{"id":103414,"date":"2017-12-18T12:00:09","date_gmt":"2017-12-18T12:00:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/?p=103414"},"modified":"2017-12-12T15:54:31","modified_gmt":"2017-12-12T15:54:31","slug":"this-week-in-history-159","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2017\/12\/this-week-in-history-159\/","title":{"rendered":"This Week in History"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/TWH-logo-e1501065517548.jpeg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-62806\" src=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/TWH-logo-e1501065517548.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"276\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em>Dec 18-24, 2017<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>QUOTE OF THE WEEK: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.brainyquote.com\/quotes\/quotes\/j\/joshmcdowe597474.html?src=t_death\" >\u201c No matter how devastating our struggles, disappointments, and troubles are, they are only temporary. \u00a0No matter what happens to you, no matter the depth of tragedy or pain you face, no matter how death stalks you and your loved ones, the Resurrection promises you a future of immeasurable good.\u201d\u00a0 <\/a><\/em><\/strong>\u00a0&#8211; Josh McDowell<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>DECEMBER 18<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Today is the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/International_Migrants_Day\" >INTERNATIONAL MIGRANTS DAY<\/a>:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>2006\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Arab_Emirates\" >United Arab Emirates<\/a> holds its <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Arab_Emirates_parliamentary_election,_2006\" >first-ever elections<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2006\u00a0 <\/strong>The first of a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2006%E2%80%9307_Malaysian_floods\" >series of floods<\/a> strikes <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Malaysia\" >Malaysia<\/a>. The death toll of all flooding is at least 118, with over 400,000 people displaced.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2005\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chadian_Civil_War_%282005%E2%80%9310%29\" >Chadian Civil War<\/a> begins when rebel groups, allegedly backed by neighboring <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sudan\" >Sudan<\/a>, launch an <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Adr%C3%A9\" >attack in Adr\u00e9<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Chadian Civil War:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chadian_Civil_War_(2005%E2%80%9310)\" >Chadian Civil War (2005-10) \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.onwar.com\/aced\/chrono\/c2000s\/yr00\/chadiancivilwar2005.htm\" >CHADIAN CIVIL WAR 2005-2010 \u2013 onwar.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldheritage.org\/articles\/Chadian_Civil_War_(2005%E2%80%9310)\" >CHANDIAN CIVIL WAR (2005-19) \u2013 worldheritage.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1999\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/NASA\" >NASA<\/a> launches into orbit the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Terra_%28satellite%29\" >Terra<\/a> platform carrying five Earth Observation instruments, including <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Advanced_Spaceborne_Thermal_Emission_and_Reflection_Radiometer\" >ASTER<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Clouds_and_the_Earth%27s_Radiant_Energy_System\" >CERES<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Multi-angle_Imaging_SpectroRadiometer\" >MISR<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moderate-Resolution_Imaging_Spectroradiometer\" >MODIS<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/MOPITT\" >MOPITT<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1997\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/HTML\" >HTML<\/a> 4.0 is published by the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_Wide_Web_Consortium\" >World Wide Web Consortium<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1989\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/European_Economic_Community\" >European Economic Community<\/a> and the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soviet_Union\" >Soviet Union<\/a> sign an agreement on trade and commercial and economic cooperation.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1978\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Larry_Wall\" >Larry Wall<\/a> releases the first version of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Perl\" >Perl<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Programming_language\" >programming language<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1978\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Underground_nuclear_weapons_testing\" >underground nuclear test<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atyrau\" >Atyrau<\/a> (Kazakhstan), Russia.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>USSR Nuclear Tests in 1978:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1978_Soviet_nuclear_tests\" >1978 Soviet nuclear tests \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Atyrau Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.irinnews.org\/report\/21333\/kazakhstan-atyrau-former-nuclear-testing-site-still-a-health-hazard\" >KAZAKHSTAN: Atyrau former nucler testing site still a health hazard \u2013 11 November 2003 \u2013 IrinNews.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/bnews.kz\/en\/news\/obshchestvo\/atyrau_investigates_consequences_of_nuclear_testing-2013_10_18-1004503\" >Atyrau investigates consequences of nuclear testing, by Batyr Kozhiev \u2013 18 October 2013 \u2013 BNews.kz<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Underground Nuclear Tests:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tightflash.org\/all_911\/third_truth\/nuclear_demolition_basic\/USGSOFR01312.pdf\" >The Containment of Soviet Underground Nuclear Explosions, by Vitaly V. Adshkin, and William Leith \u2013 OPEN FILE REPROT 01-312, September 2001 \u2013 US DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/srl.geoscienceworld.org\/content\/86\/2A\/451.full.pdf\" >Political Seismology or Seismological Politics: Natural Resources Defense Council \u2013 USSR Experiments in Underground Nuclear Test Verification, by Anna Amramina<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2013\/02\/11\/world\/asia\/north-korea-underground-explosion-explainer\/index.html\" >What happens with an underground nuclear test? , by Kevin Voigt \u2013 February 19, 2013 \u2013 CNN<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nnsa.energy.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/nv_sweis\/environmentalimpact\/v2\/Appendix%20H.pdf\" >APPENDIX H \u2013 UNDERGROUND NUCLEAR TESTING<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/gajitz.com\/buried-history-underground-nuclear-weapons-tests\/\" >Buried History: Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 GAJITZ.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theblogbelow.com\/2008\/07\/underground-nuclear-test.html\" >Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 TheBlogBelow.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ldeo.columbia.edu\/res\/pi\/Monitoring\/Arch\/BRV_arch_exp.html\" >Borovoye Archive Data from Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 Columbia.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/of\/1993\/0501\/report.pdf\" >Physical Environment of the Underground Nuclear Test Site on Novaya Zemlya, Russia, by John R. Matzko \u2013 Open-File Report 93-501- Reston, Virginia \u2013 1993 \u2013 THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOGRAPHICAL SURVEY<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>USSR\u2019s Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovwpnprog.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/tests\/USSR-ntestsS.html\" >Database of nuclear tests, USSR\/Russia: overview \u2013 JohnstonArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Effect and\/or Impact of Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/page-3-effects-of-nuclear-weapon-testing-by-the-soviet-union\/\" >Page 3: Effects of Nuclear Weapon Testing by the Soviet Union \u2013 Economic, social, and environmental impacts \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/general-overview-of-theeffects-of-nuclear-testing\/\" >GENERAL OVERVIEW OF THE EFFECTS OF NUCLEAR TESTING \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/slashdot.org\/story\/13\/08\/20\/1738213\/the-secret-effort-to-clean-up-a-former-soviet-nuclear-test-site\" >The Secret Effort To Clean Up a Former Soviet Nuclear Test Site \u2013 Slashdot.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/citeseerx.ist.psu.edu\/viewdoc\/summary?doi=10.1.1.543.8580\" >A Review of Nuclear Testing by the Soviet Union at Novaya, by Vitaly I. Khalturin , Tatyana G. Rautian , Paul G. Richards , and William S. Leith \u2013 CiteSeerX- PSU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1978\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dominica\" >Dominica<\/a> joins the United Nations.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>[<em>Not to be confused with the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dominican_Republic\" >Dominican Republic<\/a>.<\/em>]<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>UN General Assembly Resolution 33\/107:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.un.org\/en\/ga\/search\/view_doc.asp?symbol=A\/RES\/33\/107\" >UN General Assembly Resolution 33\/107 Admission of the Commonwealth of Dominica to membership to the United Nations \u2013 A\/RES\/33\/107<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Dominica:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/geos\/do.html\" >DOMINICA \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.un.org\/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=Dominica\" >Dominica \u2013 UN Data<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/caribbean-islands\/59.htm\" >Dominica \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Dominica\" >Dominica \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/dominica.html\" >Dominica \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.factmonster.com\/country\/dominica.html\" >Dominica \u2013 FactMonster.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-latin-america-19246342\" >Dominica country profile \u2013 Overview \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Foreign Relations of Dominica:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/AppData\/Local\/Temp\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_Dominica\" >Foreign relations of Dominica \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.photius.com\/countries\/dominica\/government\/foreign.html\" >Dominica Government \u2013 Foreign Relations \u2013 Photius.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/AppData\/Local\/Temp\/countrystudies.us\/caribbean-islands\/66.htm\" >Dominica \u2013 Foreign Relations \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/r\/pa\/ei\/bgn\/2295.htm\" >US Relations with Dominica \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cfr.org\/region\/dominican-republic\/ri329\" >Dominica \u2013 Council on Foreign Relations \u2013 CFR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Dominica and the United Nations:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.unsceb.org\/content\/permanent-mission-commonwealth-dominica-un-new-york\" >Permanent Mission of the Common Wealth of Dominica to the United Nations<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.unog.ch\/unog\/website\/missions.nsf\/%28httpPermanentMissions_en%29\/451A4C725A23D51AC1256F4100451EE9?OpenDocument\" >Permanent Mission of the Common Wealth of Dominica to the United Nations Office and other international organizations in Geneva<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of Dominica:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Dominica\" >History of Dominica \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/dominica\/history\" >Dominica \u2013 History \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/history.howstuffworks.com\/south-american-history\/history-of-dominica.htm\" >History of Dominica \u2013 HowStuffsWorks.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thecommonwealth.org\/our-member-countries\/dominica\/history\" >Dominica: History \u2013 The Commonwealth \u2013TheCommonwealth.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldrover.com\/history\/dominica_history.html\" >History of Dominica \u2013 WorldRover.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.avirtualdominica.com\/historytimeline.cfm\" >Dominica\u2019s History timeline \u2013 AVirtualDominica.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-latin-america-19409492\" >Dominica country profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Economy of Dominica:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/AppData\/Local\/Temp\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_Dominica\" >Economy of Dominica \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/country\/dominicanrepublic\/overview\" >Dominica \u2013 Overview \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/AppData\/Local\/Temp\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/dominica\" >Dominica \u2013 Data \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/dominica\" >Dominica \u2013 Index \u2013 THE HERITAGE FOUNDATION<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/caribbean-islands\/64.htm\" >Dominica \u2013 Economy \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thecommonwealth.org\/our-member-countries\/dominica\/economy\" >Dominica: Economy \u2013 TheCommonwealth.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1973\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Islamic_Development_Bank\" >Islamic Development Bank<\/a> is founded.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Islamic Development Bank:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.isdb.org\/irj\/portal\/anonymous?guest_user=idb_en\" >Islamic Development Bank \u2013 Official Site<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/web.mit.edu\/urbanupgrading\/upgrading\/resources\/organizations\/Islamic-Devel-Bank.html\" >Islamic Development Bank \u2013 MIT.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.islamicfinance.com\/2015\/02\/an-overview-of-the-history-of-islamic-finance\/\" >A History of Islamic Finance \u2013 IslamicFinance.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1973\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soyuz_programme\" >Soviet Soyuz Programme<\/a>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soyuz_13\" >Soyuz 13<\/a><\/em>, crewed by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_cosmonauts\" >cosmonauts<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Valentin_Lebedev\" >Valentin Lebedev<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pyotr_Klimuk\" >Pyotr Klimuk<\/a>, is launched from <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Baikonur\" >Baikonur<\/a> in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soviet_Union\" >Soviet Union<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1972\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vietnam_War\" >Vietnam War<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/President_of_the_United_States\" >President<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Richard_Nixon\" >Richard Nixon<\/a> announces that the United States will engage <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/North_Vietnam\" >North Vietnam<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Operation_Linebacker_II\" >Operation Linebacker II<\/a>, a series of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Christmas\" >Christmas<\/a> bombings, after peace talks collapsed with North Vietnam on the 13th.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Vietnam War in 1972:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1972_in_the_Vietnam_War#March\" >March \u2013 1972 in the Vietnam War \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.upi.com\/Archives\/Audio\/Events-of-1972\/Vietnam-War-and-Deaths\/\" >1972 YEAR REVIEW \u2013 Vietnam War and Deaths \u2013 Published: 1972 \u2013 UPI.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/en.citizendium.org\/wiki\/South_Vietnam\" >1972 \u2013 South Vietnam\u2019s ground war, 1972-1975 \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.magnumphotos.com\/Catalogue\/Bruno-Barbey\/1972\/SOUTH-VIETNAM-Vietnam-War-1972-NN145549.html\" >SOUTH VEITNAM 1972: Vietnam War \u2013 Bruno Barbey \u2013 MagnamPhotos.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/battlefieldvietnam\/timeline\/index3.html\" >Battlefield Timeline \u2013 1969-1972 \u2013 Battlefield Vietnam \u2013 PBS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Viet Nam War and Pertinent Events:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/vietnam-war\" >VIETNAM WAR \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.digitalhistory.uh.edu\/disp_textbook.cfm?smtID=2&amp;psid=3470\" >Chronology of Viet Nam War and Pertinent Events \u2013 Digital History \u2013 DigitalHistory.UH.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/asianhistory.about.com\/od\/timelinesofvietnamwar\/p\/Facts-on-the-Vietnam-War.htm\" >Facts on Vietnam | A Quick Guide to the Viet Nam War \u2013 About education \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyofwar.org\/articles\/wars_vietnam_1954_1968.html\" >The Vietnam War 1954-1968 \u2013 HistoryOfWar.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyofwar.org\/articles\/wars_vietnam_1968_1975.html\" >The Vietnam War 1968-75 \u2013 HistoryOfWar.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.english.illinois.edu\/maps\/vietnam\/vietnamwar.htm\" >About the Vietnam War (1960-1975) \u2013 Illinois.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyplace.com\/unitedstates\/vietnam\/index-1965.html\" >The Vietnam War \u2013 The Jungle War 1965 \u2013 1968 \u2013 The History Place \u2013 HistoryPlace.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.atvaudio.com\/ata_vietnamwar.php\" >The VIETNAM WAR: US Involvement &amp; Escalation \u2013 ARCHIVAL TELEVISION AUDIO Inc. \u2013 RESEARCH REPORT \u2013 PART ONE \u2013 April 23, 1961 \u2013 May 27, 1968 \u2013 ATVAudio.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.english.illinois.edu\/maps\/vietnam\/anderson.htm\" >The Diplomatic Course of the Vietnam War, by David L Anderson \u2013 Illinois.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ushistory.org\/us\/55.asp\" >The Vietnam War \u2013 US History \u2013 USHistory.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Leaders_of_the_Vietnam_War\" >Leaders of the Vietnam War \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.u-s-history.com\/pages\/h1888.html\" >America\u2019s Vietnam War in Indochina \u2013 U-S-History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/history.state.gov\/historicaldocuments\/frus1964-68v07\/sources\" >Foreign Relations of the United States, 1964-1968, Volume VII, Vietnam, September 1968-January 1969 \u2013 OFFICE of the HISTORIAN \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.allempires.com\/article\/index.php?q=britain_tet_offensive\" >Britain and the Tet Offensive 1967-1968: A \u2018Turning Point\u2019 in British Foreign Policy? \u2013 All Empires \u2013 AllEmpires.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sparknotes.com\/history\/american\/vietnamwar\/section8.rhtml\" >THE VIETNAM WAR (1945-1975) \u2013 SparkNotes.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Anti-Viet Nam War Movement or Opposition to United States Involvement in the Vietnam War:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Opposition_to_United_States_involvement_in_the_Vietnam_War\" >Opposition to United States involvement in the Vietnam War \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/vietnam-war\/vietnam-war-protests\" >VIET NAM WAR PROTESTS \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Protests_against_the_Vietnam_War\" >Protests against the Vietnam War \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nzhistory.net.nz\/media\/photo\/vietnam-war-protest-1967\" >Vietnam War Protest 1967 \u2013 New Zealand History \u2013 NZHistory.net.nz<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.english.illinois.edu\/maps\/vietnam\/antiwar.html\" >The Anti-War Movement in the United States, by Mark Barringer \u2013 Illinois.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/1stbn4thmarines.net\/operations\/vietnam\/page_13.htm\" >\u201c<em>Opposition to the Vietnam War tended to unite groups opposed to U.S. anti-communism, <\/em>imperialism <em>and <\/em>colonialism <em>and , for those involved with the <\/em>New Left <em>such as the <\/em>Catholic Worker Movement<em>, capitalism itself<\/em>.\u00a0\u201d \u2013 Opposition to the Viet Nam War: 1962-1975<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/libcom.org\/history\/vietnam-gi-resistance\" >1961-1975: GI resistance in the Viet Nam War \u2013 Libcom.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/wgbh\/amex\/twodays\/peopleevents\/e_antiwar.html\" >Student Antiwar Protests and the Backlash \u2013 PBS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lib.berkeley.edu\/MRC\/pacificaviet.html\" >The Pacifica Radio\/UC Berkeley \u2013 Social Activism Sound Recording Project \u2013 Anti-Viet Nam War Protests in San Francisco Bay Area &amp; Beyond \u2013 Berkeley.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.wisconsinhistory.org\/turningpoints\/tp-040\/?action=more_essay\" >Viet Nam and Opposition at Home \u2013 Wisconsin Historical Society \u2013 WisconsinHistory.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/spartacus-educational.com\/VNprotest.htm\" >Viet Nam Protest Movement \u2013 Spartacus-Educational.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1971\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Capitol_Reef_National_Park\" >Capitol Reef National Park<\/a> is established in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Utah\" >Utah<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1970\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-united-states-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >US performs nuclear test<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.onlinenevada.org\/articles\/nevada-test-site-overview\" >(underground)<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nevada_Test_Site\" >Nevada Test Site<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>US Nuclear Weapons Tests:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_United_States\" >List of the nuclear weapons tests of the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nuclear_weapons_and_the_United_States\" >Nuclear Weapons and the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.atomcentral.com\/the-cold-war.aspx\" >The Cold War \u2013 AtomCentral.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Nuclear Weapons and the United States:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nuclear_weapons_and_the_United_States\" >Nuclear Weapons and the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/us\/2014\/231697.htm\" >Nuclear Weapons Testing: History, Progress, Challenges: Verifications and Entry into Force of the CTBT \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/avc\/rls\/202015.htm\" >US Nuclear Weapons Stockpile Life Extension Programs \u2013 January 3, 2013 \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/research\/articles\/2014\/04\/28-50-nuclear-facts\" >50 Facts About US Nuclear Weapons Today \u2013 April 28, 2014 \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/research\/lecture\/2012\/08\/the-future-of-the-us-nuclear-triad\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Program, by Michaela Dodge \u2013 The Heritage Foundation<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.armscontrol.org\/act\/1997_05\/nas\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Policy \u2013 Arms Control Association<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252183576_The_Future_of_the_U.S._Nuclear_Weapons_Program\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Program, by Linton F. Brooks \u2013 ResearchGate.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/us\/2014\/233254.htm\" >US Nuclear Weapons Policy in the 21<sup>st<\/sup> Century \u2013 Rose Gottemoeller, Under Secretary\u00a0for Arms Control and International Security, \u00a0Dixie State University, St. George, Utah \u2013 October 21, 2014 \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Nevada Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fas.org\/nuke\/guide\/usa\/facility\/nts.htm\" >NEVADA TEST SITE \u2013 FAS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/wmd\/facility\/nts.htm\" >NEVADA TEST SITE \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.onlinenevada.org\/articles\/nevada-test-site-overview\" >Nevada Test Site Overview \u2013 OnlineNevada.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/about\/projects\/archive\/nucweapons\/nts\" >Nuclear testing at the Nevada Test Site \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/toxipedia.org\/display\/wanmec\/Nevada+Test+Site\" >Nevada Test Site \u2013 Toxipedia.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/digital.library.unlv.edu\/ntsohp\/\" >Nevada Test Site \u2013 Oral History Project<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/archure.net\/liberty\/nukenevada.html\" >NUKE TESTING in NEVADA \u2013 Archure.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nv.doe.gov\/library\/publications\/Environmental\/DOENV_11718_594.pdf\" >ECOLOGY OF THE NEVADA TEST SITE: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nevadatestsite.info\/\" >Nevada Test Site Workers Exposed to Radiation \u2013 National Cancer Benefits Center \u2013 NevadaTestSite.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/about\/projects\/archive\/nucweapons\/50\" >50 Facts About the US Nuclear Weapons \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Usa\/Tests\/\" >Gallery of US Nuclear Tests \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.acq.osd.mil\/ncbdp\/nm\/nm_book_5_11\/index.htm\" >The Nuclear Matters Handbook<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Ecological and Health Issues in and around the Nevada Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/cdclv.unlv.edu\/healthnv\/environment.html\" >Environment and the Quality of Life in Nevada \u2013 UNLV.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nv.doe.gov\/library\/publications\/Environmental\/DOENV_11718_594.pdf\" ><em>ECONLGOY OF THE NEVADA TEST SITE: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY WITH NARRATIVE SUMMARY, KEY WORD INDEX, AND SPECIES LISTS<\/em> \u2013 DOE\/NEV\/11718-594<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.osti.gov\/scitech\/biblio\/6458066\" ><em>Nevada Applied Ecology Information Center: a review of technical information support provided to the Nevada Applied Ecology Group<\/em><em> \u2013<\/em> Sci-Tech Connect<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/ecologycenter.org\/terrainmagazine\/summer-2002\/sovereignty-at-shoshone-mountain\/\" >\u201c<em>Between 1951 and 1992, the United States bombed its own soil with nuclear weapons \u2014 945 times. All but 17 of those explosions took place on a stretch of basin-and-range desert northwest of Las Vegas called the Nevada Test Site (NTS),\u2026<\/em>\u201d \u2013 Sovereignty at Shoshone Mountain \u2013 EcologyCenter.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.princeton.edu\/%7Eota\/disk1\/1989\/8909\/8909.PDF\" ><em>The Containment of Underground Nuclear Explosions<\/em> \u2013 Princeton.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nevadatestsite.info\/\" >Nevada Test Site Workers Exposed to Radiation \u2013 National Cancer Benefits Center<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1969\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-united-states-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >US performs nuclear test<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nevada_Test_Site\" >Nevada Test Site<\/a>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>For some more pertinent information, see<\/em> \u201c<strong>1970<\/strong> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-united-states-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >US performs nuclear test<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nevada_Test_Site\" >Nevada Test Site<\/a>,\u201d <em>mentioned above.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1969\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Capital_punishment_in_the_United_Kingdom\" >Capital punishment in the United Kingdom<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Home_Secretary\" >Home Secretary<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/James_Callaghan\" >James Callaghan<\/a>\u2018s motion to make permanent the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Murder_%28Abolition_of_Death_Penalty%29_Act_1965\" >Murder (Abolition of Death Penalty) Act 1965<\/a>, which had temporarily suspended <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Capital_punishment\" >capital punishment<\/a> in England, Wales and Scotland for murder (but not for all crimes) for a period of five years.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1968\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> at Eastern Kazakh\/<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Semipalatinsk_Test_Site\" >Semipalatinsk<\/a> USSR.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>USSR Nuclear Tests in 1968:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1968_Soviet_nuclear_tests\" >1968 Soviet nuclear tests &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>USSR\u2019s Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovwpnprog.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/tests\/USSR-ntestsS.html\" >Database of nuclear tests, USSR\/Russia: overview \u2013 JohnstonArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Effect and\/or Impact of Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/page-3-effects-of-nuclear-weapon-testing-by-the-soviet-union\/\" >Page 3: Effects of Nuclear Weapon Testing by the Soviet Union \u2013 Economic, social, and environmental impacts \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/general-overview-of-theeffects-of-nuclear-testing\/\" >GENERAL OVERVIEW OF THE EFFECTS OF NUCLEAR TESTING \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/slashdot.org\/story\/13\/08\/20\/1738213\/the-secret-effort-to-clean-up-a-former-soviet-nuclear-test-site\" >The Secret Effort To Clean Up a Former Soviet Nuclear Test Site \u2013 Slashdot.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/citeseerx.ist.psu.edu\/viewdoc\/summary?doi=10.1.1.543.8580\" >A Review of Nuclear Testing by the Soviet Union at Novaya, by Vitaly I. Khalturin , Tatyana G. Rautian , Paul G. Richards , and William S. Leith \u2013 CiteSeerX- PSU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Underground Nuclear Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tightflash.org\/all_911\/third_truth\/nuclear_demolition_basic\/USGSOFR01312.pdf\" >The Containment of Soviet Underground Nuclear Explosions, by Vitaly V. Adshkin, and William Leith \u2013 OPEN FILE REPROT 01-312, September 2001 \u2013 US DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/srl.geoscienceworld.org\/content\/86\/2A\/451.full.pdf\" >Political Seismology or Seismological Politics: Natural Resources Defense Council \u2013 USSR Experiments in Underground Nuclear Test Verification, by Anna Amramina<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2013\/02\/11\/world\/asia\/north-korea-underground-explosion-explainer\/index.html\" >What happens with an underground nuclear test? , by Kevin Voigt \u2013 February 19, 2013 \u2013 CNN<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nnsa.energy.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/nv_sweis\/environmentalimpact\/v2\/Appendix%20H.pdf\" >APPENDIX H \u2013 UNDERGROUND NUCLEAR TESTING<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/gajitz.com\/buried-history-underground-nuclear-weapons-tests\/\" >Buried History: Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 GAJITZ.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theblogbelow.com\/2008\/07\/underground-nuclear-test.html\" >Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 TheBlogBelow.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ldeo.columbia.edu\/res\/pi\/Monitoring\/Arch\/BRV_arch_exp.html\" >Borovoye Archive Data from Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 Columbia.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/of\/1993\/0501\/report.pdf\" >Physical Environment of the Underground Nuclear Test Site on Novaya Zemlya, Russia, by John R. Matzko \u2013 Open-File Report 93-501- Reston, Virginia \u2013 1993 \u2013 THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOGRAPHICAL SURVEY<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.boston.com\/bigpicture\/2009\/11\/kazakhstans_radioactive_legacy.html\" >Kazakhstan\u2019s radioactive legacy \u2013 Boston.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/wn.com\/semipalatinsk_test_site\" >\u201cMy home: nuclear base Semipalatinsk \u2013 21\u201d, Episode 02 \u201cMain Testing Field\u201d (Video: 3 min. 14 sec.) \u2013 WN.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/soviet_nuclear_testing_semipalatinsk_20th_anniversary\/24311518.html\" >Slow Death In Kazakhstan\u2019s Land Of Nuclear Tests \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/carlwillis.wordpress.com\/2012\/08\/13\/visit-to-the-semipalatinsk-nuclear-test-site\/\" >Visit to the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 SPEICAL NUCLEAR MATERIAL<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www-ns.iaea.org\/appraisals\/semipalatinsk.asp\" >The Semipalatinsk Test Site, Kazakhstan \u2013 IAEA.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nti.org\/facilities\/732\/\" >Semipalatinsk Test Site \u2013 NTI.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/io9.com\/5988266\/the-tragic-story-of-the-semipalatinsk-nuclear-test-site\" >The Tragic Story of the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site, by Vincze Mikl\u00f3s \u2013 io9.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/Sixty_Years_After_First_Soviet_Nuclear_Test_Legacy_Of_Misery_Lives_On\/1809712.html\" >60 Years After First Soviet Nuclear Test, Legacy Of Misery Lives On In Kazakhstan \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty \u2013 Monday, August 10, 2015 \u2013 RFERL.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/2\/hi\/8236431.stm\" >Soviet nuclear tests leave Kazakh fallout \u2013 Sunday, 6 September 2009 \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/wp-dyn\/content\/story\/2010\/02\/24\/ST2010022403314.html?sid=ST2010022403314\" >In Kazakhstan, the race for uranium goes nuclear, by Philip P. Pan \u2013 Thursday, February 25, 2005 \u2013 The Washington Post<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclearno.com\/text.asp?17456\" >Secrets of Semipalatinsk: How nuclear theft was averted in Central Asia \u2013 NuclearNo.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/listverse.com\/2012\/05\/15\/top-10-nuclear-test-sites\/\" >Top 10 Nuclear Test Sites, Michael Affleck, May 15, 2012 \u2013 Our World \u2013 ListVerse.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Health, and Ecological Issues in Kazakhstan\/Semipalatinsk:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/reference.allrefer.com\/country-guide-study\/kazakhstan\/kazakhstan17.html\" >Kazakstan\/Kazakhstan \u2013 Environmental Problems \u2013 Reference.AllRefer.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclear-risks.org\/fileadmin\/user_upload\/pdfs\/HBWW_EN\/Semipalatinsk_EN_web.pdf\" >\u201cIn Semipalatinsk, the local population was exposed to high levels of radioactivity from nuclear weapon tests for several decades\u2026\u201d \u2013 Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: Nuclear test site \u2013 Nuclear-Risk.