{"id":100290,"date":"2017-10-23T12:00:41","date_gmt":"2017-10-23T11:00:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/?p=100290"},"modified":"2017-10-15T11:55:20","modified_gmt":"2017-10-15T10:55:20","slug":"this-week-in-history-151","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2017\/10\/this-week-in-history-151\/","title":{"rendered":"This Week in History"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/TWH-logo-e1501065517548.jpeg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-62806\" src=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/TWH-logo-e1501065517548.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"276\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em>Oct 23-29, 2017<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>QUOTE OF THE WEEK:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.goodreads.com\/quotes\/tag\/moving-on\" >\u201cYou can spend minutes, hours, days, weeks, or even months over-analyzing a situation; trying to put the pieces together, justifying what could&#8217;ve, would&#8217;ve happened&#8230; or you can just leave the pieces on the floor and move the fuck on.\u201d\u00a0<\/a><\/em><\/strong>&#8212;\u00a0<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.goodreads.com\/author\/show\/87764.Tupac_Shakur\" >Tupac Shakur<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>OCTOBER 23<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>2012\u00a0 <\/strong>After 38 years, the world\u2019s first teletext service (<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/BBC\" >BBC<\/a>\u2018s <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ceefax\" >Ceefax<\/a>) ceases broadcast due to Northern Ireland completing the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Digital_switchover\" >digital switchover<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2011\u00a0 <\/strong>The Libyan National Transition Council deems the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2011_Libyan_Civil_War\" >Libyan Civil War<\/a> over.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Libyan Civil War of 2011:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Libya-Revolt-of-2011\" >Libya Revolt of 2011 \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/military\/world\/war\/libya-civil-war.htm\" >Libya Civil War (2011) \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.chicagotribune.com\/topic\/unrest-conflicts-war\/demonstration\/2011-libyan-civil-war-EVGAP00004-topic.html\" >2011 Libyan Civil War \u2013 ChicagoTribune.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.crisiswatch.net\/international\/LibyanCivilWarLocation.html\" >Libyan civil war introduction \u2013 CrisisWatch.net<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Refugees_of_the_Libyan_civil_war\" >Refugees of the 2011 Libyan Civil War \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theatlantic.com\/photo\/2011\/08\/six-months-of-civil-war-in-libya\/100130\/\" >Six Months of Civil War in Libya, by Alan Taylor \u2013 Aug 17, 2011 \u2013 TheAtlantic.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.matthewvandyke.com\/blog\/why-fought-libyan-civil-war\/\" >The Freedom Fighter Blog \u2013 Matthew VanDyke \u2013 Why I Fought in the Libyan Civil War \u2013 posted February 17, 2012 \u2013 MatthewVanDyke.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Libyan_Crisis_%282011%E2%80%93present%29\" >Libyan Crisis (2011 \u2013 present) \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-13755445\" >Libya profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Timeline of the 2011 Libyan Civil War:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_2011_Libyan_Civil_War\" >Timeline of the 2011 Libyan Civil War \u2013Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rte.ie\/news\/special-reports\/2011\/0822\/305166-libya_timeline\/\" >Timeline of events in Libyan civil war \u2013 Wednesday, 24 August 2011 \u2013 RTE.ie<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.timeline.com\/stories\/libya-arab-spring--after-gadhafi\" >Libyan Civil War \u2013 About Timeline \u2013 Timeline.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2011\u00a0 <\/strong>A powerful 7.2 magnitude <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2011_Van_earthquake\" >earthquake<\/a> strikes Van Province, Turkey, killing 582 people and injuring thousands.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2007\u00a0 A <\/strong>powerful <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cold_front\" >cold front<\/a> in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bay_of_Campeche\" >Bay of Campeche<\/a> causes the Usumacinta <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jackup_rig\" >jackup rig<\/a> to collide with <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kab_101\" >Kab 101<\/a>, leading to the death and drowning of 22 people during rescue operations after evacuation of the rig.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2004\u00a0 <\/strong>A powerful <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2004_Ch%C5%ABetsu_earthquake\" >earthquake<\/a> and its aftershocks hit <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Niigata_Prefecture\" >Niigata Prefecture<\/a>, northern Japan, killing 35 people, injuring 2,200, and leaving 85,000 homeless or evacuated.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2002\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moscow_Theatre_Siege\" >Moscow Theatre Siege<\/a> begins: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chechnya\" >Chechen<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Terrorist\" >terrorists<\/a> seize the House of Culture theater in Moscow and take approximately 700 theater-goers hostage.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1998\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Swatch_Internet_Time\" >Swatch Internet Time<\/a>, a measure of 1000 \u201cbeats\u201d per day was inaugurated by the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Swatch_Group\" >Swatch Group<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1998\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Israeli%E2%80%93Palestinian_conflict\" >Israeli\u2013Palestinian conflict<\/a>: Israeli Prime Minister <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Benjamin_Netanyahu\" >Benjamin Netanyahu<\/a> and Palestinian Chairman <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yasser_Arafat\" >Yasser Arafat<\/a> reach a \u201c<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Land_for_peace\" >land for peace<\/a>\u201d agreement.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1993\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Troubles\" >The Troubles<\/a>: A <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Provisional_Irish_Republican_Army\" >Provisional IRA<\/a> bomb <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shankill_Road_bombing\" >prematurely detonates<\/a> in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shankill_Road\" >Shankill<\/a> area of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Belfast\" >Belfast<\/a>, killing the bomber and nine civilians. <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ulster_loyalism\" >Ulster loyalists<\/a> retaliate a week later with the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Greysteel_massacre\" >Greysteel massacre<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1989\u00a0 <\/strong>Bankruptcy of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/W%C3%A4rtsil%C3%A4_Marine\" >W\u00e4rtsil\u00e4 Marine<\/a>, a Finnish shipping company; the biggest bankruptcy in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nordic_countries\" >nordic countries<\/a> until then.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1989\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hungarian_Republic\" >Hungarian Republic<\/a> is officially declared by president <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/M%C3%A1ty%C3%A1s_Sz%C5%B1r%C3%B6s\" >M\u00e1ty\u00e1s Sz\u0171r\u00f6s<\/a>, replacing the communist <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/People%27s_Republic_of_Hungary\" >Hungarian People\u2019s Republic<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Hungary:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hungary\" >Hungary \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/geos\/hu.html\" >Hungary \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.un.org\/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=Hungary\" >Hungary \u2013 UN Data<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Hungary\" >Hungary \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/hungary.html\" >Hungary \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/europa.eu\/about-eu\/countries\/member-countries\/hungary\/index_en.htm\" >Hungary \u2013 European Union \u2013 Europa.eu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/topics.nytimes.com\/top\/news\/international\/countriesandterritories\/hungary\/index.html\" >Hungary \u2013 CHRONOLOGY OF COVERAGE \u2013 The New York Times<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-europe-17380792\" >Hungary country profile \u2013 Overview \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Foreign Relations of Hungary:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_Hungary\" >Foreign relations of Hungary \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.wealthillustratedmagazine.com\/q\/Foreign_relations_of_Hungary\" >Foreign Relations of Hungary \u2013 WealthIllustratedMaganize.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hungary%E2%80%93United_States_relations\" >Hungary-United States relations \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/r\/pa\/ei\/bgn\/26566.htm\" >US Relations with Hungary \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cfr.org\/region\/hungary\/ri284\" >Hungary \u2013 Council on Foreign Relations \u2013 CFR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.geographyiq.com\/countries\/hu\/Hungary_relations_summary.htm\" >Hungary \u2013 Foreign Relations \u2013 GeographyIQ.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of Hungary:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Hungary\" >History of Hungary \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/hungary\/\" >Hungary \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/gotohungary.com\/history\/\" >HUNGARY\u2019S HISTORY IN A NUTSHELL \u2013 GoToHungary.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyworld.net\/wrldhis\/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=ab87\" >HISTORY OF HUNGARY \u2013 HistoryWorld.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/hungarianhistory.tripod.com\/\" >The History of Hungary \u2013 Tripod.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/hungary\/history\" >Hungary \u2013 History \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/history-of-Hungary\" >History of Hungary \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-europe-17383522\" >Hungary profile: Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Economy of Hungary:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_Hungary\" >Economy of Hungary \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/hungary-economy.html\" >Hungary \u2013 Economy \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mfa.gov.hu\/kulkepviselet\/CN\/en\/en_Bilateralis\/economy.htm?printable=true\" >Economy of Hungary \u2013 MFA.gov.hu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/hungary\" >Hungary \u2013 Index \u2013 THE HERITAGE FOUNDATION<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/finances.worldbank.org\/en\/countries\/Hungary\" >Hungary \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/hungary\" >Hungary \u2013 Data \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1987\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-united-states-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >US performs nuclear test<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nevada_Test_Site\" >Nevada Test Site<\/a>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_United_States\" >List of the nuclear weapons tests of the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nuclear_weapons_and_the_United_States\" >Nuclear Weapons and the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.atomcentral.com\/the-cold-war.aspx\" >The Cold War \u2013 AtomCentral.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fas.org\/nuke\/guide\/usa\/facility\/nts.htm\" >NEVADA TEST SITE \u2013 FAS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/wmd\/facility\/nts.htm\" >NEVADA TEST SITE \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.onlinenevada.org\/articles\/nevada-test-site-overview\" >Nevada Test Site Overview \u2013 OnlineNevada.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/about\/projects\/archive\/nucweapons\/nts\" >Nuclear testing at the Nevada Test Site \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/toxipedia.org\/display\/wanmec\/Nevada+Test+Site\" >Nevada Test Site \u2013 Toxipedia.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/digital.library.unlv.edu\/ntsohp\/\" >Nevada Test Site \u2013 Oral History Project<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nv.doe.gov\/library\/publications\/Environmental\/DOENV_11718_594.pdf\" >ECOLOGY OF THE NEVADA TEST SITE: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nevadatestsite.info\/\" >Nevada Test Site Workers Exposed to Radiation \u2013 National Cancer Benefits Center \u2013 NevadaTestSite.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/about\/projects\/archive\/nucweapons\/50\" >50 Facts About the US Nuclear Weapons \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Usa\/Tests\/\" >Gallery of US Nuclear Tests \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.acq.osd.mil\/ncbdp\/nm\/nm_book_5_11\/index.htm\" >The Nuclear Matters Handbook<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Nuclear Weapons and the United States:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nuclear_weapons_and_the_United_States\" >Nuclear Weapons and the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/us\/2014\/231697.htm\" >Nuclear Weapons Testing: History, Progress, Challenges: Verifications and Entry into Force of the CTBT \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/avc\/rls\/202015.htm\" >US Nuclear Weapons Stockpile Life Extension Programs \u2013 January 3, 2013 \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/research\/articles\/2014\/04\/28-50-nuclear-facts\" >50 Facts About US Nuclear Weapons Today \u2013 April 28, 2014 \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/research\/lecture\/2012\/08\/the-future-of-the-us-nuclear-triad\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Program, by Michaela Dodge \u2013 The Heritage Foundation<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.armscontrol.org\/act\/1997_05\/nas\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Policy \u2013 Arms Control Association<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252183576_The_Future_of_the_U.S._Nuclear_Weapons_Program\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Program, by Linton F. Brooks \u2013 ResearchGate.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/us\/2014\/233254.htm\" >US Nuclear Weapons Policy in the 21<sup>st<\/sup> Century \u2013 Rose Gottemoeller, Under Secretary\u00a0for Arms Control and International Security, \u00a0Dixie State University, St. George, Utah \u2013 October 21, 2014 \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1983\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lebanese_Civil_War\" >Lebanese Civil War<\/a>: The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States_Marine_Corps\" >US Marines<\/a> barracks in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Beirut\" >Beirut<\/a> is <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1983_Beirut_barracks_bombing\" >hit by a truck bomb<\/a>, killing 241 US military personnel. A French army barracks in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lebanon\" >Lebanon<\/a> is also hit that same morning, killing 58 troops.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Lebanese Civil War:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/middleeast.about.com\/od\/lebanon\/a\/me081026e.htm\" >Timeline of the Lebanese Civil War: 1975-1990, by Pierre Trsitan \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/war-memorial.net\/Lebanese-Civil-War--3.187\" >Lebanese Civil War: Years 1975-1990 \u2013 The Polynational War Memorial \u2013 War-Memerial.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.encyclopedia.com\/topic\/Lebanese_Civil_War.aspx\" >Lebanese Civil War \u2013 Causes of the War \u2013 Fighting from 1975-1985 \u2013 End of the Civil War \u2013 Bibliography \u2013 Encyclopedia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/military\/world\/war\/lebanon.htm\" >Lebanon (Civil War 1975-1991) \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/lebanon\/27.htm\" >Lebanon \u2013 Civil War \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/fas\/ife\/Documents\/downloads\/series3_2003.pdf\" >The Lebanese Civil War,1975-1990, by Samir Makdisi and Richard Sadaka \u2013 American University of Beirut \u2013 Institute of Financial Economics \u2013 Lecture and Working Paper Series (2003 No.3) \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/kulna.wordpress.com\/2012\/01\/22\/the-lebanese-civil-war-1975-1990\/\" >The Lebanese Civil War (1975-1990), by Daniel Mourad Jensen \u2013 Kulna: For All of Us \u2013 WordPress.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/wikis.nyu.edu\/display\/cpeaa\/Lebanon+after+the+1984-1990+civil+war\" >Lebanon after the 1984-1990 civil war \u2013 Wikis.NYU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/kuscholarworks.ku.edu\/bitstream\/handle\/1808\/7408\/Mohti_ku_0099M_10986_DATA_1.pdf?sequence=1\" >THE LEBANESE CIVIL WAR (1975-1990): CAUSES AND COSTS OF CONFLICT, by C2010 \u2013 Zakaria Mounir Mohti \u2013 University of Kansas \u2013 KU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/liberty05.com\/civilwar\/civil4.html\" >Lebanese Civil War 1988-1990 \u2013 Liberty05.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.academia.edu\/5019337\/The_Causes_of_the_Lebanese_Civil_War_1975-1990_From_Cairo_to_Taif_Contents\" >The Causes of the Lebanese Civil War: 1975-1990 From Cairo to Ta\u2019if Contents \u2013 pdf downloadable \u2013 Academia.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ranker.com\/list\/list-of-lebanese-civil-war-battles\/reference\" >List Of Lebanese Civil War Battles \u2013 Ranker.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.apimages.com\/Collection\/Landing\/Lebanese-Civil-War-1975-1990-\/24cffefd4f5c4abcabb7b52bd646a361\" >LEBANESE CIVIL WAR: 1975-1990 \u2013 AP Images<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>A Few Pertinent UN Resolutions, among Many Others:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.unsco.org\/Documents\/Resolutions\/S_RES_1559%282004%29.pdf\" >UN Resolution 1559 (2004) \u2013 2 September 2004 \u2013 S\/RES\/1559 (2004)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/daccess-dds-ny.un.org\/doc\/UNDOC\/GEN\/N06\/351\/77\/PDF\/N0635177.pdf?OpenElement\" >UN Resolution 1680 (2006) \u2013 17 May 2006 \u2013 S\/RES\/1680 (2006)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.un.org\/french\/documents\/view_doc.asp?symbol=S\/RES\/1701%20%282006%29&amp;TYPE=&amp;referer=http:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=http:\/\/www.un.org\/french\/documents\/view_doc.asp?symbol=S\/RES\/1701%20%282006%29&amp;Lang=E\" >UN Resolution 1701 (2006) \u2013 11 August 2006 \u2013 S\/RES\/1701 (2006)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special_Tribunal_for_Lebanon\" >Special Tribunal for Lebanon:<\/a><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.stl-tsl.org\/en\/\" >Special Tribunal for Lebanon \u2013 Official Site<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.specialtribunalforlebanon.org\/en\/documents\" ><strong>Documents on the Special Tribunal for Lebanon:<\/strong> \u201c<em>This section contains a wide range of documents relating to the STL. These include founding documents like the Statute, as well as the Rules of Procedure and Evidence and UN Security Council resolutions. To read relevant STL court filings (such as indictments, judgements and judicial rulings) please see the cases<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Special Tribunal for Lebanon \u2013 Official Site<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/digitalcommons.law.scu.edu\/cgi\/viewcontent.cgi?article=1071&amp;context=scujil\" >Special Tribunal for Lebanon: A Tribunal for International Character Devoid of International Law, by Yanice Yun \u2013 Santa Clara Journal of International Law \u2013 1-1-2010 \u2013 Volume 7 | Issue 2<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.globalpolicy.org\/international-justice\/international-criminal-tribunals-and-special-courts\/special-tribunal-for-lebanon.html\" >Special Tribunal for Lebanon \u2013 Global Policy Forum \u2013 GlobalPolicy.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.trial-ch.org\/en\/resources\/tribunals\/hybrid-tribunals\/special-court-for-lebanon.html\" >Special Court for Lebanon \u2013 TRIAL \u2013 Trial-ch.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/america.aljazeera.com\/articles\/2014\/4\/11\/lebanon-s-specialtribunalaturningpointforinternationallaw.html\" >Is Lebanon\u2019s special tribunal a turning point in international law? , by Meris Lutz \u2013 April 11, 2014 \u2013 Aljazeera.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1973\u00a0 <\/strong>A <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Nations\" >United Nations<\/a> sanctioned cease-fire officially ends the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yom_Kippur_War\" >Yom Kippur War<\/a> between <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Israel\" >Israel<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Syria\" >Syria<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.un.org\/en\/sc\/documents\/\" >United Nations Security Council Documents Overall<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.un.org\/en\/sc\/documents\/resolutions\/\" >UNSC Resolutions<\/a>:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>United Nations Security Council Resolution 338 of 1973:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.un.org\/en\/ga\/search\/view_doc.asp?symbol=S\/RES\/338%281973%29\" >United Nations Security Council Resolution 338 of 1973 (UN Website)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_338\" >United Nations Security Council Resolution 338 of 22 October 1973 \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/UN\/unres338.html\" >UNSC Resolutions \u2013 Resolution 338 (October 22, 1973) \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/United-Nations-Resolution-338\" >United Nations Resolution 338 \u2013 Yom Kippur War \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>United Nations Security Council Resolution 242 of 1967:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mythsandfacts.org\/Conflict\/10\/Resolution-338.pdf\" >Resolution 338: Reaffirmation of 242 \u2013 MythsAndFacts.org \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.un.org\/en\/ga\/search\/view_doc.asp?symbol=S\/RES\/242%281967%29\" >United Nations Security Council Resolution 242 of 1967 (UN Website)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_242\" >United Nations Security Council Resolution 242 of 22 November of 1967 \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/UN\/unres242.html\" >UNSC Resolutions \u2013 Resolution 242 (November 22, 1967) \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.kimmillerconcernedchristians.com\/Unsealings\/1402.pdf\" >#1402 The relationship between Daniel 2:42 and U.N. Resolution 242 \u2013 U.N. Resolution 242, part 2, U.N. Resolution 242 of November 22, 1967, became the world\u2019s foundation for peace in the Middle East \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Yom Kippur War:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/yom-kippur-war\" >YOM KIPPUR WAR \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/History\/1973toc.html\" >Yom Kippur War \u2013 Israel\u2019s War &amp; Operations \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/docs.lib.purdue.edu\/cgi\/viewcontent.cgi?article=1103&amp;context=lib_fsdocs\" >Yom Kippur War (October 6-25, 1973), by Bert Chapman \u2013 12-11-2014 \u2013 Purdue University \u2013 Purdue.edu \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/History\/73_War.html\" >The Yom Kippur War: Background &amp; Overview (October 1973) \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.foia.cia.gov\/collection\/president-nixon-and-role-intelligence-1973-arab-israeli-war\" >\u201c<em>This collection highlights the causes and consequences of US Intelligence Community\u2019s (IC) failure to foresee the October 1973 Arab-Israeli War, also known as the October War or the Yom Kippur War. A coalition of Arab nations led by Egypt and Syria launched a surprise attack on Israel on October 6, the day of Yom Kippur<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 \u00a0 <strong>President Nixon and the Role of Intelligence in the 1973 Arab-Israeli War<\/strong> \u2013 Library \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/yom-kippur-1973.info\/afterwar\/usadocumentseng.htm\" >The October War and US Policy \u2013 Yom-Kippur-1973.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/usforeignpolicy.about.com\/od\/middleeast\/a\/U-S-Foreign-Policy-In-The-Yom-Kippur-War-1973.htm\" >US Foreign Policy in the Yom Kippur War, 1973 \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ynetnews.com\/articles\/0,7340,L-4285092,00.html\" >Declassified documents reveal failure of Yom Kippur War \u2013 YnetNews.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/mfa.gov.il\/MFA\/AboutIsrael\/History\/Pages\/The%20Yom%20Kippur%20War%20-%20October%201973.aspx\" >Yom Kippur War (October 1973) \u2013 Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.idfblog.com\/about-the-idf\/history-of-the-idf\/1973-yom-kippur-war-day-day\/\" >1973 Yom Kippur War: Day by Day \u2013 Israel Defense Forces<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jta.org\/1998\/09\/20\/life-religion\/features\/timeline-of-yom-kippur-war\" >Timeline of Yom Kippur War \u2013 JTA.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jweekly.com\/article\/full\/9169\/a-timeline-of-the-events-of-the-yom-kippur-war\/\" >A timeline of the events of the Yom Kippur War \u2013 Jweekly.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.zionism-israel.com\/Israel_espionage_timeline_Yom_Kippur_War.htm\" >Timeline: Israeli Intelligence, Espionage and Covert Operations \u2013 From 1968 to the Yom Kippur War (1973) \u2013 Zionism-Israel.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/israelforever.org\/history\/yom_kippur_war\/\" >Yom Kippur War \u2013 The Israel Forever Foundation<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/lewis.armscontrolwonk.com\/archive\/6909\/israel-nuclear-weapons-and-the-1973-yom-kippur-war\" >Israel, Nuclear Weapons and the 1973 Yom Kippur War \u2013 Arms Control Wonk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thenagain.info\/WebChron\/MiddleEast\/YomKippurWar.html\" >The Yom Kippur War \u2013 1973 \u2013 ThenAgain.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.palestinefacts.org\/pf_1967to1991_ykwar_course.php\" >What was the <em>course<\/em> [<em>sic<\/em>] of the 1973 Yom Kippur War? \u2013 PalestineFacts.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.palestinefacts.org\/pf_1967to1991_ykwar_result.php\" >What was the result of the Yom Kippur War? \u2013 PalestineFacts.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historylearningsite.co.uk\/modern-world-history-1918-to-1980\/the-middle-east-1917-to-1973\/the-yom-kippur-war-of-1973\/\" >\u201c<em>The Yom Kippur War of 1973, the most recent \u2018full\u2019 war in Middle East history, is so-called because it began on the Day of Atonement (Yom Kippur), the holiest day of prayer and fasting in the Jewish calendar. The Yom Kippur War is also known as the October War. At the time of Yom Kippur, Israel was led by Golda Meir and Egypt by Anwar Sadat<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 The Yom Kippur War of 1973 \u2013 The History Learning Site \u2013 HistoryLearningSite.co.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/arab-israeli-wars-the-1973-74-war-the-yom-kippur-war.html\" >Arab-Israel Wars \u2013 The 1973-74 War (The Yom Kippur War) \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Yom-Kippur-War\" >Yom Kippur War \u2013 Middle East [1973] \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/archive.adl.org\/israel\/record\/yomkippur.html\" >The 1973 Yom Kippur War \u2013 ADL.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ynetnews.com\/articles\/0,7340,L-3621090,00.html\" >The Yom Kippur War (1973) \u2013 YnetNews.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>197<\/strong><strong>3\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Watergate_scandal\" >Watergate scandal<\/a>: US President <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Richard_M._Nixon\" >Richard M Nixon<\/a> agrees to turn over subpoenaed audio tapes of his <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Oval_Office\" >Oval Office<\/a> conversations.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Watergate Scandal:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/watergate\" >WATERGATE SCANDAL \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/watergate\/videos\" >WATERGATE SANDAL \u2013 Videos \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/uspolitics.about.com\/od\/presidenc1\/a\/what_watergate.htm\" >What Was The Watergate Scandal? \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/watergate.info\/overview\" >What was Watergate? \u2013 Overview \u2013 Watergate.info<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Watergate-Scandal\" >Watergate scandal \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.u-s-history.com\/pages\/h1791.html\" >Watergate Scandal \u2013 UNITED STATES HISTORY \u2013 U-S-History.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/wp-srv\/politics\/special\/watergate\/timeline.html\" >THE WATERGATE SCANDAL \u2013 TIMLINE \u2013 The Washington Post \u2013 WashingtonPost.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.authentichistory.com\/1961-1974\/6-nixon\/3-watergate\/timeline\/\" >Watergate Scandal Timeline \u2013 AuthenticHistory.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1972\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Operation_Linebacker\" >Operation Linebacker<\/a>, a US bombing campaign against <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/North_Vietnam\" >North Vietnam<\/a> in response to its <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Easter_Offensive\" >Easter Offensive<\/a>, ends after five months.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1970\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gary_Gabelich\" >Gary Gabelich<\/a> sets a land speed record in a rocket-powered automobile called the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Blue_Flame_%28automobile%29\" >Blue Flame<\/a>, fueled with natural gas.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1965\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vietnam_War\" >Vietnam War<\/a>: The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1st_Cavalry_Division_%28United_States%29\" >1st Cavalry Division (United States)<\/a> (Airmobile), in conjunction with <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/South_Vietnam\" >South Vietnamese<\/a> forces, launches a new operation seeking to destroy <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/North_Vietnam\" >North Vietnamese<\/a> forces in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pleiku\" >Pleiku<\/a> in the II Corps Tactical Zone (the Central Highlands).<\/p>\n<p><strong>196<\/strong><strong>1\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> (atmospheric) at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Novaya_Zemlya\" >Novaya Zemlya<\/a> USSR.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>USSR Nuclear Tests in 1961:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1961_Soviet_nuclear_tests\" >1961 Soviet nuclear tests \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Novaya Zemlya Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/wmd\/world\/russia\/novaya_zemlya_nuc.htm\" >Novaya Zemlya \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.atlasobscura.com\/places\/novaya-zemlya\" >NOVAYA ZEMLYA \u2013 AtlasObscura.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.giantbomb.com\/novaya-zemlya\/3035-3167\/\" >Novaya Zemlya \u2013 GiantBomb.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.arkcode.com\/custom3_64.html\" >NOVA ZEMLYA (NOVAYA ZEMLYA) 58 MEGA TON H BOMB TEST \u2013 ArkCode.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nti.org\/facilities\/924\/\" >Central Test Site of Russia on Novaya Zemlya \u2013 NTI.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www1.american.edu\/ted\/ice\/novalya.htm\" >ICE Case Studies \u2013 Novaya Zemlya, by Carrie McVicker \u2013 American.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/earthobservatory.nasa.gov\/IOTD\/view.php?id=39591\" >Novaya Zemlya Archipelago \u2013 Image \u2013 NASA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/novayazemlya.net\/\" >Novaya Zemlya Archipelago \u2013 NovayaZemlya.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclear-risks.org\/en\/hibakusha-worldwide\/novaya-zemlya.html\" >Novaya Zemlya, Russia \u2013 Nuclear-Risks.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/tass.ru\/en\/russia\/743105\" >Novaya Zemlya: test site for most powerful nuclear bomb ever detonated \u2013 July 31, 2014 \u2013 TASS Russian News Agency<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclearno.com\/text.asp?11073\" >Novaya Zemlya: birds, animals adapt nuclear test site, by Tatyana Sinitsyna \u2013 RIA Novosti, Russia \u2013 15 August 2006<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/of\/1993\/0501\/report.pdf\" >UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOGRPAPHICAL SURVEY \u2013 Physical Environment of the Underground Nuclear Test Site on Novaya Zemlya, Russia, by John R. Matzko \u2013 Open-File Report 93-501 \u2013 Reston, Virginia \u2013 1993<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ldeo.columbia.edu\/%7Erichards\/my_papers\/khalturin_NZ_1-42%20.pdf\" >A Review of the Nuclear Testing by the Soviet Union at Novaya Zemlya, 1955 \u2013 1990, by Vitaly I. Khalturin, Tatyana G. Rautian, Paul G. Richards, and William S. Leith \u2013 Columbia.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Soviet Atmospheric Nuclear Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovatmtest.html\" >Soviet Atmospheric Tests \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/zvis.com\/nuclear\/ndb\/ussrnuks.shtml\" >USSR Atmospheric Nuclear Tests Database \u2013 Zvis.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovwpnprog.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/tests\/USSR-ntestsS.html\" >Database of nuclear tests, USSR\/Russia: overview \u2013 JohnstonArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/soviet_nuclear_testing_semipalatinsk_20th_anniversary\/24311518.html\" >Slow Death of Kazakhstan\u2019s Land Of Nuclear Tests \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty \u2013 RFRL.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/large.stanford.edu\/courses\/2014\/ph241\/powell2\/docs\/vakulchuk.pdf\" >Semipalitinsk nuclear testing: the humanitarian consequences \u2013 Norwegian Institute of International Affairs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thebulletin.org\/lasting-toll-semipalatinsks-nuclear-testing\" >The lasting toll of Semipalitinsk\u2019s nuclear testing \u2013 TheBulletin.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/12566948_External_doses_of_residents_near_Semipalatinsk_nuclear_test_site\" >External Doses of Residents near Semipalitinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 ResearchGate.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.irpa.net\/irpa10\/cdrom\/00504.pdf\" >Radiation Exposure on Residents due to Semipalitinsk Nuclear Tests \u2013 IRPA.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Effect and\/or Impact of Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/page-3-effects-of-nuclear-weapon-testing-by-the-soviet-union\/\" >Page 3: Effects of Nuclear Weapon Testing by the Soviet Union \u2013 Economic, social, and environmental impacts \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/general-overview-of-theeffects-of-nuclear-testing\/\" >GENERAL OVERVIEW OF THE EFFECTS OF NUCLEAR TESTING \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/slashdot.org\/story\/13\/08\/20\/1738213\/the-secret-effort-to-clean-up-a-former-soviet-nuclear-test-site\" >The Secret Effort To Clean Up a Former Soviet Nuclear Test Site \u2013 Slashdot.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/citeseerx.ist.psu.edu\/viewdoc\/summary?doi=10.1.1.543.8580\" >A Review of Nuclear Testing by the Soviet Union at Novaya, by Vitaly I. Khalturin , Tatyana G. Rautian , Paul G. Richards , and William S. Leith \u2013 CiteSeerX- PSU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1958\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Smurfs\" >The Smurfs<\/a>, a fictional race of blue dwarves, later popularized in a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Smurfs_%28TV_series%29\" >Hanna-Barbera animated cartoon series<\/a>, appear for the first time in the story <em>La flute \u00e0 six schtroumpfs<\/em>, a <em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Johan_and_Peewit\" >Johan and Peewit<\/a><\/em> adventure by Peyo, which is serialized in the weekly <em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Spirou_%28magazine%29\" >Spirou<\/a><\/em> magazine.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1958\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Springhill_Mine_bump\" >Springhill Mine bump<\/a>: An underground earthquake traps 174 miners in the No. 2 colliery at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Springhill,_Nova_Scotia\" >Springhill, Nova Scotia<\/a>, the deepest <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Coal_mine\" >coal mine<\/a> in North America at the time. By <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/November_1\" >November 1<\/a>, rescuers from around the world had dug out 100 of the victims, marking the death toll at 74.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1956\u00a0 <\/strong>Thousands of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hungary\" >Hungarians<\/a> protest against the government and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soviet_Union\" >Soviet<\/a> occupation. (The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hungarian_Revolution_of_1956\" >Hungarian Revolution<\/a> is crushed on November 4).<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Hungarian Revolution of 1956:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/hungarian-protest-turns-violent\" >OCT 23, 1956: ON THIS DAY: Hungarian protest turns violent \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/dailynewshungary.com\/1956-october-23-start-of-the-hungarian-revolution\/\" >1956 OCTOBER 23 \u2013 START OF THE HUNGARIAN REVOLUTION \u2013 23 Oct 2013 \u2013 DailyNewsHungary.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fog.ccsf.cc.ca.us\/%7Esgati\/gatiproductions\/starting_over\/revolution.htm\" >\u201c<em>In 1945, during World War II, the Russians came in to liberate Hungary from the Nazis, but when the Communists took over in 1949, liberation became domination and the Hungarian government was totally subordinate to Soviet control. There was freedom in the air on October 23, 1956 when Hungarian students began demonstrating against the Communist government. The Soviet dictator Joseph Stalin had died three years before; and in March of 1956, Nikita Khrushchev had spoken out against Stalin at the 20th Party Congress<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 1956 HUNGARIAN REVOLUTION<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/visitbudapest.travel\/budapest-events\/october-23\/\" >October 23<sup>rd<\/sup> \u2013 Revolution of 1956 \u2013 VisitBudapest.travel<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.budapestbylocals.com\/event\/23rd-october-1956-revolution\/\" >October 23<sup>rd<\/sup> 1956 Revolution \u2013 Budapest by Locals<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/uahsibhistory.wikispaces.com\/Hungarian+Revolution+of+1956\" >Hungarian Revolution of 1956 \u2013 UAHSIB History<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nsarchive.gwu.edu\/NSAEBB\/NSAEBB76\/\" >The 1956 Hungarian Revolution: A History in Documents \u2013 GWU.edu<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyinanhour.com\/2013\/02\/21\/hungarian-revolution-of-1956-summary\/\" >The Hungarian Revolution of 1956 \u2013 a summary \u2013 February 21, 2013 \u2013 Historian in an Hour \u2013 HistorianInAnHour.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.coldwar.org\/articles\/50s\/HungarianRevolution.asp\" >HUNGARIAN REVOLUTION \u2013 THE COLD WAR MUSEUM<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mtholyoke.edu\/%7Ecarne20a\/classweb\/Timeline.html\" >Timeline of the Hungarian Revolution of 1956 \u2013 MTHOLYOKE.edu<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of Hungary:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Hungary\" >History of Hungary \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/hungary\/\" >Hungary \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/gotohungary.com\/history\/\" >HUNGARY\u2019S HISTORY IN A NUTSHELL \u2013 GoToHungary.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyworld.net\/wrldhis\/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=ab87\" >HISTORY OF HUNGARY \u2013 HistoryWorld.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/hungarianhistory.tripod.com\/\" >The History of Hungary \u2013 Tripod.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/hungary\/history\" >Hungary \u2013 History \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/history-of-Hungary\" >History of Hungary \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-europe-17383522\" >Hungary profile: Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1955\u00a0 <\/strong>Prime Minister <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ng%C3%B4_%C4%90%C3%ACnh_Di%E1%BB%87m\" >Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Di\u1ec7m<\/a> defeats former emperor <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/B%E1%BA%A3o_%C4%90%E1%BA%A1i\" >B\u1ea3o \u0110\u1ea1i<\/a> in a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/State_of_Vietnam_referendum,_1955\" >referendum<\/a> and founds the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Republic_of_Vietnam\" >Republic of Vietnam<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1946\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Nations_General_Assembly\" >United Nations General Assembly<\/a> convenes for the first time, at an <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Auditorium\" >auditorium<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Flushing,_Queens\" >Flushing, Queens<\/a>, New York City.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>First General Assembly of the United Nations:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/first-meeting-of-the-united-nations\" ><strong>The First United Nations General Assembly<\/strong> was held in London, on January 10, 1946<\/a>. <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/mukundsathe.com\/2014\/10\/23\/this-day-in-history-23-oct-1946-the-united-nations-general-assembly-convenes-in-new-york-for-the-first-time\/\" >On 23 October 1946, the United Nations General Assembly convened <strong>for the first time in New York City<\/strong><\/a><\/em><strong>.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mapsofworld.com\/on-this-day\/october-23-1946-ce-the-united-nations-general-assembly-convenes-in-new-york-for-the-first-time\" >October 23 1946 CE \u2013 The United Nations Convenes in New York for the First Time \u2013 MapsOfWorld.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/trumanlibrary.org\/publicpapers\/index.php?pid=914\" >US President Harry S Truman\u2019s address at the Opening Session of the United Nations General Assembly on October 23, 1946 \u2013 TrumanLibrary.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.gwu.edu\/%7Eerpapers\/myday\/displaydoc.cfm?_y=1946&amp;_f=md000476\" >October 23, 1946 \u2013 My Day, by Eleanor Roosevelt \u2013 GWU.edu<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1944<\/strong><strong>\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Leyte_Gulf\" >Battle of Leyte Gulf<\/a>: The largest naval battle in history begins in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Philippines\" >Philippines<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Battle of the Leyte Gulf:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/world-war-ii\/battle-of-leyte-gulf\" >BATTLE OF LEYTE GULF \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Battle-of-Leyte-Gulf\" >Battle of Leyte Gulf \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/militaryhistory.about.com\/od\/worldwari1\/p\/leytegulf.htm\" >World War II: Battle of Leyte Gulf \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/combinedfleet.com\/battles\/Leyte_Campaign\" >Leyte Naval Battles \u2013 CombinedFleet.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Timeline of the Leyte Gulf:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/sunnycv.com\/steve\/WW2Timeline\/LUTZ\/leyte.html\" >The End of the Japanese Navy: The Battle of Leyte Gulf \u2013 Timeline \u2013 SunnyCV.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/battle0fleytegulf.weebly.com\/timeline.html\" >The Battle of Leyte Gulf Timeline \u2013 BATTLE OF LEYTE GULF, by Melissa Flint &amp; Rachel Lin \u2013 Weebly.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1942\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_for_Henderson_Field\" >Battle for Henderson Field<\/a> begins during the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guadalcanal_Campaign\" >Guadalcanal Campaign<\/a> and ends on <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/October_26\" >October 26<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1942\u00a0 <\/strong>All 12 passengers and crewmen aboard an <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/American_Airlines\" >American Airlines<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DC-3\" >DC-3<\/a> airliner are killed when it is struck by a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/U.S._Army_Air_Forces\" >US Army Air Forces<\/a> bomber near <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Palm_Springs,_California\" >Palm Springs, California<\/a>. Amongst the victims is award-winning composer and songwriter <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ralph_Rainger\" >Ralph Rainger<\/a> (\u201c<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Thanks_for_the_Memory\" >Thanks for the Memory<\/a>\u201c, \u201c<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Love_in_Bloom_%28song%29\" >Love in Bloom<\/a>\u201c, \u201c<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Blue_Hawaii_%28song%29\" >Blue Hawaii<\/a>\u201c).<\/p>\n<p><strong>1942\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Second_Battle_of_El_Alamein\" >Second Battle of El Alamein<\/a>: At <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/El_Alamein\" >El Alamein<\/a> in northern <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Egypt\" >Egypt<\/a>, the British <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eighth_Army_%28United_Kingdom%29\" >Eighth Army<\/a> under <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bernard_Law_Montgomery,_1st_Viscount_Montgomery_of_Alamein\" >Field Marshal Montgomery<\/a> begins a critical offensive to expel the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Axis_powers\" >Axis<\/a> armies from Egypt.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1941\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_II\" >World War II<\/a>: Field Marshal <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Georgy_Zhukov\" >Georgy Zhukov<\/a> takes command of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Red_Army\" >Red Army<\/a> operations to prevent the further advance into <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soviet_Union\" >Russia<\/a> of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nazi_Germany\" >German<\/a> forces and to prevent the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wehrmacht\" >Wehrmacht<\/a> from capturing Moscow.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1935\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dutch_Schultz\" >Dutch Schultz<\/a>, Abe Landau, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Otto_Berman\" >Otto Berman<\/a>, and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bernard_Rosencrantz\" >Bernard \u201cLulu\u201d Rosencrantz<\/a> are fatally shot at a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bar_%28establishment%29\" >saloon<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Newark,_New_Jersey\" >Newark, New Jersey<\/a> in what will become known as The Chophouse Massacre.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1929\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Great_Depression\" >Great Depression<\/a>: After a steady decline in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Stock_market\" >stock market<\/a> prices since a peak in September, the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/New_York_Stock_Exchange\" >New York Stock Exchange<\/a> begins to show signs of panic.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Great Depression of 1929:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/great-depression\" >THE GREAT DEPRESSION \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Great-Depression\" >Great Depression \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.english.illinois.edu\/maps\/depression\/about.htm\" >About the Great Depression \u2013 Illinois.edu<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.econlib.org\/library\/Enc\/GreatDepression.html\" >Great Depression, by Gene Smiley \u2013 Library of Economics and Liberty<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/useconomy.about.com\/od\/grossdomesticproduct\/p\/1929_Depression.htm\" >The Great Depression of 1929 \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gwu.edu\/%7Eerpapers\/teachinger\/glossary\/great-depression.cfm\" >The Great Depression (1929-1939) \u2013 Teaching Eleanor Roosevelt Glossary \u2013 GWU.edu<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sjsu.edu\/faculty\/watkins\/dep1929.htm\" >The Great Depression of the 1930s and Its Origins \u2013 SJSU.edu<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/study.com\/academy\/lesson\/the-great-depression-the-wall-street-crash-of-1929-and-other-causes.html\" >The Great Depression: The Wall Street Crash of 1929 and Other Causes \u2013 Study.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Timeline of the Great Depression:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/wgbh\/americanexperience\/features\/timeline\/rails-timeline\/\" >Timeline of the Great Depression \u2013 AMECRIAN EXPERIENCE \u2013 PBS.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.hyperhistory.com\/online_n2\/connections_n2\/great_depression.html\" >THE TIMELINE OF THE GREAT DEPRESSION \u2013 HyperHistory.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1917\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vladimir_Lenin\" >Lenin<\/a> calls for the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/October_Revolution\" >October Revolution<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1915<\/strong><strong>\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Women%27s_suffrage\" >Women\u2019s suffrage<\/a>: In New York City, 25,000-33,000 women march on <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fifth_Avenue\" >Fifth Avenue<\/a> to advocate their <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Right_to_vote\" >right to vote<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Women\u2019s Suffrage:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/womens-history\/the-fight-for-womens-suffrage\" >THE FIGHT FOR WOMEN\u2019S SUFFRAGE \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historynet.com\/womens-suffrage-movement\" >WOMEN\u2019S SUFFRAGE MOVEMENT \u2013 HistoryNet.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/teacher.scholastic.com\/activities\/suffrage\/history.htm\" >HISTORY OF WOMEN\u2019S SUFFRAGE \u2013 Women\u2019s Suffrage \u2013 Scholatic.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ipu.org\/wmn-e\/suffrage.htm\" >WOMEN\u2019S SUFFRAGE \u2013 IPU.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/actnow.uusc.org\/site\/PageNavigator\/womens_rights.html?gclid=CLHxlOzQusgCFSQHwwodvp8GQQ\" >Women\u2019s Rights Are Human Rights \u2013 UUSC.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_women\" >Timeline of women\u2019s suffrage \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Women\u2019s Suffrage in the United States:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Women\" >Women\u2019s suffrage in the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/spot\/womenstimeline1.html\" >Women\u2019s Rights Movements in the US \u2013 1848 \u2013 1920 \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/history.house.gov\/Exhibitions-and-Publications\/WIC\/Historical-Essays\/No-Lady\/Womens-Rights\/\" >The Women\u2019s Rights Movements 1840-1920 \u2013 HISTORY, ART &amp; ARCHIVES \u2013 United States House of Representatives \u2013 House.gov<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/tag.rutgers.edu\/teaching-toolbox\/classroom-resources\/lesson-module-womens-suffrage-in-the-united-states\/\" >LESSON MODULE: WOMEN\u2019S SUFFRAGE IN THE UNITED STATES \u2013 Rutgers.edu<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>The Nineteenth Amendment and Women\u2019s Suffrage:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nineteenth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution\" >\u201c<em>The Nineteenth Amendment (Amendment XIX) to the United States Constitution prohibits any United States citizen from being denied the right to vote on the basis of sex. It was ratified on August 18, 1920. The Constitution allows the states to determine the qualifications of voters, subject to limitations imposed by later amendments. Until the 1910s, most states disenfranchised women<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Nineteenth Amendment \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ourdocuments.gov\/doc.php?flash=true&amp;doc=63\" >19<sup>th<\/sup> Amendment to the US Constitution: Women\u2019s Rights to Vote (1920) \u2013 OurDocuments.gov<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/womens-history\/19th-amendment\" >19<sup>TH<\/sup> AMENDMENT \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.archives.gov\/education\/lessons\/woman-suffrage\/\" >Teaching with Documents: Women\u2019s Suffrage and the 19<sup>th<\/sup> Amendment \u2013 NATIONAL ARCHIVES \u2013 Archives.gov<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of Women\u2019s Suffrage (Movement) in the United States:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.suffragist.com\/timeline.htm\" >A History of American Suffragist Movement \u2013 Saffragist.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www1.cuny.edu\/portal_ur\/content\/voting_curriculum\/women_suffrage.html\" >Women\u2019s Suffrage and World War I \u2013 CUNY.edu<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.teachervision.com\/womens-rights\/us-history\/50972.html\" >Leaders in the US Suffrage Movement, by Susan B. Anthony \u2013 TeacherVision.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/constitutioncenter.org\/timeline\/html\/cw08_12159.html\" >January 1, 1919: Map: States grant women the right to vote \u2013 National Constitution Center<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_women\" >Timeline of women\u2019s suffrage in the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nwhm.org\/education-resources\/history\/woman-suffrage-timeline\" >Women\u2019s Suffrage Timeline (1840-1920) \u2013 NATIONAL WOMEN\u2019S MUSEUM<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1912\u00a0<\/strong> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/First_Balkan_War\" >First Balkan War<\/a>: The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Kumanovo\" >Battle of Kumanovo<\/a> between the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kingdom_of_Serbia\" >Serbian<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ottoman_Empire\" >Ottoman<\/a> armies begins.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Battle of Kumanovo:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.balkanhistory.com\/kumanovo_1912.htm\" >\u201c<em>The Battle of Kumanovo took place on 23\/24 October 1912, 15 Kilometres northeast of the Macedonian capital Skopje (then called Uskub)<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 The First Balkan War \u2013 Balkan Military History<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/srpskikod.org\/en\/first-level\/battle-of-kosovo\/battle-of-kumanovo\" >Battle of Kumanovo \u2013 SrpskiKod.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/self.gutenberg.org\/articles\/Battle_of_Kumanovo\" >BATTEL OF KUMANOVO \u2013 Self.Gutenberg.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ranker.com\/list\/a-list-of-all-first-balkan-war-battles\/reference?utm_expid=16418821-154.rT8cPvUmQNuj_-gE4I98Fw.0&amp;utm_referrer=http%3A%2F%2Fr.search.yahoo.com%2F_ylt%3DAwrBT9DJmRpWCMMANotXNyoA%3B_ylu%3DX3oDMTEzNzA5dmdrBGNvbG8DYmYxBHBvcwMzBHZ0aWQDVklQNjE0XzEEc2VjA3Ny%2FRV%3D2%2FRE%3D1444612682%2FRO%3D10%2FRU%3Dhttp%253a%252f%252fwww.ranker.com%252flist%252fa-list-of-all-first-balkan-war-battles%252freference%2FRK%3D0%2FRS%3Dpta5wn0PiGRyw8mPwB3Er6cR.Bc-\" >List of First Balkan War Battles \u2013 Ranker.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>First Balkan War:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thenagain.info\/WebChron\/EastEurope\/FirstBalkan.html\" >The First Balkan War 1912-1913 \u2013 ThenAgain.info<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.balkanhistory.com\/balkan_war_1912.htm\" >\u201c<em>In Macedonia, the Serbian army defeated the Turks at Kumanovo that enabled it to join forces with the Montenegrins and enter Skopje. Meanwhile, the Greeks occupied Salonika and advanced on Io\u00e1nnina. In Albania, the Montenegrins besieged Shkod\u00ebr, and the Serbs entered Durr\u00ebs<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 The First Balkan War \u2013 Balkan Military History<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nzhistory.net.nz\/media\/photo\/first-balkan-war-1912\" >First Balkan War 1912 \u2013 NZHistory.net.nz<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tc-america.org\/media\/tca-press-releases\/2011\/tca-protests-statements-by-senators-kyl-and-kirk-against-turkey-571.htm\" >TCA Fact Sheet: The 1912-1913 Balkan Wars \u2013 Turkish Coalition of America \u2013 TC-America.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Balkan Wars:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Balkan_Wars\" >Balkan Wars \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Balkan-Wars\" >Balkan Wars \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/balkan-wars.html\" >Balkan Wars \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1911\u00a0 <\/strong>First use of aircraft in war: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Italo-Turkish_War\" >Italo-Turkish War<\/a>: An Italian pilot takes off from <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Libya\" >Libya<\/a> to observe <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Turkey\" >Turkish<\/a> army lines.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1906\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alberto_Santos-Dumont\" >Alberto Santos-Dumont<\/a> flies an airplane in the first <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Heavier-than-air_flight\" >heavier-than-air flight<\/a> in Europe at Champs de Bagatelle, Paris, France.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1870<\/strong><strong>\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Franco-Prussian_War\" >Franco-Prussian War<\/a>: The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Siege_of_Metz_%281870%29\" >Siege of Metz<\/a> concludes with a decisive <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kingdom_of_Prussia\" >Prussian<\/a> victory.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Siege of Metz:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Siege_of_Metz_%281870%29\" >Siege of Metz (1870) \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/historywarsweapons.com\/siege-of-metz-1870\/\" >SIEGE OF METZ \u2013 HISTORY WARS WEAPONS \u2013 historywarsweapons.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Franco-Prussian War:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Franco-Prussian_War#Causes\" >Causes \u2013 Franco-Prussian War \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/history-world.org\/franco_prussian_war.htm\" >The Franco-Prussian War \u2013 history-world.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Franco-German-War\" >Franco-Germany War \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/francoprussianwar.com\/\" >com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.newworldencyclopedia.org\/entry\/Franco-Prussian_War\" >Franco-Prussian War \u2013 Newencyclopedia.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.encyclopedia.com\/topic\/Franco-Prussian_War.aspx\" >Franco-Prussian War \u2013 Encyclopdia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/franco-prussian-war-results-war.html\" >Franco-Prussian War \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.wargamesfoundry.com\/our-ranges\/franco-prussian-war\" >THE FRANCO-PRUSSIAN WAR \u2013 John French \u2013 wargramefoundry.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Timelines of the Franco-Prussian War:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/francoprussianwar.com\/timeline.htm\" >Timeline of the Franco-Prussian War \u2013 francoprussianwar.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.preceden.com\/timelines\/164272-franco-prussian-war\" >Franco-Prussian War \u2013 preceden.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tiki-toki.com\/timeline\/entry\/49293\/History-Timeline-1870-1919\/#vars%21panel=440109%21\" >FRANCO PRUSSINA WAR \u2013 tiki-toki.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/treaty-of-frankfurt-am-main-ends-franco-prussian-war\" >MAY 10, 1871: THIS DAY IN HISTORY \u2013 Treaty of Frankfurt am Main ends Franco-Prussian War \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1861 <\/strong>US President <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Abraham_Lincoln\" >Abraham Lincoln<\/a> suspends the writ of <em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Habeas_corpus\" >habeas corpus<\/a><\/em> in Washington, D. C., for all military-related cases.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1850<\/strong><strong>\u00a0 <\/strong>The first <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/National_Women%27s_Rights_Convention\" >National Women\u2019s Rights Convention<\/a> begins in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Worcester,_Massachusetts\" >Worcester, Massachusetts<\/a>, United States.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>History of Women\u2019s Rights in the United States:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.scholastic.com\/teachers\/article\/brief-history-womens-rights-movemen\" >A Brief History of Women\u2019s Rights Movements: The prominent figures and notable events of women\u2019s rights movements in America and beyond \u2013 Scholatic.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nwhp.org\/resources\/womens-rights-movement\/history-of-the-womens-rights-movement\/\" >History of Women\u2019s Rights Movements (1848-1998) \u2013 NWHP.