{"id":171123,"date":"2020-10-26T12:00:59","date_gmt":"2020-10-26T12:00:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/?p=171123"},"modified":"2020-10-23T09:04:10","modified_gmt":"2020-10-23T08:04:10","slug":"it-affects-everything-hawaii-residents-demand-transparency-over-pearl-harbor-munitions-storage","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2020\/10\/it-affects-everything-hawaii-residents-demand-transparency-over-pearl-harbor-munitions-storage\/","title":{"rendered":"&#8216;It Affects Everything&#8217;: Hawaii Residents Demand Transparency over Pearl Harbor Munitions Storage"},"content":{"rendered":"<blockquote><p><em>US army plans to consolidate storage along the West Loch section of Pearl Harbor, near densely populated neighborhoods.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<div id=\"attachment_171125\" style=\"width: 460px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/honolulu-hawaii-oahu.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-171125\" class=\"wp-image-171125\" src=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/honolulu-hawaii-oahu-1024x759.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"450\" height=\"334\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/honolulu-hawaii-oahu-1024x759.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/honolulu-hawaii-oahu-300x223.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/honolulu-hawaii-oahu-768x570.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/honolulu-hawaii-oahu.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-171125\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Honolulu, Hawaii in the Oahu island of the archipelago. Wikipedia<\/p><\/div>\n<p><em>22 Oct 2020 &#8211; <\/em>A munitions storage complex being planned by the US army in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/us-news\/hawaii\" class=\"u-underline\"  data-link-name=\"auto-linked-tag\" data-component=\"auto-linked-tag\">Hawaii<\/a> to help counter Chinese influence in the Pacific is running into local opposition.<\/p>\n<p>In July, the US secretary of defense, Mark Esper, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.defense.gov\/Explore\/News\/Article\/Article\/2280887\/esper-discusses-importance-of-indo-pacific-strategy\/\" class=\"u-underline\"  data-link-name=\"in body link\">called for<\/a> prioritizing resources, including long-range precision weapons, to the Indo-Pacific region, a reflection of a US shift toward what it calls great power competition with China and Russia.<\/p>\n<p>As part of this long-term strategic competition, the army has unveiled plans to consolidate its munitions storage along the West Loch section of Pearl Harbor on Oahu.<\/p>\n<p>But plans outlined in the draft environmental assessment (EA) released by the navy, show the new facility would be built less than a mile from densely populated neighborhoods in the community of Ewa.<\/p>\n<p>Human rights lawyer Poka Laenui lives less than a mile from the Lualualei Annex in the rural district home to many Native Hawaiians. He said communities that host munitions storage facilities are routinely dismissed and ignored by the military.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWhen you\u2019re playing with the lives of everyone in Hawaii with that kind of stuff, you have to have participation by the people whose lives are being affected,\u201d Laenui said. He asked how the public can make sound decisions when they are denied information.<\/p>\n<p>Construction is slated to begin in 2022 on a facility intended to improve army \u201coperational efficiencies\u201d. The 62-acre site would include 35 earth-covered reinforced concrete storage magazines and operational support facilities within the 4,092 acre West Loch ammunition depot.<\/p>\n<p>If completed, the proposed facility would allow for the consolidation of munitions stockpiled at the ageing Lualualei Annex, a storage complex built in the 1930s on west Oahu. A new facility at West Loch, the navy said, would improve safety by reducing the need to transport military-grade explosives on public roads.<\/p>\n<h2>Home on the firing range<\/h2>\n<p>Immediately adjacent to the proposed munitions storage facility is Ewa Gentry, one of West Loch\u2019s largest <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gentryhawaii.com\/\" class=\"u-underline\"  data-link-name=\"in body link\">new residential developments<\/a> with over 8,000 homes and hundreds more planned. Debbie Luning, the Gentry Homes director for community relations, said the developer wants assurance that the munitions storage will not jeopardize public health or safety.