{"id":182684,"date":"2021-04-12T12:00:18","date_gmt":"2021-04-12T11:00:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/?p=182684"},"modified":"2021-04-11T04:19:38","modified_gmt":"2021-04-11T03:19:38","slug":"hans-kung-catholic-theologian-critical-of-the-church-dies-at-93","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2021\/04\/hans-kung-catholic-theologian-critical-of-the-church-dies-at-93\/","title":{"rendered":"Hans K\u00fcng, Catholic Theologian Critical of the Church, Dies at 93"},"content":{"rendered":"<blockquote>\n<p id=\"article-summary\" class=\"css-w6ymp8 e1wiw3jv0\"><em>A prolific writer and a prominent speaker, he promoted dialogue among religions and challenged Vatican doctrine on many fronts, provoking its censure.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<div id=\"attachment_182686\" style=\"width: 410px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/theologian-Hans-Kung1.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-182686\" class=\"wp-image-182686\" src=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/theologian-Hans-Kung1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"323\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/theologian-Hans-Kung1.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/theologian-Hans-Kung1-300x242.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/theologian-Hans-Kung1-768x620.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-182686\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The theologian Hans K\u00fcng speaking in New York in 1980, with a copy of one of the more than 50 books he wrote. \u201cNever again would a theologian have such influence,\u201d a Vatican expert wrote after all Dr. K\u00fcng\u2019s proposals at the Second Vatican Council were accepted in the council\u2019s final documents.<br \/>Neil Boenzi\/The New York Times<\/p><\/div>\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\"><em>8 Apr 2021 &#8211; <\/em>Hans K\u00fcng, a Roman Catholic theologian and priest whose brilliantly disputatious, lucidly expressed thoughts in more than 50 books and countless speeches advanced ecumenism and provoked the Vatican to censure him, died on Tuesday [6 Apr] at his home in T\u00fcbingen, Germany. He was 93.<\/p>\n<div class=\"css-1fanzo5 StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">The death was confirmed by Nadja Dornis, a spokeswoman for the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.global-ethic.org\/about-us\/\" class=\"css-1g7m0tk\" title=\"\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Global Ethic Foundation<\/a>, which promotes Dr. K\u00fcng\u2019s ideas.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">Dr. K\u00fcng, who as an 11-year-old Swiss boy knew he wanted to be a priest, stood at the center of Christianity\u2019s great upheavals in the latter half of the 20th century. His relentless challenges to the church hierarchy caused his critics to call him the greatest threat to the church since Martin Luther, even the Antichrist.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">As a liberal, he criticized church policy on governance, liturgy, papal infallibility, birth control, priestly celibacy, the ordination of women, mixed marriages, homosexuality, abortion, the meaning of hell and much else.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"><\/aside>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-1fanzo5 StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">On some issues, Dr. K\u00fcng said, Buddhism and Judaism were more constructive than Catholicism. Serving Jesus Christ is what matters, he insisted \u2014 not serving the church that took his name.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">Many Catholics supported him, or at least admired his effectiveness. Peter Hebblethwaite, a Vatican expert, wrote that all Dr. K\u00fcng\u2019s proposals at the Second Vatican Council were accepted, some in modified form, in the council\u2019s final documents.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">\u201cNever again would a theologian have such influence,\u201d he wrote.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"><\/aside>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-79elbk\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-wrapper\">\n<div id=\"attachment_182687\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/theologian-Hans-Kung2.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-182687\" class=\"wp-image-182687\" src=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/theologian-Hans-Kung2-704x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"437\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/theologian-Hans-Kung2-704x1024.jpg 704w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/theologian-Hans-Kung2-206x300.jpg 206w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/theologian-Hans-Kung2-768x1118.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/theologian-Hans-Kung2-1055x1536.jpg 1055w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/theologian-Hans-Kung2.jpg 1407w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-182687\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dr. K\u00fcng speaking in 1968. Athletic and handsome, he wore crisp business suits and drove a sports car, and he preferred not to be called \u201cFather.\u201d<br \/>Moosbrugger\/ullstein bild, via Getty Images<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-1fanzo5 StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">As a rigorous, imaginative scholar, Dr. K\u00fcng (pronounced kee-UNG) discovered profound similarities between the essential faith of Catholics and that of Protestants, seeming to remove a significant barrier to a historic rapprochement. In his later years he worked to find commonalities in the ethics of all religions as a means toward peace.