{"id":195909,"date":"2021-09-27T12:00:11","date_gmt":"2021-09-27T11:00:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/?p=195909"},"modified":"2021-09-26T09:56:32","modified_gmt":"2021-09-26T08:56:32","slug":"mark-zuckerbergs-metaverse-is-a-dystopian-nightmare","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2021\/09\/mark-zuckerbergs-metaverse-is-a-dystopian-nightmare\/","title":{"rendered":"Mark Zuckerberg\u2019s \u201cMetaverse\u201d Is a Dystopian Nightmare"},"content":{"rendered":"<blockquote>\n<p class=\"po-hr-cn__dek\"><em>The Facebook founder intends to usher in a new era of the internet where there\u2019s no distinction between the virtual and the real \u2014 and no logging off.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<div id=\"attachment_195911\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Mark_Zuckerberg.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-195911\" class=\"wp-image-195911\" src=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Mark_Zuckerberg.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"198\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Mark_Zuckerberg.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Mark_Zuckerberg-300x198.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Mark_Zuckerberg-768x506.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-195911\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg speaks at a conference in 2018.<br \/>(Anthony Quintano \/ Flickr)<\/p><\/div>\n<p><em>25 Sep 2021 &#8211; <\/em>While his fellow tech CEOs try to <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/science-environment-55564448#:~:text=SpaceX,people%20to%20the%20Red%20Planet.\" >usher in<\/a> an era of mass <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/science-environment-57849364#:~:text=Billionaire%20Jeff%20Bezos%20has%20made,his%20rocket%20ship%2C%20New%20Shepard.&amp;text=New%20Shepard%2C%20built%20by%20Bezos,burgeoning%20market%20for%20space%20tourism.\" >interplanetary travel<\/a>, Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg is dreaming of expansion not into outer space but cyberspace. The lords of Silicon Valley are all done with earthly reality, but as Elon Musk and Jeff Bezos arrange plans to physically leave, Zuckerberg wants to program a better earthly experience \u2014 one curated by Facebook.<\/p>\n<section id=\"ch-0\" class=\"po-cn__intro po-wp__intro\">In July, Zuckerberg announced that Facebook is in the process of transitioning into a \u201cMetaverse\u201d company over the next half decade. The social media giant wants to morph into an all-consuming, all-encompassing platform with relationships, work, commerce, and entertainment commingling under one big tent.If that\u2019s vague, it\u2019s because the Metaverse is an octopus with a nearly infinite number of arms and no single blueprint, which is why many are calling it the Web 3.0. It\u2019s \u201cthe successor to the mobile internet,\u201d Zuckerberg told <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.theverge.com\/22588022\/mark-zuckerberg-facebook-ceo-metaverse-interview\" >the <em>Verge<\/em><\/a> last month. \u201cYou can think about the Metaverse as an embodied internet, where instead of just viewing content \u2014 you are in it.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>As part of his initial Metaverse media blitz, the Great Hoodied One appeared on CBS News last month to play show-and-tell with Horizon Workrooms and demonstrate what being \u201cinside the internet\u201d actually means.<\/p>\n<p>Workrooms, Facebook\u2019s attempt at trumping Zoom, is an immersive conference call program where coworkers don an Oculus VR helmet and share a virtual office space to, say, scribble notes on a digital whiteboard using hand gestures while their avatars mimic their own movements. The demo looks laughably underwhelming (the cartoonish avatars look like what would happen if Nintendo made an app called Wii Work), but it\u2019s easy to see why management might flock to a gentle, brightly colored panoptic workplace where it\u2019s impossible to escape the gaze of your boss, even in your own bedroom.<\/p>\n<aside class=\"sr-at__slot sr-at__slot--left prt-x\"><\/aside>\n<p>According to Zuckerberg, Horizon Workrooms is just a taste of what\u2019s to come. \u201cFive years from now, people will be able to live where they want and work from wherever they want but feel present when they do it,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n<p>If the Metaverse idea expands beyond the goofy CGI-driven trickery seen through the goggles of an Oculus helmet, the idea of \u201cbeing present\u201d may change altogether over the coming years (though Zuckerberg\u2019s half-decade timeline seems optimistic). Many of the Metaverse\u2019s architects envision a future in which physical, augmented, and virtual realities converge into a single enhanced reality governed by a shared economic and media consumption system.