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cBecause of the pandemic, there has been inadequate public outreach to provide the community with details of the project,\u201d she said, calling for a decision on the location of the facility to be postponed \u201cuntil it can be properly presented to the area residents\u201d.<\/p>\n<aside class=\"element element-pullquote element--supporting\"><\/aside>\n<aside class=\"element element-pullquote element--supporting\">\n<blockquote>\n<p class=\"pullquote-paragraph\"><strong><em>&#8220;I still don\u2019t believe that the Ewa community as a whole knows what\u2019s going on.&#8221;<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"pullquote-paragraph\"><strong><cite class=\"pullquote-cite\">&#8212; John Rogers<\/cite><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/aside>\n<p>John Rogers, an Ewa neighborhood board member, also sits on the board of a homeowners association representing 720 homes immediately north of West Loch. Rogers, a retired navy petty officer, said the community had not been given adequate opportunity to ask questions. When he requested a public meeting with the navy, he was told a presentation was not part of the process.<\/p>\n<p>Rogers said, \u201cI still don\u2019t believe that the Ewa community as a whole knows what\u2019s going on.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>In an email, a navy spokesperson said, \u201cThe safety of community residents is of the utmost importance, and explosive safety is calculated with extreme care and scrutiny.\u201d But the navy considers ammunition types and amounts sensitive information and does not disclose calculations to the public.<\/p>\n<p>According to the navy, which controls the land, impacts to public health and safety, socioeconomics, environmental justice and other criteria would be \u201cnegligible or nonexistent\u201d and so possible effects on air quality, hazardous wastes and materials, noise, water, marine biological and other resources were not analyzed in detail.<\/p>\n<p>But a growing number of Ewa residents have questions and say an environmental assessment is insufficient. They want the military to prepare a more rigorous environmental impact statement and hold public meetings.<\/p>\n<h2>Rapid growth<\/h2>\n<p>Until 30 years ago, much of the Ewa plain was planted in sugar cane and the population was small, but Ewa and neighboring Kapolei have <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.census.gov\/quickfacts\/fact\/table\/kapoleicdphawaii,ewavillagescdphawaii,ewabeachcdphawaii,ewagentrycdphawaii\/PST045219\" class=\"u-underline\"  data-link-name=\"in body link\">swelled<\/a> into Oahu\u2019s second city and are home to many active-duty and retired military members and their families.<\/p>\n<p>Today few residents are old enough to remember the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/nationalinterest.org\/blog\/buzz\/how-ammunition-problem-almost-destroyed-pearl-harbor-second-time-106241\" class=\"u-underline\"  data-link-name=\"in body link\">military disaster<\/a> of 1944 when 163 service members were killed and nearly 400 injured in a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/anX2z336ULc\" class=\"u-underline\"  data-link-name=\"in body link\">series of explosions<\/a> at West Loch, which the military covered up until 1960. A second, deadlier <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.navalhistory.org\/2019\/07\/30\/racism-mutiny-and-exoneration-the-port-chicago-disaster\" class=\"u-underline\"  data-link-name=\"in body link\">munitions disaster<\/a> occurred at the Port Chicago naval magazine in California less than two months later. More recent military accidental explosions in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/vK_WDxjhu0Y\" class=\"u-underline\"  data-link-name=\"in body link\">Siberia<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/pHclBYf4Xmc\" class=\"u-underline\"  data-link-name=\"in body link\">Ukraine<\/a>, and the non-military explosion in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=5Q9-rD2hOC0\" class=\"u-underline\"  data-link-name=\"in body link\">Beirut<\/a> in August, serve as graphic reminders of potential dangers.