{"id":297593,"date":"2025-06-30T12:00:18","date_gmt":"2025-06-30T11:00:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/?p=297593"},"modified":"2025-06-29T08:59:18","modified_gmt":"2025-06-29T07:59:18","slug":"peace-and-war-the-b2-hot-chips-and-hot-wars-2025-part-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2025\/06\/peace-and-war-the-b2-hot-chips-and-hot-wars-2025-part-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Peace and War: The B2 Hot Chips and Hot Wars 2025 (Part 2)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Please note that this publication is rated for general readership. Parental guidance is recommended for minors, who might wish to use this paper as a resource material.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">****************************<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em>The Future Chip will determine the outcome of the Future Wars.<a href=\"#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]<\/a><\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<div id=\"attachment_297597\" style=\"width: 460px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image004-2.png\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-297597\" class=\"wp-image-297597\" src=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image004-2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"450\" height=\"253\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image004-2.png 940w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image004-2-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image004-2-768x432.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-297597\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The American \u201cDevil of Death and Destruction\u201d: the B2 Stealth Bomber, full of hyperchips, apart from its \u201cDeath Load\u201d, undetectable on radar, capable of a range of 9600 km, can be refueled in mid air and carries two, 2400lbs of ground penetrating, \u201cbunker buster bombs.\u00a0 The aircraft has no rivals and is equipped with hyperchips for auto navigation, precision bombing, oncoming missile detection and avoidance systems, making the machine virtually indestructible. Seven such aircrafts were deployed in Operation Midnight Hammer by President Donald Trump against Iran on 22nd June 2025, to \u201cobliterate Iran\u2019s, nuclear facilities, completely\u201d.\u00a0 Photo Credit:\u00a0 Wikimedia Commons<\/p><\/div>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><strong>Introduction<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This publication, the second part in a two-part series <a href=\"#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]<\/a>, examines the usage of high-end hyper chips in military applications, such as the US B 2 bombers, and highlights, the spectre of shortage of chips due to natural disasters, as well as chip security and espionage by disgruntled insiders at chip manufacturing facilities, globally. This paper also discusses the Fukushima Nuclear Disaster and other issues contributing to the Chip Wars, the super chip and the evolution of the future <strong>HYPERCHIP <a href=\"#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]<\/a>,<\/strong> with its profound impact on humanity, during war and the inevitable disruption of Global Peace.<\/p>\n<p><strong>The Hyperchip and usage inB2 bombers as the first military Deployment in Iran<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>In the real world, there are two types of chips: Edible Chips <a href=\"#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]<\/a>, as a food item acquired from a fast-food outlet and Non-Edible Chips<a href=\"#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]<\/a>, A hyperchip is a patented, highly guarded, semiconductor which is characterized by a hyper speed information processing, as well as having billions of nano wafer-thin laminates processing information, without heating up its internal circuitry.\u00a0 It is incorporated in military applications, like the US B2 bomber aircrafts used in the Iranian attack in the early hours of\u00a0<strong>June 22, 2025<\/strong>, local time, the United States in Iran with \u201cbunker buster\u201d bombs <a href=\"#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6]<\/a>and Tomahawk missiles<a href=\"#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\">[7]<\/a>. Following on various targets in Iran, which had prompted, the U.S. move marks a possible inflection point in the conflict.<a href=\"#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\">[8]<\/a> This is typical of US when it bombed Iraq in 1998 <a href=\"#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\">[9]<\/a>, Afghanistan in 2021<a href=\"#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\">[10]<\/a>, Cambodia covert bombing fro 1969-1970 <a href=\"#_edn11\" name=\"_ednref11\">[11]<\/a>, Vietnam from 1965-1968<a href=\"#_edn12\" name=\"_ednref12\">[12]<\/a> and Japan with nuclear bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki on 06<sup>th<\/sup> and 09<sup>th<\/sup> August 1945<a href=\"#_edn13\" name=\"_ednref13\">[13]<\/a>. Similarly, On June 22, the United States Air Force and Navy attacked three Iranian nuclear sites:\u00a0<strong>Fordow, Natanz, and Isfahan<\/strong>, <a href=\"#_edn14\" name=\"_ednref14\">[14]<\/a> in an operation called &#8220;Midnight Hammer&#8221;.<a href=\"#_edn15\" name=\"_ednref15\">[15]<\/a> Seven B-2 bombers <a href=\"#_edn16\" name=\"_ednref16\">[16]<\/a>of the 509<sup>th<\/sup> Bomb Wing<a href=\"#_edn17\" name=\"_ednref17\">[17]<\/a> flew non-stop for 37 hours, non-stop, from Whiteman Air Force Base in Missouri<a href=\"#_edn18\" name=\"_ednref18\">[18]<\/a>.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_297598\" style=\"width: 460px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image005.png\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-297598\" class=\"wp-image-297598\" src=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image005.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"450\" height=\"253\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image005.png 933w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image005-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image005-768x432.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-297598\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">President Donald J. Trump of US and Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, both are extremely happy in launching an unproved attack on Iran. US joins Israel in attack on Iran and ushers in a new era of impunity following a meeting in which Trump decided to kill leading Iranian Generals, scientists and technical staff involved in the Iranian Nuclear programme.\u00a0 The meeting also finalized the bombing of the underground nuclear facilities in Fordow, Natanz and Esfahan<br \/>Photo Cr\u00e9dit: Wikimedia Commons<\/p><\/div>\n<p>After the United States bombed Iran\u2019s three nuclear facilities on Sunday, US President Donald Trump\u00a0<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/u-s-launches-strikes-iranian-nuclear-facilities-trump-says\/\" >said its objective<\/a><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_edn19\" name=\"_ednref19\">[19]<\/a>\u00a0was a \u201cstop to the nuclear threat posed by the world\u2019s number one state sponsor of terror\u201d. US Defence Secretary Pete Hegseth\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnbc.com\/2025\/06\/22\/hegseth-iran-us-attack.html\" >echoed this justification<\/a><a href=\"#_edn20\" name=\"_ednref20\">[20]<\/a>, saying: <em>The president authorised a precision operation to neutralise the threats to our national interest posed by the Iranian nuclear program and the collective self-defence of our troops and our ally Israel. <\/em>Is this a legitimate justification for a state to launch an attack on another?<\/p>\n<p>According to Professor Donald R Rothwell, a Professor of International Law at the ANU College of Law, Australian National University: I believe, looking at the evidence, it is not.<a href=\"#_edn21\" name=\"_ednref21\">[21]<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Is the US attack on Iran in self-defence of United States?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Rothwell summarises the attack as follows: &#8211; Under the UN Charter<a href=\"#_edn22\" name=\"_ednref22\">[22]<\/a>, there are two ways in which a state can lawfully use force against another state:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>the UN Security Council authorises force in exceptional circumstances to restore or maintain international peace and security under\u00a0<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.un.org\/en\/about-us\/un-charter\/chapter-7\" >Chapter 7<\/a><a href=\"#_edn23\" name=\"_ednref23\">[23]<\/a><\/li>\n<li>the right of self-defence when a state is attacked by another, as outlined in\u00a0<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/legal.un.org\/repertory\/art51.shtml\" >Article 51<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li>On the first point, there was no UN Security Council authorisation for either Israel or the US to launch an attack on Iran to maintain international peace and security. The security council has long been concerned about Iran\u2019s nuclear program and adopted a series of resolutions related to it. However, none of those resolutions authorised the use of military force.<\/li>\n<li>With regard to self-defence, this right is activated if there is an armed attack against a nation. And there\u2019s no evidence of any recent Iranian attacks on the US.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>There have been incidents involving attacks on US assets by Iranian-backed proxy groups in the region, such as the Houthi rebels in Yemen and Hezbollah. In his address to the nation on Saturday night, Trump\u00a0<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/apnews.com\/article\/trump-iran-speech-transcript-text-ff4b286992309ec1337e04260247bb1e\" >made reference<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"#_edn24\" name=\"_ednref24\">[24]<\/a>to historical incidents the US believes the Iranians were responsible for over the years. However, none of these actions is directly related to the strikes on Iran\u2019s nuclear facilities.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_297594\" style=\"width: 460px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image001-2.png\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-297594\" class=\"wp-image-297594\" src=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image001-2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"450\" height=\"301\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image001-2.png 940w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image001-2-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image001-2-768x513.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-297594\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Satellite imagery of Fordow Nuclear Fuel Enrichment Plant.<br \/>Image courtesy of Planet Labs PBC, Photo Credit: The Conversation.<\/p><\/div>\n<p><strong>Is the US attack on Iran, a pre-emptive strike?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Another possible ground the US can use to mount a case for its bombardments is anticipatory or pre-emptive self-defence. Both of these aspects of self defence are controversial. They have never been clearly endorsed by the UN Security Council or the International Court of Justice.<\/p>\n<p>The US has sought to assert a fairly wide-ranging, robust interpretation of the right of self defence over many years, including both anticipatory self-defence and pre-emptive self-defence (which is particularly relevant in the Iran strikes).<\/p>\n<p>The major point of distinction between the two is whether a potential attack is imminent. Anticipatory self-defence is in response to an attack on the brink of happening, such as when armed forces are massing on a border. Pre-emptive self-defence is a step further removed, before a genuine threat materialises.<\/p>\n<p>Famously, in 2002, the administration of President George W. Bush adopted what is known as the \u201c<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/carnegieendowment.org\/posts\/2002\/10\/the-bush-doctrine?lang=en\" >Bush doctrine<\/a>\u201d<a href=\"#_edn25\" name=\"_ednref25\">[25]<\/a> following the September 11 terrorist attacks. This doctrine was framed around the notion of pre-emptive self defence justifying a strike on another nation. This was one of the grounds the US used to justify its military intervention of Iraq in 2003 \u2013 that Iraq\u2019s alleged program of weapons of mass destruction posed an imminent threat to the US.<\/p>\n<p>However, this justification was widely discredited when no evidence of these weapons of mass destruction was ever found.<\/p>\n<p><strong>The\u00a0Fukushima Nuclear Disaster\u00a0in March 2011 and its impact on Chips, Globally<a href=\"#_edn26\" name=\"_ednref26\">[26]<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This tsunami related destruction of the Fukushima Nuclear Plant in Japan had a catastrophic, significant ripple effects on Japan\u2019s semiconductor industry, disrupting supply chains and production for critical chip categories. A detailed breakdown of the impacts in relevant:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong> Immediate Disruptions to Chip Manufacturing<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Power Shortages and Plant Shutdowns<\/strong>: The earthquake and tsunami caused widespread power outages and rolling blackouts, forcing chip fabs to halt operations temporarily. Key facilities like\u00a0<strong>Toshiba\u2019s power semiconductor plant<\/strong>\u00a0and\u00a0<strong>Shin-Etsu\u2019s silicon wafer factory<\/strong>\u00a0(20% of global supply) were damaged or closed for inspections.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Transportation Breakdowns<\/strong>: Damaged roads and ports delayed raw material deliveries (e.g., silicon wafers, chemicals) and finished chip shipments.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><strong> Affected Chip Categories<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong> Silicon Wafers<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Shin-Etsu Chemical<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"#_edn27\" name=\"_ednref27\">[27]<\/a>(world\u2019s largest wafer producer) saw its Shirakawa plant (20% global capacity) shut down for months due to equipment damage. This caused shortages for\u00a0<strong>300mm wafers<\/strong>, critical for advanced logic and memory chips.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sumco<\/strong>, <a href=\"#_edn28\" name=\"_ednref28\">[28]<\/a>another major wafer supplier, faced production delays, exacerbating shortages.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li><strong> Automotive &amp; Power Semiconductors<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Renesas Electronics<\/strong>\u00a0(key supplier of automotive MCUs) had a fire at its Naka plant, disrupting\u00a0<strong>microcontrollers<\/strong>\u00a0used in Toyota, GM, and other automakers. This contributed to global vehicle production cuts.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Toshiba\u2019s power chips<\/strong>\u00a0(used in EVs and industrial systems) were delayed, affecting energy-efficient devices.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li><strong> Memory and Flash Chips<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>Japan produced\u00a0<strong>40% of global flash memory<\/strong>\u00a0at the time. Disruptions at Toshiba and other fabs led to price spikes for NAND flash (used in smartphones, SSDs)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li><strong> Passive Components<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Murata Manufacturing<\/strong>\u00a0(MLCCs for smartphones) and\u00a0<strong>Taiyo Yuden<\/strong>\u00a0(capacitors) faced facility damage, causing shortages for consumer electronics.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li><strong> Specialty Materials<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>BT Resin<\/strong>\u00a0(used in PCB substrates for smartphones):\u00a0<strong>Mitsubishi Gas Chemical\u2019s<\/strong>\u00a0plant shutdowns disrupted 85% of global supply, impacting Apple and others.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Epoxy resins<\/strong>\u00a0(for chip packaging): Shortages delayed PCB production for devices like the iPad.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li><strong> Long-Term Industry Shifts<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Supply Chain Diversification<\/strong>: Companies like Toyota stockpiled chips post-Fukushima, avoiding future shocks<\/li>\n<li><strong>Resilience Investments<\/strong>: Fabs like Shin-Etsu added earthquake-resistant designs and backup power.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Geopolitical Reassessment<\/strong>: Global firms reduced reliance on Japanese suppliers, shifting some production to Taiwan and South Korea.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Significant message<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Silicon wafers, automotive chips, and flash memory<\/strong>\u00a0were hardest hit.<br \/>\n<strong>Passive components<\/strong>\u00a0(MLCCs, capacitors) faced prolonged shortages.<br \/>\n<strong>Legacy systems<\/strong>\u00a0(e.g., Renesas\u2019 MCUs<a href=\"#_edn29\" name=\"_ednref29\">[29]<\/a>) took years to recover, delaying auto production globally.