{"id":289134,"date":"2025-03-03T12:00:12","date_gmt":"2025-03-03T12:00:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/?p=289134"},"modified":"2025-03-03T11:40:47","modified_gmt":"2025-03-03T11:40:47","slug":"direct-structural-and-cultural-violence","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2025\/03\/direct-structural-and-cultural-violence\/","title":{"rendered":"Direct, Structural, and Cultural Violence"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span class=\"yt-core-attributed-string yt-core-attributed-string--white-space-pre-wrap\" dir=\"auto\"><span class=\"yt-core-attributed-string--link-inherit-color\" dir=\"auto\">Norwegian peace\/conflict theorist Johan Galtung developed a three-layered understanding of violence that represents how a confluence of factors merge, in particular historical moments, to shape the conditions for the promotion and perpetuation of violence.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Direct, structural, and cultural violence\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/LW_rTeawAi0?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/pic-johan-galtung-smile-e1727415803823.png\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-274645\" src=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/pic-johan-galtung-smile-e1727415803823.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"93\" \/><\/a> Johan Galtung (24 Oct 1930 \u2013 17 Feb 2024), a professor of peace studies, dr hc mult, was the founder of <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/\" >TRANSCEND International<\/a><em>, <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/\" >TRANSCEND <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/\" >Media Service<\/a>,<em> and rector of <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tpu\/\" >TRANSCEND Peace University<\/a><em>. He was nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize numerous times and was awarded among others the 1987 Right Livelihood Award, known as the Alternative NPP.<\/em> <em>Galtung\u00a0has mediated in\u00a0over 150 conflicts in more than 150 countries, and written more than 170 books on peace and related issues<\/em>,<em> 96 as the sole author. More than 40 have been translated to other languages, including <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tup\/index.php?book=1\" >50 Years-100 Peace and Conflict Perspectives<\/a><em> published by <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tup\/\" >TRANSCEND University Press<\/a><em>. His book, <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tup\/index.php?book=46\" >Transcend and Transform<\/a>, <em>was translated to 25 languages<\/em>.<em> He has published more than 1700 articles\u00a0and book\u00a0chapters and over 500 Editorials for <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/\" >TRANSCEND Media Service<\/a>.<em> More<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/galtung\/\" ><em> information about Prof. Galtung<\/em><\/a><em> and <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/galtung\/#publications\" ><em>all of his publications<\/em><\/a><em> can be found at <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/galtung\/\" ><em>transcend.org\/galtung<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><em>TRANSCEND VIDEOS <\/em>STAY POSTED FOR 2 WEEKS BEFORE BEING ARCHIVED<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Norwegian peace\/conflict theorist Johan Galtung developed a three-layered understanding of violence that represents how a confluence of factors merge to shape the conditions for the promotion and perpetuation of violence.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[431],"tags":[1778,101,100,809,99,126,92],"class_list":["post-289134","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-transcend-videos","tag-conflict-analysis","tag-cultural-violence","tag-direct-violence","tag-johan-galtung","tag-structural-violence","tag-violence","tag-violent-conflict"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/289134","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=289134"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/289134\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":289135,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/289134\/revisions\/289135"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=289134"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=289134"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=289134"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}