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/history.house.gov\/Exhibitions-and-Publications\/WIC\/Historical-Essays\/No-Lady\/Womens-Rights\/\" >Women\u2019s Rights Movements, 1848-1920 \u2013 History.House.gov<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/spot\/womenstimeline1.html\" >History of the American Women\u2019s Rights Movements 1848-1920, by Ann-Marie Imbornoni \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/ecssba.rutgers.edu\/docs\/decl.html\" >Declaration of Rights of the Women of the United States \u2013 4 July 1876 \u2013 Rutgers.edu<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.wic.org\/misc\/history.htm\" >WOMEN\u2019S RIGHTS \u2013 Women\u2019s History in America \u2013 WIC.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Women\u2019s Rights in General:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Women\" >Women\u2019s rights \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/womensrightsworldwide.org\/\" >Women\u2019s Rights Worldwide \u2013 WomensRightsWorldwide.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalissues.org\/article\/166\/womens-rights\" >Women\u2019s Rights, by Anup Shah \u2013 Global Issues<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.scholastic.com\/teachers\/article\/brief-history-womens-rights-movements\" >A Brief History of Women\u2019s Rights Movements: The prominent figures and notable events of women\u2019s rights movements in America and beyond \u2013 Scholatic.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/unchronicle.un.org\/article\/womens-rights-human-rights\/\" >Women\u2019s Rights as Human Rights \u2013 UN Chronicle \u2013 UN.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/Issues\/Women\/WRGS\/Pages\/WRGSIndex.aspx\" >Women\u2019s Human Rights as Gender Equality \u2013 United Nations Human Rights \u2013 Office of High Commissioner for Human Rights \u2013 OHCHR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.trust.org\/spotlight\/poll-womens-rights-in-the-arab-world\/\" >POLL: Women\u2019s Rights in the Arab World \u2013 THOMPSON REUTERS FOUNDATION \u2013 Trust.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.amnestyusa.org\/our-work\/issues\/women-s-rights\" >Women\u2019s Rights are Human Rights \u2013 Amnesty International USA<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Women\u2019s Suffrage and Its History:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/teacher.scholastic.com\/activities\/suffrage\/history.htm\" >History of Women\u2019s Suffrage \u2013 Scholastic.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historynet.com\/womens-suffrage-movement\" >WOMEN\u2019S SUFFRAGE MOVEMENT \u2013 Historynet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/history-world.org\/woman_suffrage.htm\" >Woman Suffrage \u2013 History-World.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/womenshistory.answers.com\/suffrage\/womens-suffrage-around-the-world\" >Women\u2019s Suffrage Around The World, by Kerilynn Engel \u2013 Answers.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www1.cuny.edu\/portal_ur\/content\/voting_curriculum\/women_suffrage.html\" >Women\u2019s suffrage and World War I \u2013 CUNY.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nwhm.org\/online-exhibits\/progressiveera\/suffrage.html\" >Causes: The Woman Suffrage Movement \u2013 Reforming Their World: Women in the Progressive Era \u2013 The National Women\u2019s History Museum \u2013 NWHM.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/womenshistory.about.com\/od\/suffrage\/a\/intl_timeline.htm\" >International Woman Suffrage Timeline \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/global-development\/interactive\/2011\/jul\/06\/un-women-vote-timeline-interactive\" >A timeline of women\u2019s right to vote \u2013 interactive \u2013 Wednesday, 6 July, 2011 \u2013 TheGuardian.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ipu.org\/wmn-e\/suffrage.htm\" >WOMEN\u2019S SUFFRAGE \u2013 IPU.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/ipa\/A0931343.html\" >Timeline of Women\u2019s Suffrage Granted, by Country \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1812\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Claude_Fran%C3%A7ois_de_Malet\" >Claude Fran\u00e7ois de Malet<\/a>, a French general, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Malet_coup_of_1812\" >begins a conspiracy<\/a> to overthrow <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Napoleon_I_of_France\" >Napoleon Bonaparte<\/a>, claiming that the Emperor died in Russia and that he is now the commandant of Paris.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1739\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/War_of_Jenkins%27_Ear\" >War of Jenkins\u2019 Ear<\/a> starts: British <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Prime_Minister\" >Prime Minister<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Robert_Walpole\" >Robert Walpole<\/a>, reluctantly declares war on Spain.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>OCTOBER 24<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><strong>Today is the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Nations_Day\" >UNITED NATIONS DAY<\/a>:<\/strong><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><strong>Today is the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_Development_Information_Day\" >WORLD DEVELOPMENT INFORMATION DAY<\/a>:<\/strong><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2014\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/China_National_Space_Administration\" >China National Space Administration<\/a> launches an experimental lunar mission, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chang%27e_5-T1\" >Chang\u2019e 5-T1<\/a>, which will loop behind the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moon\" >Moon<\/a> and return to <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Earth\" >Earth<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2008\u00a0 <\/strong>\u201c<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Stock_market_crash#Bloody_Friday\" >Bloody Friday<\/a>\u201d saw many of the world\u2019s <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Stock_exchange\" >stock exchanges<\/a> experience the worst declines in their history, with drops of around 10% in most indices.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2007\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chang%27e_1\" >Chang\u2019e 1<\/a>, the first satellite in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_Lunar_Exploration_Program\" >Chinese Lunar Exploration Program<\/a>, is launched from <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Xichang_Satellite_Launch_Center\" >Xichang Satellite Launch Center<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2005\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hurricane_Wilma\" >Hurricane Wilma<\/a> makes landfall in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Effects_of_Hurricane_Wilma_in_Florida\" >Florida<\/a> resulting in 35 direct 26 indirect fatalities and causing $20.6B USD in damage.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2003\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Concorde\" >Concorde<\/a> makes its last commercial flight.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Concorde:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.concordesst.com\/\" >Concorde \u2013 ConcordeSST.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/technology\/Concorde\" >Concorde \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/science.howstuffworks.com\/transport\/flight\/modern\/concorde3.htm\" >How Concordes Work \u2013 HowStuffWorks.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/military\/world\/europe\/concorde.htm\" >Concorde Supersonic Transport \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brighthub.com\/science\/aviation\/articles\/65872.aspx\" >The Concorde Airplane \u2013 TheBrightHub.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/papers.sae.org\/730351\/\" >Introduction of CONCORDE \u2013 SAE.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Concorde_aircraft_histories\" >Concorde aircraft histories \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tenfactsabout.co.uk\/0007concorde.htm\" >TEN FACTS ABOUT CONCORDE \u2013 TenFactsAbout.co.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tenfactsabout.co.uk\/0007concorde.htm\" >GREAT AIRCRAFT OF HISTORY: CONCORDE \u2013 SPARTAN \u2013 TenFactsAbout.co.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.aerospaceweb.org\/question\/planes\/q0186.shtml\" >CONCORDE HISTORY \u2013 Aerospaceweb.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Concorde Crash on 25 July 2000:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/concorde-jet-crashes\" >JUL 25 2000: THIS DAY IN HISTORY \u2013 Concorde jet crashes \u2013 history.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Air_France_Flight_4590\" >Air France Flight 4590 \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.coastalmotorboat.org.uk\/pdf\/concorde.pdf\" >Concorde\u2019s Crash in Paris, 25<sup>th<\/sup> July 2000 \u2013 The Dream that ended for Air France as well as British Airways John Cook looks back at the Concorde\u2019s Crash \u2013 coastalmotorboat.org.co.uk \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.quora.com\/How-did-the-Concorde-crash\" >How did Concorde crash? \u2013 quora.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2000\/07\/26\/world\/the-concorde-crash-the-overview-113-die-in-first-crash-of-a-concorde.html\" >THE CONCORDE CRASH: THE OVERVIEW; 113 Die in First Crash of a Concorde, by Alan Riding \u2013 July 26, 2000 \u2013 The New York Times \u2013 nytimes.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.csmonitor.com\/World\/Global-News\/2010\/0202\/What-caused-the-2000-Concorde-crash\" >What caused the 2000 Concorde crash? , by Stephen Kruczy \u2013 February 2, 2010 \u2013 The Christian Science Monitor \u2013 csmonitor.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nbcnews.com\/id\/29306441\/ns\/dateline_nbc-international\/t\/what-brought-down-concorde\/\" >What brought down Concorde? \u2013 Dateline re-examines the last moments of the 2000 flight that proved fatal \u2013 nbcnews.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.askthepilot.com\/untold-concorde-story\/\" >UNTOLD STORY OF THE CONCORDE DISASTER \u2013 askthepilot.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.hfw.com\/Concorde-Crash\" >Concorde Crash \u2013 ARTICLES \u2013 Holman Fenwick Willan \u2013 hfw.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-europe-11923556\" >\u201c<em>A Paris court has said Continental Airlines was \u201ccriminally responsible\u201d for the crash of a Concorde supersonic jet 10 years ago, and fined it 200,000 euros (\u00a3170,000). A Paris court has said Continental Airlines was \u201ccriminally responsible\u201d for the crash of a Concorde supersonic jet 10 years ago, and fined it 200,000 euros (\u00a3170,000)<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 <strong>Continental \u2018responsible\u2019 for Concorde crash in 2000<\/strong> \u2013 6 December 2000 \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-europe-11924949\" >\u201c<em>A French appeals court has overturned a 2010 verdict against US airline Continental, absolving the firm of \u201ccriminal responsibility\u201d for the Concorde air crash near Paris in July 2000 in which 113 people died. It also cleared a Continental mechanic who had been found guilty of manslaughter. However, the court upheld a ruling that the airline bore civil responsibility for the disaster and should pay operator Air France 1m euros ($1.3m) for the damage done to its reputation<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 <strong>Q &amp; A: Concorde crash trials<\/strong> \u2013 29 November 2012 \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/programmes\/articles\/4g8tpFXypPsMVKWWcBCrZR5\/i-was-there-concorde-crash-2000\" >\u2018I was there\u2019: Concorde Crash, 2000 \u2013 A tragic accident as Concorde comes down near Paris \u2013 In Short \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=vzbNlaLyWuA\" >YouTube video (1 min. 31 sec.): Air France Concorde flight 4590 takes off with fire: Concorde crash that killed 113<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Concorde\u2019 Final Flight:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/the-concorde-makes-its-final-flight\" >The Concorde makes its final flight \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/2\/hi\/uk_news\/3211053.stm\" >End of an era for Concord \u2013 Friday, 24 October 2003 \u2013 BBC<\/a>, <\/strong><em>or<\/em><strong> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/onthisday\/hi\/dates\/stories\/october\/24\/newsid_3701000\/3701490.stm\" >ON THIS DAY: 24 October \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Concorde_aircraft_histories\" >Concord aircraft histories \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2002\u00a0 <\/strong>Police arrest <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Spree_killer\" >spree killers<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/John_Allen_Muhammad\" >John Allen Muhammad<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lee_Boyd_Malvo\" >Lee Boyd Malvo<\/a>, ending the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Beltway_sniper_attacks\" >Beltway sniper attacks<\/a> in the area around Washington, D.C.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1998\u00a0 <\/strong>Launch of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Deep_Space_1\" >Deep Space 1<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Comet\" >comet<\/a>\/<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Asteroid\" >asteroid<\/a> mission.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1990\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> (underground) at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Novaya_Zemlya\" >Novaya Zemlya<\/a> USSR.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>USSR Nuclear Tests in 1980:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1990_Soviet_nuclear_tests\" >1990 Soviet nuclear tests &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>USSR\u2019s Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovwpnprog.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/tests\/USSR-ntestsS.html\" >Database of nuclear tests, USSR\/Russia: overview \u2013 JohnstonArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Effect and\/or Impact of Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/page-3-effects-of-nuclear-weapon-testing-by-the-soviet-union\/\" >Page 3: Effects of Nuclear Weapon Testing by the Soviet Union \u2013 Economic, social, and environmental impacts \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/general-overview-of-theeffects-of-nuclear-testing\/\" >GENERAL OVERVIEW OF THE EFFECTS OF NUCLEAR TESTING \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/slashdot.org\/story\/13\/08\/20\/1738213\/the-secret-effort-to-clean-up-a-former-soviet-nuclear-test-site\" >The Secret Effort To Clean Up a Former Soviet Nuclear Test Site \u2013 Slashdot.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/citeseerx.ist.psu.edu\/viewdoc\/summary?doi=10.1.1.543.8580\" >A Review of Nuclear Testing by the Soviet Union at Novaya, by Vitaly I. Khalturin , Tatyana G. Rautian , Paul G. Richards , and William S. Leith \u2013 CiteSeerX- PSU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Underground Nuclear Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tightflash.org\/all_911\/third_truth\/nuclear_demolition_basic\/USGSOFR01312.pdf\" >The Containment of Soviet Underground Nuclear Explosions, by Vitaly V. Adshkin, and William Leith \u2013 OPEN FILE REPROT 01-312, September 2001 \u2013 US DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/srl.geoscienceworld.org\/content\/86\/2A\/451.full.pdf\" >Political Seismology or Seismological Politics: Natural Resources Defense Council \u2013 USSR Experiments in Underground Nuclear Test Verification, by Anna Amramina<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2013\/02\/11\/world\/asia\/north-korea-underground-explosion-explainer\/index.html\" >What happens with an underground nuclear test? , by Kevin Voigt \u2013 February 19, 2013 \u2013 CNN<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nnsa.energy.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/nv_sweis\/environmentalimpact\/v2\/Appendix%20H.pdf\" >APPENDIX H \u2013 UNDERGROUND NUCLEAR TESTING<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/gajitz.com\/buried-history-underground-nuclear-weapons-tests\/\" >Buried History: Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 GAJITZ.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theblogbelow.com\/2008\/07\/underground-nuclear-test.html\" >Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 TheBlogBelow.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ldeo.columbia.edu\/res\/pi\/Monitoring\/Arch\/BRV_arch_exp.html\" >Borovoye Archive Data from Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 Columbia.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/of\/1993\/0501\/report.pdf\" >Physical Environment of the Underground Nuclear Test Site on Novaya Zemlya, Russia, by John R. Matzko \u2013 Open-File Report 93-501- Reston, Virginia \u2013 1993 \u2013 THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOGRAPHICAL SURVEY<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Novaya Zemlya Nuclear Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/wmd\/world\/russia\/novaya_zemlya_nuc.htm\" >Novaya Zemlya \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.atlasobscura.com\/places\/novaya-zemlya\" >NOVAYA ZEMLYA \u2013 AtlasObscura.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.giantbomb.com\/novaya-zemlya\/3035-3167\/\" >Novaya Zemlya \u2013 GiantBomb.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.arkcode.com\/custom3_64.html\" >NOVA ZEMLYA (NOVAYA ZEMLYA) 58 MEGA TON H BOMB TEST \u2013 ArkCode.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nti.org\/facilities\/924\/\" >Central Test Site of Russia on Novaya Zemlya \u2013 NTI.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www1.american.edu\/ted\/ice\/novalya.htm\" >ICE Case Studies \u2013 Novaya Zemlya, by Carrie McVicker \u2013 American.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/earthobservatory.nasa.gov\/IOTD\/view.php?id=39591\" >Novaya Zemlya Archipelago \u2013 Image \u2013 NASA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/novayazemlya.net\/\" >Novaya Zemlya Archipelago \u2013 NovayaZemlya.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclear-risks.org\/en\/hibakusha-worldwide\/novaya-zemlya.html\" >Novaya Zemlya, Russia \u2013 Nuclear-Risks.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/tass.ru\/en\/russia\/743105\" >Novaya Zemlya: test site for most powerful nuclear bomb ever detonated \u2013 July 31, 2014 \u2013 TASS Russian News Agency<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclearno.com\/text.asp?11073\" >Novaya Zemlya: birds, animals adapt nuclear test site, by Tatyana Sinitsyna \u2013 RIA Novosti, Russia \u2013 15 August 2006<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1990\u00a0 <\/strong>Italian prime minister <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Giulio_Andreotti\" >Giulio Andreotti<\/a> reveals to the Italian parliament the existence of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Operation_Gladio\" >Gladio<\/a>, the Italian \u201c<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Stay-behind\" >stay-behind<\/a>\u201d clandestine paramilitary <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/NATO\" >NATO<\/a> army, which was implicated in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/False_flag\" >false flag<\/a> terrorist attacks implicating communists and anarchists as part of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Strategy_of_tension\" >strategy of tension<\/a> from the late 1960s to early 1980s.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1986\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nezar_Hindawi\" >Nezar Hindawi<\/a> is sentenced to 45 years in prison, the longest sentence handed down by a British court, for the attempted bombing on an <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/El_Al\" >El Al<\/a> flight at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Heathrow\" >Heathrow<\/a>. After the verdict, the United Kingdom breaks diplomatic relations with <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Syria\" >Syria<\/a>, claiming that Hindawi is helped by Syrian officials.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1980\u00a0 <\/strong>The government of Poland legalizes the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Solidarity_%28Polish_trade_union%29\" >Solidarity trade union<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>History of Solidarity Trade Union of Poland:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Solidarity#First_Solidarity_.281980.E2.80.931981.29\" >History of Solidarity \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Solidarity\" >Solidarity \u2013 Polish organization \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/article\/1060898.html\" >Poland: Solidarity \u2013 The Trade Union That Changed the World \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty \u2013 RFERL.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2011\/12\/13\/opinion\/the-rise-and-fall-of-solidarity.html?_r=0\" >The Rise and Fall of Solidarity, by Mark Kramer \u2013 December 12, 2011 \u2013 The New York Times<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Martial Law and Solidarity on December 13, 1981:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/onthisday\/hi\/witness\/december\/13\/newsid_4524000\/4524704.stm\" >ON THIS DAY: 13 December 1981: \u201c<em>No-one who lived in Poland between 13 December 1981 and July 22 1983 will forget the imposition of martial law under General Jaruzelski<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 1981: Sad Christmas in Poland \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/learning.blogs.nytimes.com\/2011\/12\/13\/dec-13-1981-poland-cracks-down-on-solidarity-movement\/?_r=0\" >Dec 13, 1981 Poland Cracks Down on Solidarity Movement \u2013 December 13, 2011 \u2013 The New York Times \u2013 NYTimes.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.videofact.com\/english\/martial_law.htm\" >Martial Law in Poland \u2013 VideoFact.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.academia.edu\/1748310\/Solidarnosc_Solidarity_Non-Violence\" >Solidarnosc Solidarity Non-Violence, uploaded by W Korab-Karpowicz \u2013 Academia.edu \u2013 downloadable<\/a> <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of Poland:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Poland\" >History of Poland \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyworld.net\/wrldhis\/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=ab01\" >HISTORY OF POLAND \u2013 HistoryWorld.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/poland\/history\" >Poland \u2013 History \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/history-of-Poland\" >History of Poland \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/poland\/\" >Poland \u2013 HISTORY \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.localhistories.org\/poland.html\" >A BRIEF HISTORY OF POLAND \u2013 LocalHistories.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/vjw\/Poland.html\" >Poland \u2013 The Virtual Jewish World \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rootsweb.ancestry.com\/%7Epolwgw\/history.html\" >Timeline of Polish History \u2013 Roots Web \u2013 Ancestry.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/info-poland.buffalo.edu\/classroom\/maps\/task4.html\" >Historical Maps of Poland \u2013 Buffalo.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/world-europe-17754512\" >Poland country profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Poland:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/geos\/pl.html\" >POLAND \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.un.org\/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=Poland\" >Poland \u2013 UN Data<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/poland.html\" >Poland \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Poland\" >Poland \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.factmonster.com\/country\/poland.html\" >Poland \u2013 FactMonster.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/geography.about.com\/od\/polandmaps\/a\/polandgeography.htm\" >Geography of Poland \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-europe-17753718\" >Poland country profile \u2013 Overview \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Foreign Relations of Poland:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.msz.gov.pl\/en\" >Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Poland<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_Poland\" >Foreign relations of Poland \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/poland\/88.htm\" >Poland \u2013 FOREIGN RELATOINS \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cfr.org\/democratization\/poland\/p30812\" >Poland \u2013 Council on Foreign Relations \u2013 CFR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Poland%E2%80%93United_States_relations\" >Poland-United States relations \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/r\/pa\/ei\/bgn\/2875.htm\" >US Relations with Poland \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Economy of Poland:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_Poland\" >Economy of Poland \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/poland-economy.html\" >Poland \u2013 Economy \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/country\/poland\" >Poland \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/poland\" >Poland \u2013 Data \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/poland\" >Poland \u2013 Index \u2013 THE HERITAGE FOUNDATION<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1977 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Veterans_Day\" >Veterans Day<\/a> is observed on the fourth Monday in October for the seventh and last time. (The holiday is once again observed on <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/November_11\" >November 11<\/a> beginning the following year.)<\/p>\n<p><strong>1975\u00a0 <\/strong>In <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Iceland\" >Iceland<\/a>, 90% of women take part in a national strike, refusing to work in protest of gaps in gender equality.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Icelandic Women\u2019s National Strike on October 24, 1975:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pandawhale.com\/post\/62277\/on-october-24-1975-the-women-of-iceland-went-on-strike-for-equal-rights-now-iceland-has-the-highest-gender-equality-in-the-world\" >On October 24, 1975, the women of Iceland went on strike for equal rights\u2026Now Iceland has the highest gender equality in the world. \u2013 PandaWhale.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nvdatabase.swarthmore.edu\/content\/icelandic-women-strike-economic-and-social-equality-1975\" >Icelandic women strike for economic and social equality, 1975 \u2013 Time period: October 24, 1975 \u2013 October 24, 1975 \u2013 Global Nonviolent Action Database<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/stopmakingsense.org\/2015\/03\/09\/october-24-1975-90-of-icelandic-women-went-on-strike\/\" >October 24, 1975: 90% of Icelandic women went on strike \u2013 March 9, 2015 \u2013 StopMakingSense.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Gender Equality in Iceland:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/eng.velferdarraduneyti.is\/departments\/gender-equality\/\" >Gender Equality \u2013 Ministry of Welfare<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/finance\/economics\/11312632\/Why-Iceland-is-hosting-a-debate-on-gender-equality...-with-part-of-it-just-for-men.html\" >Why Iceland is hosting a debate on gender equality\u2026.for men, by Lauren Davidson \u2013 10 Jan, 2015 \u2013 The Telegraph \u2013 Telegraph.co.uk<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/eng.fjarmalaraduneyti.is\/media\/Gender_Equality_in_Iceland_012012.pdf\" >GENDER EQUALTY IN ICELAND: Information on Gender Equality Issues in Iceland \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1973\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yom_Kippur_War\" >Yom Kippur War<\/a> ends.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Yom Kippur War:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/yom-kippur-war\" >YOM KIPPUR WAR \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/History\/1973toc.html\" >Yom Kippur War \u2013 Israel\u2019s War &amp; Operations \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/docs.lib.purdue.edu\/cgi\/viewcontent.cgi?article=1103&amp;context=lib_fsdocs\" >Yom Kippur War (October 6-25, 1973), by Bert Chapman \u2013 12-11-2014 \u2013 Purdue University \u2013 Purdue.edu \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/History\/73_War.html\" >The Yom Kippur War: Background &amp; Overview (October 1973) \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.foia.cia.gov\/collection\/president-nixon-and-role-intelligence-1973-arab-israeli-war\" >\u201c<em>This collection highlights the causes and consequences of US Intelligence Community\u2019s (IC) failure to foresee the October 1973 Arab-Israeli War, also known as the October War or the Yom Kippur War. A coalition of Arab nations led by Egypt and Syria launched a surprise attack on Israel on October 6, the day of Yom Kippur<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 \u00a0 <strong>President Nixon and the Role of Intelligence in the 1973 Arab-Israeli War<\/strong> \u2013 Library \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/yom-kippur-1973.info\/afterwar\/usadocumentseng.htm\" >The October War and US Policy \u2013 Yom-Kippur-1973.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/usforeignpolicy.about.com\/od\/middleeast\/a\/U-S-Foreign-Policy-In-The-Yom-Kippur-War-1973.htm\" >US Foreign Policy in the Yom Kippur War, 1973 \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ynetnews.com\/articles\/0,7340,L-4285092,00.html\" >Declassified documents reveal failure of Yom Kippur War \u2013 YnetNews.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/mfa.gov.il\/MFA\/AboutIsrael\/History\/Pages\/The%20Yom%20Kippur%20War%20-%20October%201973.aspx\" >Yom Kippur War (October 1973) \u2013 Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.idfblog.com\/about-the-idf\/history-of-the-idf\/1973-yom-kippur-war-day-day\/\" >1973 Yom Kippur War: Day by Day \u2013 Israel Defense Forces<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jta.org\/1998\/09\/20\/life-religion\/features\/timeline-of-yom-kippur-war\" >Timeline of Yom Kippur War \u2013 JTA.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jweekly.com\/article\/full\/9169\/a-timeline-of-the-events-of-the-yom-kippur-war\/\" >A timeline of the events of the Yom Kippur War \u2013 Jweekly.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.zionism-israel.com\/Israel_espionage_timeline_Yom_Kippur_War.htm\" >Timeline: Israeli Intelligence, Espionage and Covert Operations \u2013 From 1968 to the Yom Kippur War (1973) \u2013 Zionism-Israel.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/israelforever.org\/history\/yom_kippur_war\/\" >Yom Kippur War \u2013 The Israel Forever Foundation<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/lewis.armscontrolwonk.com\/archive\/6909\/israel-nuclear-weapons-and-the-1973-yom-kippur-war\" >Israel, Nuclear Weapons and the 1973 Yom Kippur War \u2013 Arms Control Wonk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thenagain.info\/WebChron\/MiddleEast\/YomKippurWar.html\" >The Yom Kippur War \u2013 1973 \u2013 ThenAgain.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.palestinefacts.org\/pf_1967to1991_ykwar_course.php\" >What was the <em>course<\/em> [<em>sic<\/em>] of the 1973 Yom Kippur War? \u2013 PalestineFacts.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.palestinefacts.org\/pf_1967to1991_ykwar_result.php\" >What was the result of the Yom Kippur War? \u2013 PalestineFacts.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historylearningsite.co.uk\/modern-world-history-1918-to-1980\/the-middle-east-1917-to-1973\/the-yom-kippur-war-of-1973\/\" >\u201c<em>The Yom Kippur War of 1973, the most recent \u2018full\u2019 war in Middle East history, is so-called because it began on the Day of Atonement (Yom Kippur), the holiest day of prayer and fasting in the Jewish calendar. The Yom Kippur War is also known as the October War. At the time of Yom Kippur, Israel was led by Golda Meir and Egypt by Anwar Sadat<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 The Yom Kippur War of 1973 \u2013 The History Learning Site \u2013 HistoryLearningSite.co.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/arab-israeli-wars-the-1973-74-war-the-yom-kippur-war.html\" >Arab-Israel Wars \u2013 The 1973-74 War (The Yom Kippur War) \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Yom-Kippur-War\" >Yom Kippur War \u2013 Middle East [1973] \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/archive.adl.org\/israel\/record\/yomkippur.html\" >The 1973 Yom Kippur War \u2013 ADL.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ynetnews.com\/articles\/0,7340,L-3621090,00.html\" >The Yom Kippur War (1973) \u2013 YnetNews.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1964\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Northern_Rhodesia\" >Northern Rhodesia<\/a> gains independence from the United Kingdom and becomes the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Republic_of_Zambia\" >Republic of Zambia<\/a> (<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Southern_Rhodesia\" >Southern Rhodesia<\/a> remained a colony until the next year, with the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rhodesia%27s_Unilateral_Declaration_of_Independence\" >Unilateral Declaration of Independence<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Zambia:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ciaworldfactbook.us\/africa\/zambia.html\" >Zambia \u2013 The World Factbook \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.un.org\/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=Zambia\" >Zambia \u2013 UN Data<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nationsonline.org\/oneworld\/zambia.htm\" >Zambia \u2013 NationsOnline.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Zambia\" >Zambia \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/zambia.html\" >Zambia \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/africanhistory.about.com\/od\/zambia\/\" >Zambia \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-14112449\" >Zambia country profile \u2013 Overview \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Foreign Relations of Zambia:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_Zambia\" >Foreign relations of Zambia \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/r\/pa\/ei\/bgn\/2359.htm\" >US Relations with Zambia \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/China%E2%80%93Zambia_relations\" >China-Zambia relations \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.irantracker.org\/foreign-relations\/zambia-iran-foreign-relations\" >Zambia-Iran Foreign Relations \u2013 IranTracker.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.geographyiq.com\/countries\/za\/Zambia_relations_summary.htm\" >Zambia \u2013 Foreign Relations \u2013 Geography IQ \u2013 GeographyIQ.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cfr.org\/region\/zambia\/ri216\" >Zambia \u2013 Council on Foreign Relations \u2013 CFR.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of Zambia:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Zambia\" >History of Zambia \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/zambia\/history\" >Zambia \u2013 History \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/africanhistory.about.com\/od\/zambia\/p\/ZambiaHist.htm\" >A Brief History of Zambia \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nationsencyclopedia.com\/Africa\/Zambia-HISTORY.html\" >Zambia \u2013 History \u2013 NationsEncyclopedia.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/localhistories.org\/zambia.html\" >A SHORT HISTORY OF ZAMBIA \u2013 LocalHistories.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.our-africa.org\/zambia\/history-politics\" >Zambia \u2013 History &amp; Politics \u2013 Our-Africa.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/zambia-history.html\" >Zambia \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-14113084\" >Zambia profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Economy of Zambia:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_Zambia\" >Economy of Zambia \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/zambia\" >Zambia \u2013 Index \u2013 THE HERITAGE FOUNDATION<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/country\/zambia\" >Zambia \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/zambia\" >Zambia \u2013 Data \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.africaneconomicoutlook.org\/en\/country-notes\/southern-africa\/zambia\/\" >Zambia \u2013 African Economic Outlook<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gfmag.com\/global-data\/country-data\/zambia-gdp-country-report\" >Zambia GDP and Economic Data \u2013 GFMag.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mapsofworld.com\/zambia\/economy.html\" >Zambia Economy \u2013 MapsOfWorld.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/zambia-economy.html\" >Zambia \u2013 Economy \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tradingeconomics.com\/zambia\/gdp-growth-annual\" >Zambia GDP Annual Growth Rate \u2013 TradingEconomics.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.academia.edu\/2351950\/The_Zambian_Economy_and_the_IMF\" >The Zambian Economy and the IMF ,by L. Larry Liu \u2013 Academdia.edu- pdf downloadable<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countryeconomy.com\/gdp\/zambia\" >Zambia GDP \u2013 CountryEconomy.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1960\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nedelin_catastrophe\" >Nedelin catastrophe<\/a>: An <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/R-16_%28missile%29\" >R-16<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ballistic_missile\" >ballistic missile<\/a> explodes on the launch pad at the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soviet_Union\" >Soviet Union<\/a>\u2018s <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Baikonur_Cosmodrome\" >Baikonur Cosmodrome<\/a> space facility, killing over 100. Among the dead is Field Marshal Mitrofan Nedelin, whose death is reported to have occurred in a plane crash.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1957\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States_Air_Force\" >United States Air Force<\/a> starts the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/X-20_Dyna-Soar\" >X-20 Dyna-Soar<\/a> program.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1954\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dwight_D._Eisenhower\" >Dwight D. Eisenhower<\/a> pledges United States support to <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/South_Vietnam\" >South Vietnam<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Vietnam War in 1954:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1954_in_the_Vietnam_War\" >1954 in the Vietnam War \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/War_in_Vietnam_%281954%E2%80%9359%29\" >War in Vietnam (1954-1959) \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Eisenhower\u2019s Decision to Support South Vietnam:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/u-s-president-pledges-support-to-south-vietnam\/print\" >OCTOBER 24, 1954: US PRESIDENT PLEDGES SUPPORT TO SOUTH VIETNAM \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.vietnamwar.net\/Eisenhower-3.htm\" >Eisenhower\u2019s Letter of Support to Ngo Dinh Diem \u2013 October 23, 1954 \u2013 VitenamWar.net<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/mysecurepayment.com\/essays\/VIETNAM-POLICY-UNDER-EISENHOWER-.html\" >VIETNAM POLICY UNDER EISENHOWER \u2013 Research Assistance<\/a>, <\/strong><em><strong>or the same letter on this website:<\/strong><\/em><strong> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/mcadams.posc.mu.edu\/viet1.htm\" >The Vietnam War: The Documents \u2013 1: Eisenhower\u2019s Letter to Ngo Dinh Diem, October 23, 1954 \u2013 MU.edu<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1949\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cornerstone\" >cornerstone<\/a> of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Nations_Headquarters\" >United Nations Headquarters<\/a> is laid.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Headquarters_of_the_United_Nations\" >\u201c<em>Construction on the initial buildings began in 1948, with the cornerstone laid on October 24, 1949, and was completed in 1952<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Headquarters of the United Nations \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/avalon.law.yale.edu\/20th_century\/decad036.asp\" >Agreement Between the United Nations and the United States Regarding the Headquarters of the United Nations, Signed June 26, 1947, and Approved by the General Assembly October 31, 1947<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Convention_on_the_Privileges_and_Immunities_of_the_United_Nations\" >Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the United Nations \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.un.org\/en\/ethics\/pdf\/convention.pdf\" >Text of the Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the United Nations \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1947\u00a0 <\/strong>Famed animator <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Walt_Disney\" >Walt Disney<\/a> testifies before the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/House_Un-American_Activities_Committee\" >House Un-American Activities Committee<\/a>, naming Disney employees he believes to be <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Communist\" >communists<\/a>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/history.house.gov\/Historical-Highlights\/1901-1950\/The-permanent-standing-House-Committee-on-Un-American-Activities\/\" >The permanent standing House Committee on Un-American Activities \u2013 Historical Highlights \u2013 January 03, 1945 \u2013 HISTORY, ART &amp; ARCHIVES \u2013 UNITED STATES HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.gwu.edu\/%7Eerpapers\/teachinger\/glossary\/huac.cfm\" >House Un-American Activities Committee \u2013 GWU.edu<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/opb\/thesixties\/topics\/politics\/newsmakers_4.html\" >House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) \u2013 PBS.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/cold-war\/huac\" >HUAC \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/House-Un-American-Activities-Committee\" >House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/house-un-american-activities-committee.html\" >House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) \u2013 Infopleasec.om<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/spartacus-educational.com\/USAhuac.htm\" >House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) \u2013 Spartacus-Educational.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1946\u00a0 <\/strong>A camera on board the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/V-2_No._13\" >V-2 No. 13<\/a> rocket takes the first photograph of earth from outer space.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1945\u00a0 <\/strong>Founding of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Nations\" >United Nations<\/a>. <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.un.org\/en\/documents\/charter\/index.shtml\/\" >Charter of the United Nations<\/a> comes into effect.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>United Nations Day \u2013 24 October 1945:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/the-united-nations-is-born\" >OCT 24, 1945: ON THIS DAY IN HISTORY: The United Nations is born \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/onthisday\/hi\/dates\/stories\/october\/24\/newsid_4353000\/4353094.stm\" >ON THIS DAY: 24 OCTOBER 1945: United Nations Organisation is born \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.un.org\/en\/events\/unday\/\" >24 October \u2013 United Nations Day<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.un.org\/en\/\" >United Nations \u2013 Official Site<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/United-Nations\" >United Nations \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Charter of the United Nations:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><strong>Comparison:<\/strong><\/em> The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/treaties.un.org\/doc\/Publication\/CTC\/uncharter.pdf\" >Charter of the United Nations<\/a> and the Covenant of the League of Nations<\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/i.onthisday.com\/united-nations-charter-preamble.jpg\" >Image of the Charter of the United Nations \u2013 OnThisDay.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Pertinent Information on the United Nations System:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/treaties.un.org\/Home.aspx\" >United Nations Treaty Collection<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/research.un.org\/en\" >Research Guides \u2013 United Nations Dag Hammarskj\u00f6ld Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.un.org\/en\/documents\/ods\/\" >Official Documents System Research \u2013 United Nations<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/unbisnet.un.org\/\" >United Nations Bibliographic Information System (UNBIS)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.un.org\/depts\/dhl\/unbisref_manual\/index.htm\" >UNBIS Reference Manuals<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.un.org\/Docs\/journal\/En\/lateste.pdf\" >UN Journal \u2013 United Nations<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Main and Pertinent Web Pages of the Six Main Organs of the United Nations:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.un.org\/en\/sc\/\" >Main Page of the Security Council<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.un.org\/en\/sc\/documents\/resolutions\/\" >Security Council Resolutions<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.un.org\/en\/ga\/\" >Main Page of the General Assembly<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.un.org\/documents\/resga.htm\" >General Assembly Resolutions<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.un.org\/en\/ecosoc\/\" >Main Page of ECOSOC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.un.org\/en\/ecosoc\/docs\/docs.shtml\" >Documentation of ECOSOC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.un.org\/en\/mainbodies\/secretariat\/\" >Main Page of the Secretariat<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.un.org\/en\/mainbodies\/trusteeship\/\" >Main Page of the Trusteeship Council<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.icj-cij.org\/\" >Main Page of the International Court of Justice<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.icj-cij.org\/documents\/index.php?p1=4&amp;p2=2&amp;p3=0\" >Statute of the International Court of Justice<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Specialized Agencies of the United Nations:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_specialized_agencies_of_the_United_Nations\" >List of specialized agencies of the United Nations \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/legal.un.org\/avl\/ha\/cpiun-cpisa\/cpiun-cpisa.html\" >Text of the Convention on Privileges and Immunities of the Specialized Agencies<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Books on the United Nations:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.com\/s\/ref=nb_sb_noss\/186-5713135-1299715?url=search-alias%3Dstripbooks&amp;field-keywords=Books+on+the+United+Nations\" >Books on the United Nations at Amazon.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of the United Nations:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.un.org\/en\/aboutun\/history\/index.shtml\" >History of the United Nations \u2013 UN.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/worldhistoryproject.org\/topics\/united-nations\" >United Nations timeline \u2013 WorldHistoryProject.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1937-1945\/un\" >The Formation of the United Nations: 1937 \u2013 1945 \u2013 U.S. Department of State, Office of the Historian<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/journal-iostudies.org\/sites\/journal-iostudies.org\/files\/JIOSfinal_9_0.pdf\" >On the Origins of the United Nations: When and How Did it Begin? by Klaas Dykmann, Roskilde University<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.un.org\/en\/aboutun\/history\/charter_history.shtml\" >History of the United Nations Charter<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/united-nations-history.html\" >United Nations History \u2013 infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Atlantic Charter of 1941:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/avalon.law.yale.edu\/wwii\/atlantic.asp\" >Atlantic Charter, August 14, 1941<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/totallyhistory.com\/atlantic-charter\/\" >Atlantic Charter \u2013 Totallyhistory.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atlantic_Charter\" >Atlantic Charter \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1937-1945\/atlantic-conf\" >Milestones: 1937 \u2013 1945: Atlantic Conference and Charter, 1941<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/world-war-ii\/atlantic-charter\" >Atlantic Charter \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Dumbarton Oaks and Yalta:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.un.org\/en\/aboutun\/history\/dumbarton_yalta.shtml\" >Dumbarton Oaks and Yalta \u2013 History of the United Nations<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dumbarton_Oaks_Conference\" >Dumbarton Oaks Conference \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/EBchecked\/topic\/173472\/Dumbarton-Oaks-Conference\" >Dumbarton Oaks Conference \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dumbarton_Oaks\" >Dumbarton Oaks \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yalta_Conference\" >Yalta Conference \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/world-war-ii\/yalta-conference\" >Yalta Conference \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/EBchecked\/topic\/651424\/Yalta-Conference\" >Yalta Conference World War II \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1937-1945\/yalta-conf\" >Milestones 1937 \u2013 1945: Yalta Conference \u2013 U.S. Department of State, Office of Historian<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/militaryhistory.about.com\/od\/worldwarii\/p\/yalta.htm\" >World War II: Yalta Conference<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/yalta-conference.html\" >Yalta Conference \u2013 infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.u-s-history.com\/pages\/h2072.html\" >Yalta Conference \u2013 United States History<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/avalon.law.yale.edu\/wwii\/yalta.asp\" >The Yalta Conference, February 1945<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>San Francisco Conference: April 26 \u2013 June 26, 1945:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nationsencyclopedia.com\/United-Nations\/The-Making-of-the-United-Nations-THE-SAN-FRANCISCO-CONFERENCE-25-APRIL-26-JUNE-1945.html\" >The Making of the United Nations \u2013 the San Francisco Conference \u2013 Encyclopedia of Nations<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/webtv.un.org\/meetings-events\/.%C2%A0\/watch\/san-francisco-1945\/4018283569001\" >San Francisco 1945 \u2013 UN Web TV<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.voxo.webs.com\/\" >1945 United Nations Conference on International Organsation UNICIO held in San Francisco from 25 April to 26 June<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/EBchecked\/topic\/521161\/San-Francisco-Conference\" >San Francisco Conference \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.unmultimedia.org\/oralhistory\/category\/un-conference-on-international-organization\/\" >UN 1945 Conference \u2013 Category Archives<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.un.org\/en\/aboutun\/history\/sanfrancisco_conference.shtml\" >San Francisco Conference \u2013 History of the United Nations<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/muntr.org\/sanfranciscoconference1945\/\" >The San Francisco Conference 1945 \u2013 muntr.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1944\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_II\" >World War II<\/a>: The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Japanese_aircraft_carrier_Zuikaku\" >Japanese aircraft carrier\u00a0<em>Zuikaku<\/em><\/a> and the battleship <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Japanese_battleship_Musashi\" >Japanese battleship\u00a0<em>Musashi<\/em><\/a> are sunk by American aircraft in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Leyte_Gulf\" >Battle of Leyte Gulf<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Aircraft Carrier Zuikaku:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.militaryfactory.com\/ships\/detail.asp?ship_id=IJN-Zuikaku\" >IJN Zuikaku aircraft carrier \u2013 MilitaryFactory.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/ww2db.com\/ship_spec.php?ship_id=24\" >Zuikaku, by C. Peter Chen \u2013 World War II Database \u2013 WW2DB.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Battleship Musashi:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.combinedfleet.com\/musashi.htm\" >IJN Battleship Musashi \u2013 CombinedFleet.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/ww2db.com\/ship_spec.php?ship_id=3\" >Musashi, by C. Peter Chen \u2013 World War II Database \u2013 WW2DB.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/news\/morning-mix\/wp\/2015\/03\/04\/huge-wwii-japanese-battleship-musashi-has-been-found-billionaire-paul-allen-says\/\" >\u2018Huge\u2019 WWII Japanese battleship Musashi has been found, billionaire Paul Allen says, by Terrence McCoy \u2013 March 4, 2015 \u2013 The Washington Post \u2013 WashingtonPost.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Battle of the Leyte Gulf:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/world-war-ii\/battle-of-leyte-gulf\" >BATTLE OF LEYTE GULF \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Battle-of-Leyte-Gulf\" >Battle of Leyte Gulf \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/militaryhistory.about.com\/od\/worldwari1\/p\/leytegulf.htm\" >World War II: Battle of Leyte Gulf \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/combinedfleet.com\/battles\/Leyte_Campaign\" >Leyte Naval Battles \u2013 CombinedFleet.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Timeline of the Leyte Gulf:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/sunnycv.com\/steve\/WW2Timeline\/LUTZ\/leyte.html\" >The End of the Japanese Navy: The Battle of Leyte Gulf \u2013 Timeline \u2013 SunnyCV.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/battle0fleytegulf.weebly.com\/timeline.html\" >The Battle of Leyte Gulf Timeline \u2013 BATTLE OF LEYTE GULF, by Melissa Flint &amp; Rachel Lin \u2013 Weebly.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1943\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.clandestineradio.com\/intel\/station.php?id=72&amp;stn=522\" >Anti-nazi Clandestine Radio<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Talk:Soldatensender_Calais\" >Soldatsender Calais<\/a> begins transmitting.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1943\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Azad_Hind\" >Provisional Government of Free India<\/a> formally declares war on Britain and the United States of America.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1930\u00a0 <\/strong>A bloodless <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Coup_d%27%C3%A9tat\" >coup d\u2019\u00e9tat<\/a> in Brazil ousts <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Washington_Lu%C3%ADs_Pereira_de_Sousa\" >Washington Lu\u00eds Pereira de Sousa<\/a>, the last President of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/First_Brazilian_Republic\" >First Republic<\/a>. <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Get%C3%BAlio_Vargas\" >Get\u00falio Vargas<\/a> is then installed as \u201cprovisional president.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Bloodless Coup in Brazil of 1930:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/formaementis.wordpress.com\/2009\/10\/24\/on-this-day-october-24-1930\/\" >On this day October 24, 1930 \u2013 Farmae Mentis NGO \u2013 WordPress.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1930<\/strong>\u00a0 <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Johan_Galtung\" >Johan Galtung<\/a>, one of the principal founding figures of \u201c<em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Peace_and_conflict_studies\" >peace studies<\/a><\/em>\u201d as an academic discipline, is born in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Oslo\" >Oslo<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Norway\" >Norway<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Johan Galtung:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/galtung\/\" >Johan Galtung \u2013 TRANSCEND.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/\" >TRANSCEND International \u2013 Official Site<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2013\/08\/transcend-at-20-and-then-what\/\" >\u201c<em>TRANSCEND: A Peace*Development*Environment Network was founded on March 1993 out of frustrations with a government-sponsored institute in Oslo, Norway\u2013political direct and indirect interference\u2013and a university chair with academic freedom\u2013but all disciplines jealously guarding their academic turfs against inter-disciplinary intruders<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 TRANSCEND at 20: And Then What? , by Johan Galtung \u2013 19 Aug 2013 \u2013 Editorial \u2013 TRANSCEND MEDIA SERVICE \u2013 TRANSCEND.org\/tms<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.galtung-institut.de\/en\/home\/johan-galtung\/\" >Galtung-Institut<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Peace Studies:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dmoz.org\/Society\/Issues\/Peace\/Peace_Studies\/\" >Relevant web links on peace studies \u2013 DMOZ.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/socialhistory.org\/en\/collections\/war-and-peace-collection-guide\" >War and Peace Collection Guide \u2013 International Institute of Social History<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Books written by Johan Galtung:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/galtung\/#publications\" >Johan Galtung\u2019s Publications \u2013 TRANSCEND.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.com\/s\/ref=nb_sb_noss_2?url=search-alias%3Dstripbooks&amp;field-keywords=Johan+Galtung&amp;rh=n%3A283155%2Ck%3AJohan+Galtung\" >Books on peace studies, written by Johan Galtung \u2013 Amazon.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tup\/\" >Books on peace studies, written by Johan Galtung \u2013 TRANSCEND University Press (TUP)<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Peace Research Institute Oslo (PRIO) and the Journal of Peace Research:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Peace_Research_Institute_Oslo\" >Peace Research Institute Oslo \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.prio.org\/\" >Peace Research Institute Oslo \u2013 Official Site<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.prio.org\/JPR\/\" >Journal of Peace Research \u2013 PRIO<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1929\u00a0 <\/strong>\u201c<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wall_Street_Crash_of_1929\" >Black Thursday<\/a>\u201d <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Stock_market_crash\" >stock market crash<\/a> on the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/New_York_Stock_Exchange\" >New York Stock Exchange<\/a>. Dow Jones down 12.8%.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><strong>See also<\/strong><\/em><strong>, \u201cOCTOBER 23, 1929 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Great_Depression\" >Great Depression<\/a>: After a steady decline in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Stock_market\" >stock market<\/a> prices since a peak in September, the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/New_York_Stock_Exchange\" >New York Stock Exchange<\/a> begins to show signs of panic.\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Great Depression of 1929:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mapsofworld.com\/on-this-day\/october-24-1929-ce-the-great-depression-begins-with-the-black-thursday-crash\" >October 24 1929 CE \u2013 The Great Depression Begins with the \u201cBlack Thursday\u201d Crash \u2013 MapsOfWorld.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.investopedia.com\/terms\/b\/blackthursday.asp\" >\u201c<em>The name given to Thursday, Oct. 24, 1929, when the Dow Jones Industrial Average plunged 11% at the open in very heavy volume, precipitating the Wall Street crash of 1929 and the subsequent Great Depression of the 1930s<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Black Thursday \u2013 Investopedia.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/great-depression\" >THE GREAT DEPRESSION \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Great-Depression\" >Great Depression \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.english.illinois.edu\/maps\/depression\/about.htm\" >About the Great Depression \u2013 Illinois.edu<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.econlib.org\/library\/Enc\/GreatDepression.html\" >Great Depression, by Gene Smiley \u2013 Library of Economics and Liberty<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/useconomy.about.com\/od\/grossdomesticproduct\/p\/1929_Depression.htm\" >The Great Depression of 1929 \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gwu.edu\/%7Eerpapers\/teachinger\/glossary\/great-depression.cfm\" >The Great Depression (1929-1939) \u2013 Teaching Eleanor Roosevelt Glossary \u2013 GWU.edu<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sjsu.edu\/faculty\/watkins\/dep1929.htm\" >The Great Depression of the 1930s and Its Origins \u2013 SJSU.edu<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/study.com\/academy\/lesson\/the-great-depression-the-wall-street-crash-of-1929-and-other-causes.html\" >The Great Depression: The Wall Street Crash of 1929 and Other Causes \u2013 Study.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Timeline of the Great Depression:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/wgbh\/americanexperience\/features\/timeline\/rails-timeline\/\" >Timeline of the Great Depression \u2013 AMECRIAN EXPERIENCE \u2013 PBS.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.hyperhistory.com\/online_n2\/connections_n2\/great_depression.html\" >THE TIMELINE OF THE GREAT DEPRESSION \u2013 HyperHistory.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1917\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Caporetto\" >Battle of Caporetto<\/a>; Italy suffers a catastrophic defeat by the forces of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Austria-Hungary\" >Austria-Hungary<\/a> and Germany on the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Austria\" >Austro<\/a>-Italian front of World War I (lasts until 19 November \u2013 also called Twelfth Battle of the Isonzo).<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Battle of Caporetto:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/battle-of-caporetto\" >OCT 24, 1917: THIS DAY IN HISTORY: Battle of Caporetto \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.firstworldwar.com\/battles\/caporetto.htm\" >Battles \u2013 Battle of Caporetto, 1917 \u2013 FirstWorldWar.