{"id":211660,"date":"2022-05-16T12:00:17","date_gmt":"2022-05-16T11:00:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/?p=211660"},"modified":"2022-05-17T03:17:19","modified_gmt":"2022-05-17T02:17:19","slug":"political-maturity-and-rational-empathy-for-the-enemy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2022\/05\/political-maturity-and-rational-empathy-for-the-enemy\/","title":{"rendered":"Political Maturity and Rational Empathy for the Enemy"},"content":{"rendered":"<blockquote><p><em>Thought Experiment<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>After the breakup of the USSR, even though Putin felt it\u00a0<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.apnews.com\/d36b368c6ad44bb2b8e883fc8d800514\" >\u201cwas the greatest geopolitical catastrophe of the century,\u201d<\/a> he requested that Russia join NATO and the European Union, following <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/time.com\/5564207\/russia-nato-relationship\/\" >proposals made by Gorbachev and Yeltsin<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIn 1994, Russia officially signed up to the NATO Partnership for Peace, a program aimed at building trust between NATO and other European and former Soviet countries. President Bill Clinton\u00a0<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/nsarchive2.gwu.edu\/dc.html?doc=4390825-Document-11-The-President-s-Meeting-with-Czech\" >described it in January 1994<\/a>\u00a0as a \u2018track that will lead to NATO membership.\u2019\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Reaching out after a humiliating defeat in hopes for peace, Putin was rebuffed.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/pearlma-R2-E065.jpeg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-211662\" src=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/pearlma-R2-E065-1024x692.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"338\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/pearlma-R2-E065-1024x692.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/pearlma-R2-E065-300x203.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/pearlma-R2-E065-768x519.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/pearlma-R2-E065.jpeg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Note: For a brief moment after the Cold War, we had a \u201cPeace Dividend,\u201d naively believing that the hundreds of billions spent on the nuclear arms race with the \u201cEvil Empire\u201d could now benefit society. About 5 minutes later the fledgling Peace Dividend was replaced with the \u201cRogue State Doctrine\u201d and new, repurposed fear-mongering campaigns in search of the \u201cenemy du jour.\u201d In psychology, we call that \u201csymptom substitution.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Over decades, initiatives were rejected, including on <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.australiannews.net\/news\/271983953\/russian-demands-to-defuse-ukraine-crisis-rejected-by-west\" >December, 2021<\/a>when Russia requested security commitments in exchange for pulling troops from the Ukraine border, and on <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-europe-60785754\" >March 17, 2022<\/a>, when Putin called Turkish President Erdogan with proposals for a peace deal.<\/p>\n<p>Few imagine the hopelessness and exasperation that contribute to Putin\u2019s decisions.<\/p>\n<p>Who might Putin be today had a partnership with the West been fostered? Would he still be the implacably evil new Hitler?<\/p>\n<p>\u201cAny analysis that confines itself to Russia\u2019s actions alone, or that looks no further than the inside of Putin\u2019s head, is at best a one-sided delusion, and at worst willfully distorts the facts.\u201d Tony Wood, <strong>\u00a0<\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/newleftreview.org\/issues\/ii133\/articles\/tony-wood-matrix-of-war\" ><strong>MATRIX OF WAR<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u201cNever fight evil as if it were something that arises totally outside of yourself.\u201d \u00a0&#8212;\u00a0St Augustine<\/p>\n<p>See:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=JrMiSQAGOS4.\" >Why is Ukraine the West&#8217;s Fault?<\/a> \u00a0 John Mearsheimer\u00a0talk from 2015<\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=8X7Ng75e5gQ\" >Vladimir Pozner: How the United States Created Vladimir Putin.<\/a> 10\/2\/2018<\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=hH3s7MRJkAI\" >John Mearsheimer on War in Ukraine with Katrina vanden Heuvel, Ambassador Jack Matlock, and more,<\/a> April 7,2022<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>The 13<sup>th<\/sup> Fairy Syndrome<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>A common archetypal motif in fairy tales &#8211; when the queen gives birth a gala celebration is held for the whole kingdom. Twelve fairies are invited. The uninvited 13<sup>th<\/sup> fairy, upon rejection, places a curse on the princess and the entire kingdom.<\/p>\n<p><strong>DMA vs. HDT<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Humiliation, rejection, and threats fuel a deep unconscious, cultural script Johan Galtung calls <a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2013\/12\/who-runs-the-world-the-subconscious\/\" ><strong><em>Dualism-Manicheism-Armageddon<\/em><\/strong><\/a> (DMA). We have been tragically plunged into a compelling, simplistic, archetypal narrative of us\/them, right\/wrong, good and evil characterized by psychological splitting and immature, concrete, black-and-white, all or nothing, zero sum thinking. With the nuclear threat, \u201cArmageddon\u201d is not just a metaphor.<\/p>\n<p>A constructive response to any of Russia\u2019s requests would have supported conscious evolution to the mature, conscious script of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2013\/12\/who-runs-the-world-the-subconscious\/\" ><strong><em>Holism-Dialectics-Transcendence<\/em><\/strong><strong> (<\/strong><\/a>HDT). The opportunity to apply the Transcend Method to overcome 50 years of dualism was lost.