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/large.stanford.edu\/courses\/2014\/ph241\/powell2\/docs\/vakulchuk.pdf\" >Semipalatinsk nuclear testing: the humanitarian consequences \u2013 Norwegian Institute of International Affairs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclearfiles.org\/menu\/key-issues\/nuclear-weapons\/issues\/testing\/PDFs\/JC-143920%5B1%5D.pdf\" >Radionuclide Contamination at Kazakhstan\u2019s Semipalatinsk Test Site Implications on Human and Ecological Heath, by T.M. Carlsen, L.E. Peterson, B.A. Ulsh, C.A. Werner, K.L.Purvis, A.C. Sharber<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.irpa.net\/irpa10\/cdrom\/00504.pdf\" >Radiation Exposure on Residents due to Semipalatinsk Nuclear Tests \u2013 IRPA.net<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nukefreetexas.org\/downloads\/plutominum_uranium_semipalatinsk_test_site.pdf\" >Plutonium and Uranium in Human Bones from Areas surrounding the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 NukeFreeTexas.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.csmonitor.com\/World\/Asia-South-Central\/2013\/0828\/Secrets-of-Semipalatinsk-How-nuclear-theft-was-averted-in-Central-Asia\" >\u201cTheir research done on sample villages near the test site found cancer mortality rates 2-1\/2 times greater than those in a control village. The agency says some 356,000 people face radiation risk, with 70 percent of those being descendants of exposed villagers\u2026\u201d \u2013 Secrets of Semipalatinsk: How nuclear theft was averted in Central Asia \u2013 The Christian Science Monitor<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/cajgh.pitt.edu\/ojs\/index.php\/cajgh\/article\/view\/127\/0\" >Studies of Health Effects from Nuclear Testing near the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site Kazakhstan, by Bernd Grosche, Tamara Zhunussova, Kazbek Apsalikov, Ausrele Kesminiene<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.idosi.org\/wasj\/wasj23%285%2913\/19.pdf\" >Information Report on Biological Studies Conducted At the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 IDOSI.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/europepmc.org\/articles\/PMC3866702\" >Mortality from Cardiovascular Disease in the Semipalatinsk Historical Cohort, 1960 \u2013 1999, and its Relationship to Radiation Exposure \u2013 Europe PubMed Central<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1966\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> at Eastern Kazakh\/<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Semipalatinsk_Test_Site\" >Semipalitinsk<\/a> USSR.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>USSR Nuclear Tests in 1966:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1966_Soviet_nuclear_tests\" >1966 Soviet nuclear tests &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>For some more pertinent information, see<\/em> \u201c<strong>1968<\/strong> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> at Eastern Kazakh\/<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Semipalatinsk_Test_Site\" >Semipalitinsk<\/a> USSR,\u201d <em>mentioned above<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1966\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Saturn\" >Saturn<\/a>\u2018s moon <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Epimetheus_%28moon%29\" >Epimetheus<\/a> is discovered by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Richard_L._Walker\" >Richard L. Walker<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1964\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-united-states-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >US performs nuclear test<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nevada_Test_Site\" >Nevada Test Site<\/a>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>For some more pertinent information, see<\/em> \u201c<strong>1970<\/strong> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-united-states-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >US performs nuclear test<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nevada_Test_Site\" >Nevada Test Site<\/a>,\u201d <em>mentioned above.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1958\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SCORE_%28satellite%29\" >Project SCORE<\/a>, the world\u2019s first <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Communications_satellite\" >communications satellite<\/a>, is launched.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1956\u00a0 <\/strong>Japan joins the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Nations\" >United Nations<\/a>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.un.org\/en\/ga\/search\/view_doc.asp?symbol=A\/RES\/1113%28XI%29\" >UN General Assembly Resolution 1113 (XI): Admission of Japan to membership the United Nations \u2013 A\/RES\/1113(XI)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Japan:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/geos\/ja.html\" >JAPAN \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.un.org\/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=Japan\" >Japan \u2013 UN Data<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-asia-pacific-14918801\" >Japan country profile \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-asia-pacific-15219730\" >Japan profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Japan and the United Nations:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Japan_and_the_United_Nations\" >Japan and the United Nations \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=rYLjlWDDkNk\" >YouTube video (2 min. 02 sec.): Prince Wan Waithayakon on Japan\u2019s admission to the United Nations \u2013 1956<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><u><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.un.org\/en\/sections\/un-charter\/chapter-xvii-0\/index.html\" ><strong>Article 107 of the UN Charter:<\/strong> \u201c<em>Nothing in the present Charter shall invalidate or preclude action, in relation to any state which during the Second World War has been an enemy of any signatory to the present Charter, taken or authorized as a result of that war by the Governments having responsibility for such action<\/em>.\u201d<\/a><\/u><\/li>\n<li><strong><u><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.un.org\/en\/sections\/un-charter\/chapter-viii\/index.html\" >Article 53 of the UN Charter: \u201c <em>The Security Council shall, where appropriate, utilize such regional arrangements or agencies for enforcement action under its authority. But no enforcement action shall be taken under regional arrangements or by regional agencies without the authorization of the Security Council, with the exception of measures against any enemy state, as defined in paragraph 2 of this Article, provided for pursuant to Article 107 or in regional arrangements directed against renewal of aggressive policy on the part of any such state, until such time as the Organization may, on request of the Governments concerned, be charged with the responsibility for preventing further aggression by such a state. 2. The term enemy state as used in paragraph 1 of this Article applies to any state which during the Second World War has been an enemy of any signatory of the present Charter<\/em>.\u201d<\/a><\/u><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1944\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: Seventy-seven <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Boeing_B-29_Superfortress\" >B-29 Superfortress<\/a> and 200 other aircraft of US <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fourteenth_Air_Force\" >Fourteenth Air Force<\/a> bomb <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hankou\" >Hankow, China<\/a>, a Japanese supply base.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1939\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_II\" >World War II<\/a>: The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_the_Heligoland_Bight_%281939%29\" >Battle of the Heligoland Bight<\/a>, the first major air battle of the war, takes place.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1935\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lanka_Sama_Samaja_Party\" >Lanka Sama Samaja Party<\/a> is founded in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sri_Lanka\" >Ceylon<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1916\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_I\" >World War I<\/a>: The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Verdun\" >Battle of Verdun<\/a> ends when German forces under <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chief_of_staff\" >Chief of staff<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Erich_von_Falkenhayn\" >Erich von Falkenhayn<\/a> are defeated by the French, and suffer 337,000 casualties.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1892\u00a0 <\/strong>Premiere performance of <em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Nutcracker\" >The Nutcracker<\/a><\/em> by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pyotr_Ilyich_Tchaikovsky\" >Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Saint_Petersburg\" >Saint Petersburg<\/a>, Russia.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1888\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Richard_Wetherill\" >Richard Wetherill<\/a> and his brother in-law discover the ancient Indian ruins of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cliff_Palace\" >Cliff Palace<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mesa_Verde_National_Park\" >Mesa Verde<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1878\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/House_of_Thani\" >Al-Thani<\/a> family become the rulers of the state of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Qatar\" >Qatar<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>DECEMBER 19<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>2012\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Park_Geun-hye\" >Park Geun-hye<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/South_Korean_presidential_election,_2012\" >is elected<\/a> the first female <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/President_of_South_Korea\" >president of South Korea<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2001\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1998%E2%80%932002_Argentine_great_depression\" >Argentine economic crisis<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/December_2001_riots_in_Argentina\" >December 2001 riots<\/a> \u2013 Riots erupt in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Buenos_Aires\" >Buenos Aires<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Argentina\" >Argentina<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2001\u00a0 <\/strong>A record high <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atmospheric_pressure\" >barometric pressure<\/a> of 1085.6 <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pascal_%28unit%29\" >hPa<\/a> (32.06 <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Inch_of_mercury\" >inHg<\/a>) is recorded at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tosontsengel,_Kh%C3%B6vsg%C3%B6l\" >Tosontsengel, Kh\u00f6vsg\u00f6l<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mongolia\" >Mongolia<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2000\u00a0 <\/strong>The Leninist Guerrilla Units wing of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Communist_Labour_Party_of_Turkey\/Leninist\" >Communist Labour Party of Turkey\/Leninist<\/a> attack a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nationalist_Movement_Party\" >Nationalist Movement Party<\/a> office in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Istanbul\" >Istanbul<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Turkey\" >Turkey<\/a>, killing one person and injuring three.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1998\u00a0 <\/strong>President <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bill_Clinton\" >Bill Clinton<\/a> is <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impeachment_of_Bill_Clinton\" >impeached<\/a> by the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States_House_of_Representatives\" >United States House of Representatives<\/a>, becoming the second President of the United States to be <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impeached\" >impeached<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1995\u00a0 <\/strong>The United States Government restores federal recognition to the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nottawaseppi_Huron_Band_of_Potawatomi\" >Nottawaseppi Huron Band of Potawatomi<\/a> Native American tribe.<\/p>\n<p><strong>198<\/strong><strong>6\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mikhail_Gorbachev\" >Mikhail Gorbachev<\/a>, leader of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soviet_Union\" >Soviet Union<\/a>, releases <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Andrei_Sakharov\" >Andrei Sakharov<\/a> and his wife from <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Exile\" >exile<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nizhny_Novgorod\" >Gorky<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Andrei Sakharov:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Andrei_Sakharov\" >Andrei Sakharov \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nobelprize.org\/nobel_prizes\/peace\/laureates\/1975\/sakharov-bio.html\" >Andrei Sakharov \u2013 Biographical \u2013 nobelprize.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.notablebiographies.com\/Ro-Sc\/Sakharov-Andrei.html\" >Andrei Sakharov Biography \u2013 notablebiographies.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aip.org\/history\/exhibits\/sakharov\/\" >ANDREI SAKHAROV \u2013 aip.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.atomicarchive.com\/Bios\/Sakharov.shtml\" >Andrei Sakharov (1921-1989) \u2013 atomicarchive.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/wgbh\/amex\/bomb\/peopleevents\/pandeAMEX67.html\" >Andrei Sakharov, (1921-1989) \u2013 AMERICAN EXPERIENCE \u2013 pbs.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1984\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sino-British_Joint_Declaration\" >Sino-British Joint Declaration<\/a>, stating that China would resume the exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong and the United Kingdom would restore Hong Kong to China with effect from July 1, 1997 is signed in Beijing, China by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Deng_Xiaoping\" >Deng Xiaoping<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Margaret_Thatcher\" >Margaret Thatcher<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Sino-British Joint Declaration of 1984:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sino-British_Joint_Declaration\" >Sino-British Joint Declaration \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Text of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.legislation.gov.hk\/blis_ind.nsf\/CurAllEngDoc\/034B10AF5D3058DB482575EE000EDB9F\" >JOINT DECLARATION OF THE GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND AND THE GOVERNMENT OF THE PEOPLE&#8217;S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ON THE QUESTION OF HONG KONG \u2013 gov.hk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/digitalcommons.lmu.edu\/cgi\/viewcontent.cgi?article=1071&amp;context=ilr\" >Official Publication: Sino-British Joint Declaration on the Question of Hong Kong \u2013 lmu.edu &#8211; pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.basiclaw.gov.hk\/en\/publications\/book\/15anniversary_reunification_ch1_2.pdf\" >Sino-British Negotiations and the Sino-British Joint Declaration \u2013 gov.hk &#8211; pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1984\u00a0 <\/strong>China detonates its first <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/596_%28nuclear_test%29\" >nuclear weapon<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lop_Nur#Lop_Nur_Nuclear_Weapons_Test_Base\" >Lop Nor<\/a>, China.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Lop Nor Nuclear Weapons Test Site:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nti.org\/facilities\/710\/\" >Lop Nor Nuclear Weapons Test Base \u2013 NTI.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><u><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fas.org\/nuke\/guide\/china\/facility\/lop_nor.htm\" >\u201c<em>US satellite intelligence imagery of 6-9 August 1964 showed that the previously suspect facility near Lop Nor in Sinkiang was almost certainly a nuclear testing site<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Base 21 Lop Nor \u2013 FAS.org<\/a><\/u><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclear-risks.org\/en\/hibakusha-worldwide\/lop-nor.html\" >\u201c<em>Between 1964 and 1996, the People\u2019s Republic of China conducted 45 nuclear tests in Lop Nor, a lake region in the Western province of Xinjiang<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Lop Nor, China \u2013 Nuclear-Risks.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.drben.net\/ChinaReport\/Xinjiang_Uyghur_AR\/Bayin_Gholin\/Lop_Nor-Lop_Nuur-History.html\" >History of Lop Nor \u2013 The Shihezi Report<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ldeo.columbia.edu\/%7Efelixw\/research\/LopNor.html\" >Nuclear Explosion Location at the Lop Nor test site, China<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>China\u2019s Nuclear Weapon Programs:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_China\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of China \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/specials\/testing-times\/16-october-1964-first-chinese-nuclear-test\/\" >16 OCTOBER 1964 \u2013 FIRST CHINESE NUCLEAR TEST \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/China_and_weapons_of_mass_destruction\" >China and weapons of mass destruction \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nti.org\/country-profiles\/china\/\" >China \u2013 Overview \u2013 NTI.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearfiles.org\/menu\/key-issues\/nuclear-weapons\/issues\/proliferation\/china\/index.htm\" >China \u2013 NuclearFiles.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nsarchive.gwu.edu\/NSAEBB\/NSAEBB26\/index.html\" >The Chinese Nuclear Weapons Program: Problems of Intelligence Collection and Analysis, 1964-1972\u2013 edited by William Burr \u2013 \u2013 published March 30, 2000 \u2013 GWU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/China\/ChinaArsenal.html\" >China\u2019s Nuclear Weapons \u2013 Present Capabilities \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/web.mit.edu\/efogg\/Public\/chinanuclear.pdf\" >The China\u2019s Nuclear Weapons Program and its Threat to the United States and Her Allies, by Erik Fogg \u2013 December 6, 2006 \u2013 MIT.edu \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/project2049.net\/half_lives_china_nuclear_warhead_program.pdf\" >\u201c<em>As such, the People\u2019s Republic of China (PRC) is improving its nuclear deterrent to undermine the coercive effects of other countries nuclear weapons. The People\u2019s Liberation Army\u2019s (PLA) Second Artillery Force is building a next generation intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM), and the PLA Navy is gradually working toward the goal of fielding nuclear submarines capable of launching a new submarine launched ballistic missile (SLBM)<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 HALVE LIVES: A PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT CHINA\u2019S NUCLEAR WARHEAD LIFE EXTENSION AND SAFETY PROGRAM \u2013 Project 2049 Institute \u2013 June 29, 2013 \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fas.org\/nuke\/guide\/china\/nuke\/index.html\" >\u201c<em>The first Chinese nuclear test was conducted at Lop Nor on 16 October 1964 (CHIC 1). It was a tower shot involving a fission device with a yield of 25 kilotons. Uranium 235 was used as the nuclear fuel, which indicates Beijing\u2019s choice of the path of creating high-yield nuclear weapons right away<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Nuclear Weapons \u2013 FAS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclearweaponarchive.org\/China\/ChinaTesting.html\" >China\u2019s Nuclear Weapons \u2013 China\u2019s Nuclear Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/world-nuclear.org\/info\/Country-Profiles\/Countries-A-F\/China--Nuclear-Power\/\" >Nuclear Power in China \u2013 WORLD NUCLEAR ASSOCIATION \u2013 World-Nuclear.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wilsoncenter.org\/sites\/default\/files\/soviet_policies_twrds_chinas_nuclear_weapons_prgm_1.pdf\" >THE NUCLEAR PROLIFERATION INTERNATIOAL HISTORY PROJECT WORKING PAPER SERIES \u2013 Between Aid and Restriction: Changing Soviet Policies toward China\u2019s Nuclear Weapons Program: 1954-1960, by Zhihua Shen and Yafeng Xia \u2013 NPIHP Working Paper #2 \u2013 May 2012 \u2013 WilsonCenter.org \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/articles\/2013-06-02\/china-nuclear-weapons-stock-grows-as-india-matches-pakistan-rise\" >China Nuclear Stockpile as India Matches Pakistan Rise, by Robert Wall \u2013 June 3, 2013 \u2013 Bloomberg.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nationalinterest.org\/feature\/should-america-fear-chinas-nuclear-weapons-11046\" >Should America Fear China\u2019s Nuclear Weapons? ,by Robert Farley \u2013 August 10, 2014 \u2013 The National Interest \u2013 NationalInterest.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_Republic_of_China\" >Timeline of China\u2019s nuclear program \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1978\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/frances-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >France performs nuclear test<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moruroa#French_nuclear_weapons_testing\" >Muruora<\/a> Island.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>French Nuclear Tests 1975-78:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1975%E2%80%9378_French_nuclear_tests\" >1975-78 French nuclear tests \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Muruora:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Mururoa\" >Muruora \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/wmd\/world\/france\/mururoa.htm\" >Muruora \u2013 Weapons of Mass Destruction \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www1.american.edu\/ted\/ice\/MURUROA.htm\" >Case Identifier: MURUORA \u2013 Case Name: French Nuclear Tests in South Pacific \u2013 ICE Case Studies, by Tish Falco \u2013 American.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=7NEa-qDqUCU\" >YouTube video (2 min. 11 sec.): Amazing nuclear tests in French Polynesia and Muruora<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=vxmpVJhs2BU\" >YouTube video (5 min. 06 sec.): SOUTH PACIFIC: MURUORA: FRANCE TO GO AHEAD WITH NUCLEAR TESTING<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=HdC1SaOATjs\" >YouTube video (16 min. 27 sec.): Nuclear Mentality \u2013 France<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>France\u2019s Nuclear Tests:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/France\/FranceOrigin.html\" >France\u2019s Nuclear Weapons \u2013 Origin of the Force de Frappe<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/France\/FranceArsenalDev.html\" >France\u2019s Nuclear Weapons \u2013 Development of the Nuclear Arsenal<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/wmd\/world\/france\/nuke.htm\" >France \u2013 Weapons of Mass Destruction \u2013 Nuclear Weapons \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.atomicarchive.com\/Almanac\/Testing.shtml\" >Nuclear Test Sites \u2013 AtomicArchive.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.france24.com\/en\/20140214-map-shows-huge-radiation-spread-french-saharan-nuclear-tests\/\" >Declassified files expose lies of French nuclear tests \u2013 France24.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/english.ohmynews.com\/articleview\/article_view.asp?menu=&amp;no=325785&amp;rel_no=1&amp;back_url=\" >History of French Nuclear Tests in the Pacific \u2013 Part I<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/english.ohmynews.com\/articleview\/article_view.asp?menu=&amp;no=327255&amp;rel_no=1&amp;back_url=\" >Part II<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/english.ohmynews.com\/articleview\/article_view.asp?no=339393&amp;rel_no=1\" >Part III<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2013\/jul\/03\/french-nuclear-tests-polynesia-declassified\" >French nuclear tests \u2018showered vast area of Polynesia with radioactivity \u2013 3 July 2013 \u2013 The Guardian.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_France\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of France \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1975\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/John_Paul_Stevens\" >John Paul Stevens<\/a> is appointed a justice of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States\" >Supreme Court of the United States<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1972\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Apollo_program\" >Apollo program<\/a>: The last manned lunar flight, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Apollo_17\" >Apollo 17<\/a>, crewed by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eugene_Cernan\" >Eugene Cernan<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ronald_Evans_%28astronaut%29\" >Ronald Evans (astronaut)<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Harrison_Schmitt\" >Harrison Schmitt<\/a>, returns to <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Earth\" >Earth<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1964\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Army_of_the_Republic_of_Vietnam\" >South Vietnamese military junta<\/a> of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nguy%E1%BB%85n_Kh%C3%A1nh\" >Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u00e1nh<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/December_1964_South_Vietnamese_coup\" >dissolve the High National Council<\/a> and arrest some of the members.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1961\u00a0 <\/strong>India <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indian_annexation_of_Goa\" >annexes<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Daman_and_Diu\" >Daman and Diu<\/a>, part of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portuguese_India\" >Portuguese India<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1946\u00a0 <\/strong>Start of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/First_Indochina_War\" >First Indochina War<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>First Indochina War:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/dingeengoete.blogspot.com\/2013\/12\/this-day-in-history-dec-19-1946-start.html\" >This Day in History: Dec 19, 1946: Start of the First Indochina War \u2013 Dinge en Goete<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.coldwar.org\/articles\/40s\/FirstIndochinaWar.asp\" >FIRST INDOCHINA WAR \u2013 ColdWar.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/First-Indochina-War\" >First Indochina War \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyguy.com\/indochina_war_first.htm\" >First Indochina War \u2013 The History Guy \u2013 HistoryGuy.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/alphahistory.com\/vietnam\/first-indochina-war\/\" >The First Indochina War \u2013 AlphaHistory.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1941\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Limpet_mine\" >Limpet mines<\/a> placed by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Italian_Navy\" >Italian<\/a> divers heavily damage the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/HMS_Valiant_%281914%29\" >HMS\u00a0<em>Valiant<\/em><\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/HMS_Queen_Elizabeth_%281913%29\" >HMS\u00a0<em>Queen Elizabeth<\/em><\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Raid_on_Alexandria_%281941%29\" >Alexandria harbour<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1941\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_II\" >World War II<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Adolf_Hitler\" >Adolf Hitler<\/a> becomes Supreme <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Commander-in-chief\" >Commander-in-chief<\/a> of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/German_Army_%28Wehrmacht%29\" >German Army<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1932\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/BBC_World_Service\" >BBC World Service<\/a> begins broadcasting as the BBC Empire Service.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1927\u00a0 <\/strong>Three Indian revolutionaries, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ram_Prasad_Bismil\" >Ram Prasad Bismil<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Roshan_Singh\" >Roshan Singh<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ashfaqulla_Khan\" >Ashfaqulla Khan<\/a> are executed by the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/British_Empire\" >British Empire<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1920\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Constantine_I_of_Greece\" >King Constantine I<\/a> is restored as <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kingdom_of_Greece\" >King of the Hellenes<\/a> after the death of his son <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alexander_of_Greece\" >Alexander of Greece<\/a> and a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Referendum\" >plebiscite<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1916\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_I\" >World War I<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Verdun\" >Battle of Verdun<\/a>: On the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Western_Front_%28World_War_I%29\" >Western Front<\/a>, the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/French_Army\" >French Army<\/a> successfully holds off the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/German_Army#World_War_I_1914.E2.80.931918\" >German Army<\/a> and drives it back to its starting position.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1796\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/French_Revolutionary_Wars\" >French Revolutionary Wars<\/a>: Two British frigates under Commodore <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Horatio_Nelson,_1st_Viscount_Nelson\" >Horatio Nelson<\/a> and two Spanish frigates under Commodore Don Jacobo Stuart <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Action_of_19_December_1796\" >engage in battle<\/a> off the coast of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Murcia\" >Murcia<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>DECEMBER 20<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>2013\u00a0 <\/strong>China successfully <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/China_National_Space_Administration\" >launches<\/a> the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bolivia\" >Bolivian<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/T%C3%BApac_Katari_1\" >T\u00fapac Katari 1<\/a> from the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Xichang_Satellite_Launch_Center\" >Xichang Satellite Launch Center<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2007\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Elizabeth_II\" >Elizabeth II<\/a> becomes the oldest monarch of the United Kingdom, surpassing <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Queen_Victoria\" >Queen Victoria<\/a>, who lived for 81 years, 7 months and 29 days.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2007\u00a0 <\/strong>The <em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portrait_of_Suzanne_Bloch\" >Portrait of Suzanne Bloch<\/a><\/em> (1904), by the Spanish artist <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pablo_Picasso\" >Pablo Picasso<\/a>, and <em>O Lavrador de Caf\u00e9<\/em> by Brazilian modernist painter <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/C%C3%A2ndido_Portinari\" >C\u00e2ndido Portinari<\/a>, are stolen from the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/S%C3%A3o_Paulo_Museum_of_Art\" >S\u00e3o Paulo Museum of Art<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2007\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Elizabeth_II\" >Elizabeth II<\/a> becomes the oldest monarch of the United Kingdom, surpassing <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Queen_Victoria\" >Queen Victoria<\/a>, who lived for 81 years, 7 months and 29 days.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1999\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Macau\" >Macau<\/a> is <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Transfer_of_sovereignty_over_Macau\" >handed over<\/a> to China by Portugal.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1996\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/NeXT\" >NeXT<\/a> merges with <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Apple_Inc.\" >Apple Computer<\/a>, starting the path to <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/OS_X\" >Mac OS X<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1995\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/NATO\" >NATO<\/a> begins peacekeeping in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina\" >Bosnia<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>War in Bosnia-Herzegovina:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bosnian_War\" >Bosnian War \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1993-2000\/bosnia\" >The War in Bosnia 1992-1995 \u2013 OFFICE of the HISTORIAN \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.onwar.com\/aced\/chrono\/c1900s\/yr90\/fbosnia1992.htm\" >The Bosnian War 1992-1995 \u2013 OnWar.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Bosnian-conflict\" >Bosnian Conflict \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mtholyoke.edu\/%7Ebonne20s\/causes.html\" >Bosnian War 1992-1995 \u2013 MTHOLYOKE.edu<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.u-s-history.com\/pages\/h2071.html\" >US Involvement in Bosnia-Herzegovina \u2013 U-S-History.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/bosnian-genocide\" >BOSNIAN GENOCIDE \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyplace.com\/worldhistory\/genocide\/bosnia.htm\" >Bosnia-Herzegovina 1992-1995 200,000 Deaths \u2013 Genocide in the 20<sup>th<\/sup> Century \u2013 The History Place \u2013 HistoryPlace.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historytoday.com\/nick-hawton\/conflicting-truths-bosnian-war\" >Conflicting Truths: The Bosnian War, by Nick Hawton \u2013 Volume 59, Issue 8 August 2009 \u2013 HistoryToday.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/familylinks.icrc.org\/bosnia\/en\/Pages\/background-information.aspx\" >Background information: For persons unaccounted for in connection with the conflict on the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina \u2013 ICRC.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/members.tripod.com\/%7Esrbin_iz_srpske\/history.html\" >HISTORY OF REPUBLIC OF SRPSKA \u2013 Tripod.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Bosnian War on the Ground:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/results?search_query=bosnian+war\" >Various YouTube videos on Bosnian War<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=vb6va1KXzHU\" >YouTube video (2 min. 58 sec.):The last scene of <strong><em>Welcome to Sarajevo <\/em><\/strong>\u2013 Albinoni\u2019s Adajo G in minor<\/a>, <strong><em>and<\/em><\/strong> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vedran_Smailovi%C4%87\" >Vedran Smailovi\u0107 \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=dSkyZXANKoI\" >YouTube video (1 h. 37 min. 24 sec.): <strong><em>Dobordodo\u0161li u Sarajevo<\/em><\/strong> (<strong><em>Welcome to Sarajevo<\/em><\/strong>) full movie.