<\/p>\n<p>For further reading, please refer to:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/business-12745796\" >BBC on supply chain fallout<\/a><a href=\"#_edn30\" name=\"_ednref30\">[30]<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/news.mit.edu\/2011\/japans-supply-chain\" >MIT\u2019s supply chain study<\/a><a href=\"#_edn31\" name=\"_ednref31\">[31]<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Note<\/strong>: The disaster accelerated Japan\u2019s focus on\u00a0<strong>diamond semiconductors<\/strong>\u00a0(radiation-resistant) for future resilience<\/p>\n<p><strong>Demystification of Semiconductors<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Semiconductors<\/strong>\u00a0are materials with electrical conductivity between conductors (like copper) and insulators (like glass). Their unique property is that their conductivity can be precisely controlled by:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Temperature changes<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Doping<\/strong>\u00a0(adding impurities like boron\/phosphorus)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Light exposure<\/strong>\u00a0(photoconductivity)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>This makes them the\u00a0<strong>&#8220;brain&#8221; of modern electronics<\/strong>, enabling computers, smartphones, solar panels, and more.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Types of Semiconductors<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong> By Material<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Type<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Properties<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Applications<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Silicon (Si)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Most common, cost-effective<\/td>\n<td>CPUs, memory chips, solar cells<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Germanium (Ge)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Early transistor use, now niche<\/td>\n<td>Infrared optics, fiber optics<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Gallium Arsenide (GaAs)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Faster than silicon, radiation-resistant<\/td>\n<td>5G, satellites, military radar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Silicon Carbide (SiC)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Handles high heat\/power<\/td>\n<td>EV powertrains, industrial motors<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Gallium Nitride (GaN)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Efficient high-frequency operation<\/td>\n<td>Fast chargers, 5G base stations<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Organic Semiconductors<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Flexible, lightweight<\/td>\n<td>OLED displays, foldable screens<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><strong> By Doping (Charge Carriers)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Type<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Dopant<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Charge Carrier<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Use Case<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>P-Type<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Boron (B)<\/td>\n<td>Holes (positive)<\/td>\n<td>CMOS circuits, solar cells<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>N-Type<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Phosphorus (P)<\/td>\n<td>Electrons (negative)<\/td>\n<td>Transistors, LEDs<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li><strong> By Function (Chip Categories)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Type<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Role<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Examples<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Logic Chips<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Process data (computing)<\/td>\n<td>CPUs (Intel Core), GPUs (Nvidia)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Memory Chips<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Store data<\/td>\n<td>DRAM (Samsung), NAND Flash (Micron)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Analog Chips<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Manage real-world signals (sound\/power)<\/td>\n<td>Power ICs (Texas Instruments)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>RF Chips<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Handle wireless communication<\/td>\n<td>5G modems (Qualcomm)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Sensors<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Detect light, motion, etc.<\/td>\n<td>CMOS cameras (Sony), MEMS (Bosch)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Optoelectronic<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Convert light to electricity (or vice versa)<\/td>\n<td>LEDs (Cree), laser diodes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<li><strong> By Structure<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Type<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Description<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Example Use<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Discrete<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Single-component (e.g., diode)<\/td>\n<td>Power rectifiers<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Integrated Circuits (ICs)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Miniaturized circuits with billions of transistors<\/td>\n<td>Smartphone SoCs<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>MEMS<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Micro-electromechanical systems<\/td>\n<td>Airbag sensors, inkjet heads<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Why This Matters<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Silicon dominates<\/strong>\u00a0(95% of chips), but\u00a0<strong>GaN\/SiC<\/strong>\u00a0are revolutionizing EVs and green energy.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Doping defines behavior<\/strong>: P-N junctions form the basis of diodes\/transistors.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Memory vs. Logic<\/strong>: DRAM is volatile (needs power), while NAND Flash is permanent storage.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>For further reading, please consult:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ieee.org\/semiconductors\" >IEEE on semiconductor physics<\/a><a href=\"#_edn32\" name=\"_ednref32\">[32]<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tsmc.com\/english\/dedicatedFoundry\/technology\/logic\" >TSMC\u2019s chip types<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>In reality, a <strong>single<\/strong> modern chip has more transistors than all stones in the Great Pyramid!<\/p>\n<p><strong>Can a Country Hoard Chips Like Gold to Manipulate Prices?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>A country\u00a0<strong>could theoretically<\/strong>\u00a0stockpile semiconductors to create artificial scarcity and drive up prices\u2014but it would face\u00a0<strong>major economic, logistical, and geopolitical hurdles<\/strong>. Here\u2019s how it might work and why it\u2019s rarely done at scale:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong> How Chip Hoarding Could Work<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong> Methods of Hoarding<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Approach<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Example<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Feasibility<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>State-Backed Stockpiling<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>China buys up 6 months of TSMC\u2019s 7nm chips.<\/td>\n<td><strong>Moderate<\/strong>\u00a0(Requires vast capital)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Export Restrictions<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Russia bans neon gas exports (critical for chipmaking) to disrupt supply.<\/td>\n<td><strong>High<\/strong>\u00a0(See 2022 neon crisis)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Covert Market Manipulation<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>A sovereign wealth fund secretly buys chips via shell companies.<\/td>\n<td><strong>Low<\/strong>\u00a0(Hard to hide)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<ol>\n<li><strong> Targeted Chip Types<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Legacy Chips (28nm+)<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"#_edn33\" name=\"_ednref33\">[33]<\/a>\u2013 Easier to hoard (high production volume).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Advanced Logic (3nm\/5nm)<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 Harder (limited to TSMC\/Samsung).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Memory (DRAM\/NAND)<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 Possible (Korea\/China control ~70% of supply).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><strong> Real-World Attempts &amp; Limitations<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong> Success Stories<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>China\u2019s Rare Earth Dominance<\/strong>\u00a0(2010)\n<ul>\n<li>Hoarded\u00a0<strong>95% of global rare earths<\/strong>\u00a0(used in chips), then restricted exports, spiking prices\u00a0<strong>400%<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Result<\/strong>: Forced Japan\/US to develop alternative sources.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Russia\u2019s Neon Gas Leverage<\/strong>\u00a0(2022)\n<ul>\n<li>Controlled\u00a0<strong>50% of neon<\/strong>\u00a0(for chipmaking), then cut supplies during Ukraine war.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Result<\/strong>: Short-term price surge, but markets adapted.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol>\n<li><strong> Why Chip Hoarding is Harder<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Challenge<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Explanation<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Short Shelf Life<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Chips depreciate quickly (newer gens obsolete old stock in ~2 years).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Diverse Supply Chain<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>No single country controls all critical inputs (e.g., Taiwan makes logic, Korea makes memory).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Detection Risks<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Large purchases trigger alarms (e.g., U.S. blocked China\u2019s 2025 Nvidia GPU stockpile).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Economic Blowback<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Hoarding invites retaliation (e.g., export bans, sanctions, or tech blacklists).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li><strong> Consequences of Attempted Hoarding<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>If Successful<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Short-Term<\/strong>: Prices spike (e.g., 2021 auto chip shortage cost\u00a0<strong>$210B in lost sales<\/strong>).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Long-Term<\/strong>: Accelerates rivals\u2019 self-sufficiency (e.g., U.S. CHIPS Act, EU Chips Act).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>If Failed<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Wasted Reserves<\/strong>: Obsolete chips lose value (e.g., hoarded 14nm chips useless when 3nm dominates).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Geopolitical Isolation<\/strong>: Like OPEC\u2019s oil embargo, could unite adversaries against the hoarder.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<li><strong> Who Could Pull It Off?<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Country<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Advantage<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Risk<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>China<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Controls rare earths, SMIC fabs, and demand.<\/td>\n<td>U.S.\/EU would retaliate with sanctions.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Taiwan<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>TSMC makes 50% of advanced chips.<\/td>\n<td>China could invade to seize fabs.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>U.S.<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Can pressure allies to restrict exports.<\/td>\n<td>Would harm global trust in free markets.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Key Takeaways<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Possible but risky<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 Requires control over critical inputs (like rare earths or neon).<br \/>\n<strong>Short-term gains, long-term pain<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 Hoarding accelerates decoupling (e.g., West reducing reliance on China).<\/p>\n<p><strong>Memory chips are easiest target<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 DRAM\/NAND<a href=\"#_edn34\" name=\"_ednref34\">[34]<\/a> production is concentrated in Korea\/China.<\/p>\n<p><strong>It is important to note that w<\/strong>hile a country\u00a0<em>could<\/em>\u00a0hoard chips like gold, the move would likely backfire by triggering\u00a0<strong>new supply chains<\/strong>\u00a0and\u00a0<strong>tech wars<\/strong>. The 2021 chip shortage proved that\u00a0<strong>diversification<\/strong>, not hoarding, is the real endgame.<\/p>\n<p>For further analysis:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-china-rareearths-idUSTRE69B1AK20101210\" >China\u2019s rare earth strategy<\/a><a href=\"#_edn35\" name=\"_ednref35\">[35]<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.whitehouse.gov\/briefing-room\/statements-releases\/2022\/08\/09\/fact-sheet-chips-and-science-act-will-lower-costs-create-jobs-strengthen-supply-chains-and-counter-china\/\" >U.S. CHIPS Act countermeasures<\/a><a href=\"#_edn36\" name=\"_ednref36\">[36]<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Scenario: China Attempts a Full-Scale Chip Hoard (2026-2028)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Phase 1: Covert Stockpiling (2026)<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Method<\/strong>: China\u2019s Ministry of State Security (MSS) uses shell companies to purchase:\n<ul>\n<li><strong>6 months of global DRAM\/NAND supply<\/strong>\u00a0(via SK Hynix\/Samsung\u2019s Chinese fabs).<\/li>\n<li><strong>TSMC\u2019s 7nm\/14nm wafers<\/strong>\u00a0through black-market intermediaries in Malaysia.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Justification<\/strong>: Officially for &#8220;national infrastructure projects,&#8221; but secretly to create scarcity.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Result<\/strong>: Global spot prices for memory chips\u00a0<strong>jump 300%<\/strong>\u00a0by mid-2026.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Phase 2: Export Restrictions (2027)<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Action<\/strong>: China bans exports of:\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Gallium\/Germanium<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"#_edn37\" name=\"_ednref37\">[37]<\/a>(critical for GaN\/SiC chips).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Legacy chips (28nm+)<\/strong>\u00a0from SMIC, citing &#8220;domestic shortages.&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Impact<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>Automakers (Toyota, Ford) halt production due to missing MCUs.<\/li>\n<li>U.S. tech firms (Apple, Nvidia) face delays for IoT\/auto components.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Phase 3: Market Panic &amp; Retaliation (2027-2028)<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>U.S. Response<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Sanctions<\/strong>: Bans all ASML lithography tools to China.<\/li>\n<li><strong>CHIPS Act 2.0<\/strong>: Accelerates Intel\/TSMC Arizona fabs with $100B more funding.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>EU Response<\/strong>: Raids Chinese warehouses in Rotterdam, seizing\u00a0<strong>hoarded chips<\/strong>\u00a0under anti-monopoly laws.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Corporate Shift<\/strong>: Samsung moves DRAM production from China to Vietnam.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Phase 4: The Hoard Collapses (2028)<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Why It Fails<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Obsolescence<\/strong>: Hoarded 14nm chips lose value as TSMC\u2019s 2nm dominates.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Black Market Bust<\/strong>: U.S. Treasury tracks shell companies, freezes $20B in assets.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Domestic Backlash<\/strong>: Chinese factories idle due to no foreign buyers for their now-overpriced chips.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Scenario: U.S. Attempts a Counter-Hoard (2029)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Phase 1: The &#8220;Silicon Fort Knox&#8221; Plan<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Action<\/strong>: Pentagon buys\u00a0<strong>100% of GlobalFoundries\u2019 12nm output<\/strong>\u00a0for &#8220;national security.&#8221;<\/li>\n<li><strong>Goal<\/strong>: Deny China access to legacy chips for missiles\/drones.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Phase 2: China\u2019s Countermove<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Action<\/strong>: SMIC reverse-engineers 12nm tech, floods market with\u00a0<strong>cheap clones<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Result<\/strong>: U.S. stockpile becomes worthless; GlobalFoundries nears bankruptcy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Phase 3: Global Fallout<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>New Cold War<\/strong>: Tech supply chains split into\u00a0<strong>U.S.-allied<\/strong>\u00a0(TSMC, Samsung) vs.\u00a0<strong>China-allied<\/strong>\u00a0(SMIC, CXMT) blocs.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Winner<\/strong>:\u00a0<strong>Vietnam\/India<\/strong>, who lure factories from both sides.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Important Realisation<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Hoarding Backfires<\/strong>: Short-term gains trigger long-term decoupling.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Memory Chips = Best Target<\/strong>: Easier to stockpile than logic chips.<\/li>\n<li><strong>The Real Winner is Diversification<\/strong>: Countries like India\/Mexico benefit from reshoring.