<\/p>\n<p>Venture capitalist Matthew Ball outlined the Metaverse concept in an influential <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.matthewball.vc\/all\/themetaverse\" >essay<\/a> last January. The Metaverse \u201cwould revolutionize not just the infrastructure layer of the digital world, but also much of the physical one, as well as all the services and platforms atop them, how they work, and what they sell,\u201d he wrote. In other words, the Metaverse would create a whole new ownership realm of consumer goods.<\/p>\n<p>Imagine, for instance, that you buy a <em>Rick and Morty<\/em>\u2013themed skin for your digital avatar in the video game <em>Fortnite<\/em>. That\u2019s currently possible, but only by purchasing 1,500 of <em>Fortnite<\/em>\u2019s in-game currency V-Bucks. Suiting up as Rick Sanchez only works in the popular battle royale shooter. A Metaverse infrastructure would theoretically enable you to transfer the digital outfit to wear it at an online Lady Gaga concert (planned for <em>Fortnite<\/em> next year) or during a group Peloton workout with friends.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<aside class=\"pq pq--center\"><em><strong><q>If the Metaverse sounds like something ripped from the pages of a science-fiction novel, that\u2019s because it was.<\/q><\/strong><\/em><\/aside>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>Let\u2019s say you took the prank too far, and the boss is annoyed that you show up to a real-life meeting as the cartoon scientist, which everyone sees through their Ray-Ban <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ray-ban.com\/usa\/ray-ban-stories\" >smart glasses<\/a>. You then sheepishly decide to trade the costume for currency in the form of a \u201c<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/opensea.io\/collection\/cool-cats-nft\" >Cool Cats<\/a>\u201d non-fungible token (NFT) and a handful of Dogecoin. Or perhaps the opposite happens, and you come to love it so much that you want to not only keep the Rick skin forever, but put it in your will and pass it on to your kids when you die. All of this and more would be possible in the Metaverse.<\/p>\n<p>If this vision sounds like something ripped from the pages of a science-fiction novel, that\u2019s because it was.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"ch-1\" class=\"po-cn__section po-wp__section\">\n<h3 class=\"po-cn__subhead po-wp__subhead\">The Gargoylification of Society<\/h3>\n<p>The term Metaverse first appears in Neal Stephenson\u2019s 1992 novel <em>Snow Crash<\/em>, which follows the futuristic adventures of Hiro, a pizza delivery driver for the Mafia who moonlights as a hacker, immersed in what\u2019s described as \u201ca computer-generated universe that his computer is drawing onto his goggles and pumping into his earphones.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The book has long been a Bible for the priests of high tech. Stephenson is revered as a prophet, credited for inventing the concepts of avatars and cryptocurrency in addition to the Metaverse. <em>Snow Crash<\/em> was once required reading for Facebook\u2019s management team. Stephenson was befriended by Bezos and hired by the augmented reality company Magic Leap in 2014 to help actually build the Metaverse.<\/p>\n<p>Apparently, no one in Silicon Valley has a sense of irony. <em>Snow Crash<\/em> is a dystopian novel, not a utopian one.<\/p>\n<p>The digital realms of <em>Snow Crash<\/em>\u2019s Metaverse are even more insidious than the playground-like purgatories it helped inspire in pop culture offerings like the <em>Matrix<\/em> movies or the novel <em>Ready Player One.<\/em> Swallowing the red pill in <em>The Matrix<\/em> means piercing the veil of illusion and experiencing an authentic world. Likewise, <em>Ready Player One<\/em>\u2019s OASIS is akin to being plugged into the world\u2019s most advanced PlayStation, one which you can easily leave.<\/p>\n<p>Some users log in and out of terminals in <em>Snow Crash<\/em>, but \u201cgargoyles,\u201d a class of characters who wear reality-enhancing devices at all times, never truly do. For gargoyles, who inhabit the Metaverse at all times, there is no \u201clogging on\u201d and \u201clogging off.\u201d Stephenson writes:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em>Gargoyles are no fun to talk to. They never finish a sentence. They are adrift in a laser-drawn world, scanning retinas in all directions, doing background checks on everyone within a thousand yards, seeing everything in visual light, infrared, millimeter-wave radar, and ultrasound all at once.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>By making real designs to usher in the Metaverse, Silicon Valley is trying to turn us all into gargoyles.<\/p>\n<p>French philosopher Jean Baudrillard had a word for this condition: <em>hyperreality<\/em>, where reality and simulation are so seamlessly blended together that there\u2019s no clear distinction between worlds. Ultimately, he speculated, the difference wouldn\u2019t matter because people would derive more meaning and value from the simulated world anyway.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<aside class=\"pq pq--left\"><em><strong><q>For gargoyles, who inhabit the Metaverse at all times, there is no \u2018logging on\u2019 and \u2018logging off.