<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=jnQ1lTAVjhw\" >YouTube video (1 h. 28 min. 30 sec.): <strong><em>Romeo and Juliet in Sarajevo <\/em><\/strong>\u2013 Documentary film<\/a>, <strong><em>or<\/em><\/strong> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=4WXfR3gOPAQ\" >YouTube video (3 min. 39 sec.): Admira Ismi\u0107 and Bo\u0161ko Briki\u0107<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Timeline of the War in Bosnia-Herzegovina:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/selenasol.com\/selena\/struggle\/bosnia_timeline.html\" >War in Bosnia: Timeline \u2013 Original Timeline appropriated from Kristina Lerman \u2013 Selenasol.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1993-2000\/bosnia\" >The War in Bosnia 1992-1995 \u2013 OFFICE of the HISTORIAN \u2013 US Department of the State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/2008\/07\/21\/us-warcrimes-karadzic-bosnia-idUSL2164446420080721\" >TIMELINE: What happened during the war in Bosnia? \u2013 Mon Jul 21, 2008 \u2013 Reuters.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.findfast.org\/history-and-events-timeline-bosnia.htm\" >Bosnia History Timeline &amp; Facts \u2013 FindFacts.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/wp-srv\/inatl\/longterm\/balkans\/timeline.htm\" >Balkans 1940s to 1999 \u2013 The WashingtonPost \u2013 WashingtonPost.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Bosnia-Herzegovina:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/geos\/bk.html\" >BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA \u2013 CIA WORLD FACTBOOK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.un.org\/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=Bosnia%20and%20Herzegovina\" >Bosnia and Herzegovina \u2013 UN Data<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nationsonline.org\/oneworld\/bosnia_herzegovina.htm\" >Bosnia-Herzegovina \u2013 NationsOnline.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/bosnia-and-herzegovina.html\" >Bosnia-Herzegovina \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.factmonster.com\/country\/bosnia-and-herzegovina.html\" >Bosnia and Herzegovina \u2013 FactMonster.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-europe-17211415\" >Bosnia-Herzegovina country profile \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Foreign Relations of Bosnia-Herzegovina:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina\" >Foreign relations of Bosnia and Herzegovina \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cfr.org\/region\/bosnia-and-herzegovina\/ri269\" >Bosnia and Herzegovina \u2013 Council on Foreign Relations \u2013 CFR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mfa.gov.tr\/relations-between-turkey-and-bosnia-and-herzegovina.en.mfa\" >Relations between Turkey and Bosnia and Herzegovina \u2013 Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Turkey \u2013 MFA.gov.tr<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of Bosnia-Herzegovina:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina\" >History of Bosnia-Herzegovina \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/bosnia-herzegovina-history.html\" >Bosnia and Herzegovina \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.safaritheglobe.com\/bosnia-and-herzegovina\/history\/\" >History of Bosnia-Herzegovina \u2013 SafariTheGlobe.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldtravelguide.net\/bosnia-and-herzegovina\/history-language-culture\" >Bosnia and Herzegovina History, Language and Culture \u2013 WorldTravelGuide.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_%281941%E2%80%9345%29\" >History of Bosnia-Herzegovina (1941-45) \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/bosnia.org.uk\/bosnia\/history.cfm\" >About Bosnia \u2013 History \u2013 Bosnian Institute \u2013 Bosnia.org.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/visit-bosniaherzegovina.com\/History.aspx\" >History \u2013 Visit-BosniaHerzegovina.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/marvaoguide.com\/index.php\/Bosnia-and-Herzegovina\/Brief-History-of-Bosnia-and-Herzegovina.html\" >Brief History of Bosnia and Herzegovina \u2013 MarvaoGuide.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/vjw\/bosnia.html\" >Bosnia &amp; Herzegovina \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jews_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina\" >Jews of Bosnia and Herzegovina \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Serbs_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina\" >Serbs of Bosnia-Herzegovina \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldatlas.com\/webimage\/countrys\/europe\/bosniaandherzegovina\/batimeln.htm\" >Bosnia And Herzegovina History Timeline \u2013 WorldAtlas.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Economy of Bosnia-Herzegovina:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina\" >Economy of Bosnia-Herzegovina \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/country\/bosniaandherzegovina\" >Bosnia-Herzegovina \u2013 THE WORLD BANK<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/bosnia-and-herzegovina\" >Bosnia-Herzegovina \u2013 Data \u2013 THE WORLD BANK<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/bosniaherzegovina\" >Bosnia and Herzegovina \u2013 THE HERITAGE FOUNDATION<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/bosnia-herzegovina-economy.html\" >Bosnia-Herzegovina \u2013 Economy \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tradingeconomics.com\/bosnia-and-herzegovina\/gdp\" >Bosnia-Herzegovina \u2013 GDP \u2013 TradingEconomics.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>NATO in Bosnia:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/NATO_intervention_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina\" >NATO intervention in Bosnia and Herzegovina \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Implementation_Force\" >Implementation Force \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nato.int\/cps\/en\/natolive\/topics_52122.htm\" >Peace support operations in Bosnia and Herzegovina \u2013 nato.int<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nato.int\/cps\/en\/natohq\/topics_49127.htm\" >Relations with Bosnia and Herzegovina \u2013 nato.int<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=PW4KU4FQ8qo\" >YouTube video (9 min. 52 sec.): NATO Intervention in Bosnia (1995)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>NATO (Overview):<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nato.int\/\" >NATO \u2013 Official Site<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/useconomy.about.com\/od\/internationalorganizations\/p\/NATO.htm\" >What Is NATO? \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/north-atlantic-treaty-organization.html\" >North Atlantic Treaty Organization \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/europeanhistory.about.com\/od\/twentiethcentury\/p\/prnato.htm\" >NATO \u2013 Background \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cfr.org\/nato\/north-atlantic-treaty-organization-nato\/p28287\" >The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) \u2013 Council on Foreign Relations \u2013 CFR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Member_states_of_NATO\" >Member states of NATO \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of NATO:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nato.int\/history\/\" >A short history of NATO \u2013 NATO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/cold-war\/formation-of-nato-and-warsaw-pact\" >FORMATION OF NATO AND WASAW PACT \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1945-1952\/nato\" >North Atlantic Treaty Organization (1949) \u2013 Office of the HISTORIANS \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.navalhistory.org\/2012\/04\/04\/the-establishment-of-nato\" >The Establishment of NATO \u2013 Naval History Blog<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/members.tripod.com\/more_tra\/1e_nato_txt.htm\" >NATO: History of NATO: Information about NAOT \u2013 Tripod.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/2008\/03\/31\/us-nato-summit-history-idUSL3151283520080331\" >Timeline of key events in NATO\u2019s 59 years of history \u2013 Monday, March 31, 2008 \u2013 Reuters.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Problems of NATO:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalissues.org\/article\/125\/the-need-for-nato\" >The Need for NATO \u2013 GlobalIssues.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cfr.org\/world\/issues-facing-nato-its-60th-birthday\/p18637\" >Interview: Issues NATO Facing On Its 60<sup>th<\/sup> Birthday \u2013 Council on Foreign Relations \u2013 Interviewee: F. Stephen Larrabee, Distinguished Chair in European Security, RAND Corporation; Interviewer: Bernard Gwertzman, Consulting Editor, CFR.org \u2013 February 26, 2009 \u2013 CFR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bu.edu\/globalbeat\/nato\/GIU031599.html\" >NATO Expansion and the Problem of a NATO Strategy \u2013 Global Intelligence Update, Red Alert, March 15, 1999<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/object.cato.org\/sites\/cato.org\/files\/serials\/files\/cato-handbook-policymakers\/2001\/9\/hb107-52.pdf\" >Problems with the new NATO \u2013 CATO.Org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nato.usmission.gov\/issues\/our_issues.html\" >OPERATIONS AND ISSUES \u2013 UNITED STATES MISSION TO NATO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fpif.org\/the_costs_and_dangers_of_nato_expansion\/\" >The Costs and Danger of NATO Expansion \u2013 FPIF.Org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nbcnews.com\/news\/world\/world-against-russia-can-nato-solve-putin-problem-n195106\" >World Against Russia: Can NATO Solve the Putin Problem? \u2013 NBCNews.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.democratichub.com\/nato.aspx?o=pv\" >NATO \u2013 DemocraticHub.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.foreignaffairs.com\/articles\/1952-10-01\/natos-growing-pains\" >Nato\u2019s Growing Pains, by Charles M. Spofford \u2013 October 1952 Issue \u2013 Council on Foreign Relations \u2013 CFR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/papers.ssrn.com\/sol3\/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1784206\" >Military-Political Strategy of NATO and Security Issues in the Middle East \u2013 March 12, 2011 \u2013 Social Science Research Network<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/sites.tufts.edu\/jha\/archives\/103\" >\u201c<em>To cite but one example, NATO air support for UN troops in Bosnia took place under the general authorisation by security council resolutions and under the case-to-case authorisation provided for by the dual-key command structure where both UN and NATO officials had to agree on particular air raids<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 The Politics of Humanitarian Intervention \u2013 The Journal of Humanitarian Assistance<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/world\/national-security\/united-states-to-nato-ditch-the-cold-war-playbook\/2015\/06\/21\/57f4a93c-5c96-47af-9b59-817c05a0b597_story.html\" >United States to NATO: Ditch the \u2018Cold War playbook\u2019 \u2013 The Washington Post<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>The United States and NATO:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.usanato.army.mil\/\" >Connect with our NATO missions \u2013 US ARMY NATO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/photos.state.gov\/libraries\/amgov\/30145\/publications-english\/The%20United%20States%20and%20NATO_150.pdf\" >The United States and NATO \u2013 Embassy of the United States of America \u2013 REGIONAL PARTNERSHIPS<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.counterpunch.org\/2014\/08\/01\/the-united-states-nato-and-the-destruction-of-libya\/\" >The United States, NATO and the Destruction of Libya, by Horace G. Campbell \u2013 August 1, 2014 \u2013 CounterPunch.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/roomfordebate\/2013\/04\/23\/has-nato-outlived-its-usefulness\/time-for-the-united-states-to-leave-nato\" >Time for the United States to Leave NATO, by Andrew J. Bacevich \u2013 September 16, 2013 \u2013 The New York Times<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.travel.state.gov\/content\/visas\/english\/other\/employee-of-international-organization-nato\/renewing-a-g-nato-visas-in-u-s.html\" >Renewing A, G, and NATO visas in the United States \u2013 US Visas<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cbo.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/cbofiles\/ftpdocs\/113xx\/doc11338\/1981_04_nato.pdf\" >COSTS AND BENEFITS TO THE UNITED STATES OF THE NATO INFRASTRUCTURE PROBLEM<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mapquest.com\/maps?cat=nato%20base\" >NATO Bases in the United States \u2013 MapQuest.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1989\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States_invasion_of_Panama\" >United States invasion of Panama<\/a>: The United States sends troops into <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Panama\" >Panama<\/a> to overthrow government of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Manuel_Noriega\" >Manuel Noriega<\/a>. This is also the first combat use of purpose-designed <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Stealth_aircraft\" >stealth aircraft<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>19<\/strong><strong>88\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Nations_Convention_Against_Illicit_Traffic_in_Narcotic_Drugs_and_Psychotropic_Substances\" >United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances<\/a> is signed in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vienna\" >Vienna<\/a>, Austria.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>UN Convention against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances of 1988:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Text of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.unodc.org\/pdf\/convention_1988_en.pdf\" >United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances of 1988 \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li>The texts of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.unodc.org\/unodc\/en\/commissions\/CND\/conventions.html\" >three main international drug control conventions: the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs of 1961 as amended by the 1972 Protocol, the Convention on Psychotropic Substances of 1971 and the <em><strong>United Nations Convention against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances of 1988<\/strong><\/em> are now available as an e-book for download. \u2013 International Drug Control Conventions \u2013 UNODC.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/treaties.un.org\/Pages\/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&amp;mtdsg_no=VI-19&amp;chapter=6&amp;lang=en\" >Status of treaty adherence \u2013 United Nations Convention against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances, 1988 \u2013 UNODC.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.unawestminster.org.uk\/pdf\/drugs\/UNdrugsBewley_Taylor_IJDP14.pdf\" >Challenging the UN drug control conventions: problems and possibilities, by David R. Bewley-Taylor \u2013 International Journal of Drug Policy 14 (2003) \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.parl.gc.ca\/content\/sen\/committee\/371\/ille\/library\/history-e.htm\" >THE HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE LEADING INTERNATIONAL DRUG CONTROL CONVENTIONS, by Jay Sinha \u2013 21 February 2001 \u2013 LIBRARY OF PARLIAMENT \u2013 PARLIAMENT of CANADA \u2013 Parl.gc.ca<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1987\u00a0 <\/strong>In the worst peacetime sea disaster, the passenger ferry <em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/MV_Do%C3%B1a_Paz\" >Do\u00f1a Paz<\/a><\/em> sinks after colliding with the oil tanker <em>Vector<\/em> in the Tablas Strait in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Philippines\" >Philippines<\/a>, killing an estimated 4,000 people (1,749 official).<\/p>\n<p><strong>1985\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pope_John_Paul_II\" >Pope John Paul II<\/a> announces the institution of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_Youth_Day\" >World Youth Day<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1984<\/strong><strong>\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-united-states-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >US performs nuclear test<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.onlinenevada.org\/articles\/nevada-test-site-overview\" >(underground)<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nevada_Test_Site\" >Nevada Test Site<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>US Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_United_States\" >List of the nuclear weapons tests of the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nuclear_weapons_and_the_United_States\" >Nuclear Weapons and the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.atomcentral.com\/the-cold-war.aspx\" >The Cold War \u2013 AtomCentral.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Nuclear Weapons and the United States:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nuclear_weapons_and_the_United_States\" >Nuclear Weapons and the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/us\/2014\/231697.htm\" >Nuclear Weapons Testing: History, Progress, Challenges: Verifications and Entry into Force of the CTBT \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/avc\/rls\/202015.htm\" >US Nuclear Weapons Stockpile Life Extension Programs \u2013 January 3, 2013 \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/research\/articles\/2014\/04\/28-50-nuclear-facts\" >50 Facts About US Nuclear Weapons Today \u2013 April 28, 2014 \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/research\/lecture\/2012\/08\/the-future-of-the-us-nuclear-triad\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Program, by Michaela Dodge \u2013 The Heritage Foundation<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.armscontrol.org\/act\/1997_05\/nas\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Policy \u2013 Arms Control Association<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252183576_The_Future_of_the_U.S._Nuclear_Weapons_Program\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Program, by Linton F. Brooks \u2013 ResearchGate.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/us\/2014\/233254.htm\" >US Nuclear Weapons Policy in the 21<sup>st<\/sup> Century \u2013 Rose Gottemoeller, Under Secretary\u00a0for Arms Control and International Security, \u00a0Dixie State University, St. George, Utah \u2013 October 21, 2014 \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Nevada Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fas.org\/nuke\/guide\/usa\/facility\/nts.htm\" >NEVADA TEST SITE \u2013 FAS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/wmd\/facility\/nts.htm\" >NEVADA TEST SITE \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.onlinenevada.org\/articles\/nevada-test-site-overview\" >Nevada Test Site Overview \u2013 OnlineNevada.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/about\/projects\/archive\/nucweapons\/nts\" >Nuclear testing at the Nevada Test Site \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/toxipedia.org\/display\/wanmec\/Nevada+Test+Site\" >Nevada Test Site \u2013 Toxipedia.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/digital.library.unlv.edu\/ntsohp\/\" >Nevada Test Site \u2013 Oral History Project<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/archure.net\/liberty\/nukenevada.html\" >NUKE TESTING in NEVADA \u2013 Archure.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nv.doe.gov\/library\/publications\/Environmental\/DOENV_11718_594.pdf\" >ECOLOGY OF THE NEVADA TEST SITE: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nevadatestsite.info\/\" >Nevada Test Site Workers Exposed to Radiation \u2013 National Cancer Benefits Center \u2013 NevadaTestSite.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/about\/projects\/archive\/nucweapons\/50\" >50 Facts About the US Nuclear Weapons \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Usa\/Tests\/\" >Gallery of US Nuclear Tests \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.acq.osd.mil\/ncbdp\/nm\/nm_book_5_11\/index.htm\" >The Nuclear Matters Handbook<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Ecological and Health Issues in and around the Nevada Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/cdclv.unlv.edu\/healthnv\/environment.html\" >Environment and the Quality of Life in Nevada \u2013 UNLV.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nv.doe.gov\/library\/publications\/Environmental\/DOENV_11718_594.pdf\" ><em>ECONLGOY OF THE NEVADA TEST SITE: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY WITH NARRATIVE SUMMARY, KEY WORD INDEX, AND SPECIES LISTS<\/em> \u2013 DOE\/NEV\/11718-594<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.osti.gov\/scitech\/biblio\/6458066\" ><em>Nevada Applied Ecology Information Center: a review of technical information support provided to the Nevada Applied Ecology Group<\/em><em> \u2013<\/em> Sci-Tech Connect<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/ecologycenter.org\/terrainmagazine\/summer-2002\/sovereignty-at-shoshone-mountain\/\" >\u201c<em>Between 1951 and 1992, the United States bombed its own soil with nuclear weapons \u2014 945 times. All but 17 of those explosions took place on a stretch of basin-and-range desert northwest of Las Vegas called the Nevada Test Site (NTS),\u2026<\/em>\u201d \u2013 Sovereignty at Shoshone Mountain \u2013 EcologyCenter.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.princeton.edu\/%7Eota\/disk1\/1989\/8909\/8909.PDF\" ><em>The Containment of Underground Nuclear Explosions<\/em> \u2013 Princeton.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nevadatestsite.info\/\" >Nevada Test Site Workers Exposed to Radiation \u2013 National Cancer Benefits Center<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1977\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Djibouti\" >Djibouti<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vietnam\" >Vietnam<\/a> join the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Nations\" >United Nations<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Djibouti:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/geos\/dj.html\" >DJIBOUTI \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.un.org\/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=Djibouti\" >Djibouti\u2013 UN Data<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/djibouti.html\" >Djibouti \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Djibouti\" >Djibouti \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Foreign Relations of Djibouti:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_Djibouti\" >Foreign relations of Djibouti \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/military\/world\/djibouti\/forrel.htm\" >Djibouti \u2013 Foreign Relations \u2013 GlobalSecuirty.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/r\/pa\/ei\/bgn\/5482.htm\" >US Relations With Djibouti \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Djibouti and the United Nations:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.un.int\/djibouti\/malaysia\/\" >Permanent Mission of the Republic of Djibouti to the United Nations<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.unog.ch\/unog\/website\/missions.nsf\/%28httpPermanentMissions_en%29\/755485F808B2B853C1257206007E5C8C?OpenDocument\" >Permanent Mission of Djibouti to the United Nations Office and other international organizations in Geneva<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of Djibouti:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Djibouti\" >History of Djibouti \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/africanhistory.about.com\/od\/djibouti\/p\/DjiboutiHist1.htm\" >A Brief History of Djibouti \u2013 Part 1 \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/africanhistory.about.com\/od\/djibouti\/\" >Djibouti \u2013 Articles on Country History \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldrover.com\/history\/djibouti_history.html\" >Djibouti History \u2013 WorldRover.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mapsofworld.com\/djibouti\/history\/\" >Djibouti History \u2013 MapsOfWorld.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/djibouti\/history\" >Djibouti \u2013 History \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Economy of Djibouti:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_Djibouti\" >Economy of Djibouti \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/djibouti-country-africa-economy.html\" >Djibouti \u2013 Economy \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/country\/djibouti\" >Djibouti \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/djibouti\" >Djibouti \u2013 Data \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/djibouti\" >Djibouti \u2013 Index \u2013 THE HERITAGE FOUNDATION<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Vietnam:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/geos\/vm.html\" >VIETNAM \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.un.org\/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=Viet%20Nam\" >Viet Nam \u2013 UN Data<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/vietnam.html\" >Vietnam \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Vietnam\" >Vietnam \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Foreign Relations of Vietnam:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_Vietnam\" >Foreign relations of Vietnam \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mofa.gov.vn\/en\" >Ministry of Foreign Affairs Vietnam<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/military\/world\/vietnam\/forrel.htm\" >Vietnam \u2013 Foreign Relations \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cfr.org\/region\/vietnam\/ri261\" >Vietnam \u2013 Council of Foreign Relations \u2013 CFR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/r\/pa\/ei\/bgn\/4130.htm\" >US Relations With Vietnam \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Vietnam and the United Nations:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.vietnam-un.org\/en\/index.php\" >Permanent Mission of the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam to the United Nations<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.unog.ch\/unog\/website\/missions.nsf\/%28httpPermanentMissions_en%29\/FB55BEFCACCD1534C1256F4100452094?OpenDocument\" >Permanent Mission of the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam to the United Nations Office and other international organizations in Geneva<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of Vietnam:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Vietnam\" >History of Vietnam \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/history-of-Vietnam\" >History of Vietnam \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/vietnam\/history\" >Vietnam \u2013 History \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/asia.isp.msu.edu\/wbwoa\/southeast_asia\/vietnam\/history.htm\" >Vietnam History \u2013 MSU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.vietnam-culture.com\/zones-25-1\/Vietnam-History.aspx\" >Vietnam History \u2013 Vietnam-Culture.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.terragalleria.com\/vietnam\/info\/timeline.html\" >Timeline of Vietnam History, by Quang-Tuang Loung \u2013 TerraGalleria.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Economy of Vietnam:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_Vietnam\" >Economy of Vietnam \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/vietnam-economy.html\" >Vietnam \u2013 Economy \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/country\/vietnam\" >VIETNAM \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/vietnam\" >Vietnam \u2013 Data \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/vietnam\" >Vietnam \u2013 Index \u2013 THE HERITAGE FOUNDATION<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.adb.org\/countries\/viet-nam\/economy\" >Vietnam: Economy \u2013 ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK \u2013 ADB.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1973\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Prime_Minister_of_Spain\" >Prime Minister of Spain<\/a>, Admiral <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Luis_Carrero_Blanco\" >Luis Carrero Blanco<\/a>, is assassinated by a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Car_bomb\" >car bomb<\/a> attack in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Madrid\" >Madrid<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1971\u00a0 <\/strong>The international aid organization <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/M%C3%A9decins_Sans_Fronti%C3%A8res\" >Doctors Without Borders<\/a> is founded by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bernard_Kouchner\" >Bernard Kouchner<\/a> and a group of journalists in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Paris\" >Paris<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/France\" >France<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>M\u00e9decins Sans Fronti\u00e8res (Doctors Without Borders):<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.msf.org\/\" >M\u00e9decins Sans Fronti\u00e8res (Doctors Without Borders) \u2013 MSF.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.msf.org\/msf-history\" >\u201c<em>M\u00e9decins Sans Fronti\u00e8res (MSF) was founded in 1971 in France by a group of doctors and journalists in the wake of war and famine in Biafra. Their aim was to establish an independent organisation that focuses on delivering emergency medicine aid quickly, effectively and impartially<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 MSF History \u2013 MSF.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nobelprize.org\/nobel_prizes\/peace\/laureates\/1999\/msf-lecture.html\" >Nobel Lecture by James Orbinski, M\u00e9decins Sans Fronti\u00e8res, Oslo, December 10, 1999 \u2013 NobelPrize.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/global-development\/2011\/nov\/20\/medecins-sans-frontieres-book\" >\u201c<em>MSF\u2019s collection of essays, Humanitarian Negotiations Revealed, has provided the most detailed and self-critical inside account of the deals aid agencies are forced to negotiate, often with groups and regimes which abuse human rights, to continue their work<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 M\u00e9decins sans Fronti\u00e8res book reveals aid agencies\u2019 ugly compromises \u2013 November 20, 2011 \u2013 TheGuardian.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1966\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-united-states-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >US performs nuclear test<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nevada_Test_Site\" >Nevada Test Site<\/a>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>For some more pertinent information, see<\/em> \u201c<strong>1984 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-united-states-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >US performs nuclear test<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nevada_Test_Site\" >Nevada Test Site<\/a>\u201d, <em>mentioned above.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1960\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Viet_Cong\" >National Front for the Liberation of Vietnam<\/a> is formed.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1957\u00a0 <\/strong>The initial production version of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Boeing_707\" >Boeing 707<\/a> makes its first flight.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1941\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_II\" >World War II<\/a>: First battle of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/American_Volunteer_Group\" >American Volunteer Group<\/a>, better known as the \u201c<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Flying_Tigers\" >Flying Tigers<\/a>\u201d in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kunming\" >Kunming<\/a>, China.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1924<\/strong><strong>\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Adolf_Hitler\" >Adolf Hitler<\/a> is released from <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Landsberg_Prison\" >Landsberg Prison<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Adolf Hitler Released from Prison:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rarenewspapers.com\/view\/589992\" >December 20, 1924: THE NEW YORK TIMES, December 20, 1924 \u2013 <strong>* Adolf Hitler released from prison (1st report)<\/strong> \u2013 RareNewspapers.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.thejc.com\/news\/on-day\/42723\/on-day-hitler-released-prison\" >ON THIS DAY: Hitler released from prison \u2013 December 20, 1924, by Jennifer Lipman \u2013 TheJC.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/europe\/germany\/6617804\/Adolf-Hitler-is-German-Mussolini-warns-1924-French-document.html\" >Adolf Hitler is \u2018German Mussolini\u2019 warns 1924 French document \u2013 20 Nov 2009 \u2013 The Telegraph \u2013 Telegraph.co.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historylearningsite.co.uk\/modern-world-history-1918-to-1980\/weimar-germany\/adolf-hitler-1918-to-1924\/\" >Adolf Hitler 1918 to 1924 \u2013 HistoryLearningSite.co.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/spartacus-educational.com\/GERhitler2.htm\" >Adolf Hitler: 1924-1932 \u2013 Spartacus-Educational \u2013 Spartucus-Educational.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/hitler-sent-to-landsberg-jail\" >APR 1 1924: THIS DAY IN HISTORY: Hitler sent to Landsberg jail \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Adolf Hitler:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Adolf_Hitler\" >Adolf Hitler \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyplace.com\/worldwar2\/riseofhitler\/\" >The Rise of Adolf Hitler \u2013 The History Place \u2013 historyplace.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/world-war-ii\/adolf-hitler\" >ADOLF HITLER \u2013 history.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.biography.com\/people\/adolf-hitler-9340144\" >Adolf Hitler \u2013 Biography.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/history1900s.about.com\/cs\/hitleradolf\/p\/hitler.htm\" >Adolf Hitler, by Jennifer Rosenberg \u2013 about.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/history1900s.about.com\/od\/hitleradolf\/a\/Hitler-Facts.htm\" >Hitler Facts, by Jennifer Rosenberg \u2013 About education \u2013 about.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/Holocaust\/hitler.html\" >Adolf Hitler \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.hitler.org\/\" >Hitler Historical Museum \u2013 hitler.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.adolfhitler.dk\/\" >ADOLF HITLER \u2013 adolfhitler.dk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/spartacus-educational.com\/GERhitler.htm\" >Adolf Hitler \u2013 Spartacus-educational.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.imdb.com\/name\/nm0386944\/bio\" >Adolf Hitler Biography \u2013 imdb.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.encyclopedia.com\/topic\/Adolf_Hitler.aspx\" >Adolf Hitler \u2013 encyclopedia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.newworldencyclopedia.org\/entry\/Adolf_Hitler\" >Adolf Hitler \u2013 newencyclopedia.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.who2.com\/bio\/adolf-hitler\/\" >Adolf Hitler Biography \u2013 who2.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/search\/?q=adolf+hitler\" >Articles on Adolf Hitler \u2013 TMS Search<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Death_of_Adolf_Hitler\" >Death of Adolf Hitler \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.com\/s\/ref=nb_sb_ss_i_1_7?url=search-alias%3Dstripbooks&amp;field-keywords=adolf+hitler&amp;sprefix=adolf+h%2Cstripbooks%2C285&amp;rh=n%3A283155%2Ck%3Aadolf+hitler\" >Books related to Adolf Hitler \u2013 Amazon.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of Nazi Germany:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.123helpme.com\/view.asp?id=22684\" >History of Nazi Germany \u2013 World War II History \u2013 123HelpMe.