{"id":211194,"date":"2022-05-09T12:00:10","date_gmt":"2022-05-09T11:00:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/?p=211194"},"modified":"2022-05-09T03:39:55","modified_gmt":"2022-05-09T02:39:55","slug":"why-should-russia-and-the-united-states-be-enemies-when-they-have-a-240-year-history-of-international-friendship-and-support","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2022\/05\/why-should-russia-and-the-united-states-be-enemies-when-they-have-a-240-year-history-of-international-friendship-and-support\/","title":{"rendered":"Why Should Russia and the United States Be Enemies When They Have a 240-Year History of International Friendship and Support?"},"content":{"rendered":"<blockquote><p><em>April 25 marked the 77<sup>th<\/sup> anniversary of the \u201cOath of the Elbe,\u201d when U.S. and Russian soldiers embraced in a historic meeting on the Elbe River in Torgau, Germany, to mark the final end of the Third Reich and pledge mutual understanding, empathy and peaceful relations between the U.S. and Soviet Union.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><div id=\"attachment_211196\" style=\"width: 560px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/meeting-of-u-s-and-soviet-forces-on-the-elbe-rive-usa-russia-friends.webp\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-211196\" class=\"wp-image-211196\" src=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/meeting-of-u-s-and-soviet-forces-on-the-elbe-rive-usa-russia-friends.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"550\" height=\"413\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/meeting-of-u-s-and-soviet-forces-on-the-elbe-rive-usa-russia-friends.webp 696w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/meeting-of-u-s-and-soviet-forces-on-the-elbe-rive-usa-russia-friends-300x225.webp 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 550px) 100vw, 550px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-211196\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">U.S. and Soviet troops embrace on the Elbe River on April 25, 1945, to celebrate their defeat of Nazism. [Source: history.com]<\/p><\/div><em>7 May 2022 &#8211; <\/em>Despite today\u2019s hysterical hostility towards Russia\u2014fomented by U.S. corporate interests, implemented by opportunistic politicians, and enflamed by a complicit mass media\u2014the Russian and American people have a long tradition of friendship and mutual support.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>A Suppressed History <\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Long forgotten is a history of U.S.-Russian cooperation that goes back to the era of Catherine the Great who supported the American revolution.<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\" data-carousel-extra=\"{&quot;blog_id&quot;:1,&quot;permalink&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/covertactionmagazine.com\\\/2022\\\/05\\\/07\\\/why-should-russia-and-the-united-states-be-enemies-when-they-have-a-240-year-history-of-international-friendship-and-support\\\/&quot;}\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-37623 td-animation-stack-type0-2\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/a-portrait-of-a-person-description-automatically.jpeg?resize=154%2C188&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"A portrait of a person\n\nDescription automatically generated with medium confidence\" width=\"154\" height=\"188\" data-attachment-id=\"37623\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/covertactionmagazine.com\/2022\/05\/07\/why-should-russia-and-the-united-states-be-enemies-when-they-have-a-240-year-history-of-international-friendship-and-support\/a-portrait-of-a-person-description-automatically\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/a-portrait-of-a-person-description-automatically.jpeg?fit=220%2C277&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"220,277\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"a-portrait-of-a-person-description-automatically\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/a-portrait-of-a-person-description-automatically.jpeg?fit=220%2C277&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/a-portrait-of-a-person-description-automatically.jpeg?fit=220%2C277&amp;ssl=1\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><figcaption>Catherine the Great [Source: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Russia_and_the_American_Revolution\" >wikipedia.org<\/a>]<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/1836701?seq=1\" >Believing that the American colonists were right<\/a>, Catherine <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/theworld.org\/stories\/2017-07-04\/how-russian-meddling-impacted-american-revolution\" >refused a request by King George for 20,000 Russian troops to help crush the revolution<\/a>. King George subsequently tried to <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/russiancouncil.ru\/en\/blogs\/alexey-viryasov\/how-russia-saved-the-united-states-twice\/\" >bribe Catherine by offering an island of Menorca in the Mediterranean Sea in exchange for convincing France to exit the war and thus forcing the American rebels to fight alone. Again, however, the offer was turned down<\/a>.