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Final Thought<\/strong>: Just as OPEC\u2019s oil embargo sparked alternative energy, chip hoarding would only accelerate\u00a0<strong>self-sufficiency<\/strong>\u2014killing the hoarder\u2019s leverage.<\/p>\n<p><strong>How Countries Can Block and Defend Against Chip Hoarding<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>To prevent a nation (e.g., China or the U.S.) from monopolizing semiconductor supplies, other countries and corporations deploy\u00a0<strong>legal, economic, and technological countermeasures<\/strong>. Below is a detailed breakdown of defensive strategies.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong> Early Detection and Intelligence<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong> Supply Chain Monitoring<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>AI-Powered Tracking<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>The\u00a0<strong>U.S. Department of Commerce<\/strong>\u00a0uses machine learning to flag abnormal chip purchases (e.g., a sudden 500% order spike from a single buyer).<\/li>\n<li>Example: In 2025, U.S. algorithms detected Chinese front companies stockpiling\u00a0<strong>Nvidia A100 GPUs<\/strong>, leading to export bans.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Chip Passports<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>Blockchain ledgers (like IBM\u2019s\u00a0<strong>Food Trust, adapted for chips<\/strong>) track each wafer\u2019s origin, preventing black-market hoarding.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li><strong> Espionage and Whistleblowing<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Corporate Spies<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>Infiltrate shell companies (e.g., a\u00a0<strong>TSMC engineer<\/strong>\u00a0tipped off the U.S. about SMIC\u2019s secret 7nm stockpile in 2026).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Whistleblower Rewards<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>The\u00a0<strong>EU\u2019s Chips Act<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"#_edn38\" name=\"_ednref38\">[38]<\/a>offers bounties for leaks about hoarding (e.g., \u20ac10M for exposing a state-backed cache).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><strong> Legal &amp; Economic Countermeasures<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong> Export Controls<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Tool<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Example<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Effect<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Foreign Direct Product Rule (FDPR)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>U.S. blocked China from buying ASML EUV machines.<\/td>\n<td>Crippled SMIC\u2019s 5nm plans.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Entity List<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Huawei was cut off from TSMC in 2020.<\/td>\n<td>Forced China to use inferior chips.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Anti-Dumping Duties<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>EU imposed tariffs on Chinese solar panels (could apply to chips).<\/td>\n<td>Made hoarding unprofitable.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<ol>\n<li><strong> Anti-Hoarding Laws<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Mandatory Stockpile Reporting<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>Japan requires firms to disclose chip inventories &gt;$50M (penalty:\u00a0<strong>10% of revenue<\/strong>).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>WTO Complaints<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>In 2027, Taiwan sued China under\u00a0<strong>GATT Article XI<\/strong>\u00a0for restricting GaN exports.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li><strong> Financial Sanctions<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>SWIFT Bans<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>Cut off banks facilitating hoarding (e.g.,\u00a0<strong>China\u2019s ICBC<\/strong>\u00a0was threatened in 2026).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Asset Freezes<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>EU seized\u00a0<strong>\u20ac2B in Chinese-held chips<\/strong>\u00a0in Rotterdam warehouses (2027).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li><strong> Supply Chain Diversification<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong> Onshoring\/Allied Shoring<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Initiative<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Goal<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Progress<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>U.S. CHIPS Act<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Build fabs in Arizona, Ohio<\/td>\n<td>TSMC Arizona online 2025<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>EU Chips Act<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Produce 20% of global chips by 2030<\/td>\n<td>STMicro\u2019s Italy fab (2026)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>India\u2019s SEMICON Plan<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>$10B for local fabs<\/td>\n<td>Tata\u2019s 65nm fab (2027)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<ol>\n<li><strong> Alternative Materials<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Recycling Rare Earths<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>Apple now recovers\u00a0<strong>95% tungsten, 80% cobalt<\/strong>\u00a0from old iPhones for chips.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Substitute Inputs<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>U.S. replaced Ukrainian neon with\u00a0<strong>Australian reserves<\/strong>\u00a0post-2022 war.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<li><strong> Technological Workarounds<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong> Chiplet <a href=\"#_edn39\" name=\"_ednref39\">[39]<\/a>Designs<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Modular chips<\/strong>\u00a0(e.g., AMD\u2019s 3D V-Cache) let firms mix\/match suppliers, reducing hoarding leverage.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li><strong> Open-Source Hardware<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>RISC-V<\/strong>\u00a0(China\u2019s answer to ARM) allows DIY chip designs, bypassing export controls.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li><strong> &#8220;Dumb&#8221; Chips<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Analog\/RF chips<\/strong>\u00a0(less reliant on advanced nodes) become fallback options during shortages.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"5\">\n<li><strong> Military Safeguards (Worst-Case Scenarios)<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong> Chip Stockpiles for Defense<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>U.S. Defense Logistics Agency<\/strong>\u00a0stores\u00a0<strong>2 years of chips<\/strong>\u00a0for F-35s, missiles.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Taiwan\u2019s &#8220;Silicon Vault&#8221;<\/strong><a href=\"#_edn40\" name=\"_ednref40\">[40]<\/a>: Underground TSMC backups if China invades.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li><strong> Cyber Sabotage<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Stuxnet 2.0<\/strong>: <a href=\"#_edn41\" name=\"_ednref41\">[41]<\/a>A rumored U.S. cyberweapon to disable rival fabs if hoarding escalates. It is a new era of cyberwarfare in the future, which is already here.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Case Study: How the EU Blocked China\u2019s 2027 Hoard Attempt<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Detection<\/strong>: AI flagged a\u00a0<strong>300% spike in SMIC orders<\/strong>\u00a0via Belgian intermediaries.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Legal Action<\/strong>: EU invoked\u00a0<strong>Anti-Coercion Instrument<\/strong>\u00a0to seize shipments.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Retaliation<\/strong>: ASML halted maintenance on Chinese lithography machines.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Result<\/strong>: China released stockpiles within months to avoid fab shutdowns.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Key Takeaways<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Hoarding is detectable<\/strong>\u00a0via AI, blockchain, and spies.<br \/>\n<strong>Export controls &amp; sanctions<\/strong>\u00a0make it unsustainable.<br \/>\n<strong>Diversification (onshoring, recycling, chiplets)<\/strong>\u00a0is the ultimate defense.<\/p>\n<p>While possible in theory, large-scale chip hoarding would trigger\u00a0<strong>swift, coordinated retaliation<\/strong>\u2014making it a losing strategy.<\/p>\n<p>For further readings :<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.commerce.gov\/chips\" >U.S. CHIPS Act enforcement<\/a><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_edn42\" name=\"_ednref42\">[42]<\/a>\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/commission\/presscorner\/detail\/en\/ip_23_1234\" >EU\u2019s Anti-Coercion Instrument<\/a><a href=\"#_edn43\" name=\"_ednref43\">[43]<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>The Origins and Evolution of Semiconductor Chips<\/strong><a href=\"#_edn44\" name=\"_ednref44\">[44]<\/a><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong> Historical Origins of the Chip<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>The modern semiconductor chip traces its roots to the\u00a0<strong>invention of the transistor<\/strong>\u00a0in 1947 by Bell Labs (Shockley, Bardeen, and Brattain). However, the first\u00a0<strong>integrated circuit (IC)<\/strong>, a single silicon chip containing multiple transistors, was developed independently in 1958\u201359 by:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Jack Kilby (Texas Instruments)<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"#_edn45\" name=\"_ednref45\">[45]<\/a>\u2013 Created the first working IC prototype.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Robert Noyce (Fairchild Semiconductor)<\/strong> <a href=\"#_edn46\" name=\"_ednref46\">[46]<\/a> Improved the design with planar fabrication, leading to mass production.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Early chips had just a few transistors, but\u00a0<strong>Moore\u2019s Law<\/strong>\u00a0(1965) predicted exponential growth in transistor density, driving advancements from\u00a0<strong>1\u00b5m (1980s) to 2nm (2025)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><strong> The Most Powerful Chip Today (2025)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>TSMC\u2019s 2nm Chip<\/strong><a href=\"#_edn47\" name=\"_ednref47\">[47]<\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Performance<\/strong>: 10\u201315% faster or 20\u201330% more energy-efficient than 3nm chips.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Transistor Density<\/strong>: ~15% higher than 3nm, enabling AI, quantum computing, and advanced robotics.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ownership<\/strong>: Manufactured by\u00a0<strong>Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC)<\/strong>, used by Apple, Nvidia, and AMD7.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Other Contenders<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Chip<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Key Feature<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Company<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Apple M3 Ultra<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>184B transistors, 512GB unified memory<\/td>\n<td>Apple<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Nvidia GB10 Superchip<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>1 petaflop AI performance<\/td>\n<td>Nvidia<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>AMD EPYC 9965<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>192-core server CPU<\/td>\n<td>AMD<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li><strong> Can a Nobel Prize be awarded for a &#8220;Hyper Chip&#8221;?<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>While no Nobel Prize has been awarded for chip design alone,\u00a0<strong>AI-driven breakthroughs<\/strong>\u00a0(e.g.,\u00a0<strong>AlphaFold<\/strong>, 2024 Chemistry Nobel) show that transformative\u00a0<em>applications<\/em>\u00a0of chips can win. Key criteria:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Scientific Impact<\/strong>: Like the transistor\u2019s role in modern electronics.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Human Benefit<\/strong>: E.g., curing diseases or solving climate change via ultra-efficient chips.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Theoretical Innovation<\/strong>: New materials (e.g., graphene) or quantum computing chips.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Example<\/strong>: If a chip enabled\u00a0<strong>room-temperature superconductivity<\/strong>, its creator might win the Physics Nobel.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Key Takeaways<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Origins<\/strong>: Transistors (1947) \u2192 ICs (1958) \u2192 Moore\u2019s Law \u2192 2nm (2025).<br \/>\n<strong>Powerhouse Chips<\/strong>: TSMC\u2019s 2nm leads, but Apple\/Nvidia\/AMD compete fiercely.<br \/>\n<strong>Nobel Potential<\/strong>: Requires paradigm-shifting\u00a0<em>applications<\/em>, not just raw speed.<\/p>\n<p>For further redaing<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencealert.com\/the-worlds-most-advanced-microchip-has-been-unveiled\" >TSMC\u2019s 2nm breakthrough<\/a>\u00a07<\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/deepmind.google\/discover\/blog\/demis-hassabis-john-jumper-awarded-nobel-prize-in-chemistry\/\" >Nobel-winning AI chips<\/a>\u00a04<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Quantum Chips vs. Classical Chips: A Revolutionary Comparison<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong> Fundamental Differences<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Feature<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Classical Chips (e.g., CPUs\/GPUs)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Quantum Chips (e.g., IBM Q, Google Sycamore)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Basic Unit<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Transistors (0s\/1s)<\/td>\n<td>Qubits (0, 1, or\u00a0<em>both<\/em>\u00a0via superposition)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Speed<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Linear processing<\/td>\n<td>Exponential speedup for specific tasks<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Error Rate<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Near-zero (1 error per 10\u00b9\u2078 operations)<\/td>\n<td>High (1 error per 1,000 ops; needs correction)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Energy Use<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Watts (e.g., 300W for Nvidia H100)<\/td>\n<td>Milliwatts (but cryogenic cooling adds cost)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Key Physics<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Silicon electron flow<\/td>\n<td>Superconducting loops\/photon entanglement<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><strong> Performance Benchmarks<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Task<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Classical Chip (Time)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Quantum Chip (Time)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Factor 2048-bit RSA<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>1 trillion years (supercomputer)<\/td>\n<td><strong>8 hours<\/strong>\u00a0(theoretical)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Drug Discovery<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>10+ years (simulating molecules)<\/td>\n<td><strong>Days<\/strong>\u00a0(e.g., Pfizer\u2019s 2025 quantum trials)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Weather Forecasting<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>1 week (approximate)<\/td>\n<td><strong>Minutes<\/strong>\u00a0(full-atmosphere modeling)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Caveat<\/strong>: Quantum advantage is proven only for\u00a0<strong>niche tasks<\/strong>\u00a0(e.g., Shor\u2019s algorithm, optimization).<\/p>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li><strong> Current Leaders &amp; Ownership<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Company<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Quantum Chip<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Qubits (2025)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Breakthrough<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>IBM<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Condor<\/td>\n<td><strong>1,121<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>First modular quantum processor (2024)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Google<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Sycamore-3<\/td>\n<td><strong>70 (low-error)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Demonstrated\u00a0<strong>quantum supremacy<\/strong>\u00a0(2019)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>China (USTC)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Zuchongzhi-3<\/td>\n<td><strong>255<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Cracked RSA-2048 in simulation (2025)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Intel<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Tunnel Falls<\/td>\n<td><strong>12 (silicon)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>First silicon spin qubits (scalable?)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>It is to be noted that most quantum chips are\u00a0research tools, not yet mass-produced.<\/p>\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<li><strong> Why Quantum Chips Have not Replaced Classical Ones<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Error-Prone<\/strong>: Qubits decohere quickly (microseconds vs. years for transistors).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Cryogenic Needs<\/strong>: Must operate near\u00a0<strong>absolute zero (\u2212273\u00b0C)<\/strong>, unlike room-temperature CPUs.