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/alphahistory.com\/nazigermany\/the-origins-of-nazism\/\" >THE ORIGINS OF NAZISM \u2013 alphahistory.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/spartacus-educational.com\/GERnazigermany.htm\" >Nazi Germany \u2013 Spartacus-educational.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/Holocaust\/naziregime.html\" >Nazi Regime in Germany \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/history.co.uk\/study-topics\/history-of-ww2\/nazi-germany\" >Nazi Germany \u2013 history.co.uk<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/hiddenhistoryhumanity.com\/German\/7%20NaziGermanyEsotericHistory.html\" >Nazi Germany \u2013 An Austro-Historical Analysis \u2013 hiddenhistoryhumanity.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.smithsonianmag.com\/history\/revisiting-the-rise-and-fall-of-the-third-reich-20231221\/?no-ist\" >The Revisiting The Rise and the Fall of the Third Reich \u2013 smithsonianmag.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/world-war-ii\/ss\" >THE SS \u2013 history.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/aaregistry.org\/historic_events\/view\/black-history-nazi-germany-brief-story\" >BLACK HISTORY IN NAZI GERMANY, A BRIEF HISTORY \u2013 aaregistry.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyonthenet.com\/Chronology\/timelinenazigermany.htm\" >Nazi Germany Timeline \u2013 historyonthenet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/world-war-ii\/nazi-party\" >NAZI PARTY \u2013 history.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nazi_Germany#History\" >History \u2013 <strong>Nazi Germany<\/strong> \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historylearningsite.co.uk\/modern-world-history-1918-to-1980\/nazi-germany\/\" >Nazi Germany \u2013 historylearningsite.co.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.yadvashem.org\/yv\/en\/holocaust\/about\/01\/persecution.asp#%21prettyPhoto\" >Nazi Germany and the Jews 1933-1939 \u2013 Rise of the Nazis and Beginning of Persecution \u2013 Yadvashem.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1917\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cheka\" >Cheka<\/a>, the first <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soviet_Union\" >Soviet<\/a> secret police force, is founded.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1915\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_I\" >World War I<\/a>: The last Australian troops are evacuated from <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gallipoli_Campaign\" >Gallipoli<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1522\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Siege_of_Rhodes_%281522%29\" >Siege of Rhodes<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Suleiman_the_Magnificent\" >Suleiman the Magnificent<\/a> accepts the surrender of the surviving <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Knights_Hospitaller\" >Knights of Rhodes<\/a>, who are allowed to evacuate. They eventually settle on <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Malta\" >Malta<\/a> and become known as the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Knights_Hospitaller\" >Knights of Malta<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>DECEMBER 21<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>200<\/strong><strong>4\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Iraq_War\" >Iraq War<\/a>: A <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Suicide_attack\" >suicide bomber<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2004_Forward_Operating_Base_Marez_bombing\" >killed 22<\/a> at the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Forward_operating_base\" >forward operating base<\/a> next to the main US military airfield at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mosul\" >Mosul<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Iraq\" >Iraq<\/a>, the single deadliest suicide attack on American soldiers.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Timelines of the Iraq War:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_Iraq_War\" >Timeline of the Iraq War \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thinkprogress.org\/report\/iraq-timeline\/\" >A TIMELINE OF THE IRAQ WAR \u2013 ThinkProgress.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cfr.org\/iraq\/timeline-iraq-war\/p18876\" >The Iraq War: 2003-2011 \u2013 Council on Foreign Relations \u2013 CFR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/content.time.com\/time\/specials\/packages\/0,28757,1967340,00.html\" >Seven Years in Iraq: An Iraq War Timeline \u2013 TIME.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-14546763\" >Iraq profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1999\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Civil_Guard_%28Spain%29\" >Spanish Civil Guard<\/a> intercepts a van loaded with 950\u00a0kg of explosives that <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ETA_%28separatist_group%29\" >ETA<\/a> intended to use to blow up <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Torre_Picasso\" >Torre Picasso<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Madrid\" >Madrid<\/a>, Spain.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1995\u00a0 <\/strong>The city of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bethlehem\" >Bethlehem<\/a> passes from <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Israel\" >Israeli<\/a> to <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Palestinian_National_Authority\" >Palestinian<\/a> control.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1994\u00a0 <\/strong>Mexican volcano <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Popocat%C3%A9petl\" >Popocat\u00e9petl<\/a>, dormant for 47 years, erupts gases and ash.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1992\u00a0 <\/strong>A <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Netherlands\" >Dutch<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/McDonnell_Douglas_DC-10\" >DC-10<\/a>, flight <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Martinair_Flight_495\" >Martinair MP 495<\/a>, crashes at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Faro_Airport\" >Faro Airport<\/a>, killing 56.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1988\u00a0 <\/strong>A bomb explodes on board <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pan_Am_Flight_103\" >Pan Am Flight 103<\/a> over <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lockerbie\" >Lockerbie<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dumfries_and_Galloway\" >Dumfries and Galloway<\/a>, Scotland, killing 270.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1979<\/strong><strong>\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1979_Soviet_nuclear_tests\" >(underground)<\/a> at Eastern Kazakh\/<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Semipalatinsk_Test_Site\" >Semipalatinsk<\/a> USSR.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>USSR Nuclear Tests in 1979:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1979_Soviet_nuclear_tests\" >1979 Soviet nuclear tests &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>USSR\u2019s Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovwpnprog.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/tests\/USSR-ntestsS.html\" >Database of nuclear tests, USSR\/Russia: overview \u2013 JohnstonArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Effect and\/or Impact of Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/page-3-effects-of-nuclear-weapon-testing-by-the-soviet-union\/\" >Page 3: Effects of Nuclear Weapon Testing by the Soviet Union \u2013 Economic, social, and environmental impacts \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/general-overview-of-theeffects-of-nuclear-testing\/\" >GENERAL OVERVIEW OF THE EFFECTS OF NUCLEAR TESTING \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/slashdot.org\/story\/13\/08\/20\/1738213\/the-secret-effort-to-clean-up-a-former-soviet-nuclear-test-site\" >The Secret Effort To Clean Up a Former Soviet Nuclear Test Site \u2013 Slashdot.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/citeseerx.ist.psu.edu\/viewdoc\/summary?doi=10.1.1.543.8580\" >A Review of Nuclear Testing by the Soviet Union at Novaya, by Vitaly I. Khalturin , Tatyana G. Rautian , Paul G. Richards , and William S. Leith \u2013 CiteSeerX- PSU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Underground Nuclear Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tightflash.org\/all_911\/third_truth\/nuclear_demolition_basic\/USGSOFR01312.pdf\" >The Containment of Soviet Underground Nuclear Explosions, by Vitaly V. Adshkin, and William Leith \u2013 OPEN FILE REPROT 01-312, September 2001 \u2013 US DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/srl.geoscienceworld.org\/content\/86\/2A\/451.full.pdf\" >Political Seismology or Seismological Politics: Natural Resources Defense Council \u2013 USSR Experiments in Underground Nuclear Test Verification, by Anna Amramina<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2013\/02\/11\/world\/asia\/north-korea-underground-explosion-explainer\/index.html\" >What happens with an underground nuclear test? , by Kevin Voigt \u2013 February 19, 2013 \u2013 CNN<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nnsa.energy.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/nv_sweis\/environmentalimpact\/v2\/Appendix%20H.pdf\" >APPENDIX H \u2013 UNDERGROUND NUCLEAR TESTING<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/gajitz.com\/buried-history-underground-nuclear-weapons-tests\/\" >Buried History: Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 GAJITZ.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theblogbelow.com\/2008\/07\/underground-nuclear-test.html\" >Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 TheBlogBelow.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ldeo.columbia.edu\/res\/pi\/Monitoring\/Arch\/BRV_arch_exp.html\" >Borovoye Archive Data from Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 Columbia.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/of\/1993\/0501\/report.pdf\" >Physical Environment of the Underground Nuclear Test Site on Novaya Zemlya, Russia, by John R. Matzko \u2013 Open-File Report 93-501- Reston, Virginia \u2013 1993 \u2013 THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOGRAPHICAL SURVEY<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.boston.com\/bigpicture\/2009\/11\/kazakhstans_radioactive_legacy.html\" >Kazakhstan\u2019s radioactive legacy \u2013 Boston.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/wn.com\/semipalatinsk_test_site\" >\u201cMy home: nuclear base Semipalatinsk \u2013 21\u201d, Episode 02 \u201cMain Testing Field\u201d (Video: 3 min. 14 sec.) \u2013 WN.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/soviet_nuclear_testing_semipalatinsk_20th_anniversary\/24311518.html\" >Slow Death In Kazakhstan\u2019s Land Of Nuclear Tests \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/carlwillis.wordpress.com\/2012\/08\/13\/visit-to-the-semipalatinsk-nuclear-test-site\/\" >Visit to the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 SPEICAL NUCLEAR MATERIAL<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www-ns.iaea.org\/appraisals\/semipalatinsk.asp\" >The Semipalatinsk Test Site, Kazakhstan \u2013 IAEA.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nti.org\/facilities\/732\/\" >Semipalatinsk Test Site \u2013 NTI.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/io9.com\/5988266\/the-tragic-story-of-the-semipalatinsk-nuclear-test-site\" >The Tragic Story of the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site, by Vincze Mikl\u00f3s \u2013 io9.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/Sixty_Years_After_First_Soviet_Nuclear_Test_Legacy_Of_Misery_Lives_On\/1809712.html\" >60 Years After First Soviet Nuclear Test, Legacy Of Misery Lives On In Kazakhstan \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty \u2013 Monday, August 10, 2015 \u2013 RFERL.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/2\/hi\/8236431.stm\" >Soviet nuclear tests leave Kazakh fallout \u2013 Sunday, 6 September 2009 \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/wp-dyn\/content\/story\/2010\/02\/24\/ST2010022403314.html?sid=ST2010022403314\" >In Kazakhstan, the race for uranium goes nuclear, by Philip P. Pan \u2013 Thursday, February 25, 2005 \u2013 The Washington Post<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclearno.com\/text.asp?17456\" >Secrets of Semipalatinsk: How nuclear theft was averted in Central Asia \u2013 NuclearNo.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/listverse.com\/2012\/05\/15\/top-10-nuclear-test-sites\/\" >Top 10 Nuclear Test Sites, Michael Affleck, May 15, 2012 \u2013 Our World \u2013 ListVerse.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Health, and Ecological Issues in Kazakhstan\/Semipalatinsk:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/reference.allrefer.com\/country-guide-study\/kazakhstan\/kazakhstan17.html\" >Kazakstan\/Kazakhstan \u2013 Environmental Problems \u2013 Reference.AllRefer.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclear-risks.org\/fileadmin\/user_upload\/pdfs\/HBWW_EN\/Semipalatinsk_EN_web.pdf\" >\u201cIn Semipalatinsk, the local population was exposed to high levels of radioactivity from nuclear weapon tests for several decades\u2026\u201d \u2013 Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: Nuclear test site \u2013 Nuclear-Risk.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/large.stanford.edu\/courses\/2014\/ph241\/powell2\/docs\/vakulchuk.pdf\" >Semipalatinsk nuclear testing: the humanitarian consequences \u2013 Norwegian Institute of International Affairs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclearfiles.org\/menu\/key-issues\/nuclear-weapons\/issues\/testing\/PDFs\/JC-143920%5B1%5D.pdf\" >Radionuclide Contamination at Kazakhstan\u2019s Semipalatinsk Test Site Implications on Human and Ecological Heath, by T.M. Carlsen, L.E. Peterson, B.A. Ulsh, C.A. Werner, K.L.Purvis, A.C. Sharber<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.irpa.net\/irpa10\/cdrom\/00504.pdf\" >Radiation Exposure on Residents due to Semipalatinsk Nuclear Tests \u2013 IRPA.net<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nukefreetexas.org\/downloads\/plutominum_uranium_semipalatinsk_test_site.pdf\" >Plutonium and Uranium in Human Bones from Areas surrounding the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 NukeFreeTexas.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.csmonitor.com\/World\/Asia-South-Central\/2013\/0828\/Secrets-of-Semipalatinsk-How-nuclear-theft-was-averted-in-Central-Asia\" >\u201cTheir research done on sample villages near the test site found cancer mortality rates 2-1\/2 times greater than those in a control village. The agency says some 356,000 people face radiation risk, with 70 percent of those being descendants of exposed villagers\u2026\u201d \u2013 Secrets of Semipalatinsk: How nuclear theft was averted in Central Asia \u2013 The Christian Science Monitor<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/cajgh.pitt.edu\/ojs\/index.php\/cajgh\/article\/view\/127\/0\" >Studies of Health Effects from Nuclear Testing near the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site Kazakhstan, by Bernd Grosche, Tamara Zhunussova, Kazbek Apsalikov, Ausrele Kesminiene<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.idosi.org\/wasj\/wasj23%285%2913\/19.pdf\" >Information Report on Biological Studies Conducted At the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 IDOSI.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/europepmc.org\/articles\/PMC3866702\" >Mortality from Cardiovascular Disease in the Semipalatinsk Historical Cohort, 1960 \u2013 1999, and its Relationship to Radiation Exposure \u2013 Europe PubMed Central<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1979\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lancaster_House_Agreement\" >Lancaster House Agreement<\/a>: An independence agreement for <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rhodesia\" >Rhodesia<\/a> is signed in London by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Peter_Carington,_6th_Baron_Carrington\" >Lord Peter Carrington<\/a>, Sir <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ian_Gilmour,_Baron_Gilmour_of_Craigmillar\" >Ian Gilmour<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Robert_Mugabe\" >Robert Mugabe<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Joshua_Nkomo\" >Joshua Nkomo<\/a>, Bishop <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Abel_Muzorewa\" >Abel Muzorewa<\/a> and S.C. Mundawarara.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Lancaster House Agreement:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Text of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.zimlii.org\/files\/Zimbabwe_1_Lancaster_House_Agreement_0.pdf\" >Lancaster House Agreement, 21 December 1979 \u2013 ZMLII.org \u2013 pdf<\/a>, <em><strong>or<\/strong><\/em> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rhodesia.nl\/lanc1.html\" >the same text on this site: Rhodesia.nl<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/theotherafrika.com\/2015\/03\/10\/president-mugabe-the-ruling-zanu-pf-and-zimbabwe-remain-short-changed\/\" >LANCASTER HOUSE AGREEMENT OF 1979 \u2013 President Mugabe, The Ruling ZANU-PF And Zimbabwe Remain Short-changed \u2013 March 10, 2015 \u2013 Afrika: The Other Side of the Coin \u2013 TheOtherAfrika.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2002\/jan\/16\/zimbabwe.chrismcgreal\" >The Trail from Lancaster House \u2013 Zimbabwe \u2013 Jan 16, 2002 \u2013 TheGuardian.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/opendocs.ids.ac.uk\/opendocs\/handle\/123456789\/954\" >The Lancaster House Agreement and the post \u2013 independence state in Zimbabwe \u2013 Sibanda, Arnold Elson \u2013 Institute of Development Studies \u2013 IDS.ac.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Josiah_Tongogara\" >Josiah Tongogara \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2002\/jan\/16\/zimbabwe.chrismcgreal\" >The trail from Lancaster House \u2013 Wednesday, 16 January 2002 \u2013 TheGuardian.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of Rhodesia\/Zimbabwe:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zimbabwe\" >History of Zimbabwe \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/history-of-Zimbabwe\" >History of Zimbabwe \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/zimbabwe\/history\" >Zimbabwe \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/zimbabwe-country-africa-history.html\" >Zimbabwe \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/history.howstuffworks.com\/african-history\/history-of-zimbabwe.htm\" >History of Zimbabwe \u2013 HowStuffWorks.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nationsencyclopedia.com\/Africa\/Zimbabwe-HISTORY.html\" >Zimbabwe \u2013 History \u2013 NationsEncyclopedia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bulawayo1872.com\/history\/zimhistory.htm\" >The History of Zimbabwe \u2013 Bulawayo1872.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/sanweb.lib.msu.edu\/DMC\/African%20Journals\/pdfs\/Journal%20of%20the%20University%20of%20Zimbabwe\/vol26n1\/juz026001003.pdf\" >ZIMBABWE: PRE-COLONIAL HISTORY, DEMOGRAPHIC DISASTER AND THE UNIVERSITY, by David Beach \u2013 MSU.edu \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>19<\/strong><strong>76\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-united-states-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >US performs nuclear test<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.onlinenevada.org\/articles\/nevada-test-site-overview\" >(underground)<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nevada_Test_Site\" >Nevada Test Site<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>US Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_United_States\" >List of the nuclear weapons tests of the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nuclear_weapons_and_the_United_States\" >Nuclear Weapons and the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.atomcentral.com\/the-cold-war.aspx\" >The Cold War \u2013 AtomCentral.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Nuclear Weapons and the United States:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nuclear_weapons_and_the_United_States\" >Nuclear Weapons and the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/us\/2014\/231697.htm\" >Nuclear Weapons Testing: History, Progress, Challenges: Verifications and Entry into Force of the CTBT \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/avc\/rls\/202015.htm\" >US Nuclear Weapons Stockpile Life Extension Programs \u2013 January 3, 2013 \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/research\/articles\/2014\/04\/28-50-nuclear-facts\" >50 Facts About US Nuclear Weapons Today \u2013 April 28, 2014 \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/research\/lecture\/2012\/08\/the-future-of-the-us-nuclear-triad\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Program, by Michaela Dodge \u2013 The Heritage Foundation<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.armscontrol.org\/act\/1997_05\/nas\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Policy \u2013 Arms Control Association<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252183576_The_Future_of_the_U.S._Nuclear_Weapons_Program\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Program, by Linton F. Brooks \u2013 ResearchGate.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/us\/2014\/233254.htm\" >US Nuclear Weapons Policy in the 21<sup>st<\/sup> Century \u2013 Rose Gottemoeller, Under Secretary\u00a0for Arms Control and International Security, \u00a0Dixie State University, St. George, Utah \u2013 October 21, 2014 \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Nevada Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fas.org\/nuke\/guide\/usa\/facility\/nts.htm\" >NEVADA TEST SITE \u2013 FAS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/wmd\/facility\/nts.htm\" >NEVADA TEST SITE \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.onlinenevada.org\/articles\/nevada-test-site-overview\" >Nevada Test Site Overview \u2013 OnlineNevada.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/about\/projects\/archive\/nucweapons\/nts\" >Nuclear testing at the Nevada Test Site \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/toxipedia.org\/display\/wanmec\/Nevada+Test+Site\" >Nevada Test Site \u2013 Toxipedia.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/digital.library.unlv.edu\/ntsohp\/\" >Nevada Test Site \u2013 Oral History Project<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/archure.net\/liberty\/nukenevada.html\" >NUKE TESTING in NEVADA \u2013 Archure.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nv.doe.gov\/library\/publications\/Environmental\/DOENV_11718_594.pdf\" >ECOLOGY OF THE NEVADA TEST SITE: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nevadatestsite.info\/\" >Nevada Test Site Workers Exposed to Radiation \u2013 National Cancer Benefits Center \u2013 NevadaTestSite.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/about\/projects\/archive\/nucweapons\/50\" >50 Facts About the US Nuclear Weapons \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Usa\/Tests\/\" >Gallery of US Nuclear Tests \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.acq.osd.mil\/ncbdp\/nm\/nm_book_5_11\/index.htm\" >The Nuclear Matters Handbook<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Ecological and Health Issues in and around the Nevada Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/cdclv.unlv.edu\/healthnv\/environment.html\" >Environment and the Quality of Life in Nevada \u2013 UNLV.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nv.doe.gov\/library\/publications\/Environmental\/DOENV_11718_594.pdf\" ><em>ECONLGOY OF THE NEVADA TEST SITE: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY WITH NARRATIVE SUMMARY, KEY WORD INDEX, AND SPECIES LISTS<\/em> \u2013 DOE\/NEV\/11718-594<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.osti.gov\/scitech\/biblio\/6458066\" ><em>Nevada Applied Ecology Information Center: a review of technical information support provided to the Nevada Applied Ecology Group<\/em><em> \u2013<\/em> Sci-Tech Connect<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/ecologycenter.org\/terrainmagazine\/summer-2002\/sovereignty-at-shoshone-mountain\/\" >\u201c<em>Between 1951 and 1992, the United States bombed its own soil with nuclear weapons \u2014 945 times. All but 17 of those explosions took place on a stretch of basin-and-range desert northwest of Las Vegas called the Nevada Test Site (NTS),\u2026<\/em>\u201d \u2013 Sovereignty at Shoshone Mountain \u2013 EcologyCenter.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.princeton.edu\/%7Eota\/disk1\/1989\/8909\/8909.PDF\" ><em>The Containment of Underground Nuclear Explosions<\/em> \u2013 Princeton.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nevadatestsite.info\/\" >Nevada Test Site Workers Exposed to Radiation \u2013 National Cancer Benefits Center<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1973\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Geneva_Conference_%281973%29\" >Geneva Conference<\/a> on the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Arab%E2%80%93Israeli_conflict\" >Arab\u2013Israeli conflict<\/a> opens.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>UN Security Council Resolutions 338 and 344 of 1973:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Text of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.un.org\/en\/ga\/search\/view_doc.asp?symbol=S\/RES\/338%281973%29\" >UN Security Council Resolution <strong>338<\/strong> (1973) of 22 October 1973 \u2013 <strong>S\/RES\/338 (1973)<\/strong><\/a>, <em><strong>or<\/strong><\/em> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/UN\/unres338.html\" >the same resolution on this website: Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Geneva_Conference_%281973%29\" >\u201c<em>The <\/em><strong><em>Geneva Conference of 1973<\/em><\/strong><em> was an attempt to negotiate a solution to the Arab-Israeli conflict as envisioned in <\/em><strong><em>United Nations Security Council Resolution 338<\/em><\/strong><em> following the called-for cease-fire to end the Yom Kippur War<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Geneva Conference (1973) \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Text of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.un.org\/en\/ga\/search\/view_doc.asp?symbol=S\/RES\/344%281973%29\" >UN Security Council Resolution <strong>344<\/strong> (1973) of 15 December 1973 \u2013 <strong>S\/RES\/344 (1973)<\/strong><\/a>, <em><strong>or<\/strong><\/em> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/UN\/unres344.html\" >the same resolution on this website: Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.palestinefacts.org\/pf_1967to1991_geneva_1973.php\" >\u201c<em>In December 1973, following the cease-fire of the October 1973 Yom Kippur War, the United States and the Soviet Union invited Egypt, Jordan, Syria and Israel to a peace conference in Geneva, Switzerland on the basis of the UN Security Council\u2019s call for a \u201cjust and durable peace\u201d in <\/em><strong><em>Resolution 338<\/em><\/strong><em>. In recognition and support of this effort, the UN Security Council adopted <\/em><strong><em>UN Security Council Resolution 344<\/em><\/strong>.\u201d \u2013 What Happened to the Geneva Peace Conference in 1973? \u2013 PalestineFacts.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Geneva Peace Conference of 1973:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/Peace\/geneva.html\" >The Geneva Peace Conference (December 21, 1973) \u2013 JEWISH VIRTUAL LIBRARY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/knesset.gov.il\/lexicon\/eng\/geneva_eng.htm\" >\u201cThe Geneva Conference was held in December 1973. It was a multinational forum headed by the United States and the Soviet Union, and sponsored by the United Nations, as an attempted summit for peace in the Middle East.\u201d \u2013 Geneva Conference \u2013 Knesset.gov.il<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.encyclopedia.com\/doc\/1G2-3424601059.html\" >Geneva Peace Conference (1973): Conference called by the United Nations after the Arab\u2013Israel War of 1973. \u2013 Encyclopedia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/tvnews.vanderbilt.edu\/program.pl?ID=24206\" >Headline: Geneva Peace Conference \u2013 ABC Evening News for Friday, Dec 21, 1973 \u2013 Vanderbilt.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/israeled.org\/geneva-middle-east-peace-conference\/\" >Geneva Middle East Conference \u2013 December 21, 1973 \u2013 Center for Israel Education \u2013 IsraelEd.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jta.org\/1973\/12\/17\/archive\/security-council-resolution-links-un-to-geneva-peace-conference\" >Security Council Resolution Links UN to Geneva Peace Conference \u2013 December 17, 1973 \u2013 JTA,org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Arab-Israeli Conflict:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/issues\/international-conflicts\/arab-israeli-conflict\" >Arab-Israeli Conflict \u2013 The Heritage Foundation \u2013 Heritage.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.israel-palestina.info\/arab-israeli_conflict-html\/\" >The Arab-Israeli Conflict \u2013 Israel-Palestina.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.com\/news\/arab-israeli-conflict\/\" >Arab-Israel Conflict \u2013 Pertinent Articles \u2013 The Huffington Post \u2013 HuffingtonPost.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyteacher.net\/Arab-Israeli_Conflict.htm\" >Arab-Israeli Conflict \u2013 HistoryTeacher.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.arabisraeliconflict.info\/arab-israel-facts\/10-facts\" >10 Facts About The Arab-Israel Conflict \u2013 ArabIsraelConflict.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.science.co.il\/arab-israeli-conflict.asp\" >Arab-Israeli Conflict: Basic Facts \u2013 Science.co.il<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jpost.com\/Arab-Israeli-Conflict\" >Arab-Israeli Conflict \u2013 The Jerusalem Post \u2013 JPPost.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of Arab-Israeli Conflict:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Arab%E2%80%93Israeli_conflict#History\" >History \u2013 Arab-Israeli conflict \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_the_Arab%E2%80%93Israeli_conflict\" >History of Arab-Israeli conflict \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/usatoday30.usatoday.com\/news\/world\/mideast\/timeline.htm\" >The Arab-Israeli conflict 1947-present \u2013 USAToday.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/mideastweb.org\/briefhistory.htm\" >Israel, Palestine and the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict\u00a0 (Arab-Israeli Conflict)\u00a0 \u2013 A brief history \u2013 Part I \u2013 MidEastWeb.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theblaze.com\/blog\/2014\/07\/25\/the-one-passage-on-the-history-of-the-arab-israeli-conflict-that-the-mainstream-media-will-never-print\/\" >The one passage on the history of the Arab-Israeli conflict that the mainstream media will never print, by Benjamin Weingarten \u2013 Jul.25, 2014 \u2013 The Blaze \u2013 TheBlaze.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1968\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Apollo_program\" >Apollo program<\/a>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Apollo_8\" >Apollo 8<\/a><\/em> is launched from the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kennedy_Space_Center\" >Kennedy Space Center<\/a>, placing its crew on a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moon\" >lunar<\/a> trajectory for the first visit to another celestial body by humans.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1965\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Nations\" >United Nations<\/a> adopts the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/International_Convention_on_the_Elimination_of_All_Forms_of_Racial_Discrimination\" >International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Text of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/Documents\/ProfessionalInterest\/cerd.pdf\" >International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination \u2013 OHCHR.org \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/webtv.un.org\/meetings-events\/watch\/dpi-ngo-briefing-combatting-racism-in-the-21st-century\/4644549413001?page=3\" >DPI \/ NGO Briefing: Combatting Racism in the 21st Century \u2013 UN.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.awid.org\/resources\/un-mechanisms-and-caste-discrimination-based-work-and-descent\" >UN mechanism and caste: Discrimination-based work and descent \u2013 9 December 2015 \u2013 Awid.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Racism\" >Racism \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>One of the Historical Cases \u2013 Nuremberg Laws of Nazi Germany:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nuremberg_Laws\" >Nuremberg Laws<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/nuremberg-race-laws-imposed\" >Sep 15 1935 THIS DAY IN HISTORY: Nuremberg race laws imposed \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/Holocaust\/nurlaws.html\" >The Nuremberg Laws: Background &amp; Overview \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyplace.com\/worldwar2\/timeline\/nurem-laws.htm\" >The Nuremberg Race Laws \u2013 The History Place \u2013 HistoryPlace.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ushmm.org\/outreach\/en\/article.php?ModuleId=10007695\" >THE NUREMBERG RACE LAWS \u2013 The Holocaust: A Learning Sites for Students<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/history1900s.about.com\/od\/1930s\/a\/Nuremberg-Laws.htm\" >The Nuremberg Race Laws of 1935 \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>One of the Historical Cases \u2013 Apartheid of South Africa:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/dev.laptop.org\/pub\/content\/wp\/en\/Apartheid.html\" >History of South Africa in the apartheid era \u2013 Digital Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crime_of_apartheid\" >Crime of apartheid \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/legal.un.org\/avl\/ha\/cspca\/cspca.html\">Convention on the Suppression and Punishment of the Crime of Apartheid<br \/>\nNew York, 30 November 1973, lectured by John Dugard \u2013 Audiovisual Library of International Law<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www1.umn.edu\/humanrts\/instree\/apartheid-supp.html\" >Full text of <em>International Convention on the Suppression and Punishment of the Crime of <\/em>Apartheid, G.A. res. 3068 (XXVIII)), 28 U.N. GAOR Supp. (No. 30) at 75, U.N. Doc. A\/9030 (1974), 1015 U.N.T.S. 243, entered into force July 18, 1976. \u2013 University of Minnesota Human Rights Library<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Zionism and Anti-Semitism:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zionism\" >Zionism \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mideastweb.org\/zionism.htm\" >Zionism \u2013 The Definition and History \u2013 MidEastWeb.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Zionism\" >Zionism \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/zion.html\" >Zionism \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Nations_General_Assembly_Resolution_3379\" >United Nations General Assembly Resolution 3379 \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a>, <\/em><strong>or<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2015\/11\/united-nations-general-assembly-resolution-3379-of-10-nov-1975\/\" >UN General Assembly Resolution 3379 of 10 Nov 1975, by Antonio Rosa \u2013 TMS<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.albalagh.net\/current_affairs\/zionism_racism.shtml\" >Why Zionism Is Racism, by Rabee\u2019 Sahyoun \u2013 posted 3 July 2001 \u2013 Alzbalagh.net<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.counterpunch.org\/2003\/11\/05\/zionism-as-racist-ideology\/\" >Zionism as Racist Ideology, by Bill Christison and Kathleen Christison \u2013 November 5, 2003 \u2013 CounterPunch.