<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\" data-carousel-extra=\"{&quot;blog_id&quot;:1,&quot;permalink&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/covertactionmagazine.com\\\/2022\\\/05\\\/07\\\/why-should-russia-and-the-united-states-be-enemies-when-they-have-a-240-year-history-of-international-friendship-and-support\\\/&quot;}\">\n<figure class=\"alignright is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-37624 td-animation-stack-type0-2\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/president-franklin-pierce.jpeg?resize=216%2C249&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"President Franklin Pierce\" width=\"216\" height=\"249\" data-attachment-id=\"37624\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/covertactionmagazine.com\/2022\/05\/07\/why-should-russia-and-the-united-states-be-enemies-when-they-have-a-240-year-history-of-international-friendship-and-support\/president-franklin-pierce\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/president-franklin-pierce.jpeg?fit=400%2C479&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"400,479\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"president-franklin-pierce\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/president-franklin-pierce.jpeg?fit=251%2C300&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/president-franklin-pierce.jpeg?fit=400%2C479&amp;ssl=1\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><figcaption>Franklin Pierce [Source: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/constitutionus.com\/presidents\/president-franklin-pierce\/\" >constitutionus.com<\/a>]<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p>During the Crimean War in the 1850s, when Russia was invaded by Britain, France and Turkey, President Franklin Pierce <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtontimes.com\/news\/2018\/jan\/25\/poor-state-us-russia-relations-does-not-serve-amer\/\" >sent arms and munitions, as well as engineers and doctors, to assist the Russians<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Russia returned the favor during the American Civil War (1861-1865), when Abraham Lincoln called for Russian help because Great Britain and France began supporting the Southern Confederacy in an attempt to destabilize and weaken the United States.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignwide\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-37625 td-animation-stack-type0-2\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/lesspgreatercartoon-depicting-abraham-lincoln-and-alexander.jpeg?resize=696%2C536&amp;ssl=1\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 696px) 100vw, 696px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/lesspgreatercartoon-depicting-abraham-lincoln-and-alexander.jpeg?w=899&amp;ssl=1 899w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/lesspgreatercartoon-depicting-abraham-lincoln-and-alexander.jpeg?resize=300%2C231&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/lesspgreatercartoon-depicting-abraham-lincoln-and-alexander.jpeg?resize=768%2C591&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/lesspgreatercartoon-depicting-abraham-lincoln-and-alexander.jpeg?resize=150%2C115&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/lesspgreatercartoon-depicting-abraham-lincoln-and-alexander.jpeg?resize=696%2C536&amp;ssl=1 696w\" alt=\"&lt;p&gt;Cartoon depicting Abraham Lincoln and Alexander II shaking hands as fighting and death take place around them (Photo: Getty Images)&lt;\/p&gt;\" width=\"696\" height=\"536\" data-attachment-id=\"37625\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/covertactionmagazine.com\/2022\/05\/07\/why-should-russia-and-the-united-states-be-enemies-when-they-have-a-240-year-history-of-international-friendship-and-support\/lesspgreatercartoon-depicting-abraham-lincoln-and-alexander\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/lesspgreatercartoon-depicting-abraham-lincoln-and-alexander.jpeg?fit=899%2C692&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"899,692\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"lesspgreatercartoon-depicting-abraham-lincoln-and-alexander\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/lesspgreatercartoon-depicting-abraham-lincoln-and-alexander.jpeg?fit=300%2C231&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/lesspgreatercartoon-depicting-abraham-lincoln-and-alexander.jpeg?fit=696%2C536&amp;ssl=1\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><figcaption>Cartoon depicting Abraham Lincoln and Russian Czar Alexander II shaking hands as fighting rages all around them. [Source: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/usrussiarelations.org\/2\/timeline\/first-contact\/30\" >usrussiarelations.org<\/a>]<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>The Russians sent the Imperial Navy\u2019s flagship, <em>Alexander Nevsky<\/em>, along with four other vessels into New York harbor four days after the Union defeat at the Battle of Chickamauga as a warning for the British and French to back off\u2014which they did.<sup><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/covertactionmagazine.com\/2022\/05\/07\/why-should-russia-and-the-united-states-be-enemies-when-they-have-a-240-year-history-of-international-friendship-and-support\/#post-37621-footnote-1\" id=\"post-37621-footnote-ref-1\" >[1]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignwide size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-37626 td-animation-stack-type0-2\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/a-picture-containing-boat-watercraft-outdoor-tr.jpeg?resize=565%2C321&amp;ssl=1\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 565px) 100vw, 565px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/a-picture-containing-boat-watercraft-outdoor-tr.jpeg?w=565&amp;ssl=1 565w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/a-picture-containing-boat-watercraft-outdoor-tr.jpeg?resize=300%2C170&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/a-picture-containing-boat-watercraft-outdoor-tr.jpeg?resize=150%2C85&amp;ssl=1 150w\" alt=\"A picture containing boat, watercraft, outdoor, transport Description automatically