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Battle-of-Caporetto\" >Battle of Caporetto \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/europeanhistory.about.com\/od\/worldwar1\/a\/The-Battle-Of-Caporetto-1917.htm\" >The Battle of Caporetto 1917, by Robert Wilde \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyofwar.org\/articles\/battles_caporetto.html\" >Battle of Caporetto, 24 October 1917 \u2013 12 November 1917 (Italy) \u2013 HistoyOfWar.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/military.wikia.com\/wiki\/Battle_of_Caporetto\" >Battle of Caporetto \u2013 Military.Wikia.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1912\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/First_Balkan_War\" >First Balkan War<\/a>: The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Kumanovo\" >Battle of Kumanovo<\/a> concludes with the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kingdom_of_Serbia\" >Serbian<\/a> victory.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Balkan Wars:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Balkan_Wars\" >Balkan Wars \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Balkan-Wars\" >Balkan Wars \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/balkan-wars.html\" >Balkan Wars \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>First Balkan War:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thenagain.info\/WebChron\/EastEurope\/FirstBalkan.html\" >The First Balkan War 1912-1913 \u2013 ThenAgain.info<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.balkanhistory.com\/balkan_war_1912.htm\" >\u201c<em>In Macedonia, the Serbian army defeated the Turks at Kumanovo that enabled it to join forces with the Montenegrins and enter Skopje. Meanwhile, the Greeks occupied Salonika and advanced on Io\u00e1nnina. In Albania, the Montenegrins besieged Shkod\u00ebr, and the Serbs entered Durr\u00ebs<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 The First Balkan War \u2013 Balkan Military History<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Battle of Kumanovo:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.balkanhistory.com\/kumanovo_1912.htm\" >\u201c<em>The Battle of Kumanovo took place on 23\/24 October 1912, 15 Kilometres northeast of the Macedonian capital Skopje (then called Uskub)<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 The First Balkan War \u2013 Balkan Military History<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/srpskikod.org\/en\/first-level\/battle-of-kosovo\/battle-of-kumanovo\" >Battle of Kumanovo \u2013 SrpskiKod.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/self.gutenberg.org\/articles\/Battle_of_Kumanovo\" >BATTEL OF KUMANOVO \u2013 Self.Gutenberg.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ranker.com\/list\/a-list-of-all-first-balkan-war-battles\/reference?utm_expid=16418821-154.rT8cPvUmQNuj_-gE4I98Fw.0&amp;utm_referrer=http%3A%2F%2Fr.search.yahoo.com%2F_ylt%3DAwrBT9DJmRpWCMMANotXNyoA%3B_ylu%3DX3oDMTEzNzA5dmdrBGNvbG8DYmYxBHBvcwMzBHZ0aWQDVklQNjE0XzEEc2VjA3Ny%2FRV%3D2%2FRE%3D1444612682%2FRO%3D10%2FRU%3Dhttp%253a%252f%252fwww.ranker.com%252flist%252fa-list-of-all-first-balkan-war-battles%252freference%2FRK%3D0%2FRS%3Dpta5wn0PiGRyw8mPwB3Er6cR.Bc-\" >List of First Balkan War Battles \u2013 Ranker.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1911\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Orville_Wright\" >Orville Wright<\/a>, remains in the air nine minutes and 45 seconds in a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wright_Glider\" >Wright Glider<\/a>, at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kill_Devil_Hills,_North_Carolina\" >Kill Devil Hills, North Carolina<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1901\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Annie_Edson_Taylor\" >Annie Edson Taylor<\/a> becomes the first person to go over <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Niagara_Falls\" >Niagara Falls<\/a>, in a barrel.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1861\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/First_Transcontinental_Telegraph\" >First Transcontinental Telegraph<\/a> line across the United States is completed, spelling the end for the 18-month-old <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pony_Express\" >Pony Express<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1857\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sheffield_F.C.\" >Sheffield FC<\/a>, the world\u2019s oldest association football club still in operation, is founded in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sheffield\" >Sheffield<\/a>, England.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1851\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/William_Lassell\" >William Lassell<\/a>, discovers the moons <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Umbriel_%28moon%29\" >Umbriel<\/a>, and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ariel_%28moon%29\" >Ariel<\/a>, orbiting <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Uranus\" >Uranus<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Moons of Uranus:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moons_of_Uranus\" >Moons of Uranus \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/jumk.de\/astronomie\/moons\/uranus-moons.shtml\" >List of all Uranus Moons \u2013 JUMK.de<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.armaghplanet.com\/blog\/the-mysterious-moons-of-uranus.html\" >Mysterious Moons of Uranus \u2013 Astronotes \u2013 ArmagphPlanet.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/spacetoday.org\/SolSys\/Uranus\/UranusMoons.html\" >The Moons of Uranus \u2013 SpaceToday.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.enchantedlearning.com\/subjects\/astronomy\/planets\/uranus\/uranusmoons.shtml\" >URANUS\u2019S MOON \u2013 EnchantedLearning.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.space.com\/22201-uranus-moons.html\" >Moons of Uranus: Facts about the Tilted Planet\u2019s Satellites, by Elizabeth Howell \u2013 Space.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/csep10.phys.utk.edu\/astr161\/lect\/uranus\/moons.html\" >The Moons of Uranus \u2013 UTK.edu<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Umbriel:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.seasky.org\/solar-system\/uranus-umbriel.html\" >Umbriel \u2013 SeaSky.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nineplanets.org\/umbriel.html\" >Umbriel \u2013 NinePlanets.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.universetoday.com\/57061\/umbriel\/\" >Uranus\u2019s moon Umbriel, by Mat Williams \u2013 June 5, 2015 \u2013 UniverseToday.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.planetsedu.com\/moon\/umbriel\/\" >Umbriel \u2013 PlanetsEdu.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brighthub.com\/science\/space\/articles\/84885.aspx\" >Interesting Facts about Umbriel, one of the Moons of Uranus \u2013 BrigthHub.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/solarviews.com\/eng\/umbriel.htm\" >Umbriel \u2013 Uranus II \u2013 SolarViews.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Ariel:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/solarviews.com\/eng\/ariel.htm\" >Ariel, a Moon of Uranus \u2013 SolarViews.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.seasky.org\/solar-system\/uranus-ariel.html\" >Ariel \u2013 SeaSky.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.planetsedu.com\/moon\/ariel\/\" >Ariel \u2013 PlanetsEdu.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.windows2universe.org\/uranus\/moons\/ariel.html\" >Ariel \u2013 Windows to the Universe<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.universe-galaxies-stars.com\/Ariel_moon_print.html\" >The moon Ariel belongs to the planet Uranus \u2013 Unverse-Galaxies-Stars.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.whillyard.com\/science-pages\/our-solar-system\/ariel-moon.html\" >Uranus\u2019 Moon Ariel \u2013 Whillyard.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1812\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Napoleonic_Wars\" >Napoleonic Wars<\/a>: The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Maloyaroslavets\" >Battle of Maloyaroslavets<\/a> takes place near Moscow.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1795\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Partitions_of_Poland\" >Partitions of Poland<\/a>: The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Polish%E2%80%93Lithuanian_Commonwealth\" >Polish\u2013Lithuanian Commonwealth<\/a> is completely divided among Austria, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Prussia\" >Prussia<\/a>, and Russia.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Partitions of Poland:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Partitions-of-Poland\" >Partitions of Poland \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/poland-partitions-of.html\" >Poland, partitions of \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/poland\/11.htm\" >Poland \u2013 The Three Partitions 1764-1795 \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/info-poland.buffalo.edu\/classroom\/1795\/demise.html\" >What led to Poland\u2019s demise in 1795? \u2013 Translated and adapted by Peter K. Gessner from a 1995 essay by Jan Tazbir in <em>Politica<\/em> \u2013 Buffalo.edu<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.zum.de\/whkmla\/region\/eceurope\/partitions.html\" >The Partition of Poland, 1772-1795 \u2013 ZUM.de<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/info-poland.buffalo.edu\/web\/history\/partitions\/link.shtml\" >Poland \u2013 The Period of Partitions (1772-1918) \u2013 Buffalo.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/etc.usf.edu\/maps\/pages\/3600\/3668\/3668.htm\" >Partitions of Poland \u2013 MAPS ETC \u2013 USF.edu<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1648\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Peace_of_Westphalia\" >Peace of Westphalia<\/a> is signed, marking the end of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Thirty_Years%27_War\" >Thirty Years\u2019 War<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Thirty Years\u2019 War:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/thirty-years-war\" >THIRTY YEARS\u2019 WAR \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Thirty-Years-War\" >Thirty Years\u2019 War \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/history.howstuffworks.com\/european-history\/thirty-years-war.htm\" >Thirty Years\u2019 War \u2013 HowStuffWorks.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pipeline.com\/%7Ecwa\/TYWHome.htm\" >THE THIRTY YEARS WAR \u2013 Pipeline.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/thirty-years-war.html\" >Thirty Years War \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.newadvent.org\/cathen\/14648b.htm\" >The Thirty Years War \u2013 NewAdvent.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historylearningsite.co.uk\/the-thirty-years-war\/\" >The Thirty Years War \u2013 The History Learning Site \u2013 HistoryLearningSite.co.uk<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Timeline of the Thirty Years\u2019 War:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.fsmitha.com\/h3\/h25-war.html\" >Thirty Years\u2019 War \u2013 MACROHISTORY AND WORLD TIMELINE<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/quatr.us\/moderneurope\/history\/30yearswar.htm\" >Thirty Years\u2019 War \u2013 Wars of Religion in Europe \u2013 Quatr.us<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/home.wlu.edu\/%7Epatchw\/His_101\/timeline_wars.htm\" >TIMELINE FOR THE THIRTY YEARS\u2019 WAR 1618-1648 \u2013 WLU.edu<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pipeline.com\/%7Ecwa\/Chronology.htm\" >CHRONOLOGY \u2013 Thirty Years\u2019 War \u2013 Pipeline.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/timelineindex.com\/content\/view\/1422\" >TIMELINE INDEX \u2013 The Thirty Years\u2019 War \u2013 TimelineIndex.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/worldhistoryproject.org\/topics\/thirty-years-war\" >Thirty Years War timeline \u2013 WorldHistoryProject.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Peace of Westphalia:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/thirty-years-war-ends\" >\u201c<em>The Treaty of Westphalia is signed, ending the Thirty Years War and radically shifting the balance of power in Europe<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 OCT 24, 1648: Thirty Years War ends \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Text of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/avalon.law.yale.edu\/17th_century\/westphal.asp\" >Peace of Westphalia \u2013 <em>Peace Treaty between the Holy Roman Emperor and the King of France and their respective Allies<\/em> \u2013 Avalon Project \u2013 Yale Law School<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/peaceofwestphalia.org\/\" >Everything Peace of Westphalia \u2013 PeaceOfWestphalia.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Peace-of-Westphalia\" >Peace of Westphalia \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/westphalia-peace-of.html\" >Westphalia, Peace of \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historytoday.com\/richard-cavendish\/treaty-westphalia\" >The Treaty of Westphalia \u2013 HistoryToday.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historylearningsite.co.uk\/the-thirty-years-war\/the-peace-of-westphalia\/\" >The Peace of Westphalia \u2013 The History Learning Site \u2013 HistoryLearningSite.co.uk<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pipeline.com\/%7Ecwa\/Westphalia_Phase.htm\" >THE LAST OF THE WAR AND THE PEACE OF WESTPHALIA \u2013 Pipeline.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.oxfordbibliographies.com\/view\/document\/obo-9780199743292\/obo-9780199743292-0073.xml\" >Peace of Westphalia (1648) \u2013 Oxford Bibliographies \u2013 OxfordBiliographies.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pages.uoregon.edu\/dluebke\/301ModernEurope\/Treaty%20of%20Westphalia%20%5BExcerpts%5D.pdf\" >The Peace of Westphalia \u2013 UOregon.edu \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cfr.org\/human-rights\/peace-westphalia\/p26091\" >Peace of Westphalia \u2013 Council on Foreign Relations \u2013 CFR.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Westphalian_sovereignty\" >Westphalian sovereignty \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heeve.com\/modern-history\/peace-of-westphalia.html\" >Peace of Westphalia \u2013 History Articles \u2013 Heeve.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>OCTOBER 25<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>2009\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/October_2009_Baghdad_bombings\" >October 2009 Baghdad bombings<\/a> kills 155 and wounds at least 721.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2004\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cuba\" >Cuban<\/a> President <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fidel_Castro\" >Fidel Castro<\/a> announces that transactions using the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/American_Dollar\" >American Dollar<\/a> will be banned.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1997\u00a0 <\/strong>After a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Republic_of_the_Congo_Civil_War\" >brief civil war<\/a> which has driven President <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pascal_Lissouba\" >Pascal Lissouba<\/a> out of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Brazzaville\" >Brazzaville<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Denis_Sassou_Nguesso\" >Denis Sassou Nguesso<\/a> proclaims himself the President of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Republic_of_the_Congo\" >Republic of the Congo<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1995\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1995_Fox_River_Grove_bus%E2%80%93train_collision\" >A commuter train slams into a school bus<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fox_River_Grove,_Illinois\" >Fox River Grove, Illinois<\/a>, killing seven students.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1991\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Slovenia\" >History of Slovenia<\/a>: Three months after the end of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ten-Day_War\" >Ten-Day War<\/a>, the last soldier of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yugoslav_People%27s_Army\" >Yugoslav People\u2019s Army<\/a> leaves the territory of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Republic_of_Slovenia\" >Republic of Slovenia<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Ten-Day War of Slovenia:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yugoslav_Wars\" >Yugoslav Wars \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.local-life.com\/ljubljana\/articles\/ten-day-war\" >Slovenian War of Independence \u2013 Local-Life.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/military.wikia.com\/wiki\/Ten-Day_War\" >Ten-Day War \u2013 Military.Wikia.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/study.com\/academy\/lesson\/the-ten-day-war-slovenian-independence.html\" >The \u2018Ten Day War\u2019 &amp; Slovenian Independence \u2013 Study.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ukessays.com\/essays\/history\/the-ten-day-war-a-brief-military-conflict-history-essay.php\" >The Ten Day War A Brief Military Conflict History Essay \u2013 UKEssay.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.loc.gov\/resource\/g6841sm.gct00210\/\" >Slovenia: The Ten Day War, June-July 1991 \u2013 Library of Congress \u2013 LoC.gov<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.onwar.com\/aced\/chrono\/c1900s\/yr90\/fslovenia1991.htm\" >SLOVENIAN WAR ON INDEPENDENCE 1991 \u2013 OnWar.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/onthisday\/hi\/dates\/stories\/june\/27\/newsid_2520000\/2520273.stm\" >1991: Yugoslav troops move against Slovenia \u2013 ON THIS DAY JUNE 26 \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/articles.orlandosentinel.com\/1991-06-28\/news\/9106280897_1_ljubljana-slovenia-federal-army\" >100 Yugoslavs Dead In \u2018War In Slovenia\u2019 \u2013 June 28, 1991 | By Los Angeles Time \u2013 Orland Sentinel \u2013 OrlandSentinel.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.liveleak.com\/view?i=f3a_1331222413\" >Slovenia war 1991 \u2013 LiveLeak.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of Slovenia:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Slovenia\" >History of Slovenia \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.slovenia.si\/slovenia\/history\/\" >Slovenia \u2013 History \u2013 Slovenia.si<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/slovenia\/history\" >Slovenia \u2013 History \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.destination360.com\/europe\/slovenia\/history\" >History of Slovenia \u2013 Destination360.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www2.arnes.si\/%7Ekrsrd1\/conference\/Speeches\/Granda_a_brief_history_of_slovenia.htm\" >A BRIEF HISTORY OF SLOVENIA, by Stane Granda \u2013 Arnes.si<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_Slovenian_history\" >Timeline of Slovenian history \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-europe-17847681\" >Slovenia profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Slovenia:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/geos\/si.html\" >Slovenia \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.un.org\/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=Slovenia\" >Slovenia \u2013 UN Data<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Slovenia\" >Slovenia \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/slovenia.html\" >Slovenia \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nationsonline.org\/oneworld\/slovenia.htm\" >Slovenia \u2013 NationsOnline.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-europe-17846376\" >Slovenia country profile \u2013 Overview \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Foreign Relations of Slovenia:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_Slovenia\" >Foreign relations of Slovenia \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mzz.gov.si\/en\" >SLOVENIA: MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/military\/world\/europe\/si-forrel.htm\" >Slovenia \u2013 Foreign Relations \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Slovenia%E2%80%93United_States_relations\" >Slovenia-United States relations \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/self.gutenberg.org\/article\/WHEBN0000027347\/Foreign%20relations%20of%20Slovenia\" >FOREIGN RELATIONS OF SLOVENIA \u2013 Self.Gutenberg.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/articles.latimes.com\/keyword\/slovenia-foreign-relations-europe\" >News Articles on the foreign relations of Slovenia \u2013 Los Angeles Times \u2013 LATimes.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Economy of Slovenia:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_Slovenia\" >Economy of Slovenia \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/finances.worldbank.org\/en\/countries\/Slovenia\" >Slovenia \u2013 Country Summary \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/slovenia\" >Slovenia \u2013 Data \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/slovenia\" >Slovenia \u2013 Index \u2013 THE HERITAGE FOUNDATION<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.slovenia.si\/business\/\" >Slovenia \u2013 Business \u2013 Slovenia.si<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1984\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1984_Soviet_nuclear_tests\" >(underground)<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Novaya_Zemlya\" >Novaya Zemlya<\/a> USSR.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>USSR Nuclear Tests in 1984:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1984_Soviet_nuclear_tests\" >1984 Soviet nuclear tests &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>USSR\u2019s Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovwpnprog.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/tests\/USSR-ntestsS.html\" >Database of nuclear tests, USSR\/Russia: overview \u2013 JohnstonArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Effect and\/or Impact of Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/page-3-effects-of-nuclear-weapon-testing-by-the-soviet-union\/\" >Page 3: Effects of Nuclear Weapon Testing by the Soviet Union \u2013 Economic, social, and environmental impacts \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/general-overview-of-theeffects-of-nuclear-testing\/\" >GENERAL OVERVIEW OF THE EFFECTS OF NUCLEAR TESTING \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/slashdot.org\/story\/13\/08\/20\/1738213\/the-secret-effort-to-clean-up-a-former-soviet-nuclear-test-site\" >The Secret Effort To Clean Up a Former Soviet Nuclear Test Site \u2013 Slashdot.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/citeseerx.ist.psu.edu\/viewdoc\/summary?doi=10.1.1.543.8580\" >A Review of Nuclear Testing by the Soviet Union at Novaya, by Vitaly I. Khalturin , Tatyana G. Rautian , Paul G. Richards , and William S. Leith \u2013 CiteSeerX- PSU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Underground Nuclear Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tightflash.org\/all_911\/third_truth\/nuclear_demolition_basic\/USGSOFR01312.pdf\" >The Containment of Soviet Underground Nuclear Explosions, by Vitaly V. Adshkin, and William Leith \u2013 OPEN FILE REPROT 01-312, September 2001 \u2013 US DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/srl.geoscienceworld.org\/content\/86\/2A\/451.full.pdf\" >Political Seismology or Seismological Politics: Natural Resources Defense Council \u2013 USSR Experiments in Underground Nuclear Test Verification, by Anna Amramina<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2013\/02\/11\/world\/asia\/north-korea-underground-explosion-explainer\/index.html\" >What happens with an underground nuclear test? , by Kevin Voigt \u2013 February 19, 2013 \u2013 CNN<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nnsa.energy.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/nv_sweis\/environmentalimpact\/v2\/Appendix%20H.pdf\" >APPENDIX H \u2013 UNDERGROUND NUCLEAR TESTING<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/gajitz.com\/buried-history-underground-nuclear-weapons-tests\/\" >Buried History: Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 GAJITZ.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theblogbelow.com\/2008\/07\/underground-nuclear-test.html\" >Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 TheBlogBelow.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ldeo.columbia.edu\/res\/pi\/Monitoring\/Arch\/BRV_arch_exp.html\" >Borovoye Archive Data from Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 Columbia.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/of\/1993\/0501\/report.pdf\" >Physical Environment of the Underground Nuclear Test Site on Novaya Zemlya, Russia, by John R. Matzko \u2013 Open-File Report 93-501- Reston, Virginia \u2013 1993 \u2013 THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOGRAPHICAL SURVEY<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Novaya Zemlya Nuclear Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/wmd\/world\/russia\/novaya_zemlya_nuc.htm\" >Novaya Zemlya \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.atlasobscura.com\/places\/novaya-zemlya\" >NOVAYA ZEMLYA \u2013 AtlasObscura.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.giantbomb.com\/novaya-zemlya\/3035-3167\/\" >Novaya Zemlya \u2013 GiantBomb.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.arkcode.com\/custom3_64.html\" >NOVA ZEMLYA (NOVAYA ZEMLYA) 58 MEGA TON H BOMB TEST \u2013 ArkCode.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nti.org\/facilities\/924\/\" >Central Test Site of Russia on Novaya Zemlya \u2013 NTI.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www1.american.edu\/ted\/ice\/novalya.htm\" >ICE Case Studies \u2013 Novaya Zemlya, by Carrie McVicker \u2013 American.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/earthobservatory.nasa.gov\/IOTD\/view.php?id=39591\" >Novaya Zemlya Archipelago \u2013 Image \u2013 NASA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/novayazemlya.net\/\" >Novaya Zemlya Archipelago \u2013 NovayaZemlya.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclear-risks.org\/en\/hibakusha-worldwide\/novaya-zemlya.html\" >Novaya Zemlya, Russia \u2013 Nuclear-Risks.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/tass.ru\/en\/russia\/743105\" >Novaya Zemlya: test site for most powerful nuclear bomb ever detonated \u2013 July 31, 2014 \u2013 TASS Russian News Agency<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclearno.com\/text.asp?11073\" >Novaya Zemlya: birds, animals adapt nuclear test site, by Tatyana Sinitsyna \u2013 RIA Novosti, Russia \u2013 15 August 2006<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1983\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Invasion_of_Grenada\" >Operation Urgent Fury<\/a>: The United States and its Caribbean allies invade <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Grenada\" >Grenada<\/a>, six days after <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Prime_Minister_of_Grenada\" >Prime Minister<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Maurice_Bishop\" >Maurice Bishop<\/a> and several of his supporters are <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Capital_punishment\" >executed<\/a> in a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Coup_d%27%C3%A9tat\" >coup d\u2019\u00e9tat<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1980\u00a0 <\/strong>Proceedings on the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hague_Convention_on_the_Civil_Aspects_of_International_Child_Abduction\" >Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction<\/a> conclude at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Hague\" >The Hague<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1979\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Underground_nuclear_weapons_testing\" >underground nuclear test<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>USSR Nuclear Tests in 1979:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1979_Soviet_nuclear_tests\" >1979 Soviet nuclear tests &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>USSR\u2019s Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovwpnprog.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/tests\/USSR-ntestsS.html\" >Database of nuclear tests, USSR\/Russia: overview \u2013 JohnstonArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Effect and\/or Impact of Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/page-3-effects-of-nuclear-weapon-testing-by-the-soviet-union\/\" >Page 3: Effects of Nuclear Weapon Testing by the Soviet Union \u2013 Economic, social, and environmental impacts \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/general-overview-of-theeffects-of-nuclear-testing\/\" >GENERAL OVERVIEW OF THE EFFECTS OF NUCLEAR TESTING \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/slashdot.org\/story\/13\/08\/20\/1738213\/the-secret-effort-to-clean-up-a-former-soviet-nuclear-test-site\" >The Secret Effort To Clean Up a Former Soviet Nuclear Test Site \u2013 Slashdot.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/citeseerx.ist.psu.edu\/viewdoc\/summary?doi=10.1.1.543.8580\" >A Review of Nuclear Testing by the Soviet Union at Novaya, by Vitaly I. Khalturin , Tatyana G. Rautian , Paul G. Richards , and William S. Leith \u2013 CiteSeerX- PSU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Underground Nuclear Tests:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tightflash.org\/all_911\/third_truth\/nuclear_demolition_basic\/USGSOFR01312.pdf\" >The Containment of Soviet Underground Nuclear Explosions, by Vitaly V. Adshkin, and William Leith \u2013 OPEN FILE REPROT 01-312, September 2001 \u2013 US DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/srl.geoscienceworld.org\/content\/86\/2A\/451.full.pdf\" >Political Seismology or Seismological Politics: Natural Resources Defense Council \u2013 USSR Experiments in Underground Nuclear Test Verification, by Anna Amramina<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2013\/02\/11\/world\/asia\/north-korea-underground-explosion-explainer\/index.html\" >What happens with an underground nuclear test? , by Kevin Voigt \u2013 February 19, 2013 \u2013 CNN<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nnsa.energy.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/nv_sweis\/environmentalimpact\/v2\/Appendix%20H.pdf\" >APPENDIX H \u2013 UNDERGROUND NUCLEAR TESTING<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/gajitz.com\/buried-history-underground-nuclear-weapons-tests\/\" >Buried History: Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 GAJITZ.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theblogbelow.com\/2008\/07\/underground-nuclear-test.html\" >Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 TheBlogBelow.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ldeo.columbia.edu\/res\/pi\/Monitoring\/Arch\/BRV_arch_exp.html\" >Borovoye Archive Data from Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 Columbia.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/of\/1993\/0501\/report.pdf\" >Physical Environment of the Underground Nuclear Test Site on Novaya Zemlya, Russia, by John R. Matzko \u2013 Open-File Report 93-501- Reston, Virginia \u2013 1993 \u2013 THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOGRAPHICAL SURVEY<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1977\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Digital_Equipment_Corporation\" >Digital Equipment Corporation<\/a> releases <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/OpenVMS\" >OpenVMS<\/a> V1.0.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1971\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Nations\" >United Nations<\/a> seats the People\u2019s Republic of China and expels the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Republic_of_China\" >Republic of China<\/a> (see <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Political_status_of_Taiwan\" >political status of Taiwan<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/China_and_the_United_Nations\" >China and the United Nations<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p><strong>1964\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Novaya_Zemlya\" >Novaya Zemlya<\/a> USSR.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><strong>For some more pertinent information, see <\/strong><\/em><strong>\u201c1984 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Novaya_Zemlya\" >Novaya Zemlya<\/a> USSR<strong>\u201d, <\/strong><em><strong>mentioned above<\/strong><\/em><strong>.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1962\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nelson_Mandela\" >Nelson Mandela<\/a> is sentenced to five years in prison.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>History of Apartheid (South Africa):<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/africanhistory.about.com\/od\/apartheid\/\" >\u201c<em>The Afrikaans word meaning \u2018separation\u2019, Apartheid was the racial, social policy introduced by the National Party government of South Africa in 1948<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Apartheid \u2013 About education \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www-cs-students.stanford.edu\/%7Ecale\/cs201\/apartheid.hist.html\" >The History of Apartheid in South Africa \u2013 Stanford.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Apartheid#Precursors\" >Precursors \u2013 Apartheid \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/South_African_general_election,_1948\" >South African general election, 1948 \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.co.uk\/study-topics\/history-of-south-africa\/apartheid\" >Apartheid \u2013 History of South Africa \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/racerelations.about.com\/od\/historyofracerelations\/fl\/A-Brief-History-of-South-African-Apartheid.htm\" >A Brief History of South African Apartheid \u2013 About education \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.south-africa-tours-and-travel.com\/apartheid.html\" >Brief history of Apartheid in South Africa \u2013 South-Africa-Tours-and-Travel.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sahistory.org.za\/article\/apartheid-and-reactions-it\" >\u201c<em>In 1948, the National Party (NP), representing Afrikaners, won the national election on a platform of racism and segregation under the slogan of \u2018apartheid\u2019. Apartheid built upon earlier laws, but made segregation more rigid and enforced it more aggressively<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Apartheid and reaction to it \u2013 SOUTH AFRICAN HISTORY ONLINE \u2013 SAHistory.org.za<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.com\/2013\/12\/05\/apartheid-history-timeline-nelson-mandela-death-dies-dead_n_3424291.html\" >Apartheid History Timeline: On Nelson Mandela\u2019s Death, A Look Back At South Africa\u2019s Legacy Of Racism (PHOTOS), by Kavitha A. Davidson \u2013 December 05, 2013 \u2013 HuffingtonPost.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/apartheid\/videos\" >APARTHEID \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/apartheid-history.html\" >Apartheid \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.blackpast.org\/gah\/apartheid-1948-1994\" >Apartheid (1948-1994) \u2013 BlackPast.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.southafrica.to\/history\/Apartheid\/apartheid.php\" >Apartheid South Africa \u2013 SouthAfrica.to<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/vanweringh8.wikispaces.com\/file\/view\/Handout+South+Africa+Apartheid.pdf\" >Apartheid in South Africa 1948-1994 \u2013 WikiSpaces.com \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.australia.edu\/Resources\/south-african-history-apartheid.html\" >South African History [Apartheid] \u2013 Australia.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1989-1992\/apartheid\" >MILESTONES: 1989-1992 \u2013 The End of Apartheid \u2013 OFFICE HISTORIAN \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tip.sas.upenn.edu\/curriculum\/units\/2013\/01\/13.01.05.pdf\" >The Struggle for Equity: Apartheid in South Africa, by Eilis Hood \u2013 UPenn.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/sites.library.northwestern.edu\/southafrica\/timeline\/\" >South Africa to the end of Apartheid (1625-1993) \u2013 Northwestern.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.softschools.com\/timelines\/apartheid_timeline\/44\/\" >Apartheid Timeline \u2013 SoftSchools.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1962\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Uganda\" >Uganda<\/a> joins the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Nations\" >United Nations<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Uganda:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/geos\/ug.html\" >Uganda \u2013 The World Factbook \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.un.org\/CountryProfile.aspx?crname=Uganda\" >Uganda \u2013 Data \u2013 UN Data<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/uganda.html\" >Uganda \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Uganda\" >Uganda \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-14107906\" >Uganda country profile \u2013 Overview \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Foreign Relations of Uganda:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/mofa.go.ug\/\" >REPUBLIC OF UGANDA \u2013 MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFIARS \u2013 Official Site<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_Uganda\" >Foreign relations of Uganda \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.gardeningillustratedmagazine.com\/q\/Foreign_relations_of_Uganda\" >Foreign relations of Uganda \u2013 GardeningIllustratedMagazine.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/uganda\/65.htm\" >Uganda \u2013 FOREIGN RELATIONS \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Uganda and the United Nations:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/newyork.mofa.go.ug\/\" >Permanent Mission of the Republic of Uganda to the United Nations \u2013 New York<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ugandamission.ch\/\" >Permanent Mission of the Republic of Uganda to the United Nations and Other International Organizations in Geneva<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/un-ug.org\/\" >United Nations \u2013 UGANDA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ug.undp.org\/\" >UNDP Uganda<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/Countries\/AFRICARegion\/Pages\/UGIndex.aspx\" >Uganda \u2013 United Nations Human Rights \u2013 Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of Uganda:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Uganda\" >History of Uganda \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyworld.net\/wrldhis\/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=ad22\" >HISTORY OF UGANDA \u2013 HistoryWorld.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thecommonwealth.org\/our-member-countries\/uganda\/history\" >Uganda: History \u2013 TheCommonWealth.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.our-africa.org\/uganda\/history-politics\" >History &amp; Politics \u2013 Uganda \u2013 Our-Africa.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.everyculture.com\/To-Z\/Uganda.html\" >Culture of Uganda \u2013 EveryCulture.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-14112446\" >Uganda profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Economy of Uganda:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/uganda-economy.html\" >Economy of Uganda \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/uganda-economy.html\" >Uganda \u2013 Economy \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/uganda\/37.htm\" >The Economy of Uganda \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/country\/uganda\" >Uganda \u2013 THE WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/uganda\" >Uganda \u2013 Data \u2013 THE WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.our-africa.org\/uganda\/economy-industry\" >Economy &amp; Industry \u2013 Uganda \u2013 Our-Africa.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1962\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cuban_Missile_Crisis\" >Cuban Missile Crisis<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Adlai_Stevenson_II\" >Adlai Stevenson<\/a> shows photos at a meeting of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Nations_Security_Council\" >United Nations Security Council<\/a> proving that <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soviet_Union\" >Soviet<\/a> missiles are installed in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cuba\" >Cuba<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Cuban Missile Crisis:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/cold-war\/cuban-missile-crisis\" >CUBAN MISSILE CR2SIS \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/microsites.jfklibrary.org\/cmc\/\" >THE WORLD ON THE BRINK \u2013 JFKLibrary.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jfklibrary.org\/JFK\/JFK-in-History\/Cuban-Missile-Crisis.aspx\" >Cuban Missile Crisis \u2013 JFKLibrary.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/edsitement.neh.gov\/lesson-plan\/missiles-october-cuban-missile-crisis-1962\" >The Cuban Missile Crisis, 1962: The Missile of October \u2013 NEH.gov<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/bos.sagepub.com\/content\/68\/6\/85.full\" >The Cuban Missile Crisis: A nuclear order of battle, October and November 1962 \u2013 SagePub.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/topics.nytimes.com\/top\/reference\/timestopics\/subjects\/c\/cuban_missile_crisis\/index.html\" >Cuban Missile Crisis \u2013 Articles about the Cuban Missile Crisis \u2013 The New York Times<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cubanmissilecrisis.org\/\" >Cuban Missile Crisis \u2013 Harvard Kennedy School \u2013 CubanMissileCrisis.org<\/a>, <em><strong>and<\/strong><\/em> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cubanmissilecrisis.org\/background\/\" >About the Crisis<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/1962\/oct\/28\/cuba\" >A chance to save the world \u2013 TheGuardian.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Timeline of the Cuban Missile Crisis:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.softschools.com\/timelines\/cuban_missile_crisis_timeline\/108\/\" >Cuban Missile Crisis Timeline \u2013 SoftSchool.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/worldhistoryproject.org\/topics\/cuban-missile-crisis\" >Cuban Missile Crisis timeline \u2013 WorldHistoryProject.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thecubancrisis.weebly.com\/timeline.html\" >The Cuban Missile Crisis \u2013 Weebly.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyofcuba.com\/history\/Crisis\/crisis2.htm\" >THE CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS TIMELINE \u2013 HistoryOfCuba.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/cubanmissilecrisiscjcummings.weebly.com\/13-days-of-crisis-timeline.html\" >13 DAYS OF CRISIS TIMELINE \u2013 Cuban Missile Crisis \u2013 Weebly.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/classroom.sdmesa.edu\/aoberbauer\/Shared%20Documents\/Cuban%20Missile%20Crisis_%20Timeline.pdf\" >Cuban Missile Crisis Timeline \u2013 SDMesa.edu \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1945\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Republic_of_China_%281912%E2%80%9349%29\" >Republic of China<\/a> takes over administration of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Taiwan\" >Taiwan<\/a> following Japan\u2019s surrender to <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Allies_of_World_War_II\" >the Allies<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1944\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_II\" >World War II<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Leyte_Gulf\" >Battle of Leyte Gulf<\/a> \u2014 the largest <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Naval_battle\" >naval battle<\/a> in history, takes place in and around the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Philippines\" >Philippines<\/a> between the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Imperial_Japanese_Navy\" >Imperial Japanese Navy<\/a> and the US Third and US Seventh Fleets. Afterward is the first Kamikaze attack of the war.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Kamikaze:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/first-kamikaze-attack-of-the-war-begins\" >OCT 25, 1944: THIS DAY IN HISTORY: First kamikaze attack begins \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/kamikaze\" >Kamikaze \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.airgroup4.com\/kamikaze.htm\" >Suicide Tactics: The Kamikaze during WWII, by Gerald W. Thomas, VT-4 \u2013 AirGroup4.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/warbirdforum.com\/kamikaze.htm\" >Why Kamikaze volunteered to die, by Yasuho Izawa \u2013 WarBirdForum.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.u-s-history.com\/pages\/h1740.html\" >\u201c<em>Transcend life and death. When you eliminate all thoughts about life and death, you will be able to totally disregard your earthly life<\/em>\u2026.\u201d \u2013 Kamikaze \u2013 U-S-History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/magazine-26256048\" >\u201c<em>\u2019Kamikaze\u2019 \u2013 it is a word that has become synonymous with all that is crazy, fanatical and self-destructive. I remember as a young schoolboy in Britain learning about the kamikaze pilots. To me, what they had done was inexplicable. For long afterwards, it coloured my view of Japan, and it left me with a nagging question: how did it happen? What caused thousands of ordinary young Japanese men to volunteer to kill themselves? I had long dreamed of asking a kamikaze pilot that question<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Remembering Japan\u2019s kamikaze pilots \u2013 26 February 2014 \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/academic.mu.edu\/meissnerd\/erickson.html\" >\u201c<em>This report will discuss several aspects of the Japanese kamikaze pilots of World War II. First, it will define the term \u201ckamikaze.\u201d It will then give a brief historical background on how that term came into existence in the Japanese culture<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Honor in Death: Kamikaze Pilots in WWII \u2013 MU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Battle of Leyte Gulf:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Be aware that the date of the commencement of the Battle of Leyte is different in accordance with some websites. For example, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Leyte\" >Battle of Leyte \u2013 Wikipedia indicates October 17, 1944<\/a>, while <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyofwar.org\/articles\/battles_leyte_gulf.html\" >HistoryOfWar.org writes, \u201cThe battle of Leyte Gulf (22-26 October 1944) was one of the largest and most complex naval battles in history\u2026\u201d<\/a>; <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Battle-of-Leyte-Gulf\" >Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a> indicates \u201cOctober 23, 1944\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/world-war-ii\/battle-of-leyte-gulf\" >Battle of Leyte Gulf \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/world-war-ii\/battle-of-leyte-gulf\/videos\" >BATTLE OF LEYTE GULF VIDEOS \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.army.mil\/brochures\/leyte\/leyte.htm\" >LEYTE \u2013 Army.mil<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyofwar.org\/articles\/battles_leyte_gulf.html\" >Battle of Leyte Gulf, 23-26 October 1944 \u2013 HistoryOfWar.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/military.wikia.com\/wiki\/Battle_of_Leyte\" >Battle of Leyte \u2013 Military.Wikia.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Battle-of-Leyte-Gulf\" >Battle of Leyte Gulf \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.u-s-history.com\/pages\/h1757.html\" >Battle of Leyte Gulf \u2013 U-S-History.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/wgbh\/amex\/macarthur\/maps\/leyte01.html\" >WWII: Battle for Leyte \u2013 AMERICAN EXPERIENCE \u2013 PBS.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/totallyhistory.com\/battle-of-leyte\/\" >Battle for Leyte \u2013 TotallyHistory.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nationalinterest.org\/feature\/the-death-the-japanese-empire-remembering-the-battle-leyte-11505\" >The Death of the Japanese Empire: Remembering the Battle of Leyte Gulf \u2013 The National Interest \u2013 NationalInterest.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/militaryhistory.about.com\/od\/worldwari1\/p\/leytegulf.htm\" >World War II: Battle of Leyte Gulf \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/combinedfleet.com\/battles\/Leyte_Campaign\" >Leyte Naval Battles \u2013 CombinedFleet.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Timeline of the Leyte Gulf:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/sunnycv.com\/steve\/WW2Timeline\/LUTZ\/leyte.html\" >The End of the Japanese Navy: The Battle of Leyte Gulf \u2013 Timeline \u2013 SunnyCV.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/battle0fleytegulf.weebly.com\/timeline.html\" >The Battle of Leyte Gulf Timeline \u2013 BATTLE OF LEYTE GULF, by Melissa Flint &amp; Rachel Lin \u2013 Weebly.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1944\u00a0 <\/strong>The Romanian city of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Carei\" >Carei<\/a> is liberated by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Romania\" >Romanian<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soviet\" >Soviet<\/a> forces from <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nazi\" >Nazi<\/a>\u2013<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kingdom_of_Hungary\" >Hungarian<\/a> occupation.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1944\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Heinrich_Himmler\" >Heinrich Himmler<\/a> orders a crackdown on the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Edelweiss_Pirates\" >Edelweiss Pirates<\/a>, a loosely organized <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Youth_culture\" >youth culture<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nazi_Germany\" >Nazi Germany<\/a> that had assisted army deserters and others to hide from the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Third_Reich\" >Third Reich<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1940\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Benjamin_O._Davis,_Sr.\" >Benjamin O Davis, Sr.<\/a> is named the first <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/African_American\" >African American<\/a> general in the United States Army.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1938\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Archbishop_of_Dubuque\" >Archbishop of Dubuque<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Francis_Beckman\" >Francis J. L. Beckman<\/a>, denounces <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Swing_music\" >swing music<\/a> as \u201ca degenerated musical system\u2026 turned loose to gnaw away at the moral fiber of young people\u201d, warning that it leads down a \u201cprimrose path to <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hell\" >hell<\/a>\u201c. His warning is widely ignored.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1927\u00a0 <\/strong>The Italian luxury liner <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SS_Principessa_Mafalda\" >SS <em>Principessa Mafalda<\/em><\/a> sinks off the coast of Brazil, killing 314.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1924\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zinoviev_letter\" >Zinoviev letter<\/a>, which Zinoviev himself denied writing, is published in the <em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Daily_Mail\" >Daily Mail<\/a><\/em>. The Labour party would later blame this letter for the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Conservative_Party_%28UK%29\" >Conservatives<\/a>\u2018 landslide election win.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1920\u00a0 <\/strong>After 74 days on <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hunger_strike\" >hunger strike<\/a> in Brixton Prison, England, the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sinn_F%C3%A9in\" >Sinn F\u00e9in<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lord_Mayor_of_Cork\" >Lord Mayor of Cork<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Terence_MacSwiney\" >Terence MacSwiney<\/a> dies.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1917\u00a0 <\/strong>Traditionally understood date of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/October_Revolution\" >October Revolution<\/a>, involving the capture of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Winter_Palace\" >Winter Palace<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Petrograd\" >Petrograd<\/a>, Russia. The date refers to the Julian Calendar date, and corresponds with November 7 in the Gregorian calendar.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1900\u00a0 <\/strong>The United Kingdom annexes the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Transvaal_Colony\" >Transvaal<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Transvaal:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Transvaal\" >Transvaal \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/transvaal.html\" >Transvaal \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.encyclopedia.com\/topic\/Transvaal.aspx\" >Transvaal \u2013 Encyclopedia.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/autocww.colorado.edu\/%7Eflc\/E64ContentFiles\/AfricanHistory\/Transvaal.html\" >Transvaal \u2013 Colorado.edu<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu\/webbin\/book\/browse?type=lcsubc&amp;key=Transvaal%20%28South%20Africa%29%20--%20History\" >Transvaal \u2013 Online Books Page<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of Transvaal:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/transvaal-history.html\" >Transvaal \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/britishempire.co.uk\/maproom\/transvaal.htm\" >Transvaal \u2013 Brief History \u2013 BritishEmpire.co.uk<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/althistory.wikia.com\/wiki\/Transvaal_Republic_%28Austria_and_others%29\" >Transvaal Republic (Austria and others) \u2013 Wikia.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lionsworld.co.za\/history.asp\" >History of Transvaal \u2013 LionsWorld.co.za<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1861\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Toronto_Stock_Exchange\" >Toronto Stock Exchange<\/a> is created.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1854\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Balaclava\" >Battle of Balaclava<\/a> during the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crimean_War\" >Crimean War<\/a> (<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Charge_of_the_Light_Brigade\" >Charge of the Light Brigade<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Battle of Balaclava:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Battle-of-Balaklava\" >Battle of Balaclava \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/military.wikia.com\/wiki\/Battle_of_Balaclava\" >Battle of Balaclava \u2013 Military.Wikia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyofwar.org\/articles\/battles_balaclava.html\" >Battle of Balaclava October 25, 1854 \u2013 HistoryOfWar.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/militaryhistory.about.com\/od\/battleswars1800s\/p\/balaclava.htm\" >Crimean War: Battle of Balaclava \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britishbattles.com\/crimean-war\/balaclava.htm\" >Battle of Balaclava \u2013 BritishBattles.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/charge-of-the-light-brigade\" >\u201c<em>The British were winning the Battle of Balaclava when Cardigan received his order to attack the Russians. His cavalry gallantly charged down the valley and were decimated by the heavy Russian guns, suffering 40 percent casualties<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Charge of the Light of the Brigade \u2013 OCT 25, 1854: THIS DAY IN HISTORY \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nationalarchives.gov.uk\/battles\/crimea\/battle.htm\" >The Battle of Balaklava, Crimea 1854 \u2013 British Battles \u2013 NationalArchives.gov.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Crimean War:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/british-history\/crimean-war\" >CRIMEAN WAR \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Crimean-War\" >Crimean War 1953-1856 \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyofwar.org\/articles\/wars_crimean.html\" >Crimean War 1853-1856 \u2013 HistoryOfWar.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/history\/british\/victorians\/crimea_01.shtml\" >The Crimean War \u2013 History \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyworld.net\/wrldhis\/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=aa47\" >THE HISTORY OF THE CRIMEAN WAR \u2013 HistoryWorld.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.preceden.com\/timelines\/33371-cause-of-the-crimean-war\" >The Cause of the Crimean War \u2013 Preceden.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/hereandnow.wbur.org\/2014\/03\/13\/history-crimean-war\" >How The Crimean War Still Echoes Today \u2013 March 13, 2014 \u2013 Here&amp;Now \u2013 WBUR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Timeline of Crimean War:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.russianwarrior.com\/STMMain.htm?1854_crimeanhist.htm&amp;1\" >Timeline of Crimean War (1853-1856) \u2013 RussianWarrior.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyworld.net\/timesearch\/default.asp?conid=static_timeline&amp;timelineid=315&amp;page=1&amp;keywords=Crimean+War+timeline\" >Crimean War Timeline \u2013 HistoryWorld.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of Crimea:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Crimea\" >Crimea \u2013 Encyclopedia Briatannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Crimea\" >History of Crimea \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/ukraine\/crimea\/history\" >Crimea \u2013 History \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/crimea-history.html\" >Crimea \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.voanews.com\/content\/the-history-of-crimea---in-brief-\/1860431.html\" >A Brief History of Crimea \u2013 Voice of America \u2013 VOANews.com<\/a>, <em><strong>and\/or <\/strong><\/em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.voanews.com\/content\/crimeas-complicated-history-in-brief\/1865120.html\" >Crimea\u2019s Complicated History in Brief \u2013 Voice of America \u2013 VOANews.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.blacksea-crimea.com\/history1.html\" >Black Sea \u2013 Crimea \u2013 History \u2013 BlackSea-Crimea.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/news.nationalgeographic.com\/news\/2014\/03\/140305-maps-crimea-history-russia-ukraine\/\" >300 Years of Embattled Crimea in 6 Maps \u2013 National Geographic \u2013 NationalGeographic.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1822\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Greek_War_of_Independence\" >Greek War of Independence<\/a>: The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/First_Siege_of_Missolonghi\" >First Siege of Missolonghi<\/a> begins.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Greek War of Independence:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/War-of-Greek-Independence\" >War of Greek Independence \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.crwflags.com\/fotw\/flags\/gr_indep.html\" >Greece: War of Independence (1821-1829) \u2013 CRWFlags.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/military.wikia.com\/wiki\/Greek_War_of_Independence\" >Greek War of Independence \u2013 Military.Wikia.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.athensinfoguide.com\/history\/t8-3independence.htm\" >Greek War of Independence \u2013 HISTORY OF ATHENS \u2013 ATHENS INFO GUIDE<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.onwar.com\/aced\/chrono\/c1800s\/yr20\/fgreece1821.htm\" >GREEK WAR OF INDPENDENCE 1821-1832 \u2013 OnWar.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.angelfire.com\/ga\/cfuvgreekradio\/Independence.html\" >WAR OF INDEPENDENCE \u2013 Angelfire.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.funillustratedmagazine.com\/q\/Greek__War__of__Independence\" >Greek War of Independence \u2013 FunIllustratedMagazine.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Greek_Constitution_of_1822\" >Greek Constitution of 1822 \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Modern History of Greece:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_modern_Greece\" >History of modern Greece \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/video.minpress.gr\/wwwminpress\/aboutgreece\/aboutgreece_history.pdf\" >HISTORY OF MODERN GREECE, by S. Petmezas \u2013 MinPress.gr \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.in2greece.com\/english\/historymyth\/history\/general\/modern.htm\" >History of modern Greece \u2013 In2Greece.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mlahanas.de\/Greece\/History\/ModernHistory.html\" >History of modern Greece \u2013 MLAHANAS.de<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/greece-history.html\" >Greece \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1812\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/War_of_1812\" >War of 1812<\/a>: The American frigate, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/USS_United_States_%281797%29\" >USS\u00a0<em>United States<\/em><\/a>, commanded by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Stephen_Decatur\" >Stephen Decatur<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/USS_United_States_vs_HMS_Macedonian\" >captures<\/a> the British frigate <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/HMS_Macedonian\" >HMS\u00a0<em>Macedonian<\/em><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>War of 1812:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/war-of-1812\" >WAR OF 1812 \u2013 history.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/War_of_1812\" >War of 1812 \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/militaryhistory.about.com\/od\/warof1812\/tp\/war-of-1812-overview.htm\" >The War of 1812 101: An Overview \u2013 by Kennedy Hickman \u2013 about education \u2013 about.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.loc.gov\/rr\/program\/bib\/1812\/\" >A Guide to the War of 1812 \u2013 loc.gov<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/ussconstitutionmuseum.org\/about-us\/bicentennial\/short-history-1812\/\" >Short History of the War of 1812 \u2013 ussconstitutionmuseum.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/amhistory.si.edu\/starspangledbanner\/the-war-of-1812.aspx\" >The War of 1812 \u2013 si.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historynet.com\/war-of-1812\" >War Of 1812 \u2013 historynet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/wned\/war-of-1812\/home\/\" >The War of 1812 \u2013 pbs.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.archives.gov\/research\/military\/war-of-1812\/index.html\" >Military Resources: War of 1812 \u2013 archives.gov<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Timelines of the War of 1812:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/wned\/war-of-1812\/timeline\/\" >War of 1812 Timeline Major Events \u2013 pbs.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/americanhistory.about.com\/od\/warof1812\/a\/war-of-1812-timeline.htm\" >Timeline of the War of 1812 \u2013 by Martin Kelly \u2013 about education \u2013 about.