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">His vast writings included books on Thomas More, Freud, Mozart, Jewish views of Jesus, Eastern religions, life after death and the existence of God.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"><\/aside>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-1fanzo5 StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">Dr. K\u00fcng emerged as a champion of reform in the 1960s at the Second Vatican Council, also known as Vatican II, where he was an official theologian (he was the youngest one there). Pope John XXIII had called the meeting to \u201clet some fresh air into the church.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">Dr. K\u00fcng saw the conference as only a beginning. He continued to press for more revisions in church dogma, including ending the ban on birth control and vows of celibacy by priests.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">His polarizing effect was evident on a tour of the United States in 1963. The Catholic University of America in Washington forbade him to speak, but he drew thousands of supporters elsewhere. Two years later, Pope Paul VI, John\u2019s successor, responded to the mounting interest in Dr. K\u00fcng\u2019s work by inviting him to the Vatican. Paul told Dr. K\u00fcng that he would have preferred that he had written nothing, then offered him a Vatican post.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">Dr. K\u00fcng turned him down. To have taken the position, he wrote later, would have made him a conformist, even though he acknowledged that it might have been \u201cthe great opportunity of my life.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">Robert Kaiser, the Time magazine correspondent at Vatican II, wrote in The National Catholic Reporter in 2006, \u201cIf he\u2019d played his cards differently, Hans K\u00fcng could have been pope.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">But it was unlikely that Dr. K\u00fcng could have thought, spoken or acted differently; few could foresee him relenting in his criticisms of the church. In an interview with The New York Times in 1968, he said he saw an equivalence in the Communist and Roman Catholic systems.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">\u201cAre not both absolutist, centralist, totalitarian \u2014 in short, enemies of freedom?\u201d he asked.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">Catholic theologians answered that Christ had entrusted the authentic interpretation of his divine revelation to the church with the apostle Peter, from whom all popes are said to descend. They said that the sort of democratic church Dr. K\u00fcng advocated, however meritorious, did not guarantee spiritual truth.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\">\n<div id=\"c-col-editors-picks\" class=\"css-j64t31\">\n<div id=\"pp_edpick-wrapper\">\n<div id=\"after-pp_edpick\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/aside>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-1fanzo5 StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">Dr. K\u00fcng\u2019s self-confident manner \u2014 variously perceived as brilliant, overelaborate or disrespectful \u2014 did not always help his cause. One joke had it that he did not want to be pope because then he would not be infallible.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">Dr. K\u00fcng\u2019s problem, the priest and author <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2013\/05\/31\/us\/andrew-m-greeley-outspoken-priest-dies-at-85.html#:~:text=May%2030%2C%202013-,Andrew%20M.,He%20was%2085.\" class=\"css-1g7m0tk\" title=\"\" >Andrew M. Greeley<\/a> wrote in \u201cThe Making of the Popes 1978\u201d (1979) was the envy he aroused among Vatican officials over his popularity and success.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">\u201cOther scholars have been re-evaluating the papacy much more quietly \u2014 and have said far more radical things than K\u00fcng,\u201d Father Greeley wrote.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">It was Dr. K\u00fcng\u2019s tightly reasoned rejection of the doctrine of papal infallibility in his book \u201cInfallible? An Inquiry\u201d (1970) that led to his dismissal as an official church theologian. He maintained that the doctrine, which was adopted in 1870 and applies only to those extraordinary moments when the pope speaks officially as the vicar of Christ, was not supported by scripture. He gave copious examples of papal mistakes.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"><\/aside>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-79elbk\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-wrapper\">\n<div id=\"attachment_182688\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/theologian-Hans-Kung3.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-182688\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-182688\" src=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/theologian-Hans-Kung3-300x197.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"197\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/theologian-Hans-Kung3-300x197.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/theologian-Hans-Kung3-768x506.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/theologian-Hans-Kung3.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-182688\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dr. K\u00fcng in 1980. His polarizing effect was evident on a tour of the United States in 1963, when the Catholic University of America in Washington forbade him to speak there but he drew thousands of supporters elsewhere.<br \/>Ullstein Bild\/ullstein bild, via Getty Images<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"css-z3e15g\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-wrapper-hidden\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-1fanzo5 StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">In 1979, Pope John Paul II, Paul\u2019s successor, approved the removal of Dr. K\u00fcng\u2019s theological authority, meaning he could no longer teach with the church\u2019s sanction or hold any office in church government.