<\/p>\n<p>Regression into DMA is a manifestation of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wisebrain.org\/media\/Papers\/NegativityBias.pdf\" >negativity dominance<\/a>, requiring consciousness to overcome. Jung describes consciousness as a \u201cwork against nature,\u201d an \u201copus contra naturum.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Repeated rejection created conditions conducive to <strong>Direct Violence<\/strong> = <strong>Cultural Violence<\/strong>, <strong>DMA<\/strong> + <strong>Structural Violence,<\/strong> including exclusion, humiliation, asymmetrical power dynamics, encirclement with continuing waves of NATO expansion.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Galtung-violence-triangle.png\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-177529\" src=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Galtung-violence-triangle.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"350\" height=\"199\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Gripped by the Script<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Each side is gripped by its own narrative. The West\u2019s is \u201c.. a simple Hollywood script:\u00a0<strong>\u00a0Ukraine is the angel, Russia is the devil, Zelensky is the hero and all good people will wear blue and yellow ribbons.\u201d<\/strong><strong>\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>(<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.globalresearch.ca\/all-things-russian-are-being-punished-fuelling-the-propaganda-war\/5776734\" >All Things Russian are Being Punished\u201d. Fueling the Propaganda War)<\/a><\/p>\n<p>This framing invites policies to defeat evil with flowing weapons, crippling, biting sanctions, increasing pressure, escalating existential threats of total defeat and destruction.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Encirclement Informs Russia\u2019s Script<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>We are oblivious to real and perceived threats to Russia\u2019s security concerns.<\/p>\n<p>Symbolic Example: On March 18, 2022, four US marines were killed in a NATO military exercise in a Norway Northern Mountainous area <em>unrelated to the Russia-Ukraine war<\/em>, during a military drill, called \u201cCold Response\u201d which happens every 2 years. It ran from March 14 to April 1. The drill included 30,000 troops, 220 aircraft and 50 vessels from 27 countries. <em>Non-NATO members<\/em> Finland and Sweden participated.<\/p>\n<p>Symbolic synchronicities:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Marines crashed in an American MV-22 Osprey aircraft with its troublesome <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Accidents_and_incidents_involving_the_V-22_Osprey\" >accident history<\/a>, politically controversial for decades.<\/li>\n<li>The crash occurred on the anniversary of the cataclysmic US led \u201cshock and awe\u201d invasion of Iraq. \u00a0This might be an example to Putin.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">Also, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.lrb.co.uk\/the-paper\/v44\/n06\/on-ukraine\/day-5-day-9-day-16\" >Pankaj Mishra<\/a> posits \u201can opportunity to make America seem great again\u201d following demoralizing \u201cHumiliation in Iraq and Afghanistan, and at home by Trump.\u201d<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>That same day, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zerohedge.com\/geopolitical\/kremlin-reports-major-progress-ukraine-talks-wrong-bidens-putin-remark-unforgiveable?utm_source=&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_campaign=548\" >Putin Lays Out Demands For Cease-Fire In Call With Turkey&#8217;s President<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Consider convergence of themes as synchronistic messages from the universe.<\/p>\n<p>Since then, Sweden and Finland ask to NATO, falsely believing it will make them more secure.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Psychological Ignorance, Political Malpractice and Nuclear Provocation<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Backed into a corner, Putin raised the nuclear threat.<\/p>\n<p>Pundits and politicians glibly make dangerous, psychologically ignorant claims with bravado and certainty about how policies work. Jan Olberg calls them \u201cconflict illiterate.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Many believe in forms of pressure and coercion &#8211; sanctions, deterrence, isolation, punishments, threats, and violence to make the enemy bend to our will, despite policies having a poor track record, even provoking an opposite effect.<\/p>\n<p>Deterrence is a theory, not a guarantee. It breaks down under certain conditions, flipping into spiral dynamics of provocative mutual escalation, in \u201cself-fulfilling paranoia.\u2122\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Deterrence threatens overwhelming violence to control a state&#8217;s behavior. <strong>\u201cNuclear deterrence is a scheme for making nuclear war less probable by making it more probable.\u201d<\/strong>\u00a0 former Royal Commander Rob Green, <em>The Naked Nuclear Emperor.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Psychologist Ralph K White empathizes that deterrence only works when accompanied by drastic tension reduction.<\/p>\n<p>Here are a few examples of dangerous FIBS\u2122, Falsely Informed Belief Systems:<\/p>\n<p>\u201cA universal feature of the enemy image is that the enemy can be influenced only by force.\u201d Jerome Frank and Andrei Melville<\/p>\n<p>\u201cI think if it\u2019s going to deter Putin, we shouldn\u2019t rule anything out. And I\u2019m among those who say we should keep Putin in maximum uncertainty.\u201d <em>Anders Fogh Rasmussen<\/em>, Danish PM, former NATO Secretary-General, from Jan Olberg,<\/p>\n<p><strong>Evelyn Farkas on <\/strong>PBS News Hour with Judy Woodruff<strong>, May 5:<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em>\u201cAgain, I think he&#8217;s most likely to use them, Judy, if he feels that there will be no consequences for him, if he thinks that we will not counter with a nuclear use \u2014 I know it&#8217;s a horrible thing to contemplate, but that is how deterrence works \u2014 or if he thinks that we will not enter the war directly. \u2026. So, I think that Vladimir Putin is likely smart enough to understand the danger for himself. He&#8217;s not going to reach for a nuclear weapon right now.