<\/p>\n<p>One Ewa resident who is alarmed by the site\u2019s proximity to hundreds of homes and public thoroughfares is John Bond, a historian and army veteran. He has been studying archival military documents and safety buffers called Explosive Safety Quantity Distance arcs in Hawaii and at other military sites. Bond sees serious problems with West Loch and has documented his findings on a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/west-loch-blast-zone.blogspot.com\/\" class=\"u-underline\"  data-link-name=\"in body link\">blog<\/a>.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"img-2\" class=\"element element-image img--landscape fig--narrow-caption fig--has-shares \" data-component=\"image\" data-media-id=\"43209a66f97485d2532fd0aa744f1cbdb81130af\">\n<div class=\"u-responsive-ratio\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><picture><source srcset=\"https:\/\/i.guim.co.uk\/img\/media\/43209a66f97485d2532fd0aa744f1cbdb81130af\/0_0_4160_2495\/master\/4160.jpg?width=620&amp;quality=45&amp;auto=format&amp;fit=max&amp;dpr=2&amp;s=71f32e01d7f64a14181827b6996cf040 1240w\" media=\"(min-width: 660px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 660px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)\" sizes=\"620px\" \/><source srcset=\"https:\/\/i.guim.co.uk\/img\/media\/43209a66f97485d2532fd0aa744f1cbdb81130af\/0_0_4160_2495\/master\/4160.jpg?width=620&amp;quality=85&amp;auto=format&amp;fit=max&amp;s=f99cadae15d7c0e0f7a1e0e6ee753cdc 620w\" media=\"(min-width: 660px)\" sizes=\"620px\" \/><source srcset=\"https:\/\/i.guim.co.uk\/img\/media\/43209a66f97485d2532fd0aa744f1cbdb81130af\/0_0_4160_2495\/master\/4160.jpg?width=605&amp;quality=45&amp;auto=format&amp;fit=max&amp;dpr=2&amp;s=b12818d8563d07e7b18eb54d1cb2049a 1210w\" media=\"(min-width: 480px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 480px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)\" sizes=\"605px\" \/><source srcset=\"https:\/\/i.guim.co.uk\/img\/media\/43209a66f97485d2532fd0aa744f1cbdb81130af\/0_0_4160_2495\/master\/4160.jpg?width=605&amp;quality=85&amp;auto=format&amp;fit=max&amp;s=aa44a9db1b108d72647327c4621022b5 605w\" media=\"(min-width: 480px)\" sizes=\"605px\" \/><source srcset=\"https:\/\/i.guim.co.uk\/img\/media\/43209a66f97485d2532fd0aa744f1cbdb81130af\/0_0_4160_2495\/master\/4160.jpg?width=445&amp;quality=45&amp;auto=format&amp;fit=max&amp;dpr=2&amp;s=3133a984bc886e12be1f2cdb6378ca04 890w\" media=\"(min-width: 0px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 0px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)\" sizes=\"445px\" \/><source srcset=\"https:\/\/i.guim.co.uk\/img\/media\/43209a66f97485d2532fd0aa744f1cbdb81130af\/0_0_4160_2495\/master\/4160.jpg?width=445&amp;quality=85&amp;auto=format&amp;fit=max&amp;s=a1cf2eb63f1ea80f55433253ed19b167 445w\" media=\"(min-width: 0px)\" sizes=\"445px\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"gu-image aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/i.guim.co.uk\/img\/media\/43209a66f97485d2532fd0aa744f1cbdb81130af\/0_0_4160_2495\/master\/4160.jpg?width=300&amp;quality=85&amp;auto=format&amp;fit=max&amp;s=de70bd36e4d4f5c562024637a33df03d\" alt=\"All nuclear weapons were withdrawn from Hawaii to the continental US in the early 1990s.\" \/><\/picture><strong>All nuclear weapons were withdrawn from Hawaii to the continental US in the early 1990s. Photograph: Alamy<\/strong><\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<p>According to Bond, the explosive arc would not provide adequate protection from an explosion in the facility. He points to a military ammunition terminal in North Carolina with a three-to-four-mile arc and a more transparent process in which <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/portcitydaily.com\/local-news\/2018\/07\/31\/motsu-addresses-blast-zones-future-development-during-public-meetings\/\" class=\"u-underline\"  data-link-name=\"in body link\">the public was told<\/a> of potential impacts. In Ewa, where crowded neighborhoods are less than one mile from a potential blast zone, Bond said that transparency was absent.<\/p>\n<p>Bond thinks residents deserve to know what would be inside West Loch\u2019s perimeter fence. \u201cNobody is telling people out here this. The public needs to know,\u201d Bond said. \u201cThis affects everything \u2013 insurance, disclosure to potential home buyers, land development, homes, codes, schools.