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.softschools.com\/timelines\/war_of_1812_timeline\/100\/\" >War of 1812 Timeline \u2013 softschools.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.warof1812.ca\/1812events.htm\" >Causes and Events of the War of 1812: A Timeline \u2013 THE WAR OF 1812 \u2013 warof1812.ca<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.shmoop.com\/war-1812\/timeline.html\" >THE WAR OF 1812 \u2013 shmoop.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/media.timetoast.com\/timelines\/the-war-of-1812--271\" >The War of 1812 \u2013 timetoast.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thefreeresource.com\/war-of-1812-causes-timeline-summary-and-resources-about-the-battles\/\" >War of 1812: Causes, Timeline, Summary, and Resources \u2013 thefreeresource.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.campaign1776.org\/war-of-1812\/war-of-1812-timeline.html\" >Timeline: War of 1812 \u2013 campaign1776.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>OCTOBER 26<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>2014 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Kingdom\" >Britain<\/a> withdraws from <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Afghanistan\" >Afghanistan<\/a> after the end of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Operation_Herrick\" >Operation Herrick<\/a> which started on June 20, 2002 after 12 years four months and seven days.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Operation Herrick:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Operation_Herrick\" >Operation Herrick \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.army.mod.uk\/operations-deployments\/22800.aspx\" >UK Forces \u2013 Operation Herrick \u2013 army.mod.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.raf.mod.uk\/currentoperations\/herrick-afghanistan.cfm\" >Operation Herrick, Afghanistan \u2013 ref.mod.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.airfix.com\/uk-en\/shop\/themes\/operation-herrick-afghanistan.html\" >Operation Herrick, Afghanistan \u2013 airfix.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Operation_Herrick_order_of_battle\" >Operation Herrick order of battle \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Strategy_for_Operation_Herrick\" >Strategy for Operation Herrick \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/guidance\/uk-forces-operations-in-afghanistan\" >UK forces: operations in Afghanistan \u2013 gov.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.royal-irish.com\/events\/operation-herrick-afghanistan\" >Operation HERRICK Afghanistan \u2013 royal-irish.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_military_operations_in_the_war_in_Afghanistan_(2001%E2%80%932014)\" >List of operations in the war in Afghanistan (2001-2014) &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Britain\u2019s War in Afghanistan:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.usatoday.com\/story\/news\/world\/2014\/10\/26\/britain-afghanistan-camp-bastion-us-marines\/17952857\/\" >Britain\u2019s war in Afghanistan officially ends \u2013 by Kim Hjemdgaard \u2013 October 26, 2014 \u2013 usatoday.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/asia\/afghanistan\/11188222\/Last-British-combat-troops-leave-Helmand-within-days.html\" >Britain\u2019s 13-year war in Afghanistan comes to an end \u2013 telegraph.co.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/asia\/afghanistan\/11377817\/Britains-war-in-Afghanistan-was-it-worth-it.html\" >Britain\u2019s war in Afghanistan: was it worth it? \u2013 by Theo Farrell \u2013 30 Jan 2015 \u2013 telegraph.co.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Classified Documents on the War in Afghanistan:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldcantwait.net\/index.php\/wikileaks\/6541-nearly-92000-classified-documents-leaked-expose-truth-of-afghan-war\" >Nearly 92.000 Classified Documents Leaked, Exposed Truth of Afghan War \u2013 WorldCantWait.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/atwar.blogs.nytimes.com\/2010\/07\/25\/the-war-logs\/\" >The War Logs: Reaction to Disclosure of Military Documents on Afghan War, by The New York Times \u2013 AtWar.Blogs.NYTimes.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.slate.com\/articles\/news_and_politics\/war_stories\/2010\/07\/not_the_pentagon_papers.html\" >No one who\u2019s been paying attention should be surprised by the Wikileaks documents about the war in Afghanistan. \u2013 Slate.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2010\/jul\/25\/afghanistan-war-logs-military-leaks\" >\u201c<em>A huge cache of secret US military files today provides a devastating portrait of the failing war in Afghanistan, revealing how coalition forces have killed hundreds of civilians in unreported incidents<\/em>\u2026\u201d \u2013 Afghanistan war logs: Massive leak of secret files exposes truth of occupation \u2013 TheGuaridan.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>US Invasion of Afghanistan \u2013 War in Afghanistan:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/War_in_Afghanistan_%282001%E2%80%9314%29#U.S._invasion_of_Afghanistan\" >US invasion of Afghanistan \u2013 War in Afghanistan (2001-2014) \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Invasions_of_Afghanistan#Invasion_by_the_United_States_and_NATO\" >Invasion by the United States and NATO \u2013 Invasions of Afghanistan \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cfr.org\/afghanistan\/us-war-afghanistan\/p20018\" >US War in Afghanistan \u2013 Council on Foreign Affairs \u2013 CFR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/ohiohistorycentral.org\/w\/United_States\" >United States\u2019 Invasion of Afghanistan \u2013 OhioHistoryCentral.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historycommons.org\/timeline.jsp?timeline=afghanwar_tmln&amp;afghanwar_tmln_us_invasion__occupation\" >War in Afghanistan, US Invasion, Occupation of Afghanistan \u2013 HistoryCommons.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Afghanistan-War\" >Afghanistan War (2001-2014), by Griff Witte \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/the-war-in-afghanistan-a-timeline\/\" >War in Afghanistan \u2013 A Timeline \u2013 December 1, 2009 \u2013 CBSNews.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Why Did the US Invade Afghanistan? :<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rain.org.za\/why-did-the-united-states-invade-afghanistan\/\" >Why Did the United States Invade Afghanistan? , by Tim Kelly \u2013 RAIN.org.za<\/a>, <strong><em>or<\/em><\/strong> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/jamiat.org.za\/why-did-the-united-states-invade-afghanistan\/\" >the same article on this website of Jamiatul Ulama \u2013 Jamiat.org.za<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalresearch.ca\/did-9-11-justify-the-war-in-afghanistan\/19891\" >Did 9\/11 Justify the War in Afghanistan? , by David Ray Griffin \u2013 25 June 2005 \u2013 GlobalResearch.ca<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theblackmosaic.com\/invasion-of-afghanistan-war-on-terror_why\/\" >Invasion of Afghanistan \u2013 \u2018War on Terror\u2019 \u2013 Why \u2013 TheBlackMosaic.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/dissidentvoice.org\/2013\/04\/why-is-the-united-states-really-in-afghanistan-2\/\" >Why is the United States Really in Afghanistan? , by Howard Uhal \u2013 April 17, 2013 \u2013 DissidentVoice.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.trustineducation.org\/why-afghanistan\/afghanistan-why-should-anyone-care\/\" >Why Afghanistan? \u2013 Trust in Education \u2013 TrustInEducation.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.weegy.com\/?ConversationId=B172FCAB\" >Why did the United States invade Afghanistan in 2001? (a)to respond to terrorist attacks on U.S. territory (B to protect neighboring countries from a likely invasion (C to prevent a communist \u2013 Question and answer \u2013 Weegy.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li>YouTube video (9 min. 10 sec.) <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=eWPxL7bDpFI\" >The REAL reasons behind The US led invasion of Afghanistan and Pakistan<\/a><\/li>\n<li>YouTube video (4 min. 13 sec.) <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=D2LdiwdYHQM\" >Why us invaded afghanistan<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Behind the Official Reasons for the Invasion of Afghanistan:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/revolutionarydemocracy.org\/rdv8n1\/oilnln.htm\" >The US War in Afghanistan and the Grab for Central Asia Oil \u2013 RevolutionaryDemocracy.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalresearch.ca\/the-war-is-worth-waging-afghanistan-s-vast-reserves-of-minerals-and-natural-gas\/19769\" >\u201cThe War is Worth Waging\u201d: Afghanistan\u2019s Vast Reserves of Minerals and Natural Gas, by Michel Chossudovsky \u2013 16 June 2010 \u2013 GlobalResearch.ca<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ringnebula.com\/Oil\/Timeline.htm\" >A TIMELINE OF OIL AND VIOLENCE \u2013 AFGHANISTAN \u2013 RingNebula.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historycommons.org\/timeline.jsp?timeline=complete_911_timeline&amp;before_9\/11=pipelinePolitics\" >Complete 911 Timeline \u2013 Pipeline Politics \u2013 HistoryCommons.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/liesofbush.com\/Afghanistan.shtml\" >Afghanistan \u2013 LiesOfBush.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.courtfool.info\/en_Pipelines_to_9_11.htm\" >Pipelines to 9\/11, by Rudo de Ruijter \u2013 CourtFool.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li>YouTube video (5 min. 15 sec.) <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=Ten4KqM3GYA\" >Did We Invade Afghanistan to Build a Gas Pipeline?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.counterpunch.org\/2001\/10\/23\/afghanistan-war-and-oil\/\" >Afghanistan \u2013 War and Oil, by George Monbiot \u2013 October 23, 2001 \u2013 CounterPunch.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theinsider.org\/news\/article.asp?id=234\" >Afghanistan oil pipeline construction starts \u2013 TheInsider.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/mom.gov.af\/en\/page\/4750\" >A Brief History of Natural Gas in Afghanistan \u2013 Ministry of Mines and Petroleum of Afghanistan \u2013 MOM.gov.af<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.wanttoknow.info\/020318chicagotribune.shtml\" >US Bases in Afghanistan and Oil Pipeline Politics \u2013 WantToKnow.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.clydefitchreport.com\/2012\/05\/afghanistan-plan-a-pipeline-an-invasion-a-pipeline-and-an-exodus\/\" >Afghanistan: A Pipeline, an Invasion, a Pipeline, an \u201cExodus\u201d , by By Roger Armbrust \u2013 May 21 2012 \u2013 The Clyde Fitch Report \u2013 ClydeFitchReport.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/2\/hi\/business\/1984459.stm\" >Afghanistan plans gas pipeline \u2013 Monday, 13 May 2002 \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/creative.sulekha.com\/gas-pipeline-mineral-deposits-the-real-reasons-for-us-occupation-of-afghanistan_490572_blog\" >Gas Pipeline, Mineral Deposits \u2013 the Real Reasons for US Occupation of Afghanistan \u2013 9 Years Of US Lies And Failure in Afghanistan \u2013 10\/14\/10 \u2013 Sulekha.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/whatreallyhappened.com\/WRHARTICLES\/oil.html\" >IT\u2019S ALL ABOUT OIL \u2013 1998 Unocal Statement: Suspenstion of activities of related to proposed natural gas pipeline across Afghanistan \u2013 WhatReallyHappened.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.washingtonsblog.com\/2012\/10\/the-wars-in-the-middle-east-and-north-africa-are-not-just-about-oil-theyre-also-about-gas.html\" >A Primer On the REAL Global Geopolitical Battle \u2013 October 8, 2012- WashingtonsBlog.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/oct\/23\/afghanistan.terrorism11\" >America\u2019s pipeline dream, by George Monbiot \u2013 October 23, 2001 \u2013 TheGuardian.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thedebate.org\/thedebate\/afghanistan.asp\" >IN 1998 AMERICA WANTED NEW GOVERNMENT IN AFGHANISTAN TO ALLOW CONSTRUCTION OF OIL PIPELINE \u2013 THEDEBATE.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Turkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India_Pipeline\" >Turkmenistan\u2013Afghanistan\u2013Pakistan\u2013India Pipeline (TAPI) \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.viewzone.com\/pipeline.html\" >Why did the US really go to war? \u2013 Pipeline to 911 \u2013 ViewZone.com<\/a>9<\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.911myths.com\/html\/9_11_and_the_afghan_pipeline.html\" >9\/11 and Afghan pipeline \u2013 911myths.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.wsws.org\/en\/articles\/2001\/11\/afgh-n20.html\" >US planned war in Afghanistan long before September 11, by Patrick Martin \u2013 20 November 2001 \u2013 WSWS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.commondreams.org\/views\/2010\/09\/20\/trans-afghanistan-pipeline-still-dream\" >Trans-Afghanistan Pipeline Still a Dream, by Tel Roll \u2013 Monday, September 20, 2010 \u2013 CommonDreams.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rt.com\/op-edge\/202479-tapi-pipeline-gas-afghanistan-security\/\" >TAPI project or the future of Afghanistan \u2013 RT.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pakistaneconomist.com\/issue2002\/issue23\/f&amp;m.htm\" >PAKISTAN, AFGHANISTAN AND TURKMENISTAN GAS PIPELINE \u2013 June 10 \u2013 16, 2002 \u2013 Finance &amp; Markets \u2013 PakistanEconomist.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/rawa.org\/temp\/runews\/2010\/05\/22\/russia-china-iran-defeat-u-s-in-the-pipeline-wars.html\" >\u201cWhile the West kills thousands of civilians in Afghanistan and Pakistan and ravages both countries, Russia, China and Iran are acquiring the crucial energy riches of Central Asia and the Caspian area without firing a shot.\u201d \u2013 <strong>Russia, China, Iran defeat US in the \u201cpipeline wars\u201d<\/strong> , by Asad Ismi \u2013 The Reality of Life in Afghanistan \u2013 RAWA.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fpif.org\/afghanistans_energy_war\/\" >\u201cA little-noted energy agenda moving rapidly forward in Afghanistan could exacerbate insecurity and instability, and ensure a prolonged U.S. and foreign military presence.\u201d \u2013 <strong>Afghanistan\u2019s Energy War<\/strong>, by Antonia Juhasz and Shukria Dellawar, October 5, 2011 \u2013 Foreign Policy in Focus \u2013 FPIF.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nsnbc.me\/2013\/04\/05\/the-afghanistan-war-afghanistans-vast-reserves-of-minerals-and-natural-gas\/\" >The Afghanistan War: Afghanistan\u2019s Vast Reserves of Minerals and Natural Gas \u2013 Michel Chossudovsky (CRG) \u2013 Friday, April. 5, 2013 \u2013 NSNBC.me<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.oilempire.us\/afghanistan.html\" >Afghanistan \u2013 poppies, pipelines, Al Qaeda and control of Eurasia \u2013 OilEmpire.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalresearch.ca\/afghanistan-energy-geopolitics-and-the-tapi-pipeline\/18329\" >Afghanistan, Energy Geopolitics and the TAPI Pipeline, by John Foster \u2013 23 March 2010 \u2013 GlobalResearch.ca<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.alternet.org\/story\/139983\/pipeline-istan%3A_everything_you_need_to_know_about_oil%2C_gas%2C_russia%2C_china%2C_iran%2C_afghanistan_and_obama\/\" >Pipeline-Istan: Everything You Need to Know About Oil, Gas, Russia, China, Iran, Afghanistan and Obama, by Pepe Escobar \u2013 Alternet.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ensec.org\/index.php?option=com_content&amp;id=233:afghanistan-the-tapi-pipeline-and-energy-geopolitics&amp;catid=103:energysecurityissuecontent&amp;Itemid=358\" >Afghanistan, the TAPI Pipeline, and Energy Geopolitics, by John Foster \u2013 Tuesday, 23 March 2010 \u2013 Journal of Energy Security \u2013 ENSEC.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Afghanistan:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/geos\/af.html\" >AFGHANISTAN \u2013 WORLD FACTBOOK \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.un.org\/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=Afghanistan\" >Afghanistan \u2013 UN Data<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Afghanistan\" >Afghanistan \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/afghanistan.html\" >Afghanistan \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>History of Afghanistan:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Afghanistan\" >History of Afghanistan \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/afghanistan-history.html\" >Afghanistan \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.afghangovernment.com\/briefhistory.htm\" >A Brief History of Afghanistan: By Adam Ritscher \u2013 AfghanGovernment.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyworld.net\/wrldhis\/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=ad09\" >HISTORY OF AFGHANISTAN \u2013 HistoryWorld.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/afghanistan\/history\" >Afghanistan \u2013 History \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/asianhistory.about.com\/od\/afghanista1\/p\/ProfAfghanistan.htm\" >Afghanistan | Facts and History \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/newshour\/updates\/asia-jan-june11-timeline-afghanistan\/\" >A Historical Timeline of Afghanistan \u2013 PBS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.afghan-web.com\/history\/chron\/index.html\" >Chronological History of Afghanistan \u2013 Afghan-Web.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-south-asia-12024253\" >Afghanistan profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Economy of Afghanistan:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_Afghanistan\" >Economy of Afghanistan \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/country\/afghanistan\" >Afghanistan \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/afghanistan\" >Afghanistan \u2013 Data \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.adb.org\/countries\/afghanistan\/economy\" >Afghanistan: Economy \u2013 Asian Development Bank \u2013 ADB.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/afghanistan\" >Afghanistan \u2013 Index \u2013 THE HERITAGE FOUNDATION<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/afghanistan-economy.html\" >Afghanistan \u2013 Economy \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.afghanistans.com\/Information\/Economy\/default.htm\" >Afghanistan \u2013 Economy \u2013 Afghanistan\u2019s Economy<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2003\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cedar_Fire\" >Cedar Fire<\/a>, the second-largest fire in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/California\" >California<\/a> history, kills 15 people, consumes 250,000 acres (1,000\u00a0km<sup>2<\/sup>), and destroys 2,200 homes around <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/San_Diego\" >San Diego<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2002\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moscow_theater_hostage_crisis\" >Moscow theater hostage crisis<\/a>: Approximately 50 <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chechnya\" >Chechen<\/a> terrorists and 150 hostages die when Russian <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Spetsnaz\" >Spetsnaz<\/a> storm a theater building in Moscow, which had been occupied by the terrorists during a musical performance three days before.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2001\u00a0 <\/strong>The United States passes the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/USA_PATRIOT_Act\" >USA PATRIOT Act<\/a> into law.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2000\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Laurent_Gbagbo\" >Laurent Gbagbo<\/a> takes over as president of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire\" >C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire<\/a> following a popular uprising against President <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Robert_Gu%C3%A9%C3%AF\" >Robert Gu\u00e9\u00ef<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1995\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Israeli%E2%80%93Palestinian_conflict\" >Israeli\u2013Palestinian conflict<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mossad\" >Mossad<\/a> agents assassinate <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Islamic_Jihad_Movement_in_Palestine\" >Islamic Jihad<\/a> leader <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fathi_Shaqaqi\" >Fathi Shaqaqi<\/a> in his hotel in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Malta\" >Malta<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1994\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jordan\" >Jordan<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Israel\" >Israel<\/a> sign <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Israel%E2%80%93Jordan_peace_treaty\" >a peace treaty<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1992\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/London_Ambulance_Service\" >London Ambulance Service<\/a> is thrown into chaos after the implementation of a new <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Computer-assisted_dispatch\" >CAD<\/a>, or Computer Aided Dispatch, system which failed.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1992\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Charlottetown_Accord\" >Charlottetown Accord<\/a> fails to win majority support in a Canada wide <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Referendum\" >referendum<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1985\u00a0 <\/strong>The Australian government returns ownership of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Uluru\" >Uluru<\/a> to the local <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pitjantjatjara\" >Pitjantjatjara<\/a> Aborigines.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1984\u00a0 <\/strong>\u201c<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Baby_Fae\" >Baby Fae<\/a>\u201d receives a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Heart_transplant\" >heart transplant<\/a> from a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Baboon\" >baboon<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1983\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> at Eastern Kazakh\/<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Semipalatinsk_Test_Site\" >Semipalatinsk<\/a> USSR.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>USSR Nuclear Tests in 1983:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1983_Soviet_nuclear_tests\" >1983 Soviet nuclear tests &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>USSR\u2019s Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovwpnprog.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/tests\/USSR-ntestsS.html\" >Database of nuclear tests, USSR\/Russia: overview \u2013 JohnstonArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Effect and\/or Impact of Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/page-3-effects-of-nuclear-weapon-testing-by-the-soviet-union\/\" >Page 3: Effects of Nuclear Weapon Testing by the Soviet Union \u2013 Economic, social, and environmental impacts \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/general-overview-of-theeffects-of-nuclear-testing\/\" >GENERAL OVERVIEW OF THE EFFECTS OF NUCLEAR TESTING \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/slashdot.org\/story\/13\/08\/20\/1738213\/the-secret-effort-to-clean-up-a-former-soviet-nuclear-test-site\" >The Secret Effort To Clean Up a Former Soviet Nuclear Test Site \u2013 Slashdot.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/citeseerx.ist.psu.edu\/viewdoc\/summary?doi=10.1.1.543.8580\" >A Review of Nuclear Testing by the Soviet Union at Novaya, by Vitaly I. Khalturin , Tatyana G. Rautian , Paul G. Richards , and William S. Leith \u2013 CiteSeerX- PSU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Underground Nuclear Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tightflash.org\/all_911\/third_truth\/nuclear_demolition_basic\/USGSOFR01312.pdf\" >The Containment of Soviet Underground Nuclear Explosions, by Vitaly V. Adshkin, and William Leith \u2013 OPEN FILE REPROT 01-312, September 2001 \u2013 US DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/srl.geoscienceworld.org\/content\/86\/2A\/451.full.pdf\" >Political Seismology or Seismological Politics: Natural Resources Defense Council \u2013 USSR Experiments in Underground Nuclear Test Verification, by Anna Amramina<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2013\/02\/11\/world\/asia\/north-korea-underground-explosion-explainer\/index.html\" >What happens with an underground nuclear test? , by Kevin Voigt \u2013 February 19, 2013 \u2013 CNN<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nnsa.energy.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/nv_sweis\/environmentalimpact\/v2\/Appendix%20H.pdf\" >APPENDIX H \u2013 UNDERGROUND NUCLEAR TESTING<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/gajitz.com\/buried-history-underground-nuclear-weapons-tests\/\" >Buried History: Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 GAJITZ.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theblogbelow.com\/2008\/07\/underground-nuclear-test.html\" >Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 TheBlogBelow.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ldeo.columbia.edu\/res\/pi\/Monitoring\/Arch\/BRV_arch_exp.html\" >Borovoye Archive Data from Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 Columbia.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/of\/1993\/0501\/report.pdf\" >Physical Environment of the Underground Nuclear Test Site on Novaya Zemlya, Russia, by John R. Matzko \u2013 Open-File Report 93-501- Reston, Virginia \u2013 1993 \u2013 THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOGRAPHICAL SURVEY<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.boston.com\/bigpicture\/2009\/11\/kazakhstans_radioactive_legacy.html\" >Kazakhstan\u2019s radioactive legacy \u2013 Boston.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/wn.com\/semipalatinsk_test_site\" >\u201cMy home: nuclear base Semipalatinsk \u2013 21\u201d, Episode 02 \u201cMain Testing Field\u201d (Video: 3 min. 14 sec.) \u2013 WN.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/soviet_nuclear_testing_semipalatinsk_20th_anniversary\/24311518.html\" >Slow Death In Kazakhstan\u2019s Land Of Nuclear Tests \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/carlwillis.wordpress.com\/2012\/08\/13\/visit-to-the-semipalatinsk-nuclear-test-site\/\" >Visit to the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 SPEICAL NUCLEAR MATERIAL<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www-ns.iaea.org\/appraisals\/semipalatinsk.asp\" >The Semipalatinsk Test Site, Kazakhstan \u2013 IAEA.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nti.org\/facilities\/732\/\" >Semipalatinsk Test Site \u2013 NTI.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/io9.com\/5988266\/the-tragic-story-of-the-semipalatinsk-nuclear-test-site\" >The Tragic Story of the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site, by Vincze Mikl\u00f3s \u2013 io9.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/Sixty_Years_After_First_Soviet_Nuclear_Test_Legacy_Of_Misery_Lives_On\/1809712.html\" >60 Years After First Soviet Nuclear Test, Legacy Of Misery Lives On In Kazakhstan \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty \u2013 Monday, August 10, 2015 \u2013 RFERL.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/2\/hi\/8236431.stm\" >Soviet nuclear tests leave Kazakh fallout \u2013 Sunday, 6 September 2009 \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/wp-dyn\/content\/story\/2010\/02\/24\/ST2010022403314.html?sid=ST2010022403314\" >In Kazakhstan, the race for uranium goes nuclear, by Philip P. Pan \u2013 Thursday, February 25, 2005 \u2013 The Washington Post<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclearno.com\/text.asp?17456\" >Secrets of Semipalatinsk: How nuclear theft was averted in Central Asia \u2013 NuclearNo.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/listverse.com\/2012\/05\/15\/top-10-nuclear-test-sites\/\" >Top 10 Nuclear Test Sites, Michael Affleck, May 15, 2012 \u2013 Our World \u2013 ListVerse.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Health, and Ecological Issues in Kazakhstan\/Semipalatinsk:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/reference.allrefer.com\/country-guide-study\/kazakhstan\/kazakhstan17.html\" >Kazakstan\/Kazakhstan \u2013 Environmental Problems \u2013 Reference.AllRefer.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclear-risks.org\/fileadmin\/user_upload\/pdfs\/HBWW_EN\/Semipalatinsk_EN_web.pdf\" >\u201cIn Semipalatinsk, the local population was exposed to high levels of radioactivity from nuclear weapon tests for several decades\u2026\u201d \u2013 Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: Nuclear test site \u2013 Nuclear-Risk.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/large.stanford.edu\/courses\/2014\/ph241\/powell2\/docs\/vakulchuk.pdf\" >Semipalatinsk nuclear testing: the humanitarian consequences \u2013 Norwegian Institute of International Affairs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclearfiles.org\/menu\/key-issues\/nuclear-weapons\/issues\/testing\/PDFs\/JC-143920%5B1%5D.pdf\" >Radionuclide Contamination at Kazakhstan\u2019s Semipalatinsk Test Site Implications on Human and Ecological Heath, by T.M. Carlsen, L.E. Peterson, B.A. Ulsh, C.A. Werner, K.L.Purvis, A.C. Sharber<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.irpa.net\/irpa10\/cdrom\/00504.pdf\" >Radiation Exposure on Residents due to Semipalatinsk Nuclear Tests \u2013 IRPA.net<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nukefreetexas.org\/downloads\/plutominum_uranium_semipalatinsk_test_site.pdf\" >Plutonium and Uranium in Human Bones from Areas surrounding the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 NukeFreeTexas.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.csmonitor.com\/World\/Asia-South-Central\/2013\/0828\/Secrets-of-Semipalatinsk-How-nuclear-theft-was-averted-in-Central-Asia\" >\u201cTheir research done on sample villages near the test site found cancer mortality rates 2-1\/2 times greater than those in a control village. The agency says some 356,000 people face radiation risk, with 70 percent of those being descendants of exposed villagers\u2026\u201d \u2013 Secrets of Semipalatinsk: How nuclear theft was averted in Central Asia \u2013 The Christian Science Monitor<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/cajgh.pitt.edu\/ojs\/index.php\/cajgh\/article\/view\/127\/0\" >Studies of Health Effects from Nuclear Testing near the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site Kazakhstan, by Bernd Grosche, Tamara Zhunussova, Kazbek Apsalikov, Ausrele Kesminiene<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.idosi.org\/wasj\/wasj23%285%2913\/19.pdf\" >Information Report on Biological Studies Conducted At the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 IDOSI.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/europepmc.org\/articles\/PMC3866702\" >Mortality from Cardiovascular Disease in the Semipalatinsk Historical Cohort, 1960 \u2013 1999, and its Relationship to Radiation Exposure \u2013 Europe PubMed Central<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1979\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Park_Chung-hee\" >Park Chung-hee<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/President_of_South_Korea\" >President of South Korea<\/a> is <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Assassination_of_Park_Chung-hee\" >assassinated<\/a> by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Korean_Central_Intelligence_Agency\" >Korean Central Intelligence Agency<\/a> head <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kim_Jae-gyu\" >Kim Jae-gyu<\/a>. <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Choi_Kyu-hah\" >Choi Kyu-hah<\/a> becomes the acting President; Kim is executed the following <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/May\" >May<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1977\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-united-states-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >US performs nuclear test<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.onlinenevada.org\/articles\/underground-nuclear-testing-nevada-test-site\" >(underground)<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nevada_Test_Site\" >Nevada Test Site<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>US Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_United_States\" >List of the nuclear weapons tests of the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nuclear_weapons_and_the_United_States\" >Nuclear Weapons and the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.atomcentral.com\/the-cold-war.aspx\" >The Cold War \u2013 AtomCentral.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Nuclear Weapons and the United States:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nuclear_weapons_and_the_United_States\" >Nuclear Weapons and the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/us\/2014\/231697.htm\" >Nuclear Weapons Testing: History, Progress, Challenges: Verifications and Entry into Force of the CTBT \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/avc\/rls\/202015.htm\" >US Nuclear Weapons Stockpile Life Extension Programs \u2013 January 3, 2013 \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/research\/articles\/2014\/04\/28-50-nuclear-facts\" >50 Facts About US Nuclear Weapons Today \u2013 April 28, 2014 \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/research\/lecture\/2012\/08\/the-future-of-the-us-nuclear-triad\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Program, by Michaela Dodge \u2013 The Heritage Foundation<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.armscontrol.org\/act\/1997_05\/nas\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Policy \u2013 Arms Control Association<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252183576_The_Future_of_the_U.S._Nuclear_Weapons_Program\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Program, by Linton F. Brooks \u2013 ResearchGate.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/us\/2014\/233254.htm\" >US Nuclear Weapons Policy in the 21<sup>st<\/sup> Century \u2013 Rose Gottemoeller, Under Secretary\u00a0for Arms Control and International Security, \u00a0Dixie State University, St. George, Utah \u2013 October 21, 2014 \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Nevada Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fas.org\/nuke\/guide\/usa\/facility\/nts.htm\" >NEVADA TEST SITE \u2013 FAS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/wmd\/facility\/nts.htm\" >NEVADA TEST SITE \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.onlinenevada.org\/articles\/nevada-test-site-overview\" >Nevada Test Site Overview \u2013 OnlineNevada.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/about\/projects\/archive\/nucweapons\/nts\" >Nuclear testing at the Nevada Test Site \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/toxipedia.org\/display\/wanmec\/Nevada+Test+Site\" >Nevada Test Site \u2013 Toxipedia.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/digital.library.unlv.edu\/ntsohp\/\" >Nevada Test Site \u2013 Oral History Project<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/archure.net\/liberty\/nukenevada.html\" >NUKE TESTING in NEVADA \u2013 Archure.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nv.doe.gov\/library\/publications\/Environmental\/DOENV_11718_594.pdf\" >ECOLOGY OF THE NEVADA TEST SITE: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nevadatestsite.info\/\" >Nevada Test Site Workers Exposed to Radiation \u2013 National Cancer Benefits Center \u2013 NevadaTestSite.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/about\/projects\/archive\/nucweapons\/50\" >50 Facts About the US Nuclear Weapons \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Usa\/Tests\/\" >Gallery of US Nuclear Tests \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.acq.osd.mil\/ncbdp\/nm\/nm_book_5_11\/index.htm\" >The Nuclear Matters Handbook<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Ecological and Health Issues in and around the Nevada Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/cdclv.unlv.edu\/healthnv\/environment.html\" >Environment and the Quality of Life in Nevada \u2013 UNLV.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nv.doe.gov\/library\/publications\/Environmental\/DOENV_11718_594.pdf\" ><em>ECONLGOY OF THE NEVADA TEST SITE: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY WITH NARRATIVE SUMMARY, KEY WORD INDEX, AND SPECIES LISTS<\/em> \u2013 DOE\/NEV\/11718-594<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.osti.gov\/scitech\/biblio\/6458066\" ><em>Nevada Applied Ecology Information Center: a review of technical information support provided to the Nevada Applied Ecology Group<\/em> \u2013 Sci-Tech Connect<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/ecologycenter.org\/terrainmagazine\/summer-2002\/sovereignty-at-shoshone-mountain\/\" >\u201c<em>Between 1951 and 1992, the United States bombed its own soil with nuclear weapons \u2014 945 times. All but 17 of those explosions took place on a stretch of basin-and-range desert northwest of Las Vegas called the Nevada Test Site (NTS),\u2026<\/em>\u201d \u2013 Sovereignty at Shoshone Mountain \u2013 EcologyCenter.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.princeton.edu\/%7Eota\/disk1\/1989\/8909\/8909.PDF\" ><em>The Containment of Underground Nuclear Explosions<\/em> \u2013 Princeton.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nevadatestsite.info\/\" >Nevada Test Site Workers Exposed to Radiation \u2013 National Cancer Benefits Center<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1977\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ali_Maow_Maalin\" >Ali Maow Maalin<\/a>, the last natural case of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Smallpox\" >smallpox<\/a>, develops rash in Merca district, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Somalia\" >Somalia<\/a>. The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_Health_Organization\" >World Health Organization<\/a> and the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Centers_for_Disease_Control_and_Prevention\" >Centers for Disease Control and Prevention<\/a> consider this date the anniversary of the eradication of smallpox, the most spectacular success of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vaccination\" >vaccination<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1973\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> at Eastern Kazakh\/<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Semipalatinsk_Test_Site\" >Semipalitinsk<\/a> USSR.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>For some more information, see <\/em>\u201c<strong>1983 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> at Eastern Kazakh\/<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Semipalatinsk_Test_Site\" >Semipalitinsk<\/a> USSR,\u201d <em>mentioned above.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1970\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Muhammad_Ali\" >Muhammad Ali<\/a> faces off against <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jerry_Quarry\" >Jerry Quarry<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atlanta,_Georgia\" >Atlanta, Georgia<\/a> for the first time after Ali\u2019s three-year hiatus from evading to be <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Conscription\" >drafted<\/a> in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vietnam_War\" >Vietnam War<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Muhammad Ali (a.k.a. Cassius Clay):<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/muhammadali.com\/\" >MUHAMMAD ALI 1942-2016 \u2013 muhammadali.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.biography.com\/people\/muhammad-ali-9181165\" >Muhammad Ali \u2013 biography.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/black-history\/muhammad-ali\" >MUHAMMAD ALI \u2013 history.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.courier-journal.com\/story\/opinion\/editorials\/2016\/06\/12\/editorial-cassius-clay-and-muhammad-ali\/85639986\/\" >Editorial | Cassius Clay, Muhammad Ali and the CJ \u2013 June 14, 2016 \u2013 courier-journal.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/korisnik\/Documents\/%E2%80%93%20Sports%20Illustrated\" >A child of contradiction, Muhammad Ali was an essential American \u2013 by Charles P. Pierce \u2013 June 4<sup>th<\/sup>, 2016 \u2013 Sports Illustrated \u2013 si.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2016\/06\/10\/sports\/muhammad-ali-name-cassius-clay-newspapers.html?_r=0\" >In the Ring, He was Ali, but in the Newspapers, He Was Still Clay \u2013 by Victor Mather \u2013 June 9, 2016 \u2013 The New York Times \u2013 nytimes.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Muhammad Ali and Conscientious Objection:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.amnesty.org\/en\/latest\/news\/2016\/06\/muhammad-ali-the-worlds-greatest-conscientious-objector\/\" >Muhammad Ali: the world\u2019s greatest conscientious objector \u2013 14 June 2016 \u2013 amnesty.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/bjconline.org\/muhammad-ali-took-conscientious-objector-fight-to-the-supreme-court-060416\/\" >Muhammad Ali Took Conscientious Objector Fight to the Supreme Court \u2013 Jun 4, 2016 \u2013 bjconline.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.scotusblog.com\/2016\/06\/muhammad-ali-conscientious-objection-and-the-supreme-courts-struggle-to-understand-jihad-and-holy-war-the-story-of-cassius-clay-v-united-states\/\" >Muhammad Ali, conscientious objection, and the Supreme Court\u2019s struggle to understand \u201cjihad\u201d and \u201choly war\u201d: The story of Cassius Clay v. United States \u2013 by Marty Lederman \u2013 Wed., June 8th, 2016 \u2013 scotusblog.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.msnbc.com\/msnbc-news\/watch\/muhammad-ali-conscientious-objector-698832451576\" >Muhammad Ali, conscientious objector \u2013 6\/4\/16 \u2013 msnbc.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/aavw.org\/protest\/ali_alivus_abstract08.html\" >Supreme Court. CLAY, aka ALI v. UNITED STATES. Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1971. \u2013 aavw.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/rehmat1.com\/2013\/02\/01\/muhammad-ali-a-courageous-conscientious-objector\/\" >\u201cOn January 31, 2013 \u2013 veteran Israeli journalist and author, Gideon Levy, wrote at daily Ha\u2019aretz: \u201cWhen (Israel\u2019s new rising politician) Yair Lapid says he admires Muhammad Ali, he should remember why Ali became a role model. The boxer was a courageous conscientious objector, exactly the kind that Lapid, would surely find appalling\u201c. Frankly, I have not heard of a single \u201cconscientious objector\u201d among the 4 million Zionist Jews living inside Israel \u2013 or for that matter among Jewish leaders around the world.\u201d- Muhammad Ali: \u2018A courageous conscientious objector\u2019 \u2013 February 1, 2013 \u2013 rahmat1.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.reddit.com\/r\/badhistory\/comments\/35cj4s\/muhammad_ali_conscientious_objector_everyone_else\/\" >\u201cOne of the contentious issues in deciding who is a \u201cdraft dodger\u201d and who is not. It\u2019s a derisive term, of course, meant to denigrate and deride those who, for whatever reason, don\u2019t serve in their country\u2019s draft. In the context of the Vietnam War, it applies to a whole host of men who chose to run to Canada, go to prison, or just not show up when they were supposed to, and who did so for a wide variety of reasons. For my post, I\u2019m going to say that a draft dodger is a person who, when called for the draft or when called to register for the draft, does not show up. Feel free to disagree with my definition if you\u2019d like.\u201d \u2013 Muhammad Ali: Conscientious Objector. Everyone else: Draft Dodger \u2013 reddit.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Conscientious Objection and Objector:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/conscientious-objector-wins-medal-of-honor\" >OCT 12, 1945: ON THIS DAY IN HISTORY: Conscientious objector wins Medal of Honor \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/girightshotline.org\/en\/military-knowledge-base\/topic\/conscientious-objection-discharge\" >Conscientious Objector Fact Sheet \u2013 GIRightsHotline.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.scn.org\/IP\/sdmcc\/co.htm\" >Who is a Conscientious Objector? \u2013 SCN.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/conscientious-objector.html\" >Conscientious objector \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/conscientious-objector\" >Conscientious objector \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/isme.tamu.edu\/ISME08\/Robinson08.html\" >Integrity and Selective Conscientious Objection, by Paul Robinson \u2013 Graduate School of Public and International Affairs \u2013 University of Ottawa \u2013 TAMU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>History of Conscientious Objection:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.swarthmore.edu\/library\/peace\/conscientiousobjection\/co%20website\/pages\/HistoryNew.htm\" >BRIEF HISTORY OF CONSCIENTIOUS OBJECTION \u2013 Primary Sources for Research \u2013 Smarthmore.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/pov\/soldiersofconscience\/special_background.php\" >History of Conscientious Objection in the United States \u2013 Backgrounder: Soldiers at War \u2013 PBS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/history.blog.gov.uk\/2014\/09\/30\/conscription-and-conscientious-objection\/\" >Conscription and Conscientious Objection, by Lucy Harris \u2013 30 September 2014 \u2013 History of government<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nationalpeacemuseum.org\/history.html\" >The History of Conscientious Objection \u2013 THE NATIONAL PEACE MUSEUM OF CONSCIENTIOUS OBJECTION AND ANTI-WAR ACTIVISM \u2013 NationalPeaceMuseum.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nzhistory.net.nz\/war\/first-world-war\/conscientious-objection\" >Conscientious objection \u2013 New Zealand History \u2013 NZHistory.net.nz<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mybrethren.org\/history\/framcons.htm\" >Conscientious Objection to Bearing Arms: <em>1943<\/em> \u2013 MyBrethren.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1968\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soviet_Union\" >Soviet<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cosmonaut\" >cosmonaut<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Georgy_Beregovoy\" >Georgy Beregovoy<\/a> pilots <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soyuz_3\" >Soyuz 3<\/a> into space for a four-day mission.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1967\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mohammad_Reza_Pahlavi\" >Mohammad Reza Pahlavi<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Coronation\" >crowns<\/a> himself Emperor of Iran and then crowns his wife <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Farah_Pahlavi\" >Farah<\/a> Empress of Iran.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1964\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eric_Edgar_Cooke\" >Eric Edgar Cooke<\/a> becomes last person in Western Australia to be executed.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1963\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-united-states-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >US performs underground nuclear test<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fallon,_Nevada#Nuclear_weapons_testing\" >near Fallon, Nevada<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Project Shoal:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Project_Shoal\" >\u201c<em><strong>Project Shoal<\/strong><\/em><em> was an underground nuclear test that took place on October 26, 1963 within the Sand Springs Range, approximately 30 miles (48\u00a0km) southeast of Fallon, Nevada<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Project Shoal \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/ndep.nv.gov\/shoal\/PSA.htm\" >PROJECT SHOAL \u2013 October 26, 1963 \u2013 nv.gov<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Environmental and Pertinent Issues of the Shoal, Fallon Test Site:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lm.doe.gov\/Considered_Sites\/S\/Shoal_Test_Site_-_NV_03\/NV_03-1.pdf\" >EVALUATION OF THE PROJECT TEST SITE SHOAL: FALLON, NEVADA FOR DISPOSITION, INCLUDING IDENTIFICATION OF RESTRICTIONS, by M.C. Gardner, and W.E. Nork; April 1970, Contract AT (29-2) 1229 \u2013 US ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSIONS OFFICE, LAS VAGAS, NEVADA \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/archive.rgj.com\/article\/20131027\/LIV\/310270017\/Underground-atomic-bomb-test-detonated-near-Fallon-1963\" >\u201c<em>Southern Nevada, of course, had the Nevada Test Site where all above-ground tests were done. But Nevada also was the site of underground tests. One was the Project Shoal site near Fallon and the other was the Faultless site northeast of Warm Springs<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Underground atomic test detonated near Fallon in 1963 \u2013 RGJ.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.clui.org\/ludb\/site\/shoal-nuclear-test-site\" >\u201c<em>One of two major underground nuclear tests in Nevada that were performed off the Nevada Test Site. Conducted in 1963, Shoal was an experiment to study earthquake effects<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 SHOAL NUCLEAR TEST SITE \u2013 THE CENTER FOR LAND USE INTERPRETATION<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ndep.nv.gov\/shoal\/shoal1.htm\" >\u201c<em>On October 26, 1963, the Department of Defense (DoD) and the Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) (now known as the U. S. Department of Energy (DOE)) detonated a nuclear device with a total yield of 12 kilotons at a depth of 1,204 feet below ground surface in the solid granite of the Sand Springs Range southeast of Fallon, Nevada. Radiological contamination of groundwater resulted from the test. Today, scientists and engineers, contracted by DOE, are working to identify the risks where radiological contamination exists in groundwater, predict the movement of the contaminated groundwater, and define the extent of migration of the radionuclides released during testing<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Nevada Division of Environmental Protection Bureau of Federal Facilities \u2013 nv.gov<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/wmd\/library\/report\/enviro\/eis-0243\/eis0243_b.html\" >\u201c<em>Preparation of an Environmental Impact Statement for the Nevada Test Site and Other Off-Site Test Locations Within the State of Nevada<\/em>\u201d \u2013 FEDERAL REIGSTER VOL. 59, NO. 153 \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1962\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-united-states-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >US performs<\/a> atmospheric nuclear test at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Johnston_Atoll\" >Johnston Island<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Nuclear Tests by the United States:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/general-overview-of-theeffects-of-nuclear-testing\/\" >GENERAL OVERVIEW OF THE EFFECTS OF NUCLEAR TESTING \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.atomcentral.com\/the-cold-war.aspx\" >The Cold War \u2013 AtomCentral.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_United_States\" >List of the nuclear weapons tests of the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Operation_Argus\" >Operation Argus \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Usa\/Tests\/\" >Gallery of US Nuclear Tests \u2013 NuclearArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.atomicarchive.com\/Almanac\/Testing.shtml\" >Nuclear Test Sites \u2013 AtomicArchive.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fas.org\/nuke\/guide\/usa\/nuclear\/nv209nar.pdf\" >United States Nuclear Tests: July 1945 Through September 1992 \u2013 FAS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Atmospheric\/High-altitude Nuclear Explosion Testing:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/High-altitude_nuclear_explosion\" >Atmospheric nuclear explosion \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/hane.html\" >High-altitude nuclear explosions, by Wm Robert Johnston \u2013 JohnstonsArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/history-of-nuclear-testing\/types-of-nuclear-weapons-tests\/\" >\u201c<em>Atmospheric testing refers to explosions which take place in the atmosphere<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 TYPES OF NUCLEA WEAPONS TESTS \u2013 CTBTO.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Johnston Atoll:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Johnston-Atoll\" >Johnston Atoll \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cma.army.mil\/fndocumentviewer.aspx?docid=003673775\" >An Ecological Assessment of Johnston Atoll \u2013 Army.mil<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Various Weapons Tests and Storage at Johnston Atoll, and Permanent Contamination:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/wmd\/facility\/johnston_atoll.htm\" >Johnston Atoll, and Kalama Atoll \u2013 WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/app.nimia.com\/video\/188781\/south-pacific-nuclear-tests-on-johnston-island-i-6\" >South Pacific tests on Johnston Island in 1951 \u2013 NIMIA.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nova.edu\/ncri\/11icrs\/proceedings\/files\/m23-13.pdf\" >Contaminants in Fishes from Johnston Atoll, by L. Kerr Lobel and P.S. Lobel \u2013 Boston University, Department of Biology<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/home.earthlink.net\/%7Erobertbfish\/id19.html\" >\u201c<em>During the Cold War era, the US Air Force used JI <\/em>[Johnston Island]<em> to support several highly classified missions. In the early 1960\u2019s, it was involved with Operation Dominic, which tested a primitive anti-ballistic missile system as well as the impact of EMP on military command and control systems<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Johnstone Island, by Bob Fish \u2013 EarthLink.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dodlegacy.org\/Legacy\/project\/productdocs\/2008%20Lobels%20ch%2017_sm_b884f77c-3e42-4ea2-ab14-26e9772bd358.pdf\" >Aspects of the Biology and Geomorphology of Johnston and Wake Atolls, Pacific Ocean, by Philp S. Lobel and Lisa Kerr Lobel \u2013 DODLegacy.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.parsons.com\/Media%20Library\/0903_CSDP.pdf\" >\u201c<em>Construction began on a Parsons-designed prototype full-scale chemical weapons incinerator at Johnston Island in the South Pacific Ocean<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program (CSDP) \u2013 Parsons.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2003\/01\/27\/us\/radioactive-dump-on-pacific-wildlife-refuge-raises-liability-concerns.html\" >\u201c<em>In the 1950\u2019s and 60\u2019s, the United States Air Force conducted 12 test launchings of nuclear missiles on tiny Johnston Atoll in the Pacific Ocean. In 1962, two of the shots were aborted and the missiles exploded over the runway, drenching the area in radioactive contaminants<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Radioactive Dump on Pacific Wildlife Refuge Raises Liability Concerns, by Katharine Q. Seelye \u2013 January 27, 2003 \u2013 The New York Times<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/afspacemuseum.org\/johnston\/\" >Johnston Island \u2013 Air Force Space &amp; Missile Museum<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/biologywriter.com\/backgrounder\/bioterror\/bioterror4\/\" >\u201c<em>At sunset one quiet July day an armada of ships was positioned in the ocean waters around Johnston Atoll, upwind from a line of barges with hundreds of cages containing Rhesus monkeys on their decks (figure 4)<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Bio Terror 4 \u2013 BiologyWriter \u2013 BiologyWriter.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/geos\/print_um.html\" >Johnston Atoll: \u201c<em>The site was used for high-altitude nuclear tests in the 1950s and 1960s. Until late in 2000 the atoll was maintained as a storage and disposal site for chemical weapons. Munitions destruction, cleanup, and closure of the facility were completed by May 2005<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 THE UNITED STATES PACIFIC ISLAND WILD LIFE REFUGES \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nautilus.org\/apsnet\/cleaning-up-johnston-atoll\/\" >Cleaning up Johnston Atoll \u2013 Nautilus Institute<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/ajw.asahi.com\/article\/forum\/security_and_territorial_issues\/japan_us\/AJ201503270059\" >South Pacific islands fell victim to tragedy of nuclear tests \u2013 March 27, 2015 \u2013 The Asahi Shimbun<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.war-stories.com\/ws-ao-johnston-island-1-1972.htm\" >AGENT ORANGE \u2013 Johnston Island, AFB \u2013 War-Stories.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.truth-out.org\/news\/item\/16945-deny-deny-until-all-the-veterans-die-pentagon-investigation-into-agent-orange-on-okinawa\" >\u201c<em>Another issue addressed by the investigation was a 2003 U.S. Army report \u2013 titled \u201cAn Ecological Assessment of Johnston Atoll\u201d \u2013 which stated that 25,000 barrels of Agent Orange had been on Okinawa prior to 1972<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Deny, Deny Until All the Veterans Die\u201d \u2013 Pentagon Investigation into Agent Orange in Okinawa \u2013 Truth-Out.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.guamagentorange.info\/yahoo_site_admin\/assets\/docs\/AgentOrange-JI.133194419.pdf\" >Summary Document: Agent Orange at Johnston Island \u2013 GuamAgentOrange.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.skyscanner.net\/news\/14-worlds-most-amazing-abandoned-airports\" >Johnston Atoll Airport, USA \u2013 <em>14 of the world\u2019s most amazing abandoned airports<\/em> \u2013 SkyScanner.net<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.guamagentorange.info\/yahoo_site_admin\/assets\/docs\/Johnston_Atoll_History.261114404.pdf\" >HISTORY OF JOHNSTON ATOLL \u2013 GuamAgentOrange.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www1.american.edu\/ted\/ice\/johns.htm\" >Case Name: Johnston Atoll Chemical Waste \u2013 Chemical Weapons Disposal Dispute \u2013 TED Case Study<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.urbanghostsmedia.com\/2010\/04\/isolated-and-abandoned-military-airbase-johnston-atoll\/\" >Johnstone Atoll: An Isolated and Abandoned Military Air Base in the Mid Pacific Ocean \u2013 8 April 2010 \u2013 UrganGhostsMedia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.thelivingmoon.com\/45jack_files\/03files\/Johnston_Atoll.html\" >Secret Bases \u2013 Johnston Atoll \u2013 TheLivingMoon.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jason-stevens.com\/2010\/07\/the-forgotten-island-of-johnston-atoll\/\" >The Forgotten Atoll of Johnston Atoll \u2013 Jason-Sevens.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/johnstonmemories.com\/\" >History of Johnston Island \u2013 Johnston Memories<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Nuclear Weapons and the United States:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nuclear_weapons_and_the_United_States\" >Nuclear Weapons and the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/us\/2014\/231697.htm\" >Nuclear Weapons Testing: History, Progress, Challenges: Verifications and Entry into Force of the CTBT \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/avc\/rls\/202015.htm\" >US Nuclear Weapons Stockpile Life Extension Programs \u2013 January 3, 2013 \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/research\/articles\/2014\/04\/28-50-nuclear-facts\" >50 Facts About US Nuclear Weapons Today \u2013 April 28, 2014 \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/research\/lecture\/2012\/08\/the-future-of-the-us-nuclear-triad\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Program, by Michaela Dodge \u2013 The Heritage Foundation<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.armscontrol.org\/act\/1997_05\/nas\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Policy \u2013 Arms Control Association<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252183576_The_Future_of_the_U.S._Nuclear_Weapons_Program\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Program, by Linton F. Brooks \u2013 ResearchGate.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/us\/2014\/233254.htm\" >US Nuclear Weapons Policy in the 21<sup>st<\/sup> Century \u2013 Rose Gottemoeller, Under Secretary\u00a0for Arms Control and International Security, \u00a0Dixie State University, St. George, Utah \u2013 October 21, 2014 \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1958\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pan_American_World_Airways\" >Pan American Airways<\/a> makes the first commercial flight of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Boeing_707\" >Boeing 707<\/a> from New York City to Paris, France.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1958\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-united-states-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >US performs nuclear test<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nevada_Test_Site\" >Nevada Test Site<\/a>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>For some more pertinent information, see<\/em> \u201c<strong>1977 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-united-states-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >US performs nuclear test<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nevada_Test_Site\" >Nevada Test Site<\/a>\u201d, <em>mentioned above<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1956\u00a0 <\/strong>UN\u2019s <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/International_Atomic_Energy_Agency\" >International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)<\/a> statute approved.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>International Atomic Energy Agency:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iaea.org\/\" >International Atomic Energy Agency \u2013 Official Site<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iaea.org\/about\/statute\" >The Statute of the IAEA<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of the IAEA:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iaea.org\/about\/history\" >History \u2013 Revisiting the Past \u2013 IAEA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/iaea-history.univie.ac.at\/\" >The IAEA History Research Project \u2013 IAEA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www-pub.iaea.org\/MTCD\/publications\/PDF\/Pub1032_web.pdf\" >History of the International Atomic Energy Agency: First Forty Years, by David Fischer \u2013 IAEA \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>US President Eisenhower\u2019s \u201cAtoms for Peace\u201d Speech that Initiated an International Atomic Energy Agency:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atoms_for_Peace\" >\u201c<em>\u2019<\/em><strong><em>Atoms for Peace<\/em><\/strong><em>\u2019 was the title of a speech delivered by U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower to the UN General Assembly in New York City on December 8, 1953<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Atoms for Peace \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/eisenhower.archives.gov\/research\/online_documents\/atoms_for_peace\/Atoms_for_Peace_Draft.pdf\" >Draft of Eisenhower\u2019s \u201cAtoms for Peace\u201d Speech \u2013 Archives.gov \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.atomicarchive.com\/Docs\/Deterrence\/Atomsforpeace.shtml\" >President Eisenhower\u2019s \u201cAtoms for Peace\u201d Speech \u2013 December 8, 1953 \u2013 Transcript \u2013 AtomicArchive.