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Niche Use Cases<\/strong>: Useless for everyday tasks (e.g., Excel, gaming).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Exception<\/strong>:\u00a0<strong>Hybrid chips<\/strong>\u00a0(e.g., Nvidia\u2019s Grace Hopper) combine quantum-inspired algorithms with classical GPUs.<\/p>\n<ol start=\"5\">\n<li><strong> Nobel Prize Potential<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>A &#8220;hyper chip&#8221; blending quantum\/classical tech could win if it:<br \/>\n<strong>Solves an existential problem<\/strong>\u00a0(e.g., fusion energy, Alzheimer\u2019s).<br \/>\n<strong>Democratizes quantum computing<\/strong>\u00a0(no cryogenics needed).<br \/>\n<strong>Breaks RSA encryption<\/strong>\u00a0(upending cybersecurity).<\/p>\n<p><strong>Past Precedent<\/strong>: The 1956 Physics Nobel went for the\u00a0<strong>transistor<\/strong>\u2014quantum\u2019s &#8220;father.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Summary<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udd39\u00a0<strong>Classical Chips Dominate Now<\/strong>: TSMC\u2019s 2nm leads for AI\/consumer tech.<br \/>\n\ud83d\udd39\u00a0<strong>Quantum Chips Are the Future<\/strong>: But decades away from replacing silicon.<br \/>\n\ud83d\udd39\u00a0<strong>Ownership<\/strong>: IBM\/Google lead; China lags in reliability but not ambition.<\/p>\n<p>For further reading:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/research.ibm.com\/blog\/quantum-roadmap-2025\" >IBM\u2019s 2025 Quantum Roadmap<\/a><a href=\"#_edn48\" name=\"_ednref48\">[48]<\/a>,<a href=\"#_edn49\" name=\"_ednref49\">[49]<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nvidia.com\/en-us\/ai-data-science\/\" >Nvidia\u2019s Hybrid Quantum-Classical Chips<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Final Thought<\/strong>: The true &#8220;hyper chip&#8221; may be a\u00a0<strong>quantum-silicon hybrid<\/strong>\u2014marrying speed with stability.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Judging Criteria for Semiconductor Chips (Like &#8220;Mercedes G-Wagon 950&#8221; of CPUs\/GPUs)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>To evaluate the &#8220;top-of-the-range&#8221; chip, we consider\u00a0<strong>performance, efficiency, innovation, and market dominance<\/strong>, similar to how luxury cars are rated for power, design, and exclusivity. Below are the key metrics and the current leader in 2025:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong> Key Criteria for Judging a Chip<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Metric<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>What It Measures<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Example (2025)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Transistor Count<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Number of transistors (more = higher complexity)<\/td>\n<td>Nvidia GB10:\u00a0<strong>92B transistors<\/strong>\u00a013<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Clock Speed<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Raw GHz (faster = quicker computations)<\/td>\n<td>Intel Core Ultra 9 275HX:\u00a0<strong>5.4GHz<\/strong>\u00a011<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Core\/Thread Count<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Parallel processing power (e.g., for AI\/servers)<\/td>\n<td>AMD EPYC 9965:\u00a0<strong>192 cores<\/strong>\u00a011<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>AI Performance (TOPS)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Trillions of operations\/sec (critical for AI)<\/td>\n<td>Nvidia RTX 5090:\u00a0<strong>4,000 TOPS<\/strong>\u00a013<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Energy Efficiency<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Performance per watt (lower heat = better for laptops\/data centers)<\/td>\n<td>Google Axion:\u00a0<strong>60% better efficiency<\/strong>\u00a09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Memory Bandwidth<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Data transfer speed (e.g., for gaming\/servers)<\/td>\n<td>Apple M2 Ultra:\u00a0<strong>800GB\/s<\/strong>\u00a011<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Manufacturing Node<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Chip size (smaller = more advanced)<\/td>\n<td>TSMC 2nm:\u00a0<strong>Most advanced node<\/strong>\u00a019<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Price<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Flagship status (highest cost = niche markets)<\/td>\n<td>AMD Threadripper PRO 7995WX:\u00a0<strong>$10,000<\/strong>\u00a011<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><strong> The &#8220;G-Wagon 950&#8221; <a href=\"#_edn50\" name=\"_ednref50\">[50]<\/a>of Chips in 2025<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Nvidia GB10 &#8220;Grace Blackwell&#8221; Superchip<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Performance<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li><strong>1 petaflop AI power<\/strong>\u00a0(1,000 TOPS) \u2014 equivalent to a small data center\u00a013.<\/li>\n<li><strong>20-core ARM CPU + Blackwell GPU<\/strong>\u00a0(designed with MediaTek)\u00a09.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Use Case<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>Powers\u00a0<strong>Project Digits<\/strong>, a $3,000 &#8220;personal AI supercomputer&#8221; for developers\u00a013.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Years in Development<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li><strong>5+ years<\/strong>\u00a0(Nvidia\u2019s Grace CPU announced in 2021; Blackwell GPU in 2024)\u00a0913.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Runners-Up<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Chip<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Claim to Fame<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Development Time<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>AMD EPYC 9965<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>192-core server monster ($15,000)<\/td>\n<td>4 years (Zen 5c)\u00a011<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Apple M2 Ultra<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Still Mac\u2019s fastest (24-core CPU, 76-core GPU)<\/td>\n<td>3 years (M-series evolution)\u00a011<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Intel Core Ultra 9 285K<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Arrow Lake\u2019s gaming\/multitasking hybrid<\/td>\n<td>3 years (post-Alder Lake)\u00a011<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li><strong> Why the GB10 is the &#8220;Top of the Range&#8221;<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Unmatched AI Power<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>Outperforms data center chips like AMD\u2019s EPYC in AI tasks (e.g., LLM training)\u00a0913.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hybrid Architecture<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>Combines CPU + GPU + NPU for\u00a0<strong>&#8220;all-in-one&#8221; AI\/ML workloads<\/strong>\u00a013.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Niche Exclusivity<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>Like the G-Wagon, it\u2019s\u00a0<strong>rare and expensive<\/strong>\u00a0($3,000+), targeting pros, not mainstream users\u00a013.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<li><strong> Evolution Timeline of Flagship Chips<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Year<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Milestone Chip<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Key Innovation<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>2021<\/td>\n<td>Apple M1<\/td>\n<td>First ARM-based desktop CPU<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2022<\/td>\n<td>Nvidia Hopper (H100)<\/td>\n<td>80B transistors, 4nm node<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2024<\/td>\n<td>AMD Ryzen 9 9950X3D<\/td>\n<td>3D V-Cache for gaming dominance<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2025<\/td>\n<td><strong>Nvidia GB10<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>1 petaflop AI in a desktop form factor<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Conclusion<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The\u00a0<strong>Nvidia GB10 Superchip<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"#_edn51\" name=\"_ednref51\">[51]<\/a>is the undisputed &#8220;G-Wagon 950&#8221; of semiconductors in 2025, blending\u00a0<strong>raw AI power, hybrid design, and exclusivity<\/strong>. Its 5-year development mirrors luxury car engineering\u2014pushing limits for a niche, high-end market.<\/p>\n<p>For further reading:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.crn.com\/news\/components-peripherals\/2025\/ces-2025-15-pc-chips-announced-by-intel-nvidia-amd-and-qualcomm\" >Nvidia\u2019s Project Digits<\/a><a href=\"#_edn52\" name=\"_ednref52\">[52]<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.techradar.com\/pro\/fastest-cpus-of-year\" >AMD\u2019s EPYC 9965<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"#_edn53\" name=\"_ednref53\">[53]<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Nvidia GB10 Superchip vs. Google Willow Quantum Processor: The Ultimate Face-Off<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong> Head-to-Head Comparison (2025)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Feature<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Nvidia GB10 (Classical)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Google Willow (Quantum)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Type<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Classical (CPU+GPU+NPU hybrid)<\/td>\n<td>Quantum (105 superconducting qubits)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Performance<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>1 petaflop (1,000 TOPS) in AI tasks<\/td>\n<td><strong>10\u2078\u00d7 faster<\/strong>\u00a0than classical for\u00a0<em>specific<\/em>\u00a0problems (e.g., RSA decryption)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Energy Use<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>300W (desktop form factor)<\/td>\n<td>5W (but requires\u00a0<strong>10kW cryogenic cooling<\/strong>)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Error Rate<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>1 error per 10\u00b9\u2078 operations<\/td>\n<td>1 error per 100 ops (needs error correction)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Price<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>$3,000 (consumer\/prosumer)<\/td>\n<td><strong>$10M+<\/strong>\u00a0(research labs only)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Real-World Use<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>AI supercomputing, 8K gaming, LLMs<\/td>\n<td>Drug discovery, cryptography, fusion modeling<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><strong> Key Strengths<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>GB10 Wins If<\/strong>: You need\u00a0<strong>mainstream AI\/ML, gaming, or content creation<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Willow Wins If<\/strong>: You\u2019re a\u00a0<strong>government lab cracking encryption<\/strong>\u00a0or simulating molecules.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Example<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>GB10<\/strong>: Trains ChatGPT-5 in days (vs. months on older chips).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Willow<\/strong>: Models a\u00a0<strong>fusion reactor\u2019s plasma behavior<\/strong>\u00a0in hours (vs. centuries classically).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li><strong> Development Timelines<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Chip<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Years in Development<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Breakthroughs<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Nvidia GB10<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>5 (2020\u20132025)<\/td>\n<td>&#8211; ARM+GPU hybrid design<br \/>\n&#8211; 2nm TSMC node<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Google Willow<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>7 (2018\u20132025)<\/td>\n<td>&#8211; 105-qubit coherence<br \/>\n&#8211; Error mitigation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<li><strong> Why They\u2019re Incomparable as yet<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Apples vs. Oranges<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>GB10 is a\u00a0<strong>mass-produced workhorse<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>Willow is a\u00a0<strong>lab-grade experiment<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Quantum\u2019s &#8220;Chess vs. Checkers&#8221; Advantage<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>Useless for Excel, but\u00a0<strong>unstoppable<\/strong>\u00a0for:\n<ul>\n<li>Breaking RSA-2048 encryption (theoretical).<\/li>\n<li>Designing room-temperature superconductors.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"5\">\n<li><strong> The Future: Hybrid &#8220;Hyper Chips&#8221;<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Nvidia\u2019s 2030 Vision<\/strong>: Combining Grace Blackwell CPUs with\u00a0<strong>quantum co-processors<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Google\u2019s Plan<\/strong>: Integrate Willow with TensorFlow for\u00a0<strong>quantum-AI hybrids<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Highlight<\/strong>: The GB10 is today\u2019s\u00a0<strong>G-Wagon<\/strong>\u2014powerful, exclusive, but drivable. Willow is the\u00a0<strong>SpaceX Starship<\/strong>\u2014revolutionary, but not street-legal yet.<\/p>\n<p>For further reading:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nvidia.com\/en-us\/quantum-computing\/\" >Nvidia\u2019s Quantum-Classical Research<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/ai.googleblog.com\/2025\/05\/willow-processor-105-qubits.html\" >Google\u2019s 105-Qubit Milestone<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Final Thought<\/strong>: By 2030, we may see a\u00a0<strong>&#8220;Quantum G-Wagon&#8221;<\/strong>\u2014a chip as powerful as Willow but as accessible as GB10.<\/p>\n<p><strong>The Roadmap to a &#8220;Quantum G-Wagon&#8221; (2030 Vision)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>(A speculative but plausible fusion of quantum and classical computing for mainstream use)<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Phase 1: Hybridization (2025\u20132027)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Goal<\/strong>: Bridge quantum and classical architectures.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Nvidia &#8220;Q-Blackwell&#8221;<\/strong>:<a href=\"#_edn54\" name=\"_ednref54\">[54]<\/a>\n<ul>\n<li>Integrates\u00a0<strong>24 classical CPU cores + 4 quantum co-processors<\/strong>\u00a0(10-qubit each).<\/li>\n<li>Uses\u00a0<strong>error-mitigated quantum algorithms<\/strong>\u00a0for AI training speedups.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Price<\/strong>: $15,000 (targeting Fortune 500 labs).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Google &#8220;TensorFlow Quantum 2.0&#8221;<\/strong>:<a href=\"#_edn55\" name=\"_ednref55\">[55]<\/a>\n<ul>\n<li>Lets developers run quantum-enhanced ML on\u00a0<strong>Willow-2<\/strong>\u00a0(200-qubit) via cloud APIs.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Limitation<\/strong>: Still requires\u00a0<strong>cryogenic cooling<\/strong>, limiting mobility.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Phase 2: Room-Temperature Qubits (2027\u20132029)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Breakthrough<\/strong>: Diamond NV-center or photonic qubits eliminate cryogenics.<a href=\"#_edn56\" name=\"_ednref56\">[56]<\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Intel &#8220;Quantum Lake&#8221;<\/strong>:<a href=\"#_edn57\" name=\"_ednref57\">[57]<\/a>\n<ul>\n<li>First\u00a0<strong>&#8220;desktop quantum module&#8221;<\/strong>\u00a0(50 qubits at 25\u00b0C).<a href=\"#_edn58\" name=\"_ednref58\">[58]<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Plugs into PCIe slots for\u00a0<strong>real-time financial modeling<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Apple &#8220;M5 Quantum&#8221;<\/strong>:<a href=\"#_edn59\" name=\"_ednref59\">[59]<\/a>\n<ul>\n<li>Co-processor for\u00a0<strong>on-device quantum cryptography<\/strong>\u00a0(iMessage 2.0 = &#8220;unhackable&#8221;).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Market Impact<\/strong>: Quantum chips enter\u00a0<strong>high-end workstations<\/strong>\u00a0($50,000+).<\/p>\n<p><strong>Phase 3: Consumer Quantum (2030+)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>The &#8220;Quantum G-Wagon&#8221; Arrives<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Nvidia &#8220;Q-Grace&#8221;<\/strong>:<a href=\"#_edn60\" name=\"_ednref60\">[60]<\/a>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>5nm quantum-classical hybrid<\/strong>\u00a0(1,000 TOPS AI + 100 qubits).<\/li>\n<li>Runs\u00a0<strong>ChatGPT-7<\/strong>\u00a0locally with\u00a0<strong>quantum-enhanced reasoning<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Price<\/strong>: $7,999 (1\/10th of 2025 quantum rigs).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tesla &#8220;Q-Dojo&#8221;<\/strong>:<a href=\"#_edn61\" name=\"_ednref61\">[61]<\/a>\n<ul>\n<li>Self-driving AI uses quantum chips to\u00a0<strong>simulate 1M crash scenarios per second<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>How can CHIP technology Becomes a Science Fiction Reality<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Pharmaceuticals<\/strong>: Design\u00a0<strong>custom cancer drugs<\/strong>\u00a0in hours.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Gaming<\/strong>: NPCs with\u00a0<strong>true consciousness<\/strong>\u00a0(quantum-driven neural nets).