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>West Loch has been ignored for years, Bond said. \u201cNobody really understood or maybe didn\u2019t want to know what was there. It didn\u2019t affect their daily life, but that\u2019s all going to change.\u201d<\/p>\n<h2>Findings of no significant impact<\/h2>\n<p>The Hawaii state senators Kurt Fevella and Mike Gabbard represent neighboring districts that border West Loch. Both have requested public meetings and more transparency. Gabbard said his constituents were not anti-military, but called the lack of response \u201cfrustrating\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>In an email, the navy said public meetings were not required under federal law for environmental assessments. Instead the navy prefers to engage with neighborhood boards through a liaison. A navy spokesperson added that the environmental assessment was on the army and navy public websites (it has since been <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.navfac.navy.mil\/content\/navfac\/en\/404_page_not_found.html\" class=\"u-underline\"  data-link-name=\"in body link\">removed<\/a>) with print copies available in public libraries.<\/p>\n<p>Unanswered questions have also fueled suspicion that former <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/lcweb2.loc.gov\/master\/pnp\/habshaer\/hi\/hi0200\/hi0246\/data\/hi0246data.pdf\" class=\"u-underline\"  data-link-name=\"in body link\">nuclear weapons storage sites<\/a> on Oahu may still or will again house nuclear weapons. Hans Kristensen, the director of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nukestrat.com\/index.htm\" class=\"u-underline\"  data-link-name=\"in body link\">Nuclear Information Project<\/a> at the Federation of American Scientists, rejected that idea. \u201cThe rumors are false,\u201d he said by email.<\/p>\n<p>According to Kristensen, all nuclear weapons were withdrawn from Hawaii to the continental US in the early 1990s and the site denuclearized. The air force does not store nuclear weapons in Hawaii, Kristensen said, and navy tactical nuclear weapons were <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.armscontrol.org\/factsheets\/pniglance\" class=\"u-underline\"  data-link-name=\"in body link\">scrapped<\/a> in the 1990s.<\/p>\n<p>A spokesman for the US Indo-Pacific Command would neither confirm nor deny the presence of nuclear weapons and the navy declined to comment on what kind of conventional munitions would be stored at West Loch, leaving residents to speculate and search for answers on their own.<\/p>\n<p>______________________________________________<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>Jon Letman is a freelance writer based in Hawaii, covering human rights, the environment, and US foreign policy in the Asia-Pacific region.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/us-news\/2020\/oct\/22\/hawaii-munitions-storage-pearl-harbor-china-military?CMP=share_btn_fb\" >Go to Original &#8211; theguardian.com<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>22 Oct 2020 &#8211; A munitions storage complex being planned by the US army along the West Loch section of Pearl Harbor near densely populated Hawaiian neighborhoods to help counter Chinese influence in the Pacific is running into local opposition.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":171125,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[57],"tags":[867,1161,1188,120,267,1126,260,487,1050,504,950,291,1105,780,769,91,86,109,287,95,70,126,118,492,172,75],"class_list":["post-171123","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-militarism","tag-anglo-america","tag-arms-industry","tag-arms-race","tag-conflict","tag-geopolitics","tag-hegemony","tag-history","tag-human-rights","tag-imperialism","tag-international-relations","tag-invasion","tag-military","tag-military-industrial-complex","tag-military-intervention","tag-military-supremacy","tag-nato","tag-occupation","tag-politics","tag-power","tag-us-military","tag-usa","tag-violence","tag-war","tag-war-on-terror","tag-west","tag-world"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/171123","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=171123"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/171123\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/171125"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=171123"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=171123"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=171123"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}