\u2019<\/q><\/strong><\/em><\/aside>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>If the Metaverse can\u2019t be separated from real life, then the Metaverse<em> is<\/em> real life, to the point where the term \u201cMetaverse\u201d itself eventually fades away and the constructed reality is rendered invisible. Consider how capitalism became something like the West\u2019s version of Windows, an operating system quietly running in the background in the neoliberal era. The End of Reality could become the new End of History.<\/p>\n<p>Can you imagine the power of those pulling the strings of this new reality? Zuckerberg can.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"ch-2\" class=\"po-cn__section po-wp__section\">\n<h3 class=\"po-cn__subhead po-wp__subhead\">Ready World One<\/h3>\n<p>Some regard the Metaverse as nothing but vaporware. After Zuckerberg\u2019s announcement several critics, including on the Left, have dismissed it as \u201c<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/newrepublic.com\/article\/163461\/metaverse-horizon-workrooms-facebook-soulless-virtual-reality\" >digital hokum<\/a>\u201d or a boondoggle \u201cfor babies,\u201d as <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gawker.com\/tech\/the-metaverse-is-for-babies\" >Gawker sneered<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>A generation ago, many boomers and young Gen Xers shrugged off news about the coming of the original internet or laughed at the idea that it would change society forever. I know this personally because, in the winter of 1994, I wrote a feature for my high school newspaper with the headline, \u201cWhat Is the Internet?\u201d and it earned a lot of confused looks. But then a funny thing happened: The nerds won, and the internet actually did change everything.<\/p>\n<p>The evidence that Web 3.0 is on its way is everywhere. Over the last two decades, we\u2019ve increasingly abandoned shared physical and public spaces \u2014 what Baudrillard called the \u201cdesert of the real\u201d \u2014 for the ecstasies of hyperreality and experiences mediated through screens. Ever wonder why we need the word \u201clived\u201d as a modifier placed before \u201cexperience\u201d now?<\/p>\n<aside class=\"sr-at__slot sr-at__slot--left prt-x\"><\/aside>\n<p>When <em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.vanityfair.com\/news\/2017\/06\/neal-stephenson-metaverse-snow-crash-silicon-valley-virtual-reality\" >Vanity Fair<\/a><\/em> asked Stephenson about his novels predicting the current age, he said, \u201cThe practice of going around hunched over a rectangle in your hand is completely normal now, and when I see somebody in a car or walking down the street hundreds of feet away, I can tell that they\u2019re texting just by their posture.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>COVID-19 pandemic policies like quarantine and social distancing have shifted the move to a digital-first society into hyperdrive. During lockdown, average digital device usage increased by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fhumd.2021.684137\/full\" >five hours<\/a> a day, with heavy users glued to their devices for about 17.5 hours a day. Zoom now has <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/mashable.com\/article\/zoom-300-million-users-coronavirus\/?europe=true\" >300 million<\/a> users, compared to just 10 million in December 2019. Google, Facebook, Apple, and Amazon \u2014\u00a0 the Big Four of the information economy \u2014 are now \u201ctoo big to fail,\u201d just as the nation\u2019s top-tier banks and manufacturers were in the late aughts.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<aside class=\"pq pq--right\"><em><strong><q>Ever wonder why we need the word \u2018lived\u2019 as a modifier placed before \u2018experience\u2019 now?<\/q><\/strong><\/em><\/aside>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>Even many protest groups like QAnon, the boogaloo bois, and antifa have a hyperreal quality, as if they emerged from the fringe corners of the internet and onto the streets like costumed online avatars come to life. The surge in popularity of Reddit-driven meme stocks, cryptocurrency, and NFTs hint that our economy is headed that way too, with Elon Musk able to make or break fortunes with <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cnbc.com\/2021\/01\/29\/elon-musks-tweets-are-moving-markets.html\" >a single tweet<\/a>. In a very real sense, digital work, play, shopping, socialization, and politics are already replacing rather than supplementing their physical world equivalents.<\/p>\n<p>Video games already have a Metaverse-like quality. In 2020, rap star Travis Scott performed five virtual concerts in <em>Fortnite<\/em>, which Epic Games claims were attended <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/FortniteGame\/status\/1254817584676929537\" >by 27.7 million<\/a> players. Roughly 1.5 million people a day play <em>Axie Infinity<\/em>, a game in which users fork over hundreds of real dollars to raise Pok\u00e9mon-like creatures on their PCs in the hopes of breeding a rare type that can earn high amounts of crypto. A not-insignificant number of young people are dropping out of the formal economy to farm Axies all day. To phrase it in Twitter-speak: the gig economy is tired; the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/venturebeat.com\/2018\/04\/18\/the-leisure-economy-where-we-all-get-paid-to-play-games\/\" >leisure economy<\/a> is wired.