generated\" width=\"565\" height=\"321\" data-attachment-id=\"37626\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/covertactionmagazine.com\/2022\/05\/07\/why-should-russia-and-the-united-states-be-enemies-when-they-have-a-240-year-history-of-international-friendship-and-support\/a-picture-containing-boat-watercraft-outdoor-tr\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/a-picture-containing-boat-watercraft-outdoor-tr.jpeg?fit=565%2C321&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"565,321\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"a-picture-containing-boat-watercraft-outdoor-tr\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/a-picture-containing-boat-watercraft-outdoor-tr.jpeg?fit=300%2C170&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/a-picture-containing-boat-watercraft-outdoor-tr.jpeg?fit=565%2C321&amp;ssl=1\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><figcaption>Russian Imperial Navy\u2019s flagship, <em>Alexander Nevsky<\/em>, sailing into New York harbor as depicted in <em>Harper\u2019s Weekly<\/em>. [Source: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boweryboyshistory.com\/2022\/02\/150-years-ago-russians-invaded-new-york.html\" >boweryboyshistory.com<\/a>]<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Secretary of the Navy Gideon Welles wrote in his diary afterwards: \u201cGod Bless the Russians,\u201d while future Supreme Court Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr., a Union army lieutenant, wrote a song about \u201cthe nation who was our friend when the world was our foe.\u201d<sup><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/covertactionmagazine.com\/2022\/05\/07\/why-should-russia-and-the-united-states-be-enemies-when-they-have-a-240-year-history-of-international-friendship-and-support\/#post-37621-footnote-2\" id=\"post-37621-footnote-ref-2\" >[2]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery aligncenter columns-2 is-cropped\">\n<ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\" data-carousel-extra=\"{&quot;blog_id&quot;:1,&quot;permalink&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/covertactionmagazine.com\\\/2022\\\/05\\\/07\\\/why-should-russia-and-the-united-states-be-enemies-when-they-have-a-240-year-history-of-international-friendship-and-support\\\/&quot;}\">\n<li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\">\n<figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-37627 td-animation-stack-type0-2\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/a-person-with-a-beard-description-automatically-g.jpeg?resize=220%2C275&amp;ssl=1\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 220px) 100vw, 220px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/a-person-with-a-beard-description-automatically-g.jpeg?w=220&amp;ssl=1 220w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/a-person-with-a-beard-description-automatically-g.jpeg?resize=150%2C188&amp;ssl=1 150w\" alt=\"A person with a beard\n\nDescription automatically generated with low confidence\" width=\"220\" height=\"275\" data-attachment-id=\"37627\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/covertactionmagazine.com\/2022\/05\/07\/why-should-russia-and-the-united-states-be-enemies-when-they-have-a-240-year-history-of-international-friendship-and-support\/a-person-with-a-beard-description-automatically-g-13\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/a-person-with-a-beard-description-automatically-g.jpeg?fit=220%2C275&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"220,275\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"a-person-with-a-beard-description-automatically-g\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/a-person-with-a-beard-description-automatically-g.jpeg?fit=220%2C275&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/a-person-with-a-beard-description-automatically-g.jpeg?fit=220%2C275&amp;ssl=1\" data-id=\"37627\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Gideon Welles [Source: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gideon_Welles#\/media\/File:Gideon_Welles_cph.3b20114.jpg\" >wikipedia.org<\/a>]<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\">\n<figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-37628 td-animation-stack-type0-2\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/a-person-wearing-a-uniform-description-automatica.jpeg?resize=220%2C307&amp;ssl=1\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 220px) 100vw, 220px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/a-person-wearing-a-uniform-description-automatica.jpeg?w=220&amp;ssl=1 220w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/a-person-wearing-a-uniform-description-automatica.jpeg?resize=215%2C300&amp;ssl=1 215w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/a-person-wearing-a-uniform-description-automatica.jpeg?resize=150%2C209&amp;ssl=1 150w\" alt=\"A person wearing a uniform\n\nDescription automatically generated with low confidence\" width=\"220\" height=\"307\" data-attachment-id=\"37628\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/covertactionmagazine.com\/2022\/05\/07\/why-should-russia-and-the-united-states-be-enemies-when-they-have-a-240-year-history-of-international-friendship-and-support\/a-person-wearing-a-uniform-description-automatica-3\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/a-person-wearing-a-uniform-description-automatica.jpeg?fit=220%2C307&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"220,307\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"a-person-wearing-a-uniform-description-automatica\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/a-person-wearing-a-uniform-description-automatica.jpeg?fit=215%2C300&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/a-person-wearing-a-uniform-description-automatica.jpeg?fit=220%2C307&amp;ssl=1\" data-id=\"37628\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. [Source: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Oliver_Wendell_Holmes_Jr.