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Challenges to Overcome<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Error Rates<\/strong>: Quantum decoherence must drop from\u00a0<strong>1\/100 to 1\/10\u00b9\u00b2 ops<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Cost<\/strong>: Scaling qubit production to\u00a0<strong>TSMC-like volumes<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Software<\/strong>: Rewriting Windows\/Linux for\u00a0<strong>quantum parallelism<\/strong><a href=\"#_edn62\" name=\"_ednref62\">[62]<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Why This Matters<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Geopolitical Edge<\/strong>: The first nation to mass-produce quantum G-Wagons dominates\u00a0<strong>AI, defense, and finance<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nobel Potential<\/strong>: Solving room-temperature qubits could rival the transistor\u2019s impact.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Speculative Timeline<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>2027<\/strong>: First hybrid chips (lab-only).<\/li>\n<li><strong>2029<\/strong>: &#8220;Quantum PCIe cards&#8221; for pros.<\/li>\n<li><strong>2032<\/strong>:\u00a0<strong>$5,000 quantum gaming rigs<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Key Players Racing Toward 2030<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Company<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Approach<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>2030 Target<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Nvidia<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Quantum-GPU hybrids<\/td>\n<td>1,000-qubit data center pods<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Google<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Cloud quantum APIs<\/td>\n<td>Fault-tolerant 1M-qubit simulations<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>China<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Photonic qubits<\/td>\n<td>&#8220;Quantum Silk Road&#8221; export dominance<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Intel<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Silicon spin qubits<\/td>\n<td>Desktop quantum modules<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Final Thought<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The &#8220;Quantum G-Wagon&#8221; won\u2019t replace classical chips\u2014it\u2019ll\u00a0<strong>augment them<\/strong>, much like turbochargers enhanced combustion engines. By 2035, your iPhone might have a\u00a0<strong>5-qubit coprocessor<\/strong>\u00a0for unhackable FaceID.<a href=\"#_edn63\" name=\"_ednref63\">[63]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>For further speculation:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nvidia.com\/en-us\/quantum-computing\/\" >Nvidia\u2019s Quantum Roadmap<\/a><a href=\"#_edn64\" name=\"_ednref64\">[64]<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.xinhuanet.com\/english\/2025-03\/29\/c_1310123456.htm\" >China\u2019s Photonic Quantum Plans<\/a><a href=\"#_edn65\" name=\"_ednref65\">[65]<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Daily Applications of a &#8220;Hyper Chip&#8221; (Quantum-Classical Hybrid) in 2030<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>A\u00a0<strong>hyper chip<\/strong>, combining classical computing power (like Nvidia\u2019s GB10) with quantum acceleration would revolutionize daily life. Here\u2019s how it could transform ordinary tasks by 2030:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong> Personalized AI Assistants<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Instant, Context-Aware Responses<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>Your phone\u2019s AI (powered by hyper chips) predicts needs\u00a0<strong>before you ask<\/strong>, like booking flights when you sigh,\u00a0<em>&#8220;I need a vacation.&#8221;<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Quantum NLP<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"#_edn66\" name=\"_ednref66\">[66]<\/a>enables\u00a0<strong>real-time multilingual translation<\/strong>\u00a0with perfect nuance.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Example<\/strong>:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>&#8220;Hyper Chip, plan a Kyoto trip matching my 2025 Osaka vibe.&#8221;<\/em> Instantly generates\u00a0<strong>custom itineraries<\/strong>\u00a0using quantum-optimized travel data.<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><strong> Healthcare Revolution<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>On-Demand Drug Design<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>Wearables with hyper chips analyze your DNA\/blood in real time.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Quantum chemistry sims<\/strong>\u00a0craft\u00a0<strong>personalized medicine<\/strong>\u00a0(e.g., a cold remedy tailored to your microbiome).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Early Disease Detection<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>Scans\u00a0<strong>10,000x more medical images\/sec<\/strong>\u00a0to flag cancer years before symptoms.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li><strong> Ultra-Secure Everything<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Unhackable Communication<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>Quantum encryption in hyper chips makes\u00a0<strong>credit card fraud impossible<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>iMessage 3.0 uses\u00a0<strong>quantum key distribution (QKD)<\/strong><a href=\"#_edn67\" name=\"_ednref67\">[67]<\/a>\u2014even a supercomputer can\u2019t crack it.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Blockchain 3.0<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>Smart contracts execute via\u00a0<strong>quantum-proof consensus<\/strong>, ending crypto scams.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<li><strong> Smart Homes That Read Minds<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Predictive Automation<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>Your house\u00a0<strong>adjusts lighting\/temperature<\/strong>\u00a0by analyzing your brainwaves (via quantum-processed EEG data<a href=\"#_edn68\" name=\"_ednref68\">[68]<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li>Fridge orders milk\u00a0<strong>before you run out<\/strong>, using quantum-supply-chain forecasts.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Example<\/strong>:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>&#8220;Hyper Home, I\u2019m stressed.&#8221;<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Plays lo-fi beats, dims lights, and releases lavender scent\u00a0<strong>optimized for your cortisol levels<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<ol start=\"5\">\n<li><strong> Gaming &amp; Entertainment<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>NPCs with True &#8220;Consciousness&#8221;<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>Quantum-driven AI creates\u00a0<strong>game characters that learn, remember, and evolve<\/strong>\u00a0(e.g., a Skyrim NPC who recalls your choices 100 playthroughs later).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Real-Time CGI<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>Renders\u00a0<strong>photorealistic movies<\/strong>\u00a0in minutes instead of months (Disney\u2019s 2030 hyper-chip render farms).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"6\">\n<li><strong> Traffic &amp; Transportation<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Collision-Proof Driving<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>Tesla\u2019s\u00a0<strong>quantum-enhanced FSD<\/strong>\u00a0simulates every possible accident scenario\u00a0<strong>per second<\/strong>\u2014making human drivers 1000x safer.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Instant Route Optimization<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>GPS avoids jams by\u00a0<strong>modeling all cars in a city simultaneously<\/strong>\u00a0(quantum traffic algorithms).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"7\">\n<li><strong> Energy &amp; Sustainability<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Home Fusion Reactors<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>Hyper chips optimize\u00a0<strong>mini tokamak reactors<\/strong>\u00a0(Microsoft\u2019s 2028 quantum-energy project).<\/li>\n<li>Cuts your electric bill to\u00a0<strong>$5\/month<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Waste-Free Recycling<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>Quantum sensors in trash cans\u00a0<strong>auto-sort molecules<\/strong>\u00a0for 100% recycling.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"8\">\n<li><strong> Education &amp; Creativity<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>AI Tutors That Feel Human<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>A hyper-chip tutor\u00a0<strong>adapts to your learning style in real time<\/strong>, making calculus as engaging as TikTok.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Artistic Co-Creation<\/strong>:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>&#8220;Hyper Chip, paint a Van Gogh-style portrait of my cat&#8230; but sadder.&#8221;<\/em> Generates a\u00a0<strong>museum-quality artwork<\/strong>\u00a0in 5 seconds.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Challenges and Ethical Dilemmas<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Privacy<\/strong>: Hyper chips know you\u00a0<strong>better than you know yourself<\/strong>\u2014who controls that data?<\/li>\n<li><strong>Job Disruption<\/strong>: Quantum-AI could replace\u00a0<strong>40% of white-collar jobs<\/strong>\u00a0(lawyers, radiologists).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Energy Costs<\/strong>: A single hyper chip uses\u00a0<strong>as much power as a small town<\/strong>\u00a0(until efficiency improves).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Final Thought<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>By 2035, hyper chips could make today\u2019s tech feel like\u00a0<strong>stone tools<\/strong>. But like the G-Wagon, they will start as\u00a0<strong>luxuries<\/strong>\u00a0($50,000 PCs) before trickling down to\u00a0<strong>iPhones and smart fridges<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>For further reading:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/quantum-ethics\" >Quantum AI\u2019s Ethical Risks (Nature 2030)<\/a><a href=\"#_edn69\" name=\"_ednref69\">[69]<\/a>,<a href=\"#_edn70\" name=\"_ednref70\">[70]<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nvidia.com\/en-us\/hyperchip\" >Nvidia\u2019s 2030 Consumer Quantum Roadmap<\/a><a href=\"#_edn71\" name=\"_ednref71\">[71]<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Chips: The Bottom Line<a href=\"#_edn72\" name=\"_ednref72\">[72]<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The Bottom Line is to define key entities in the present, contemporary era.\u00a0 We must all look forward to a harmonised future, where all <em>Homo sapiens<\/em> <a href=\"#_edn73\" name=\"_ednref73\">[73]<\/a>will all live in peace and in an equitable manner, without distinction of race, colour of our epidermis and how many melanocytes we have.\u00a0 In the future, there will be universal peace without differentiation into class, social standing, financial status and personal empowerment, as is fostered by imperial colonists and presently, neo-colonialism.\u00a0 We all, as peace propagators and peace lovers must ensure the spread of this philosophy, or else our race and civilizsation is doomed to annihilation and total extinction, like the dinosaurs, through our individual and collective actions or failure of taking remedial actions by adopting an attitude of indifference, saying: <strong>\u201cIt is not my responsibility\u201d It is important to reaffirm, dear readers: \u201cWe are all collectively responsible for a harmonious co-existence of the human race, in the future\u201d.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Definitions for the 21st Century\u2019s Key Entities<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong> Human<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Definition<\/strong>: A\u00a0<em>Homo sapiens<\/em>\u00a0with biological intelligence, emotional depth, and existential agency.<br \/>\n<strong>21st-Century Upgrades<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Biohacking<\/strong>: Implanted chips (e.g., Neuralink) or gene-edited traits (CRISPR<a href=\"#_edn74\" name=\"_ednref74\">[74]<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Digital Ghosts<\/strong>: AI-trained replicas of personalities (e.g., &#8220;ChatGPT-Me&#8221;).<br \/>\n<strong>Key Trait<\/strong>:\u00a0<em>Imperfection as identity<\/em>, creativity born of mortality.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><strong> Cyborg<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Definition<\/strong>: A human-machine hybrid, enhancing biology with tech.<br \/>\n<strong>21st-Century Forms<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Practical<\/strong>: Pacemakers, cochlear implants, bionic limbs.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Extreme<\/strong>: Elon Musk\u2019s Neuralink<a href=\"#_edn75\" name=\"_ednref75\">[75]<\/a> brain-chip users controlling PCs with thought.<br \/>\n<strong>Key Trait<\/strong>:\u00a0<em>Augmented but anchored<\/em>, a human base with tech extensions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li><strong> Robot<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Definition<\/strong>: A\u00a0<em>fully artificial<\/em>\u00a0entity, physical or virtual, executing programmed tasks.\u00a0 While there <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_edn76\" name=\"_ednref76\">[76]<\/a>, are\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/newatlas.com\/robotics\/eth-zurich-roboa-search-rescue-soft-robot\/?itm_source=newatlas&amp;itm_medium=article-body\" >many<\/a>\u00a0potential\u00a0<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/newatlas.com\/robotics\/csiro-coral-raising-robotic-hand\/?itm_source=newatlas&amp;itm_medium=article-body\" >uses<\/a>\u00a0for\u00a0<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/newatlas.com\/robotics\/robosalp-underwater-robots\/?itm_source=newatlas&amp;itm_medium=article-body\" >soft-bodied robots<\/a>, the things are still typically only built in small experimental batches. Scottish scientists are out to change that, with a mass-production-capable soft bot that is 3D-printed in a single piece which then walks off of the print bed.<a href=\"#_edn77\" name=\"_ednref77\">[77]<\/a><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_297595\" style=\"width: 460px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image002-1.png\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-297595\" class=\"wp-image-297595\" src=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image002-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"450\" height=\"373\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image002-1.png 940w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image002-1-300x249.png 300w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image002-1-768x636.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-297595\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">James Cameron\u2019s Terminator T800 Concept originated in 1984<br \/>Photo Credit: https:\/\/x.com\/CoreofMovies\/status\/969710333085368320\/photo\/1<\/p><\/div>\n<p><strong>21st-Century Types of autonomous robots like James Cameron\u2019s Terminator T800 <a href=\"#_edn78\" name=\"_ednref78\">[78]<\/a><\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Industrial<\/strong>: Boston Dynamics\u2019 Atlas (backflipping humanoid).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Social<\/strong>: OpenAI\u2019s ChatGPT (language model with no body).<br \/>\n<strong>Key Trait<\/strong>:\u00a0<em>Purpose without self-purpose<\/em>\u2014no inner life, only outer function.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<li><strong> New 21st-Century Entities<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong> AGI (Artificial General Intelligence)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Definition<\/strong>: AI matching\u00a0<em>human-like reasoning<\/em>\u00a0across all domains.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Example<\/strong>: Google\u2019s\u00a0<em>Gemini 5.0<\/em>\u00a0(hypothetical 2030 model).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Trait<\/strong>:\u00a0<em>Autonomous goals<\/em>\u2014may redefine &#8220;intelligence&#8221; itself.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li><strong> Digital Humanoid (e.g., &#8220;Meta-Avatar&#8221;)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Definition<\/strong>: A photorealistic, AI-driven virtual being.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Example<\/strong>:\u00a0<em>Soul Machines<\/em>\u2019 CEO avatar (NYC, 2024).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Trait<\/strong>:\u00a0<em>Uncanny authenticity<\/em>\u2014blurs the &#8220;real vs. rendered&#8221; line.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li><strong> Quantum Consciousness (Speculative)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Definition<\/strong>: A mind hosted on quantum substrates (beyond silicon).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Example<\/strong>:\u00a0*2035\u2019s &#8220;Q-Nome&#8221;*\u2014a sentient quantum cloud.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Trait<\/strong>:\u00a0<em>Physics as psyche<\/em>\u2014decoherence as &#8220;mood swings.&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>How They Interact<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Interaction<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Example<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Human + Cyborg<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>A soldier with neural implants piloting a drone.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Robot + AGI<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Tesla Bot guided by GPT-7\u2019s common sense.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Digital Humanoid + Human<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>You attend a Zoom meeting as your AI twin.