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/web.inter.nl.net\/users\/Paul.Treanor\/zionism.html\" >Nationalism and Racism \u2013 Zionism = Racism \u2013 Web.Inter.nl.net<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/jewish-news-and-politics\/190139\/is-zionism-racism\" >\u201cZionism is not about race. It is a nationalism.\u201d \u2013 IS ZIONISM RACISM \u2013 Anne Roiphe \u2013 April 13, 2015 \u2013 TabletMag.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/mondoweiss.net\/2009\/03\/foxman-is-zionism-racism-you-bet-it-is-all-nationalism-is\" >Is Zionism racist? Foxman: \u2018You bet it is. Every nationalism is\u2019, by Philip Weiss \u2013 March 25, 2009 \u2013 MondoWeiss.net<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Antisemitism\" >Antisemitism \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Racial_antisemitism\" >Racial antisemitism \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.europeansociology.org\/research-networks\/rn31-ethnic-relations,-racism-and-antisemitism.html\" >RN31 \u2013 Ethnic Relations, Racism and Antisemitism \u2013 European Sociological Association \u2013 EuropeanSociology.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/antisem.html\" >Anti-Semitism \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/anti-Semitism\" >Anti-Semitism \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.com\/news\/anti-semitism\/\" >Anti-Semitism \u2013 Articles \u2013 HuffingtonPost.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.debate.org\/opinions\/is-anti-semitism-racism#%21\" >Is anti-semitism racism? \u2013 Debate.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.freerepublic.com\/focus\/f-news\/1771650\/posts\" >Racism and Antisemitism \u2013 Part I, by Reginald Firehammer \u2013 FreeRepublic.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/commentisfree\/2014\/dec\/02\/antisemitism-is-racism-malky-mackay-david-whelan-mario-balotelli\" >Antisemitism is racism. We need to acknowledge that, by David Baddiel \u2013 December 2, 2014 \u2013 TheGuardian.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Anti-Zionism, Anti-Semitism and\/or Anti-Israel? :<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.isreview.org\/issues\/38\/zionism_antisemitism.shtml\" >Zionism and Anti-Semitism: Are Israel\u2019s Critics Anti-Semites? , by Handas Their \u2013 ISR Issue 38 December 2004 \u2013 ISReview.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.adl.org\/israel-international\/israel-middle-east\/content\/AG\/inaccuracy-israel-critics-anti-semites.html\" >Response To Common Inaccuracy: Israel Critics are Anti-Semites \u2013 Inaccuracy: Jews unfairly label anyone who criticizes Israel an anti-Semite. \u2013 ADL.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/observer.com\/2014\/10\/blurred-lines-anti-semitism-vs-anti-israel\/\" >Blurred Lines: Anti-Semitism vs. Anti-Israel, by Eliana Rudee \u2013 10\/17\/14 \u2013 Observer.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rci.rutgers.edu\/%7Ejussim\/Cohen%20et%20al,%202009,%20with%20supplemental%20materials.pdf\" >Modern Anti-Semitism and Anti-Israel Attitudes, by Florette Cohen, Lee Jussim, Kent D. Harber and Gautam Bhasin \u2013 2009 \u2013 American Psychological Association \u2013 Rutgers.edu \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.quora.com\/Whats-the-difference-between-being-anti-Israel-anti-Zionist-and-anti-semitic-and-how-do-you-know-which-is-which\" >What\u2019s the difference between <strong>being<\/strong> anti-Israel, anti-Zionist and anti-semitic, and how do you know which is which? \u2013 Quora.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/people.opposingviews.com\/difference-between-antisemitism-zionism-7710.html\" >What\u2019s the Difference Between Anti-Semitism &amp; Zionism? \u2013 OpposingViews.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jcpa.org\/phas\/phas-wistrich-f04.htm\" >Anti-Zionism and Anti-Semitism, by Robert Wistrich \u2013 Jewish Political Studies Review 16:3-4 (Fall 2004) \u2013 JCPA.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/rense.com\/general48\/zntiz.htm\" >Anti-Semitism Vs Anti-Zionism: A Practical Manual, by Uri Avnery \u2013 CounterPunch.org \u2013 Rense.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jcpa.org\/phas\/phas-30.htm\" >Post-Holocaust and Anti-Semitism \u2013 Jews against Israel, by Manfred Gerstendfeld \u2013 1 March 2005 \u2013 JCPA.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/students.washington.edu\/israeluw\/info-anti.html\" >When being anti-Israel is anti-Semitic, by Bernard Pinsky \u2013 Washington.edu<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Sports and Racism:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Race_and_sports\" >Race and sports \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/serendip.brynmawr.edu\/local\/scisoc\/sports02\/papers\/aalexander.html\" >Culture, Race, and Gender in Sports, by Alisa Alexander<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2015\/02\/my-tribute-to-serena-williams\/\" >My Tribute to Serena Williams, by Richard Falk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.athleticinsight.com\/Vol9Iss3\/RaceDifference.htm\" >White Americans\u2019 Genetic Explanations for a Perceived Race Difference in Athleticism: The Relation to Prejudice toward and Stereotyping of Blacks, Jane P. Sheldon \u2013 Athletic Insight<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www-personal.umich.edu\/%7Ebawa\/race.htm\" >Ethnicity and racism in sports \u2013 personal.umich.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/bleacherreport.com\/articles\/157150-pumpsie-green-and-red-sox-racism\" >Pumpsie Green and the Boston Red Sox\u2019s Racism \u2013 BleacherReport.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/redsoxareracist.blogspot.com\/\" >The Red Sox: Racist \u2013 RedSoxAreRacist.BlogSpot.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.overthemonster.com\/2014\/2\/13\/5407754\/red-sox-yawkey-way-racist-history\" >Yawkey Way and the Red Sox\u2019 Racist History \u2013 OverTheMoster.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.opednews.com\/articles\/The-Boston-Red-Sox-Jackie-by-Chris-Lamb-120411-991.html\" >The Boston Red Sox, Jackie Robinson, and a Legacy of Racism \u2013 OpEdNews.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.researchomatic.com\/Racism-In-American-Baseball-4135.html\" >Racism in American Baseball \u2013 Rearchomatic.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/johnnysbaseball.wordpress.com\/tag\/racism-in-baseball\/\" >Racism in baseball \u2013 Johnny\u2019s baseball blog<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Baseball_color_line\" >\u201c<em>The color line in American baseball, until the late 1940s, excluded players of Black African descent from Major League Baseball and its affiliated Minor Leagues<\/em>\u2026\u201d \u2013 Baseball color line \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Beauty Contest and Racism:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/wgbh\/amex\/missamerica\/peopleevents\/e_inclusion.html\" >\u201c<em>In 1984 Vanessa Williams became the first black Miss America, beginning the year as one of the best Miss Americas ever, in the eyes of many pageant insiders, but ending her reign mid-year amidst scandal<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 People &amp; Events: Breaking the Color Line at the Pageant<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.arogundade.com\/vanessa-williams-the-first-black-miss-america-1984.html\" >\u201c<em>AFRICAN AMERICANS WERE BANNED from competing in the white-run beauty pageants of the early twentieth century\u2026But this all changed on September 17, 1983 when Vanessa Lynn Williams, a 20 year-old college student from Millwood, NY, who had recently won the Miss New York crown, made history in becoming the first black Miss America (1984) after securing both the swimsuit and the talent sections of the completion<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Moments in African American in History: Vanessa Williams Is Crowned The First Black Miss America (1984) \u2013 ARODUNDATE.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/1998\/10\/18\/world\/lesson-in-politics-for-miss-croatia.html\" >Lesson in Politics For Miss Croatia \u2013 October 18, 1998 \u2013 The New York Times<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/2\/hi\/europe\/201369.stm\" >World: Europe Muslim denied Croatian beauty title \u2013 Monday, October 26, 1998 \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/articles.chicagotribune.com\/1998-10-27\/news\/9810270050_1_muslim-pageant-title-voting\" >\u201c<em>ZAGREB, CROATIA \u2014 Two weeks after a Muslim was proclaimed Miss Croatia, the jury reversed itself and crowned as a new winner the runner-up, a member of the country\u2019s Roman Catholic majority<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Muslim Stripped Out of Pageant Title \u2013 October 27, 1998 \u2013 ChicagoTribune.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ebaumsworld.com\/video\/watch\/80826340\/\" >White Woman Crowned Queen of All Black College \u2013 \u201c<em>Description: A woman wins a college beauty contest and faces racism from other students because she is white. She writes Obama, asking him to speak on diversity at the school, and that provokes more racism<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 11\/28\/2009 \u2013 eBaumsWorld.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.buzzfeed.com\/ryanhatesthis\/a-lot-of-people-are-very-upset-that-an-indian-american-woman#.agw0gp0Pb\" >A Lot Of People Are Very Upset That An Indian-American Woman Won The Miss America Pageant \u201cAnd the Arab wins Miss America, classic.\u201d By Ryan Broderick \u2013 posted on September 16, 2013 \u2013 BuzzFeed.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2013\/09\/16\/showbiz\/miss-america-racist-reactions\/index.html\" >Miss America crowns 1<sup>st<\/sup> winner of Indian decent \u2013 September 17, 2013 \u2013 CNN<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/lifestyle\/style\/miss-america-fights-post-pageant-racism-with-a-beauty-queens-poise\/2013\/09\/22\/a90590ac-22f8-11e3-966c-9c4293c47ebe_story.html\" >Miss America Nina Davuluri fights post-pageant racism with a beauty queen\u2019s poise, by Maura Judikis \u2013 September 22, 2013 \u2013 The Washington Post<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/missosology.info\/forum\/viewtopic.php?f=3&amp;t=217348\" >\u201c<em>What can be done to stop racism specially against Black in miss universe, miss world, miss earth and miss international<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Racism in international pageants \u2013 Mon Nov 18, 2013<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.france24.com\/en\/20120426-miss-black-france-beauty-contest-raises-eyebrows-questions\" >\u201c<em>A French beauty pageant exclusively for black women will take place for the first time in Paris on Saturday. The event has been endorsed by black associations and the organizer of the traditional Miss France contest, but other are crying foul<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 \u2018Miss Black France\u2019 pageant raises eyebrows \u2013 Updated 2014-04-28 \u2013 France24.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/panteres.com\/2015\/04\/02\/miss-japan-ariana-miyamoto-fight-against-racism\/\" >Miss Japan: Ariana Miyamoto fights against racism \u2013 April 2, 2015 \u2013 Panteres.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.gmanetwork.com\/news\/story\/486002\/lifestyle\/mixed-race-miss-japan-fights-for-race-revolution\" >Mixed-race Miss Japan fights for race revolution, by Alastair Himmer \u2013 May 12, 2015 \u2013 GMANetwork.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Some Other Pertinent Articles from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/\" >Transcend.org\/TMS<\/a>:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2014\/04\/dr-martin-luther-king-jr-why-he-died-why-it-matters\/&amp;sa=U&amp;ved=0ahUKEwjd25ujvdTJAhUF5A4KHRjACWw4ChAWCBMwBQ&amp;client=internal-uds-cse&amp;usg=AFQjCNHsQfERSCx2DIc33Iq9ysOVMx2cqg\" >Martin Luther King, Jr. \u2013 Why He Died &amp; Why It Matters!<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2010\/06\/amazing-speech-by-iraq-war-veteran-%E2%80%93-discurso-inspirador-de-veterano-da-guerra-do-iraque\/\" >Amazing Speech by Iraq War Veteran<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2014\/07\/hate-crime-racism-on-the-rise-in-southeast-asia\/\" >Hate Crime, <strong>Racism<\/strong> on the Rise in Southeast Asia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2012\/02\/tribalism-racism-and-projection-part-1\/\" >Tribalism, <strong>Racism<\/strong> and Projection (Part 1)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2012\/02\/tribalism-racism-and-projection-part-2\/\" >Tribalism, <strong>Racism<\/strong> and Projection (Part 2)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2011\/03\/subtle-racism-and-unemployment-push-gypsies-into-marginalisation\/\" >Subtle Racism and Unemployment \u201cPush Gypsies into Marginalisation\u201d<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2013\/08\/1982-citizenship-law-of-myanmar-and-myanmars-popular-racism\/&amp;sa=U&amp;ved=0ahUKEwis0pHuvNTJAhWC3iwKHVasA2AQFggPMAQ&amp;client=internal-uds-cse&amp;usg=AFQjCNF1v4HfJaavtDj2DoUnoU24BW6cAQ\" >1982 Citizenship Law of Myanmar and Myanmar\u2019s Popular <strong>Racism<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2014\/09\/japan-still-hobbled-by-racism-and-militarism\/&amp;sa=U&amp;ved=0ahUKEwis0pHuvNTJAhWC3iwKHVasA2AQFggMMAM&amp;client=internal-uds-cse&amp;usg=AFQjCNGNWhF2WQ1ITRdLNPRBAHBhOkdg6Q\" >Japan Still Hobbled by <strong>Racism<\/strong> and Militarism<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2014\/11\/building-a-racially-just-society-psychological-insights\/\" >Building a Racially Just Society: Psychological Insights<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2014\/11\/under-israeli-apartheid-palestinians-cannot-ride-israeli-buses\/\" >Under Israeli Apartheid, Palestinians Cannot Ride Israeli Buses<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2011\/02\/ethnicity-and-indigenesettler-conflict\/\" >Ethnicity and Indigene\/Settler Conflict<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2015\/08\/to-go-wide-or-deep-womens-peace-work\/&amp;sa=U&amp;ved=0ahUKEwig-Ya-v9TJAhUECiwKHaoyAoM4KBAWCB0wCA&amp;client=internal-uds-cse&amp;usg=AFQjCNHRjiqqVnYDHJ9ozX65lbqr_jMoGg\" >To Go Wide or Deep \u2013 Women\u2019s Peace Work<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1963\u00a0 <\/strong>The episode of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cypriot_intercommunal_violence\" >intercommunal violence<\/a> called <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bloody_Christmas_%281963%29\" >\u201cBloody Christmas\u201d<\/a> begins in Cyprus, ultimately resulting in the displacement of 25,000-30,000 <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Turkish_Cypriots\" >Turkish Cypriots<\/a> and destruction of more than 100 villages.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Bloody Christmas of 1963 in Cyprus:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/web.deu.edu.tr\/ataturkilkeleri\/ai\/uploaded_files\/file\/dergi_26\/10%20Ulvi%20Keser.pdf\" >BLOODY CHRITSMAS OF 1963 IN THE LIGHT OF AMERICAN DOCUMENTS, by Ulvi Keser \u2013 DEU.edu.tr \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.thecypriotpuzzle.org\/bloody-christmas-in-cyprus-21-25th-december-1963\/\" >\u201cBloody Christmas\u201d in Cyprus 21-25<sup>th<\/sup> December 1963 \u2013 December 25, 2014 \u2013 TheCyprotPuzzle.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.liveleak.com\/\" >Greek Barbarism in Cyprus: Bloody Christmas of 1963 \u2013 LiveLeak.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/besparmakblog.blogspot.com\/2013\/12\/bloody-christmas-in-cyprus-21-25th.html\" >\u201cBloody Christmas\u201d in Cyprus 21-25<sup>th<\/sup> December 1963: 50 Years Remembered in \u201cThe Day A Village Died\u201d, by Chris Green \u2013 Thursday, 19 December 2013 \u2013 Be\u015fparmarkBlog<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/tvinemedia.blogspot.com\/2014\/12\/we-remember-bloody-christmas-cyprus-21.html\" >We remember: \u2018Bloody Christmas\u2019, Cyprus 21-31 December 1963 \u2013 Sunday, 21 December 2014 \u2013 T- VINE<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1962\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rondane_National_Park\" >Rondane National Park<\/a> is established as Norway\u2019s first <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/National_park\" >national park<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1946\u00a0 <\/strong>An <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1946_Nankai_earthquake\" >earthquake<\/a> of 8.1 <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moment_magnitude_scale\" >M<sub>w<\/sub><\/a> and subsequent <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tsunami\" >tsunami<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nankaid%C5%8D\" >Nankaid\u014d<\/a>, Japan, kills over 1,300 people and destroys over 38,000 homes.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1941\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_II\" >World War II<\/a>: A formal treaty of alliance between <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Thailand\" >Thailand<\/a> and Japan is signed in the presence of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Emerald_Buddha\" >Emerald Buddha<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wat_Phra_Kaew\" >Wat Phra Kaew<\/a>, Thailand.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1936\u00a0 <\/strong>First flight of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Junkers_Ju_88\" >Junkers Ju 88<\/a> multi-role combat aircraft.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1923\u00a0 <\/strong>United Kingdom and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nepal\" >Nepal<\/a> formally signed an agreement of friendship, called the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nepal%E2%80%93Britain_Treaty_of_1923\" >Nepal\u2013Britain Treaty of 1923<\/a>, which superseded the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Treaty_of_Sugauli\" >Treaty of Sugauli<\/a> signed in 1816.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Nepal-Britain Relations:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/nepal\/71.htm\" >\u201c<em>Nepalese-British relations spanned more than two centuries and generally were friendly and mutually rewarding. Since the Treaty of Sagauli of 1816, when Britain began recruiting Gurkha troops, the British have had continuous official representation in Kathmandu<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 <strong>Nepal<\/strong> \u2013 Britain \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nepembassy.org.uk\/nepal_britain_relations.php\" >Nepal Britain Relations \u2013 Embassy of Nepal, UK \u2013 NepEmbassy.org.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.country-data.com\/cgi-bin\/query\/r-9165.html\" >Nepal \u2013 Relations with Britain \u2013 Country-Data.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britainnepalmedicaltrust.org.uk\/docs\/Annual_Report_2014.pdf\" >200 Years of Britain-Nepal Relations \u2013 Britain-Nepal Medical Trust \u2013 Annual Report 2014 \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/speeches\/two-hundred-years-of-nepal-britain-relations-a-way-forward\" >Two Hundred Years of Nepal-Britain Relations: A Way Forward \u2013 speech by British Ambassador to Nepal, Andy Sparkers CMG \u2013 delivered 15 September 2013 \u2013 published 25 September 2013 \u2013 gov.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of Nepal:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Nepal\" >History of Nepal \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/nepal-history.html\" >Nepal \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/nepal\/history\" >Nepal \u2013 History \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bharatonline.com\/nepal\/history.html\" >History of Nepal \u2013 Bharatonline.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.hikenepal.com\/nepal\/history.php\" >History of Nepal \u2013 HikeNepal.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nepal.com\/history\/\" >Discover the History of Nepal \u2013 Nepal.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nepalhomepage.com\/general\/history\" >A Brief History of Nepal \u2013 NepalHomePage.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.thamel.com\/htms\/history.htm\" >History of Nepal \u2013 Thamel.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-south-asia-12499391\" >Nepal profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1907\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chilean_Army\" >Chilean Army<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Santa_Mar%C3%ADa_School_massacre\" >commits a massacre<\/a> of at least 2,000 striking <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sodium_nitrate\" >saltpeter<\/a> miners in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Iquique\" >Iquique<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chile\" >Chile<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>1907 Santa Mar\u00eda de Iquique Massacre:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/libcom.org\/forums\/history\/chile-1907-santa-mar%C3%AD-de-iquique-massacre-11122007\" >Chile: 1907 Santa Mar\u00eda de Iquique Massacre \u2013 org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.onthisdeity.com\/21st-december-1907-%E2%80%93-the-santa-maria-school-massacre\/\" >21<sup>ST<\/sup> DECEMBER 1907: THE SANTA MARIA SCHOOL MASSACRE \u2013 OnThisDay.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.academia.edu\/885560\/Historiography_and_Memory_the_1907_Massacre_of_Nitrate_Workers_and_their_Families_at_Escuela_Santa_Mar%C3%ADa_in_Iquique_Chile\" >Historiography and Memory: the 1907 Massacre of Nitrate Workers and their Families at Escuela Santa Mar\u00eda in Inquique, Chile, posted by R. Green Rioja \u2013 Academia.edu \u2013 downloadable<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/archive.worldhistoria.com\/santa-maria-school-massacre_topic21812.html\" >Santa Maria School Massacre \u2013 WorldHistoria.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.onwar.com\/aced\/chrono\/c1900s\/yr00\/fchile1907.htm\" >THE INQUIQUE MASSACRE IN CHILE 1907 \u2013 OnWar.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1879\u00a0 <\/strong>World premi\u00e8re of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Henrik_Ibsen\" >Henrik Ibsen<\/a>\u2018s <em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/A_Doll%27s_House\" >A Doll\u2019s House<\/a><\/em> at the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Danish_Theatre\" >Royal Theatre<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Copenhagen\" >Copenhagen<\/a>, Denmark.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1844\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rochdale_Society_of_Equitable_Pioneers\" >Rochdale Society of Equitable Pioneers<\/a> commences business at its <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cooperative\" >cooperative<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rochdale\" >Rochdale<\/a>, England, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_the_cooperative_movement\" >starting the Cooperative movement<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1832\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Egyptian%E2%80%93Ottoman_War_%281831%E2%80%9333%29\" >Egyptian\u2013Ottoman War<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Egypt\" >Egyptian<\/a> forces decisively defeat <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ottoman_Empire\" >Ottoman<\/a> troops at the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Konya\" >Battle of Konya<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1620\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Plymouth_Colony\" >Plymouth Colony<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/William_Bradford_%28Plymouth_Colony_governor%29\" >William Bradford<\/a> and the <em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mayflower\" >Mayflower<\/a><\/em> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pilgrim_Fathers\" >Pilgrims<\/a> land on what is now known as <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Plymouth_Rock\" >Plymouth Rock<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Plymouth,_Massachusetts\" >Plymouth, Massachusetts<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1598\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Curalaba\" >Battle of Curalaba<\/a>: The revolting <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mapuche\" >Mapuche<\/a>, led by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cacique\" >cacique<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pelantaro\" >Pelentaru<\/a>, inflict a major defeat on <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Spanish_Empire\" >Spanish<\/a> troops in southern <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Captaincy_General_of_Chile\" >Chile<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>DECEMBER 22<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>2010\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Don%27t_Ask,_Don%27t_Tell_Repeal_Act_of_2010\" >repeal<\/a> of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Don%27t_ask,_don%27t_tell\" >Don\u2019t ask, don\u2019t tell<\/a> policy, the 17-year-old policy banning homosexuals serving openly in the United States military, is signed into law by President <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Barack_Obama\" >Barack Obama<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2008\u00a0 <\/strong>An ash dike <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kingston_Fossil_Plant_coal_fly_ash_slurry_spill\" >ruptured<\/a> at a solid waste containment area in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Roane_County,_Tennessee\" >Roane County, Tennessee<\/a>, releasing 1.1\u00a0billion US gallons (4,200,000\u00a0m<sup>3<\/sup>) of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Coal\" >coal<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fly_ash\" >fly ash<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Slurry\" >slurry<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2001\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Burhanuddin_Rabbani\" >Burhanuddin Rabbani<\/a>, political leader of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Northern_Alliance\" >Northern Alliance<\/a>, hands over power in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Afghanistan\" >Afghanistan<\/a> to the interim government headed by President <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hamid_Karzai\" >Hamid Karzai<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1997\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hussein_Farrah_Aidid\" >Hussein Farrah Aidid<\/a> relinquishes the disputed title of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/President_of_Somalia\" >President of Somalia<\/a> by signing the Cairo Declaration, in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cairo\" >Cairo<\/a>, Egypt. It is the first major step towards reconciliation in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Somalia\" >Somalia<\/a> since 1991.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1997\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Acteal_massacre\" >Acteal massacre<\/a>: Attendees at a prayer meeting of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Catholic_Church\" >Roman Catholic<\/a> activists for <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas\" >indigenous<\/a> causes in the small village of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Acteal\" >Acteal<\/a> in the Mexican state of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chiapas\" >Chiapas<\/a> are <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/massacre\" >massacred<\/a> by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Paramilitary\" >paramilitary<\/a> forces.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Acteal Massacre of 1997:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/acteal97.com\/\" >1997 Acteal Massacre \u2013 Acteal97.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nsarchive.gwu.edu\/NSAEBB\/NSAEBB283\/index.htm\" >Breaking the Silence \u2013 <strong>The Mexican Army and the 1997 Acteal Massacre \u2013 <\/strong>The National Security Archive \u2013 GWU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lasabejas.org\/acteal\" >\u201c<em>The Acteal Massacre was a massacre of 45 people attending a prayer meeting of Roman Catholic indigenous townspeople, including a number of children and pregnant women, who were members of the pacifist group Las Abejas (\u201cThe Bees\u201d), in the small village of Acteal in the municipality of Chenalh\u00f3, in the Mexican state of Chiapas. It was carried out on December 22, 1997 by unknown paramilitary forces<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 ACTEAL \u2013 LAS ABEJAS \u2013 LasAbejas.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.economist.com\/node\/109450\" >\u201c<em>FOUR years ago this week, an armed band of masked Indians sprang out of the jungles of Chiapas in southern Mexico to launch the Zapatist uprising. Some 145 lives were lost, on one side or the other, during attacks on army outposts and police stations<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Massacre in Mexico \u2013 Jan 1<sup>st<\/sup> 1998 \u2013 The Economist<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/dwkcommentaries.com\/tag\/acteal-massacre\/\" >Tag: Acteal Massacre \u2013 US Court of Appeal Affirms Dismissal of Compliant against Former Mexican President \u2013 DWKCommentaries.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1992\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Archives_of_Terror\" >Archives of Terror<\/a> are discovered.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Archives of Terror:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/todayinhistory.tumblr.com\/post\/14608155794\/december-22nd-1992-the-archives-of-terror-are\" >December 22nd 1992: The Archives of Terror are discovered \u2013 THIS DAY IN HISTORY \u2013 TUMBRL.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/education.nationalgeographic.org\/thisday\/dec22\/archives-terror-discovered\/\" >\u201c<em>On December 22, 1992, files documenting the fates of thousands of Latin American dissidents were discovered at a police station in Asuncion, Paraguay. The files reported details of \u201cOperation Condor\u2026.The so-called \u201cArchives of Terror\u201d document assassinations, kidnappings, torture, secret imprisonments, and surveillance programs Dimed to eliminate political opposition<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 1992: Archives of Terror Discovered \u2013 NationalGeographic.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.aladin0.wrlc.org\/gsdl\/collect\/terror\/terror_e.shtml\" >\u201c<em>Discovered in 1992 in Paraguay, the holdings of the Archive and Documentation Center for the Defense of Human Rights (CDyA) have been described as \u201cfive tons of reports and photos detail[ing] the arrest, interrogation and disappearance of thousands of political prisoners during General [Alfredo] Stroessner\u2019s 35-year dictatorship.\u201d The first repository of its kind ever discovered in Latin America, the full Archive contains internal records produced by the Paraguayan security forces during the Stroessner regime, which was in power from 1954 to 1989. <\/em><strong><em>Paraguayans call it the \u2018Archive of Terror.\u2019<\/em><\/strong>\u201d \u2013 About This Collection \u2013 ALADIN<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1991\u00a0 <\/strong>Armed opposition groups launch a military coup against <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/President_of_Georgia\" >President of Georgia<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zviad_Gamsakhurdia\" >Zviad Gamsakhurdia<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1990\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Croatian_Parliament\" >Croatian Parliament<\/a> adopts the current <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Constitution_of_Croatia\" >Constitution of Croatia<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1990\u00a0 <\/strong>Final independence of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marshall_Islands\" >Marshall Islands<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Federated_States_of_Micronesia\" >Federated States of Micronesia<\/a> after termination of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Nations_Trusteeship_Council\" >trusteeship<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1989\u00a0 <\/strong>Berlin\u2019s <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Brandenburg_Gate\" >Brandenburg Gate<\/a> re-opens after nearly 30 years, effectively ending the division of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/East_Germany\" >East<\/a> and West Germany.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1989\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Communism\" >Communist<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/President_of_Romania\" >President of Romania<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nicolae_Ceau%C8%99escu\" >Nicolae Ceau\u0219escu<\/a> is overthrown by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ion_Iliescu\" >Ion Iliescu<\/a> after days of bloody confrontations. The deposed dictator and his wife flee <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bucharest\" >Bucharest<\/a> with a helicopter as protesters erupt in cheers.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1987\u00a0 <\/strong>In <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zimbabwe\" >Zimbabwe<\/a>, the political parties <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zimbabwe_African_National_Union\" >ZANU<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zimbabwe_African_People%27s_Union\" >ZAPU<\/a> reach an agreement that ends the violence in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Matabeleland\" >Matabeleland<\/a> region known as the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gukurahundi\" >Gukurahundi<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>History of Zimbabwe:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zimbabwe\" >History of Zimbabwe \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/history-of-Zimbabwe\" >History of Zimbabwe \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/zimbabwe\/history\" >Zimbabwe \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/zimbabwe-country-africa-history.html\" >Zimbabwe \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/history.howstuffworks.com\/african-history\/history-of-zimbabwe.htm\" >History of Zimbabwe \u2013 HowStuffWorks.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nationsencyclopedia.com\/Africa\/Zimbabwe-HISTORY.html\" >Zimbabwe \u2013 History \u2013 NationsEncyclopedia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bulawayo1872.com\/history\/zimhistory.htm\" >The History of Zimbabwe \u2013 Bulawayo1872.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/sanweb.lib.msu.edu\/DMC\/African%20Journals\/pdfs\/Journal%20of%20the%20University%20of%20Zimbabwe\/vol26n1\/juz026001003.pdf\" >ZIMBABWE: PRE-COLONIAL HISTORY, DEMOGRAPHIC DISASTER AND THE UNIVERSITY, by David Beach \u2013 MSU.edu \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1978\u00a0 <\/strong>The pivotal Third Plenum of the 11th National Congress of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Communist_Party_of_China\" >Communist Party of China<\/a> is held in Beijing, with <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Deng_Xiaoping\" >Deng Xiaoping<\/a> reversing <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mao_Zedong\" >Mao<\/a>-era policies to pursue a program for <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_economic_reform\" >Chinese economic reform<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1974\u00a0 <\/strong>The house of former British Prime Minister <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Edward_Heath\" >Edward Heath<\/a> is attacked by members of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Provisional_Irish_Republican_Army\" >Provisional IRA<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1974\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Grande_Comore\" >Grande Comore<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anjouan\" >Anjouan<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh%C3%A9li\" >Moh\u00e9li<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Comorian_independence_referendum,_1974\" >vote<\/a> to become the independent nation of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Comoros\" >Comoros<\/a>. <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mayotte\" >Mayotte<\/a> remains under French administration.