{"id":122452,"date":"2018-11-26T12:00:06","date_gmt":"2018-11-26T12:00:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/?p=122452"},"modified":"2018-11-21T09:39:40","modified_gmt":"2018-11-21T09:39:40","slug":"release-of-top-secret-cia-document-reveals-deeper-medical-complicity-in-torture-program","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2018\/11\/release-of-top-secret-cia-document-reveals-deeper-medical-complicity-in-torture-program\/","title":{"rendered":"Release of Top Secret CIA Document Reveals Deeper Medical Complicity in Torture Program"},"content":{"rendered":"

16 Nov 2018 – <\/em>With the release of a previously top secret document \u2013 made public thanks to a legal victory by the ACLU<\/a> \u2013 disclosing the role of the Office of Medical Services (OMS) in the CIA\u2019s torture program, Physicians for Human Rights (PHR)<\/a> reminds health professionals that torture, in all its forms, is one of the most serious human rights violations and is absolutely prohibited under U.S. and international law, and that any collusion in its implementation \u2013 from planning through monitoring \u2013 is a gross violation of professional ethics.<\/p>\n

The 90-page document<\/a> provides a chilling account of how CIA health professionals willingly participated in torture. The \u201cSummary and Reflections\u201d of an unnamed chief of CIA Medical Services narrates the decision-making process that led to health professionals signing off on, and participating in, interrogation and detention practices that clearly constituted torture. The document provides a cascade of self-justification and minimization of the risks and harm to detainees.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>

Abu Ghraib prison in Baghdad. AP<\/p><\/div>\n

\u201cWhile much of the information in this document was already known, the step-by-step internal process it details shows how health professionals continually acceded to the demands of those running the interrogation regime, relied on flawed legal interpretations of torture definitions, \u00a0and failed to live up to their duty to \u2018do no harm,\u2019\u201d said Scott Allen, MD, FACP<\/a>, professor emeritus at University of California Riverside School of Medicine and PHR medical advisor.<\/p>\n

The document further describes how certain techniques, such as confinement in a coffin-sized box, forced nakedness, near-hypothermia, prolonged sleep deprivation, and waterboarding were not considered to be torture because they were deemed not to cause \u201cprolonged (mental) harm lasting months or years.\u201d \u00a0It is now clear that these determinations were based on the Office of Legal Counsel\u2019s faulty interpretation of torture that elevated physical and mental pain thresholds and the condition of specific intent to cause such pain.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>

This late 2003 file image obtained by The Associated Press shows an unidentified detainee standing on a box with a bag on his head and wires attached to him, at the Abu Ghraib prison in Baghdad. AP<\/p><\/div>\n

\u201cThe document makes the claim that OMS personnel served to protect detainees and ensure safe, legal, and effective interrogations, but provides no evidence that detainees were evaluated appropriately. In fact, it states that psychological assessments did not include the possibility of post-traumatic stress disorder, the most common psychological condition following torture. The document also fails to mention the OMS practice of forced rectal feeding, for which there is no medical indication and which represents a form of sexual assault\u201d said PHR Senior Medical Advisor Vincent Iacopino, MD, PhD<\/a>.<\/p>\n

In addition, the document\u2019s conclusion that the interrogation techniques did not cause long-lasting harm has been proven wrong. Some detainees subjected to these torture techniques who are still held in the Guant\u00e1namo Bay detention facility remain severely traumatized, according to PHR medical experts<\/a> who have examined them. Detainees who have been evaluated after their release from Guant\u00e1namo, and elsewhere, also continue to show long-lasting harm, as described in reports such as PHR\u2019s Broken Laws, Broken Lives<\/a>.<\/p>\n

The document refers to OMS practices being in compliance with American Psychological Association (APA) policies, but fails to acknowledge collusion between the APA, the CIA, and the Department of Defense in establishing those policies. These policies have since been abandoned. The document also attempts to defend against criticism of breaches of medical ethics by indicating that OMS participation was voluntary, that its practices were considered \u201clegal\u201d by the U.S. Department of Justice at the time, and that actionable intelligence was obtained and lives were saved. The author of the document rejects international medical ethical principles of \u201cdo no harm\u201d as well as legal prohibitions<\/a> against participation in torture by asserting that \u201csaving lives\u201d takes priority over respect for human dignity. We have learned since, from a 2014 Senate Select Committee on Intelligence report<\/a>, that no actionable intelligence was ever obtained using \u201cenhanced interrogation\u201d techniques that could not otherwise have been gathered.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>

A detainee bent over with his hands on the bars of a prison cell at the Abu Ghraib prison in Baghdad in 2003. Associated Press \/ Via apimages.com<\/p><\/div>\n

This document is a revealing self-indictment of U.S. torture practices and the critical role of CIA OMS personnel in participating in and concealing torture. It shows health professionals\u2019 disregard for core ethical principles, including the World Medical Association\u2019s Declaration of Tokyo<\/a>, requiring that they remove themselves from all forms of participation in torture or ill-treatment.<\/p>\n

\u201cThis document shows that within the CIA OMS culture in the post-9\/11 years, there was a lack of understanding of the moral and ethical issues involved in the presence and cooperation of health professionals in interrogations and their willingness to preside over the deliberate infliction of pain on detainees,\u201d Iacopino said. \u201cThe author of the document expresses continual concern for the physical safety of detainees, but he shows no qualms about OMS personnel participating in the interrogations that caused great pain and suffering to the detainees. This was an improper role for health professionals and OMS shows that it was blind or indifferent to ethical concerns raised by their participation,\u201d he added.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>

American military police pose with naked detainees at Abu Ghraib prison in Iraq.<\/p><\/div>\n

Based on the new details in this document, PHR renews its call on the U.S. government, especially all CIA medical professionals, to take immediate action to make structural and procedural reforms to ensure that such human rights abuses \u2013 including the collusion and cover up of health professionals, in violation of their professional ethics \u2013 never happen again. As an organization of health professionals, PHR looks forward to those in positions of authority recognizing the important role played by doctors, psychologists, therapists, and others who practice medicine to ensure that torture tactics are never enabled by professionals whose primary obligation is to their patients, and that all agency operations respect the right to dignity and care for the individual.<\/p>\n

Torture is absolutely prohibited under U.S. and international law at all times, and preventing the torture of those in custody is integral to the ethical duties and culture of health professionals. Torture violates everything that health professionals stand for and PHR will continue to advocate to ensure the U.S. government never engages in torture again.<\/p>\n

_______________________________________<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Physicians for Human Rights (PHR) is a New York-based advocacy organization that uses science and medicine to prevent mass atrocities and severe human rights violations. <\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Go to Original \u2013 phr.org<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

16 Nov 2018 – The 90-page document provides a chilling account of how CIA health professionals willingly participated in torture. The \u201cSummary and Reflections\u201d of an unnamed chief of CIA Medical Services narrates the decision-making process that led to health professionals signing off on, and participating in, interrogation and detention practices that clearly constituted torture. The document provides a cascade of self-justification and minimization of the risks and harm to detainees. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":122453,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[65],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-122452","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-anglo-america"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/122452","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=122452"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/122452\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/122453"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=122452"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=122452"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=122452"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}