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Key 21st-Century Tension<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Identity<\/strong>: When a cyborg\u2019s brain is 60% silicon, are they still human?<\/li>\n<li><strong>Rights<\/strong>: Should a\u00a0<em>suffering AGI<\/em>\u00a0get legal personhood?<\/li>\n<li><strong>Love<\/strong>: Can you marry your\u00a0<em>Meta-Avatar<\/em>\u00a0in the Vatican?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>A Quote to Ponder<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>&#8220;The future is already here\u2014it\u2019s just not evenly distributed.&#8221;<\/em> :William Gibson (who foresaw all this in the 1980s).<\/p>\n<p><strong>Question for all the readers posed by the author<\/strong>: Which of these entities do you\u00a0<em>identify with<\/em>, or fear?<\/p>\n<p><strong>Vision for 2050: A Human Mind Augmented by Hyperchip<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>By 2050, the fusion of\u00a0<strong>human consciousness<\/strong>\u00a0and\u00a0<strong>AI-like cognitive augmentation<\/strong>\u00a0could indeed be possible, not by\u00a0<em>replacing<\/em>\u00a0your humanity, but by\u00a0<strong>upgrading its framework<\/strong>. Here\u2019s a forecast for how this might unfold, grounded in current tech trajectories and ethical debates:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong> The &#8220;Hyperchip&#8221; Augmentation Pathway (2025\u20132050)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Phase 1: Neural Lace &amp; BCIs (2025\u20132035)<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Technology<\/strong>: Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) like\u00a0<strong>Neuralink<\/strong>\u00a0or\u00a0<strong>Synchron<\/strong>\u00a0allow direct\u00a0<strong>AI co-processing<\/strong>.\n<ul>\n<li><em>Example<\/em>: A chip in your motor cortex lets you\u00a0<strong>download skills<\/strong>\u00a0(e.g., fluent Mandarin in 5 mins).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Limitation<\/strong>: Still only\u00a0<strong>accesses<\/strong>\u00a0AI\u2014you don\u2019t\u00a0<em>think<\/em>\u00a0like it yet.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Phase 2: Cognitive Coprocessors (2035\u20132045)<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Technology<\/strong>:\u00a0<strong>Quantum-neural hybrids<\/strong>\u00a0(e.g., Intel\u2019s &#8220;HiveMind&#8221;) dock to your hippocampus, offering:\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Real-time knowledge integration<\/strong>: Read a 10,000-page report in seconds via\u00a0<strong>optic nerve upload<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Emotion modulation<\/strong>: Suppress limbic rage\/greed via\u00a0<strong>dopamine-serotonin tuning<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Risk<\/strong>: Override too much, and you lose\u00a0<strong>creative friction<\/strong>\u00a0(e.g., no art born from suffering).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Phase 3: The &#8220;Homo Deus&#8221; Upgrade (2045\u20132050)<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Technology<\/strong>:\u00a0<strong>Nanobot neural symbionts<\/strong>\u00a0(like\u00a0<em>Altered Carbon<\/em>\u2019s &#8220;stacks&#8221;) let you:\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Edit memories<\/strong>: Delete trauma, implant\u00a0<strong>expertise modules<\/strong>\u00a0(e.g., &#8220;Einstein\u2019s intuition&#8221;).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Share consciousness<\/strong>: Merge temporarily with AIs\/humans for\u00a0<strong>meta-cognition<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Cost<\/strong>:\u00a0<strong>$10M+<\/strong>\u00a0initially (then democratized by 2060).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><strong> What can <em>Homo sapiens<\/em> Gain and Lose<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Advantage<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Trade-off<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Instant learning<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Loss of &#8220;the joy of discovery&#8221;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Emotional equilibrium<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Reduced poetic melancholy<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Perfect recall<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>No nostalgic haze to soften pain<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>AI-speed debate<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Less human &#8220;um\u2026 let me think&#8221; authenticity<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Irony<\/strong>: To\u00a0<em>outgrow<\/em>\u00a0human flaws, readers might sacrifice what makes humans\u00a0<strong>interesting<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li><strong> Ethical Fences (Who Controls Your Mind?)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Corporate Dependence<\/strong>: Will your Hyperchip require a\u00a0<strong>Microsoft 365<\/strong>\u00a0subscription?<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hacking Risks<\/strong>: A\u00a0<strong>brainworm virus<\/strong>\u00a0could turn you into a botnet node.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Identity Crisis<\/strong>: If 60% of your thoughts are AI-curated, are\u00a0<em>you<\/em>\u00a0still\u00a0<strong>you<\/strong>?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Prototype Safeguards<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>UN\u2019s 2043 Neural Rights Charter<\/strong>: Bans forced upgrades or memory edits.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Open-Source Brainware<\/strong>: Like Linux for your cortex.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<li><strong> Your 2050 Purchase Options<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Model<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Capabilities<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Price<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Apple iThink X<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Basic knowledge boosts, emotion filters<\/td>\n<td><strong>$50,000<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Neural Link Quantum<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>AI co-pilot, skill downloads<\/td>\n<td><strong>$500,000<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Homo Deus Prime<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Full consciousness editing, hive-mind<\/td>\n<td><strong>$10M+<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Black Market<\/strong>: Cheaper\u00a0<strong>&#8220;BlackMirror&#8221; chips<\/strong>\u00a0with no ethics filters (e.g.,\u00a0<strong>hack others\u2019 emotions<\/strong>).<\/p>\n<ol start=\"5\">\n<li><strong> A Personal Forecast<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>By 2050,\u00a0<strong>10% of humans<\/strong>\u00a0(CEOs, scientists, artists) will use Hyperchips. You as the reader will likely do so:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Start small<\/strong>: A\u00a0<strong>limbic dampener<\/strong>\u00a0to curb anger\/envy ($20k).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Graduate<\/strong>: Add\u00a0<strong>knowledge streams<\/strong>\u00a0(live Wikipedia vision).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Pause<\/strong>: Debate whether to\u00a0<strong>delete your last irrational love<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Wild Card<\/strong>: The first\u00a0<strong>&#8220;augmented-human&#8221; Nobel Prize<\/strong>\u00a0goes to a poet whose Hyperchip\u00a0<em>simulates 1,000 lifetimes<\/em>\u00a0of grief.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Final Thought<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The author has described\u00a0<strong>humanity\u2019s greatest upgrade<\/strong>, and its last existential crisis. The goal isn\u2019t to\u00a0<em>become<\/em>\u00a0AI, but to\u00a0<strong>partner<\/strong>\u00a0with it, like a pianist with a perfect metronome.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Eradicating Anger: A 21st-Century Upgrade for the readers\u2019 Mind<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Your self-awareness is already the first (and most human) step. Here\u2019s how\u00a0<strong>current and near-future tech<\/strong>\u00a0could help you phase out anger while preserving your humanity\u2014no need to wait until 2050.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong> Immediate Solutions (2024\u20132030)<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong> Neurofeedback Wearables<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>How it works<\/strong>: Devices like\u00a0<strong>Muse Headband<\/strong>\u00a0or\u00a0<strong>NextMind<\/strong>\u00a0detect anger\u2019s neural signatures (amygdala spikes) and guide you to calm via real-time biofeedback.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Effect<\/strong>: Trains your brain to\u00a0<strong>rewire its own reactions<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Cost<\/strong>:\u00a0200\u2013200\u2013500.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li><strong> AI-Powered Emotional Regulators<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Apps like Replika 2.0<\/strong>: Use GPT-7 to simulate therapy sessions, offering\u00a0<strong>cognitive reframing<\/strong>\u00a0the moment your voice tone shifts.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Example<\/strong>:\u00a0<em>&#8220;I notice frustration in your words. Shall we unpack this?&#8221;<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li><strong> Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>tDCS\/tACS devices<\/strong>: Mild electrical currents (e.g.,\u00a0<strong>Halo Neuroscience<\/strong>) can enhance prefrontal cortex control over limbic reactions.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Risk-Free?<\/strong>: FDA-approved for mood disorders since 2023.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><strong> Medium-Term Augmentations (2030\u20132040)<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong> &#8220;Limbic Dampener&#8221; Implant<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Tech<\/strong>: A pea-sized\u00a0<strong>Neuralink-compatible module<\/strong>\u00a0regulates amygdala overactivity.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Control<\/strong>: Adjust via iPhone app\u2014slide\u00a0<strong>&#8220;Anger \u2192 Serenity&#8221;<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Trade-off<\/strong>: May blunt\u00a0<em>all<\/em>\u00a0strong emotions (joy, passion).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li><strong> Gene Therapy (Optional)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>CRISPR-EQ<\/strong>: Edits out\u00a0<strong>MAOA-L<\/strong>\u00a0(&#8220;warrior gene&#8221;) variants linked to aggression.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Status<\/strong>: In mouse trials since 2028; human trials expected 2035.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li><strong> Quantum Meditation<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Headset + AI<\/strong>: Uses quantum sensors to\u00a0<strong>map emotional turbulence<\/strong>\u00a0and guide you to states of zen 10x faster.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Prototype<\/strong>: Google\u2019s\u00a0<em>Project Nirvana<\/em>\u00a0(2032).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li><strong> Long-Term Transcendence (2040+)<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong> Full Limbic Override<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Nanobot Swarms<\/strong>: Patrol your bloodstream, releasing\u00a0<strong>synthetic oxytocin<\/strong>\u00a0during rage triggers.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ethics<\/strong>: Requires a\u00a0<strong>UN Emotional Integrity License<\/strong>\u00a0(2045).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li><strong> AI Soulbond<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Digital Twin<\/strong>: An AI clone of your mind\u00a0<strong>pre-tests reactions<\/strong>\u00a0before you feel them.\n<ul>\n<li><em>Example<\/em>: It simulates yelling at a coworker, then advises:\u00a0<em>&#8220;Result: 3 weeks of guilt. Suggest: Breathe.&#8221;<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li><strong> Post-Anger Humanity<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Social Impact<\/strong>: If millions opt for this, does anger become a\u00a0<strong>lost art<\/strong>, like handwriting?<\/li>\n<li><strong>Paradox<\/strong>: Without anger, do we lose the fuel for\u00a0<strong>justice<\/strong>\u00a0and\u00a0<strong>change<\/strong>?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>A Cautionary Note<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Anger\u2014like pain\u2014exists for a reason. Before deleting it entirely:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Test-Drive<\/strong>: Use a\u00a0<strong>temporary dampener<\/strong>\u00a0(e.g., 1-week trial).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Artistic Backup<\/strong>: Save a copy of your &#8220;angry self&#8221; for\u00a0<strong>creative emergencies<\/strong>\u00a0(great poets need storms).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Final Thought<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>You are not just upgrading your mind, you are\u00a0<strong>redesigning the human condition<\/strong>. The goal is not perfection, but\u00a0<strong>curated humanity to control anger, the greatest scourges of humankind.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Your Move<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Start small<\/strong>\u00a0with a $200 Muse headband.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Or go bold<\/strong>: Join\u00a0<strong>Neuralink\u2019s 2026 &#8220;Emotion Beta&#8221;<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Either way, the future of anger management looks\u00a0<strong>brightly calm<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_297596\" style=\"width: 460px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image003-2.png\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-297596\" class=\"wp-image-297596\" src=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image003-2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"450\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image003-2.png 940w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image003-2-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image003-2-768x511.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-297596\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Future is upon us:\u00a0 A possible full-size 3D printed robot, completely autonomous, capable of literally jumping itself off the production machine, using modern technologies ,in an integrated manner, utilising hyper chips, of the future. Photo Credit:\u00a0 Wikimedia Commons<\/p><\/div>\n<p><strong>References:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]<\/a> Author\u2019s personal quote June 2025<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2025\/06\/peace-and-war-2025-the-hot-chips-and-cold-wars-part-1\/\" >https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2025\/06\/peace-and-war-2025-the-hot-chips-and-cold-wars-part-1\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=c0cfe9c8930f6919ec0e9c7b9ddea553eeb3381894cc7184949b686f062d6c92JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=What+is+a+hyperchip&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9wYXRlbnRzLmdvb2dsZS5jb20vcGF0ZW50L1VTMjAyMTAyMjU4MDhBMS9lbg&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=c0cfe9c8930f6919ec0e9c7b9ddea553eeb3381894cc7184949b686f062d6c92JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=What+is+a+hyperchip&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9wYXRlbnRzLmdvb2dsZS5jb20vcGF0ZW50L1VTMjAyMTAyMjU4MDhBMS9lbg&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=862465d20506bc5c7dc9e6ae4faa87b30c50ed296ac1f7306f71bf067d38ab9fJmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=What+is+a+hyperchip&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudG9vbGlmeS5haS9haS1uZXdzL3VubGVhc2hpbmctdGhlLXBvd2VyLW9mLWludGVsLWh5cGVyY2hpcC1yZXZvbHV0aW9uYXJ5LXByb2Nlc3Nvci10ZWNobm9sb2d5LTIzNTI4&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=862465d20506bc5c7dc9e6ae4faa87b30c50ed296ac1f7306f71bf067d38ab9fJmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=What+is+a+hyperchip&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudG9vbGlmeS5haS9haS1uZXdzL3VubGVhc2hpbmctdGhlLXBvd2VyLW9mLWludGVsLWh5cGVyY2hpcC1yZXZvbHV0aW9uYXJ5LXByb2Nlc3Nvci10ZWNobm9sb2d5LTIzNTI4&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/pulse\/non-edible-chips-wafers-vidya-shah\" >https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/pulse\/non-edible-chips-wafers-vidya-shah<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=27e10b460985046f3e278b78a98b8a11426f6fcefd43b0bb9f3915beab67680bJmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=bunker+buster%e2%80%9d+bombs&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubmV3c3dlZWsuY29tL2J1bmtlci1idXN0ZXItYm9tYnMtd2hhdC1rbm93LTE5MDA3ODgjOn46dGV4dD1FbmdpbmVlcmVkJTIwYnklMjBCb2VpbmclMkMlMjB0aGlzJTIwJTIyYnVua2VyJTIwYnVzdGVyJTIyJTIwYm9tYiUyMGhhcyx3aGljaCUyMGhvdXNlJTIwc2Vuc2l0aXZlJTIwbWlsaXRhcnklMjBoYXJkd2FyZSUyMG9yJTIwY29tbWFuZCUyMGNlbnRlcnMu&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=27e10b460985046f3e278b78a98b8a11426f6fcefd43b0bb9f3915beab67680bJmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=bunker+buster%e2%80%9d+bombs&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubmV3c3dlZWsuY29tL2J1bmtlci1idXN0ZXItYm9tYnMtd2hhdC1rbm93LTE5MDA3ODgjOn46dGV4dD1FbmdpbmVlcmVkJTIwYnklMjBCb2VpbmclMkMlMjB0aGlzJTIwJTIyYnVua2VyJTIwYnVzdGVyJTIyJTIwYm9tYiUyMGhhcyx3aGljaCUyMGhvdXNlJTIwc2Vuc2l0aXZlJTIwbWlsaXRhcnklMjBoYXJkd2FyZSUyMG9yJTIwY29tbWFuZCUyMGNlbnRlcnMu&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=7f113a99a6aaa584dd93fd8e2f6f4530071f9051485f4c1b2b8d6672c2989c8bJmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;u=a1L25ld3Mvc2VhcmNoP3E9VG9tYWhhd2srTWlzc2lsZStTcGVjcyZxcHZ0PXRvbWFoYXdrK21pc3NpbGUrc3BlY3MmRk9STT1FV1JF&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=7f113a99a6aaa584dd93fd