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1971\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Underground_nuclear_weapons_testing\" >underground nuclear test<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atyrau\" >Atyrau<\/a> (Kazakhstan), Russia.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>USSR Nuclear Tests in 1971:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1971_Soviet_nuclear_tests\" >1971 Soviet nuclear tests \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/srl.geoscienceworld.org\/content\/66\/3\/20.extract\" >Peaceful Nuclear Explosions in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia), Russia, by Kazuya Fujita \u2013 GeoScienceWorld.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Underground Nuclear Tests:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tightflash.org\/all_911\/third_truth\/nuclear_demolition_basic\/USGSOFR01312.pdf\" >The Containment of Soviet Underground Nuclear Explosions, by Vitaly V. Adshkin, and William Leith \u2013 OPEN FILE REPROT 01-312, September 2001 \u2013 US DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/srl.geoscienceworld.org\/content\/86\/2A\/451.full.pdf\" >Political Seismology or Seismological Politics: Natural Resources Defense Council \u2013 USSR Experiments in Underground Nuclear Test Verification, by Anna Amramina<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2013\/02\/11\/world\/asia\/north-korea-underground-explosion-explainer\/index.html\" >What happens with an underground nuclear test? , by Kevin Voigt \u2013 February 19, 2013 \u2013 CNN<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nnsa.energy.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/nv_sweis\/environmentalimpact\/v2\/Appendix%20H.pdf\" >APPENDIX H \u2013 UNDERGROUND NUCLEAR TESTING<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/gajitz.com\/buried-history-underground-nuclear-weapons-tests\/\" >Buried History: Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 GAJITZ.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theblogbelow.com\/2008\/07\/underground-nuclear-test.html\" >Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 TheBlogBelow.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ldeo.columbia.edu\/res\/pi\/Monitoring\/Arch\/BRV_arch_exp.html\" >Borovoye Archive Data from Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 Columbia.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/of\/1993\/0501\/report.pdf\" >Physical Environment of the Underground Nuclear Test Site on Novaya Zemlya, Russia, by John R. Matzko \u2013 Open-File Report 93-501- Reston, Virginia \u2013 1993 \u2013 THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOGRAPHICAL SURVEY<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>USSR\u2019s Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovwpnprog.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/tests\/USSR-ntestsS.html\" >Database of nuclear tests, USSR\/Russia: overview \u2013 JohnstonArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Effect and\/or Impact of Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/page-3-effects-of-nuclear-weapon-testing-by-the-soviet-union\/\" >Page 3: Effects of Nuclear Weapon Testing by the Soviet Union \u2013 Economic, social, and environmental impacts \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/general-overview-of-theeffects-of-nuclear-testing\/\" >GENERAL OVERVIEW OF THE EFFECTS OF NUCLEAR TESTING \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/slashdot.org\/story\/13\/08\/20\/1738213\/the-secret-effort-to-clean-up-a-former-soviet-nuclear-test-site\" >The Secret Effort To Clean Up a Former Soviet Nuclear Test Site \u2013 Slashdot.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/citeseerx.ist.psu.edu\/viewdoc\/summary?doi=10.1.1.543.8580\" >A Review of Nuclear Testing by the Soviet Union at Novaya, by Vitaly I. Khalturin , Tatyana G. Rautian , Paul G. Richards , and William S. Leith \u2013 CiteSeerX- PSU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1968\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cultural_Revolution\" >Cultural Revolution<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/People%27s_Daily\" >People\u2019s Daily<\/a> posted the instructions of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mao_Zedong\" >Mao Zedong<\/a> that it is \u201c<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sent-down_youth\" >The intellectual youth<\/a> must go to the country, and will be educated from living in rural poverty.\u201d(<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Down_to_the_Countryside_Movement\" >Down to the Countryside Movement<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Cultural Revolution:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/cultural-revolution\" >CULTURAL REVOLUTION \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.oxy.edu\/cgi\/viewcontent.cgi?article=1003&amp;context=decalages\" >On the Cultural Revolution \u2013 Anonymous tr. Jason E. Smith [Attributed to Louis Althusser \u2013 February 2010 \u2013 D\u00e9calages \u2013 Volume 1, Issue 1 \u2013 OXY.edu \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/asianhistory.about.com\/od\/modernchina\/f\/What-Was-The-Cultural-Revolution.htm\" >What Was the Cultural Revolution? \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Cultural-Revolution\" >Cultural Revolution \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.chaos.umd.edu\/history\/prc3.html\" >The Cultural Revolution Decade, 1966-76 \u2013 The People\u2019s Republic of China: III \u2013 UMD.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/chinaciv\/graph\/9wenge.htm\" >Cultural Revolution \u2013 Washington.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/cultural-revolution.html\" >Cultural Revolution \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historylearningsite.co.uk\/modern-world-history-1918-to-1980\/china-1900-to-1976\/the-cultural-revolution\/\" >The Cultural Revolution \u2013 HistoryLearningSite.co.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/iis-db.stanford.edu\/docs\/115\/CRintro.pdf\" >Introduction to the Cultural Revolution \u2013 SPICE DIGEST \u2013 Stanford.edu \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sjsu.edu\/faculty\/watkins\/cultrev.htm\" >The Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution in China, 1966-1976 \u2013 SJSU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.socialismtoday.org\/118\/revolution.html\" >1968: year of revolution \u2013 SocialismToday.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/links.org.au\/node\/1326\" >China: Youth and the Cultural Revolution \u2013 LINKS \u2013 LINKS.org.au<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ljhammond.com\/essays\/my-youth.htm\" >My Youth in China, by Yafei Hu \u2013 LJHammond.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Up to the Mountains and Down to the Countryside Movement:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/chineseposters.net\/themes\/up-to-the-mountains.php\" >Up to the mountains, down to the village (1968) \u2013 ChinesePosters.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.uptothemountain.com\/index.html\" >UP TO THE MOUNTAIN DOWN TO THE VILLAGE \u2013 Chris Billing<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sent-down_youth\" >Sent-down youth \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1962\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1962_Soviet_nuclear_tests\" >(atmospheric)<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Novaya_Zemlya\" >Novaya Zemlya<\/a> USSR.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>USSR Nuclear Tests in 1962:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1962_Soviet_nuclear_tests\" >1962 Soviet nuclear tests &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>USSR\u2019s Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovwpnprog.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/tests\/USSR-ntestsS.html\" >Database of nuclear tests, USSR\/Russia: overview \u2013 JohnstonArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Novaya Zemlya Nuclear Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/wmd\/world\/russia\/novaya_zemlya_nuc.htm\" >Novaya Zemlya \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.atlasobscura.com\/places\/novaya-zemlya\" >NOVAYA ZEMLYA \u2013 AtlasObscura.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.giantbomb.com\/novaya-zemlya\/3035-3167\/\" >Novaya Zemlya \u2013 GiantBomb.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.arkcode.com\/custom3_64.html\" >NOVA ZEMLYA (NOVAYA ZEMLYA) 58 MEGA TON H BOMB TEST \u2013 ArkCode.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nti.org\/facilities\/924\/\" >Central Test Site of Russia on Novaya Zemlya \u2013 NTI.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www1.american.edu\/ted\/ice\/novalya.htm\" >ICE Case Studies \u2013 Novaya Zemlya, by Carrie McVicker \u2013 American.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/earthobservatory.nasa.gov\/IOTD\/view.php?id=39591\" >Novaya Zemlya Archipelago \u2013 Image \u2013 NASA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/novayazemlya.net\/\" >Novaya Zemlya Archipelago \u2013 NovayaZemlya.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclear-risks.org\/en\/hibakusha-worldwide\/novaya-zemlya.html\" >Novaya Zemlya, Russia \u2013 Nuclear-Risks.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/tass.ru\/en\/russia\/743105\" >Novaya Zemlya: test site for most powerful nuclear bomb ever detonated \u2013 July 31, 2014 \u2013 TASS Russian News Agency<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclearno.com\/text.asp?11073\" >Novaya Zemlya: birds, animals adapt nuclear test site, by Tatyana Sinitsyna \u2013 RIA Novosti, Russia \u2013 15 August 2006<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/of\/1993\/0501\/report.pdf\" >UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOGRPAPHICAL SURVEY \u2013 Physical Environment of the Underground Nuclear Test Site on Novaya Zemlya, Russia, by John R. Matzko \u2013 Open-File Report 93-501 \u2013 Reston, Virginia \u2013 1993<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Soviet Atmospheric Nuclear Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovatmtest.html\" >Soviet Atmospheric Tests \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/zvis.com\/nuclear\/ndb\/ussrnuks.shtml\" >USSR Atmospheric Nuclear Tests Database \u2013 Zvis.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovwpnprog.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/tests\/USSR-ntestsS.html\" >Database of nuclear tests, USSR\/Russia: overview \u2013 JohnstonArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/soviet_nuclear_testing_semipalatinsk_20th_anniversary\/24311518.html\" >Slow Death of Kazakhstan\u2019s Land Of Nuclear Tests \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty \u2013 RFRL.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/large.stanford.edu\/courses\/2014\/ph241\/powell2\/docs\/vakulchuk.pdf\" >Semipalitinsk nuclear testing: the humanitarian consequences \u2013 Norwegian Institute of International Affairs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thebulletin.org\/lasting-toll-semipalatinsks-nuclear-testing\" >The lasting toll of Semipalitinsk\u2019s nuclear testing \u2013 TheBulletin.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/12566948_External_doses_of_residents_near_Semipalatinsk_nuclear_test_site\" >External Doses of Residents near Semipalitinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 ResearchGate.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.irpa.net\/irpa10\/cdrom\/00504.pdf\" >Radiation Exposure on Residents due to Semipalitinsk Nuclear Tests \u2013 IRPA.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Effect and\/or Impact of Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/page-3-effects-of-nuclear-weapon-testing-by-the-soviet-union\/\" >Page 3: Effects of Nuclear Weapon Testing by the Soviet Union \u2013 Economic, social, and environmental impacts \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/general-overview-of-theeffects-of-nuclear-testing\/\" >GENERAL OVERVIEW OF THE EFFECTS OF NUCLEAR TESTING \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/slashdot.org\/story\/13\/08\/20\/1738213\/the-secret-effort-to-clean-up-a-former-soviet-nuclear-test-site\" >The Secret Effort To Clean Up a Former Soviet Nuclear Test Site \u2013 Slashdot.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/citeseerx.ist.psu.edu\/viewdoc\/summary?doi=10.1.1.543.8580\" >A Review of Nuclear Testing by the Soviet Union at Novaya, by Vitaly I. Khalturin , Tatyana G. Rautian , Paul G. Richards , and William S. Leith \u2013 CiteSeerX- PSU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1961\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-united-states-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >US performs nuclear test<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.onlinenevada.org\/articles\/nevada-test-site-overview\" >(atmospheric)<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nevada_Test_Site\" >Nevada Test Site<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Atmospheric Nuclear Testing at the Nevada Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.onlinenevada.org\/articles\/atmospheric-nuclear-testing-nevada-test-site\" >Atmospheric Nuclear Testing at the Nevada Site \u2013 onlinenevada.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Atmospheric\/High-altitude Nuclear Explosion Testing:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/High-altitude_nuclear_explosion\" >Atmospheric nuclear explosion \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/hane.html\" >High-altitude nuclear explosions, by Wm Robert Johnston \u2013 JohnstonsArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/history-of-nuclear-testing\/types-of-nuclear-weapons-tests\/\" >\u201c<em>Atmospheric testing refers to explosions which take place in the atmosphere<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 TYPES OF NUCLEA WEAPONS TESTS \u2013 CTBTO.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/zvis.com\/nuclear\/ndb\/usnuks.shtml\" >US Atmospheric Nuclear Test Page \u2013 Nuclear Weapons \u2013 Zvis.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Atmospheric Nuclear Tests of the United States and Radioactive Fallout:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.onlinenevada.org\/articles\/atmospheric-nuclear-testing-nevada-test-site\" >Atmospheric Nuclear Testing at the Nevada Site \u2013 OnlineNevada.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.abomb1.org\/atmosphr\/index.html\" >The Years of Atmospheric Testing 1945-1963 \u2013 Trinity Atomic Web Site \u2013 Abomb1.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/hane.html\" >High-altitude nuclear explosions \u2013 JohnstonArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gpo.gov\/fdsys\/pkg\/CHRG-105shrg44045\/pdf\/CHRG-105shrg44045.pdf\" >RADIOACTIVE FALLOUT FROM NUCLEAR TESTING AT NEVADA TEST SITE, 1950-60 \u2013 GPO.gov \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.publichealth.va.gov\/epidemiology\/studies\/cancer-mortality-nuclear-weapons-tests.asp\" >Cancer Mortality at the US Nuclear Weapons Tests \u2013 US Department of Veterans Affairs \u2013 VA.gov<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fmd-inc.org\/durbin\/interest\/Atomic%20Tests\/Atmospheric%20Nuclear%20Testing.htm\" >Atmospheric Nuclear Testing and The US Navy \u2013 A BILIOGRAPHY \u2013 FMD-INC.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nceh\/radiation\/fallout\/RF-GWT_home.htm\" >Feasibility Study of Weapons Testing Fallout \u2013 CDC.gov<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.radiochemistry.org\/history\/nuke_tests\/index.shtml\" >\u201c<em>Between 16 July 1945 and 23 September 1992 the United States of America conducted (by official count) 1054 nuclear tests, and two nuclear attacks\u2026.These pages focus principally (although not exclusively) on the period from 16 July 1945 to 4 November 1962, the era of atmospheric testing<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 RADIOCHEMISTORY SOCIETY \u2013 US NUCLEAR TESTS \u2013 Info Gallery \u2013 Radiochemistry.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theatlantic.com\/photo\/2011\/05\/when-we-tested-nuclear-bombs\/100061\/\" >When We Tested Nuclear Bombs, by Alan Taylor \u2013 May 06, 2011 \u2013 TheAtlantic.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.falloutradiation.com\/files\/JohnWayne.pdf\" >US ATMOSPHERIC NUCLEAR TESTING \u2013 The Connection Between John Wayne and Radioactive Fallout, and Other Tales, by Bruce W Church \u2013 October 22, 2000 \u2013 FalloutRadiation.com \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/boingboing.net\/2015\/06\/06\/marshall-islands-sues-9-superp.html\" >Marshall Islands, site of largest-ever U.S. nuclear weapons test, sues 9 superpowers including USA \u2013 June 6, 2015 \u2013 BoingDoing.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=wA8z94MXo9M\" >YouTube video (13 min. 49 sec.): Declassified US Nuclear Test Film #55<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=R7mBVfQlIj0\" >YouTube video (14 min. 35 sec.): High-altitude Atomic Tests \u2013 Operation Dominic parts 1-2 \u2013 1962<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Nuclear Weapons and the United States:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nuclear_weapons_and_the_United_States\" >Nuclear Weapons and the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/us\/2014\/231697.htm\" >Nuclear Weapons Testing: History, Progress, Challenges: Verifications and Entry into Force of the CTBT \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/avc\/rls\/202015.htm\" >US Nuclear Weapons Stockpile Life Extension Programs \u2013 January 3, 2013 \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/research\/articles\/2014\/04\/28-50-nuclear-facts\" >50 Facts About US Nuclear Weapons Today \u2013 April 28, 2014 \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/research\/lecture\/2012\/08\/the-future-of-the-us-nuclear-triad\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Program, by Michaela Dodge \u2013 The Heritage Foundation<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.armscontrol.org\/act\/1997_05\/nas\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Policy \u2013 Arms Control Association<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252183576_The_Future_of_the_U.S._Nuclear_Weapons_Program\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Program, by Linton F. Brooks \u2013 ResearchGate.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/us\/2014\/233254.htm\" >US Nuclear Weapons Policy in the 21<sup>st<\/sup> Century \u2013 Rose Gottemoeller, Under Secretary\u00a0for Arms Control and International Security, \u00a0Dixie State University, St. George, Utah \u2013 October 21, 2014 \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>US Nuclear Tests at Nevada Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_United_States\" >List of the nuclear weapons tests of the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nuclear_weapons_and_the_United_States\" >Nuclear Weapons and the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.atomcentral.com\/the-cold-war.aspx\" >The Cold War \u2013 AtomCentral.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fas.org\/nuke\/guide\/usa\/facility\/nts.htm\" >NEVADA TEST SITE \u2013 FAS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/wmd\/facility\/nts.htm\" >NEVADA TEST SITE \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.onlinenevada.org\/articles\/nevada-test-site-overview\" >Nevada Test Site Overview \u2013 OnlineNevada.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/about\/projects\/archive\/nucweapons\/nts\" >Nuclear testing at the Nevada Test Site \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/toxipedia.org\/display\/wanmec\/Nevada+Test+Site\" >Nevada Test Site \u2013 Toxipedia.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/digital.library.unlv.edu\/ntsohp\/\" >Nevada Test Site \u2013 Oral History Project<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/archure.net\/liberty\/nukenevada.html\" >NUKE TESTING in NEVADA \u2013 Archure.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nv.doe.gov\/library\/publications\/Environmental\/DOENV_11718_594.pdf\" >ECOLOGY OF THE NEVADA TEST SITE: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nevadatestsite.info\/\" >Nevada Test Site Workers Exposed to Radiation \u2013 National Cancer Benefits Center \u2013 NevadaTestSite.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/about\/projects\/archive\/nucweapons\/50\" >50 Facts About the US Nuclear Weapons \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Usa\/Tests\/\" >Gallery of US Nuclear Tests \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.acq.osd.mil\/ncbdp\/nm\/nm_book_5_11\/index.htm\" >The Nuclear Matters Handbook<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Ecological and Health Issues in and around the Nevada Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/cdclv.unlv.edu\/healthnv\/environment.html\" >Environment and the Quality of Life in Nevada \u2013 UNLV.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nv.doe.gov\/library\/publications\/Environmental\/DOENV_11718_594.pdf\" ><em>ECONLGOY OF THE NEVADA TEST SITE: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY WITH NARRATIVE SUMMARY, KEY WORD INDEX, AND SPECIES LISTS<\/em> \u2013 DOE\/NEV\/11718-594<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.osti.gov\/scitech\/biblio\/6458066\" ><em>Nevada Applied Ecology Information Center: a review of technical information support provided to the Nevada Applied Ecology Group<\/em> \u2013 Sci-Tech Connect<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/ecologycenter.org\/terrainmagazine\/summer-2002\/sovereignty-at-shoshone-mountain\/\" >\u201c<em>Between 1951 and 1992, the United States bombed its own soil with nuclear weapons \u2014 945 times. All but 17 of those explosions took place on a stretch of basin-and-range desert northwest of Las Vegas called the Nevada Test Site (NTS),\u2026<\/em>\u201d \u2013 Sovereignty at Shoshone Mountain \u2013 EcologyCenter.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.princeton.edu\/%7Eota\/disk1\/1989\/8909\/8909.PDF\" ><em>The Containment of Underground Nuclear Explosions<\/em> \u2013 Princeton.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nevadatestsite.info\/\" >Nevada Test Site Workers Exposed to Radiation \u2013 National Cancer Benefits Center<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1956\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Colo_%28gorilla%29\" >Colo<\/a>, the first <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gorilla\" >gorilla<\/a> to be bred in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Captivity_%28animal%29\" >captivity<\/a>, is born at the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Columbus_Zoo_and_Aquarium\" >Columbus Zoo and Aquarium<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ohio\" >Ohio<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1951\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Selangor_Labour_Party\" >Selangor Labour Party<\/a> is founded in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Selangor\" >Selangor<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Federation_of_Malaya\" >Malaya<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1947\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Constituent_assembly\" >Constituent Assembly<\/a> of Italy approves the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Constitution_of_Italy\" >Constitution of Italy<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1944\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vietnam_People%27s_Army\" >Vietnam People\u2019s Army<\/a> is formed to resist Japanese occupation of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indochina\" >Indochina<\/a>, now <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vietnam\" >Vietnam<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1944\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_the_Bulge\" >Battle of the Bulge<\/a> \u2013 <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nazi_Germany\" >German<\/a> troops demand the surrender of United States troops at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bastogne\" >Bastogne<\/a>, Belgium, prompting the famous one word reply by General <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anthony_McAuliffe\" >Anthony McAuliffe<\/a>: \u201cNuts!\u201d<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Battle of the Bulge:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/world-war-ii\/battle-of-the-bulge\" >BATTLE OF THE BULGE \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/militaryhistory.about.com\/od\/worldwarii\/p\/bulge.htm\" >World War II: Battle of the Bulge \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historynet.com\/battle-of-the-bulge\" >Battle of the Bulge \u2013 HistoryNet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.army.mil\/botb\/\" >Battle of the Bulge \u2013 Army.mil<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.u-s-history.com\/pages\/h1753.html\" >Battle of the Bulge \u2013 U-S-History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ushmm.org\/wlc\/en\/article.php?ModuleId=10006178\" >BATTLE OF THE BULGE \u2013 USHMM.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/wgbh\/americanexperience\/films\/bulge\/\" >BATTLE OF THE BULGE \u2013 AMERICAN EXPERIENCE \u2013 PBS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.army.mil\/books\/wwii\/7-8\/7-8_CONT.HTM\" >Book on the website: THE ARDENNES: BATTLE OF THE BULGE, by Hugh M. Cole \u2013 Army.mil<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1942\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Adolf_Hitler\" >Adolf Hitler<\/a> signs the order to develop the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/V-2_rocket\" >V-2 rocket<\/a> as a weapon.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>V-2 Rocket:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/militaryhistory.about.com\/od\/artillerysiegeweapons\/p\/v2rocket.htm\" >World War II: V-2 Rocket \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.geog.ucsb.edu\/%7Ejeff\/115a\/history\/v2.html\" >V-1 &amp; V-2 German Rockets \u2013 UCSB.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/ethw.org\/V1_and_V2_Rockets\" >V-1 &amp; V-2 Rockets \u2013 Engineering and Technology History Wiki \u2013 ETHW.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/V-2_rocket_facilities_of_World_War_II\" >V-2 rocket facilities of World War II \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.stelzriede.com\/ms\/html\/sub\/marshwvr.htm\" >The V Rockets \u2013 Stelzriede.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/hitlernews.cloudworth.com\/v2-rocket-von-braun.php\" >V2 Rocket \u2013 World War II in the News \u2013 Cloudworth.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyplace.com\/worldwar2\/timeline\/v1.htm\" >\u201c<em>The \u2018V\u2019 came from the German word Vergeltungswaffen, meaning weapons of reprisal. The V-1 was developed by German scientists at the Peenem\u00fcnde research facility on the Baltic Sea, under the direction of Wernher von Braun and Walter Dornberger\u2026 By September of 1944, however, the Nazis introduced the <\/em><strong><em>V-2<\/em><\/strong><em> rocket, a liquid-fueled rocket that traveled at supersonic speeds as high as 50 miles, then hurtled down toward its target at a speed of nearly 4,000 miles per hour, smashing its 2,000 pound high explosive warhead into the ground without warning. Unlike the V-1, the <\/em><strong><em>V-2<\/em><\/strong><em> rockets could not be intercepted. Over a thousand were fired at London<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 History Place \u2013 World War II in Europe \u2013 HistoryPlace.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1940\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Himar%C3%AB\" >Himar\u00eb<\/a> is captured by the Greek army.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1939\u00a0 <\/strong>Indian <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Islam\" >Muslims<\/a> observe a \u201c<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Day_of_Deliverance_%28India%29\" >Day of Deliverance<\/a>\u201d to celebrate the resignations of members of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indian_National_Congress\" >Indian National Congress<\/a> over their not having been consulted over the decision to enter <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_II\" >World War II<\/a> with the United Kingdom.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1937\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lincoln_Tunnel\" >Lincoln Tunnel<\/a> opens to traffic in New York City.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1920\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/GOELRO_plan\" >GOELRO economic development plan<\/a> is adopted by the 8th <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Congress_of_Soviets\" >Congress of Soviets of the Russian SFSR<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1891\u00a0 <\/strong>Asteroid <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/323_Brucia\" >323 Brucia<\/a> becomes the first asteroid discovered using photography.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>DECEMBER 23<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>2007\u00a0 <\/strong>An agreement is made for the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kingdom_of_Nepal\" >Kingdom of Nepal<\/a> to be abolished and the country to become a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Federal_republic\" >federal republic<\/a> with the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_Prime_Ministers_of_Nepal\" >Prime Minister<\/a> becoming head of state.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1990\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Slovenia\" >History of Slovenia<\/a>: In a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Slovenian_independence_referendum,_1990\" >referendum<\/a>, 88.5% of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Slovenia\" >Slovenia<\/a>\u2018s overall electorate vote for independence from <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yugoslavia\" >Yugoslavia<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Independence Movement of Slovenia in 1990:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/1990\/12\/23\/world\/slovenes-to-vote-on-independence.html\" >SLOVENES TO VOTE ON INDEPENDENCE, by Brenda Fowler \u2013 December 23, 1990 \u2013 The New York Times \u2013 NYTimes.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Slovenian_independence_referendum,_1990\" >Slovenian independence referendum, 1990 \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.on-the-matrix.com\/europe\/Slovenia.asp\" >\u201c<em>When the former Yugoslavia started to come unglued in the early 1990s, Slovenia was the first one out the door. They hit the ground running and have never looked back<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Slovenia \u2013 On the Matrix \u2013 On-The-Matrix.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Slovenia:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/geos\/si.html\" >Slovenia \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.un.org\/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=Slovenia\" >Slovenia \u2013 UN Data<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Slovenia\" >Slovenia \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/slovenia.html\" >Slovenia \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nationsonline.org\/oneworld\/slovenia.htm\" >Slovenia \u2013 NationsOnline.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-europe-17846376\" >Slovenia country profile \u2013 Overview \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Foreign Relations of Slovenia:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_Slovenia\" >Foreign relations of Slovenia \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mzz.gov.si\/en\" >SLOVENIA: MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/military\/world\/europe\/si-forrel.htm\" >Slovenia \u2013 Foreign Relations \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Slovenia%E2%80%93United_States_relations\" >Slovenia-United States relations \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/self.gutenberg.org\/article\/WHEBN0000027347\/Foreign%20relations%20of%20Slovenia\" >FOREIGN RELATIONS OF SLOVENIA \u2013 Self.Gutenberg.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/articles.latimes.com\/keyword\/slovenia-foreign-relations-europe\" >News Articles on the foreign relations of Slovenia \u2013 Los Angeles Times \u2013 LATimes.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of Slovenia:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Slovenia\" >History of Slovenia \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.slovenia.si\/slovenia\/history\/\" >Slovenia \u2013 History \u2013 Slovenia.si<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/slovenia\/history\" >Slovenia \u2013 History \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.destination360.com\/europe\/slovenia\/history\" >History of Slovenia \u2013 Destination360.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www2.arnes.si\/%7Ekrsrd1\/conference\/Speeches\/Granda_a_brief_history_of_slovenia.htm\" >A BRIEF HISTORY OF SLOVENIA, by Stane Granda \u2013 Arnes.si<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_Slovenian_history\" >Timeline of Slovenian history \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-europe-17847681\" >Slovenia profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Economy of Slovenia:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_Slovenia\" >Economy of Slovenia \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/finances.worldbank.org\/en\/countries\/Slovenia\" >Slovenia \u2013 Country Summary \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/slovenia\" >Slovenia \u2013 Data \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/slovenia\" >Slovenia \u2013 Index \u2013 THE HERITAGE FOUNDATION<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.slovenia.si\/business\/\" >Slovenia \u2013 Business \u2013 Slovenia.si<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of Yugoslavia and Its Break-up:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/hi\/english\/static\/map\/yugoslavia\/\" >\u201c<em>The shape of Yugoslavia has changed profoundly since its creation in 1945<\/em>\u201d \u2013 Yugoslavia \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yugoslavia\" >Yugoslavia \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.religioustolerance.org\/yugo_his.htm\" >A brief History of Yugoslavia \u2013 ReligiousTorrelance.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/yugoslavia-history.html\" >Yugoslavia \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/europeanhistory.about.com\/od\/thebalkansandturkey\/a\/Yugoslavia.htm\" >Yugoslavia, by Robert Wilde \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/geography.about.com\/od\/politicalgeography\/a\/fmryugoslavia.htm\" >The former Yugoslavia \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/didyouknow.org\/history\/yugoslavia\/\" >History of Yugoslavia \u2013 DidYouKnow.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fcnl.org\/resources\/newsletter\/jul99\/a_brief_history_of_yugoslavia\/\" >A Brief History of Yugoslavia \u2013 Friends Commission on National Legislation \u2013 FCNL.