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=P8HIiam9m9c\" >YouTube video (25 min. 52 sec.): Dwight D. Eisenhower Atoms for Peace<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/alsos.wlu.edu\/adv_rst.aspx?keyword=atoms+for+peace&amp;creator=&amp;title=&amp;media=all&amp;genre=all&amp;disc=all&amp;level=all&amp;sortby=relevance&amp;results=10&amp;period=15\" >Annotated bibliography for Atoms for Peace from the Also Digital Library for Nuclear Issues<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/eisenhower.archives.gov\/research\/online_documents\/atoms_for_peace.html\" >Documents regarding President Eisenhower\u2019s Atoms for Peace speech, Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/eisenhower.archives.gov\/research\/subject_guides\/pdf\/atoms_for_peace.pdf\" >Guide to materials pertaining to the Atoms for Peace speech at the Eisenhower Presidential Library<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1955\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ngo_Dinh_Diem\" >Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Di\u1ec7m<\/a> declares himself Premier of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/South_Vietnam\" >South Vietnam<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1955\u00a0 <\/strong>After the last <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Allies_of_World_War_II\" >Allied<\/a> troops have left the country and following the provisions of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Austrian_Independence_Treaty\" >Austrian Independence Treaty<\/a>, Austria declares <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Neutral_country\" >permanent neutrality<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1947\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Maharaja\" >Maharaja<\/a> of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kashmir_and_Jammu_%28princely_state%29\" >Kashmir and Jammu<\/a> agrees to allow his kingdom to join India.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1944\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Leyte_Gulf\" >Battle of Leyte Gulf<\/a> ends with an overwhelming American victory.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Timeline of the Leyte Gulf:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/sunnycv.com\/steve\/WW2Timeline\/LUTZ\/leyte.html\" >The End of the Japanese Navy: The Battle of Leyte Gulf \u2013 Timeline \u2013 SunnyCV.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/battle0fleytegulf.weebly.com\/timeline.html\" >The Battle of Leyte Gulf Timeline \u2013 BATTLE OF LEYTE GULF, by Melissa Flint &amp; Rachel Lin \u2013 Weebly.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Battle of Leyte Gulf:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.army.mil\/brochures\/leyte\/leyte.htm\" >\u201c<em>Preliminary operations for the Leyte invasion began at dawn on 17 October with minesweeping operations and the movement of the 6th Rangers toward three small islands in Leyte Gulf\u2026 Following four hours of heavy naval gunfire on A-day, 20 October, Sixth Army forces landed on assigned beaches at 1000 hours. Troops from X Corps pushed across a four-mile stretch of beach between Tacloban airfield and the Palo River<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Leyte \u2013 Army.mil<\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/world-war-ii\/battle-of-leyte-gulf\" >Battle of Leyte Gulf \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/world-war-ii\/battle-of-leyte-gulf\/videos\" >BATTLE OF LEYTE GULF VIDEOS \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.army.mil\/brochures\/leyte\/leyte.htm\" >LEYTE \u2013 Army.mil<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyofwar.org\/articles\/battles_leyte_gulf.html\" >Battle of Leyte Gulf, 23-26 October 1944 \u2013 HistoryOfWar.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/military.wikia.com\/wiki\/Battle_of_Leyte\" >Battle of Leyte \u2013 Military.Wikia.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Battle-of-Leyte-Gulf\" >Battle of Leyte Gulf \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.u-s-history.com\/pages\/h1757.html\" >Battle of Leyte Gulf \u2013 U-S-History.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/wgbh\/amex\/macarthur\/maps\/leyte01.html\" >WWII: Battle for Leyte \u2013 AMERICAN EXPERIENCE \u2013 PBS.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/totallyhistory.com\/battle-of-leyte\/\" >Battle for Leyte \u2013 TotallyHistory.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nationalinterest.org\/feature\/the-death-the-japanese-empire-remembering-the-battle-leyte-11505\" >The Death of the Japanese Empire: Remembering the Battle of Leyte Gulf \u2013 The National Interest \u2013 NationalInterest.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/militaryhistory.about.com\/od\/worldwari1\/p\/leytegulf.htm\" >World War II: Battle of Leyte Gulf \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/combinedfleet.com\/battles\/Leyte_Campaign\" >Leyte Naval Battles \u2013 CombinedFleet.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1943\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: First flight of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dornier_Do_335\" >Dornier Do 335<\/a> \u201cPfeil\u201d.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1942\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_II\" >World War II<\/a>: In the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_the_Santa_Cruz_Islands\" >Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands<\/a> during the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guadalcanal_Campaign\" >Guadalcanal Campaign<\/a>, one U.S. aircraft carrier, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/USS_Hornet_%28CV-8%29\" ><em>Hornet<\/em><\/a>, is sunk and another aircraft carrier, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/USS_Enterprise_%28CV-6%29\" ><em>Enterprise<\/em><\/a>, is heavily damaged, while two Japanese carriers and one cruiser are heavily damaged.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1940\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/P-51_Mustang\" >P-51 Mustang<\/a> makes its maiden flight.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1936\u00a0 <\/strong>The first <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Electric_generator\" >electric generator<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hoover_Dam\" >Hoover Dam<\/a> goes into full operation.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1918\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Erich_Ludendorff\" >Erich Ludendorff<\/a>, quartermaster-general of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/German_Army_%28German_Empire%29\" >Imperial German Army<\/a>, is dismissed by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kaiser\" >Kaiser<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wilhelm_II,_German_Emperor\" >Wilhelm II<\/a> of Germany for refusing to cooperate in peace negotiations.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Kaiser Wilhelm II:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/world-war-i\/kaiser-wilhelm-ii\" >KAISER WILHELM II \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldwar1.com\/biokais.htm\" >Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany \u2013 WorldWarI.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/William-II-emperor-of-Germany\" >William II \u2013 Emperor of Germany \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.biography.com\/people\/kaiser-wilhelm-21354947#%21\" >Kaiser Wilhelm II (1859-1941) \u2013 Biography.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Aftermath of World War I:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aftermath_of_World_War_I\" >Aftermath of World War I \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ashatteredpeace.com\/\" >A SHATTERED PEACE: Versailles 1919 and The Price We Pay Today, by David A. Andelman \u2013 AshatteredPeace.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.academia.edu\/6256232\/Negating_Peace_Germany_Policy_Making_During_World_War_I\" >Negating Peace Germany Policy Making During World War I, by Tom Degenhart \u2013 Academia.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gilderlehrman.org\/history-by-era\/world-war-i\/essays\/world-war-i\" >World War I, by Jennifer D. Keene \u2013 GliderLehrman.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Treaty of Versailles:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ushmm.org\/wlc\/en\/article.php?ModuleId=10007428\" >WORLD WAR I: TREATIES AND REPARATIONS \u2013 Holocaust Encyclopedia \u2013 USHMMM.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Treaty_of_Versailles\" >Treaty of Versailles \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/avalon.law.yale.edu\/subject_menus\/versailles_menu.asp\" >Text of the Versailles Treaty June 28, 1919 \u2013 Avalon Project \u2013 Yale Law School<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Some Evolution of the \u201cCrimes of Aggression\u201d a.k.a. the \u201cCrimes against Peace\u201d:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Treaty of Versailles:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/War_of_aggression\" >War of aggression \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crime_of_aggression\" >Crimes of aggression \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.crimesofwar.org\/a-z-guide\/aggression\/\" >AGGRESSION \u2013 CRIMES OF WAR \u2013 CrimesOfWar.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Article_231_of_the_Treaty_of_Versailles\" >Article 231 of the Treaty of Versailles \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a>, <em><strong>or<\/strong><\/em> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/avalon.law.yale.edu\/imt\/partviii.asp\" >Article 231 of the same treaty on this website<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/net.lib.byu.edu\/%7Erdh7\/wwi\/versa\/versa6.html\" >Article 227 of the Treaty of Versailles \u2013 BYU.edu<\/a>, <em><strong>or<\/strong><\/em> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/avalon.law.yale.edu\/imt\/partvii.asp\" >Article 227 of the same treaty on this website<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Kellogg and Briand Pact of 1928:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/avalon.law.yale.edu\/20th_century\/kbpact.asp#art1\" >Articles I and II of the Kellogg and Briand Pact<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/avalon.law.yale.edu\/20th_century\/kbpact.asp\" >Full Text of the Kellogg and Briand Pact \u2013 Avalon Project \u2013 Yale Law School<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/avalon.law.yale.edu\/subject_menus\/kbmenu.asp\" >Pertinent Documents on the Kellogg and Briand Pact \u2013 Avalon Project \u2013 Yale Law School<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Charters of the Nuremberg and Tokyo Military Tribunals:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/avalon.law.yale.edu\/imt\/imtconst.asp#art6\" ><em>Crimes against Peace<\/em> and Other Pertinent Crimes: Article 6 of the Charter of the Nuremberg Military Tribunal<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jus.uio.no\/english\/services\/library\/treaties\/04\/4-06\/military-tribunal-far-east.xml\" ><em>Crimes against Peace<\/em> and Other Pertinent Crimes: Article 5 of the Charter of the Military Tribunal for the Far East<\/a>, <em><strong>or<\/strong><\/em> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.macalester.edu\/%7Etam\/HIST194%20War%20Crimes\/documents\/Nuremberg\/Charter%20of%20the%20International%20Military%20Tribunal%20Far%20East.htm\" >the same article on this website<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crime_against_peace\" >Crime against peace \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.crimesagainstpeace.org\/crimes-against-peace-article\/\" >Crimes Against Peace, by Allen Ferguson, JD, MFA \u2013 CRIMES AGAINST PEACE \u2013 CrimesAgainstPeace.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>UN Charter and the UNGA Resolution 3314 (XXIX)<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.un.org\/en\/documents\/charter\/chapter7.shtml\" >CHARTER VII: ACTION WITH RESPECT TO THREATS TO THE PEACE, BREACHES OF THE PEACE, AND ACT OF AGGRESSION \u2013 THE CHARTER OF THE UNITED NATIONS<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.un-documents.net\/a29r3314.htm\" >UN Documents \u2013 A\/RES\/29\/3314 3314 (XXIX) Definition of Aggression<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/crimeofaggression.info\/documents\/6\/General_Assembly_%20Resolution_%203314.pdf\" >Definition of \u201cAggression\u201d \u2013 UN General Assembly 3314 (XXIX) \u2013 pdf<\/a>, <em><strong>or<\/strong><\/em> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www1.umn.edu\/humanrts\/instree\/GAres3314.html\" >the same resolution on this site \u2013 UMN.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/legal.un.org\/avl\/ha\/da\/da.html\" >Definition of Aggression \u2013 General Assembly resolution 3314, by Elizabeth Wilmshurst \u2013 AUDIOVISUAL LIBRARY OF INTERNATIONAL LAW \u2013 UN.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Nations_General_Assembly_Resolution_3314\" >United Nations General Assembly Resolution 3314 \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crime_of_aggression#Article_8_bis\" >Crimes of Aggression: <strong>Article 8<\/strong> <strong>bis<\/strong> of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crime_of_aggression#Article_15_bis\" >Crimes of Aggression: <strong>Article 15 bis<\/strong> of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crime_of_aggression#Article_15_ter\" >Crimes of Aggression: <strong>Article 15 ter<\/strong> of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.icc-cpi.int\/NR\/rdonlyres\/ADD16852-AEE9-4757-ABE7-9CDC7CF02886\/283503\/RomeStatutEng1.pdf\" >Full Text of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court \u2013 pdf<\/a>, <em><strong>or <\/strong><\/em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/legal.un.org\/icc\/statute\/romefra.htm\" >the same statute on this website<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-90-6704-927-6_1\" >Historical Background of the Criminalization of Aggression, by Sergey Sayapin \u2013 11 January 2014<\/a>, <em><strong>and\/or <\/strong><\/em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/book\/10.1007\/978-90-6704-927-6\" >Crimes of Aggression in International Criminal Law<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.internationaljusticeproject.com\/on-the-crime-of-aggression-and-the-icc-in-a-quasi-westphalian-system\/\" >ON THE CRIMES OF AGGRESSION AND THE ICC IN A QUASI-WESTPHALIAN SYSTEM, by \u2013 August 22, 2014 \u2013 International Justice Project \u2013 InternationalJusticeProject.com<\/a>r<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1917\u00a0 <\/strong>World War I: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Brazil\" >Brazil<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Brazil_during_World_War_I\" >declares war<\/a> on the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Central_Powers\" >Central Powers<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Brazil and World War I:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/brazil-declares-war-on-germany\" >OCT 26, 1917: THIS DAY IN HISTORY: Brazil declares war on Germany. \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historytoday.com\/roderick-barman\/brazil-first-world-war\" >\u201c<em>Roderick Barman examines the circumstances surrounding Brazil\u2019s entry into the Great War and appraises the conflict\u2019s legacy on the developing nation<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Brazil in the First World War \u2013 HistoryToday.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.firstworldwar.com\/source\/brazil_pecanha.htm\" >Primary documents \u2013 Brazil\u2019s explanation to the Vatican of Reasons for War, October 1917 \u2013 FirstWorldWar.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jfredmacdonald.com\/worldwarone1914-1918\/latinamerica-18brazil-at-war.html\" >Brazil at War with Germany: Significant Reply to the Pope \u2013 JFredMacDonald.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/bentavener.com\/2014\/11\/09\/brazil-the-only-latin-nation-to-fight-in-world-war-i\/\" >Brazil: The only Latin American nation to fight World War I \u2013 BenTaverner.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Countries Involved in World War I:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/history.stackexchange.com\/questions\/4493\/did-either-of-the-world-wars-involve-south-or-central-america\" >Did either of World Wars involve South or Central America? \u2013 History beta \u2013 StackExchange.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/europeanhistory.about.com\/od\/worldwar1\/a\/ww1countriesalp.htm\" >The Countries Involved in World War 1 \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mapsofworld.com\/world-war-i\/countries-involved.html\" >Countries Involved in World War I \u2013 MapsOfWorld.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bl.uk\/world-war-one\" >World War One: Explore over 500 historical sources from across Europe, together with new insights by World War One experts \u2013 BL.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of Brazil:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Brazil\" >History of Brazil \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/history-of-Brazil\" >History of Brazil \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/brazil\/3.htm\" >Brazil \u2013 Historical Setting \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.geographia.com\/brazil\/brazihistory.htm\" >BRAZIL \u2013 History \u2013 Geographia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brazil.org.za\/history.html\" >Brazil History \u2013 Brazil.org.za<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyworld.net\/wrldhis\/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=aa88\" >HISTORY OF BRAZIL \u2013 HistoryWorld.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.justbrazil.org\/brazil-history.asp\" >Brazil History \u2013 JustBrazil.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/worldfacts.us\/Brazil-history-2.htm\" >History of Brazil \u2013 WorldFacts.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/fodors\/top\/features\/travel\/destinations\/centralandsouthamerica\/brazil\/riodejaneiro\/fdrs_feat_129_9.html\" >A Brief History of Brazil \u2013 The New York Times<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/brazil\/history\" >Brazil \u2013 History \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.chagala.com\/ibla\/brazil\/timeline.htm\" >Timeline for Brazilian History \u2013 Chagala.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-latin-america-19359111\" >Brazil profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Brazil:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/geos\/br.html\" >Brazil \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.un.org\/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=Brazil\" >Brazil \u2013 UN Data<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Brazil\" >Brazil \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/brazil.html\" >Brazil \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Foreign Relations of Brazil:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_Brazil\" >Foreign relations of Brazil \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ministry_of_External_Relations_%28Brazil%29\" >Ministry of External Relations (Brazil) \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cfr.org\/region\/brazil\/ri322\" >Brazil \u2013 Council on Foreign Relations \u2013 CFR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/r\/pa\/ei\/bgn\/35640.htm\" >US Relations with Brazil \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.irantracker.org\/foreign-relations\/brazil-iran-foreign-relations\" >Brazil-Iran Foreign Relations \u2013 IranTracker.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.photius.com\/countries\/brazil\/government\/brazil_government_foreign_relations.html\" >Brazilian Foreign Relations \u2013 Photius.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/thetranslationcompany.com\/resources\/language-country\/portuguese-language\/business-brazil\/foreign-relations-brazil.htm\" >Foreign Relations of Brazil \u2013 The Translation Company<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Economy of Brazil:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_Brazil\" >Economy of Brazil \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/country\/brazil\" >Brazil \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/brazil\" >Brazil \u2013 Data \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/brazil\" >Brazil \u2013 Index \u2013 THE HERITAGE FOUNDATION<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/brazil-economy.html\" >Brazil \u2013 Economy \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1917\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_I\" >World War I<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Caporetto\" >Battle of Caporetto<\/a>; Italy suffers a catastrophic defeat to the forces of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Austria-Hungary\" >Austria-Hungary<\/a> and Germany. The young unknown <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Oberleutnant\" >Oberleutnant<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Erwin_Rommel\" >Erwin Rommel<\/a> captures Mount <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Matajur\" >Matajur<\/a> with only 100 Germans against a force of over 7000 Italians.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Battle of Caporetto:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/battle-of-caporetto\" >OCT 24, 1917: THIS DAY IN HISTORY: Battle of Caporetto \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.firstworldwar.com\/battles\/caporetto.htm\" >Battles \u2013 Battle of Caporetto, 1917 \u2013 FirstWorldWar.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Battle-of-Caporetto\" >Battle of Caporetto \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/europeanhistory.about.com\/od\/worldwar1\/a\/The-Battle-Of-Caporetto-1917.htm\" >The Battle of Caporetto 1917, by Robert Wilde \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyofwar.org\/articles\/battles_caporetto.html\" >Battle of Caporetto, 24 October 1917 \u2013 12 November 1917 (Italy) \u2013 HistoyOfWar.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/military.wikia.com\/wiki\/Battle_of_Caporetto\" >Battle of Caporetto \u2013 Military.Wikia.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1912\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/First_Balkan_War\" >First Balkan War<\/a>: The Ottoman occupied city of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Thessaloniki\" >Thessaloniki<\/a>, is liberated and unified with Greece on the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Feast_day\" >feast day<\/a> of its <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Patron_saint\" >patron saint<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Demetrius_of_Thessaloniki\" >Demetrius<\/a>. On the same day, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kingdom_of_Serbia\" >Serbian<\/a> troops captured <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Skopje\" >Skopje<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Liberation of Thessaloniki:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/history-of-macedonia.com\/2011\/10\/27\/macedonia-liberation-thessalonica-26-october-1912\/\" >Macedonia: Liberation of Thessalonica (26 October 1912) \u2013 History-Of-Macedonia.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.macedonia.com\/english\/thessalo.html\" >THESSALONIKI \u2013 THE METROPOLIS OF MACEDONIA \u2013 Macedonia.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/illyria.proboards.com\/thread\/27325\" >26\/October\/1912 The Liberation of Thessaloniki \u2013 Illyria Forums<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.inthessaloniki.com\/en\/thessaloniki-brief-history\" >Thessaloniki: Brief history \u2013 InTheThessaoloniki.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Balkan Wars:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Balkan_Wars\" >Balkan Wars \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Balkan-Wars\" >Balkan Wars \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/balkan-wars.html\" >Balkan Wars \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/greece.russiansabroad.com\/country_page.aspx?page=57\" >Balkan Wars, 1912-13, The \u2013 RussiansAbroad.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>First Balkan War:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Balkan-Wars\" >Balkan Wars \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nzhistory.net.nz\/media\/photo\/first-balkan-war-1912\" >First Balkan War 1912 \u2013 NZHistory.net.nz<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thenagain.info\/WebChron\/EastEurope\/FirstBalkan.html\" >The First Balkan War 1912-1913 \u2013 ThenAgain.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.balkanhistory.com\/balkan_war_1912.htm\" >Balkan Military History \u2013 BalkanHistory.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tc-america.org\/resource-center\/tca-fact-sheet-the-first-balkan-war-571.htm\" >TCA Fact Sheet: The 1912-1913 Balkan Wars \u2013 Turkish Coalition of America \u2013 TC-America.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thenagain.info\/WebChron\/EastEurope\/FirstBalkan.html\" >The First Balkan War 1912-1913 \u2013 ThenAgain.info<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.balkanhistory.com\/balkan_war_1912.htm\" >\u201c<em>In Macedonia, the Serbian army defeated the Turks at Kumanovo that enabled it to join forces with the Montenegrins and enter Skopje. Meanwhile, the Greeks occupied Salonika and advanced on Io\u00e1nnina. In Albania, the Montenegrins besieged Shkod\u00ebr, and the Serbs entered Durr\u00ebs<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 The First Balkan War \u2013 Balkan Military History<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.hellenicaworld.com\/Greece\/History\/en\/FirstBalkanWar.html\" >First Balkan War \u2013 HellenicaWorld.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1909\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/It%C5%8D_Hirobumi\" >It\u014d Hirobumi<\/a>, four time Prime Minister of Japan (the 1st, 5th, 7th and 10th) and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Resident-General_of_Korea\" >Resident-General of Korea<\/a>, is assassinated by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/An_Jung-geun\" >An Jung-geun<\/a> at the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Harbin\" >Harbin<\/a> train station in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Manchuria\" >Manchuria<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1905\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sweden\" >Sweden<\/a> accepted the independence of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Norway\" >Norway<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Independence of Norway:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dissolution_of_the_union_between_Norway_and_Sweden\" >Dissolution of the union between Norway and Sweden \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/althistory.wikia.com\/wiki\/Norwegian-Swedish_War_of_1905_%28Alt_for_Norge%29\" >Norwegian-Swedish War of 1905 (Alt for Norge) \u2013 Wikia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/history\/international\/social-democracy\/sweden\/war-1905.htm\" >Norway-Sweden 1905: How the labour movement prevented war, by Jonathan Clyne, Kerstin Alfredsson and Lena H\u00f6ijer<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historytoday.com\/stuart-burch\/norway-and-1905\" >Norway and 1905 \u2013 HistoryToday.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1905_in_Norway\" >1905 Norway \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.militaryhistoryonline.com\/19thcentury\/articles\/norwayswedenwarof1808.aspx\" >The War between Norway and Sweden 1808, by Kai Isaksen \u2013 MilitaryHistoryOnline.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Swedish-Norwegian_War_%281814%29\" >Swedish-Norwegian War (1814) \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Norway_in_1814\" >Norway in 1814 \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of Norway:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Norway\" >History of Norway \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyworld.net\/wrldhis\/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=ac73\" >HISTORY OF NORWAY \u2013 HistoryWorld.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.localhistories.org\/norway.html\" >A SHORT H ISTORY OF NORWAY \u2013 LocalHistories.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.destination360.com\/europe\/norway\/history\" >Norway History \u2013 Destination360.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/norway\/history\" >Norway \u2013 History \u2013 LonleyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldatlas.com\/webimage\/countrys\/europe\/norway\/notimeln.htm\" >Norway Timeline \u2013 WorldAtlas.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.visitnorway.com\/en\/about-norway\/history\/\" >Norway \u2013 History and Tradition \u2013 VisitNorway.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Norway-Sweden Relationship:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Norway%E2%80%93Sweden_relations\" >Norway-Sweden relations \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Union_between_Sweden_and_Norway\" >Union between Sweden and Norway \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Relations_entre_la_Norv%C3%A8ge_et_la_Su%C3%A8de\" >Relations entre la Norv\u00e8ge et la Su\u00e8de \u2013 Wikip\u00e9dia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/sv.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Relationer_mellan_Norge_och_Sverige\" >Relationer mellan Norge och Sverige \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.dailymail.co.uk\/news\/article-2154901\/Neutral-Sweden-allowed-Nazis-use-railways-occupy-Norway--transfer-Jews-death-camps-new-book-claims.html\" >Neutral Sweden allowed Nazis to use their railways to occupy Norway\u2026and transfer Jews to death camps, new book claims \u2013 5 June 2012 \u2013 DailyMail.co.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.slate.com\/articles\/business\/dispatches\/2012\/12\/swedish_migrant_workers_and_norwegian_oil_wealth_have_reversed_the_centuries.html\" >How Norwegian oil wealth and Swedish migrant work have reversed the centuries-old Scandinavian power dynamic, by David J. Michael \u2013 DEC. 11, 2012 \u2013 Slate.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.khazaria.com\/genetics\/swedes.html\" >\u201c<em>Swedish people live in the central Scandinavian country of Sweden, which shares land borders with Norway and Finland and is also near Denmark. The Swedish language is in the North Germanic family and is closely related to Norwegian and Danish<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Swedish Genetics \u2013 Abstracts and Summaries \u2013 Khazaria.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.city-data.com\/forum\/europe\/1721012-sweden-more-similar-norway-finland.html\" >Sweden \u2013 more similar to Norway or Finland? (life, country, people) \u2013 City-Data.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Norway:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ciaworldfactbook.us\/europe\/norway.html\" >Norway \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.un.org\/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=Norway\" >Norway \u2013 UN Data<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/norway.html\" >Norway \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-europe-17743896\" >Norway profile \u2013 Overview \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Foreign Relations of Norway:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_Norway\" >Foreign relations of Norway \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.regjeringen.no\/en\/dep\/ud\" >Ministry of Foreign Affairs \u2013 Norway<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/military\/world\/europe\/no-forrel.htm\" >Norway \u2013 Foreign Relations \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cfr.org\/region\/norway\/ri299\" >Norway \u2013 Council on Foreign Relations \u2013 CFR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.baltic21.org\/foreign-policy\/norway.html\" >The Foreign Policy of Norway \u2013 Baltic21.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/r\/pa\/ei\/bgn\/3421.htm\" >US Relations with Norway \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Economy of Norway:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/country\/norway\" >Norway \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/norway\" >Norway \u2013 Data \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/norway\" >Norway \u2013 Index \u2013 THE HERITAGE FOUNDATION<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of Sweden:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Sweden\" >History of Sweden \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/sweden.se\/society\/history-of-sweden\/\" >HISTORY OF SWEDEN \u2013 Sweden.se<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.localhistories.org\/sweden.html\" >A BRIEF HISTORY OF SWEDEN \u2013 LocalHistories.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyworld.net\/wrldhis\/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=ac83\" >HISTORY OF SWEDEN \u2013 HistoryWorld.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.geographia.com\/sweden\/history.html\" >Heritage and History of Sweden \u2013 Geographia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/sweden-history.html\" >Sweden \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/sweden\/history\" >Sweden \u2013 History \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sverigeturism.se\/smorgasbord\/smorgasbord\/culture\/short-history\/\" >A Short History of Sweden \u2013 SverigeTurism.se<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/history.howstuffworks.com\/european-history\/history-of-sweden.htm\" >History of Sweden \u2013 HowStuffWorks.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_Swedish_history\" >Timeline of Swedish history \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-europe-17961621\" >Sweden profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Sweden:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/geos\/sw.html\" >Sweden \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.un.org\/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=Sweden\" >Sweden \u2013 UN Data<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/AppData\/Local\/Temp\/sweden.se\" >Sweden \u2013 Official Site<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Sweden\" >Sweden \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/sweden.html\" >Sweden \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-europe-17955808\" >Sweden country profile \u2013 Overview \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Foreign Relations of Sweden:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_Sweden\" >Foreign relations of Sweden \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.government.se\/government-policy\/foreign-and-security-policy\/\" >Foreign and security policy \u2013 Government Offices of Sweden<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.foreignaffairs.com\/articles\/sweden\/1959-04-01\/issues-swedish-foreign-policy\" >Issues in Swedish Foreign Policy, by Herbert Tingsten \u2013 ForeingAffairs.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.irantracker.org\/foreign-relations\/sweden-iran-foreign-relations\" >Sweden-Iran Foreign Relations \u2013 IranTracker.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Swedish%E2%80%93Turkish_relations\" >Sweden-Turkey relations \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mfa.am\/en\/country-by-country\/se\/\" >Bilateral Relations \u2013 Sweden \u2013 Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Armenia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sweden%E2%80%93United_States_relations\" >Sweden-United States relations \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/r\/pa\/ei\/bgn\/2880.htm\" >US Relations with Sweden \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/articles.latimes.com\/keyword\/sweden-foreign-relations\" >Sweden Foreign Relations \u2013 Articles \u2013 LATimes.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Economy of Sweden:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_Sweden\" >Economy of Sweden \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/sweden-economy.html\" >Sweden \u2013 Economy \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/country\/sweden\" >Sweden \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/sweden\" >Sweden \u2013 Data \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/sweden\" >Sweden \u2013 Index \u2013 THE HERITAGE FOUNDATION<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/sweden.se\/business\/how-sweden-created-a-model-economy\/\" >HOW SWEDEN CREATED A MODEL ECONOMY \u2013 Sweden.se<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sjsu.edu\/faculty\/watkins\/sweden.htm\" >The Economy and the Economic History of Sweden \u2013 San Jos\u00e9 State University Department of Economics \u2013 SJSU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1861\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pony_Express\" >Pony Express<\/a> officially ceases operations.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1860\u00a0 <\/strong>Meeting of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Teano\" >Teano<\/a>. <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Giuseppe_Garibaldi\" >Giuseppe Garibaldi<\/a>, conqueror of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kingdom_of_the_Two_Sicilies\" >Kingdom of the Two Sicilies<\/a>, gives it to King <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Victor_Emmanuel_II_of_Italy\" >Victor Emmanuel II of Italy<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1811\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Argentine_government\" >Argentine government<\/a> declare the freedom of expression for the press by decree.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1776\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Benjamin_Franklin\" >Benjamin Franklin<\/a> departs from America for France on a mission to seek French support for the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/American_Revolution\" >American Revolution<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1775\u00a0 <\/strong>King <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/George_III_of_Great_Britain\" >George III of Great Britain<\/a> goes before Parliament to declare the American colonies in rebellion, and authorized a military response to quell the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/American_Revolution\" >American Revolution<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>OCTOBER 27<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><strong>Today is the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_Day_for_Audiovisual_Heritage\" >WORLD DAY FOR AUDIOVISUAL HERITAGE<\/a>:<\/strong><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2005\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2005_French_riots\" >Riots begin in Paris<\/a> after the deaths of two Muslim teenagers.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Riots in France:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/riotsfrance.ssrc.org\/\" >\u201c<em>On October 27, 2005, two French youths of Malian and Tunisian descent were electrocuted as they fled the police in the Parisian suburb of Clichy-sous-Bois.\u00a0 Their deaths sparked nearly three weeks of rioting in 274 towns throughout the Paris region, France, and beyond\u2026<\/em>\u201d \u2013 Civil Unrest in French Suburbs, November 2005 \u2013 RIOTS IN FRANCE \u2013 SSRC.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/libcom.org\/history\/paris-riots-information-immigrants-suburbs-2005\" >Paris riots: Information on immigrants and the suburbs, 2005 \u2013 Libcom.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.kersplebedeb.com\/2005riots\/index.html\" >2005: French Was a Riot<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Timeline of the 2005 French Riots:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_2005_French_riots\" >Timeline of the 2005 French Riots \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/2\/hi\/europe\/4413964.stm\" >A chronology of key events \u2013 Timeline: French riots \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Pertinent Articles on the French Riots of 2005:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/research\/articles\/2005\/12\/01france-laurence\" >Understanding Urban Riots in France, by Jonathan Laurence and Justin Vaisse \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/world.time.com\/2012\/12\/07\/the-problem-of-clichy-after-2005-riots-frances-suburbs-are-still-miserable\/\" >The Problem of Clichy: After 2005 Riots, France\u2019s Suburbs Are Still Miserable, by Bruce Crumley \u2013 Dec.07.2012 \u2013 TIME<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/jcpa.org\/article\/the-autumn-2005-riots-in-france-part-i\/\" >The Autumn 2005 Riots in France \u2013 Part I, by Manfred Gerstenfeld, \u2013 February 1, 2006 \u2013 JCPA.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/riotsfrance.ssrc.org\/Roy\/\" >The Nature of French Riots, by Olivier Roy \u2013 Nov.18, 2005 \u2013 SSRC.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.juancole.com\/2005\/11\/north-african-riots-in-paris-paris.html\" >North African Riots In Paris Paris [<em>sic<\/em>], by Juan Cole \u2013 Nov.3, 2005 \u2013 JualCole.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.american.edu\/media\/news\/20140724_SIS_Schneider_Riots_NY_Paris.cfm\" >1964 New York Police Riot D\u00e9j\u00e0 Vu in 2005 Paris, by J. Paul Johnson \u2013 July 24, 2013 \u2013 AMERICAN.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/europe\/france\/11612686\/France-accused-of-judicial-apartheid-over-police-officers-acquittal-over-deaths-that-sparked-2005-riots.html\" >French accused of \u2018judicial apartheid\u2019 over officers\u2019 acquitted over deaths that sparked 2005 riots, by Henry Samuel \u2013 18 May 2015 \u2013 Telegraph.co.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1999\u00a0 <\/strong>Gunmen <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Armenian_parliament_shooting\" >open fire<\/a> in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Armenia\" >Armenian<\/a> Parliament, killing Prime Minister <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vazgen_Sargsyan\" >Vazgen Sargsyan<\/a>, Parliament Chairman <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Karen_Demirchyan\" >Karen Demirchyan<\/a>, and six other members.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1997\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/October_27,_1997_mini-crash\" >October 27, 1997 mini-crash<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Stock_market\" >Stock markets<\/a> around the world <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Stock_market_crash\" >crash<\/a> because of fears of a global economic meltdown. The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dow_Jones_Industrial_Average\" >Dow Jones Industrial Average<\/a> plummets 554.26 points to 7,161.15.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1995\u00a0 <\/strong>Former <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Prime_Minister_of_Italy\" >Prime Minister of Italy<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bettino_Craxi\" >Bettino Craxi<\/a> is <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Trial_in_absentia\" >convicted <em>in absentia<\/em><\/a> of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Political_corruption\" >corruption<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1995\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Latvia\" >Latvia<\/a> applies for membership in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/European_Union\" >European Union<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Latvia:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ciaworldfactbook.us\/europe\/latvia.html\" >Latvia \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.un.org\/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=Latvia\" >Latvia \u2013 UN Data<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Latvia\" >Latvia \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/latvia.html\" >Latvia \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nationsonline.org\/oneworld\/latvia.htm\" >Latvia \u2013 NationsOnline.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/europa.eu\/about-eu\/countries\/member-countries\/latvia\/index_en.htm\" >Latvia \u2013 European Union \u2013 Euopa.eu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Foreign Relations of Latvia:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_Latvia\" >Foreign relations of Latvia \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mfa.gov.lv\/en\/\" >MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS OF THE REPUBLIC OF LATVIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/r\/pa\/ei\/bgn\/5378.htm\" >US Relations with Latvia \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of Latvia:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_Latvia\" >History of Latvia \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/latvia\/1.htm\" >History of Latvia \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/latvianhistory.com\/tag\/latvian-foreign-relations\/\" >Latvian History \u2013 LatvianHistory.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-europe-17529542\" >Latvia profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Economy of Latvia:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_Latvia\" >Economy of Latvia \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/latvia\" >Latvia \u2013 Index \u2013 THE HERITAGE FOUNDATION<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/lnweb90.worldbank.org\/FPS\/fsapcountrydb.nsf\/%28attachmentwebFSA%29\/Latvia_DevelopmentModule_FSA_web.pdf\/$FILE\/Latvia_DevelopmentModule_FSA_web.pdf\" >Latvia \u2013 Financial Sector Assessment \u2013 THE WORLD BANK \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/latvia\" >Latvia \u2013 Data \u2013 THE WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1994\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gliese_229B\" >Gliese 229B<\/a> is the first <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Substellar_companion\" >Substellar Mass Object<\/a> to be unquestionably identified.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1992\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States_Navy\" >United States Navy<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Radioman\" >radioman<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Allen_R._Schindler,_Jr.\" >Allen R. Schindler, Jr.<\/a> is brutally murdered by shipmate Terry M. Helvey for being gay, precipitating first military, then national, debate about <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gays_in_the_military\" >gays in the military<\/a> that resulted in the United States \u201c<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Don%27t_ask,_don%27t_tell\" >Don\u2019t ask, don\u2019t tell<\/a>\u201d military policy.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1991\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Turkmenistan\" >Turkmenistan<\/a> achieves independence from the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soviet_Union\" >Soviet Union<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Turkmenistan:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ciaworldfactbook.us\/asia\/turkmenistan.html\" >Turkmenistan \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.un.org\/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=Turkmenistan\" >Turkmenistan \u2013 UN Data<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/turkmenistan.html\" >Turkmenistan \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Turkmenistan\" >Turkmenistan \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nationsonline.org\/oneworld\/turkmenistan.htm\" >Turkmenistan \u2013 NationsOnline.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-asia-16094646\" >Turkmenistan country profile \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Human Rights in Turkmenistan:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/europe\/central-asia\/turkmenistan\" >\u201c<em>Turkmenistan remains one of the world\u2019s most repressive countries, with a disastrous human rights record<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Turkmenistan \u2013 Human Rights Watch<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Human_rights_in_Turkmenistan\" >\u201c<em>Turkmenistan\u2019s human rights record has been heavily criticized by various countries and scholars worldwide<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Human rights in Turkmenistan \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.amnestyusa.org\/our-work\/countries\/europe\/turkmenistan\" >Turkmenistan Human Rights \u2013 Amnesty International<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/countries\/ENACARegion\/Pages\/TMIndex.aspx\" >Turkmenistan \u2013 Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Foreign Relations of Turkmenistan:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_Turkmenistan\" >Foreign Relations of Turkmenistan \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/military\/world\/centralasia\/turkmen-forrel.htm\" >Turkmenistan \u2013 Foreign Relations \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Turkmenistan%E2%80%93United_States_relations\" >Turkmenistan-United States relations \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.irantracker.org\/foreign-relations\/turkmenistan-iran-foreign-relations\" >Turkmenistan-Iran Foreign Relations \u2013 IranTracker.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cfr.org\/region\/turkmenistan\/ri384\" >Turkmenistan \u2013 Council on Foreign Relations \u2013 CFR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of Turkmenistan:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Turkmenistan\" >History of Turkmenistan \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/asianhistory.about.com\/od\/turkmenistan\/p\/profturkistan.htm\" >Turkmenistan | Facts and History \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/turkmenistan\/1.htm\" >Turkmenistan \u2013 History \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/turkmenistan-history.html\" >Turkmenistan \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.advantour.com\/turkmenistan\/history.htm\" >Turkmenistan History \u2013 Avantour.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-asia-16098048\" >Turkmenistan country profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Economy of Turkmenistan:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_Turkmenistan\" >Economy of Turkmenistan \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/country\/turkmenistan\" >Turkmenistan \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/turkmenistan\" >Turkmenistan \u2013 Data \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/turkmenistan\" >Turkmenistan \u2013 Index \u2013 THE HERITAGE FOUNDATION<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.adb.org\/countries\/turkmenistan\/economy\" >Turkmenistan: Economy \u2013 ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1988\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ronald_Reagan\" >Ronald Reagan<\/a> decides to tear down the new U.S. Embassy in Moscow because of Soviet listening devices in the building structure.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1986\u00a0 <\/strong>The British government suddenly deregulates financial markets, leading to a total restructuring of the way in which they operate in the country, in an event now referred to as the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Big_Bang_%28financial_markets%29\" >Big Bang<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Deregulation of the British Financial Markets of 1986:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.investopedia.com\/terms\/b\/bigbang.asp\" >\u201c<em>The day of deregulation for the securities market in London, England on October 27, 1986, in which the London Stock Exchange (LSE) became a private limited company. The event revitalized the LSE because outside corporations were allowed to enter its member firms and automated price quotation was established<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Big Bang \u2013 Investopedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/wiki.uiowa.edu\/display\/06e169\/The+Big+Bang\" >\u201c<em>The \u201cBig Bang\u201d is a term used to mark the changes\u00a0which occurred in late 1986 to the organizations and practices of the City of London as Britain\u2019s financial center. Changes occurred\u00a0as a result\u00a0of the sudden deregulation that swept through the London Stock Exchange (the market place for trading corporate equity shares and U.K. government securities).\u00a0Deregulation took place on October 27, 1986, and has dramatically changed both the Exchange and its members<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 The Big Bang \u2013 UIOWA.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mindfulmoney.co.uk\/economy\/economic-impact\/did-1986-s-stock-market-big-bang-make-the-financial-crisis-inevitable\/\" >Did 1986\u2019s stock market big bang make the financial crisis inevitable? \u2013 10 October 2011 \u2013 Mindful Money \u2013 MindfulMoney.co.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1984\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1984_Soviet_nuclear_tests\" >(underground)<\/a> at Eastern Kazakh\/<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Semipalatinsk_Test_Site\" >Semipalatinsk<\/a> USSR.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>USSR Nuclear Tests in 1984:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1984_Soviet_nuclear_tests\" >1984 Soviet nuclear tests &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>USSR Nuclear Tests Overview:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovwpnprog.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/tests\/USSR-ntestsS.html\" >Database of nuclear tests, USSR\/Russia: overview \u2013 JohnstonArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/soviet_nuclear_testing_semipalatinsk_20th_anniversary\/24311518.html\" >Slow Death of Kazakhstan\u2019s Land Of Nuclear Tests \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty \u2013 RFRL.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/large.stanford.edu\/courses\/2014\/ph241\/powell2\/docs\/vakulchuk.pdf\" >Semipalitinsk nuclear testing: the humanitarian consequences \u2013 Norwegian Institute of International Affairs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thebulletin.org\/lasting-toll-semipalatinsks-nuclear-testing\" >The lasting toll of Semipalitinsk\u2019s nuclear testing \u2013 TheBulletin.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/12566948_External_doses_of_residents_near_Semipalatinsk_nuclear_test_site\" >External Doses of Residents near Semipalitinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 ResearchGate.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.irpa.net\/irpa10\/cdrom\/00504.pdf\" >Radiation Exposure on Residents due to Semipalitinsk Nuclear Tests \u2013 IRPA.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=A--r7jbXEgs\" >YouTube video (4 min. 21 sec.): Semipalatinsk Test Site \u2013 Kazakhstan \u2013 Nuclear Threat Initiative<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >THE SOVIET UNION\u2019S NUCLEAR TESTING PROGRAMME \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyorb.com\/war-history\/weapons\/nuclear-weapon\/nuclear-testing?p=8\" >Nuclear weapons tests in history \u2013 HistoryOrb.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Health, and Ecological Issues in Kazakhstan\/Semipalatinsk:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/reference.allrefer.com\/country-guide-study\/kazakhstan\/kazakhstan17.html\" >Kazakstan\/Kazakhstan \u2013 Environmental Problems \u2013 Reference.AllRefer.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclear-risks.org\/fileadmin\/user_upload\/pdfs\/HBWW_EN\/Semipalatinsk_EN_web.pdf\" >\u201cIn Semipalatinsk, the local population was exposed to high levels of radioactivity from nuclear weapon tests for several decades\u2026\u201d \u2013 Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: Nuclear test site \u2013 Nuclear-Risk.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/large.stanford.edu\/courses\/2014\/ph241\/powell2\/docs\/vakulchuk.pdf\" >Semipalatinsk nuclear testing: the humanitarian consequences \u2013 Norwegian Institute of International Affairs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclearfiles.org\/menu\/key-issues\/nuclear-weapons\/issues\/testing\/PDFs\/JC-143920%5B1%5D.pdf\" >Radionuclide Contamination at Kazakhstan\u2019s Semipalatinsk Test Site Implications on Human and Ecological Heath, by T.M. Carlsen, L.E. Peterson, B.A. Ulsh, C.A. Werner, K.L.Purvis, A.C. Sharber<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.irpa.net\/irpa10\/cdrom\/00504.pdf\" >Radiation Exposure on Residents due to Semipalatinsk Nuclear Tests \u2013 IRPA.net<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nukefreetexas.org\/downloads\/plutominum_uranium_semipalatinsk_test_site.pdf\" >Plutonium and Uranium in Human Bones from Areas surrounding the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 NukeFreeTexas.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.csmonitor.com\/World\/Asia-South-Central\/2013\/0828\/Secrets-of-Semipalatinsk-How-nuclear-theft-was-averted-in-Central-Asia\" >\u201cTheir research done on sample villages near the test site found cancer mortality rates 2-1\/2 times greater than those in a control village. The agency says some 356,000 people face radiation risk, with 70 percent of those being descendants of exposed villagers\u2026\u201d \u2013 Secrets of Semipalatinsk: How nuclear theft was averted in Central Asia \u2013 The Christian Science Monitor<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/cajgh.pitt.edu\/ojs\/index.php\/cajgh\/article\/view\/127\/0\" >Studies of Health Effects from Nuclear Testing near the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site Kazakhstan, by Bernd Grosche, Tamara Zhunussova, Kazbek Apsalikov, Ausrele Kesminiene<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.idosi.org\/wasj\/wasj23%285%2913\/19.pdf\" >Information Report on Biological Studies Conducted At the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 IDOSI.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/europepmc.org\/articles\/PMC3866702\" >Mortality from Cardiovascular Disease in the Semipalatinsk Historical Cohort, 1960 \u2013 1999, and its Relationship to Radiation Exposure \u2013 Europe PubMed Central<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1981\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soviet_Union\" >Soviet<\/a> submarine <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soviet_submarine_S-363\" ><em>U 137<\/em><\/a> runs aground on the east coast of Sweden.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1979\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines\" >Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<\/a> gains its independence from the United Kingdom.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1973\u00a0 <\/strong>A <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chondrite\" >chondrite<\/a>-type <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Meteorite\" >meteorite<\/a> of 1.4 kg strikes in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ca%C3%B1on_City,_Colorado\" >Ca\u00f1on City, Colorado<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1971\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo\" >Democratic Republic of the Congo<\/a> is renamed <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zaire\" >Zaire<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1969\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nobelprize.org\/nobel_prizes\/economic-sciences\/laureates\/1969\/tinbergen-facts.html\" >Nobel prize for economy awarded to Jan Tinbergen.<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>1967\u00a0 <\/strong>Catholic priest <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Philip_Berrigan\" >Philip Berrigan<\/a> and others of the \u2018Baltimore Four\u2019 protest the Vietnam War by pouring blood on <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Selective_Service\" >Selective Service<\/a> records.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1966\u00a0 <\/strong>China performs nuclear test at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lop_Nur#Lop_Nur_Nuclear_Weapons_Test_Base\" >Lop Nor<\/a>, PRC.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Lop Nor Nuclear Weapons Test Site:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nti.org\/facilities\/710\/\" >Lop Nor Nuclear Weapons Test Base \u2013 NTI.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fas.org\/nuke\/guide\/china\/facility\/lop_nor.htm\" >\u201c<em>US satellite intelligence imagery of 6-9 August 1964 showed that the previously suspect facility near Lop Nor in Sinkiang was almost certainly a nuclear testing site<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Base 21 Lop Nor \u2013 FAS.org<\/a>, <em><strong>or<\/strong> the same aticle on the website of<\/em> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/wmd\/world\/china\/lop_nor.htm\" >org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclear-risks.org\/en\/hibakusha-worldwide\/lop-nor.html\" >\u201c<em>Between 1964 and 1996, the People\u2019s Republic of China conducted 45 nuclear tests in Lop Nor, a lake region in the Western province of Xinjiang<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Lop Nor, China \u2013 Nuclear-Risks.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.drben.net\/ChinaReport\/Xinjiang_Uyghur_AR\/Bayin_Gholin\/Lop_Nor-Lop_Nuur-History.html\" >History of Lop Nor \u2013 The Shihezi Report<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ldeo.columbia.edu\/%7Efelixw\/research\/LopNor.html\" >Nuclear Explosion Location at the Lop Nor test site, China<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>China\u2019s Nuclear Weapon Programs:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/chinas-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >CHINA\u2019S NUCLEAR TESTING PROGRAMMES \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_China\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of China \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/specials\/testing-times\/16-october-1964-first-chinese-nuclear-test\/\" >16 OCTOBER 1964 \u2013 FIRST CHINESE NUCLEAR TEST \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/China_and_weapons_of_mass_destruction\" >China and weapons of mass destruction \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nti.org\/country-profiles\/china\/\" >China \u2013 Overview \u2013 NTI.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearfiles.org\/menu\/key-issues\/nuclear-weapons\/issues\/proliferation\/china\/index.htm\" >China \u2013 NuclearFiles.