#\/media\/File:Oliver_Wendell_Holmes_Jr_daguerreotype_1861_crop.jpeg\" >wikipedia.org<\/a>]<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/figure>\n<p>In <em>Lincoln and the Russians<\/em> (1952), historian Albert A. Woldman wrote:<\/p>\n<p>\u201cNew York City, gaily bedecked with American and Russian flags, bubbled over with sumptuous hospitality for the Muscovite naval officers wearing gold laced chapeaux [who] were cheered as they were being driven up Broadway. The city\u2019s merchants and businessmen gave a banquet in their honor at the Astor House and there was a Grand Ball for the officers at the Academy of Music [which] according to the editor of Harper\u2019s Weekly was undoubtedly the greatest ball every given in this country, with excepting the ball to the Prince of Wales.\u201d<sup><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/covertactionmagazine.com\/2022\/05\/07\/why-should-russia-and-the-united-states-be-enemies-when-they-have-a-240-year-history-of-international-friendship-and-support\/#post-37621-footnote-3\" id=\"post-37621-footnote-ref-3\" >[3]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignwide\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-37629 td-animation-stack-type0-2\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/the-great-russian-ball-at-the-academy-of-music-no.jpeg?resize=592%2C424&amp;ssl=1\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 592px) 100vw, 592px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/the-great-russian-ball-at-the-academy-of-music-no.jpeg?w=592&amp;ssl=1 592w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/the-great-russian-ball-at-the-academy-of-music-no.jpeg?resize=300%2C215&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/the-great-russian-ball-at-the-academy-of-music-no.jpeg?resize=150%2C107&amp;ssl=1 150w\" alt=\"The great Russian ball at the Academy of Music, Nov. 5, 1863.\" width=\"592\" height=\"424\" data-attachment-id=\"37629\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/covertactionmagazine.com\/2022\/05\/07\/why-should-russia-and-the-united-states-be-enemies-when-they-have-a-240-year-history-of-international-friendship-and-support\/the-great-russian-ball-at-the-academy-of-music-no\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/the-great-russian-ball-at-the-academy-of-music-no.jpeg?fit=592%2C424&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"592,424\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"the-great-russian-ball-at-the-academy-of-music-no\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/the-great-russian-ball-at-the-academy-of-music-no.jpeg?fit=300%2C215&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/the-great-russian-ball-at-the-academy-of-music-no.jpeg?fit=592%2C424&amp;ssl=1\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><figcaption>Great Russian Ball at the Academy of Music, November 5, 1863. The tables were decorated with the likenesses of Washington and Peter the Great, of Lincoln and Czar Alexander. <em>Harper\u2019s Weekly<\/em> referred to the Russians as \u201cSlavic heroes,\u201d and described the Ball as a \u201cvery wonderful and indescribable phantasmagoria of humanity.\u201d [Source: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com\/2013\/11\/08\/the-russians-are-coming\/\" >opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com<\/a>]<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><em>Harper\u2019s Weekly<\/em> specified that the feting of the Russian sailors had \u201ca political significance\u2026.Every [U.S.] citizen felt bound to do what in him lay to testify to the Russians our sense of gratitude for the friendly manner in which Russia has stood by us in our present struggle, while the Western powers have done not a little to work our ruin.\u201d<sup><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/covertactionmagazine.com\/2022\/05\/07\/why-should-russia-and-the-united-states-be-enemies-when-they-have-a-240-year-history-of-international-friendship-and-support\/#post-37621-footnote-4\" id=\"post-37621-footnote-ref-4\" >[4]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>How quickly we forget!<\/p>\n<p>Lincoln was generally a visionary who understood the benefits of close diplomatic relations with the Russians. The great man of letters, Leo Tolstoy, praised Lincoln as \u201ca man of whom a nation has the right to be proud; a Christ in miniature, a saint of humanity whose name will live thousands of years in the legends of future generations.\u201d<sup><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/covertactionmagazine.com\/2022\/05\/07\/why-should-russia-and-the-united-states-be-enemies-when-they-have-a-240-year-history-of-international-friendship-and-support\/#post-37621-footnote-5\" id=\"post-37621-footnote-ref-5\" >[5]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignwide\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-37630 td-animation-stack-type0-2\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/54-leo-tolstoy-stock-photos-pictures-and-royalty-fr.jpeg?resize=421%2C612&amp;ssl=1\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 421px) 100vw, 421px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/54-leo-tolstoy-stock-photos-pictures-and-royalty-fr.jpeg?w=421&amp;ssl=1 421w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/54-leo-tolstoy-stock-photos-pictures-and-royalty-fr.jpeg?resize=206%2C300&amp;ssl=1 206w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/54-leo-tolstoy-stock-photos-pictures-and-royalty-fr.jpeg?resize=150%2C218&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/54-leo-tolstoy-stock-photos-pictures-and-royalty-fr.jpeg?resize=300%2C436&amp;ssl=1 300w\" alt=\"54 Leo Tolstoy Stock Photos, Pictures &amp; Royalty-Free