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1989-1992\/breakup-yugoslavia\" >The Breakup of Yugoslavia 1990-1992 \u2013 OFFICE of the HISTORIAN: US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Constitutions of the Federal People\u2019s Republic of Yugoslavia:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1946_Yugoslav_Constitution\" >1947 Constitution of Yugoslavia (Constitution of the Federal People\u2019s Republic of Yugoslavia of 1947) \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1953_Yugoslav_Constitution\" >1953 Constitution of Yugoslavia (Constitution of the Federal People\u2019s Republic of Yugoslavia of 1953) \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Constitution_of_the_Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia\" >Chronology \u2013 Constitution of Yugoslavia \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1982\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States_Environmental_Protection_Agency\" >United States Environmental Protection Agency<\/a> announces it has identified dangerous levels of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dioxins_and_dioxin-like_compounds\" >dioxin<\/a> in the soil of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Times_Beach,_Missouri\" >Times Beach, Missouri<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1979\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soviet_war_in_Afghanistan\" >Soviet war in Afghanistan<\/a>: Soviet Union forces occupy <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kabul\" >Kabul<\/a>, the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Afghanistan\" >Afghan<\/a> capital.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Soviet-Afghan War 1979 \u2013 1989:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soviet%E2%80%93Afghan_War\" >Soviet-Afghan War \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Afghan-War\" >\u201c<em>Afghan War, in the history of Afghanistan, the internal conflict (1978\u201392) between anticommunist Muslim guerrillas and the Afghan communist government (aided in 1979\u201389 by Soviet troops)<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Afghan War (1978-1992) \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Soviet-invasion-of-Afghanistan\" >Soviet invasion of Afghanistan: 1979 \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/afghanistan-war.html\" >Afghanistan War \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.fact-index.com\/s\/so\/soviet_invasion_of_afghanistan.html\" >Soviet invasion of Afghanistan \u2013 Fact-Index.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/afghanistan\/29.htm\" >COMMUNISM, REBELLIION, AND SOVIET INTERVENTION \u2013 Afghanistan \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/prezi.com\/u__-nvho8zdx\/the-soviet-afghan-war\/\" >The Soviet-Afghan war \u2013 Prezi.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.oocities.org\/h_marroquin\/Soviet-Afghanistan.html\" >AFGHANISTAN; IN DEFESE OF SOVIET MILITARY ACTION \u2013 OOCities.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.e-ir.info\/2010\/01\/03\/the-soviet-union%E2%80%99s-last-war\/\" >Why Did the Soviet Union Invade Afghanistan? , by Daryl Morini \u2013 Jan 3, 2010 \u2013 E-INTERNATIONAL RELATION STUDIES \u2013 E-IR.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.alternativeinsight.com\/Afghan_War.html\" >The Origins of the Soviet-Afghan War \u2013 AlternativeInsight.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/historyofrussia.org\/russian-invasion-of-afghanistan\/\" >RUSSIAN INVASION OF AFGHANISTAN, by Andy Young \u2013 HISTORY OF RUSSIA \u2013 HistoryOfRussia.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/newshour\/updates\/asia-july-dec06-soviet_10-10\/\" >The Soviet Occupation of Afghanistan \u2013 PBS News Hour \u2013 PBS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.thewashingtonreview.org\/articles\/the-kremlin-and-kabul-the-1979-soviet-invasion-of-afghanistan-in-retrospect.html\" >The Kremlin and Kabul: The 1979 Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan in Retrospect, by Charles J Sullivan \u2013 September 2011 \u2013 TheWashingtonReview.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.guidetorussia.com\/russia-afghanistan.asp\" >SOVIET INVASTION OF AFGHANISTAN \u2013 GuideToRussia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.afghan-web.com\/history\/chron\/index4.html\" >Chronological History of Afghanistan \u2013 Afghan-web.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Relations between Afghanistan and the Soviet Union:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Afghanistan%E2%80%93Russia_relations\" >\u201c<em>The Soviets began a major economic assistance program in Afghanistan in the 1950s. Between 1954 and 1978, Afghanistan received more than $1 billion in Soviet aid, including substantial military assistance. In 1973, the two countries announced a $200-million assistance agreement on gas and oil development, trade, transport, irrigation, and factory construction. Following the 1979 invasion, the Soviets augmented their large aid commitments to shore up the Afghan economy and rebuild the Afghan military. They provided the Karmal regime an unprecedented $800 million. The Soviet Union supported the Najibullah regime even after the withdrawal of Soviet troops in February 1989<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Afghanistan-Russia relations \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.academicroom.com\/article\/soviet-afghan-relations-cooperation-occupation\" >Soviet-Afghanistan Relations from Cooperation to Occupation, by Alam Payind \u2013 AcademcRoom.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.afghanchamber.com\/about\/FOREIGNRELATIONS.htm\" >Foreign Relations \u2013 Afghanistan \u2013 AfghanistanChamber.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sothebys.com\/en\/auctions\/ecatalogue\/2013\/travel-atlases-maps-natural-history-l13401\/lot.206.html\" >Afghanistan-Soviet relations \u2013 Sothebys.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Foreign Relations of Afghanistan:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_Afghanistan\" >Foreign relations of Afghanistan \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cfr.org\/region\/afghanistan\/ri218\" >Afghanistan \u2013 Council on Foreign Relations \u2013 CFR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/mfa.gov.af\/en\/page\/3883\" >Ministry of Foreign Affairs \u2013 Islamic Republic of Afghanistan<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.usip.org\/publications\/2015\/03\/04\/neutrality-in-afghanistan-s-foreign-policy\" >Neutrality in Afghanistan\u2019s Foreign Policy \u2013 United States Institute of Peace \u2013 USIP.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Afghanistan%E2%80%93United_States_relations\" >Afghanistan-United States relations \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/r\/pa\/ei\/bgn\/5380.htm\" >US Relations With Afghanistan \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/about\/programs\/foreign-policy\/afghanistan-index\" >Afghanistan Index \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nationsonline.org\/oneworld\/afghanistan.htm\" >Afghanistan \u2013 Country Profile \u2013 NationsOnline.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-south-asia-12011352\" >Afghanistan country profile \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Afghanistan and the United Nations:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.un.org\/news\/dh\/latest\/afghan\/un-afghan-history.shtml\" >Afghanistan &amp; the United Nations<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.afghanistan-un.org\/\" >Permanent Mission of Afghanistan to the United Nations in New York<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/mission-afghanistan.ch\/Mission\/index.php\" >Permanent Mission of Afghanistan to the United Nations Office and other international organizations in Geneva<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Afghanistan:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/geos\/af.html\" >AFGHANISTAN \u2013 WORLD FACTBOOK \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.un.org\/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=Afghanistan\" >Afghanistan \u2013 UN Data<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Afghanistan\" >Afghanistan \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/afghanistan.html\" >Afghanistan \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of Afghanistan:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Afghanistan\" >History of Afghanistan \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/afghanistan-history.html\" >Afghanistan \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.afghangovernment.com\/briefhistory.htm\" >A Brief History of Afghanistan: By Adam Ritscher \u2013 AfghanGovernment.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyworld.net\/wrldhis\/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=ad09\" >HISTORY OF AFGHANISTAN \u2013 HistoryWorld.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/afghanistan\/history\" >Afghanistan \u2013 History \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/asianhistory.about.com\/od\/afghanista1\/p\/ProfAfghanistan.htm\" >Afghanistan | Facts and History \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/newshour\/updates\/asia-jan-june11-timeline-afghanistan\/\" >A Historical Timeline of Afghanistan \u2013 PBS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.afghan-web.com\/history\/chron\/index.html\" >Chronological History of Afghanistan \u2013 Afghan-Web.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-south-asia-12024253\" >Afghanistan profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Economy of Afghanistan:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_Afghanistan\" >Economy of Afghanistan \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/country\/afghanistan\" >Afghanistan \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/afghanistan\" >Afghanistan \u2013 Data \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.adb.org\/countries\/afghanistan\/economy\" >Afghanistan: Economy \u2013 Asian Development Bank \u2013 ADB.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/afghanistan\" >Afghanistan \u2013 Index \u2013 THE HERITAGE FOUNDATION<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/afghanistan-economy.html\" >Afghanistan \u2013 Economy \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.afghanistans.com\/Information\/Economy\/default.htm\" >Afghanistan \u2013 Economy \u2013 Afghanistan\u2019s Economy<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1979\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1979_Soviet_nuclear_tests\" >(underground)<\/a> at Eastern Kazakh\/<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Semipalatinsk_Test_Site\" >Semipalatinsk<\/a> USSR.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>USSR Nuclear Tests in 1979:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1979_Soviet_nuclear_tests\" >1979 Soviet nuclear tests &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>USSR\u2019s Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovwpnprog.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/tests\/USSR-ntestsS.html\" >Database of nuclear tests, USSR\/Russia: overview \u2013 JohnstonArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Effect and\/or Impact of Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/page-3-effects-of-nuclear-weapon-testing-by-the-soviet-union\/\" >Page 3: Effects of Nuclear Weapon Testing by the Soviet Union \u2013 Economic, social, and environmental impacts \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/general-overview-of-theeffects-of-nuclear-testing\/\" >GENERAL OVERVIEW OF THE EFFECTS OF NUCLEAR TESTING \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/slashdot.org\/story\/13\/08\/20\/1738213\/the-secret-effort-to-clean-up-a-former-soviet-nuclear-test-site\" >The Secret Effort To Clean Up a Former Soviet Nuclear Test Site \u2013 Slashdot.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/citeseerx.ist.psu.edu\/viewdoc\/summary?doi=10.1.1.543.8580\" >A Review of Nuclear Testing by the Soviet Union at Novaya, by Vitaly I. Khalturin , Tatyana G. Rautian , Paul G. Richards , and William S. Leith \u2013 CiteSeerX- PSU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Underground Nuclear Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tightflash.org\/all_911\/third_truth\/nuclear_demolition_basic\/USGSOFR01312.pdf\" >The Containment of Soviet Underground Nuclear Explosions, by Vitaly V. Adshkin, and William Leith \u2013 OPEN FILE REPROT 01-312, September 2001 \u2013 US DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/srl.geoscienceworld.org\/content\/86\/2A\/451.full.pdf\" >Political Seismology or Seismological Politics: Natural Resources Defense Council \u2013 USSR Experiments in Underground Nuclear Test Verification, by Anna Amramina<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2013\/02\/11\/world\/asia\/north-korea-underground-explosion-explainer\/index.html\" >What happens with an underground nuclear test? , by Kevin Voigt \u2013 February 19, 2013 \u2013 CNN<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nnsa.energy.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/nv_sweis\/environmentalimpact\/v2\/Appendix%20H.pdf\" >APPENDIX H \u2013 UNDERGROUND NUCLEAR TESTING<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/gajitz.com\/buried-history-underground-nuclear-weapons-tests\/\" >Buried History: Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 GAJITZ.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theblogbelow.com\/2008\/07\/underground-nuclear-test.html\" >Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 TheBlogBelow.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ldeo.columbia.edu\/res\/pi\/Monitoring\/Arch\/BRV_arch_exp.html\" >Borovoye Archive Data from Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 Columbia.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/of\/1993\/0501\/report.pdf\" >Physical Environment of the Underground Nuclear Test Site on Novaya Zemlya, Russia, by John R. Matzko \u2013 Open-File Report 93-501- Reston, Virginia \u2013 1993 \u2013 THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOGRAPHICAL SURVEY<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.boston.com\/bigpicture\/2009\/11\/kazakhstans_radioactive_legacy.html\" >Kazakhstan\u2019s radioactive legacy \u2013 Boston.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/wn.com\/semipalatinsk_test_site\" >\u201cMy home: nuclear base Semipalatinsk \u2013 21\u201d, Episode 02 \u201cMain Testing Field\u201d (Video: 3 min. 14 sec.) \u2013 WN.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/soviet_nuclear_testing_semipalatinsk_20th_anniversary\/24311518.html\" >Slow Death In Kazakhstan\u2019s Land Of Nuclear Tests \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/carlwillis.wordpress.com\/2012\/08\/13\/visit-to-the-semipalatinsk-nuclear-test-site\/\" >Visit to the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 SPEICAL NUCLEAR MATERIAL<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www-ns.iaea.org\/appraisals\/semipalatinsk.asp\" >The Semipalatinsk Test Site, Kazakhstan \u2013 IAEA.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nti.org\/facilities\/732\/\" >Semipalatinsk Test Site \u2013 NTI.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/io9.com\/5988266\/the-tragic-story-of-the-semipalatinsk-nuclear-test-site\" >The Tragic Story of the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site, by Vincze Mikl\u00f3s \u2013 io9.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/Sixty_Years_After_First_Soviet_Nuclear_Test_Legacy_Of_Misery_Lives_On\/1809712.html\" >60 Years After First Soviet Nuclear Test, Legacy Of Misery Lives On In Kazakhstan \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty \u2013 Monday, August 10, 2015 \u2013 RFERL.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/2\/hi\/8236431.stm\" >Soviet nuclear tests leave Kazakh fallout \u2013 Sunday, 6 September 2009 \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/wp-dyn\/content\/story\/2010\/02\/24\/ST2010022403314.html?sid=ST2010022403314\" >In Kazakhstan, the race for uranium goes nuclear, by Philip P. Pan \u2013 Thursday, February 25, 2005 \u2013 The Washington Post<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclearno.com\/text.asp?17456\" >Secrets of Semipalatinsk: How nuclear theft was averted in Central Asia \u2013 NuclearNo.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/listverse.com\/2012\/05\/15\/top-10-nuclear-test-sites\/\" >Top 10 Nuclear Test Sites, Michael Affleck, May 15, 2012 \u2013 Our World \u2013 ListVerse.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Health, and Ecological Issues in Kazakhstan\/Semipalatinsk:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/reference.allrefer.com\/country-guide-study\/kazakhstan\/kazakhstan17.html\" >Kazakstan\/Kazakhstan \u2013 Environmental Problems \u2013 Reference.AllRefer.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclear-risks.org\/fileadmin\/user_upload\/pdfs\/HBWW_EN\/Semipalatinsk_EN_web.pdf\" >\u201cIn Semipalatinsk, the local population was exposed to high levels of radioactivity from nuclear weapon tests for several decades\u2026\u201d \u2013 Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: Nuclear test site \u2013 Nuclear-Risk.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/large.stanford.edu\/courses\/2014\/ph241\/powell2\/docs\/vakulchuk.pdf\" >Semipalatinsk nuclear testing: the humanitarian consequences \u2013 Norwegian Institute of International Affairs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclearfiles.org\/menu\/key-issues\/nuclear-weapons\/issues\/testing\/PDFs\/JC-143920%5B1%5D.pdf\" >Radionuclide Contamination at Kazakhstan\u2019s Semipalatinsk Test Site Implications on Human and Ecological Heath, by T.M. Carlsen, L.E. Peterson, B.A. Ulsh, C.A. Werner, K.L.Purvis, A.C. Sharber<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.irpa.net\/irpa10\/cdrom\/00504.pdf\" >Radiation Exposure on Residents due to Semipalatinsk Nuclear Tests \u2013 IRPA.net<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nukefreetexas.org\/downloads\/plutominum_uranium_semipalatinsk_test_site.pdf\" >Plutonium and Uranium in Human Bones from Areas surrounding the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 NukeFreeTexas.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.csmonitor.com\/World\/Asia-South-Central\/2013\/0828\/Secrets-of-Semipalatinsk-How-nuclear-theft-was-averted-in-Central-Asia\" >\u201cTheir research done on sample villages near the test site found cancer mortality rates 2-1\/2 times greater than those in a control village. The agency says some 356,000 people face radiation risk, with 70 percent of those being descendants of exposed villagers\u2026\u201d \u2013 Secrets of Semipalatinsk: How nuclear theft was averted in Central Asia \u2013 The Christian Science Monitor<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/cajgh.pitt.edu\/ojs\/index.php\/cajgh\/article\/view\/127\/0\" >Studies of Health Effects from Nuclear Testing near the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site Kazakhstan, by Bernd Grosche, Tamara Zhunussova, Kazbek Apsalikov, Ausrele Kesminiene<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.idosi.org\/wasj\/wasj23%285%2913\/19.pdf\" >Information Report on Biological Studies Conducted At the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 IDOSI.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1972\u00a0 <\/strong>The 16 survivors of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1972_Andes_flight_disaster\" >Andes flight disaster<\/a> are rescued after 73 days, having survived by cannibalism.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1972\u00a0 <\/strong>An <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1972_Nicaragua_earthquake\" >earthquake of 6.5 magnitude<\/a> strikes the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nicaragua\" >Nicaraguan<\/a> capital of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Managua\" >Managua<\/a> killing more than 10,000.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1970\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo\" >Democratic Republic of the Congo<\/a> officially becomes a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Single-party_state\" >single-party state<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Democratic Republic of the Congo:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ciaworldfactbook.us\/africa\/democratic-republic-of-the-congo.html\" >CONGO, Democratic Republic of the \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.un.org\/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=Democratic+Republic+of+the+Congo\" >Democratic Republic of the Congo \u2013 UN Data<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/democratic-republic-of-congo.html\" >Congo, Democratic Republic of the, \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalissues.org\/article\/87\/the-democratic-republic-of-congo\" >Democratic Republic of Congo by Anup Shah \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-13283212\" >Democratic Republic of Congo country profile \u2013 Overview \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of the Democratic Republic of the Congo:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo\" >History of the Democratic Republic of the Congo \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyworld.net\/wrldhis\/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=ad34\" >THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO \u2013 HistoryWorld.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/democratic-republic-of-congo\/history\" >Democratic Republic of Congo \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/worldatwar.net\/chandelle\/v2\/v2n3\/congo.html\" >Heart of Darkness: the Tragedy of the Congo, 1960-67 \u2013 WorldAtWar.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-13286306\" >Democratic Republic of Congo profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Human Rights in the Democratic Republic of the Congo:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/Countries\/AfricaRegion\/Pages\/CDIndex.aspx\" >Democratic Republic of the Congo \u2013 Human Rights \u2013 Office of the High Commissioner \u2013 OHCHR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/africa\/democratic-republic-congo\" >Democratic Republic of Congo \u2013 Human Rights Watch<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Human_rights_in_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo\" >Human rights in the Democratic Republic of the Congo \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.amnestyusa.org\/our-work\/countries\/africa\/democratic-republic-of-congo\" >Democratic Republic of Congo \u2013 Human Rights \u2013 Amnesty International<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Economy of the Democratic Republic of the Congo:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/country\/drc\" >Democratic Republic of the Congo \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/congo-dem-rep\" >Congo, Dem. Rep. \u2013 Data \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo\" >Economy of the Democratic Republic of the Congo \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/congo-democratic-republic-the-economy.html\" >Congo, Democratic Republic of the, \u2013 Economy \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/democraticrepubliccongo\" >Democratic Republic of Congo \u2013 Index \u2013 THE HERITAGE FOUNDATION<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.our-africa.org\/democratic-republic-of-congo\/economy-industry\" >DP Congo \u2013 Economy and Industry \u2013 Our Africa \u2013 Our-Africa.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.factts.com\/poorest-country\/\" >\u201c<em>Democratic Republic of the Congo is the world\u2019s poorest country\u00a0according to the data gathered by the International Monetary Fund, World Bank, and CIA World Factbook. The wealth of a country is measured by GDP per capita<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Democratic Republic of the Congo is the world poorest country. \u2013 May 10, 2012 \u2013 Factbook \u2013 Factts.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1970\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Underground_nuclear_weapons_testing\" >underground nuclear test<\/a> at Mangystau, Kazakhstan.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>USSR Nuclear Tests in 1970:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1970_Soviet_nuclear_tests\" >1970 Soviet nuclear tests \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Mangystau:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mangystau_Region\" >Mangystau Region \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/aboutkazakhstan.com\/mangystau-oblast\" >Mangystau (Mangistau) oblast, Kazakhstan \u2013 AboutKazakhstan.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>USSR\u2019s Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovwpnprog.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/tests\/USSR-ntestsS.html\" >Database of nuclear tests, USSR\/Russia: overview \u2013 JohnstonArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Effect and\/or Impact of Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/page-3-effects-of-nuclear-weapon-testing-by-the-soviet-union\/\" >Page 3: Effects of Nuclear Weapon Testing by the Soviet Union \u2013 Economic, social, and environmental impacts \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/general-overview-of-theeffects-of-nuclear-testing\/\" >GENERAL OVERVIEW OF THE EFFECTS OF NUCLEAR TESTING \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/slashdot.org\/story\/13\/08\/20\/1738213\/the-secret-effort-to-clean-up-a-former-soviet-nuclear-test-site\" >The Secret Effort To Clean Up a Former Soviet Nuclear Test Site \u2013 Slashdot.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/citeseerx.ist.psu.edu\/viewdoc\/summary?doi=10.1.1.543.8580\" >A Review of Nuclear Testing by the Soviet Union at Novaya, by Vitaly I. Khalturin , Tatyana G. Rautian , Paul G. Richards , and William S. Leith \u2013 CiteSeerX- PSU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Underground Nuclear Tests:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tightflash.org\/all_911\/third_truth\/nuclear_demolition_basic\/USGSOFR01312.pdf\" >The Containment of Soviet Underground Nuclear Explosions, by Vitaly V. Adshkin, and William Leith \u2013 OPEN FILE REPROT 01-312, September 2001 \u2013 US DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/srl.geoscienceworld.org\/content\/86\/2A\/451.full.pdf\" >Political Seismology or Seismological Politics: Natural Resources Defense Council \u2013 USSR Experiments in Underground Nuclear Test Verification, by Anna Amramina<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2013\/02\/11\/world\/asia\/north-korea-underground-explosion-explainer\/index.html\" >What happens with an underground nuclear test? , by Kevin Voigt \u2013 February 19, 2013 \u2013 CNN<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nnsa.energy.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/nv_sweis\/environmentalimpact\/v2\/Appendix%20H.pdf\" >APPENDIX H \u2013 UNDERGROUND NUCLEAR TESTING<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/gajitz.com\/buried-history-underground-nuclear-weapons-tests\/\" >Buried History: Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 GAJITZ.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theblogbelow.com\/2008\/07\/underground-nuclear-test.html\" >Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 TheBlogBelow.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ldeo.columbia.edu\/res\/pi\/Monitoring\/Arch\/BRV_arch_exp.html\" >Borovoye Archive Data from Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 Columbia.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/of\/1993\/0501\/report.pdf\" >Physical Environment of the Underground Nuclear Test Site on Novaya Zemlya, Russia, by John R. Matzko \u2013 Open-File Report 93-501- Reston, Virginia \u2013 1993 \u2013 THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOGRAPHICAL SURVEY<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1970\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_tenants_in_One_World_Trade_Center\" >North Tower<\/a> of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_Trade_Center_%281973%E2%80%932001%29\" >World Trade Center<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Manhattan\" >Manhattan<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/New_York_City\" >New York, New York<\/a> is topped out at 1,368 feet (417\u00a0m), making it the tallest building in the world.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1968\u00a0 <\/strong>The 82 sailors from the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/USS_Pueblo_%28AGER-2%29\" >USS\u00a0<em>Pueblo<\/em><\/a> are released after eleven months of internment in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/North_Korea\" >North Korea<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1958\u00a0 <\/strong>Dedication of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tokyo_Tower\" >Tokyo Tower<\/a>, the world\u2019s highest self-supporting iron tower.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1954\u00a0 <\/strong>First successful <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kidney_transplantation\" >kidney transplant<\/a> is performed by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/J._Hartwell_Harrison\" >J. Hartwell Harrison<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Joseph_Murray\" >Joseph Murray<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1948\u00a0 <\/strong>Seven <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Empire_of_Japan\" >Japanese<\/a> convicted of war crimes by the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/International_Military_Tribunal_for_the_Far_East\" >International Military Tribunal for the Far East<\/a> are executed at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sugamo_Prison\" >Sugamo Prison<\/a> in Tokyo, Japan.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1947\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Transistor\" >transistor<\/a> is first demonstrated at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bell_Labs\" >Bell Laboratories<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1941\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: After <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Wake_Island\" >15 days of fighting<\/a>, the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Imperial_Japanese_Army\" >Imperial Japanese Army<\/a> occupies <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wake_Island\" >Wake Island<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1940\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_II\" >World War II<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Greek_submarine_Papanikolis_%28Y-2%29\" >Greek submarine Papanikolis (Y-2)<\/a> sinks the Italian motor ship <em>Antonietta<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1938\u00a0 <\/strong>Discovery of the first modern <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Coelacanth\" >coelacanth<\/a> in South Africa.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1936\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Colombia\" >Colombia<\/a> becomes a signatory to the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Buenos_Aires_Convention\" >Buenos Aires<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Copyright\" >copyright<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Treaty\" >treaty<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1921\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Visva-Bharati_University\" >Visva-Bharati University<\/a> is inaugurated.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1919\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sex_Disqualification_%28Removal%29_Act_1919\" >Sex Disqualification (Removal) Act 1919<\/a> becomes law in the United Kingdom.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1916\u00a0 <\/strong>World War I: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Magdhaba\" >Battle of Magdhaba<\/a> \u2013 <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Allies_of_World_War_I\" >Allied<\/a> forces defeat <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ottoman_Empire\" >Turkish<\/a> forces in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Egypt\" >Egypt<\/a>\u2018s <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sinai_Peninsula\" >Sinai Peninsula<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1914\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_I\" >World War I<\/a>: Australian and New Zealand troops arrive in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cairo\" >Cairo<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Egypt\" >Egypt<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1913\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Federal_Reserve_Act\" >Federal Reserve Act<\/a> is signed into law by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/President_of_the_United_States\" >President<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Woodrow_Wilson\" >Woodrow Wilson<\/a>, creating the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Federal_Reserve_System\" >Federal Reserve System<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1893\u00a0 <\/strong>The opera <em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hansel_and_Gretel_%28opera%29\" >Hansel and Gretel<\/a><\/em> by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Engelbert_Humperdinck_%28composer%29\" >Engelbert Humperdinck<\/a> is first performed.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1876\u00a0 <\/strong>First day of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Constantinople_Conference\" >Constantinople Conference<\/a> which resulted in agreement for political reforms in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Balkans\" >Balkans<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1823\u00a0 <\/strong><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/A_Visit_from_St._Nicholas\" >A Visit from St. Nicholas<\/a><\/em>, also known as <em>The Night Before Christmas<\/em>, is published anonymously.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1793\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Savenay\" >Battle of Savenay<\/a>: a decisive defeat of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/House_of_Bourbon\" >royalist<\/a> counter-revolutionaries in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/War_in_the_Vend%C3%A9e\" >War in the Vend\u00e9e<\/a> during the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/French_Revolution\" >French Revolution<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>DECEMBER 24<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>2008\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lord%27s_Resistance_Army\" >Lord\u2019s Resistance Army<\/a>, a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Uganda\" >Ugandan<\/a> rebel group, begins a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2008_Christmas_massacres\" >series of attacks<\/a> on <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo\" >Democratic Republic of the Congo<\/a>, massacring more than 400.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2005\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chad%E2%80%93Sudan_relations\" >Chad\u2013Sudan relations<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chad\" >Chad<\/a> declares a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Declaration_of_war\" >state of war<\/a> against <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sudan\" >Sudan<\/a> following a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/December_18\" >December 18<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Adr%C3%A9\" >attack on Adr\u00e9<\/a>, which left about 100 people dead.