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nsarchive.gwu.edu\/NSAEBB\/NSAEBB26\/index.html\" >The Chinese Nuclear Weapons Program: Problems of Intelligence Collection and Analysis, 1964-1972\u2013 edited by William Burr \u2013 \u2013 published March 30, 2000 \u2013 GWU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/China\/ChinaArsenal.html\" >China\u2019s Nuclear Weapons \u2013 Present Capabilities \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/web.mit.edu\/efogg\/Public\/chinanuclear.pdf\" >The China\u2019s Nuclear Weapons Program and its Threat to the United States and Her Allies, by Erik Fogg \u2013 December 6, 2006 \u2013 MIT.edu \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/project2049.net\/half_lives_china_nuclear_warhead_program.pdf\" >\u201c<em>As such, the People\u2019s Republic of China (PRC) is improving its nuclear deterrent to undermine the coercive effects of other countries nuclear weapons. The People\u2019s Liberation Army\u2019s (PLA) Second Artillery Force is building a next generation intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM), and the PLA Navy is gradually working toward the goal of fielding nuclear submarines capable of launching a new submarine launched ballistic missile (SLBM)<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 HALVE LIVES: A PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT CHINA\u2019S NUCLEAR WARHEAD LIFE EXTENSION AND SAFETY PROGRAM \u2013 Project 2049 Institute \u2013 June 29, 2013 \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fas.org\/nuke\/guide\/china\/nuke\/index.html\" >\u201c<em>The first Chinese nuclear test was conducted at Lop Nor on 16 October 1964 (CHIC 1). It was a tower shot involving a fission device with a yield of 25 kilotons. Uranium 235 was used as the nuclear fuel, which indicates Beijing\u2019s choice of the path of creating high-yield nuclear weapons right away<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Nuclear Weapons \u2013 FAS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclearweaponarchive.org\/China\/ChinaTesting.html\" >China\u2019s Nuclear Weapons \u2013 China\u2019s Nuclear Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/world-nuclear.org\/info\/Country-Profiles\/Countries-A-F\/China--Nuclear-Power\/\" >Nuclear Power in China \u2013 WORLD NUCLEAR ASSOCIATION \u2013 World-Nuclear.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wilsoncenter.org\/sites\/default\/files\/soviet_policies_twrds_chinas_nuclear_weapons_prgm_1.pdf\" >THE NUCLEAR PROLIFERATION INTERNATIOAL HISTORY PROJECT WORKING PAPER SERIES \u2013 Between Aid and Restriction: Changing Soviet Policies toward China\u2019s Nuclear Weapons Program: 1954-1960, by Zhihua Shen and Yafeng Xia \u2013 NPIHP Working Paper #2 \u2013 May 2012 \u2013 WilsonCenter.org \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/articles\/2013-06-02\/china-nuclear-weapons-stock-grows-as-india-matches-pakistan-rise\" >China Nuclear Stockpile as India Matches Pakistan Rise, by Robert Wall \u2013 June 3, 2013 \u2013 Bloomberg.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nationalinterest.org\/feature\/should-america-fear-chinas-nuclear-weapons-11046\" >Should America Fear China\u2019s Nuclear Weapons? ,by Robert Farley \u2013 August 10, 2014 \u2013 The National Interest \u2013 NationalInterest.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_Republic_of_China\" >Timeline of China\u2019s nuclear program \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1966\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1966_Soviet_nuclear_tests\" >(underground)<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Novaya_Zemlya\" >Novaya Zemlya<\/a> USSR.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>USSR Nuclear Tests in 1966:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1966_Soviet_nuclear_tests\" >1966 Soviet nuclear tests &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>USSR\u2019s Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovwpnprog.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/tests\/USSR-ntestsS.html\" >Database of nuclear tests, USSR\/Russia: overview \u2013 JohnstonArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Underground Nuclear Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tightflash.org\/all_911\/third_truth\/nuclear_demolition_basic\/USGSOFR01312.pdf\" >The Containment of Soviet Underground Nuclear Explosions, by Vitaly V. Adshkin, and William Leith \u2013 OPEN FILE REPROT 01-312, September 2001 \u2013 US DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/srl.geoscienceworld.org\/content\/86\/2A\/451.full.pdf\" >Political Seismology or Seismological Politics: Natural Resources Defense Council \u2013 USSR Experiments in Underground Nuclear Test Verification, by Anna Amramina<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2013\/02\/11\/world\/asia\/north-korea-underground-explosion-explainer\/index.html\" >What happens with an underground nuclear test? , by Kevin Voigt \u2013 February 19, 2013 \u2013 CNN<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nnsa.energy.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/nv_sweis\/environmentalimpact\/v2\/Appendix%20H.pdf\" >APPENDIX H \u2013 UNDERGROUND NUCLEAR TESTING<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/gajitz.com\/buried-history-underground-nuclear-weapons-tests\/\" >Buried History: Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 GAJITZ.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theblogbelow.com\/2008\/07\/underground-nuclear-test.html\" >Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 TheBlogBelow.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ldeo.columbia.edu\/res\/pi\/Monitoring\/Arch\/BRV_arch_exp.html\" >Borovoye Archive Data from Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 Columbia.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/of\/1993\/0501\/report.pdf\" >Physical Environment of the Underground Nuclear Test Site on Novaya Zemlya, Russia, by John R. Matzko \u2013 Open-File Report 93-501- Reston, Virginia \u2013 1993 \u2013 THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOGRAPHICAL SURVEY<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Effect and\/or Impact of Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/page-3-effects-of-nuclear-weapon-testing-by-the-soviet-union\/\" >Page 3: Effects of Nuclear Weapon Testing by the Soviet Union \u2013 Economic, social, and environmental impacts \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/general-overview-of-theeffects-of-nuclear-testing\/\" >GENERAL OVERVIEW OF THE EFFECTS OF NUCLEAR TESTING \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/slashdot.org\/story\/13\/08\/20\/1738213\/the-secret-effort-to-clean-up-a-former-soviet-nuclear-test-site\" >The Secret Effort To Clean Up a Former Soviet Nuclear Test Site \u2013 Slashdot.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/citeseerx.ist.psu.edu\/viewdoc\/summary?doi=10.1.1.543.8580\" >A Review of Nuclear Testing by the Soviet Union at Novaya, by Vitaly I. Khalturin , Tatyana G. Rautian , Paul G. Richards , and William S. Leith \u2013 CiteSeerX- PSU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Novaya Zemlya Nuclear Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/wmd\/world\/russia\/novaya_zemlya_nuc.htm\" >Novaya Zemlya \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.atlasobscura.com\/places\/novaya-zemlya\" >NOVAYA ZEMLYA \u2013 AtlasObscura.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.giantbomb.com\/novaya-zemlya\/3035-3167\/\" >Novaya Zemlya \u2013 GiantBomb.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.arkcode.com\/custom3_64.html\" >NOVA ZEMLYA (NOVAYA ZEMLYA) 58 MEGA TON H BOMB TEST \u2013 ArkCode.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nti.org\/facilities\/924\/\" >Central Test Site of Russia on Novaya Zemlya \u2013 NTI.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www1.american.edu\/ted\/ice\/novalya.htm\" >ICE Case Studies \u2013 Novaya Zemlya, by Carrie McVicker \u2013 American.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/earthobservatory.nasa.gov\/IOTD\/view.php?id=39591\" >Novaya Zemlya Archipelago \u2013 Image \u2013 NASA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/novayazemlya.net\/\" >Novaya Zemlya Archipelago \u2013 NovayaZemlya.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclear-risks.org\/en\/hibakusha-worldwide\/novaya-zemlya.html\" >Novaya Zemlya, Russia \u2013 Nuclear-Risks.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/tass.ru\/en\/russia\/743105\" >Novaya Zemlya: test site for most powerful nuclear bomb ever detonated \u2013 July 31, 2014 \u2013 TASS Russian News Agency<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclearno.com\/text.asp?11073\" >Novaya Zemlya: birds, animals adapt nuclear test site, by Tatyana Sinitsyna \u2013 RIA Novosti, Russia \u2013 15 August 2006<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/of\/1993\/0501\/report.pdf\" >UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOGRPAPHICAL SURVEY \u2013 Physical Environment of the Underground Nuclear Test Site on Novaya Zemlya, Russia, by John R. Matzko \u2013 Open-File Report 93-501 \u2013 Reston, Virginia \u2013 1993<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1964\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ronald_Reagan\" >Ronald Reagan<\/a> delivers a speech on behalf of Republican candidate for president, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Barry_Goldwater\" >Barry Goldwater<\/a>. The speech launched his political career and came to be known as \u201c<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/A_Time_for_Choosing\" >A Time for Choosing<\/a>\u201c.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1962\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-united-states-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >US performs<\/a> atmospheric nuclear test at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Johnston_Atoll\" >Johnston Island<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Operation Dominic:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Operation_Dominic\" >Operation Dominic \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/OperationDOMINICNuclearTests1962\" >Operation DOMINIC Nuclear Tests 1962 \u2013 archive.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Nuclear Tests by the United States:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/general-overview-of-theeffects-of-nuclear-testing\/\" >GENERAL OVERVIEW OF THE EFFECTS OF NUCLEAR TESTING \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.atomcentral.com\/the-cold-war.aspx\" >The Cold War \u2013 AtomCentral.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_United_States\" >List of the nuclear weapons tests of the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Operation_Argus\" >Operation Argus \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Usa\/Tests\/\" >Gallery of US Nuclear Tests \u2013 NuclearArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.atomicarchive.com\/Almanac\/Testing.shtml\" >Nuclear Test Sites \u2013 AtomicArchive.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fas.org\/nuke\/guide\/usa\/nuclear\/nv209nar.pdf\" >United States Nuclear Tests: July 1945 Through September 1992 \u2013 FAS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Atmospheric\/High-altitude Nuclear Explosion Testing:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/High-altitude_nuclear_explosion\" >Atmospheric nuclear explosion \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/hane.html\" >High-altitude nuclear explosions, by Wm Robert Johnston \u2013 JohnstonsArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/history-of-nuclear-testing\/types-of-nuclear-weapons-tests\/\" >\u201c<em>Atmospheric testing refers to explosions which take place in the atmosphere<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 TYPES OF NUCLEA WEAPONS TESTS \u2013 CTBTO.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Johnston Atoll:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Johnston-Atoll\" >Johnston Atoll \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cma.army.mil\/fndocumentviewer.aspx?docid=003673775\" >An Ecological Assessment of Johnston Atoll \u2013 Army.mil<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Various Weapons Tests and Storage at Johnston Atoll, and Permanent Contamination:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/wmd\/facility\/johnston_atoll.htm\" >Johnston Atoll, and Kalama Atoll \u2013 WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/app.nimia.com\/video\/188781\/south-pacific-nuclear-tests-on-johnston-island-i-6\" >South Pacific tests on Johnston Island in 1951 \u2013 NIMIA.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nova.edu\/ncri\/11icrs\/proceedings\/files\/m23-13.pdf\" >Contaminants in Fishes from Johnston Atoll, by L. Kerr Lobel and P.S. Lobel \u2013 Boston University, Department of Biology<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/home.earthlink.net\/%7Erobertbfish\/id19.html\" >\u201c<em>During the Cold War era, the US Air Force used JI <\/em>[Johnston Island]<em> to support several highly classified missions. In the early 1960\u2019s, it was involved with Operation Dominic, which tested a primitive anti-ballistic missile system as well as the impact of EMP on military command and control systems<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Johnstone Island, by Bob Fish \u2013 EarthLink.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dodlegacy.org\/Legacy\/project\/productdocs\/2008%20Lobels%20ch%2017_sm_b884f77c-3e42-4ea2-ab14-26e9772bd358.pdf\" >Aspects of the Biology and Geomorphology of Johnston and Wake Atolls, Pacific Ocean, by Philp S. Lobel and Lisa Kerr Lobel \u2013 DODLegacy.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.parsons.com\/Media%20Library\/0903_CSDP.pdf\" >\u201c<em>Construction began on a Parsons-designed prototype full-scale chemical weapons incinerator at Johnston Island in the South Pacific Ocean<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program (CSDP) \u2013 Parsons.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2003\/01\/27\/us\/radioactive-dump-on-pacific-wildlife-refuge-raises-liability-concerns.html\" >\u201c<em>In the 1950\u2019s and 60\u2019s, the United States Air Force conducted 12 test launchings of nuclear missiles on tiny Johnston Atoll in the Pacific Ocean. In 1962, two of the shots were aborted and the missiles exploded over the runway, drenching the area in radioactive contaminants<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Radioactive Dump on Pacific Wildlife Refuge Raises Liability Concerns, by Katharine Q. Seelye \u2013 January 27, 2003 \u2013 The New York Times<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/afspacemuseum.org\/johnston\/\" >Johnston Island \u2013 Air Force Space &amp; Missile Museum<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/biologywriter.com\/backgrounder\/bioterror\/bioterror4\/\" >\u201c<em>At sunset one quiet July day an armada of ships was positioned in the ocean waters around Johnston Atoll, upwind from a line of barges with hundreds of cages containing Rhesus monkeys on their decks (figure 4)<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Bio Terror 4 \u2013 BiologyWriter \u2013 BiologyWriter.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/geos\/print_um.html\" >Johnston Atoll: \u201c<em>The site was used for high-altitude nuclear tests in the 1950s and 1960s. Until late in 2000 the atoll was maintained as a storage and disposal site for chemical weapons. Munitions destruction, cleanup, and closure of the facility were completed by May 2005<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 THE UNITED STATES PACIFIC ISLAND WILD LIFE REFUGES \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nautilus.org\/apsnet\/cleaning-up-johnston-atoll\/\" >Cleaning up Johnston Atoll \u2013 Nautilus Institute<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/ajw.asahi.com\/article\/forum\/security_and_territorial_issues\/japan_us\/AJ201503270059\" >South Pacific islands fell victim to tragedy of nuclear tests \u2013 March 27, 2015 \u2013 The Asahi Shimbun<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.war-stories.com\/ws-ao-johnston-island-1-1972.htm\" >AGENT ORANGE \u2013 Johnston Island, AFB \u2013 War-Stories.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.truth-out.org\/news\/item\/16945-deny-deny-until-all-the-veterans-die-pentagon-investigation-into-agent-orange-on-okinawa\" >\u201c<em>Another issue addressed by the investigation was a 2003 U.S. Army report \u2013 titled \u201cAn Ecological Assessment of Johnston Atoll\u201d \u2013 which stated that 25,000 barrels of Agent Orange had been on Okinawa prior to 1972<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Deny, Deny Until All the Veterans Die\u201d \u2013 Pentagon Investigation into Agent Orange in Okinawa \u2013 Truth-Out.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.guamagentorange.info\/yahoo_site_admin\/assets\/docs\/AgentOrange-JI.133194419.pdf\" >Summary Document: Agent Orange at Johnston Island \u2013 GuamAgentOrange.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.skyscanner.net\/news\/14-worlds-most-amazing-abandoned-airports\" >Johnston Atoll Airport, USA \u2013 <em>14 of the world\u2019s most amazing abandoned airports<\/em> \u2013 SkyScanner.net<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.guamagentorange.info\/yahoo_site_admin\/assets\/docs\/Johnston_Atoll_History.261114404.pdf\" >HISTORY OF JOHNSTON ATOLL \u2013 GuamAgentOrange.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www1.american.edu\/ted\/ice\/johns.htm\" >Case Name: Johnston Atoll Chemical Waste \u2013 Chemical Weapons Disposal Dispute \u2013 TED Case Study<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.urbanghostsmedia.com\/2010\/04\/isolated-and-abandoned-military-airbase-johnston-atoll\/\" >Johnstone Atoll: An Isolated and Abandoned Military Air Base in the Mid Pacific Ocean \u2013 8 April 2010 \u2013 UrganGhostsMedia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.thelivingmoon.com\/45jack_files\/03files\/Johnston_Atoll.html\" >Secret Bases \u2013 Johnston Atoll \u2013 TheLivingMoon.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jason-stevens.com\/2010\/07\/the-forgotten-island-of-johnston-atoll\/\" >The Forgotten Atoll of Johnston Atoll \u2013 Jason-Sevens.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/johnstonmemories.com\/\" >History of Johnston Island \u2013 Johnston Memories<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Nuclear Weapons and the United States:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nuclear_weapons_and_the_United_States\" >Nuclear Weapons and the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/us\/2014\/231697.htm\" >Nuclear Weapons Testing: History, Progress, Challenges: Verifications and Entry into Force of the CTBT \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/avc\/rls\/202015.htm\" >US Nuclear Weapons Stockpile Life Extension Programs \u2013 January 3, 2013 \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/research\/articles\/2014\/04\/28-50-nuclear-facts\" >50 Facts About US Nuclear Weapons Today \u2013 April 28, 2014 \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/research\/lecture\/2012\/08\/the-future-of-the-us-nuclear-triad\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Program, by Michaela Dodge \u2013 The Heritage Foundation<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.armscontrol.org\/act\/1997_05\/nas\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Policy \u2013 Arms Control Association<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252183576_The_Future_of_the_U.S._Nuclear_Weapons_Program\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Program, by Linton F. Brooks \u2013 ResearchGate.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/us\/2014\/233254.htm\" >US Nuclear Weapons Policy in the 21<sup>st<\/sup> Century \u2013 Rose Gottemoeller, Under Secretary\u00a0for Arms Control and International Security, \u00a0Dixie State University, St. George, Utah \u2013 October 21, 2014 \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1962\u00a0 <\/strong>A plane carrying <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Enrico_Mattei\" >Enrico Mattei<\/a>, post-war Italian administrator, crashes in mysterious circumstances.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1962\u00a0 <\/strong>Major <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rudolf_Anderson\" >Rudolf Anderson<\/a> of the United States Air Force becomes the only direct human casualty of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cuban_Missile_Crisis\" >Cuban Missile Crisis<\/a> when his <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lockheed_U-2\" >U-2 reconnaissance airplane<\/a> is shot down in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cuba\" >Cuba<\/a> by a Soviet-supplied <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SA-2_Guideline\" >SA-2 Guideline<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Surface-to-air_missile\" >surface-to-air missile<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1961\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> (barge) at Novaya Zemlya, USSR.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>USSR Nuclear Tests in 1961:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1961_Soviet_nuclear_tests\" >1961 Soviet nuclear tests &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>USSR\u2019s Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovwpnprog.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/tests\/USSR-ntestsS.html\" >Database of nuclear tests, USSR\/Russia: overview \u2013 JohnstonArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Novaya Zemlya Nuclear Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/wmd\/world\/russia\/novaya_zemlya_nuc.htm\" >Novaya Zemlya \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.atlasobscura.com\/places\/novaya-zemlya\" >NOVAYA ZEMLYA \u2013 AtlasObscura.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.giantbomb.com\/novaya-zemlya\/3035-3167\/\" >Novaya Zemlya \u2013 GiantBomb.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.arkcode.com\/custom3_64.html\" >NOVA ZEMLYA (NOVAYA ZEMLYA) 58 MEGA TON H BOMB TEST \u2013 ArkCode.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nti.org\/facilities\/924\/\" >Central Test Site of Russia on Novaya Zemlya \u2013 NTI.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www1.american.edu\/ted\/ice\/novalya.htm\" >ICE Case Studies \u2013 Novaya Zemlya, by Carrie McVicker \u2013 American.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/earthobservatory.nasa.gov\/IOTD\/view.php?id=39591\" >Novaya Zemlya Archipelago \u2013 Image \u2013 NASA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/novayazemlya.net\/\" >Novaya Zemlya Archipelago \u2013 NovayaZemlya.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclear-risks.org\/en\/hibakusha-worldwide\/novaya-zemlya.html\" >Novaya Zemlya, Russia \u2013 Nuclear-Risks.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/tass.ru\/en\/russia\/743105\" >Novaya Zemlya: test site for most powerful nuclear bomb ever detonated \u2013 July 31, 2014 \u2013 TASS Russian News Agency<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclearno.com\/text.asp?11073\" >Novaya Zemlya: birds, animals adapt nuclear test site, by Tatyana Sinitsyna \u2013 RIA Novosti, Russia \u2013 15 August 2006<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/of\/1993\/0501\/report.pdf\" >UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOGRPAPHICAL SURVEY \u2013 Physical Environment of the Underground Nuclear Test Site on Novaya Zemlya, Russia, by John R. Matzko \u2013 Open-File Report 93-501 \u2013 Reston, Virginia \u2013 1993<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1961\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mauritania\" >Mauritania<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mongolia\" >Mongolia<\/a> join the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Nations\" >United Nations<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Mauritania:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/geos\/mp.html\" >Mauritania \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Mauritania\" >Mauritania \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/mauritania.html\" >Mauritania \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.un.org\/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=Mauritania\" >Mauritania \u2013 UN Data<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.factmonster.com\/country\/mauritania.html\" >Mauritania \u2013 FactMonster.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.everyculture.com\/Ma-Ni\/Mauritania.html\" >Culture of Mauritania \u2013 EveryCulture.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-13881985\" >Mauritania country profile \u2013 Overview \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Foreign Relations of Mauritania:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_Mauritania\" >Foreign relations of Mauritania \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_the_foreign_relations_of_Mauritania\" >History of the foreign relations of Mauritania \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.photius.com\/countries\/mauritania\/government\/mauritania_government_foreign_relations.html\" >Mauritania \u2013 FOREIGN RELATIONS \u2013 PHOTIUS.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/mauritania\/62.htm\" >Mauritania \u2013 FOREIGN RELATIONS \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cfr.org\/region\/mauritania\/ri197\" >Mauritania \u2013 Council on Foreign Relations \u2013 CFR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Mauritania and the United Nations:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.un.int\/mauritania\/\" >Permanent Mission of the Islamic Republic of Mauritania to the United Nations<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.unog.ch\/unog\/website\/missions.nsf\/%28httpPermanentMissions_en%29\/488B92A804C25E4EC1256F4100451FF1\" >Permanent Mission of the Islamic Republic of Mauritania to the United Nations and other international organizations in Geneva<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/countries\/MENARegion\/Pages\/MRIndex.aspx\" >Mauritania \u2013 United Nations Office for High Commissioner for Human Rights<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of Mauritania:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Mauritania\" >History of Mauritania \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/mauritania\/3.htm\" >Mauritania \u2013 History \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/history-of-Mauritania\" >History of Mauritania \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/africanhistory.about.com\/od\/mauritania\/p\/MauritaniaHist1.htm\" >A Brief History of Mauritania \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.zum.de\/whkmla\/region\/northafrica\/mauritania19201939.html\" >Mauritania 1920-1939 \u2013 WORLD HITORY AT KLMA \u2013 Zum.de<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/mauritania\/history\" >Mauritania \u2013 History \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-13882166\" >Mauritania profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Economy of Mauritania:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_Mauritania\" >Economy of Mauritania \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/mauritania-economy.html\" >Mauritania \u2013 Economy \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/mauritania\" >Mauritania \u2013 Index \u2013 THE HERITAGE FOUNDATION<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/geos\/mp.html\" >Mauritania \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/mauritania\" >Mauritania \u2013 Data \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Mongolia:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/geos\/mg.html\" >Mongolia \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.un.org\/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=Mongolia\" >Mongolia \u2013 UN Data<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Mongolia\" >Mongolia \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/mongolia.html\" >Mongolia \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nationsonline.org\/oneworld\/mongolia.htm\" >Mongolia \u2013 NationsOnline.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-asia-pacific-15460525\" >Mongolia country profile \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Foreign Relations of Mongolia:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_Mongolia\" >Foreign relations of Mongolia \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.photius.com\/countries\/mongolia\/government\/mongolia_government_foreign_relations.html\" >Mongolia \u2013 Foreign Relations \u2013 PHOTIUS.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/military\/world\/mongolia\/forrel.htm\" >Mongolia \u2013 Foreign Relations \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbuy.com\/reference\/country\/backgrounds.html?code=mg&amp;sec=backforeignrelations\" >Backgrounds: Mongolia Foreign Relations \u2013 NCBuy.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cfr.org\/region\/mongolia\/ri241\" >Mongolia \u2013 Council on Foreign Relations<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Mongolia and the United Nations:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.un.int\/mongolia\/\" >Permanent Mission of Mongolia to the United Nations<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/embassy-finder.com\/mongolia_in_geneva_switzerland\" >Permanent Mission to the United Nations of Mongolia in Geneva<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of Mongolia:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Mongolia\" >History of Mongolia \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/mongolia\/3.htm\" >MONGLIA \u2013 History \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyworld.net\/wrldhis\/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=ac95\" >HISTORY OF MONGOLIA \u2013 HistoryWorld.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/history.howstuffworks.com\/asian-history\/history-of-mongolia.htm\" >History of Mongolia \u2013 HowStuffWorks.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/historyofmongolia.com\/1921.html\" >History of Mongolia \u2013 HistoryOfMongolia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_Mongolian_history\" >Timeline of Mongolian history \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/ancienthistory.about.com\/od\/timelines\/a\/Mongoliatime.htm\" >Mongolia Timeline \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-asia-pacific-15466133\" >Mongolia profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Economy of Mongolia:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_Mongolia\" >Economy of Mongolia \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.adb.org\/countries\/mongolia\/economy\" >Mongolia: Economy \u2013 Asian Development Bank<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/mongolia\" >Mongolia \u2013 Index \u2013 THE HERITAGE FOUNDATAION<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/country\/mongolia\" >Mongolia \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/\" >Mongolia \u2013 Data \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1961\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/NASA\" >NASA<\/a> tests the first <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Saturn_I\" >Saturn I<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rocket\" >rocket<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SA-1_%28Apollo%29\" >Mission Saturn-Apollo 1<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1958\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Iskander_Mirza\" >Iskander Mirza<\/a>, the first <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/President_of_Pakistan\" >President of Pakistan<\/a>, is deposed in a bloodless <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Coup_d%27%C3%A9tat\" >coup d\u2019\u00e9tat<\/a> by General <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ayub_Khan_%28President_of_Pakistan%29\" >Ayub Khan<\/a>, who had been appointed the enforcer of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Martial_law\" >martial law<\/a> by Mirza 20 days earlier.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1954\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Benjamin_O._Davis,_Jr.\" >Benjamin O Davis, Jr.<\/a> becomes the first <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/African-American\" >African-American<\/a> general in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States_Air_Force\" >United States Air Force<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1953\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-united-kingdomsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >British nuclear test<\/a> <em>Totem 2<\/em> is carried out at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Emu_Field,_South_Australia\" >Emu Field, South Australia<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>British Nuclear Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Operation_Totem\" >Operation Totem \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/British_nuclear_tests_at_Maralinga\" >British nuclear tests at Maralinga \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/australianmap.net\/emu-field\/\" >Emu Field \u2013 AustralianMap.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclear-risks.org\/en\/hibakusha-worldwide\/emu-field.html\" >Emu Field, Australia \u2013 Nuclear.Risks.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.breakingthenuclearchain.org\/ippnw-poster-exhibition\/-\/asset_publisher\/taN1\/content\/id\/130264905\" >\u201c<em>After testing its first nuclear weapons off the west coast of Australia in 1952, the UK sought to test its newer models on land. At Emu Field, the British detonated their two \u201cTotem\u201d nuclear devices in October of 1953, exposing a large population to radioactivity<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Emu Field, Australia nuclear test site \u2013 Breaking the Nuclear Chain<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Uk\/UKTesting.html\" >British Nuclear Testing \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.breakingthenuclearchain.org\/documents\/129875579\/130263921\/EmuField.pdf\" >Emu Field, Australia \u2013 Nuclear Weapons Test Site \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.academia.edu\/1694178\/The_brumby_and_the_bomb_archaeology_at_Maralinga\" >The brumby and bomb: archeology at Maralinga, by Alice Gorman \u2013 pdf downloadable<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1948\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/L%C3%A9opold_S%C3%A9dar_Senghor\" >L\u00e9opold S\u00e9dar Senghor<\/a> founds the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Senegalese_Democratic_Bloc\" >Senegalese Democratic Bloc<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1944\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_II\" >World War II<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wehrmacht\" >German forces<\/a> capture <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bansk%C3%A1_Bystrica\" >Bansk\u00e1 Bystrica<\/a> during <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Slovak_National_Uprising\" >Slovak National Uprising<\/a> thus bringing it to an end.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1936\u00a0 <\/strong>Mrs <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wallis_Simpson\" >Wallis Simpson<\/a> files for divorce which would eventually allow her to marry King <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Edward_VIII\" >Edward VIII<\/a> of the United Kingdom, thus forcing his <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Edward_VIII_abdication_crisis\" >abdication<\/a> from the throne.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1930\u00a0 <\/strong>Ratifications exchanged in London for the first <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/London_Naval_Treaty\" >London Naval Treaty<\/a>, signed in April modifying the 1925 <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Washington_Naval_Treaty\" >Washington Naval Treaty<\/a> and the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Treaty\" >arms limitation treaty<\/a>\u2018s modified provisions, go into effect immediately, further limiting the expensive naval arms race among its five signatories.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>London Naval Treaty of 1930:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/totallyhistory.com\/london-naval-treaty\/\" >London Naval Treaty \u2013 TotallyHistory.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/ww2ships.com\/documents\/doc0005-london1930.shtml\" >THE 1930 LONDON NAVAL TREATY \u2013 WW2Ships.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1921-1936\/london-naval-conf\" >London Naval Conference 1930 \u2013 OFFICE of the HISTORIAN \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/digital.library.northwestern.edu\/league\/le0292cp.pdf\" >Text of the London Naval Treaty 1930 \u2013 Northwestern.edu \u2013 pdf<\/a> <em><strong>or<\/strong><\/em> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/microworks.net\/pacific\/road_to_war\/london_treaty.htm\" >the same treaty text INTERNATIONAL TREATY FOR THE LIMITATION AND REDUCTION OF NAVAL ARMAMENT \u2013 MicroWorks.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1924\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Uzbek_Soviet_Socialist_Republic\" >Uzbek SSR<\/a> is founded in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soviet_Union\" >Soviet Union<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Soviet Union and the Uzbek Socialist Republic:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soviet_Union\" >Soviet Union \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Soviet-Union\" >Union of Soviet Socialist Republics \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/teacher.scholastic.com\/scholasticnews\/indepth\/upfront\/grolier\/ussr.htm\" >Union of Soviet Socialist Republics \u2013 Scholastic.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.encyclopedia.com\/topic\/Union_of_Soviet_Socialist_Republics.aspx\" >Union of Soviet Socialist Republics \u2013 Encyclopedia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Republics_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >Republics of the Soviet Union \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/historyofrussia.org\/countries-in-soviet-union\/\" >COUNTRIES IN THE SOVIET UNION \u2013 HISTORY OF RUSSIA \u2013 HistoryOfRussia.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2014\/jun\/09\/-sp-profiles-post-soviet-states\" >Post-Soviet world: what you need to know about the 15 states \u2013 June 09, 2014 \u2013 TheGuardian.co.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com\/Uzbek+Soviet+Socialist+Republic\" >Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic \u2013 TheFreeDictionary.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.countriesquest.com\/asia\/uzbekistan\/history\/soviet_period.htm\" >\u201c<em>In 1924 the borders of political units in Central Asia were changed, and the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic (SSR) was formed from territories of the Turkistan ASSR, the Bukharan People\u2019s Soviet Republic, and the Khorezmian People\u2019s Soviet Republic. The same year the Uzbek SSR became one of the republics of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), which had been created in 1922<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 History, Soviet Period \u2013 CountriesQuest.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/UzbekistanAnotherBigLeapForward\" >Uzbekistan; Another Big Forward, by Alimov, Alif \u2013 1960 \u2013 Archive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.popline.org\/node\/418141\" >\u201c<em>From the start, the USSR paid considerable attention to the emancipation of women. The task was linked to the need to achieve economic and cultural regeneration in the Central Asian Republic. This, in turn, helped to eliminate the economic and legal inequality of women. The elimination of illiteracy and land and water reform were of great importance among the measures designed to assure the equality of Uzbek women in the 1920s and 1930s<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic, by Kvasha AYa; Sudoplatov AP; Ata-Mirzaev AB; Kalinyuk IL; Moiseenko VM; Ubaidullayeva RA \u2013 Pipeline.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of Uzbekistan:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Uzbekistan\" >History of Uzbekistan \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/uzbekistan-history.html\" >Uzbekistan \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.advantour.com\/uzbekistan\/history.htm\" >History of Uzbekistan: General Information \u2013 Avantour.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/uzbekistan\/history\" >Uzbekistan \u2013 History \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/asianhistory.about.com\/od\/uzbekistan\/p\/UzbekistanProf.htm\" >Uzbekistan | Facts and History \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.uzbekistan.org\/uzbekistan\/history\/\" >ABOUT UZBEKISTAN \u2013 History \u2013 EMBASSY OF UZBEKISTAN TO THE UNITED STATES<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-asia-16218972\" >Uzbekistan profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Uzbekistan:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Uzbekistan\" >Uzbekistan \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/geos\/uz.html\" >Uzbekistan \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.un.org\/CountryProfile.aspx?crname=Uzbekistan\" >Uzbekistan \u2013 UN Data<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/uzbekistan.html\" >Uzbekistan \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Uzbekistan\" >Uzbekistan \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.phrasebase.com\/countries\/uzbekistan\/\" >Uzbekistan Facts \u2013 PhraseBase.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.factmonster.com\/country\/uzbekistan.html\" >Uzbekistan \u2013 FactMonster.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nationsonline.org\/oneworld\/uzbekistan.htm\" >Uzbekistan \u2013 NationsOnline.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.everyculture.com\/To-Z\/Uzbekistan.html\" >Uzbekistan \u2013 Culture \u2013 EveryCulture.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-asia-16218112\" >Uzbekistan country profile \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Human Rights in Uzbekistan:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Human_rights_in_Uzbekistan\" >Human rights in Uzbekistan \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.amnestyusa.org\/our-work\/countries\/europe\/uzbekistan\" >Uzbekistan Human Rights \u2013 Amnesty International<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/europe\/central-asia\/uzbekistan\" >\u201c<em>Uzbekistan\u2019s human rights record is atrocious. Thousands are imprisoned on politically-motivated charges. Torture is endemic in the criminal justice system<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Human Rights Watch<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.walkfree.org\/uzbek-slavery\/?utm_source=google&amp;utm_medium=cpc&amp;utm_campaign=uzbek-slavery\" >CUT OFF $500 MILLION LOAN TAINED BY UZBEK SLAVERY \u2013 Uzbek Slavery \u2013 WalkFree.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Foreign Relations of Uzbekistan:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_Uzbekistan\" >Foreign relations of Uzbekistan \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cfr.org\/region\/uzbekistan\/ri385\" >Uzbekistan \u2013 Council on Foreign Relations \u2013 CFR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.photius.com\/countries\/uzbekistan\/government\/uzbekistan_government_foreign_relations.html\" >Uzbekistan Foreign Relations \u2013 Photius.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pakistan%E2%80%93Uzbekistan_relations\" >Pakistan-Uzbekistan foreign relations \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/military\/world\/centralasia\/uzbek-forrel.htm\" >Uzbekistan \u2013 Foreign Relations \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/uzbekistan\/50.htm\" >Uzbekistan \u2013 Foreign Relations \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/r\/pa\/ei\/bgn\/2924.htm\" >US Relations with Uzbekistan \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Economy of Uzbekistan:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_Uzbekistan\" >Economy of Uzbekistan \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/country\/uzbekistan\" >Uzbekistan \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/uzbekistan\" >Uzbekistan \u2013 Data \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/uzbekistan\" >Uzbekistan \u2013 Index \u2013 THE HERITAGE FOUNDATION<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.adb.org\/countries\/uzbekistan\/economy\" >Uzbekistan: Economy \u2013 ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1922\u00a0 <\/strong>A referendum in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rhodesia\" >Rhodesia<\/a> rejects the country\u2019s annexation to the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/South_African_Union\" >South African Union<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>History of Rhodesia:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Rhodesia\" >Rhodesia \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/britishempire.co.uk\/maproom\/rhodesia.htm\" >Rhodesia \u2013 Brief History \u2013 BritishEmpire.co.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/peterbaxterafrica.com\/index.php\/2011\/08\/13\/a-brief-history-of-rhodesia\/\" >A brief history of Rhodesia \u2013 PeterBaxterAfrica.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.stockton.edu\/postcolonialstudies\/history-of-colonialism-in-rhodesia\/\" >History of Colonialism in Rhodesia \u2013 Stockton.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Southern-Rhodesia\" >Southern Rhodesia \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Southern_Rhodesia\" >Southern Rhodesia \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.crwflags.com\/fotw\/flags\/zm_nr.html\" >Northern Rhodesia (Zambia pre-independence) \u2013 CRWFlags.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.greatnorthroad.org\/boma\/Historical_Notes_on_Northern_Rhodesia\" >Historical Notes on Northern Rhodesia \u2013 GreatNorthRoad.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/wikipedy.com\/history_of_rhodesia_facts.htm\" >Rhodesia, facts and history of Rhodesia \u2013 Wikipedy.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rhodesia_%28name%29\" >\u201c<em><strong>Rhodesia<\/strong><\/em><em> is a historical region in southern Africa whose formal boundaries evolved between the 1890s and 1980. Demarcated and named by the British South Africa Company, which governed it until the 1920s, it thereafter saw administration by various authorities. It was bisected by a natural border, the Zambezi. The territory to the north of the Zambezi was officially designated Northern Rhodesia by the Company, and has been Zambia since 1964; that to the south, which the Company dubbed Southern Rhodesia, became Zimbabwe in 1980. Northern and Southern Rhodesia were sometimes informally called \u201cthe Rhodesias<\/em>\u201c.\u201d \u2013 Rhodesia (region) \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rhodesia_Regiment\" >\u201c<em>The <\/em><strong><em>Rhodesia Regiment<\/em><\/strong><em> (RR) was one of the oldest and largest regiments in the Rhodesian Army. It served on the side of the United Kingdom in the Second Boer War and the First and Second World Wars and served the Republic of Rhodesia in the Rhodesian Bush War<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Rhodesia Regiment \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/africanhistory.about.com\/od\/eraindependence\/a\/Federation-Of-Rhodesia-And-Nyasaland.htm\" >Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Rhodesia_%281965%E2%80%9379%29\" >History of Rhodesia (1965-79) \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rhodesia\" >Rhodesia\u2019s Unilateral Declaration of Independence (UDI) \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1916\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Segale\" >Battle of Segale<\/a>: Negus Mikael, marching on the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ethiopia\" >Ethiopian<\/a> capital in support of his son Emperor <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Iyasu_V\" >Iyasu V<\/a>, is defeated by Fitawrari abte Giyorgis, securing the throne for Empress <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zewditu_I\" >Zewditu I<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1914\u00a0 <\/strong>The British lose their first battleship of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_I\" >World War I<\/a>: The British <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Super-dreadnought\" >super-dreadnought<\/a> battleship <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/HMS_Audacious_%281912%29\" >HMS Audacious<\/a> (23,400 tons), is sunk off <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tory_Island\" >Tory Island<\/a>, north-west of Ireland, by a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Naval_mine\" >minefield<\/a> laid by the armed German merchant-cruiser <em>Berlin<\/em>.The loss was kept an official secret in Britain until November 14 1918. The sinking was witnessed and photographed by passengers on <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/RMS_Olympic\" >RMS\u00a0<em>Olympic<\/em><\/a> sister ship of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/RMS_Titanic\" >RMS\u00a0<em>Titanic<\/em><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1907\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%C4%8Cernov%C3%A1_massacre\" >\u010cernov\u00e1 massacre<\/a>: Fifteen people are killed in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lands_of_the_Crown_of_Saint_Stephen\" >Hungarian half<\/a> of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Austria-Hungary\" >Austria-Hungary<\/a> when a gunman opens fire on a crowd gathered at a church consecration. This would led to protests over the treatment of minorities in Austria-Hungary.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Some Ethnic Issues in the Austro-Hungarian Empire:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/hungarianpublications.org\/uploads\/text\/authors\/Romsics_Dism_First.pdf\" >Chapter 1: THE AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN MONARCHY BEFORE 1914: NATIONS AND ETHNIC CONFLICTS \u2013 HungarianPublications.org \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.academia.edu\/3232927\/_The_Ties_that_Bind_Ethnic_Cultural_and_Political_Diversity_in_the_Austro-Hungarian_Army_1914-1918\" >The Ties that Bind? : Ethnic, Cultural, and Political Diversity in the Austro-Hungarian Army, 1914-1918, uploaded by Jason Engle \u2013 Academia.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1904\u00a0 <\/strong>The first underground <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/New_York_City_Subway\" >New York City Subway<\/a> line opens; the system becomes the biggest in United States, and one of the biggest in world.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1870\u00a0 <\/strong>Marshal <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fran%C3%A7ois_Achille_Bazaine\" >Fran\u00e7ois Achille Bazaine<\/a> surrenders to <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kingdom_of_Prussia\" >Prussian<\/a> forces at the conclusion of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Siege_of_Metz_%281870%29\" >Siege of Metz<\/a> along with 140,000 French soldiers in one of the biggest French defeats of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Franco-Prussian_War\" >Franco-Prussian War<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1810\u00a0 <\/strong>United States annexes the former <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Spanish_colonization_of_the_Americas\" >Spanish colony<\/a> of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/West_Florida\" >West Florida<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1806\u00a0 <\/strong>The French Army enters Berlin, following the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Jena%E2%80%93Auerstedt\" >Battle of Jena\u2013Auerstedt<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1795\u00a0 <\/strong>The United States and Spain sign the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Treaty_of_Madrid_%281795%29\" >Treaty of Madrid<\/a>, which establishes the boundaries between <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Spanish_colonization_of_the_Americas\" >Spanish colonies<\/a> and the U.S.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>OCTOBER 28<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><strong>Today is the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/International_Animation_Day\" >INTERNATIONAL ANIMATION DAY<\/a>:<\/strong><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2014\u00a0 <\/strong>An unmanned <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Antares_%28rocket%29\" >Antares rocket<\/a> carrying <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/NASA\" >NASA<\/a>\u2018s <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cygnus_CRS_Orb-3\" >Cygnus CRS Orb-3<\/a> resupply mission to the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/International_Space_Station\" >International Space Station<\/a> explodes seconds after taking off from the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mid-Atlantic_Regional_Spaceport\" >Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Virginia\" >Virginia<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2013\u00a0 <\/strong>Five people are killed and 38 are injured after a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2013_Tiananmen_Square_attack\" >car crashes<\/a> into barriers just outside the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Forbidden_City\" >Forbidden City<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tiananmen_Square\" >Tiananmen Square<\/a>, Beijing, China.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2009\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/NASA\" >NASA<\/a> successfully launches the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ares_I-X\" >Ares I-X<\/a> mission, the only rocket launch for its later-cancelled <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Constellation_program\" >Constellation program<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2009\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/28_October_2009_Peshawar_bombing\" >28 October 2009 Peshawar bombing<\/a> kills 117 and wounds 213.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2007\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cristina_Fern%C3%A1ndez_de_Kirchner\" >Cristina Fern\u00e1ndez de Kirchner<\/a> becomes the first woman elected President of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Argentina\" >Argentina<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2006\u00a0 <\/strong>A group of ferocious activists of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bangladesh_Awami_League\" >Bangladesh Awami League<\/a> attacked one of their rival political party meeting in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dhaka\" >Dhaka<\/a> with oars and sculls and killed their 14 activists.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2006\u00a0 <\/strong>The funeral service takes place for those executed at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bykivnia\" >Bykivnia<\/a> forest, outside <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kiev\" >Kiev<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ukraine\" >Ukraine<\/a>. Eight hundred seventeen Ukrainian civilians (out of some 100,000) executed by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bolsheviks\" >Bolsheviks<\/a> at Bykivnia in 1930s \u2013 early 1940s are reburied.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2005\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Plame_affair\" >Plame affair<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lewis_Libby\" >Lewis Libby<\/a>, Vice-president <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dick_Cheney\" >Dick Cheney<\/a>\u2018s chief of staff, is indicted in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Valerie_Plame\" >Valerie Plame<\/a> case. Libby resigns later that day.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1998\u00a0 <\/strong>An <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Air_China\" >Air China<\/a> jetliner is hijacked by disgruntled pilot Yuan Bin and flown to <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Taiwan\" >Taiwan<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1995\u00a0 <\/strong>Two hundred eighty-nine people are killed and 265 injured in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1995_Baku_Metro_fire\" >Baku Metro fire<\/a>, the deadliest <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rapid_transit\" >subway<\/a> disaster.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1990\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Georgian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic\" >Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic<\/a> holds the first multiparty <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Supreme_Council_of_the_Republic_of_Georgia\" >legislature<\/a> election in the country\u2019s history.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>History of Georgia:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Georgia_%28country%29\" >History of Georgia (country) \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/georgia-country-asia-history.html\" >Georgia \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/georgia\/2.htm\" >Georgia \u2013 History \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-europe-17301647\" >Georgia \u2013 Country profile \u2013 Overview \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Republic of Georgia:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/geos\/gg.html\" >GEORGIA \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.un.org\/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=Georgia\" >Georgia \u2013 UN Data<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Georgia_%28country%29\" >Georgia (country) \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/georgia.html\" >Georgia \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nationsonline.org\/oneworld\/georgia.htm\" >Georgia \u2013 NationsOnline.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.countryreports.org\/country\/Georgia.htm\" >Georgia \u2013 Facts and Culture \u2013 CountryReports.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Georgia\" >Georgia \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Foreign Relations of the Republic of Georgia:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_Georgia\" >Foreign relations of Georgia \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cfr.org\/region\/georgia\/ri280\" >Georgia \u2013 Council on Foreign Relations \u2013 CFR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cfr.org\/georgia\/stability-security-sovereignty-republic-georgia\/p6656\" >Stability, Security and Sovereignty in the Republic of Georgia \u2013 CFR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/georgia\/64.htm\" >Georgia \u2013 Foreign Relations \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/r\/pa\/ei\/bgn\/5253.htm\" >US Relations with Georgia \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/military\/world\/georgia\/intro-fp.htm\" >Georgia \u2013 Foreign Relations \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mfa.gov.tr\/relations-between-turkey-and-georgia.en.mfa\" >Relations between Turkey and Georgia \u2013 REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Georgia_%28country%29%E2%80%93Germany_relations\" >Georgia-Germany relations \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cyprus%E2%80%93Georgia_%28country%29_relations\" >Cyprus-Georgia relations \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/France%E2%80%93Georgia_%28country%29_relations\" >France-Georgia relations \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Economy of the Republic of Georgia:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_Georgia_%28country%29\" >Economy of Georgia (country) \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/us\/georgia-state-united-states-economy.html\" >Georgia \u2013 Economy \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/country\/georgia\" >Georgia \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/georgia\" >Georgia \u2013 Data \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/georgia\" >Georgia \u2013 Index \u2013 THE HERITAGE FOUNDATION<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1982\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Spanish_Socialist_Workers%27_Party\" >Spanish Socialist Workers\u2019 Party<\/a> wins elections, leading to the first Socialist government in Spain after death of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Francisco_Franco\" >Franco<\/a>. <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Felipe_Gonz%C3%A1lez\" >Felipe Gonz\u00e1lez<\/a> becomes Prime Minister-elect.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1979\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> (underground) at Eastern Kazakh\/<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Semipalatinsk_Test_Site\" >Semipalitinsk<\/a> USSR.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>USSR Nuclear Tests in 1979:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1979_Soviet_nuclear_tests\" >1979 Soviet nuclear tests &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>USSR\u2019s Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovwpnprog.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/tests\/USSR-ntestsS.html\" >Database of nuclear tests, USSR\/Russia: overview \u2013 JohnstonArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Effect and\/or Impact of Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/page-3-effects-of-nuclear-weapon-testing-by-the-soviet-union\/\" >Page 3: Effects of Nuclear Weapon Testing by the Soviet Union \u2013 Economic, social, and environmental impacts \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/general-overview-of-theeffects-of-nuclear-testing\/\" >GENERAL OVERVIEW OF THE EFFECTS OF NUCLEAR TESTING \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/slashdot.org\/story\/13\/08\/20\/1738213\/the-secret-effort-to-clean-up-a-former-soviet-nuclear-test-site\" >The Secret Effort To Clean Up a Former Soviet Nuclear Test Site \u2013 Slashdot.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/citeseerx.ist.psu.edu\/viewdoc\/summary?doi=10.1.1.543.8580\" >A Review of Nuclear Testing by the Soviet Union at Novaya, by Vitaly I. Khalturin , Tatyana G. Rautian , Paul G. Richards , and William S. Leith \u2013 CiteSeerX- PSU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Underground Nuclear Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tightflash.org\/all_911\/third_truth\/nuclear_demolition_basic\/USGSOFR01312.pdf\" >The Containment of Soviet Underground Nuclear Explosions, by Vitaly V. Adshkin, and William Leith \u2013 OPEN FILE REPROT 01-312, September 2001 \u2013 US DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/srl.geoscienceworld.org\/content\/86\/2A\/451.full.pdf\" >Political Seismology or Seismological Politics: Natural Resources Defense Council \u2013 USSR Experiments in Underground Nuclear Test Verification, by Anna Amramina<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2013\/02\/11\/world\/asia\/north-korea-underground-explosion-explainer\/index.html\" >What happens with an underground nuclear test? , by Kevin Voigt \u2013 February 19, 2013 \u2013 CNN<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nnsa.energy.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/nv_sweis\/environmentalimpact\/v2\/Appendix%20H.pdf\" >APPENDIX H \u2013 UNDERGROUND NUCLEAR TESTING<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/gajitz.com\/buried-history-underground-nuclear-weapons-tests\/\" >Buried History: Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 GAJITZ.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theblogbelow.com\/2008\/07\/underground-nuclear-test.html\" >Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 TheBlogBelow.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ldeo.columbia.edu\/res\/pi\/Monitoring\/Arch\/BRV_arch_exp.html\" >Borovoye Archive Data from Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 Columbia.