Images - iStock\" width=\"421\" height=\"612\" data-attachment-id=\"37630\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/covertactionmagazine.com\/2022\/05\/07\/why-should-russia-and-the-united-states-be-enemies-when-they-have-a-240-year-history-of-international-friendship-and-support\/antique-photograph-lev-tolstoj\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/54-leo-tolstoy-stock-photos-pictures-and-royalty-fr.jpeg?fit=421%2C612&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"421,612\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;Getty Images\\\/iStockphoto&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Antique photograph: Lev Tolstoj&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Antique photograph: Lev Tolstoj&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Antique photograph: Lev Tolstoj\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Antique photograph: Lev Tolstoj&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/54-leo-tolstoy-stock-photos-pictures-and-royalty-fr.jpeg?fit=206%2C300&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/54-leo-tolstoy-stock-photos-pictures-and-royalty-fr.jpeg?fit=421%2C612&amp;ssl=1\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><figcaption>Leo Tolstoy [Source: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.istockphoto.com\/photos\/leo-tolstoy\" >istockphoto.com<\/a>]<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Tolstoy would have had similar high regard for Franklin D. Roosevelt and his Vice President Henry A. Wallace (1941-1945), who would almost certainly have embraced and implemented the Elbe spirit. But any such possibility was sabotaged when Wallace was ousted from the vice-presidency at the 1944 Democratic Party convention in Chicago in a coup and replaced with Harry S. Truman, who betrayed Roosevelt\u2019s legacy as president by starting the Cold War.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-37631 td-animation-stack-type0-2\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/collusion-with-the-ussr-why-did-fdrs-vice-presid.jpeg?resize=696%2C524&amp;ssl=1\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 696px) 100vw, 696px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/collusion-with-the-ussr-why-did-fdrs-vice-presid.jpeg?w=900&amp;ssl=1 900w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/collusion-with-the-ussr-why-did-fdrs-vice-presid.jpeg?resize=300%2C226&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/collusion-with-the-ussr-why-did-fdrs-vice-presid.jpeg?resize=768%2C579&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/collusion-with-the-ussr-why-did-fdrs-vice-presid.jpeg?resize=150%2C113&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/collusion-with-the-ussr-why-did-fdrs-vice-presid.jpeg?resize=696%2C524&amp;ssl=1 696w\" alt=\"Collusion with the USSR: Why did FDR's Vice President visit the GULAG and  praise it? - Russia Beyond\" width=\"696\" height=\"524\" data-attachment-id=\"37631\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/covertactionmagazine.com\/2022\/05\/07\/why-should-russia-and-the-united-states-be-enemies-when-they-have-a-240-year-history-of-international-friendship-and-support\/collusion-with-the-ussr-why-did-fdrs-vice-presid\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/collusion-with-the-ussr-why-did-fdrs-vice-presid.jpeg?fit=900%2C678&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"900,678\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"collusion-with-the-ussr-why-did-fdrs-vice-presid\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/collusion-with-the-ussr-why-did-fdrs-vice-presid.jpeg?fit=300%2C226&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/collusion-with-the-ussr-why-did-fdrs-vice-presid.jpeg?fit=696%2C524&amp;ssl=1\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><figcaption>Henry Wallace with Russian Colonel Ilya P. Mazuruk in Moscow in May 1944 at the height of cooperation in the anti-fascist war. [Source: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rbth.com\/history\/327846-henry-wallace-magadan-kolyma-collusion\" >rbth.com<\/a>]<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Of course, none of the above ignores the reality that the Russian-U.S. relationship has not always been \u2018wine and roses.\u2019<\/p>\n<p>Toward the end of WW I, U.S. President Woodrow Wilson joined with Britain, France and Japan to launch a military invasion of Russia that included 8,500 American soldiers. It was originally intended to block the German war effort, but after the 1917 Russian Revolution, the Allied forces stayed on until 1920 in a futile attempt to overthrow Russia\u2019s Bolshevik government.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignwide size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-37632 td-animation-stack-type0-2\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/the-vfw-once-went-to-the-soviet-union-to-retrieve.jpeg?resize=621%2C414&amp;ssl=1\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 621px) 100vw, 621px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/the-vfw-once-went-to-the-soviet-union-to-retrieve.jpeg?w=621&amp;ssl=1 621w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/the-vfw-once-went-to-the-soviet-union-to-retrieve.jpeg?resize=300%2C200&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/the-vfw-once-went-to-the-soviet-union-to-retrieve.jpeg?resize=150%2C100&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/the-vfw-once-went-to-the-soviet-union-to-retrieve.jpeg?resize=600%2C400&amp;ssl=1 600w\" alt=\"The VFW Once Went to the Soviet Union to Retrieve the Remains of US Troops | Military.com\" width=\"621\" height=\"414\" data-attachment-id=\"37632\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/covertactionmagazine.com\/2022\/05\/07\/why-should-russia-and-the-united-states-be-enemies-when-they-have-a-240-year-history-of-international-friendship-and-support\/the-vfw-once-went-to-the-soviet-union-to-retrieve\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/the-vfw-once-went-to-the-soviet-union-to-retrieve.jpeg?fit=621%2C414&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"621,414\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"the-vfw-once-went-to-the-soviet-union-to-retrieve\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/the-vfw-once-went-to-the-soviet-union-to-retrieve.jpeg?fit=300%2C200&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/the-vfw-once-went-to-the-soviet-union-to-retrieve.jpeg?fit=621%2C414&amp;ssl=1\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><figcaption>U.S. soldiers in Siberia in 1918 in an ill-fated invasion designed to overthrow the Bolsehvik revolution. [Source: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.military.com\/military-life\/vfw-once-went-soviet-union-retrieve-remains-us-troops.html\" >military.com<\/a>]<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>And after World War II, U.S. government propaganda cynically transformed Russia into a threatening demon to justify the transformation of America into a permanent military economy for the enrichment of the military-industrial complex.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignwide size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-37720 td-animation-stack-type0-2\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/FNLmC7yXIAQ4nrm.jpeg?resize=696%2C598&amp;ssl=1\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 696px) 100vw, 696px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/FNLmC7yXIAQ4nrm.jpeg?resize=1024%2C880&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/FNLmC7yXIAQ4nrm.jpeg?resize=300%2C258&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/FNLmC7yXIAQ4nrm.jpeg?resize=768%2C660&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/FNLmC7yXIAQ4nrm.jpeg?resize=1536%2C1320&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/FNLmC7yXIAQ4nrm.jpeg?resize=2048%2C1760&amp;ssl=1 2048w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/FNLmC7yXIAQ4nrm.jpeg?resize=150%2C129&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/FNLmC7yXIAQ4nrm.jpeg?resize=696%2C598&amp;ssl=1 696w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/FNLmC7yXIAQ4nrm.jpeg?resize=1068%2C918&amp;ssl=1 1068w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/FNLmC7yXIAQ4nrm.jpeg?resize=1920%2C1650&amp;ssl=1 1920w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/FNLmC7yXIAQ4nrm.jpeg?w=1392&amp;ssl=1 1392w\" alt=\"\" width=\"696\" height=\"598\" data-attachment-id=\"37720\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/covertactionmagazine.com\/2022\/05\/07\/why-should-russia-and-the-united-states-be-enemies-when-they-have-a-240-year-history-of-international-friendship-and-support\/fnlmc7yxiaq4nrm\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/FNLmC7yXIAQ4nrm.jpeg?fit=2106%2C1810&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"2106,1810\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"FNLmC7yXIAQ4nrm\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/FNLmC7yXIAQ4nrm.jpeg?fit=300%2C258&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/FNLmC7yXIAQ4nrm.jpeg?fit=696%2C598&amp;ssl=1\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><figcaption>[Source: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.blackagendareport.com\/articles\/Anti-Russia%20Hysteria\" >blackagendareport.com<\/a>]<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Nevertheless, it would be a good idea if the lost history of U.S.-Russian cooperation were to be remembered at this dark historical moment, since the fate of the world may depend on it.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Joseph Polowsky and the Elbe River Spirit <\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>A person with his own private reason for remembering this history of Russian cooperation was a Chicago taxi driver named Joseph Polowsky.<\/p>\n<p>Every year on April 25, prior to his death from cancer in 1983, Polowsky would stand on the Michigan Avenue bridge and pass out leaflets calling for a halt to the spread of nuclear weapons and Cold War.<\/p>\n<p>When approached by passersby, he would tell them about the historic meeting between American and Russian soldiers at the end of World War II, along the Elbe River in Central Europe.<\/p>\n<p>Polowsky didn\u2019t just know the details of the meeting, which marked a crucial step toward the end of the war, he had taken part in it.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-37634 td-animation-stack-type0-2\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/a-picture-containing-text-military-uniform-perso.jpeg?resize=696%2C451&amp;ssl=1\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 696px) 100vw, 696px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/a-picture-containing-text-military-uniform-perso.jpeg?w=1154&amp;ssl=1 1154w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/a-picture-containing-text-military-uniform-perso.jpeg?resize=300%2C195&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/a-picture-containing-text-military-uniform-perso.jpeg?resize=1024%2C665&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/a-picture-containing-text-military-uniform-perso.jpeg?resize=768%2C498&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/a-picture-containing-text-military-uniform-perso.jpeg?resize=150%2C97&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/a-picture-containing-text-military-uniform-perso.jpeg?resize=696%2C452&amp;ssl=1 696w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/a-picture-containing-text-military-uniform-perso.jpeg?resize=1068%2C693&amp;ssl=1 