\u201d<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>In contrast to John Mearsheimer,<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em>\u201cI think, Judy, this policy that the Biden administration is following is remarkably dangerous and foolish.\u00a0 \u2026. And what the Biden administration is bent on doing is inflicting a decisive defeat on Russia. We are threatening its survival. We are presenting the Russians with an existential threat. And this, again, is the one circumstance where they might use nuclear weapons.\u201d<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Psychiatrist Vamik Volkan claims some would rather die physically than psychologically. Some choose defiance and death rather than back down as in &#8220;Give me liberty or give me death&#8221; and &#8220;Better Dead than Red&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Fear <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>People are more dangerous when afraid, as are we.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em>\u201cThe madness that is carrying the world closer and closer to nuclear war has at its core a psychological\u00a0explanation:\u00a0<strong>Each side, though fundamentally afraid, misperceives the nature of the danger it faces. Each side imagines that it faces an inherently, implacably aggressive enemy, when it actually faces an enemy as fearful as itself &#8211; an enemy driven mainly by fear, to do the things that lead to war.\u201d<\/strong><\/em>\u00a0 &#8212; Ralph K. White, Fearful Warriors.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>White differentiated between healthy, realistic fear and unhealthy, exaggerated fear of a diabolical enemy image, combined with macho pride.<\/p>\n<p><strong>The Mirror Image of the Enemy<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>In the 1950s, social psychologist Uri Bronfenbrenner observed that Soviets and Americans said the same positive things about themselves and negative things about the Other. We are noble, just and true. They are innately hostile, evil and aggressive.<\/p>\n<p>Making the &#8220;<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/psynso.com\/ultimate-attribution-error\/\" >ultimate attribution error<\/a>,&#8221; each explains their own behavior as motivated by circumstances (we are peace-loving but have to build arms because of them). The enemy\u2019s behavior is because of who they are.<\/p>\n<p>In \u201c<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/3791177\" >Empathizing with the Rulers of the USSR<\/a>\u201d 1983, White said, \u201cRecent history, psychologically interpreted, suggests that Soviet foreign policy is mainly defensive in motivation. In this respect, the mirror-image concept is valid. The horrors of World War I still dominate Soviet minds, including those of its leaders\u201d<\/p>\n<p>See\u00a0 <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=R4f9ie70RQU\" >A Psychological Profile of U.S.-Soviet Relations &#8211; 1984<\/a> 29 minutes<\/p>\n<p>Nuclear expert <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.armscontrol.org\/events\/2022-04\/threat-use-nuclear-weapons-russias-war-ukraine-meeting-legal-political-challenge\" >Zia Mian<\/a> said, \u201cIt is deterrence when you do it, but it is blackmail when it is done to you.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>Preventing Armageddon in the 21st Century, <\/strong>Morton Deutsch, Ph.D.<\/p>\n<p>Deutsch describes a \u201c<strong>Malignant Spiral of Hostile Interaction.<\/strong>\u201d Each side believes that they absolutely must win.<\/p>\n<p>Excerpts<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>A win-or-lose orientation tends to escalate conflicts.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>communication is impaired, reinforcing existing stereotypes and encouraging misinformation and error;<\/li>\n<li>the opponents become more suspicious of each other, more sensitive to difference and threats, and<\/li>\n<li>each party becomes convinced that a solution to the conflict can only be found through superior force or by outwitting the antagonist.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Thus, disputes over specific issues that might be resolved to the satisfaction of both parties become struggles solely for superior power.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Malignant conflicts encourage misperception and misjudgments that yield unwanted results<\/em><\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>As the conflict escalates, the actions taken by each party commit each more deeply to policies that perpetuate the conflict; the opponents thus become locked into their positions of self-interest rather than open to exploring mutually desirable policies and programs. Information communications and contact, which might mitigate the conflict, are reduced. All parties become so focused on winning that they readily lose sight of their basic interests ..<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Psychological experiments suggest that when one party in a conflict attempts to increase its security without regard for the security of the other party, the attempt readily becomes self-defeating. <\/em><\/strong>Such a situation is potentially catastrophic when the stakes involve nuclear war. If military inferiority is dangerous, so is superiority. It is dangerous for either side in a conflict to feel tempted or frightened into action, or to have grounds to believe that its antagonist might be so tempted or frightened. According to this analysis, our security and that of an adversary can only be obtained through our <strong><em>mutual security<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intersubjectivity, Role Reversal, and Perversion of the Desire for Empathy <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>When parties are in an intense psychic relationship, with trauma, intolerable affects can be evacuated from the self and deposited into another through an unconscious mechanism called <em>projective identification. <\/em>Perhaps a perverse form of empathy<em>, <\/em>this transforms the subjective experience of the recipient.