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">But he was never dismissed as a priest, and losing his theological status turned out to mean only that he was moved to a different part of the same German university. He continued to write popular, well-reviewed, densely researched books, and to draw crowds on lecture tours. Some Catholic thinkers suggested that his new, more independent role made him a better bridge to the secular world.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"><\/aside>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-1fanzo5 StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">Soon after Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger, a leader in the campaign against Dr. K\u00fcng, became Pope Benedict XVI in 2005, he invited Dr. K\u00fcng to his summer residence in Castel Gandolfo, outside Rome. Pope John Paul II had denied more than a dozen of Dr. K\u00fcng\u2019s requests for a meeting.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">Dr. K\u00fcng and Cardinal Ratzinger had become friends when Dr. K\u00fcng recruited Cardinal Ratzinger to be a professor at the University of T\u00fcbingen in 1965. They split over the student revolts of 1968, which had horrified Cardinal Ratzinger. They continued to diverge, and Dr. K\u00fcng came to refer to the cardinal, who was head of the Vatican office responsible for defending church orthodoxy, as \u201cthe Grand Inquisitor\u201d or \u201chead of the K.G.B.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">Nevertheless, after Cardinal Ratzinger became pope, the two enjoyed a long dinner at the pope\u2019s summer residence after agreeing not to disagree. Pope Benedict applauded Dr. K\u00fcng\u2019s efforts to revive the dialogue between faith and the natural sciences. Dr. K\u00fcng praised the pope for reaching out to other religions.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">But after Benedict resigned the papacy in 2013, Dr. K\u00fcng suggested that the pope had been out of step with \u201cmodernity\u201d and that the church was in need of more progressive leadership.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">\u201cIn this dramatic situation the church needs a pope who\u2019s not living intellectually in the Middle Ages, who doesn\u2019t champion any kind of medieval theology, liturgy or church constitution,\u201d he wrote, \u201ca pope who stands up for the freedom of the church in the world not just by giving sermons but by fighting with words and deeds for freedom and human rights within the church, for theologians, for women, for all Catholics who want to speak the truth openly. \u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">Dr. K\u00fcng\u2019s image was distinctly nonclerical. Athletic and handsome, he wore crisp business suits, not a priest\u2019s collar, and drove a sports car. On his trips to the United States, he sometimes appeared on television talk shows, and his youthful style drew comparisons to President John F. Kennedy.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">Dr. K\u00fcng preferred to be called \u201cprofessor\u201d or \u201cdoctor\u201d or \u201cjust plain Hans K\u00fcng,\u201d explaining that the title \u201cFather\u201d was not traditionally used in German-speaking lands.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"><\/aside>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-1fanzo5 StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">Hans K\u00fcng was born in Sursee, Switzerland, on March 19, 1928, and named after his father, a prosperous shoe merchant. His mother, Emma (Gut) K\u00fcng, had been a farmer\u2019s daughter. Hans had five younger sisters.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">Dr. K\u00fcng wrote in a memoir, \u201cMy Struggle for Freedom\u201d (2002), that his decision at 11 to become a priest reflected his admiration for a friend who had chosen that course. He recalled immediately accepting a celibate life and choosing to no longer sit beside his girlfriend (he had kissed her just once) on the train to school.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">After graduating from a public high school in Lucerne, he attended the Pontifical German College in Rome for seven years, followed by more studies there at the Pontifical Gregorian University.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">In 1955, to receive his licentiate in theology, he submitted a thesis on the thinking of the great Protestant theologian Karl Barth.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">He was ordained a priest in 1954 and went on to do graduate work in London, Amsterdam, Berlin, Madrid and Paris. He earned a doctorate in sacred theology in 1957 at the Catholic Institute of the Sorbonne.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">In 1964, Dr. K\u00fcng published a more elaborate version of the Barth study as well as an English edition, \u201cJustification: The Doctrine of Karl Barth With a Catholic Reflection.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">With a glowing introduction from Barth himself, the book, which seemed to prove that Barth\u2019s notion of Christian grace tallied with the Catholic notion, was a sensation among both Catholic and Protestant scholars. Both views defend the total freedom and gift of God\u2019s grace, which, they assert, no person earns.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"><\/aside>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-1fanzo5 StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">Cardinal Ratzinger wrote in one review, \u201cFor such a gift Hans K\u00fcng deserves the honest thanks of all who pray and work toward the unity of undivided Christianity.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">Dr. K\u00fcng became an assistant professor of dogmatic theology at the University of M\u00fcnster in Westphalia, Germany, in 1959. The next year he joined the Catholic theological faculty of the University of T\u00fcbingen as a full professor.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"><\/aside>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-79elbk\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"css-z3e15g\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-wrapper-hidden\">\n<div id=\"attachment_182689\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/theologian-Hans-Kung4.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-182689\" class=\"wp-image-182689\" src=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/theologian-Hans-Kung4-683x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/theologian-Hans-Kung4-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/theologian-Hans-Kung4-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/theologian-Hans-Kung4-768x1151.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/theologian-Hans-Kung4-1025x1536.jpg 1025w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/theologian-Hans-Kung4.jpg 1366w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-182689\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dr. K\u00fcng in 2008. He once called himself \u201can idealist without illusions.<br \/>Bernd Weissbrod\/picture-alliance, via Associated Press<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<section class=\"meteredContent css-1r7ky0e\">\n<div class=\"css-1fanzo5 StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">After being removed from that faculty in 1979, he stayed on at the university as a theology professor and director of its ecumenical institute. That left him free to suggest letting laymen help elect the pope, as well as instituting a means of firing faltering popes.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">Dr. K\u00fcng in recent years pushed \u201ca global ethic\u201d that he said all religions could endorse. The Parliament of the World\u2019s Religions in 1993 endorsed his proposals, including a more just economic order and universal adherence to the Golden Rule.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">Two years later he founded and led the Global Ethic Foundation, a research and teaching organization associated with the University of T\u00fcbingen that aims to promote ethical values worldwide and foster dialogue among religions and cultures.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">The foundation said it did not have information about Dr. K\u00fcng\u2019s survivors.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">Dr. K\u00fcng once called himself \u201can idealist without illusions.\u201d He also once said, \u201cI have not easy optimism, but serious hope.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"><\/aside>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-1fanzo5 StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">And he had a sense of humor. In 1989, The Washington Post reported, he was asked in what language he would speak at a conference. He replied that German would be easiest for him and English would be easiest for his audience.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">Or, Dr. K\u00fcng added, he could speak in Latin, \u201cso they could understand every word in Rome.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>__________________________________________________<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<div class=\"bottom-of-article\">\n<div class=\"css-1ubp8k9\">\n<div class=\"css-acwcvw\" style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em><strong class=\"css-1vg6q84\">Correction: <\/strong><time class=\"css-7j4oxu e16638kd0\" datetime=\"2021-04-07T00:00:00-04:00\">April 7, 2021 &#8211; <\/time>An earlier version of this obituary misstated the middle initial of the priest and author Andrew Greeley, who wrote about Dr. K\u00fcng in his book \u201c<\/em>The Making of the Popes 1978<em>.\u201d It was M, not W.<\/em><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"bottom-of-article\">\n<div class=\"css-1ubp8k9\">\n<div class=\"css-acwcvw\">\n<p><em>Alex Traub contributed reporting.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>A version of this article appears in print on <span class=\"css-1dmwf73\" data-testid=\"todays-date\">April 7, 2021<\/span>, Section B, Page 10 of the New York edition with the headline: Hans K\u00fcng, Catholic Theologian and Relentless Critic of the Church, Dies at 93.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2021\/04\/06\/world\/europe\/hans-kung-dead.html\" >Go to Original &#8211; nytimes.com<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hans K\u00fcng, a Swiss Roman Catholic theologian and priest whose brilliantly disputatious, lucidly expressed thoughts in more than 50 books and countless speeches advanced ecumenism and provoked the Vatican to censure him, died on 6 Apr 2021 in Germany. He was 93.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":182687,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[226],"tags":[97,303,1142,89,107,805,695,1390],"class_list":["post-182684","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-obituaries","tag-catholic-church","tag-christianity","tag-obituary","tag-pope","tag-religion","tag-spirituality","tag-theology","tag-vatican"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/182684","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=182684"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/182684\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/182687"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=182684"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=182684"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=182684"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}