1068w\" alt=\"A picture containing text, military uniform, person, outdoor\n\nDescription automatically generated\" width=\"696\" height=\"451\" data-attachment-id=\"37634\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/covertactionmagazine.com\/2022\/05\/07\/why-should-russia-and-the-united-states-be-enemies-when-they-have-a-240-year-history-of-international-friendship-and-support\/a-picture-containing-text-military-uniform-perso\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/a-picture-containing-text-military-uniform-perso.jpeg?fit=1154%2C749&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1154,749\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"a-picture-containing-text-military-uniform-perso\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/a-picture-containing-text-military-uniform-perso.jpeg?fit=300%2C195&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/a-picture-containing-text-military-uniform-perso.jpeg?fit=696%2C452&amp;ssl=1\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><figcaption>Joe Polowsky featured standing above army jeep. [Source: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.liberationroute.com\/stories\/4\/joseph-joe-polowsky\" >liberationroute.com<\/a>]<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Today, Polowsky\u2019s son, Joseph Wolff, is carrying on the tradition and spirit of the Elbe River meeting.<\/p>\n<p>On the seventy seventh anniversary of the linkup, Wolff, called for a renewal of the Elbe River oath at a commemorative Zoom event.<\/p>\n<p>The event was sponsored by the Eurasian Peoples\u2019 Assembly and Edward Lozansky, president of the American University in Moscow (now Moscow International University), who has long promoted U.S.-Russian friendship.<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\" data-carousel-extra=\"{&quot;blog_id&quot;:1,&quot;permalink&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/covertactionmagazine.com\\\/2022\\\/05\\\/07\\\/why-should-russia-and-the-united-states-be-enemies-when-they-have-a-240-year-history-of-international-friendship-and-support\\\/&quot;}\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-37635 td-animation-stack-type0-2\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/edward-lozansky-edwardlozansky-twitter.jpeg?resize=293%2C287&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"Edward Lozansky (@EdwardLozansky) \/ Twitter\" width=\"293\" height=\"287\" data-attachment-id=\"37635\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/covertactionmagazine.com\/2022\/05\/07\/why-should-russia-and-the-united-states-be-enemies-when-they-have-a-240-year-history-of-international-friendship-and-support\/edward-lozansky-edwardlozansky-twitter\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/edward-lozansky-edwardlozansky-twitter.jpeg?fit=400%2C400&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"400,400\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"edward-lozansky-edwardlozansky-twitter\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/edward-lozansky-edwardlozansky-twitter.jpeg?fit=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/edward-lozansky-edwardlozansky-twitter.jpeg?fit=400%2C400&amp;ssl=1\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><figcaption>Edward Lozansky [Source: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/mobile.twitter.com\/edwardlozansky\" >twitter.com<\/a>]<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p>Wolff reminded the audience that the meeting between U.S. and Soviet troops on the Elbe River on April 25, 1945, marked the end of the Third Reich.<\/p>\n<p>The troops made a pledge for mutual understanding, empathy and peaceful relations between the U.S. and Soviet Union which, Wolff said, his father worked for for the rest of his life.<\/p>\n<p>Today, with U.S.-Russian relations at a breaking point, Wolff said that the time to renew the Elbe oath is now.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe threat of World War III is real and the stakes are too high,\u201d he said. \u201cWith the conflict in Ukraine, the threat from the pandemic and climate change, the world needs the U.S. and Russia to work on the same team.\u201d<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\" data-carousel-extra=\"{&quot;blog_id&quot;:1,&quot;permalink&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/covertactionmagazine.com\\\/2022\\\/05\\\/07\\\/why-should-russia-and-the-united-states-be-enemies-when-they-have-a-240-year-history-of-international-friendship-and-support\\\/&quot;}\">\n<figure class=\"alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-37636 td-animation-stack-type0-2\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/a-picture-containing-text-person-person-descrip.jpeg?resize=300%2C205&amp;ssl=1\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/a-picture-containing-text-person-person-descrip.jpeg?w=300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/a-picture-containing-text-person-person-descrip.jpeg?resize=150%2C103&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/a-picture-containing-text-person-person-descrip.jpeg?resize=218%2C150&amp;ssl=1 218w\" alt=\"A picture containing text, person, person\n\nDescription automatically generated\" width=\"300\" height=\"205\" data-attachment-id=\"37636\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/covertactionmagazine.com\/2022\/05\/07\/why-should-russia-and-the-united-states-be-enemies-when-they-have-a-240-year-history-of-international-friendship-and-support\/a-picture-containing-text-person-person-descrip-2\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/a-picture-containing-text-person-person-descrip.jpeg?fit=300%2C205&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"300,205\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"a-picture-containing-text-person-person-descrip\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/a-picture-containing-text-person-person-descrip.jpeg?fit=300%2C205&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/covertactionmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/a-picture-containing-text-person-person-descrip.jpeg?fit=300%2C205&amp;ssl=1\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><figcaption>Second