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2003\u00a0 <\/strong>The Spanish police thwart an attempt by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ETA_%28separatist_group%29\" >ETA<\/a> to detonate 50\u00a0kg of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Explosive_material\" >explosives<\/a> at 3:55\u00a0p.m. inside <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Madrid\" >Madrid<\/a>\u2018s busy <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Madrid_Chamart%C3%ADn_railway_station\" >Chamart\u00edn Station<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1999\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indian_Airlines_Flight_814\" >Indian Airlines Flight 814<\/a> hijacked in Indian airspace between <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kathmandu\" >Kathmandu<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nepal\" >Nepal<\/a>, and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Delhi\" >Delhi<\/a>, India; aircraft eventually landed at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kandahar\" >Kandahar<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Afghanistan\" >Afghanistan<\/a>. Ordeal ended on <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/December_31\" >December 31<\/a> with the release of 190 survivors (one passenger killed).<\/p>\n<p><strong>1997\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sid_El-Antri_massacre\" >Sid El-Antri massacre<\/a> (or Sidi Lamri) in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Algeria\" >Algeria<\/a> kills 50\u2013100 people.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Sid El-Antri Massacre of 1997:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sid_El-Antri_massacre\" >Sid El-Antri massacre &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_massacres_in_Algeria\" >List of massacres in Algeria &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1994 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Air_France_Flight_8969\" >Air France Flight 8969<\/a> is hijacked on the ground at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Houari_Boumediene_Airport\" >Houari Boumediene Airport<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Algiers,_Algeria\" >Algiers, Algeria<\/a>. Over the course of three days three passengers are killed, as are all four terrorists.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1981<\/strong><strong>\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> at Eastern Kazakh\/<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Semipalatinsk_Test_Site\" >Semipalatinsk<\/a> USSR.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>USSR Nuclear Tests in 1981:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1981_Soviet_nuclear_tests\" >1981 Soviet nuclear tests &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>USSR\u2019s Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovwpnprog.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/tests\/USSR-ntestsS.html\" >Database of nuclear tests, USSR\/Russia: overview \u2013 JohnstonArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Effect and\/or Impact of Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/page-3-effects-of-nuclear-weapon-testing-by-the-soviet-union\/\" >Page 3: Effects of Nuclear Weapon Testing by the Soviet Union \u2013 Economic, social, and environmental impacts \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/general-overview-of-theeffects-of-nuclear-testing\/\" >GENERAL OVERVIEW OF THE EFFECTS OF NUCLEAR TESTING \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/slashdot.org\/story\/13\/08\/20\/1738213\/the-secret-effort-to-clean-up-a-former-soviet-nuclear-test-site\" >The Secret Effort To Clean Up a Former Soviet Nuclear Test Site \u2013 Slashdot.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/citeseerx.ist.psu.edu\/viewdoc\/summary?doi=10.1.1.543.8580\" >A Review of Nuclear Testing by the Soviet Union at Novaya, by Vitaly I. Khalturin , Tatyana G. Rautian , Paul G. Richards , and William S. Leith \u2013 CiteSeerX- PSU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Underground Nuclear Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tightflash.org\/all_911\/third_truth\/nuclear_demolition_basic\/USGSOFR01312.pdf\" >The Containment of Soviet Underground Nuclear Explosions, by Vitaly V. Adshkin, and William Leith \u2013 OPEN FILE REPROT 01-312, September 2001 \u2013 US DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/srl.geoscienceworld.org\/content\/86\/2A\/451.full.pdf\" >Political Seismology or Seismological Politics: Natural Resources Defense Council \u2013 USSR Experiments in Underground Nuclear Test Verification, by Anna Amramina<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2013\/02\/11\/world\/asia\/north-korea-underground-explosion-explainer\/index.html\" >What happens with an underground nuclear test? , by Kevin Voigt \u2013 February 19, 2013 \u2013 CNN<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nnsa.energy.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/nv_sweis\/environmentalimpact\/v2\/Appendix%20H.pdf\" >APPENDIX H \u2013 UNDERGROUND NUCLEAR TESTING<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/gajitz.com\/buried-history-underground-nuclear-weapons-tests\/\" >Buried History: Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 GAJITZ.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theblogbelow.com\/2008\/07\/underground-nuclear-test.html\" >Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 TheBlogBelow.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ldeo.columbia.edu\/res\/pi\/Monitoring\/Arch\/BRV_arch_exp.html\" >Borovoye Archive Data from Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 Columbia.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/of\/1993\/0501\/report.pdf\" >Physical Environment of the Underground Nuclear Test Site on Novaya Zemlya, Russia, by John R. Matzko \u2013 Open-File Report 93-501- Reston, Virginia \u2013 1993 \u2013 THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOGRAPHICAL SURVEY<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.boston.com\/bigpicture\/2009\/11\/kazakhstans_radioactive_legacy.html\" >Kazakhstan\u2019s radioactive legacy \u2013 Boston.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/wn.com\/semipalatinsk_test_site\" >\u201cMy home: nuclear base Semipalatinsk \u2013 21\u201d, Episode 02 \u201cMain Testing Field\u201d (Video: 3 min. 14 sec.) \u2013 WN.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/soviet_nuclear_testing_semipalatinsk_20th_anniversary\/24311518.html\" >Slow Death In Kazakhstan\u2019s Land Of Nuclear Tests \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/carlwillis.wordpress.com\/2012\/08\/13\/visit-to-the-semipalatinsk-nuclear-test-site\/\" >Visit to the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 SPEICAL NUCLEAR MATERIAL<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www-ns.iaea.org\/appraisals\/semipalatinsk.asp\" >The Semipalatinsk Test Site, Kazakhstan \u2013 IAEA.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nti.org\/facilities\/732\/\" >Semipalatinsk Test Site \u2013 NTI.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/io9.com\/5988266\/the-tragic-story-of-the-semipalatinsk-nuclear-test-site\" >The Tragic Story of the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site, by Vincze Mikl\u00f3s \u2013 io9.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/Sixty_Years_After_First_Soviet_Nuclear_Test_Legacy_Of_Misery_Lives_On\/1809712.html\" >60 Years After First Soviet Nuclear Test, Legacy Of Misery Lives On In Kazakhstan \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty \u2013 Monday, August 10, 2015 \u2013 RFERL.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/2\/hi\/8236431.stm\" >Soviet nuclear tests leave Kazakh fallout \u2013 Sunday, 6 September 2009 \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/wp-dyn\/content\/story\/2010\/02\/24\/ST2010022403314.html?sid=ST2010022403314\" >In Kazakhstan, the race for uranium goes nuclear, by Philip P. Pan \u2013 Thursday, February 25, 2005 \u2013 The Washington Post<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclearno.com\/text.asp?17456\" >Secrets of Semipalatinsk: How nuclear theft was averted in Central Asia \u2013 NuclearNo.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/listverse.com\/2012\/05\/15\/top-10-nuclear-test-sites\/\" >Top 10 Nuclear Test Sites, Michael Affleck, May 15, 2012 \u2013 Our World \u2013 ListVerse.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Health, and Ecological Issues in Kazakhstan\/Semipalatinsk:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/reference.allrefer.com\/country-guide-study\/kazakhstan\/kazakhstan17.html\" >Kazakstan\/Kazakhstan \u2013 Environmental Problems \u2013 Reference.AllRefer.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclear-risks.org\/fileadmin\/user_upload\/pdfs\/HBWW_EN\/Semipalatinsk_EN_web.pdf\" >\u201cIn Semipalatinsk, the local population was exposed to high levels of radioactivity from nuclear weapon tests for several decades\u2026\u201d \u2013 Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: Nuclear test site \u2013 Nuclear-Risk.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/large.stanford.edu\/courses\/2014\/ph241\/powell2\/docs\/vakulchuk.pdf\" >Semipalatinsk nuclear testing: the humanitarian consequences \u2013 Norwegian Institute of International Affairs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclearfiles.org\/menu\/key-issues\/nuclear-weapons\/issues\/testing\/PDFs\/JC-143920%5B1%5D.pdf\" >Radionuclide Contamination at Kazakhstan\u2019s Semipalatinsk Test Site Implications on Human and Ecological Heath, by T.M. Carlsen, L.E. Peterson, B.A. Ulsh, C.A. Werner, K.L.Purvis, A.C. Sharber<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.irpa.net\/irpa10\/cdrom\/00504.pdf\" >Radiation Exposure on Residents due to Semipalatinsk Nuclear Tests \u2013 IRPA.net<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nukefreetexas.org\/downloads\/plutominum_uranium_semipalatinsk_test_site.pdf\" >Plutonium and Uranium in Human Bones from Areas surrounding the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 NukeFreeTexas.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.csmonitor.com\/World\/Asia-South-Central\/2013\/0828\/Secrets-of-Semipalatinsk-How-nuclear-theft-was-averted-in-Central-Asia\" >\u201cTheir research done on sample villages near the test site found cancer mortality rates 2-1\/2 times greater than those in a control village. The agency says some 356,000 people face radiation risk, with 70 percent of those being descendants of exposed villagers\u2026\u201d \u2013 Secrets of Semipalatinsk: How nuclear theft was averted in Central Asia \u2013 The Christian Science Monitor<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/cajgh.pitt.edu\/ojs\/index.php\/cajgh\/article\/view\/127\/0\" >Studies of Health Effects from Nuclear Testing near the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site Kazakhstan, by Bernd Grosche, Tamara Zhunussova, Kazbek Apsalikov, Ausrele Kesminiene<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.idosi.org\/wasj\/wasj23%285%2913\/19.pdf\" >Information Report on Biological Studies Conducted At the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 IDOSI.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/europepmc.org\/articles\/PMC3866702\" >Mortality from Cardiovascular Disease in the Semipalatinsk Historical Cohort, 1960 \u2013 1999, and its Relationship to Radiation Exposure \u2013 Europe PubMed Central<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1980\u00a0 <\/strong>Witnesses report the first of several sightings of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rendlesham_Forest_incident\" >unexplained lights<\/a> near <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/RAF_Woodbridge\" >RAF Woodbridge<\/a>, in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rendlesham_Forest\" >Rendlesham Forest<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Suffolk\" >Suffolk<\/a>, England, United Kingdom, an incident called \u201cBritain\u2019s <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Roswell_UFO_incident\" >Roswell<\/a>\u201c.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1979\u00a0 <\/strong>The first European <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ariane_%28rocket_family%29\" >Ariane<\/a> rocket is launched.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1973\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/District_of_Columbia_Home_Rule_Act\" >District of Columbia Home Rule Act<\/a> is passed, allowing residents of Washington, D.C. to elect their own local government.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1969\u00a0 <\/strong>Nigerian troops capture <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Umuahia\" >Umuahia<\/a>, the last <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Biafra\" >Biafran<\/a> capital before its dissolution became <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Owerri\" >Owerri<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>1969\u00a0 <\/strong>The oil company <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Phillips_Petroleum\" >Phillips Petroleum<\/a> made the first <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Oil\" >oil<\/a> discovery in the Norwegian sector of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/North_Sea\" >North Sea<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1968\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Apollo_program\" >Apollo program<\/a>: The crew of <em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Apollo_8\" >Apollo 8<\/a><\/em> enters into orbit around the Moon, becoming the first humans to do so. They performed ten lunar orbits and broadcast live TV pictures.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1966\u00a0 <\/strong>A <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Canadair_CL-44\" >Canadair CL-44<\/a> chartered by the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States_Armed_Forces\" >United States military<\/a> crashes into a small village in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/South_Vietnam\" >South Vietnam<\/a>, killing 129.<\/p>\n<p><strong>196<\/strong><strong>4\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vietnam_War\" >Vietnam War<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Viet_Cong\" >Viet Cong<\/a> operatives <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1964_Brinks_Hotel_bombing\" >bomb the Brinks Hotel<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ho_Chi_Minh_City\" >Saigon<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/South_Vietnam\" >South Vietnam<\/a> to demonstrate they can strike an American installation in the heavily guarded capital.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Vietnam War in 1964:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1964_in_the_Vietnam_War\" >1964 in the Vietnam War \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyplace.com\/unitedstates\/vietnam\/index-1961.html\" >The Vietnam War \u2013 America commits 1961-1964 \u2013 historyplace.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.authentichistory.com\/1961-1974\/4-vietnam\/1-overview\/4-1964-1968\/\" >Vietnam War Overview Part 4: 1964-1968 \u2013 authentichistory.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vietnam_War#Johnson.27s_escalation.2C_1963.E2.80.9369\" >Johnson\u2019s escalation 1963-69 \u2013 Vietnam War \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1961-1968\/gulf-of-tonkin\" >US Involvement of the Vietnam War: the Gulf of Tonkin and the Escalation, 1964 \u2013 OFFICE of the Historian \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/battlefieldvietnam\/timeline\/index.html\" >Battle Field \u2013 Vietnam War \u2013 Timeline: 1954-1964 \u2013 pbs.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Viet Cong:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Viet_Cong#History\" >History \u2013 Viet Cong \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Viet-Cong\" >Viet Cong (VC) \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/asianhistory.about.com\/od\/glossarytz\/g\/VietCongGlos.htm\" >The Viet Cong \u2013 About education \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/battlefieldvietnam\/guerrilla\/index.html\" >The Guerilla Tactics: An Overview \u2013 The Vietcong \u2013 PBS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.vietnampix.com\/popvc.htm\" >People\u2019s Liberation Armed Forces (PLAF)\/Viet Cong (VC) \u2013 VietnamPix.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Viet Nam War and Some Pertinent Events:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/vietnam-war\/vietnam-war-history\" >VIETNAM WAR HISTORY \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.digitalhistory.uh.edu\/disp_textbook.cfm?smtID=2&amp;psid=3470\" >Chronology of Viet Nam War and Pertinent Events \u2013 Digital History \u2013 DigitalHistory.UH.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyplace.com\/unitedstates\/vietnam\/index-1965.html\" >The Vietnam War \u2013 The Jungle War 1965 \u2013 1968 \u2013 The History Place \u2013 HistoryPlace.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.atvaudio.com\/ata_vietnamwar.php\" >The VIETNAM WAR: US Involvement &amp; Escalation \u2013 ARCHIVAL TELEVISION AUDIO Inc. \u2013 RESEARCH REPORT \u2013 PART ONE \u2013 April 23, 1961 \u2013 May 27, 1968 \u2013 ATVAudio.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.english.illinois.edu\/maps\/vietnam\/anderson.htm\" >The Diplomatic Course of the Vietnam War, by David L Anderson \u2013 Illinois.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.u-s-history.com\/pages\/h1888.html\" >America\u2019s Vietnam War in Indochina \u2013 U-S-History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1962<\/strong><strong>\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1962_Soviet_Nuclear_Tests\" >(atmospheric)<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Novaya_Zemlya\" >Novaya Zemlya<\/a> USSR.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>USSR Nuclear Tests in 1962:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1962_Soviet_Nuclear_Tests\" >1962 Soviet nuclear tests &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of the nuclear test of the Soviet Union \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Soviet Atmospheric Nuclear Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovatmtest.html\" >Soviet Atmospheric Tests \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/zvis.com\/nuclear\/ndb\/ussrnuks.shtml\" >USSR Atmospheric Nuclear Tests Database \u2013 Zvis.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovwpnprog.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/tests\/USSR-ntestsS.html\" >Database of nuclear tests, USSR\/Russia: overview \u2013 JohnstonArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/soviet_nuclear_testing_semipalatinsk_20th_anniversary\/24311518.html\" >Slow Death of Kazakhstan\u2019s Land Of Nuclear Tests \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty \u2013 RFRL.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/large.stanford.edu\/courses\/2014\/ph241\/powell2\/docs\/vakulchuk.pdf\" >Semipalitinsk nuclear testing: the humanitarian consequences \u2013 Norwegian Institute of International Affairs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thebulletin.org\/lasting-toll-semipalatinsks-nuclear-testing\" >The lasting toll of Semipalitinsk\u2019s nuclear testing \u2013 TheBulletin.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/12566948_External_doses_of_residents_near_Semipalatinsk_nuclear_test_site\" >External Doses of Residents near Semipalitinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 ResearchGate.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.irpa.net\/irpa10\/cdrom\/00504.pdf\" >Radiation Exposure on Residents due to Semipalitinsk Nuclear Tests \u2013 IRPA.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Novaya Zemlya Nuclear Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/wmd\/world\/russia\/novaya_zemlya_nuc.htm\" >Novaya Zemlya \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.atlasobscura.com\/places\/novaya-zemlya\" >NOVAYA ZEMLYA \u2013 AtlasObscura.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.giantbomb.com\/novaya-zemlya\/3035-3167\/\" >Novaya Zemlya \u2013 GiantBomb.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.arkcode.com\/custom3_64.html\" >NOVA ZEMLYA (NOVAYA ZEMLYA) 58 MEGA TON H BOMB TEST \u2013 ArkCode.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nti.org\/facilities\/924\/\" >Central Test Site of Russia on Novaya Zemlya \u2013 NTI.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www1.american.edu\/ted\/ice\/novalya.htm\" >ICE Case Studies \u2013 Novaya Zemlya, by Carrie McVicker \u2013 American.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/earthobservatory.nasa.gov\/IOTD\/view.php?id=39591\" >Novaya Zemlya Archipelago \u2013 Image \u2013 NASA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/novayazemlya.net\/\" >Novaya Zemlya Archipelago \u2013 NovayaZemlya.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclear-risks.org\/en\/hibakusha-worldwide\/novaya-zemlya.html\" >Novaya Zemlya, Russia \u2013 Nuclear-Risks.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/tass.ru\/en\/russia\/743105\" >Novaya Zemlya: test site for most powerful nuclear bomb ever detonated \u2013 July 31, 2014 \u2013 TASS Russian News Agency<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclearno.com\/text.asp?11073\" >Novaya Zemlya: birds, animals adapt nuclear test site, by Tatyana Sinitsyna \u2013 RIA Novosti, Russia \u2013 15 August 2006<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/of\/1993\/0501\/report.pdf\" >UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOGRPAPHICAL SURVEY \u2013 Physical Environment of the Underground Nuclear Test Site on Novaya Zemlya, Russia, by John R. Matzko \u2013 Open-File Report 93-501 \u2013 Reston, Virginia \u2013 1993<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/of\/1993\/0501\/report.pdf\" >UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOGRPAPHICAL SURVEY \u2013 Physical Environment of the Underground Nuclear Test Site on Novaya Zemlya, Russia, by John R. Matzko \u2013 Open-File Report 93-501 \u2013 Reston, Virginia \u2013 1993<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ldeo.columbia.edu\/%7Erichards\/my_papers\/khalturin_NZ_1-42%20.pdf\" >A Review of the Nuclear Testing by the Soviet Union at Novaya Zemlya, 1955 \u2013 1990, by Vitaly I. Khalturin, Tatyana G. Rautian, Paul G. Richards, and William S. Leith \u2013 Columbia.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1951\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Libya\" >Libya<\/a> becomes independent from Italy. <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Idris_of_Libya\" >Idris I<\/a> is proclaimed King of Libya.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>History of Libya:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Libya\" >History of Libya \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyworld.net\/wrldhis\/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=aa83\" >HISTORY OF LIBYA \u2013 HistoryWorld.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/libyaweb.com\/History.html\" >THE HISTORY OF LYBIA \u2013 LibyaWeb.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/libya\/3.htm\" >Libya \u2013 History \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/libya-history.html\" >Libya \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/libya\/23.htm\" >Libya \u2013 WORLD WAR II AND INDPENDENCE \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/ww2db.com\/country\/Libya\" >Libya \u2013 World War II Database, by C Peter Chen \u2013 WW2DB.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-13755445\" >Libya profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Economy of Libya:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_Libya\" >Economy of Libya \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/country\/libya\" >LIBYA \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/libya\" >Libya \u2013 Data \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/libya\" >Libya \u2013 Index \u2013 THE HERITAGE FOUNDATION<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/libya-economy.html\" >Libya \u2013 Economy \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.afdb.org\/en\/countries\/north-africa\/libya\/libya-economic-outlook\/\" >Libya Economic Outlook\u2013 AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT BANK GROUP<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1943\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: US General <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dwight_D._Eisenhower\" >Dwight D. Eisenhower<\/a> is named <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Supreme_Allied_Commander\" >Supreme Allied Commander<\/a> for the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Invasion_of_Normandy\" >Invasion of Normandy<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1942\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: French monarchist, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fernand_Bonnier_de_La_Chapelle\" >Fernand Bonnier de La Chapelle<\/a>, assassinates <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vichy\" >Vichy<\/a> French Admiral <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fran%C3%A7ois_Darlan\" >Fran\u00e7ois Darlan<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Algiers\" >Algiers<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Algeria\" >Algeria<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1941\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kuching\" >Kuching<\/a> is conquered by Japanese forces.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1939\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_II\" >World War II<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pope_Pius_XII\" >Pope Pius XII<\/a> makes a Christmas Eve appeal for peace.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1929\u00a0 <\/strong>Assassination attempt on <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Argentina\" >Argentine<\/a> President <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hip%C3%B3lito_Yrigoyen\" >Hip\u00f3lito Yrigoyen<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1924\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Albania\" >Albania<\/a> becomes a republic.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>History of Albania:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Albania\" >History of Albania \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/history-of-Albania\" >History of Albania \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/motherearthtravel.com\/albania\/history-9.htm\" >History of Albania \u2013 MotherEarthTravel.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.academia.edu\/People\/History_of_Albania\" >History of Albania \u2013 Academia.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-europe-17681099\" >Albania profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/wn.com\/history_of_albania\" >Illyrian people \u2013 History of Albania \u2013 WN.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/albanianhistory.net\/\" >Texts and Documents of Albanian History \u2013 AlbanianHistory.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1914<\/strong><strong>\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_I\" >World War I<\/a>: The \u201c<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Christmas_truce\" >Christmas truce<\/a>\u201d begins.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Christmas Truce of 1914:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/world-war-i\/christmas-truce-of-1914\" >CHRISTMAS TRUCE OF 1914 \u2013 history.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Christmas_truce\" >Christmas truce \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/time.com\/3643889\/christmas-truce-1914\/\" >Silent Night: The Story of the World War I Christmas Truce of 1914 \u2013 time.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/gizmodo.com\/the-real-story-behind-the-1914-christmas-truce-in-world-1749590742\" >The Real Story Behind the 1914 Christmas Truce in World War I \u2013 gizmodo.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.wsj.com\/articles\/the-spirit-of-the-1914-christmas-truce-1419006906\" >The Spirit of the 1914 Christmas Truce \u2013 wsj.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.snopes.com\/holidays\/christmas\/truce.asp\" >Christmas Truce \u2013 snopes.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1906\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Radio\" >Radio<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Reginald_Fessenden\" >Reginald Fessenden<\/a> transmits the first radio broadcast; consisting of a poetry reading, a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Violin\" >violin<\/a> solo, and a speech.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1871\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aida\" >Aida<\/a> opens in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cairo\" >Cairo<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Egypt\" >Egypt<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Aida (opera):<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aida\" >Aida &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.geocities.jp\/wakaru_opera\/englishaida.html\" >AIDA \u2013 OPERA Summary &amp; Comment \u2013 geocities.jp<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.musicwithease.com\/verdi-aida-synopsis.html\" >AIDA \u2013 Synopsis \u2013 An Opera by Giuseppe Verdi \u2013 musicwithease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/results?search_query=aida+opera\" >Aida (opera) \u2013 YouTube videos<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>186<\/strong><strong>5\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ku_Klux_Klan\" >Ku Klux Klan<\/a> is formed.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Ku Klux Klan (KKK) and Its History:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/ku-klux-klan\" >KU KLUX KLAN \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/ku-klux-klan\/videos\/the-kkk\" >KU KLUX KLAN \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ku_Klux_Klan#Overview:_Three_Klans\" >Overview: Three Klans \u2013 <strong>Ku Klax Klan<\/strong> \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/civilliberty.about.com\/od\/historyprofiles\/tp\/History-Ku-Klux-Klan-KKK.htm\" >The Ku Klux Klan, by Tom Head \u2013 About news \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/archive.adl.org\/learn\/ext_us\/kkk\/default.html\" >About the Ku Klux Klan \u2013 Archive.ADL.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/archive.adl.org\/learn\/ext_us\/kkk\/history.html?xpicked=4&amp;item=kkk\" >Ku Klux Klan \u2013 History \u2013 Archive.ADL.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.newyorker.com\/news\/news-desk\/donald-trump-and-the-ku-klux-klan-a-history\" >Donald Trump and The Ku Klux Klan: A History, by Evan Osnos \u2013 NewYorker.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.georgiaencyclopedia.org\/articles\/history-archaeology\/ku-klux-klan-reconstruction-era\" >Ku Klux Klan and the Reconstruction Era \u2013 NEW GEORGIA Encyclopedia \u2013 GeorginaEncyelcopeida.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/spartacus-educational.com\/USAkkk.htm\" >Ku Klux Klan \u2013 Spartacus-Educational.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kkkknights.com\/about\/klan-history\/\" >The History of the Ku Klux Klan \u2013 KKKKnights.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/wgbh\/americanexperience\/features\/general-article\/grant-kkk\/\" >Rise of the Ku Klux Klan \u2013 AMERICAN EXPERIENCE \u2013 PBS.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.latimes.com\/local\/lanow\/la-me-ln-the-ku-klux-klan-ugly-violent-history-in-anaheim-20160227-story.html\" >The Ku Klux Klan\u2019s ugly, violent history in Anaheim \u2013 Los Angeles Times \u2013 LATimes.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.u-s-history.com\/pages\/h412.html\" >Ku Klux Klan \u2013 U-S-History.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=cayCYpxtIyo\" >YouTube video (1 h. 28 min. 08 sec.): Ku Klux Klan \u2013 A Secret History<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>________________________________________<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>(<em>Sources and references:<\/em><\/strong><em> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/december_18\" >https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/december_18<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 december<strong>_24<\/strong>;\u00a0 <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.onthisday.com\/events\/december\/18\" >http:\/\/www.onthisday.com\/events\/december\/18<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 to <strong>december\/24<\/strong>;\u00a0\u00a0 <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brainyhistory.com\/days\/december_18.html\" >http:\/\/www.brainyhistory.com\/days\/december_18.html<\/a>.\u00a0\u00a0 to <strong>december_24.html<\/strong>; and other pertinent web sites and\/or documents, mentioned above.<\/em><strong>)<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><em>The views expressed in the cited or quoted websites and\/or documents in this article do not necessarily reflect those of the author of this article. These websites and\/or documents are cited or quoted for academic or educational purposes. Neither the author of this article nor the Transcend Media Service (TMS) is responsible for the contents, information, or whatsoever contained in these websites and\/or documents.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>One of the primary purposes of this article is to provide the readers with opportunities to think about \u201cpeace\u201d, including positive peace and negative peace as well as external\/outer peace and internal\/inner peace, and more, directly or indirectly, from various angles and\/or in the broadest sense, through historical events. It is because this article is prepared specifically for the TMS whose main objective is to address \u201cpeace\u201d.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><em>Satoshi Ashikaga, having worked as researcher, development program\/project officer, legal protection\/humanitarian assistance officer, human rights monitor-negotiator, managing-editor, and more, prefers a peaceful and prudent life, especially that in communion with nature.\u00a0 His previous work experiences, including those in war zones and war-torn zones, remind him of the invaluableness of peace.\u00a0 His interest and\/or expertise includes international affairs, international law, jurisprudence, economic and business affairs, project\/operations or organizational management, geography, history, the environmental\/ecological issues, science and technology, visual\/audio documentation of nature and culture, and more. Being a member of the <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/\" ><em>TRANSCEND Network for Peace, Development and Environment<\/em><\/a><em>, he is currently compiling <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/category\/history\/\" >This Week in History<\/a> <em>on <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/\" >TMS<\/a><em>.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Dec 18-24, 2017 ~ QUOTE OF THE WEEK: \u201c No matter how devastating our struggles, disappointments, and troubles are, they are only temporary.  No matter what happens to you, no matter the depth of tragedy or pain you face, no matter how death stalks you and your loved ones, the Resurrection promises you a future of immeasurable good.\u201d   &#8211; Josh McDowell <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":62806,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[148],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-103414","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-history"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/103414","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=103414"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/103414\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/62806"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=103414"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=103414"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=103414"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}