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/of\/1993\/0501\/report.pdf\" >Physical Environment of the Underground Nuclear Test Site on Novaya Zemlya, Russia, by John R. Matzko \u2013 Open-File Report 93-501- Reston, Virginia \u2013 1993 \u2013 THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOGRAPHICAL SURVEY<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.boston.com\/bigpicture\/2009\/11\/kazakhstans_radioactive_legacy.html\" >Kazakhstan\u2019s radioactive legacy \u2013 Boston.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/wn.com\/semipalatinsk_test_site\" >\u201cMy home: nuclear base Semipalatinsk \u2013 21\u201d, Episode 02 \u201cMain Testing Field\u201d (Video: 3 min. 14 sec.) \u2013 WN.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/soviet_nuclear_testing_semipalatinsk_20th_anniversary\/24311518.html\" >Slow Death In Kazakhstan\u2019s Land Of Nuclear Tests \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/carlwillis.wordpress.com\/2012\/08\/13\/visit-to-the-semipalatinsk-nuclear-test-site\/\" >Visit to the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 SPEICAL NUCLEAR MATERIAL<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www-ns.iaea.org\/appraisals\/semipalatinsk.asp\" >The Semipalatinsk Test Site, Kazakhstan \u2013 IAEA.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nti.org\/facilities\/732\/\" >Semipalatinsk Test Site \u2013 NTI.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/io9.com\/5988266\/the-tragic-story-of-the-semipalatinsk-nuclear-test-site\" >The Tragic Story of the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site, by Vincze Mikl\u00f3s \u2013 io9.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/Sixty_Years_After_First_Soviet_Nuclear_Test_Legacy_Of_Misery_Lives_On\/1809712.html\" >60 Years After First Soviet Nuclear Test, Legacy Of Misery Lives On In Kazakhstan \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty \u2013 Monday, August 10, 2015 \u2013 RFERL.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/2\/hi\/8236431.stm\" >Soviet nuclear tests leave Kazakh fallout \u2013 Sunday, 6 September 2009 \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/wp-dyn\/content\/story\/2010\/02\/24\/ST2010022403314.html?sid=ST2010022403314\" >In Kazakhstan, the race for uranium goes nuclear, by Philip P. Pan \u2013 Thursday, February 25, 2005 \u2013 The Washington Post<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclearno.com\/text.asp?17456\" >Secrets of Semipalatinsk: How nuclear theft was averted in Central Asia \u2013 NuclearNo.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/listverse.com\/2012\/05\/15\/top-10-nuclear-test-sites\/\" >Top 10 Nuclear Test Sites, Michael Affleck, May 15, 2012 \u2013 Our World \u2013 ListVerse.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Health, and Ecological Issues in Kazakhstan\/Semipalatinsk:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/reference.allrefer.com\/country-guide-study\/kazakhstan\/kazakhstan17.html\" >Kazakstan\/Kazakhstan \u2013 Environmental Problems \u2013 Reference.AllRefer.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclear-risks.org\/fileadmin\/user_upload\/pdfs\/HBWW_EN\/Semipalatinsk_EN_web.pdf\" >\u201cIn Semipalatinsk, the local population was exposed to high levels of radioactivity from nuclear weapon tests for several decades\u2026\u201d \u2013 Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: Nuclear test site \u2013 Nuclear-Risk.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/large.stanford.edu\/courses\/2014\/ph241\/powell2\/docs\/vakulchuk.pdf\" >Semipalatinsk nuclear testing: the humanitarian consequences \u2013 Norwegian Institute of International Affairs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclearfiles.org\/menu\/key-issues\/nuclear-weapons\/issues\/testing\/PDFs\/JC-143920%5B1%5D.pdf\" >Radionuclide Contamination at Kazakhstan\u2019s Semipalatinsk Test Site Implications on Human and Ecological Heath, by T.M. Carlsen, L.E. Peterson, B.A. Ulsh, C.A. Werner, K.L.Purvis, A.C. Sharber<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.irpa.net\/irpa10\/cdrom\/00504.pdf\" >Radiation Exposure on Residents due to Semipalatinsk Nuclear Tests \u2013 IRPA.net<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nukefreetexas.org\/downloads\/plutominum_uranium_semipalatinsk_test_site.pdf\" >Plutonium and Uranium in Human Bones from Areas surrounding the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 NukeFreeTexas.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.csmonitor.com\/World\/Asia-South-Central\/2013\/0828\/Secrets-of-Semipalatinsk-How-nuclear-theft-was-averted-in-Central-Asia\" >\u201cTheir research done on sample villages near the test site found cancer mortality rates 2-1\/2 times greater than those in a control village. The agency says some 356,000 people face radiation risk, with 70 percent of those being descendants of exposed villagers\u2026\u201d \u2013 Secrets of Semipalatinsk: How nuclear theft was averted in Central Asia \u2013 The Christian Science Monitor<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/cajgh.pitt.edu\/ojs\/index.php\/cajgh\/article\/view\/127\/0\" >Studies of Health Effects from Nuclear Testing near the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site Kazakhstan, by Bernd Grosche, Tamara Zhunussova, Kazbek Apsalikov, Ausrele Kesminiene<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.idosi.org\/wasj\/wasj23%285%2913\/19.pdf\" >Information Report on Biological Studies Conducted At the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 IDOSI.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/europepmc.org\/articles\/PMC3866702\" >Mortality from Cardiovascular Disease in the Semipalatinsk Historical Cohort, 1960 \u2013 1999, and its Relationship to Radiation Exposure \u2013 Europe PubMed Central<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1974\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-united-states-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >US performs nuclear test<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.onlinenevada.org\/articles\/underground-nuclear-testing-nevada-test-site\" >(underground)<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nevada_Test_Site\" >Nevada Test Site<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>US Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_United_States\" >List of the nuclear weapons tests of the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nuclear_weapons_and_the_United_States\" >Nuclear Weapons and the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.atomcentral.com\/the-cold-war.aspx\" >The Cold War \u2013 AtomCentral.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Nuclear Weapons and the United States:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nuclear_weapons_and_the_United_States\" >Nuclear Weapons and the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/us\/2014\/231697.htm\" >Nuclear Weapons Testing: History, Progress, Challenges: Verifications and Entry into Force of the CTBT \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/avc\/rls\/202015.htm\" >US Nuclear Weapons Stockpile Life Extension Programs \u2013 January 3, 2013 \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/research\/articles\/2014\/04\/28-50-nuclear-facts\" >50 Facts About US Nuclear Weapons Today \u2013 April 28, 2014 \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/research\/lecture\/2012\/08\/the-future-of-the-us-nuclear-triad\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Program, by Michaela Dodge \u2013 The Heritage Foundation<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.armscontrol.org\/act\/1997_05\/nas\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Policy \u2013 Arms Control Association<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252183576_The_Future_of_the_U.S._Nuclear_Weapons_Program\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Program, by Linton F. Brooks \u2013 ResearchGate.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/us\/2014\/233254.htm\" >US Nuclear Weapons Policy in the 21<sup>st<\/sup> Century \u2013 Rose Gottemoeller, Under Secretary\u00a0for Arms Control and International Security, \u00a0Dixie State University, St. George, Utah \u2013 October 21, 2014 \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Nevada Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fas.org\/nuke\/guide\/usa\/facility\/nts.htm\" >NEVADA TEST SITE \u2013 FAS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/wmd\/facility\/nts.htm\" >NEVADA TEST SITE \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.onlinenevada.org\/articles\/nevada-test-site-overview\" >Nevada Test Site Overview \u2013 OnlineNevada.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/about\/projects\/archive\/nucweapons\/nts\" >Nuclear testing at the Nevada Test Site \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/toxipedia.org\/display\/wanmec\/Nevada+Test+Site\" >Nevada Test Site \u2013 Toxipedia.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/digital.library.unlv.edu\/ntsohp\/\" >Nevada Test Site \u2013 Oral History Project<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/archure.net\/liberty\/nukenevada.html\" >NUKE TESTING in NEVADA \u2013 Archure.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nv.doe.gov\/library\/publications\/Environmental\/DOENV_11718_594.pdf\" >ECOLOGY OF THE NEVADA TEST SITE: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nevadatestsite.info\/\" >Nevada Test Site Workers Exposed to Radiation \u2013 National Cancer Benefits Center \u2013 NevadaTestSite.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/about\/projects\/archive\/nucweapons\/50\" >50 Facts About the US Nuclear Weapons \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Usa\/Tests\/\" >Gallery of US Nuclear Tests \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.acq.osd.mil\/ncbdp\/nm\/nm_book_5_11\/index.htm\" >The Nuclear Matters Handbook<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Ecological and Health Issues in and around the Nevada Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/cdclv.unlv.edu\/healthnv\/environment.html\" >Environment and the Quality of Life in Nevada \u2013 UNLV.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nv.doe.gov\/library\/publications\/Environmental\/DOENV_11718_594.pdf\" ><em>ECONLGOY OF THE NEVADA TEST SITE: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY WITH NARRATIVE SUMMARY, KEY WORD INDEX, AND SPECIES LISTS<\/em><em> \u2013<\/em> DOE\/NEV\/11718-594<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.osti.gov\/scitech\/biblio\/6458066\" >Nevada Applied Ecology Information Center: a review of technical information support provided to the Nevada Applied Ecology Group \u2013 Sci-Tech Connect<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/ecologycenter.org\/terrainmagazine\/summer-2002\/sovereignty-at-shoshone-mountain\/\" >\u201c<em>Between 1951 and 1992, the United States bombed its own soil with nuclear weapons \u2014 945 times. All but 17 of those explosions took place on a stretch of basin-and-range desert northwest of Las Vegas called the Nevada Test Site (NTS),\u2026<\/em>\u201d \u2013 Sovereignty at Shoshone Mountain \u2013 EcologyCenter.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.princeton.edu\/%7Eota\/disk1\/1989\/8909\/8909.PDF\" ><em>The Containment of Underground Nuclear Explosions<\/em> \u2013 Princeton.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nevadatestsite.info\/\" >Nevada Test Site Workers Exposed to Radiation \u2013 National Cancer Benefits Center<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1971\u00a0 <\/strong>Britain launches the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Satellite\" >satellite<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Prospero_%28satellite%29\" >Prospero<\/a> into <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Low_Earth_orbit\" >low Earth orbit<\/a> atop a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Black_Arrow\" >Black Arrow<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Carrier_rocket\" >carrier rocket<\/a>, the only British satellite to date launched by a British rocket.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1965\u00a0 <\/strong><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nostra_aetate\" >Nostra aetate<\/a><\/em>, the \u201cDeclaration on the Relation of the Church with Non-Christian Religions\u201d of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Second_Vatican_Council\" >Second Vatican Council<\/a>, is promulgated by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pope_Paul_VI\" >Pope Paul VI<\/a>; it absolves the Jews of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jewish_deicide\" >responsibility for the death of Jesus<\/a>, reversing <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pope_Innocent_III\" >Innocent III<\/a>\u2018s 760 year-old declaration.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Vatican Council II:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/society\/vatican-council-second.html\" >Vatican Council, Second \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.frben.com\/documents\/Vatican_Council_II_Overview_-_Handout.pdf\" >Vatican Council II \u2013 Overview, by Rev. Benjamin P. Bradshaw \u2013 pdf \u2013 FRBEN.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.npr.org\/2012\/10\/10\/162573716\/why-is-vatican-ii-so-important\" >Why Is Vatican II So Important? ,by Jordan G. Teicher \u2013 October 10, 2012 \u2013 NPR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.doomsdayprophecies.info\/vatican-ii\/\" >Second Vatican Council, Heresies, Documents, Summary, and Fact \u2013 Vatican Council II \u2013 DoomsDayProficies.info<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Vatican Council II Documents:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.searchlightvs.com\/SCF\/vatican_II\/Vat_summary.pdf\" >Vatican II \u2013 Summary and Reflection of Vatican II Documents \u2013 pdf \u2013 Serchlightsvs.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.catholicculture.org\/culture\/library\/view.cfm?recnum=10034\" >A Summary and Guide to the Documents of the Second Vatican Counci \u2013 CatholicCulture.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.vatican.va\/archive\/hist_councils\/ii_vatican_council\/documents\/vat-ii_const_19641121_lumen-gentium_en.html\" >DOGMATIC CONSTITUTION ON THE CHURCH <em><strong>LUMEN GENTIUM<\/strong><\/em> SOLEMNLY PROMULGATED BY HIS HOLINESS POPE PAUL VI ON NOVEMBER 21, 1964 \u2013 Vatican.va<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.vatican.va\/archive\/hist_councils\/ii_vatican_council\/documents\/vat-ii_const_19651118_dei-verbum_en.html\" >DOGMATIC CONSTITUTION ON DIVINE REVELATION <em><strong>DEI VERBUM<\/strong><\/em> SOLEMNLY PROMULGATED BY HIS HOLINESS POPE PAUL VI ON NOVEMBER 18, 1965 \u2013 Vatican.va<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ewtn.com\/library\/COUNCILS\/V2ALL.HTM\" >SECOND VATICAN COUNCIL \u2013 The 16 Documents \u2013 EWTN.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1964\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vietnam_War\" >Vietnam War<\/a>: US officials deny any involvement in bombing <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/North_Vietnam\" >North Vietnam<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Vietnam War in 1964:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"..\/..\/..\/..\/..\/..\/..\/Korisnik\/Downloads\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1964_in_the_Vietnam_War\">1964 in the Vietnam War \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>US Denial of the North Vietnam Bombing:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/u-s-officials-deny-any-involvement-in-bombing-of-north-vietnam\" >OCT 28, 1964: THIS DAY IN HISTORY: US officials deny any involvement in bombing North Vietnam. \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brainyhistory.com\/events\/1964\/august_5_1964_128610.html\" >August 5, 1964 US begins bombing North Vietnam<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.presidency.ucsb.edu\/vietnam\/timeline.php\" >\u201cMarch 1964 \u2013 Secret US \u2013backed bombing raids begin against the Ho Chi Minh trail inside Laos, conducted by mercenaries flying old American fighter planes.\u201d \u2013 The War in Vietnam: Escalation Phase \u2013 UCSB.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/pov\/mostdangerousman\/secrets2.php\" >Chapter 1. The Tonkin Gulf August 1964 \u2013 Excerpt from Ellsberg\u2019s Memoir, Secrets \u2013 PBS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.paperlessarchives.com\/vw_gulf_of_tonkin.html\" >\u201c<em>More recent analysis of that data and additional information gathered on the 4 August episode, now makes it clear that North Vietnamese naval forces did not attack Maddox and Turner Joy that night in the summer of 1964<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 GULF OF TONKIN INCIDENT \u2013 DOCUMENTS \u2013 AUDIORECORDINGS \u2013 PHOTOS \u2013 PaperlessArchives.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/politics\/us-planned-before-tonkin-for-war-on-north-files-show\/2012\/06\/07\/gJQAMKyALV_story.html\" >US Planned Before Tonkin For War on North, Files Show, by Murrey Marder and Chalmers M. Roberts \u2013 June 14, 1971 \u2013 The Washington Post<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyplace.com\/unitedstates\/vietnam\/index-1961.html\" >The History Place presents The Vietnam War: America commits 1961 \u2013 1964 \u2013 HistoryPlace.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1962\u00a0 <\/strong>End of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cuban_Missile_Crisis\" >Cuban Missile Crisis<\/a>: Soviet Premier <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nikita_Khrushchev\" >Nikita Khrushchev<\/a> orders the removal of Soviet missiles from <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cuba\" >Cuba<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Cuban Missile Crisis:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/the-cuban-missile-crisis-comes-to-an-end\" >OCT 28, 1962: THIS DAY IN HISTORY: The Cuban Missile Crisis comes to an end \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/cuban-missile-crisis\" >OCT 22, 1962: THIS DAY IN HISTORY: Cuban Missile Crisis \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/cold-war\/cuban-missile-crisis\" >CUBAN MISSILE CR2SIS \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/microsites.jfklibrary.org\/cmc\/\" >THE WORLD ON THE BRINK \u2013 JFKLibrary.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jfklibrary.org\/JFK\/JFK-in-History\/Cuban-Missile-Crisis.aspx\" >Cuban Missile Crisis \u2013 JFKLibrary.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/edsitement.neh.gov\/lesson-plan\/missiles-october-cuban-missile-crisis-1962\" >The Cuban Missile Crisis, 1962: The Missile of October \u2013 NEH.gov<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/bos.sagepub.com\/content\/68\/6\/85.full\" >The Cuban Missile Crisis: A nuclear order of battle, October and November 1962 \u2013 SagePub.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/topics.nytimes.com\/top\/reference\/timestopics\/subjects\/c\/cuban_missile_crisis\/index.html\" >Cuban Missile Crisis \u2013 Articles about the Cuban Missile Crisis \u2013 The New York Times<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cubanmissilecrisis.org\/\" >Cuban Missile Crisis \u2013 Harvard Kennedy School \u2013 CubanMissileCrisis.org<\/a>, <em><strong>and<\/strong><\/em> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cubanmissilecrisis.org\/background\/\" >About the Crisis<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/1962\/oct\/28\/cuba\" >A chance to save the world \u2013 TheGuardian.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Timeline of the Cuban Missile Crisis:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.softschools.com\/timelines\/cuban_missile_crisis_timeline\/108\/\" >Cuban Missile Crisis Timeline \u2013 SoftSchool.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/worldhistoryproject.org\/topics\/cuban-missile-crisis\" >Cuban Missile Crisis timeline \u2013 WorldHistoryProject.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thecubancrisis.weebly.com\/timeline.html\" >The Cuban Missile Crisis \u2013 Weebly.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyofcuba.com\/history\/Crisis\/crisis2.htm\" >THE CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS TIMELINE \u2013 HistoryOfCuba.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/cubanmissilecrisiscjcummings.weebly.com\/13-days-of-crisis-timeline.html\" >13 DAYS OF CRISIS TIMELINE \u2013 Cuban Missile Crisis \u2013 Weebly.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/classroom.sdmesa.edu\/aoberbauer\/Shared%20Documents\/Cuban%20Missile%20Crisis_%20Timeline.pdf\" >Cuban Missile Crisis Timeline \u2013 SDMesa.edu \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1962\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> at Eastern Kazakh\/<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Semipalatinsk_Test_Site\" >Semipalitinsk<\/a> USSR.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>For some more pertinent information, see<\/em><strong> \u201c1979 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> at Eastern Kazakh\/<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Semipalatinsk_Test_Site\" >Semipalatinsk<\/a> USSR\u201d, <em>mentioned above.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1958\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/John_XXIII\" >John XXIII<\/a> is elected <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pope\" >Pope<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>John XXIII:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/people\/john-xxiii-pope.html\" >John XXIII \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Saint-John-XXIII\" >Saint John XXIII \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.vatican.va\/special\/canonizzazione-27042014\/documents\/biografia_gxxiii_canonizzazione_en.html\" >BIOGRAPHICAL PROFILE \u2013 JOHN XXIII (1881 \u2013 1963) \u2013 Vatican.va<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/w2.vatican.va\/content\/john-xxiii\/en.html\" >John XXIII \u2013 HOLY FATHER \u2013 S. Ioannes PP. XXIII \u2013 Vatican.va<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.vatican.va\/news_services\/liturgy\/saints\/ns_lit_doc_20000903_john-xxiii_en.html\" >POPE JOHN XXIII \u2013 Vactican.va<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.foxnews.com\/world\/2014\/04\/27\/life-pope-john-xxiii\/\" >The Life of Pope John XXIII \u2013 FoxNews.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/worldhistoryproject.org\/topics\/pope-john-xxiii\" >Pope John XXIII timeline \u2013 WorldHistoryProject.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1951\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-united-states-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >US performs nuclear test<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nevada_Test_Site\" >Nevada Test Site<\/a>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>For some more pertinent information, see<\/em> \u201c<strong>1974<\/strong> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-united-states-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >US performs nuclear test<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nevada_Test_Site\" >Nevada Test Site<\/a>\u201d , <em>mentioned above.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1949\u00a0 <\/strong>An <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Air_France\" >Air France<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lockheed_L-749_Constellation\" >Lockheed Constellation<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1949_Air_France_Lockheed_Constellation_crash\" >crashes<\/a> in the Azores killing all people on board, including the French former middleweight world champion boxer <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marcel_Cerdan\" >Marcel Cerdan<\/a> and French violinist <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ginette_Neveu\" >Ginette Neveu<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>1948\u00a0 <\/strong>Swiss chemist <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Paul_Hermann_M%C3%BCller\" >Paul M\u00fcller<\/a> is awarded the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nobel_Prize_in_Physiology_or_Medicine\" >Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine<\/a> for his discovery of the insecticidal properties of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DDT\" >DDT<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1942\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alaska_Highway\" >Alaska Highway<\/a> (Alcan Highway) is completed through Canada to <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fairbanks,_Alaska\" >Fairbanks, Alaska<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1940\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_II\" >World War II<\/a>: Greece rejects Italy\u2019s ultimatum. So, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Greco-Italian_War\" >Greco-Italian War<\/a> began. <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Italy\" >Italy<\/a> invades <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Greece\" >Greece<\/a> through <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Albania\" >Albania<\/a>, marking Greece\u2019s entry into World War II.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Greco-Italian War:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.comandosupremo.com\/italian-invasion-of-greece-1940-41-part-one.html\" >Italian Invasion of Greece 1940-41: Part One \u2013 ComandoSupremo.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/military.wikia.com\/wiki\/Greco-Italian_War\" >Greco-Italian War \u2013 Military.Wikia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/forum.axishistory.com\/viewtopic.php?t=57911\" >Greco-Italian War, October 1940-April 1941 \u2013 AxisHistory.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Greece\" >\u201c<em>At the time of the Nazi German invasion, Greece was at war with Fascist Italy, following the Italian invasion on 28 October 1940. The Greeks joined the Allies and defeated the initial Italian attack and the counter-attack of March 1941<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Battle of Greece \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.hellenicaworld.com\/Greece\/History\/en\/GrecoItalianWar.html\" >Greco-Italian War \u2013 HellenicaWorld.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mlahanas.de\/Greece\/History\/GrecoItalianWar.html\" >Greco-Italian War \u2013 Mlahanas.de<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rarenewspapers.com\/view\/567671\" >Italy invades Greece in 1940 \u2013 THE NEW YORK TIMES October 31, 1940 \u2013 RareNewspaper.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.slideshare.net\/mike1512\/the-greco-italian-war-28199556\" >The Greco-Italian War \u2013 SlideShare.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1929\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Black_Monday\" >Black Monday<\/a>, a day in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wall_Street_Crash_of_1929\" >Wall Street Crash of 1929<\/a>, which also saw major stock market upheaval.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Great Depression of 1929:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/great-depression\" >THE GREAT DEPRESSION \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Great-Depression\" >Great Depression \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.english.illinois.edu\/maps\/depression\/about.htm\" >About the Great Depression \u2013 Illinois.edu<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.econlib.org\/library\/Enc\/GreatDepression.html\" >Great Depression, by Gene Smiley \u2013 Library of Economics and Liberty<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/useconomy.about.com\/od\/grossdomesticproduct\/p\/1929_Depression.htm\" >The Great Depression of 1929 \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gwu.edu\/%7Eerpapers\/teachinger\/glossary\/great-depression.cfm\" >The Great Depression (1929-1939) \u2013 Teaching Eleanor Roosevelt Glossary \u2013 GWU.edu<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sjsu.edu\/faculty\/watkins\/dep1929.htm\" >The Great Depression of the 1930s and Its Origins \u2013 SJSU.edu<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/study.com\/academy\/lesson\/the-great-depression-the-wall-street-crash-of-1929-and-other-causes.html\" >The Great Depression: The Wall Street Crash of 1929 and Other Causes \u2013 Study.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Timeline of the Great Depression:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/wgbh\/americanexperience\/features\/timeline\/rails-timeline\/\" >Timeline of the Great Depression \u2013 AMECRIAN EXPERIENCE \u2013 PBS.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.hyperhistory.com\/online_n2\/connections_n2\/great_depression.html\" >THE TIMELINE OF THE GREAT DEPRESSION \u2013 HyperHistory.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1928\u00a0 <\/strong>Declaration of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Youth_Pledge\" >Youth Pledge<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indonesia\" >Indonesia<\/a>, the first time <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indonesia_Raya\" >Indonesia Raya<\/a>, now the national anthem, was sung.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Indonesian National Anthem \u2013 \u201cIndonesia Rasa\u201d:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=Rc2dG7uMlhA\" >YouTube video (2 min. 11 sec.): Indonesian National Anthem \u201cIndonesian Rasa\u201d<\/a>, <em><strong>or <\/strong><\/em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=u6CAMOfzlY0\" >YouTube video (2 min. 25 sec.): Indonesia National Anthem (All Artist) \u2013 INDONESIA RASA<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>World National Anthems:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_national_anthems\" >List of national anthems \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/national-anthems.net\/\" >National Anthems \u2013 NationalAnthems.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.flagdom.com\/flag-resources\/national-anthems\/\" >National Anthems of the World \u2013 Flagdom.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/education.nationalgeographic.com\/archive\/xpeditions\/lessons\/03\/gk2\/worldview.html\" >World View: National Anthems Around the World \u2013 NationalGeographic.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/user\/VocalNationalAnthems\" >VocalNationalAnthems \u2013 YouTube.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1922\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/March_on_Rome\" >March on Rome<\/a>: Italian <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fascist\" >fascists<\/a> led by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Benito_Mussolini\" >Benito Mussolini<\/a> march on Rome and take over the Italian government.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Benito Mussolini:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/world-war-ii\/benito-mussolini\" >BENITO MUSSOLINI \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/history1900s.about.com\/od\/people\/a\/Mussolini.htm\" >Who Was Benito Mussolini? \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/europeanhistory.about.com\/od\/italyandthecitystates\/p\/prmussolini.htm\" >Benito Mussolini \u2013 Summary of Mussolini \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.biography.com\/people\/benito-mussolini-9419443#%21\" >Benito Mussolini (1983-1945) \u2013 Biography.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.comandosupremo.com\/benito-mussolini.html\" >Benito Mussolini \u2013 CommandoSupremo.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.digitalhistory.uh.edu\/disp_textbook.cfm?smtID=2&amp;psid=3486\" >\u201c<em>Benito Mussolini\u2019s Italy posed another threat to world peace. Mussolini, Italy\u2019s ruler from 1922 to 1943, promised to restore his country\u2019s martial glory. Surrounded by storm troopers dressed in black shirts, Mussolini delivered impassioned speeches from balconies, while crowds chanted, \u2018Duce! Duce!<\/em>\u2019\u201d \u2013 Italy \u2013 Digital History ID 3486 \u2013 Digital History \u2013 UH.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/news\/9-things-you-may-not-know-about-mussolini\" >9 Things You May Not Know About Mussolini \u2013 HISTORY IN THE HEADLINES \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Mussolini\u2019s Doctrine:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldfuturefund.org\/wffmaster\/Reading\/Germany\/mussolini.htm\" >THE DOCTRINE OF FASCISM \u2013 BENITO MUSSOLIN (1932) \u2013 WorldFutureFund.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.wwnorton.com\/college\/history\/ralph\/workbook\/ralprs35.htm\" >The Basic Philosophy of Fascism: Benito Mussolini \u2013 Chapter 35 \u2013 WWNorton.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyguide.org\/europe\/duce.html\" >Mussolini, Doctrine of Fascism (1932) \u2013 The History Guide \u2013 HistoryGuide.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/hollowverse.com\/benito-mussolini\/\" >The Religion and Political Views of Benito Mussolini \u2013 HallowVerse.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fascism\" >Fascism \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.philosophybasics.com\/branch_fascism.html\" >\u201c<em><strong>Italian Fascism<\/strong><\/em><em> (in Italian, <\/em><strong><em>Fascismo<\/em><\/strong><em>) is the <\/em><strong><em>authoritarian<\/em><\/strong><em> political movement which ruled Italy from 1922 to 1943 under the leadership of <\/em><strong><em>Benito Mussolini<\/em><\/strong><em> (1883 \u2013 1945). It is the <\/em><strong><em>original model<\/em><\/strong><em> which inspired other Fascist ideologies, and is generally referred to simply as Fascism<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 The Basics of Philosophy \u2013 PhilosophyBasics.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.fsmitha.com\/h2\/phil-pareto.htm\" >Fascism and Philosophy \u2013 MACRO HISTORY AND THE TIMELINE<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.kyliemccormick.com\/italianholocaust\/mussolini.htm\" >Mussolini and Jews \u2013 THE ITALIAN HOLOCAUST<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.crf-usa.org\/bill-of-rights-in-action\/bria-25-4-mussolini-and-the-rise-of-fascism.html\" >Mussolini and the Rise of Fascism \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS FOUNDATION \u2013 <em>Bill of Rights in Action \u2013 <\/em>SUMMER 2010 (Volume 25, No. 4)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/greatspeeches.wordpress.com\/category\/twentieth-century-speeches\/benito-mussolini-speeches\/\" >Archive for the Benito Mussolini Speeches\u2019 Category \u2013 HISTORICAL SPEECHES \u2013 WordPress.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Timeline \u2013 Mussolini:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historymole.com\/cgi-bin\/main\/results.pl?theme=10025525\" >Timeline \u2013 Benito Mussolini \u2013 HistoryMole.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.softschools.com\/timelines\/mussolini_timeline\/207\/\" >Mussolini Timeline \u2013 SoftSchools.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/skepticism.org\/timelines\/tag\/people\/benito-mussolini\/order:year\/criteria:4\/tmpl_suffix:_table\/\" >Mussolini Timeline \u2013 Skepticism.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/whenintime.com\/tl\/family\/Benito_Mussolini\/\" >Family of Benito Mussolini \u2013 Timeline \u2013 WhenInTime.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/history\/historic_figures\/mussolini_benito.shtml\" >History \u2013 Benito Mussolini (1983-1945) \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1919\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States_Congress\" >US Congress<\/a> passes the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Volstead_Act\" >Volstead Act<\/a> over President <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Woodrow_Wilson\" >Woodrow Wilson<\/a>\u2018s veto, paving the way for <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Prohibition_in_the_United_States\" >Prohibition<\/a> to begin the following January.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1918\u00a0 <\/strong>A new Polish government in Western <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Galicia_%28Eastern_Europe%29\" >Galicia<\/a> is established.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1918\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_I\" >World War I<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Czechoslovakia\" >Czechoslovakia<\/a> is granted independence from <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Austria-Hungary\" >Austria-Hungary<\/a> marking the beginning of an independent Czechoslovak state, after 300 years.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1904\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Panama\" >Panama<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Uruguay\" >Uruguay<\/a> establish <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Panama%E2%80%93Uruguay_relations\" >diplomatic links<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1886\u00a0 <\/strong>In <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/New_York_Harbor\" >New York Harbor<\/a>, President <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Grover_Cleveland\" >Grover Cleveland<\/a> dedicates the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Statue_of_Liberty\" >Statue of Liberty<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1848\u00a0 <\/strong>The first railroad in Spain between <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Barcelona\" >Barcelona<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Matar%C3%B3\" >Matar\u00f3<\/a> is opened.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1835\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Tribes_of_New_Zealand\" >United Tribes of New Zealand<\/a> is established with the signature of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Declaration_of_the_Independence_of_New_Zealand\" >Declaration of Independence<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1834\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pinjarra_massacre\" >Pinjarra massacre<\/a> occurred in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Swan_River_Colony\" >Swan River Colony<\/a> at present-day <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pinjarra,_Western_Australia\" >Pinjarra, Western Australia<\/a>. An estimated 30 Noongar people were killed by British colonists.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>OCTOBER 29<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><strong>Today is the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_Stroke_Day\" >WORLD STROKE DAY<\/a>:<\/strong><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2014\u00a0 <\/strong>A <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2014_Badulla_landslide\" >mudslide<\/a> in south-central <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sri_Lanka\" >Sri Lanka<\/a> kills at least 16 people and more than 100 people missing.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2013\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Turkey\" >Turkey<\/a> opens a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marmaray\" >sea tunnel<\/a> connecting Europe and Asia across the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bosphorus_Strait\" >Bosphorus Strait<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Istanbul\" >Istanbul<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2005\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/29_October_2005_Delhi_bombings\" >Bombings in Delhi<\/a> kill more than 60.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2004\u00a0 <\/strong>The Arabic-language news network <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Al_Jazeera\" >Al Jazeera<\/a> broadcasts an excerpt from a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2004_Osama_bin_Laden_video\" >2004 Osama bin Laden video<\/a> in which the terrorist leader first admits direct responsibility for the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/September_11,_2001_attacks\" >September 11, 2001 attacks<\/a> and references the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2004_U.S._presidential_election\" >2004 U.S. presidential election<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2002\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ho_Chi_Minh_City_ITC_fire\" >Ho Chi Minh City ITC fire<\/a>, a fire destroys a luxurious department store where 1500 people are shopping. Over 60 people die and over 100 are unaccounted for. It is the deadliest disaster in Vietnam during peacetime.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1999\u00a0 <\/strong>A <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1999_Odisha_cyclone\" >large cyclone<\/a> devastates <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Odisha\" >Odisha<\/a>, India.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1998\u00a0 <\/strong>While <em>en route<\/em> from <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Adana\" >Adana<\/a> to <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ankara\" >Ankara<\/a>, a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Turkish_Airlines\" >Turkish Airlines<\/a> flight with a crew of six and 33 passengers is hijacked by a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kurd\" >Kurdish<\/a> militant who orders the pilot to fly to Switzerland. The plane instead lands in Ankara after the pilot tricked the hijacker into thinking that he is landing in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bulgaria\" >Bulgarian<\/a> capital of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sofia\" >Sofia<\/a> to refuel.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1998\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ATSC\" >ATSC<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/HDTV\" >HDTV<\/a> broadcasting in the United States is inaugurated with the launch of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/STS-95\" >STS-95<\/a> space shuttle mission.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1998\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Space_Shuttle_Discovery\" >Space Shuttle Discovery<\/a> blasts off on <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/STS-95\" >STS-95<\/a> with 77-year-old <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/John_Glenn\" >John Glenn<\/a> on board, making him the oldest person to go into space.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Space Shuttle Discovery on October 29, 1998:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/john-glenn-returns-to-space\" >OCT 29, 1998: THIS DAY IN HISTORY: John Glenn returns to space<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/centers\/glenn\/about\/bios\/shuttle_mission.html\" >NASA \u2013 John Glenn Returns to Space \u2013 NASA History \u2013 NASA.gov<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/centers\/glenn\/about\/bios\/john_glenn.html\" >Glenn Research Center \u2013 John H Glenn \u2013 A Journey \u2013 NASA.gov<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1998\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Apartheid\" >Apartheid<\/a>: In South Africa, the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Truth_and_Reconciliation_Commission_%28South_Africa%29\" >Truth and Reconciliation Commission<\/a> presents its report, which condemns both sides for committing atrocities.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>History of Apartheid (South Africa):<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/africanhistory.about.com\/od\/apartheid\/\" >\u201c<em>The Afrikaans word meaning \u2018separation\u2019, Apartheid was the racial, social policy introduced by the National Party government of South Africa in 1948<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Apartheid \u2013 About education \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www-cs-students.stanford.edu\/%7Ecale\/cs201\/apartheid.hist.html\" >The History of Apartheid in South Africa \u2013 Stanford.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Apartheid#Precursors\" >Precursors \u2013 Apartheid \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/South_African_general_election,_1948\" >South African general election, 1948 \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.co.uk\/study-topics\/history-of-south-africa\/apartheid\" >Apartheid \u2013 History of South Africa \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/racerelations.about.com\/od\/historyofracerelations\/fl\/A-Brief-History-of-South-African-Apartheid.htm\" >A Brief History of South African Apartheid \u2013 About education \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.south-africa-tours-and-travel.com\/apartheid.html\" >Brief history of Apartheid in South Africa \u2013 South-Africa-Tours-and-Travel.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sahistory.org.za\/article\/apartheid-and-reactions-it\" >\u201c<em>In 1948, the National Party (NP), representing Afrikaners, won the national election on a platform of racism and segregation under the slogan of \u2018apartheid\u2019. Apartheid built upon earlier laws, but made segregation more rigid and enforced it more aggressively<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Apartheid and reaction to it \u2013 SOUTH AFRICAN HISTORY ONLINE \u2013 SAHistory.org.za<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.com\/2013\/12\/05\/apartheid-history-timeline-nelson-mandela-death-dies-dead_n_3424291.html\" >Apartheid History Timeline: On Nelson Mandela\u2019s Death, A Look Back At South Africa\u2019s Legacy Of Racism (PHOTOS), by Kavitha A. Davidson \u2013 December 05, 2013 \u2013 HuffingtonPost.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/apartheid\/videos\" >APARTHEID \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/apartheid-history.html\" >Apartheid \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.blackpast.org\/gah\/apartheid-1948-1994\" >Apartheid (1948-1994) \u2013 BlackPast.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.southafrica.to\/history\/Apartheid\/apartheid.php\" >Apartheid South Africa \u2013 SouthAfrica.to<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/vanweringh8.wikispaces.com\/file\/view\/Handout+South+Africa+Apartheid.pdf\" >Apartheid in South Africa 1948-1994 \u2013 WikiSpaces.com \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.australia.edu\/Resources\/south-african-history-apartheid.html\" >South African History [Apartheid] \u2013 Australia.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1989-1992\/apartheid\" >MILESTONES: 1989-1992 \u2013 The End of Apartheid \u2013 OFFICE HISTORIAN \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tip.sas.upenn.edu\/curriculum\/units\/2013\/01\/13.01.05.pdf\" >The Struggle for Equity: Apartheid in South Africa, by Eilis Hood \u2013 UPenn.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/sites.library.northwestern.edu\/southafrica\/timeline\/\" >South Africa to the end of Apartheid (1625-1993) \u2013 Northwestern.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.softschools.com\/timelines\/apartheid_timeline\/44\/\" >Apartheid Timeline \u2013 SoftSchools.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1991\u00a0 <\/strong>The American <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Galileo_spacecraft\" >Galileo spacecraft<\/a> makes its closest approach to <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/951_Gaspra\" >951 Gaspra<\/a>, becoming the first probe to visit an <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Asteroid\" >asteroid<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1985\u00a0 <\/strong>Major General <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Samuel_K._Doe\" >Samuel K. Doe<\/a> is announced the winner of the first multi-party election in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Liberia\" >Liberia<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1980\u00a0 <\/strong>Demonstration flight of a secretly modified <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/C-130_Hercules\" >C-130<\/a> for an <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Iran_hostage_crisis\" >Iran hostage crisis<\/a> rescue attempt ends in crash landing at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eglin_Air_Force_Base\" >Eglin Air Force Base<\/a>\u2018s Duke Field, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Florida\" >Florida<\/a> leading to cancellation of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Operation_Credible_Sport\" >Operation Credible Sport<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1977\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> (underground) at Eastern Kazakh\/<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Semipalatinsk_Test_Site\" >Semipalatinsk<\/a> USSR.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>USSR Nuclear Tests in 1977:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1977_Soviet_nuclear_tests\" >1977 Soviet nuclear tests &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>USSR\u2019s Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovwpnprog.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/tests\/USSR-ntestsS.html\" >Database of nuclear tests, USSR\/Russia: overview \u2013 JohnstonArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Effect and\/or Impact of Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/page-3-effects-of-nuclear-weapon-testing-by-the-soviet-union\/\" >Page 3: Effects of Nuclear Weapon Testing by the Soviet Union \u2013 Economic, social, and environmental impacts \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/general-overview-of-theeffects-of-nuclear-testing\/\" >GENERAL OVERVIEW OF THE EFFECTS OF NUCLEAR TESTING \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/slashdot.org\/story\/13\/08\/20\/1738213\/the-secret-effort-to-clean-up-a-former-soviet-nuclear-test-site\" >The Secret Effort To Clean Up a Former Soviet Nuclear Test Site \u2013 Slashdot.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/citeseerx.ist.psu.edu\/viewdoc\/summary?doi=10.1.1.543.8580\" >A Review of Nuclear Testing by the Soviet Union at Novaya, by Vitaly I. Khalturin , Tatyana G. Rautian , Paul G. Richards , and William S. Leith \u2013 CiteSeerX- PSU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Underground Nuclear Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tightflash.org\/all_911\/third_truth\/nuclear_demolition_basic\/USGSOFR01312.pdf\" >The Containment of Soviet Underground Nuclear Explosions, by Vitaly V. Adshkin, and William Leith \u2013 OPEN FILE REPROT 01-312, September 2001 \u2013 US DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/srl.geoscienceworld.org\/content\/86\/2A\/451.full.pdf\" >Political Seismology or Seismological Politics: Natural Resources Defense Council \u2013 USSR Experiments in Underground Nuclear Test Verification, by Anna Amramina<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2013\/02\/11\/world\/asia\/north-korea-underground-explosion-explainer\/index.html\" >What happens with an underground nuclear test? , by Kevin Voigt \u2013 February 19, 2013 \u2013 CNN<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nnsa.energy.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/nv_sweis\/environmentalimpact\/v2\/Appendix%20H.pdf\" >APPENDIX H \u2013 UNDERGROUND NUCLEAR TESTING<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/gajitz.com\/buried-history-underground-nuclear-weapons-tests\/\" >Buried History: Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 GAJITZ.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theblogbelow.com\/2008\/07\/underground-nuclear-test.html\" >Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 TheBlogBelow.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ldeo.columbia.edu\/res\/pi\/Monitoring\/Arch\/BRV_arch_exp.html\" >Borovoye Archive Data from Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 Columbia.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/of\/1993\/0501\/report.pdf\" >Physical Environment of the Underground Nuclear Test Site on Novaya Zemlya, Russia, by John R. Matzko \u2013 Open-File Report 93-501- Reston, Virginia \u2013 1993 \u2013 THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOGRAPHICAL SURVEY<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.boston.com\/bigpicture\/2009\/11\/kazakhstans_radioactive_legacy.html\" >Kazakhstan\u2019s radioactive legacy \u2013 Boston.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/wn.com\/semipalatinsk_test_site\" >\u201cMy home: nuclear base Semipalatinsk \u2013 21\u201d, Episode 02 \u201cMain Testing Field\u201d (Video: 3 min. 14 sec.) \u2013 WN.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/soviet_nuclear_testing_semipalatinsk_20th_anniversary\/24311518.html\" >Slow Death In Kazakhstan\u2019s Land Of Nuclear Tests \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/carlwillis.wordpress.com\/2012\/08\/13\/visit-to-the-semipalatinsk-nuclear-test-site\/\" >Visit to the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 SPEICAL NUCLEAR MATERIAL<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www-ns.iaea.org\/appraisals\/semipalatinsk.asp\" >The Semipalatinsk Test Site, Kazakhstan \u2013 IAEA.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nti.org\/facilities\/732\/\" >Semipalatinsk Test Site \u2013 NTI.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/io9.com\/5988266\/the-tragic-story-of-the-semipalatinsk-nuclear-test-site\" >The Tragic Story of the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site, by Vincze Mikl\u00f3s \u2013 io9.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/Sixty_Years_After_First_Soviet_Nuclear_Test_Legacy_Of_Misery_Lives_On\/1809712.html\" >60 Years After First Soviet Nuclear Test, Legacy Of Misery Lives On In Kazakhstan \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty \u2013 Monday, August 10, 2015 \u2013 RFERL.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/2\/hi\/8236431.stm\" >Soviet nuclear tests leave Kazakh fallout \u2013 Sunday, 6 September 2009 \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/wp-dyn\/content\/story\/2010\/02\/24\/ST2010022403314.html?sid=ST2010022403314\" >In Kazakhstan, the race for uranium goes nuclear, by Philip P. Pan \u2013 Thursday, February 25, 2005 \u2013 The Washington Post<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclearno.com\/text.asp?17456\" >Secrets of Semipalatinsk: How nuclear theft was averted in Central Asia \u2013 NuclearNo.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/listverse.com\/2012\/05\/15\/top-10-nuclear-test-sites\/\" >Top 10 Nuclear Test Sites, Michael Affleck, May 15, 2012 \u2013 Our World \u2013 ListVerse.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Health, and Ecological Issues in Kazakhstan\/Semipalatinsk:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/reference.allrefer.com\/country-guide-study\/kazakhstan\/kazakhstan17.html\" >Kazakstan\/Kazakhstan \u2013 Environmental Problems \u2013 Reference.AllRefer.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclear-risks.org\/fileadmin\/user_upload\/pdfs\/HBWW_EN\/Semipalatinsk_EN_web.pdf\" >\u201cIn Semipalatinsk, the local population was exposed to high levels of radioactivity from nuclear weapon tests for several decades\u2026\u201d \u2013 Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: Nuclear test site \u2013 Nuclear-Risk.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/large.stanford.edu\/courses\/2014\/ph241\/powell2\/docs\/vakulchuk.pdf\" >Semipalatinsk nuclear testing: the humanitarian consequences \u2013 Norwegian Institute of International Affairs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclearfiles.org\/menu\/key-issues\/nuclear-weapons\/issues\/testing\/PDFs\/JC-143920%5B1%5D.pdf\" >Radionuclide Contamination at Kazakhstan\u2019s Semipalatinsk Test Site Implications on Human and Ecological Heath, by T.M. Carlsen, L.E. Peterson, B.A. Ulsh, C.A. Werner, K.L.Purvis, A.C. Sharber<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.irpa.net\/irpa10\/cdrom\/00504.pdf\" >Radiation Exposure on Residents due to Semipalatinsk Nuclear Tests \u2013 IRPA.net<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nukefreetexas.org\/downloads\/plutominum_uranium_semipalatinsk_test_site.pdf\" >Plutonium and Uranium in Human Bones from Areas surrounding the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 NukeFreeTexas.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.csmonitor.com\/World\/Asia-South-Central\/2013\/0828\/Secrets-of-Semipalatinsk-How-nuclear-theft-was-averted-in-Central-Asia\" >\u201cTheir research done on sample villages near the test site found cancer mortality rates 2-1\/2 times greater than those in a control village. The agency says some 356,000 people face radiation risk, with 70 percent of those being descendants of exposed villagers\u2026\u201d \u2013 Secrets of Semipalatinsk: How nuclear theft was averted in Central Asia \u2013 The Christian Science Monitor<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/cajgh.pitt.edu\/ojs\/index.php\/cajgh\/article\/view\/127\/0\" >Studies of Health Effects from Nuclear Testing near the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site Kazakhstan, by Bernd Grosche, Tamara Zhunussova, Kazbek Apsalikov, Ausrele Kesminiene<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.idosi.org\/wasj\/wasj23%285%2913\/19.pdf\" >Information Report on Biological Studies Conducted At the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 IDOSI.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/europepmc.org\/articles\/PMC3866702\" >Mortality from Cardiovascular Disease in the Semipalatinsk Historical Cohort, 1960 \u2013 1999, and its Relationship to Radiation Exposure \u2013 Europe PubMed Central<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1972\u00a0 <\/strong>The three surviving perpetrators of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Munich_massacre\" >Munich massacre<\/a> are released from prison in exchange for the hostages of hijacked <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lufthansa_Flight_615\" >Lufthansa Flight 615<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1969\u00a0 <\/strong>The first-ever <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Computer\" >computer<\/a>-to-computer link is established on <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ARPANET\" >ARPANET<\/a>, the precursor to the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Internet\" >Internet<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1969\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Underground_nuclear_weapons_testing\" >underground nuclear test<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>USSR Nuclear Tests in 1969:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1969_Soviet_nuclear_tests\" >1969 Soviet nuclear tests &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>USSR\u2019s Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovwpnprog.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/tests\/USSR-ntestsS.html\" >Database of nuclear tests, USSR\/Russia: overview \u2013 JohnstonArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Effect and\/or Impact of Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/page-3-effects-of-nuclear-weapon-testing-by-the-soviet-union\/\" >Page 3: Effects of Nuclear Weapon Testing by the Soviet Union \u2013 Economic, social, and environmental impacts \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/general-overview-of-theeffects-of-nuclear-testing\/\" >GENERAL OVERVIEW OF THE EFFECTS OF NUCLEAR TESTING \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/slashdot.org\/story\/13\/08\/20\/1738213\/the-secret-effort-to-clean-up-a-former-soviet-nuclear-test-site\" >The Secret Effort To Clean Up a Former Soviet Nuclear Test Site \u2013 Slashdot.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/citeseerx.ist.psu.edu\/viewdoc\/summary?doi=10.1.1.543.8580\" >A Review of Nuclear Testing by the Soviet Union at Novaya, by Vitaly I. Khalturin , Tatyana G. Rautian , Paul G. Richards , and William S. Leith \u2013 CiteSeerX- PSU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Underground Nuclear Tests:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tightflash.org\/all_911\/third_truth\/nuclear_demolition_basic\/USGSOFR01312.pdf\" >The Containment of Soviet Underground Nuclear Explosions, by Vitaly V. Adshkin, and William Leith \u2013 OPEN FILE REPROT 01-312, September 2001 \u2013 US DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/srl.geoscienceworld.org\/content\/86\/2A\/451.full.pdf\" >Political Seismology or Seismological Politics: Natural Resources Defense Council \u2013 USSR Experiments in Underground Nuclear Test Verification, by Anna Amramina<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2013\/02\/11\/world\/asia\/north-korea-underground-explosion-explainer\/index.html\" >What happens with an underground nuclear test? , by Kevin Voigt \u2013 February 19, 2013 \u2013 CNN<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nnsa.energy.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/nv_sweis\/environmentalimpact\/v2\/Appendix%20H.pdf\" >APPENDIX H \u2013 UNDERGROUND NUCLEAR TESTING<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/gajitz.com\/buried-history-underground-nuclear-weapons-tests\/\" >Buried History: Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 GAJITZ.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theblogbelow.com\/2008\/07\/underground-nuclear-test.html\" >Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 TheBlogBelow.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ldeo.columbia.edu\/res\/pi\/Monitoring\/Arch\/BRV_arch_exp.html\" >Borovoye Archive Data from Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 Columbia.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/of\/1993\/0501\/report.pdf\" >Physical Environment of the Underground Nuclear Test Site on Novaya Zemlya, Russia, by John R. Matzko \u2013 Open-File Report 93-501- Reston, Virginia \u2013 1993 \u2013 THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOGRAPHICAL SURVEY<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1969\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-united-states-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >US performs nuclear test<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nevada_Test_Site\" >Nevada Test Site<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>US Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_United_States\" >List of the nuclear weapons tests of the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nuclear_weapons_and_the_United_States\" >Nuclear Weapons and the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.atomcentral.com\/the-cold-war.aspx\" >The Cold War \u2013 AtomCentral.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Nuclear Weapons and the United States:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nuclear_weapons_and_the_United_States\" >Nuclear Weapons and the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/us\/2014\/231697.htm\" >Nuclear Weapons Testing: History, Progress, Challenges: Verifications and Entry into Force of the CTBT \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/avc\/rls\/202015.htm\" >US Nuclear Weapons Stockpile Life Extension Programs \u2013 January 3, 2013 \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/research\/articles\/2014\/04\/28-50-nuclear-facts\" >50 Facts About US Nuclear Weapons Today \u2013 April 28, 2014 \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/research\/lecture\/2012\/08\/the-future-of-the-us-nuclear-triad\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Program, by Michaela Dodge \u2013 The Heritage Foundation<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.armscontrol.org\/act\/1997_05\/nas\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Policy \u2013 Arms Control Association<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252183576_The_Future_of_the_U.S._Nuclear_Weapons_Program\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Program, by Linton F. Brooks \u2013 ResearchGate.