Lieutenant William Robertson (U.S. Army) and Lieutenant Alexander Silvashko (Red Army) face one another with hands clasped and arms around each other\u2019s shoulders. [Source: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Elbe_Day\" >wikipedia.org<\/a>]<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u201cAll of us are part of one race, the human race. We need to set our grievances aside and have our two great nations work together for the human race to flourish for hundreds of years into the future.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Despite the strenuous efforts by Biden and his surrounding coterie of war hawks and imperialist profiteers to paint Russia as a fearful enemy seeking world conquest, perhaps the spirit of Polowsky and the Elbe River oath might yet prevail if people mobilize in support of it.<\/p>\n<p><strong>NOTES:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li id=\"post-37621-footnote-1\">See Albert A. Woldman, <em>Lincoln and the Russians<\/em> (Cleveland: World Publishing Company, 1952), 135. The Battle of Chickamauga took place in September 1863. <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/covertactionmagazine.com\/2022\/05\/07\/why-should-russia-and-the-united-states-be-enemies-when-they-have-a-240-year-history-of-international-friendship-and-support\/#post-37621-footnote-ref-1\" >\u2191<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"post-37621-footnote-2\">Woldman, <em>Lincoln and the Russians<\/em>, 136, 248. The Russian czar had his own interests for sending the ships, including seeking American support as the Russian army crushed a Polish insurrection. <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/covertactionmagazine.com\/2022\/05\/07\/why-should-russia-and-the-united-states-be-enemies-when-they-have-a-240-year-history-of-international-friendship-and-support\/#post-37621-footnote-ref-2\" >\u2191<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"post-37621-footnote-3\">Woldman, <em>Lincoln and the Russians<\/em>, 137. <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/covertactionmagazine.com\/2022\/05\/07\/why-should-russia-and-the-united-states-be-enemies-when-they-have-a-240-year-history-of-international-friendship-and-support\/#post-37621-footnote-ref-3\" >\u2191<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"post-37621-footnote-4\">Woldman, <em>Lincoln and the Russians<\/em>, 140. <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/covertactionmagazine.com\/2022\/05\/07\/why-should-russia-and-the-united-states-be-enemies-when-they-have-a-240-year-history-of-international-friendship-and-support\/#post-37621-footnote-ref-4\" >\u2191<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"post-37621-footnote-5\">Woldman, <em>Lincoln and the Russians<\/em>, 251. <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/covertactionmagazine.com\/2022\/05\/07\/why-should-russia-and-the-united-states-be-enemies-when-they-have-a-240-year-history-of-international-friendship-and-support\/#post-37621-footnote-ref-5\" >\u2191<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>______________________________________________<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Jeremy-Kuzmarov-e1615361481115.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-180721\" src=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Jeremy-Kuzmarov-e1615361481115.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"100\" height=\"59\" \/><\/a> <em>Jeremy Kuzmarov is Managing Editor of <\/em>CovertAction Magazine <em>and author of four books on U.S. foreign policy, including <\/em>Obama\u2019s Unending Wars <em>(Clarity Press, 2019) and T<\/em>he Russians Are Coming, Again<em>, with John Marciano (Monthly Review Press, 2018). He can be reached at: <a href=\"mailto:jkuzmarov2@gmail.com\">jkuzmarov2@gmail.com<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/covertactionmagazine.com\/2022\/05\/07\/why-should-russia-and-the-united-states-be-enemies-when-they-have-a-240-year-history-of-international-friendship-and-support\/\" >Go to Original \u2013 covertactionmagazine.com<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>April 25 marked the 77th anniversary of the \u201cOath of the Elbe,\u201d when U.S. and Russian soldiers embraced in a historic meeting on the Elbe River in Torgau, Germany, to mark the final end of the Third Reich and pledge mutual understanding, empathy and peaceful relations between the U.S. and Soviet Union.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":211196,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[41],"tags":[1817,680,688,2433,278,1560,70],"class_list":["post-211194","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tms-peace-journalism","tag-anti-militarism","tag-conflict-resolution","tag-peace-journalism","tag-peacebuilding","tag-russia","tag-soviet-union","tag-usa"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/211194","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=211194"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/211194\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/211196"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=211194"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=211194"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=211194"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}