<\/p>\n<p>Consider actions to overcome intolerable, inescapable feelings of humiliation and domination, combine projective identification and regressive restoration of the persona to reverse roles.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>REVERSAL OF FORTUNE<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">HELPLESS \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0POWERFUL<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 VICTIM\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 MASTER OF FATE<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">DOMINATED\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 IN CONTROL<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">INFERIOR \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 SUPERIOR<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">ENVIOUS \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ENTITLED<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">HUMILIATED \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 PROUD<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">TERRORIZED \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 OBLIVIOUS<\/p>\n<p>Therefore, <em>\u201cIf we in the West want to survive, by avoiding nuclear war, it behooves us to empathize realistically with the rulers of the Soviet Union.\u201d<\/em> (now Russia) &#8212; <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/3791177\" >Ralph K. White<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Solutions<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Solutions include realistic empathy, drastic tension reduction, Charles Osgood\u2019s GRIT \u2013 Graduated Reciprocated Initiatives in Tension Reduction, communication, problem-solving, creative, win-win strategies, and creative arrangements for balancing identity, dignity, safety, autonomy and sovereignty. It is challenging to escape the pull of primitive emotions.<\/p>\n<p>The conclusion I always reach is that bodies of knowledge in fields of conflict transformation and peace studies that possess analysis, understanding, and solutions essential to our survival are virtually unknown or misunderstood where needed most.<\/p>\n<p>We must do all we can to raise consciousness, educate and participate in policy design.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/IMG_6741.jpeg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-211664\" src=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/IMG_6741-1024x765.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"448\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/IMG_6741-1024x765.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/IMG_6741-300x224.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/IMG_6741-768x574.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/IMG_6741.jpeg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/IMG_6742.jpeg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-211665\" src=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/IMG_6742-1024x698.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"409\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/IMG_6742-1024x698.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/IMG_6742-300x204.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/IMG_6742-768x523.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/IMG_6742.jpeg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><em>_____________________________________________<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/diane-perlman-e1612677245534.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-178851\" src=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/diane-perlman-e1612677245534.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" \/><\/a> Diane Perlman, PhD\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0is a clinical and political psychologist, devoted to applying knowledge from psychology, conflict studies and social sciences to designing strategies and policies to reverse nuclear proliferation, to drastically reduce terrorism, reduce enmity, and to raise consciousness about nonviolent strategies for tension reduction and conflict transformation. She is a visiting scholar at the School for <\/em><em>Conflict Analysis and Resolution at George Mason University, is active in\u00a0Psychologists for Social Responsibility,<\/em>\u00a0<em>the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/\" >TRANSCEND Network for Peace Development Environment<\/a>,<\/em>\u00a0<em>and on the Global Council of Abolition 2000. Some of her writings can be found on her websites, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.consciouspolitics.org\/\" >www.consciouspolitics.org<\/a> \u00a0and \u00a0<\/em><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.SanityandSurvival.com\" >www.SanityandSurvival.com<\/a>.\u00a0Email: <a href=\"mailto:dianeperlman@gmail.com\">dianeperlman@gmail.com<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>After the breakup of the USSR, even though Putin felt it\u00a0\u201cwas the greatest geopolitical catastrophe of the century,\u201d he requested that Russia join NATO and the European Union, following proposals made by Gorbachev and Yeltsin.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[31],"tags":[813,1778,2628,680,442,744,91,278,497,70,1468],"class_list":["post-211660","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-editorial","tag-cold-war","tag-conflict-analysis","tag-conflict-mediation","tag-conflict-resolution","tag-conflict-transformation","tag-empathy","tag-nato","tag-russia","tag-transcend-method","tag-usa","tag-ussr"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/211660","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=211660"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/211660\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=211660"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=211660"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=211660"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}