<\/p>\n<p>Silicon Valley sees the foundation for the Metaverse already in place, and perhaps with good reason. A change as fundamental as this \u201cis always a multi-decade, iterative process,\u201d Ball wrote, \u201cand yet, despite that fact, there is an unmistakable sense over the past few years that the foundational pieces are coming together in a way that feels very new and very different.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"ch-3\" class=\"po-cn__section po-wp__section\">\n<h3 class=\"po-cn__subhead po-wp__subhead\">Secrets of the Metaverse<\/h3>\n<p>Silicon Valley titans like Bezos, Musk, and Zuckerberg believe they\u2019re ultimately mankind\u2019s saviors, not its villains. They grew up fans of Gene Roddenberry\u2019s original <em>Star Trek<\/em>, a work of televised science fiction that envisioned space as a blank canvas for an improved society that favored exploration without colonialism, diplomacy over war, and commerce minus greed.<\/p>\n<p>Bezos and Musk aren\u2019t so bold as to reach for space socialism-lite. They seem to have resigned themselves to the grim fact that the earth is dying and, therefore, humanity needs an escape pod to a brave new world operating under the same old free-market capitalism, only with an even greater emphasis on the \u201cfree\u201d part.<\/p>\n<p>But while space is fascinating to study from afar, as a place to live, breathe, and thrive, well \u2014 it sucks. Perhaps that\u2019s why Mark Zuckerberg is opting out of this particular space race and focusing on the Metaverse. After all, Facebook\u2019s own history proves that it\u2019s much easier to colonize minds than Mars.<\/p>\n<p>Zuckerberg\u2019s own brand of techno-utopianism isn\u2019t new. It\u2019s a reboot of the ideology of the post-\u201960s cyber-prophets who saw the World Wide Web as a potential nether realm of New Age liberalism and liberation, an almost spiritual journey that would free us from borders and laws and break the chains of body and mind. But his version is watered down.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<aside class=\"pq pq--center\"><em><strong><q>Facebook\u2019s own history proves that it\u2019s much easier to colonize minds than Mars.<\/q><\/strong><\/em><\/aside>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u201cI believe the world is better when more people have a voice to share their experiences, and when traditional gatekeepers like governments and media companies don\u2019t control what ideas can be expressed,\u201d Zuckerberg said in 2019. Notice that he speaks of individual free expression and not capital, labor, or even democracy. That\u2019s the kind of internet we\u2019ve inherited: a monopolistic digital shopping mall rather than a commune. And the society it\u2019s helped produce resembles <em>Snow Crash<\/em>, not <em>Star Trek.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>A careful reader of Stephenson\u2019s novel will know this is tragic. In the bleak universe of <em>Snow Crash, <\/em>the government has retreated into irrelevance and the land is divided up into franchised city-states ruled by big businesses. The triumph of anarcho-capitalism has in turn led to skyrocketing inequality and deteriorated material conditions, while the Metaverse provides the masses with a refuge \u2014 or at least a distraction \u2014 from the fallen society around them.<\/p>\n<p>_______________________________________________<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>Ryan Zickgraf is an Alabama-based journalist and is the editor of <\/em><cite>Third Rail Mag<\/cite>.<\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/jacobinmag.com\/2021\/09\/facebook-zuckerberg-metaverse-stephenson-big-tech\" >Go to Original &#8211; jacobin.com<\/a><\/p>\n<\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>25 Sep 2021 &#8211; The Facebook founder intends to usher in a new era of the internet where there\u2019s no distinction between the virtual and the real \u2014 and no logging off.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":195911,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[60],"tags":[958,1007,234,2689,1706,2166,1006,2165],"class_list":["post-195909","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-whistleblowing-surveillance","tag-control","tag-facebook","tag-media","tag-metaverse","tag-mind-control","tag-reality","tag-social-media","tag-virtual-reality"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/195909","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=195909"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/195909\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/195911"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=195909"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=195909"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=195909"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}