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/us\/2014\/233254.htm\" >US Nuclear Weapons Policy in the 21<sup>st<\/sup> Century \u2013 Rose Gottemoeller, Under Secretary\u00a0for Arms Control and International Security, \u00a0Dixie State University, St. George, Utah \u2013 October 21, 2014 \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Nevada Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fas.org\/nuke\/guide\/usa\/facility\/nts.htm\" >NEVADA TEST SITE \u2013 FAS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/wmd\/facility\/nts.htm\" >NEVADA TEST SITE \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.onlinenevada.org\/articles\/nevada-test-site-overview\" >Nevada Test Site Overview \u2013 OnlineNevada.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/about\/projects\/archive\/nucweapons\/nts\" >Nuclear testing at the Nevada Test Site \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/toxipedia.org\/display\/wanmec\/Nevada+Test+Site\" >Nevada Test Site \u2013 Toxipedia.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/digital.library.unlv.edu\/ntsohp\/\" >Nevada Test Site \u2013 Oral History Project<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/archure.net\/liberty\/nukenevada.html\" >NUKE TESTING in NEVADA \u2013 Archure.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nv.doe.gov\/library\/publications\/Environmental\/DOENV_11718_594.pdf\" >ECOLOGY OF THE NEVADA TEST SITE: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nevadatestsite.info\/\" >Nevada Test Site Workers Exposed to Radiation \u2013 National Cancer Benefits Center \u2013 NevadaTestSite.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/about\/projects\/archive\/nucweapons\/50\" >50 Facts About the US Nuclear Weapons \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Usa\/Tests\/\" >Gallery of US Nuclear Tests \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.acq.osd.mil\/ncbdp\/nm\/nm_book_5_11\/index.htm\" >The Nuclear Matters Handbook<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Ecological and Health Issues in and around the Nevada Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/cdclv.unlv.edu\/healthnv\/environment.html\" >Environment and the Quality of Life in Nevada \u2013 UNLV.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nv.doe.gov\/library\/publications\/Environmental\/DOENV_11718_594.pdf\" ><em>ECONLGOY OF THE NEVADA TEST SITE: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY WITH NARRATIVE SUMMARY, KEY WORD INDEX, AND SPECIES LISTS<\/em> \u2013 DOE\/NEV\/11718-594<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.osti.gov\/scitech\/biblio\/6458066\" ><em>Nevada Applied Ecology Information Center: a review of technical information support provided to the Nevada Applied Ecology Group<\/em><em> \u2013 <\/em>Sci-Tech Connect<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/ecologycenter.org\/terrainmagazine\/summer-2002\/sovereignty-at-shoshone-mountain\/\" >\u201c<em>Between 1951 and 1992, the United States bombed its own soil with nuclear weapons \u2014 945 times. All but 17 of those explosions took place on a stretch of basin-and-range desert northwest of Las Vegas called the Nevada Test Site (NTS),\u2026<\/em>\u201d \u2013 Sovereignty at Shoshone Mountain \u2013 EcologyCenter.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.princeton.edu\/%7Eota\/disk1\/1989\/8909\/8909.PDF\" ><em>The Containment of Underground Nuclear Explosions<\/em> \u2013 Princeton.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nevadatestsite.info\/\" >Nevada Test Site Workers Exposed to Radiation \u2013 National Cancer Benefits Center<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>196<\/strong><strong>8\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1968_Soviet_nuclear_tests\" >(underground)<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1968_Soviet_nuclear_tests\" >Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>USSR Nuclear Tests in 1968:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1968_Soviet_nuclear_tests\" >1968 Soviet nuclear tests &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>USSR\u2019s Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovwpnprog.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/tests\/USSR-ntestsS.html\" >Database of nuclear tests, USSR\/Russia: overview \u2013 JohnstonArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Effect and\/or Impact of Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/page-3-effects-of-nuclear-weapon-testing-by-the-soviet-union\/\" >Page 3: Effects of Nuclear Weapon Testing by the Soviet Union \u2013 Economic, social, and environmental impacts \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/general-overview-of-theeffects-of-nuclear-testing\/\" >GENERAL OVERVIEW OF THE EFFECTS OF NUCLEAR TESTING \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/slashdot.org\/story\/13\/08\/20\/1738213\/the-secret-effort-to-clean-up-a-former-soviet-nuclear-test-site\" >The Secret Effort To Clean Up a Former Soviet Nuclear Test Site \u2013 Slashdot.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/citeseerx.ist.psu.edu\/viewdoc\/summary?doi=10.1.1.543.8580\" >A Review of Nuclear Testing by the Soviet Union at Novaya, by Vitaly I. Khalturin , Tatyana G. Rautian , Paul G. Richards , and William S. Leith \u2013 CiteSeerX- PSU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Underground Nuclear Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tightflash.org\/all_911\/third_truth\/nuclear_demolition_basic\/USGSOFR01312.pdf\" >The Containment of Soviet Underground Nuclear Explosions, by Vitaly V. Adshkin, and William Leith \u2013 OPEN FILE REPROT 01-312, September 2001 \u2013 US DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/srl.geoscienceworld.org\/content\/86\/2A\/451.full.pdf\" >Political Seismology or Seismological Politics: Natural Resources Defense Council \u2013 USSR Experiments in Underground Nuclear Test Verification, by Anna Amramina<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2013\/02\/11\/world\/asia\/north-korea-underground-explosion-explainer\/index.html\" >What happens with an underground nuclear test? , by Kevin Voigt \u2013 February 19, 2013 \u2013 CNN<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nnsa.energy.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/nv_sweis\/environmentalimpact\/v2\/Appendix%20H.pdf\" >APPENDIX H \u2013 UNDERGROUND NUCLEAR TESTING<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/gajitz.com\/buried-history-underground-nuclear-weapons-tests\/\" >Buried History: Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 GAJITZ.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theblogbelow.com\/2008\/07\/underground-nuclear-test.html\" >Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 TheBlogBelow.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ldeo.columbia.edu\/res\/pi\/Monitoring\/Arch\/BRV_arch_exp.html\" >Borovoye Archive Data from Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 Columbia.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/of\/1993\/0501\/report.pdf\" >Physical Environment of the Underground Nuclear Test Site on Novaya Zemlya, Russia, by John R. Matzko \u2013 Open-File Report 93-501- Reston, Virginia \u2013 1993 \u2013 THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOGRAPHICAL SURVEY<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.boston.com\/bigpicture\/2009\/11\/kazakhstans_radioactive_legacy.html\" >Kazakhstan\u2019s radioactive legacy \u2013 Boston.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/wn.com\/semipalatinsk_test_site\" >\u201cMy home: nuclear base Semipalatinsk \u2013 21\u201d, Episode 02 \u201cMain Testing Field\u201d (Video: 3 min. 14 sec.) \u2013 WN.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/soviet_nuclear_testing_semipalatinsk_20th_anniversary\/24311518.html\" >Slow Death In Kazakhstan\u2019s Land Of Nuclear Tests \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/carlwillis.wordpress.com\/2012\/08\/13\/visit-to-the-semipalatinsk-nuclear-test-site\/\" >Visit to the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 SPEICAL NUCLEAR MATERIAL<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www-ns.iaea.org\/appraisals\/semipalatinsk.asp\" >The Semipalatinsk Test Site, Kazakhstan \u2013 IAEA.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nti.org\/facilities\/732\/\" >Semipalatinsk Test Site \u2013 NTI.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/io9.com\/5988266\/the-tragic-story-of-the-semipalatinsk-nuclear-test-site\" >The Tragic Story of the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site, by Vincze Mikl\u00f3s \u2013 io9.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/Sixty_Years_After_First_Soviet_Nuclear_Test_Legacy_Of_Misery_Lives_On\/1809712.html\" >60 Years After First Soviet Nuclear Test, Legacy Of Misery Lives On In Kazakhstan \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty \u2013 Monday, August 10, 2015 \u2013 RFERL.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/2\/hi\/8236431.stm\" >Soviet nuclear tests leave Kazakh fallout \u2013 Sunday, 6 September 2009 \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/wp-dyn\/content\/story\/2010\/02\/24\/ST2010022403314.html?sid=ST2010022403314\" >In Kazakhstan, the race for uranium goes nuclear, by Philip P. Pan \u2013 Thursday, February 25, 2005 \u2013 The Washington Post<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclearno.com\/text.asp?17456\" >Secrets of Semipalatinsk: How nuclear theft was averted in Central Asia \u2013 NuclearNo.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/listverse.com\/2012\/05\/15\/top-10-nuclear-test-sites\/\" >Top 10 Nuclear Test Sites, Michael Affleck, May 15, 2012 \u2013 Our World \u2013 ListVerse.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Health, and Ecological Issues in Kazakhstan\/Semipalatinsk:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/reference.allrefer.com\/country-guide-study\/kazakhstan\/kazakhstan17.html\" >Kazakstan\/Kazakhstan \u2013 Environmental Problems \u2013 Reference.AllRefer.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclear-risks.org\/fileadmin\/user_upload\/pdfs\/HBWW_EN\/Semipalatinsk_EN_web.pdf\" >\u201cIn Semipalatinsk, the local population was exposed to high levels of radioactivity from nuclear weapon tests for several decades\u2026\u201d \u2013 Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: Nuclear test site \u2013 Nuclear-Risk.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/large.stanford.edu\/courses\/2014\/ph241\/powell2\/docs\/vakulchuk.pdf\" >Semipalatinsk nuclear testing: the humanitarian consequences \u2013 Norwegian Institute of International Affairs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclearfiles.org\/menu\/key-issues\/nuclear-weapons\/issues\/testing\/PDFs\/JC-143920%5B1%5D.pdf\" >Radionuclide Contamination at Kazakhstan\u2019s Semipalatinsk Test Site Implications on Human and Ecological Heath, by T.M. Carlsen, L.E. Peterson, B.A. Ulsh, C.A. Werner, K.L.Purvis, A.C. Sharber<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.irpa.net\/irpa10\/cdrom\/00504.pdf\" >Radiation Exposure on Residents due to Semipalatinsk Nuclear Tests \u2013 IRPA.net<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nukefreetexas.org\/downloads\/plutominum_uranium_semipalatinsk_test_site.pdf\" >Plutonium and Uranium in Human Bones from Areas surrounding the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 NukeFreeTexas.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.csmonitor.com\/World\/Asia-South-Central\/2013\/0828\/Secrets-of-Semipalatinsk-How-nuclear-theft-was-averted-in-Central-Asia\" >\u201cTheir research done on sample villages near the test site found cancer mortality rates 2-1\/2 times greater than those in a control village. The agency says some 356,000 people face radiation risk, with 70 percent of those being descendants of exposed villagers\u2026\u201d \u2013 Secrets of Semipalatinsk: How nuclear theft was averted in Central Asia \u2013 The Christian Science Monitor<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/cajgh.pitt.edu\/ojs\/index.php\/cajgh\/article\/view\/127\/0\" >Studies of Health Effects from Nuclear Testing near the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site Kazakhstan, by Bernd Grosche, Tamara Zhunussova, Kazbek Apsalikov, Ausrele Kesminiene<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.idosi.org\/wasj\/wasj23%285%2913\/19.pdf\" >Information Report on Biological Studies Conducted At the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 IDOSI.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/europepmc.org\/articles\/PMC3866702\" >Mortality from Cardiovascular Disease in the Semipalatinsk Historical Cohort, 1960 \u2013 1999, and its Relationship to Radiation Exposure \u2013 Europe PubMed Central<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1965<\/strong>\u00a0 US performs underground nuclear test at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/military.wikia.com\/wiki\/Amchitka\" >Amchitka Island<\/a> Aleutians.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Amchitka and Military:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Military_history_of_the_Aleutian_Islands\" >Military history of Amchitka Island \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/military.wikia.com\/wiki\/Amchitka\" >Amchitka \u2013 Military.Wikia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Amchitka_Air_Force_Base\" >Amchitka Air Force Base \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Amchitka and Nuclear Testing:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Amchitka#Nuclear_testing\" >Nuclear testing \u2013 Amchitka \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/uafcornerstone.net\/news\/featured\/06\/amchitka\/index.html\" >Amchitka\u2019s nuclear legacy, by Doug Schneider, Alaska Sea Grant Program, February 2006 \u2013 UNIVERSITY OF ALASKA FAIRBANKS \u2013 UAFCornerstone.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/hlswilliwaw.com\/aleutians\/amchitka-homepage.htm\" >\u201c<em>The US Atomic Energy Commission created a nuclear testing facility on Amchitka in the early 1960\u2019s. A total of three subterranean nuclear test explosions were conducted on Amchitka during the 1960\u2019s and 1970\u2019s. The first detonation was of an 80 kiloton bomb known as \u201cLong Shot\u201d some 2,359 below the surface on the 29th of October, 1965<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 AMCHITKA HOME PAGE<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nevadasurveyor.com\/cannikin\/\" >AMCHITKA SITE \u2013 Surveying Ground Zero of America\u2019s Largest Underground Nuclear Explosion \u2013 NevadaSurveyor.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/military.wikia.com\/wiki\/Amchitka\" >Amchitka \u2013 Military \u2013 Wikia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/arcticcircle.uconn.edu\/SEEJ\/amchitka\/\" >Cannikin Atomic Test at Amchitka Island, Alaska \u2013 The Untold Story<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ims.uaf.edu\/research\/johnson\/amchitka\/history.html\" >Amchitka Island and Nuclear Weapons Testing \u2013 UAF.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/dec.alaska.gov\/air\/am\/rad\/amchitka.htm\" >Former Amchitka Underground Test Site \u2013 Environmental Radiation<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.everything2.com\/title\/Amchitka+Nuclear+Tests\" >Amchitka Nuclear Tests \u2013 Everything2.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/international\/en\/about\/history\/amchitka-hunter\/\" >Amchitka: the founding voyage \u2013 GreemPeace.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/americablog.com\/2013\/01\/video-of-underground-nuclear-test-that-led-to-the-creation-of-greenpeace.html\" >Video of underground nuclear test that led to the creation of Greenpeace \u2013 AmericaBlog.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.osti.gov\/scitech\/biblio\/758915\" >Amchitka Island, Alaska, special sampling project 1997 \u2013 SciTech Connect \u2013 Osti.gov<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/249097799_Amchitka_and_the_Bomb_Nuclear_Testing_in_Alaska\" >Amchitka and the Bomb: Nuclear Testing in Alaska, by Douglas Dasher \u2013 ResearchGate.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ualberta.ca\/%7Eunsworth\/UA-classes\/210\/notes210\/C\/210C2.5-2008.pdf\" >5 Seismic detection of nuclear explosions<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Pertinent Documents on the Nuclear Testing at the Amchitka Island Test Site:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/projects.wsj.com\/waste-lands\/site\/21-amchitka-island-test-center\/\" >Waste Lands: America\u2019s Forgotten Nuclear Legacy \u2013 Amchitka Island Test Center \u2013 THE WALL STREET JOURNAL<\/a> <\/em><strong><em>or <\/em><\/strong><em>see the pertinent documents as follows:<\/em><\/li>\n<li>*<em>Document title and URL extracted from Department of Energy \u201cConsidered Sites\u201d database.<\/em> <em>[Click the document, and it will be downloaded to your computer. Note that <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/get.adobe.com\/reader\/\" >Adobe Reader<\/a> may be necessary to read the document.]<\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lm.doe.gov\/Amchitka\/388954.pdf\" >An Assessment of the Reported Leakage of Anthropogenic Radionuclides From the Underground Nuclear Test Sites at Amchitka Island, Alaska, USA to the Surface Environment.<\/a>(PDF), DOE Office of Legacy Management*<\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lm.doe.gov\/Amchitka\/388955.pdf\" >Conceptual Site Models as a Tool in Evaluation Ecological health; The Case of the Department of Energys Amchitka Island Nuclear Test Site.<\/a>(PDF), DOE Office of Legacy Management*<\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lm.doe.gov\/Amchitka\/388956.pdf\" >Developing a Health and Safety Plan for Hazardous Field Work in Remote Areas.<\/a>(PDF), DOE Office of Legacy Management*<\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lm.doe.gov\/Amchitka\/388957.pdf\" >Do Scientists and Fishermen Collect the Same Size Fish? Possible Implications for Exposure Assessment.<\/a>(PDF), DOE Office of Legacy Management*<\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lm.doe.gov\/Amchitka\/388958.pdf\" >Nuclear Stewardship: Lessons from a Not-So-Remote Island.<\/a>(PDF), DOE Office of Legacy Management*<\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lm.doe.gov\/Amchitka\/388966.pdf\" >Radionuclide Concentrations in Benthic Invertebrates from Amchitka and Kiska Islands in the Aleutian Chain, Alaska<\/a>(PDF), DOE Office of Legacy Management*<\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lm.doe.gov\/Amchitka\/388978.pdf\" >Radionuclides in Marine Fishes and Birds From Amchitka and Kiska Islands in the Aleutians; Establishing a Baseline.<\/a>(PDF), DOE Office of Legacy Management*<\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lm.doe.gov\/Amchitka\/388982.pdf\" >Radionuclides in Marine Macroalgae from Amchitka and Kiska Islands in the Aleutians: Establishing a Baseline for Future Biomonitoring.<\/a>(PDF), DOE Office of Legacy Management*<\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lm.doe.gov\/Amchitka\/388991.pdf\" >Science, Policy and Stakeholders: Developing a Consensus Science Plan for Amchitka Island, Aleutians, Alaska.<\/a>(PDF), DOE Office of Legacy Management*<\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lm.doe.gov\/Amchitka\/388994.pdf\" >Scientific Research, Stakeholders and Policy: Continuing Dialogue During Research on Radionuclides on Amchitka Island, Alaska.<\/a>(PDF), DOE Office of Legacy Management*<\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lm.doe.gov\/Amchitka\/388996.pdf\" >Scuba Techniques Used in Risk Assessment of Possible Nuclear Leakage Around Amchitka Island, Alaska.<\/a>(PDF), DOE Office of Legacy Management*<\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lm.doe.gov\/Amchitka\/388997.pdf\" >Selecting Species for Marine Assessment of Radionuclides Around Amchitka: Planning for Diverse Goals and Interests.<\/a>(PDF), DOE Office of Legacy Management*<\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lm.doe.gov\/Amchitka\/388999.pdf\" >The Use of Biota Sampling for Environmental Contaminant Analysis for Characterization of Benthic Communities in the Aleutians.<\/a>(PDF), DOE Office of Legacy Management*<\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lm.doe.gov\/Amchitka\/AMC000034.pdf\" >Hydrologic Processes and Radionuclide Distribution in a Cavity and Chimney Produced by the Cannikin Nuclear Explosion, Amchitka Island, Alaska. <\/a>(PDF), DOE Office of Legacy Management*<\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lm.doe.gov\/Amchitka\/AMC000102.pdf\" >Subsurface Completion Report for Amchitka Underground Nuclear Test Sites: Long Shot, Milrow, and Cannikin, September 2006.<\/a>(PDF), DOE Office of Legacy Management*<\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lm.doe.gov\/Amchitka\/AMC000103.pdf\" >Amchitka Bioenvironmental Program Amchitka Biological Information Summary, May 1971<\/a>(PDF), DOE Office of Legacy Management*<\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lm.doe.gov\/Amchitka\/AMC000104.pdf\" >Modeling Approach for Amchitka Island. <\/a>(PDF), DOE Office of Legacy Management*<\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lm.doe.gov\/Amchitka\/AMC000105.pdf\" >Contamination Assessment Report Amchitka Island Aleutian Island, Alaska, Delevery Order No. 007, May 1992. <\/a>(PDF), DOE Office of Legacy Management*<\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lm.doe.gov\/Amchitka\/AMC000106.pdf\" >Bathymetry of Cannikin Lake, Amchitka Island, Alaska, with an Evaluation of Computer-Mapping Techniques (Amchitka-41) October 1974.<\/a>(PDF), DOE Office of Legacy Management*<\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lm.doe.gov\/Amchitka\/AMC000107.pdf\" >Analysis of Cleanup Alternatives and Supplemental Characterization Data Amchitka Island, Alaska, October 2000.<\/a>(PDF), DOE Office of Legacy Management*<\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lm.doe.gov\/Amchitka\/AMC000108.pdf\" >Amchitka Bioenvironmental Program Bioenvironmental Safety Studies, Amchitka Island, Alaska Cannikin D+2 Month Report, June 1972. <\/a>(PDF), DOE Office of Legacy Management*<\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lm.doe.gov\/Amchitka\/AMC000109.pdf\" >Site Screening Memorandum Phase II Remedial Investigation Former Amchitka Army Air Base Amchitka Island, Alaska, February 1999<\/a>(PDF), DOE Office of Legacy Management*<\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lm.doe.gov\/Amchitka\/AMC000114.pdf\" >Amchitka Mud Pit Sites 2006 Post-Closure Monitoring and Inspection Report Amchitka Island, Alaska, September 2006. <\/a>(PDF), DOE Office of Legacy Management*<\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lm.doe.gov\/Amchitka\/Environment_of_Amchitka_Island.pdf\" >The Environment of Amchitka Island, Alaska; TID-26712; 1977<\/a>(PDF), DOE Office of Legacy Management*<\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lm.doe.gov\/Amchitka\/Fact_Sheet__Amchitka,_Alaska.pdf\" >Amchitka, Alaska, Site Fact Sheet<\/a>(PDF), DOE Office of Legacy Management*<\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lm.doe.gov\/Amchitka\/Long-Term_Surveillance_and_Maintenance_Plan_for_the_U_S__Department_of_Energy_Amchitka,_Alaska,_Site,_September_2008.pdf\" >Long-Term Surveillance and Maintenance Plan for the U.S. Department of Energy Amchitka, Alaska, Site September 2008 <\/a>(PDF), DOE Office of Legacy Management*<\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lm.doe.gov\/Amchitka\/Modeling_GW_Flow_and_Transport_of_Radionuclides.pdf\" >Modeling Groundwater Flow and Transport of Radionuclides at Amchitka Island\u2019s Underground Nuclear Tests: Milrow, Long Shot, and Cannikin; DOE\/NV\/11508-51; October 2002<\/a>(PDF), DOE Office of Legacy Management*<\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lm.doe.gov\/Amchitka\/Post-Closure_Monitoring_and_Inspection_Plan.pdf\" >Post-Closure Monitoring and Inspection Plan for Amchitka Island Mud Pit Release Sites, Well Abandonment, and Infantry Road Repair Amchitka, Alaska. LMS\/AMC\/S07053. March 2011<\/a>(PDF), DOE Office of Legacy Management*<\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lm.doe.gov\/Amchitka\/Record_of_Decision_for_Amchitka_Surface_Closure,_Alaska.pdf\" >US Department of Energy Office of Legacy Management Record of Decision for Amchitka Surface Closure, Alaska August 2008 <\/a>(PDF), DOE Office of Legacy Management*<\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lm.doe.gov\/Amchitka\/Sampling_Plan.pdf\" >Sampling Plan for the Amchitka, Alaska, Site 2011 Sampling Event. LMS\/AMC\/S05725. March 2011<\/a>(PDF), DOE Office of Legacy Management*<\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lm.doe.gov\/Amchitka\/Surf_Close_Rpt.pdf\" >Amchitka Island Surface Closure Report. Revision No. 1. DOE\/NV-819-Rev. 1. July 2003<\/a> (PDF), DOE Office of Legacy Management*<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1964\u00a0 <\/strong>The United Republic of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tanganyika\" >Tanganyika<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zanzibar\" >Zanzibar<\/a> is renamed the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tanzania\" >United Republic of Tanzania<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Tanzania:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/geos\/tz.html\" >TANZANIA \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.un.org\/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=United%20Republic%20of%20Tanzania\" >Tanzania \u2013 UN Data<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.foreign.go.tz\/tanzania\" >Tanzania \u2013 Country Profile \u2013 The United Republic of Tanzania \u2013 MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS AND INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Tanzania\" >Tanzania \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/tanzania.html\" >Tanzania \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/goafrica.about.com\/od\/tanzania\/a\/tanzaniafacts.htm\" >Tanzania \u2013 Facts and Information \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-14095776\" >Tanzania country profile \u2013 Overview \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Foreign Relations of Tanzania:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_Tanzania\" >Foreign relations of Tanzania \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.foreign.go.tz\/\" >Tanzania \u2013 The United Republic of Tanzania \u2013 MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS AND INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/AppData\/Local\/Temp\/foreignpolicy.com\/tag\/tanzania\" >Tanzania \u2013 Foreign Policy \u2013 ForeignPolicy.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of Tanzania:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Tanzania\" >History of Tanzania \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/tanzania-history.html\" >Tanzania \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/hj2009per1tanzania.weebly.com\/colonization.html\" >Tanzania \u2013 Colonization \u2013 Weebly.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyworld.net\/wrldhis\/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=ad23\" >HISTORY OF TANZANIA \u2013 HistoryWorld.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.localhistories.org\/tanzania.html\" >A BRIEF HISTORY OF TANZANIA \u2013 LocalHistories.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/africanhistory.about.com\/od\/glossaryt\/g\/defTanzania.htm\" >A Very Short History of Tanzania \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/tanzania\/history\" >Tanzania \u2013 History \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-14095868\" >Tanzania profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Economy of Tanzania:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_Tanzania\" >Economy of Tanzania \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/country\/tanzania\" >Tanzania \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/tanzania\" >Tanzania \u2013 Data \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/tanzania\" >Tanzania \u2013 Index \u2013 THE HERITAGE FOUNDATION<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/tanzania-economy.html\" >Tanzania \u2013 Economy \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1961\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Syria\" >Syria<\/a> exits from the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Arab_Republic\" >United Arab Republic<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Syria:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/geos\/sy.html\" >SYRIA \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.un.org\/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=Syrian%20Arab%20Republic\" >Syria \u2013 UN Data<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Syria\" >Syria \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/syria.html\" >Syria \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/military\/world\/syria\/index.html\" >Syria \u2013 Military Guide \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>United Arab Republic:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/syria\/14.htm\" >United Arab Republic \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/united-arab-republic.html\" >United Arab Republic \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/United-Arab-Republic\" >United Arab Republic \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.robinsonlibrary.com\/history\/africa\/egypt\/history\/uar.htm\" >The United Arab Republic \u2013 THE ROBINSON LIBRARY \u2013 RobinsonLibrary.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Foreign Relations of Syria:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_Syria\" >Foreign Relations of Syria \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.foreignaffairs.com\/regions\/syria\" >Syria \u2013 Foreign Relations \u2013 Foreign Affairs \u2013 ForeignAffairs.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cfr.org\/region\/syria\/ri370\" >Syria \u2013 Council on Foreign Relations<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/r\/pa\/ei\/bgn\/3580.htm\" >US Relations with Syria \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Russia%E2%80%93Syria_relations\" >Russia-Syria relations \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of Syria:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Syria\" >History of Syria \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/asianhistory.about.com\/od\/Syria\/p\/Syria-Facts-and-History.htm\" >Syria | Facts and History \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nationsonline.org\/oneworld\/History\/Syria-history.htm\" >History of Syria \u2013 NationsOnline.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/syria\/history\" >History of Syria \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.archaeolink.com\/syria_history.htm\" >Syria History \u2013 Archaeolink.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/syria-history.html\" >Syria \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/military\/world\/syria\/history.htm\" >Syria \u2013 History \u2013 Military \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-14703995\" >Syria profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Economy of Syria:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_Syria\" >Economy of Syria \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/country\/syria\" >Syria \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/syrian-arab-republic\" >Syria \u2013 Data \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/syria\" >Syria \u2013 Index \u2013 THE HERITAGE FOUNDATION<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1961\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-united-states-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >US performs nuclear test<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nevada_Test_Site\" >Nevada Test Site<\/a>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>For some more pertinent information, see<\/em><strong> \u201c1969 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-united-states-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >US performs nuclear test<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nevada_Test_Site\" >Nevada Test Site<\/a>\u201d, <em>mentioned above.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1960\u00a0 <\/strong>In <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Louisville,_Kentucky\" >Louisville, Kentucky<\/a>, Cassius Clay (who later takes the name <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Muhammad_Ali\" >Muhammad Ali<\/a>) wins his first professional fight.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1958\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-united-states-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >US performs nuclear test<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nevada_Test_Site\" >Nevada Test Site<\/a>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>For some more pertinent information, see<\/em> \u201c<strong>1969 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-united-states-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >US performs nuclear test<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nevada_Test_Site\" >Nevada Test Site<\/a>\u201d, <em>mentioned above.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1957\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Israel\" >Israel<\/a>\u2018s prime minister <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/David_Ben-Gurion\" >David Ben-Gurion<\/a> and five of his ministers are injured when a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hand_grenade\" >hand grenade<\/a> is tossed into Israel\u2019s parliament, the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Knesset\" >Knesset<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1956\u00a0 <\/strong>The Tangier Protocol is signed: The international city <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tangier\" >Tangier<\/a> is reintegrated into <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Morocco\" >Morocco<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>History of Morocco:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Morocco\" >History of Morocco \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyworld.net\/wrldhis\/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=ac97\" >HISTORY OF MOROCCO \u2013 HistoryWorld.net<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/africanhistory.about.com\/od\/glossarym\/g\/defMorocco.htm\" >A Brief History of Morocco \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.geographia.com\/morocco\/\" >History &amp; Culture \u2013 Morocco \u2013 Geographia.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.localhistories.org\/morocco.html\" >A SHORT HISTORY OF MOROCCO \u2013 LocalHistories.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.magicmorocco.com\/history_of_morocco.html\" >History of Morocco \u2013 MagicMorocco.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.moroccan-moments.com\/history\/\" >A Brief History of Morocco \u2013 Moroccan-Moments.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/morocco-country-africa-history.html\" >Morocco \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1956\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Suez_Crisis\" >Suez Crisis<\/a> begins: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Israel\" >Israeli<\/a> forces invade the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sinai_Peninsula\" >Sinai Peninsula<\/a> and push <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Egypt\" >Egyptian<\/a> forces back toward the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Suez_Canal\" >Suez Canal<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Suez Crisis of 1956:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/cold-war\/suez-crisis\" >SUEZ CRISIS \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/israel-invades-egypt-suez-crisis-begins\" >OCT 29, 1956: THIS DAY IN HISTORY \u2013 Israel Invades Egypt; Suez Crisis begins \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Suez-Crisis\" >Suez Crisis \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1953-1960\/suez\" >The Suez Crisis 1956 \u2013 OFFICE of the HISTORIAN \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/americanforeignpolicy.pbworks.com\/w\/page\/12563742\/Suez%20Crisis%2C%201956\" >Suez Crisis, 1956 \u2013 AmericanForeignPolicy.PBWorks.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/history\/british\/modern\/suez_01.shtml\" >The Suez Crisis, by Laurie Milner \u2013 History \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.reformation.org\/1956-suez-canal-crisis.html\" >The 1956 Suez Canal Crisis!! \u2013 Reformation.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1948\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Safsaf_massacre\" >Safsaf massacre<\/a>: Israeli soldiers capture Palestinian village of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Safsaf\" >Safsaf<\/a> in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Galilee\" >Galilee<\/a> and massacre villagers after they surrender.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Safsaf Massacre:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/military.wikia.com\/wiki\/Safsaf_massacre\" >Safsaf massacre \u2013 Military.Wikia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/firstlightforum.wordpress.com\/2012\/09\/28\/jews-assassinate-and-rape-arabs-in-safsaf-massacre\/\" >Jews assassinate and rape Arabs in Safsaf massacre \u2013 FIRST LIGHT FORUM \u2013 WordPress.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Massacres in Israel:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_massacres_in_Israel\" >List of massacres in Israel \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/12160.info\/profiles\/blogs\/israeli-massacres-of-recent-history\" >Israeli Massacres in Recent History \u2013 12160.info<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1945\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Get%C3%BAlio_Vargas\" >Get\u00falio Vargas<\/a>, president of Brazil, resigns.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1944\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_II\" >World War II<\/a>: The Soviet <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Red_Army\" >Red Army<\/a> enters Hungary.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1944\u00a0 <\/strong>The city of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Breda\" >Breda<\/a> in the Netherlands is liberated by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1st_Polish_Armoured_Division\" >1st Polish Armoured Division<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1942\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Holocaust\" >Holocaust<\/a>: In the United Kingdom, leading clergymen and political figures hold a public meeting to register outrage over <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nazi_Germany\" >Nazi Germany<\/a>\u2018s persecution of Jews.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/the-british-protest-against-the-persecution-of-jews\" >OCT 29, 1942: THIS DAY IN HISTORY: The British protest against the persecution of Jews \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/wwarii.com\/blog\/archives\/world-war-ii-history-for-october-29\/\" >1942 The British protest against the persecution of Jews \u2013 World War History for October 29 \u2013 WORLD WAR II HISTORY \u2013 WWARII.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jta.org\/1942\/06\/11\/archive\/prominent-britons-czechoslovaks-poles-protest-persecution-of-slovakian-jews\" >Prominent Britons, Czechoslovaks, Poles Protest Persecution of Slovakian Jews \u2013 June 11, 1942 \u2013 Jewish Telegraph Agency \u2013 JTA.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rescue_of_Jews_by_Catholics_during_the_Holocaust\" >Rescue of Jews by Catholics during the Holocaust \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Catholic_Church_and_Nazi_Germany_during_World_War_II\" >Catholic Church and Nazi Germany during World War II \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Persecution_of_Jews\" >Persecution of Jews \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/Holocaust\/chron.html\" >Timeline of Jewish Persecution (1932-1945) \u2013 Holocaust \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1941\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Holocaust\" >The Holocaust<\/a>: In the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kaunas_Ghetto\" >Kaunas Ghetto<\/a> over 10,000 Jews are shot by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nazi_Germany\" >German<\/a> occupiers at the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ninth_Fort\" >Ninth Fort<\/a>, a massacre known as the \u201cGreat Action\u201d.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Kaunas (Kovno) massacre of October 29, 1941:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kaunas_massacre_of_October_29,_1941\" >Kaunas massacre of October 29, 1941 \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/vilnews.com\/2012-12-18261\" >Kaunas massacre of 29 October 1941 \u2013 The largest mass murder of Lithuanian Jews \u2013 WilNews.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cannonade.net\/entry.php?id=1567\" >Kaunas Ghetto Massacre \u2013 29 October 1941 \u2013 Cannonade.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/dbpedia.org\/page\/Kaunas_massacre_of_October_29,_1941\" >Kaunas massacre of October 29, 1941 \u2013 Pertinent web links \u2013 DBPedia.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Kaunas (Kovno) Ghetto:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/vjw\/Kovno.html\" >Kovno (Kaunas), Lithuania \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/vilnews.com\/2012-12-18271\" >Kaunas Ghetto: An entire urban district turned into a merciless death camp \u2013 WilNews.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldlibrary.org\/articles\/Kaunas_massacre_of_October_29,_1941\" >KAUNAS MASSACRE OF OCTOBER 29, 1941 \u2013 WORLD PUBLIC LIBRARY \u2013 WorldLibrary.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Holocaust:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/AppData\/Local\/Temp\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Holocaust\" >The Holocaust \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/holo.html\" >The Holocaust \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Holocaust\" >Holocaust \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/society\/holocaust.html\" >Holocaust \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/history1900s.about.com\/od\/holocaust\/a\/holocaustfacts.htm\" >Holocaust Facts \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ushmm.org\/wlc\/en\/article.php?ModuleId=10005143\" >Holocaust Encyclopedia \u2013 USHMM.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/world-war-ii\/the-holocaust\" >The Holocaust \u2013 World War II \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/history1900s.about.com\/od\/holocaust\/tp\/holocaust.htm\" >The Holocaust \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cannonade.net\/table_timemap.php?page=4&amp;tag=Holocaust\" >Holocaust \u2013 Table of Data Points \u2013 Pertinent web links \u2013 Cannade.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.holocaustsurvivors.org\/\" >Holocaust Survivors \u2013 HolocaustSurvivors.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ushmm.org\/\" >United States Holocaust Memorial Museum \u2013 USHMM.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/dc.about.com\/od\/museums\/p\/HolocaustMuseum.htm\" >Holocaust Memorial Museum in Washington, DC \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1929\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/New_York_Stock_Exchange\" >New York Stock Exchange<\/a> crashes in what will be called the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wall_Street_Crash_of_1929\" >Crash of \u201929<\/a> or \u201cBlack Tuesday\u201d, ending the Great Bull Market of the 1920s and beginning the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Great_Depression\" >Great Depression<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Black Tuesday of October 29, 1929:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/stock-market-crashes\" >OCT 29, 1929: THIS DAY IN HISTORY: Stock market crashes \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Great Depression of 1929:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/great-depression\" >THE GREAT DEPRESSION \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Great-Depression\" >Great Depression \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.english.illinois.edu\/maps\/depression\/about.htm\" >About the Great Depression \u2013 Illinois.edu<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.econlib.org\/library\/Enc\/GreatDepression.html\" >Great Depression, by Gene Smiley \u2013 Library of Economics and Liberty<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/useconomy.about.com\/od\/grossdomesticproduct\/p\/1929_Depression.htm\" >The Great Depression of 1929 \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gwu.edu\/%7Eerpapers\/teachinger\/glossary\/great-depression.cfm\" >The Great Depression (1929-1939) \u2013 Teaching Eleanor Roosevelt Glossary \u2013 GWU.edu<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sjsu.edu\/faculty\/watkins\/dep1929.htm\" >The Great Depression of the 1930s and Its Origins \u2013 SJSU.edu<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/study.com\/academy\/lesson\/the-great-depression-the-wall-street-crash-of-1929-and-other-causes.html\" >The Great Depression: The Wall Street Crash of 1929 and Other Causes \u2013 Study.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Timeline of the Great Depression:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/wgbh\/americanexperience\/features\/timeline\/rails-timeline\/\" >Timeline of the Great Depression \u2013 AMECRIAN EXPERIENCE \u2013 PBS.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.hyperhistory.com\/online_n2\/connections_n2\/great_depression.html\" >THE TIMELINE OF THE GREAT DEPRESSION \u2013 HyperHistory.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1923\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Turkey\" >Turkey<\/a> becomes a republic following the dissolution of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ottoman_Empire\" >Ottoman Empire<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>History of the Ottoman Empire:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_the_Ottoman_Empire\" >History of the Ottoman Empire \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/ottoman-empire-history.html\" >Ottoman Empire \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a> <em><strong>or<\/strong><\/em> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/ottoman-empire.html\" >Ottoman Empire \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.umich.edu\/%7Eturkish\/links\/ottemp_brhist.html\" >A Brief History of Ottoman Empire \u2013 UMICH.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theottomans.org\/english\/history\/index.asp\" >History \u2013 The Ottomans \u2013 TheOttomans.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/religion\/religions\/islam\/history\/ottomanempire_1.shtml\" >Ottoman Empire (1301-1922) \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.turizm.net\/turkey\/history\/ottoman3.html\" >THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE \u2013 1600 \u2013 1023 \u2013 Turizm.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/geography.about.com\/od\/historyofgeography\/a\/The-Ottoman-Empire.htm\" >The Ottoman Empire \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of Turkey:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Turkey\" >History of Turkey \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/turkey\/2.htm\" >History \u2013 Turkey \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/turkey-country-asia-europe-history.html\" >Turkey \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyofturkey.com\/\" >History of Turkey \u2013 HistoryOfTurkey.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.chatham.edu\/academics\/globalfocus\/archives\/turkey_1011\/_pdf\/history_culture.pdf\" >History and Culture of Turkey: From Anatolian Civilization to Modern Republic \u2013 Chatham.edu \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyworld.net\/wrldhis\/PlainTextHistories.asp?groupid=3135&amp;HistoryID=ac94\" >HISTORY OF TURKEY \u2013 HistoryWorld.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.allaboutturkey.com\/history.htm\" >History \u2013 All About Turkey \u2013 AllAboutTurkey.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/turkey\/history\" >Turkey \u2013 History \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/turkey\/2.htm\" >History \u2013 Turkey \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/asianhistory.about.com\/od\/turkeyhistoryculture\/p\/Turkey-Facts-And-History.htm\" >Turkey | Facts and History \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/history-of-turkey\/\" >History of Turkey \u2013 CBSNews.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/history.howstuffworks.com\/asian-history\/history-of-turkey.htm\" >History of Turkey \u2013 HowStuffWorks.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-europe-17994865\" >Turkey profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Turkey:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/geos\/tu.html\" >TURKEY \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.un.org\/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=Turkey\" >Turkey \u2013 UN Data<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Turkey\" >Turkey \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/turkey.html\" >Turkey \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/turkey\/\" >Turkey \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/middleeast.about.com\/od\/turkey\/p\/me071020.htm\" >Turkey: Country Profile \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-europe-17988453\" >Turkey country profile \u2013 Overview \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Foreign Relations of Turkey:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_Turkey\" >Foreign relations of Turkey \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mfa.gov.tr\/default.en.mfa\" >Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Turkey<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldheritage.org\/articles\/Foreign_relations_of_Turkey\" >FOREIGN RELATIONS OF TURKEY \u2013 WorldHeritage.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cfr.org\/region\/turkey\/ri310\" >Turkey \u2013 Council on Foreign Relations \u2013 CFR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/r\/pa\/ei\/bgn\/3432.htm\" >US Relations with Turkey \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mfa.gov.tr\/relations-between-turkey-and-the-european-union.en.mfa\" >Turkey-EU Relations \u2013 REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Economy of Turkey:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_Turkey\" >Economy of Turkey \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/country\/turkey\" >Turkey \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/turkey\" >Turkey \u2013 Data \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/turkey\" >Turkey \u2013 Index \u2013 THE HERITAGE FOUNDATION<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.enjoyturkey.com\/info\/facts\/Economy.htm\" >Turkish Economy \u2013 EnjoyTurky.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1922\u00a0 <\/strong>King <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Victor_Emmanuel_III_of_Italy\" >Victor Emmanuel III of Italy<\/a>, appoints <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Benito_Mussolini\" >Benito Mussolini<\/a> as Prime Minister.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Benito Mussolini:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/world-war-ii\/benito-mussolini\" >BENITO MUSSOLINI \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/history1900s.about.com\/od\/people\/a\/Mussolini.htm\" >Who Was Benito Mussolini? \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/europeanhistory.about.com\/od\/italyandthecitystates\/p\/prmussolini.htm\" >Benito Mussolini \u2013 Summary of Mussolini \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.biography.com\/people\/benito-mussolini-9419443#%21\" >Benito Mussolini (1983-1945) \u2013 Biography.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.comandosupremo.com\/benito-mussolini.html\" >Benito Mussolini \u2013 CommandoSupremo.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.digitalhistory.uh.edu\/disp_textbook.cfm?smtID=2&amp;psid=3486\" >\u201c<em>Benito Mussolini\u2019s Italy posed another threat to world peace. Mussolini, Italy\u2019s ruler from 1922 to 1943, promised to restore his country\u2019s martial glory. Surrounded by storm troopers dressed in black shirts, Mussolini delivered impassioned speeches from balconies, while crowds chanted, \u2018Duce! Duce!<\/em>\u2019\u201d \u2013 Italy \u2013 Digital History ID 3486 \u2013 Digital History \u2013 UH.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/news\/9-things-you-may-not-know-about-mussolini\" >9 Things You May Not Know About Mussolini \u2013 HISTORY IN THE HEADLINES \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Mussolini\u2019s Death:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Death_of_Benito_Mussolini\" >Death of Benito Mussolini \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.custermen.com\/ItalyWW2\/ILDUCE\/Mussolini.htm\" >Execution of Mussolini \u2013 Custermen.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/wn.com\/death_and_execution_of_benito_mussolini_1945\" >Death and Execution of Benito Mussolini 1945 \u2013 WN.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyinanhour.com\/2010\/04\/28\/mussolini-execution\/\" >The Execution of Mussolini \u2013 a summary \u2013 History in an hour \u2013 HistoryInAnHour.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Timeline \u2013 Mussolini:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historymole.com\/cgi-bin\/main\/results.pl?theme=10025525\" >Timeline \u2013 Benito Mussolini \u2013 HistoryMole.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.softschools.com\/timelines\/mussolini_timeline\/207\/\" >Mussolini Timeline \u2013 SoftSchools.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/skepticism.org\/timelines\/tag\/people\/benito-mussolini\/order:year\/criteria:4\/tmpl_suffix:_table\/\" >Mussolini Timeline \u2013 Skepticism.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/whenintime.com\/tl\/family\/Benito_Mussolini\/\" >Family of Benito Mussolini \u2013 Timeline \u2013 WhenInTime.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/history\/historic_figures\/mussolini_benito.shtml\" >History \u2013 Benito Mussolini (1983-1945) \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Mussolini\u2019s Doctrine:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldfuturefund.org\/wffmaster\/Reading\/Germany\/mussolini.htm\" >THE DOCTRINE OF FASCISM \u2013 BENITO MUSSOLIN (1932) \u2013 WorldFutureFund.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.wwnorton.com\/college\/history\/ralph\/workbook\/ralprs35.htm\" >The Basic Philosophy of Fascism: Benito Mussolini \u2013 Chapter 35 \u2013 WWNorton.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyguide.org\/europe\/duce.html\" >Mussolini, Doctrine of Fascism (1932) \u2013 The History Guide \u2013 HistoryGuide.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/hollowverse.com\/benito-mussolini\/\" >The Religion and Political Views of Benito Mussolini \u2013 HallowVerse.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fascism\" >Fascism \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.philosophybasics.com\/branch_fascism.html\" >\u201c<em><strong>Italian Fascism<\/strong><\/em><em> (in Italian, <\/em><strong><em>Fascismo<\/em><\/strong><em>) is the <\/em><strong><em>authoritarian<\/em><\/strong><em> political movement which ruled Italy from 1922 to 1943 under the leadership of <\/em><strong><em>Benito Mussolini<\/em><\/strong><em> (1883 \u2013 1945). It is the <\/em><strong><em>original model<\/em><\/strong><em> which inspired other Fascist ideologies, and is generally referred to simply as Fascism<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 The Basics of Philosophy \u2013 PhilosophyBasics.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.fsmitha.com\/h2\/phil-pareto.htm\" >Fascism and Philosophy \u2013 MACRO HISTORY AND THE TIMELINE<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.crf-usa.org\/bill-of-rights-in-action\/bria-25-4-mussolini-and-the-rise-of-fascism.html\" >Mussolini and the Rise of Fascism \u2013 CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS FOUNDATION \u2013 <em>Bill of Rights in Action \u2013 <\/em>SUMMER 2010 (Volume 25, No. 4)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/greatspeeches.wordpress.com\/category\/twentieth-century-speeches\/benito-mussolini-speeches\/\" >Archive for the Benito Mussolini Speeches\u2019 Category \u2013 HISTORICAL SPEECHES \u2013 WordPress.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1921\u00a0 <\/strong>Second trial of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sacco_and_Vanzetti\" >Sacco and Vanzetti<\/a> in the United States of America.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1921\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Link_River_Dam\" >Link River Dam<\/a>, a part of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Klamath_Reclamation_Project\" >Klamath Reclamation Project<\/a>, is completed.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1918 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/German_Empire\" >German<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/High_Seas_Fleet\" >High Seas Fleet<\/a> is incapacitated when sailors <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wilhelmshaven_mutiny\" >mutiny<\/a> on the night of the 29th-30th, an action which would trigger the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/German_Revolution_of_1918%E2%80%9319\" >German Revolution of 1918\u201319<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1901\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Capital_punishment\" >Capital punishment<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Leon_Czolgosz\" >Leon Czolgosz<\/a>, the assassin of U.S. President <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/William_McKinley\" >William McKinley<\/a>, is executed by electrocution.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1888\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Convention_of_Constantinople\" >Convention of Constantinople<\/a> is signed, guaranteeing free maritime passage through the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Suez_Canal\" >Suez Canal<\/a> during war and peace.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Suez Canal:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/news\/9-fascinating-facts-about-the-suez-canal\" >9 Fascinating Facts About the Suez Canal \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/military\/world\/egypt\/suez-canal-05.htm\" >Building the Suez Canal 1859-1869 \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/blogs.umb.edu\/buildingtheworld\/waterworks\/the-suez-canal-egypt\/\" >Suez Canal, Egypt \u2013 BUILDING THE WORLD \u2013 UMB.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/AppData\/Local\/Temp\/suezcanal.gov.eg\/sc.aspx?show=8\" >Suez Canal Authority<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/suez-canal-opens\" >NOV 17, 1869: Suez Canal opens \u2013 THIS DAY IN HISTORY \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/worldhistoryproject.org\/1869\/11\/17\/the-suez-canal-opens\" >NOV 17 1869 \u2013 The Suez Canal Opens \u2013 WorldHistoryProject.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>History of the Suez Canal:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mideastweb.org\/suez_canal_history.htm\" >The Suez Canal \u2013 A History, by Margaret Penfold and Ami Isseroff \u2013 MideastWeb.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.marineinsight.com\/marine\/life-at-sea\/maritime-history\/a-brief-history-of-the-suez-canal\/\" >A Brief History of Suez Canal \u2013 MarineInsight.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/history\/british\/modern\/suez_01.shtml#one\" >Creation of the Canal \u2013 History \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>________________________________________<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>(<em>Sources and references:<\/em><\/strong><em> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/october23\" >https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/october23<\/a> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0to <strong>october_29<\/strong>; <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.onthisday.com\/events\/october\/23\" >http:\/\/www.onthisday.com\/events\/october\/23<\/a> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0to <strong>october\/29<\/strong>;\u00a0\u00a0 <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brainyhistory.com\/days\/october_23.html\" >http:\/\/www.brainyhistory.com\/days\/october_23.html<\/a>.\u00a0\u00a0 to <strong>october_29.html<\/strong>; and other pertinent web sites and\/or documents, mentioned above.<\/em><strong>)<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><em>The views expressed in the cited or quoted websites and\/or documents in this article do not necessarily reflect those of the author of this article. These websites and\/or documents are cited or quoted for academic or educational purposes. Neither the author of this article nor the Transcend Media Service (TMS) is responsible for the contents, information, or whatsoever contained in these websites and\/or documents.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>One of the primary purposes of this article is to provide the readers with opportunities to think about \u201cpeace\u201d, including positive peace and negative peace as well as external\/outer peace and internal\/inner peace, and more, directly or indirectly, from various angles and\/or in the broadest sense, through historical events. It is because this article is prepared specifically for the TMS whose main objective is to address \u201cpeace\u201d.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><em>Satoshi Ashikaga, having worked as researcher, development program\/project officer, legal protection\/humanitarian assistance officer, human rights monitor-negotiator, managing-editor, and more, prefers a peaceful and prudent life, especially that in communion with nature.\u00a0 His previous work experiences, including those in war zones and war-torn zones, remind him of the invaluableness of peace.\u00a0 His interest and\/or expertise includes international affairs, international law, jurisprudence, economic and business affairs, project\/operations or organizational management, geography, history, the environmental\/ecological issues, science and technology, visual\/audio documentation of nature and culture, and more. Being a member of the <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/\" ><em>TRANSCEND Network for Peace, Development and Environment<\/em><\/a><em>, he is currently compiling <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/category\/history\/\" >This Week in History<\/a> <em>on <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/\" >TMS<\/a><em>.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Oct 23-29, 2017 ~ QUOTE OF THE WEEK: \u201cYou can spend minutes, hours, days, weeks, or even months over-analyzing a situation; trying to put the pieces together, justifying what could&#8217;ve, would&#8217;ve happened&#8230; or you can just leave the pieces on the floor and move the fuck on.\u201d &#8212; Tupac Shakur<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[148],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-100290","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-history"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/100290","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=100290"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/100290\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=100290"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=100290"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=100290"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}