8e2f6f4530071f9051485f4c1b2b8d6672c2989c8bJmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;u=a1L25ld3Mvc2VhcmNoP3E9VG9tYWhhd2srTWlzc2lsZStTcGVjcyZxcHZ0PXRvbWFoYXdrK21pc3NpbGUrc3BlY3MmRk9STT1FV1JF&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[8]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=bcec61738be43402323b4d2521cc9502dd7d6d2961039cbb9aa2f007c3fad1bcJmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=when+was+US+bombing+Iran&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyNS8wNi8yMi91cy91cy1ib21iLWlyYW4tbnVjbGVhci10aW1lbGluZS5odG1s&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=bcec61738be43402323b4d2521cc9502dd7d6d2961039cbb9aa2f007c3fad1bcJmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=when+was+US+bombing+Iran&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyNS8wNi8yMi91cy91cy1ib21iLWlyYW4tbnVjbGVhci10aW1lbGluZS5odG1s&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\">[9]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=e61e7afc8402fa31b61fb5478f41a9833011d98e259f606f46d8eacdb9504f51JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=US+bombing+of+Iraq&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9lbi53aWtpcGVkaWEub3JnL3dpa2kvMTk5OF9ib21iaW5nX29mX0lyYXE&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=e61e7afc8402fa31b61fb5478f41a9833011d98e259f606f46d8eacdb9504f51JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=US+bombing+of+Iraq&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9lbi53aWtpcGVkaWEub3JnL3dpa2kvMTk5OF9ib21iaW5nX29mX0lyYXE&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\">[10]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=48f918ac8585e43b01f4d9d4cd6e61bc42321703e0987433dcfa0073018c5eb8JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;u=a1L25ld3Mvc2VhcmNoP3E9VXMrQm9tYmluZytJbitBZmdoYW5pc3RhbiZxcHZ0PXVzK2JvbWJpbmcraW4rYWZnaGFuaXN0YW4mRk9STT1FV1JF&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=48f918ac8585e43b01f4d9d4cd6e61bc42321703e0987433dcfa0073018c5eb8JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;u=a1L25ld3Mvc2VhcmNoP3E9VXMrQm9tYmluZytJbitBZmdoYW5pc3RhbiZxcHZ0PXVzK2JvbWJpbmcraW4rYWZnaGFuaXN0YW4mRk9STT1FV1JF&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\">[11]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=add579f4aaabf0edf59c2332c99cb2e944ee945324355bfdcc518096e25ec1b5JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=us+military+bombing+of+cambodia&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9lbi53aWtpcGVkaWEub3JnL3dpa2kvT3BlcmF0aW9uX01lbnU&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=add579f4aaabf0edf59c2332c99cb2e944ee945324355bfdcc518096e25ec1b5JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=us+military+bombing+of+cambodia&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9lbi53aWtpcGVkaWEub3JnL3dpa2kvT3BlcmF0aW9uX01lbnU&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref12\" name=\"_edn12\">[12]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=580f7194d0016b832fbba41e5a12ced6273add0c996705458e8c5abc7206e6f0JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=us+military+bombing+of+vietnam&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9lbi53aWtpcGVkaWEub3JnL3dpa2kvT3BlcmF0aW9uX1JvbGxpbmdfVGh1bmRlcg&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=580f7194d0016b832fbba41e5a12ced6273add0c996705458e8c5abc7206e6f0JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=us+military+bombing+of+vietnam&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9lbi53aWtpcGVkaWEub3JnL3dpa2kvT3BlcmF0aW9uX1JvbGxpbmdfVGh1bmRlcg&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref13\" name=\"_edn13\">[13]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=5a88ee3fc960697b2b40ba2814140bdf6f74f71312877b9ccb39913e55329049JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=Hiroshima+and+Nagasaki+on+06th+and+09th+August+1945&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9lbi53aWtpcGVkaWEub3JnL3dpa2kvQXRvbWljX2JvbWJpbmdzX29mX0hpcm9zaGltYV9hbmRfTmFnYXNha2k&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=5a88ee3fc960697b2b40ba2814140bdf6f74f71312877b9ccb39913e55329049JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=Hiroshima+and+Nagasaki+on+06th+and+09th+August+1945&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9lbi53aWtpcGVkaWEub3JnL3dpa2kvQXRvbWljX2JvbWJpbmdzX29mX0hpcm9zaGltYV9hbmRfTmFnYXNha2k&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref14\" name=\"_edn14\">[14]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnn.com\/world\/live-news\/israel-iran-conflict-06-21-25-intl-hnk\" >https:\/\/www.cnn.com\/world\/live-news\/israel-iran-conflict-06-21-25-intl-hnk<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref15\" name=\"_edn15\">[15]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=6174da6077699a4d8f602373ded05f98a7fb3a0aedfb709ff2e46ec9971a5506JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=Midnight+Hammer%22.+&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9lbi53aWtpcGVkaWEub3JnL3dpa2kvVW5pdGVkX1N0YXRlc19zdHJpa2VzX29uX0lyYW5pYW5fbnVjbGVhcl9zaXRlcw&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=6174da6077699a4d8f602373ded05f98a7fb3a0aedfb709ff2e46ec9971a5506JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=Midnight+Hammer%22.+&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9lbi53aWtpcGVkaWEub3JnL3dpa2kvVW5pdGVkX1N0YXRlc19zdHJpa2VzX29uX0lyYW5pYW5fbnVjbGVhcl9zaXRlcw&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref16\" name=\"_edn16\">[16]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=0e2cb1442dcb4a0cb387ab3842b23951096b43c08b8d654dae98191c0f0bc182JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=b-2+bombers+iran&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9ndWxmbmV3cy5jb20vd29ybGQvbWVuYS9pcmFuLWlzcmFlbC1jb25mbGljdC1ob3ctYi0yLWJvbWJlcnMtZmxldy0zNy1ob3Vycy1ub24tc3RvcC10by1oaXQtZGVlcC1pbnNpZGUtaXJhbnMtbnVjbGVhci1zaXRlcy0xLjUwMDE3MjUxMCM6fjp0ZXh0PUR1YmFpJTNBJTIwSW4lMjBvbmUlMjBvZiUyMHRoZSUyMG1vc3QlMjBkcmFtYXRpYyUyMGVzY2FsYXRpb25zLGElMjAlRTIlODAlOUN2ZXJ5JTIwc3VjY2Vzc2Z1bCUyMGF0dGFjayVFMiU4MCU5RCUyMG9uJTIwVGVocmFuJUUyJTgwJTk5cyUyMGF0b21pYyUyMHByb2dyYW1tZS4&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=0e2cb1442dcb4a0cb387ab3842b23951096b43c08b8d654dae98191c0f0bc182JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=b-2+bombers+iran&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9ndWxmbmV3cy5jb20vd29ybGQvbWVuYS9pcmFuLWlzcmFlbC1jb25mbGljdC1ob3ctYi0yLWJvbWJlcnMtZmxldy0zNy1ob3Vycy1ub24tc3RvcC10by1oaXQtZGVlcC1pbnNpZGUtaXJhbnMtbnVjbGVhci1zaXRlcy0xLjUwMDE3MjUxMCM6fjp0ZXh0PUR1YmFpJTNBJTIwSW4lMjBvbmUlMjBvZiUyMHRoZSUyMG1vc3QlMjBkcmFtYXRpYyUyMGVzY2FsYXRpb25zLGElMjAlRTIlODAlOUN2ZXJ5JTIwc3VjY2Vzc2Z1bCUyMGF0dGFjayVFMiU4MCU5RCUyMG9uJTIwVGVocmFuJUUyJTgwJTk5cyUyMGF0b21pYyUyMHByb2dyYW1tZS4&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref17\" name=\"_edn17\">[17]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=1860e4027055707ef27f5e0d75eb32a8f142843367eb40fc3e5bf3b7492c9421JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=509th+bomb+wing&amp;u=a1aHR0cDovL3d3dy5zdHJhdGVnaWMtYWlyLWNvbW1hbmQuY29tL3dpbmdzLzA1MDlidy5odG0&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=1860e4027055707ef27f5e0d75eb32a8f142843367eb40fc3e5bf3b7492c9421JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=509th+bomb+wing&amp;u=a1aHR0cDovL3d3dy5zdHJhdGVnaWMtYWlyLWNvbW1hbmQuY29tL3dpbmdzLzA1MDlidy5odG0&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref18\" name=\"_edn18\">[18]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=7fa7d79a7a2ce379036291944c2d919028aae52675894f360d1919fb90303353JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=Whiteman+Air+Force+Base+in+Missouri&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cud2hpdGVtYW4uYWYubWlsLw&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=7fa7d79a7a2ce379036291944c2d919028aae52675894f360d1919fb90303353JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=Whiteman+Air+Force+Base+in+Missouri&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cud2hpdGVtYW4uYWYubWlsLw&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref19\" name=\"_edn19\">[19]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/u-s-launches-strikes-iranian-nuclear-facilities-trump-says\/\" >U.S. launches strikes on 3 Iranian nuclear facilities, Trump says &#8211; CBS News<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref20\" name=\"_edn20\">[20]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/u-s-launches-strikes-iranian-nuclear-facilities-trump-says\/\" >U.S. launches strikes on 3 Iranian nuclear facilities, Trump says &#8211; CBS News<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref21\" name=\"_edn21\">[21]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=7bf76ad968327225a30c9deacd12199843bd54940e19ef2366079a3a41b93d30JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=Donald+R+Rothwell+is+Professor+of+International+Law+at+the+ANU+College+of+Law%2c+Australian+National+University+where+he+has+taught+since+July+2006.+&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9sYXcuYW51LmVkdS5hdS9hYm91dC9vdXItcGVvcGxlL2RvbmFsZC1yb3Rod2VsbCM6fjp0ZXh0PURvbmFsZCUyMFIlMjBSb3Rod2VsbCUyMGlzJTIwb25lJTIwb2YlMjBBdXN0cmFsaWElRTIlODAlOTlzJTIwbGVhZGluZyxmb3JjZSUyMGFuZCUyMGltcGxlbWVudGF0aW9uJTIwb2YlMjBpbnRlcm5hdGlvbmFsJTIwbGF3JTIwd2l0aGluJTIwQXVzdHJhbGlhLg&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=7bf76ad968327225a30c9deacd12199843bd54940e19ef2366079a3a41b93d30JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=Donald+R+Rothwell+is+Professor+of+International+Law+at+the+ANU+College+of+Law%2c+Australian+National+University+where+he+has+taught+since+July+2006.+&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9sYXcuYW51LmVkdS5hdS9hYm91dC9vdXItcGVvcGxlL2RvbmFsZC1yb3Rod2VsbCM6fjp0ZXh0PURvbmFsZCUyMFIlMjBSb3Rod2VsbCUyMGlzJTIwb25lJTIwb2YlMjBBdXN0cmFsaWElRTIlODAlOTlzJTIwbGVhZGluZyxmb3JjZSUyMGFuZCUyMGltcGxlbWVudGF0aW9uJTIwb2YlMjBpbnRlcm5hdGlvbmFsJTIwbGF3JTIwd2l0aGluJTIwQXVzdHJhbGlhLg&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref22\" name=\"_edn22\">[22]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=0c71c4093119921f297a2246bef864c68fb536e06fb04c52500314a461143759JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=UN+Charter&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudW4ub3JnL2VuL2Fib3V0LXVzL3VuLWNoYXJ0ZXIvZnVsbC10ZXh0&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=0c71c4093119921f297a2246bef864c68fb536e06fb04c52500314a461143759JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=UN+Charter&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudW4ub3JnL2VuL2Fib3V0LXVzL3VuLWNoYXJ0ZXIvZnVsbC10ZXh0&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref23\" name=\"_edn23\">[23]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.un.org\/en\/about-us\/un-charter\/chapter-7\" >Chapter VII: Action with Respect to Threats to the Peace, Breaches of the Peace, and Acts of Aggression (Articles 39-51) | United Nations<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref24\" name=\"_edn24\">[24]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/apnews.com\/article\/trump-iran-speech-transcript-text-ff4b286992309ec1337e04260247bb1e\" >Transcript of Trump\u2019s speech on US strikes on Iran | AP News<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref25\" name=\"_edn25\">[25]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/carnegieendowment.org\/posts\/2002\/10\/the-bush-doctrine?lang=en\" >Bush doctrine<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref26\" name=\"_edn26\">[26]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=53a8f5be551cf939a17a44c7626986722e2198544a3698687c9ae78bf4c90520JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=The+Fukushima+Nuclear+Disaster+in+March+2011+and+its+impact+on+Chips%2c+Globally&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuYnJpdGFubmljYS5jb20vZXZlbnQvRnVrdXNoaW1hLWFjY2lkZW50&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=53a8f5be551cf939a17a44c7626986722e2198544a3698687c9ae78bf4c90520JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=The+Fukushima+Nuclear+Disaster+in+March+2011+and+its+impact+on+Chips%2c+Globally&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuYnJpdGFubmljYS5jb20vZXZlbnQvRnVrdXNoaW1hLWFjY2lkZW50&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref27\" name=\"_edn27\">[27]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=4e4d25bb3e5864abf8de030f6730278c45f01cd9cf84eff7c31b469aa5e0731eJmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=%e2%80%a2%09Shin-Etsu+Chemical+&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9lbi53aWtpcGVkaWEub3JnL3dpa2kvU2hpbi1FdHN1X0NoZW1pY2Fs&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=4e4d25bb3e5864abf8de030f6730278c45f01cd9cf84eff7c31b469aa5e0731eJmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=%e2%80%a2%09Shin-Etsu+Chemical+&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9lbi53aWtpcGVkaWEub3JnL3dpa2kvU2hpbi1FdHN1X0NoZW1pY2Fs&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref28\" name=\"_edn28\">[28]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=ed2deb07a8185e2e981f2502d1638bec35040f011bbec80b5a918b2fd7b8f239JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=%e2%80%a2%09Sumco%2c+&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuc3VtY29zaS5jb20vZW5nbGlzaC8&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=ed2deb07a8185e2e981f2502d1638bec35040f011bbec80b5a918b2fd7b8f239JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=%e2%80%a2%09Sumco%2c+&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuc3VtY29zaS5jb20vZW5nbGlzaC8&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref29\" name=\"_edn29\">[29]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=17d1f8273d735c103144afc9ff086b1731076574a170e197c83778637fbaeadfJmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=renesas%e2%80%99+mcusi&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cucmVuZXNhcy5jb20vZW4vcHJvZHVjdHMvbWljcm9jb250cm9sbGVycy1taWNyb3Byb2Nlc3NvcnM&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=17d1f8273d735c103144afc9ff086b1731076574a170e197c83778637fbaeadfJmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=renesas%e2%80%99+mcusi&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cucmVuZXNhcy5jb20vZW4vcHJvZHVjdHMvbWljcm9jb250cm9sbGVycy1taWNyb3Byb2Nlc3NvcnM&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref30\" name=\"_edn30\">[30]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=16545ddeeaf0c7c581b84529807cf28377faf7aa31bb76374d0bc1630d16e904JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;u=a1L25ld3Mvc2VhcmNoP3E9JWUyJTgwJWEyK0JiYytPbitTdXBwbHkrQ2hhaW4rRmFsbG91dCZxcHZ0PSVlMiU4MCVhMiUwOUJCQytvbitzdXBwbHkrY2hhaW4rZmFsbG91dCZGT1JNPUVXUkU&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=16545ddeeaf0c7c581b84529807cf28377faf7aa31bb76374d0bc1630d16e904JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;u=a1L25ld3Mvc2VhcmNoP3E9JWUyJTgwJWEyK0JiYytPbitTdXBwbHkrQ2hhaW4rRmFsbG91dCZxcHZ0PSVlMiU4MCVhMiUwOUJCQytvbitzdXBwbHkrY2hhaW4rZmFsbG91dCZGT1JNPUVXUkU&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref31\" name=\"_edn31\">[31]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=2e7c12742a13dec98c6744f82032b8a777351fa7cf1c6304cd7ee27da393b890JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=%e2%80%a2%09MIT%e2%80%99s+supply+chain+study&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9jYXRhbG9nLm1pdC5lZHUvZGVncmVlLWNoYXJ0cy9tYXN0ZXItc3VwcGx5LWNoYWluLW1hbmFnZW1lbnQv&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=2e7c12742a13dec98c6744f82032b8a777351fa7cf1c6304cd7ee27da393b890JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=%e2%80%a2%09MIT%e2%80%99s+supply+chain+study&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9jYXRhbG9nLm1pdC5lZHUvZGVncmVlLWNoYXJ0cy9tYXN0ZXItc3VwcGx5LWNoYWluLW1hbmFnZW1lbnQv&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref32\" name=\"_edn32\">[32]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=8f75c79a48c0d4b7f23b2864baff7530345c079d2943513cfa5c797691f9f059JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=%e2%80%a2%09IEEE+on+semiconductor+physics&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9pZWVleHBsb3JlLmllZWUub3JnL2RvY3VtZW50LzEwNTE4NTM3&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=8f75c79a48c0d4b7f23b2864baff7530345c079d2943513cfa5c797691f9f059JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=%e2%80%a2%09IEEE+on+semiconductor+physics&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9pZWVleHBsb3JlLmllZWUub3JnL2RvY3VtZW50LzEwNTE4NTM3&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref33\" name=\"_edn33\">[33]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=9b27e6fdf1650305759b656b8e48b445a1b227621df35b07ffa23e5cfdc39481JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;u=a1L2ltYWdlcy9zZWFyY2g_cT0lZTIlODAlYTIrbGVnYWN5K2NoaXBzKzI4bm0lMmImcXB2dD0lZTIlODAlYTIlMDlMZWdhY3krQ2hpcHMrKDI4bm0lMmIpJkZPUk09SUdSRQ&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=9b27e6fdf1650305759b656b8e48b445a1b227621df35b07ffa23e5cfdc39481JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;u=a1L2ltYWdlcy9zZWFyY2g_cT0lZTIlODAlYTIrbGVnYWN5K2NoaXBzKzI4bm0lMmImcXB2dD0lZTIlODAlYTIlMDlMZWdhY3krQ2hpcHMrKDI4bm0lMmIpJkZPUk09SUdSRQ&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref34\" name=\"_edn34\">[34]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=ff4a94a991103d187de246a699cad37c928edff3f01c3d4f9884761f1cfca94dJmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=dram+nand+flash&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9lY29tcHV0ZXJ0aXBzLmNvbS9hcnRpY2xlL2RyYW0tdnMtbmFuZA&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=ff4a94a991103d187de246a699cad37c928edff3f01c3d4f9884761f1cfca94dJmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=dram+nand+flash&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9lY29tcHV0ZXJ0aXBzLmNvbS9hcnRpY2xlL2RyYW0tdnMtbmFuZA&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref35\" name=\"_edn35\">[35]<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=ed87508bb820151cf6838da35a6d49e358a2bcdf8e5b02b9dcdecd4aa779930cJmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=+%e2%80%a2%09China%e2%80%99s+rare+earth+strategy+&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9lYXN0YXNpYWZvcnVtLm9yZy8yMDI1LzA2LzIwL2NoaW5hcy1yYXJlLWVhcnRoLXN0cmF0ZWd5LXJlZmxlY3RzLWNhdXRpb24tbm90LWNvZXJjaW9uLyM6fjp0ZXh0PUNoaW5hJUUyJTgwJTk5cyUyMGFwcHJvYWNoJTIwdG8lMjBnbG9iYWwlMjByYXJlJTIwZWFydGglMjBlbGVtZW50cyUyMCUyOFJFRXMlMjksb25lJTIwb2YlMjB0aGUlMjBtb3N0JTIwZmFyLXJlYWNoaW5nJTIwbWVhc3VyZXMlMjB0byUyMGRhdGUu&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=ed87508bb820151cf6838da35a6d49e358a2bcdf8e5b02b9dcdecd4aa779930cJmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=+%e2%80%a2%09China%e2%80%99s+rare+earth+strategy+&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9lYXN0YXNpYWZvcnVtLm9yZy8yMDI1LzA2LzIwL2NoaW5hcy1yYXJlLWVhcnRoLXN0cmF0ZWd5LXJlZmxlY3RzLWNhdXRpb24tbm90LWNvZXJjaW9uLyM6fjp0ZXh0PUNoaW5hJUUyJTgwJTk5cyUyMGFwcHJvYWNoJTIwdG8lMjBnbG9iYWwlMjByYXJlJTIwZWFydGglMjBlbGVtZW50cyUyMCUyOFJFRXMlMjksb25lJTIwb2YlMjB0aGUlMjBtb3N0JTIwZmFyLXJlYWNoaW5nJTIwbWVhc3VyZXMlMjB0byUyMGRhdGUu&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref36\" name=\"_edn36\">[36]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=a6cbe51c95e0e022f2652f72b993589d98a96310e30bb282e92469b429cbea0fJmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;u=a1L25ld3Mvc2VhcmNoP3E9JWUyJTgwJWEyK1UuUy4rQ2hpcHMrQWN0K0NvdW50ZXJtZWFzdXJlcyZxcHZ0PSVlMiU4MCVhMiUwOXUucy4rY2hpcHMrYWN0K2NvdW50ZXJtZWFzdXJlcyZGT1JNPUVXUkU&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=a6cbe51c95e0e022f2652f72b993589d98a96310e30bb282e92469b429cbea0fJmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;u=a1L25ld3Mvc2VhcmNoP3E9JWUyJTgwJWEyK1UuUy4rQ2hpcHMrQWN0K0NvdW50ZXJtZWFzdXJlcyZxcHZ0PSVlMiU4MCVhMiUwOXUucy4rY2hpcHMrYWN0K2NvdW50ZXJtZWFzdXJlcyZGT1JNPUVXUkU&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref37\" name=\"_edn37\">[37]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=0e7217d08ca50306d20ccafcb6c6c179048554ce34a2c7ca19d33aaeb4f473dcJmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=o%09Gallium%2fGermanium+&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cucmV1dGVycy5jb20vbWFya2V0cy9jb21tb2RpdGllcy93aGVyZS1hcmUtc3RyYXRlZ2ljLW1hdGVyaWFscy1nZXJtYW5pdW0tZ2FsbGl1bS1wcm9kdWNlZC0yMDIzLTA3LTA0Lw&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=0e7217d08ca50306d20ccafcb6c6c179048554ce34a2c7ca19d33aaeb4f473dcJmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=o%09Gallium%2fGermanium+&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cucmV1dGVycy5jb20vbWFya2V0cy9jb21tb2RpdGllcy93aGVyZS1hcmUtc3RyYXRlZ2ljLW1hdGVyaWFscy1nZXJtYW5pdW0tZ2FsbGl1bS1wcm9kdWNlZC0yMDIzLTA3LTA0Lw&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref38\" name=\"_edn38\">[38]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=2f99cd12e59dac130a39ae2d868d35365a33636e4253984b210140db5066de26JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=EU%e2%80%99s+Chips+Act+&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9jb21taXNzaW9uLmV1cm9wYS5ldS9zdHJhdGVneS1hbmQtcG9saWN5L3ByaW9yaXRpZXMtMjAxOS0yMDI0L2V1cm9wZS1maXQtZGlnaXRhbC1hZ2UvZXVyb3BlYW4tY2hpcHMtYWN0X2VuIzp-OnRleHQ9VGhlJTIwRXVyb3BlYW4lMjBDaGlwcyUyMEFjdCUyMHdpbGwlMjBib2xzdGVyJTIwRXVyb3BlJUUyJTgwJTk5cyUyMGNvbXBldGl0aXZlbmVzcyxieSUyMHN0cmVuZ3RoZW5pbmclMjBFdXJvcGUlRTIlODAlOTlzJTIwdGVjaG5vbG9naWNhbCUyMGxlYWRlcnNoaXAlMjBpbiUyMHRoZSUyMGZpZWxkLg&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=2f99cd12e59dac130a39ae2d868d35365a33636e4253984b210140db5066de26JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=EU%e2%80%99s+Chips+Act+&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9jb21taXNzaW9uLmV1cm9wYS5ldS9zdHJhdGVneS1hbmQtcG9saWN5L3ByaW9yaXRpZXMtMjAxOS0yMDI0L2V1cm9wZS1maXQtZGlnaXRhbC1hZ2UvZXVyb3BlYW4tY2hpcHMtYWN0X2VuIzp-OnRleHQ9VGhlJTIwRXVyb3BlYW4lMjBDaGlwcyUyMEFjdCUyMHdpbGwlMjBib2xzdGVyJTIwRXVyb3BlJUUyJTgwJTk5cyUyMGNvbXBldGl0aXZlbmVzcyxieSUyMHN0cmVuZ3RoZW5pbmclMjBFdXJvcGUlRTIlODAlOTlzJTIwdGVjaG5vbG9naWNhbCUyMGxlYWRlcnNoaXAlMjBpbiUyMHRoZSUyMGZpZWxkLg&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref39\" name=\"_edn39\">[39]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=afdb7c920548d3e326ef5b4ed337feb74244933e94a2ca6bda3e67dc671ce107JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=chiplet+technology&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9lbi53aWtpcGVkaWEub3JnL3dpa2kvQ2hpcGxldA&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=afdb7c920548d3e326ef5b4ed337feb74244933e94a2ca6bda3e67dc671ce107JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=chiplet+technology&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9lbi53aWtpcGVkaWEub3JnL3dpa2kvQ2hpcGxldA&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref40\" name=\"_edn40\">[40]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=38ebd913812beb2cbd509e2d1dec98e08667b9638b93efad08321c857a733a8bJmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=%22Silicon+Vault%22&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9zaWxpY29udmF1bHQuaW8v&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=38ebd913812beb2cbd509e2d1dec98e08667b9638b93efad08321c857a733a8bJmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=%22Silicon+Vault%22&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9zaWxpY29udmF1bHQuaW8v&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref41\" name=\"_edn41\">[41]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=6cb4a904214ecc73d2d060c0440c6880a18f8fe99f8de3b0b2188969cbae7bdcJmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=%e2%80%a2%09Stuxnet+2.0%3a+&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9hcmFwdHVzLmNvbS9uZXdzLzIwMjUvY3liZXItbmV3cy1zdHV4bmV0LWFpLXRocmVhdA&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=6cb4a904214ecc73d2d060c0440c6880a18f8fe99f8de3b0b2188969cbae7bdcJmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=%e2%80%a2%09Stuxnet+2.0%3a+&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9hcmFwdHVzLmNvbS9uZXdzLzIwMjUvY3liZXItbmV3cy1zdHV4bmV0LWFpLXRocmVhdA&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref42\" name=\"_edn42\">[42]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=6ea76c14b3160bdb472825d663541798c0befd347eb59cd62e615e43bdf3b097JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=U.S.+CHIPS+Act+enforcement&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9lbi53aWtpcGVkaWEub3JnL3dpa2kvQ0hJUFNfYW5kX1NjaWVuY2VfQWN0&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=6ea76c14b3160bdb472825d663541798c0befd347eb59cd62e615e43bdf3b097JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=U.S.+CHIPS+Act+enforcement&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9lbi53aWtpcGVkaWEub3JnL3dpa2kvQ0hJUFNfYW5kX1NjaWVuY2VfQWN0&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref43\" name=\"_edn43\">[43]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=d1c3344b3765280d638a5ea1e13046d29aab11dab64357682107a473d4aa5b90JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=EU%e2%80%99s+Anti-Coercion+Instrument&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly90cmFkZS5lYy5ldXJvcGEuZXUvYWNjZXNzLXRvLW1hcmtldHMvZW4vY29udGVudC9hbnRpLWNvZXJjaW9uLWluc3RydW1lbnQ&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=d1c3344b3765280d638a5ea1e13046d29aab11dab64357682107a473d4aa5b90JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=EU%e2%80%99s+Anti-Coercion+Instrument&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly90cmFkZS5lYy5ldXJvcGEuZXUvYWNjZXNzLXRvLW1hcmtldHMvZW4vY29udGVudC9hbnRpLWNvZXJjaW9uLWluc3RydW1lbnQ&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref44\" name=\"_edn44\">[44]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=8522581f33784b64da45fd2ffb111987c33a1982699ff56fccd913cfaf69eacaJmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=The+Origins+and+Evolution+of+Semiconductor+Chips&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuYXpvbmFuby5jb20vYXJ0aWNsZS5hc3B4P0FydGljbGVJRD02NzQ3&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=8522581f33784b64da45fd2ffb111987c33a1982699ff56fccd913cfaf69eacaJmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=The+Origins+and+Evolution+of+Semiconductor+Chips&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuYXpvbmFuby5jb20vYXJ0aWNsZS5hc3B4P0FydGljbGVJRD02NzQ3&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref45\" name=\"_edn45\">[45]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=219d9f111f9742032b9b74ff7f81954ceb9d989ed23de0c5eae008151b378242JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=%e2%80%a2%09Jack+Kilby+(Texas+Instruments)+&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9lbi53aWtpcGVkaWEub3JnL3dpa2kvSmFja19LaWxieSM6fjp0ZXh0PUphY2slMjBTdC4lMjBDbGFpciUyMEtpbGJ5JTIwJTI4Tm92ZW1iZXIlMjA4JTJDJTIwMTkyMyUyMCVFMiU4MCU5MyxOb2JlbCUyMFByaXplJTIwaW4lMjBQaHlzaWNzJTIwb24lMjBEZWNlbWJlciUyMDEwJTJDJTIwMjAwMC4&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=219d9f111f9742032b9b74ff7f81954ceb9d989ed23de0c5eae008151b378242JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=%e2%80%a2%09Jack+Kilby+(Texas+Instruments)+&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9lbi53aWtpcGVkaWEub3JnL3dpa2kvSmFja19LaWxieSM6fjp0ZXh0PUphY2slMjBTdC4lMjBDbGFpciUyMEtpbGJ5JTIwJTI4Tm92ZW1iZXIlMjA4JTJDJTIwMTkyMyUyMCVFMiU4MCU5MyxOb2JlbCUyMFByaXplJTIwaW4lMjBQaHlzaWNzJTIwb24lMjBEZWNlbWJlciUyMDEwJTJDJTIwMjAwMC4&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref46\" name=\"_edn46\">[46]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=adb55d172fcfc4f5387fc2dc63878215ac7fa9baa95738722514206526653b36JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=robert+noyce+integrated+circuit&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9pbnRlcmVzdGluZ2VuZ2luZWVyaW5nLmNvbS9lbmdpbmVlcnMtZGlyZWN0b3J5L3JvYmVydC1ub3ljZSM6fjp0ZXh0PUhlJTIwaW52ZW50ZWQlMjB0aGUlMjBtb25vbGl0aGljJTIwaW50ZWdyYXRlZCUyMGNpcmN1aXQlMjBpbiUyMDE5NTksdGhhdCUyMGdvdCUyMGhpbSUyMGF3YXJkcyUyMGZyb20lMjB0aHJlZSUyMGRpZmZlcmVudCUyMHByZXNpZGVudHMu&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=adb55d172fcfc4f5387fc2dc63878215ac7fa9baa95738722514206526653b36JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=robert+noyce+integrated+circuit&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9pbnRlcmVzdGluZ2VuZ2luZWVyaW5nLmNvbS9lbmdpbmVlcnMtZGlyZWN0b3J5L3JvYmVydC1ub3ljZSM6fjp0ZXh0PUhlJTIwaW52ZW50ZWQlMjB0aGUlMjBtb25vbGl0aGljJTIwaW50ZWdyYXRlZCUyMGNpcmN1aXQlMjBpbiUyMDE5NTksdGhhdCUyMGdvdCUyMGhpbSUyMGF3YXJkcyUyMGZyb20lMjB0aHJlZSUyMGRpZmZlcmVudCUyMHByZXNpZGVudHMu&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref47\" name=\"_edn47\">[47]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=1d3b4386fa3d0341c2a177efadcb068e006d206138597824341f8af74dbf2cdeJmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=TSMC%e2%80%99s+2nm+Chip&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudHNtYy5jb20vZW5nbGlzaC9kZWRpY2F0ZWRGb3VuZHJ5L3RlY2hub2xvZ3kvbG9naWMvbF8ybm0&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=1d3b4386fa3d0341c2a177efadcb068e006d206138597824341f8af74dbf2cdeJmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=TSMC%e2%80%99s+2nm+Chip&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudHNtYy5jb20vZW5nbGlzaC9kZWRpY2F0ZWRGb3VuZHJ5L3RlY2hub2xvZ3kvbG9naWMvbF8ybm0&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref48\" name=\"_edn48\">[48]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=c4add109358706efb96c4e1769e88de8a15b0f3019b9349cfdcf7640183be808JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=%e2%80%a2%09IBM%e2%80%99s+2025+Quantum+Roadmap&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuYWxsYWJvdXRjaXJjdWl0cy5jb20vbmV3cy9pYm0tY2hhcnRzLXJvYWRtYXAtdG8tZmlyc3QtcHJhY3RpY2FsLWZhdWx0LXRvbGVyYW50LXF1YW50dW0tY29tcHV0ZXIvIzp-OnRleHQ9VGhlJTIwY29tcGFueSUyN3MlMjAyMDI1JTIwcm9hZG1hcCUyMGhpZ2hsaWdodHMlMjB0aGF0JTIwU3RhcmxpbmclMjdzJTIwMjAwLHRhcmdldCUyMDIlMkMwMDAlMjBsb2dpY2FsJTIwcXViaXRzJTIwYW5kJTIwYSUyMGJpbGxpb24tZ2F0ZSUyMGRlcHRoLg&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=c4add109358706efb96c4e1769e88de8a15b0f3019b9349cfdcf7640183be808JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=%e2%80%a2%09IBM%e2%80%99s+2025+Quantum+Roadmap&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuYWxsYWJvdXRjaXJjdWl0cy5jb20vbmV3cy9pYm0tY2hhcnRzLXJvYWRtYXAtdG8tZmlyc3QtcHJhY3RpY2FsLWZhdWx0LXRvbGVyYW50LXF1YW50dW0tY29tcHV0ZXIvIzp-OnRleHQ9VGhlJTIwY29tcGFueSUyN3MlMjAyMDI1JTIwcm9hZG1hcCUyMGhpZ2hsaWdodHMlMjB0aGF0JTIwU3RhcmxpbmclMjdzJTIwMjAwLHRhcmdldCUyMDIlMkMwMDAlMjBsb2dpY2FsJTIwcXViaXRzJTIwYW5kJTIwYSUyMGJpbGxpb24tZ2F0ZSUyMGRlcHRoLg&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref49\" name=\"_edn49\">[49]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=9a845c22279d05fe358ef7320b36b2e6af169e76f1bedabf0e92c22934bbca1aJmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=%e2%80%a2%09IBM%e2%80%99s+2025+Quantum+Roadmap&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuaWJtLmNvbS9yb2FkbWFwcy9xdWFudHVtLzIwMjUv&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=9a845c22279d05fe358ef7320b36b2e6af169e76f1bedabf0e92c22934bbca1aJmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=%e2%80%a2%09IBM%e2%80%99s+2025+Quantum+Roadmap&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuaWJtLmNvbS9yb2FkbWFwcy9xdWFudHVtLzIwMjUv&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref50\" name=\"_edn50\">[50]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=4150ac78866e03b9e9f70980686db665c188aab89eb531c6d79a80970c73f4d1JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;u=a1L2ltYWdlcy9zZWFyY2g_cT1nLXdhZ29uKzk1MCUyMittZXJjZWRlcytiZW56JnFwdnQ9Zy13YWdvbis5NTAlMjIrbWVyY2VkZXMrYmVueiZGT1JNPUlHUkU&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=4150ac78866e03b9e9f70980686db665c188aab89eb531c6d79a80970c73f4d1JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;u=a1L2ltYWdlcy9zZWFyY2g_cT1nLXdhZ29uKzk1MCUyMittZXJjZWRlcytiZW56JnFwdnQ9Zy13YWdvbis5NTAlMjIrbWVyY2VkZXMrYmVueiZGT1JNPUlHUkU&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref51\" name=\"_edn51\">[51]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=01bcbe9f5511126adff8993edc8d1a021e51eced76a0acbac6253c3ad9ab5ba7JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=Nvidia+GB10+Superchip+&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnZpZGlhLmNvbS9lbi1ldS9wcm9kdWN0cy93b3Jrc3RhdGlvbnMvZGd4LXNwYXJrLw&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=01bcbe9f5511126adff8993edc8d1a021e51eced76a0acbac6253c3ad9ab5ba7JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=Nvidia+GB10+Superchip+&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnZpZGlhLmNvbS9lbi1ldS9wcm9kdWN0cy93b3Jrc3RhdGlvbnMvZGd4LXNwYXJrLw&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref52\" name=\"_edn52\">[52]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=04fef52dd7968c34fb9be59e8963f8068a6a42718eae7f320168bb4a08f55ef5JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=%e2%80%a2%09Nvidia%e2%80%99s+Project+Digits+13&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudG9tc2d1aWRlLmNvbS9haS9udmlkaWEtZHJvcHMtbmV3LXBlcnNvbmFsLWFpLXN1cGVyY29tcHV0ZXItZGlnaXRzLWNvc3RzLXVzZDMtMDAwLWFuZC1pcy1vdXQtaW4tbWF5Izp-OnRleHQ9QW5ub3VuY2VkJTIwYXQlMjBDRVMlMjAyMDI1JTJDJTIwUHJvamVjdCUyMERJR0lUUyUyMHVzZXMlMjB0aGUscnVuJTIwbW9kZWxzJTIwd2l0aCUyMHVwJTIwdG8lMjAyMDAlMjBiaWxsaW9uJTIwcGFyYW1ldGVycy4&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=04fef52dd7968c34fb9be59e8963f8068a6a42718eae7f320168bb4a08f55ef5JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=%e2%80%a2%09Nvidia%e2%80%99s+Project+Digits+13&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudG9tc2d1aWRlLmNvbS9haS9udmlkaWEtZHJvcHMtbmV3LXBlcnNvbmFsLWFpLXN1cGVyY29tcHV0ZXItZGlnaXRzLWNvc3RzLXVzZDMtMDAwLWFuZC1pcy1vdXQtaW4tbWF5Izp-OnRleHQ9QW5ub3VuY2VkJTIwYXQlMjBDRVMlMjAyMDI1JTJDJTIwUHJvamVjdCUyMERJR0lUUyUyMHVzZXMlMjB0aGUscnVuJTIwbW9kZWxzJTIwd2l0aCUyMHVwJTIwdG8lMjAyMDAlMjBiaWxsaW9uJTIwcGFyYW1ldGVycy4&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref53\" name=\"_edn53\">[53]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=5a3d758a3e1f0e28f83507c45e0d49bbc9dd2703f0d30110349ff4ae98c8ae15JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=%e2%80%a2%09AMD%e2%80%99s+EPYC+9965+11&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudGVjaHBvd2VydXAuY29tL2NwdS1zcGVjcy9lcHljLTk5NjUuYzM5MDQjOn46dGV4dD1UaGUlMjBBTUQlMjBFUFlDJTIwOTk2NSUyMGlzJTIwYSUyMHNlcnZlciUyRndvcmtzdGF0aW9uJTIwcHJvY2Vzc29yLHRoZSUyMFplbiUyMDVjJTIwJTI4VHVyaW4lMjklMjBhcmNoaXRlY3R1cmUlMjB3aXRoJTIwU29ja2V0JTIwU1A1Lg&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=5a3d758a3e1f0e28f83507c45e0d49bbc9dd2703f0d30110349ff4ae98c8ae15JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=%e2%80%a2%09AMD%e2%80%99s+EPYC+9965+11&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudGVjaHBvd2VydXAuY29tL2NwdS1zcGVjcy9lcHljLTk5NjUuYzM5MDQjOn46dGV4dD1UaGUlMjBBTUQlMjBFUFlDJTIwOTk2NSUyMGlzJTIwYSUyMHNlcnZlciUyRndvcmtzdGF0aW9uJTIwcHJvY2Vzc29yLHRoZSUyMFplbiUyMDVjJTIwJTI4VHVyaW4lMjklMjBhcmNoaXRlY3R1cmUlMjB3aXRoJTIwU29ja2V0JTIwU1A1Lg&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref54\" name=\"_edn54\">[54]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=19bafc0965458999498b5fdafcac80ac9b81e9f1057548a66755b44b1aac3f53JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=Nvidia+%22Q-Blackwell%22%3a&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnZpZGlhLmNvbS9lbi11cy9wcm9kdWN0cy93b3Jrc3RhdGlvbnMvcHJvZmVzc2lvbmFsLWRlc2t0b3AtZ3B1cy9ydHgtcHJvLTYwMDAtbWF4LXEvIzp-OnRleHQ9RW5naW5lZXJlZCUyMHRvJTIwYWNjZWxlcmF0ZSUyMHlvdXIlMjBtb3N0JTIwZGVtYW5kaW5nJTIwd29ya2Zsb3dzJTJDJTIwaXQsb2YlMjB1bHRyYS1mYXN0JTIwR0REUjclMjBtZW1vcnklMkMlMjBpbiUyMGElMjBkZW5zaXR5LW9wdGltaXplZCUyMGRlc2lnbi4&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=19bafc0965458999498b5fdafcac80ac9b81e9f1057548a66755b44b1aac3f53JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=Nvidia+%22Q-Blackwell%22%3a&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnZpZGlhLmNvbS9lbi11cy9wcm9kdWN0cy93b3Jrc3RhdGlvbnMvcHJvZmVzc2lvbmFsLWRlc2t0b3AtZ3B1cy9ydHgtcHJvLTYwMDAtbWF4LXEvIzp-OnRleHQ9RW5naW5lZXJlZCUyMHRvJTIwYWNjZWxlcmF0ZSUyMHlvdXIlMjBtb3N0JTIwZGVtYW5kaW5nJTIwd29ya2Zsb3dzJTJDJTIwaXQsb2YlMjB1bHRyYS1mYXN0JTIwR0REUjclMjBtZW1vcnklMkMlMjBpbiUyMGElMjBkZW5zaXR5LW9wdGltaXplZCUyMGRlc2lnbi4&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref55\" name=\"_edn55\">[55]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=1d0eb0fccb32763765e4935aac3cf06a09481c45735044aa7fcbbb19b5f9a5e1JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;u=a1L3ZpZGVvcy9zZWFyY2g_cT0lZTIlODAlYTIrR29vZ2xlKyUyMlRlbnNvckZsb3crUXVhbnR1bSsyLjAlMjIlM2EmcXB2dD0lZTIlODAlYTIrR29vZ2xlKyUyMlRlbnNvckZsb3crUXVhbnR1bSsyLjAlMjIlM2EmRk9STT1WRFJF&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=1d0eb0fccb32763765e4935aac3cf06a09481c45735044aa7fcbbb19b5f9a5e1JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;u=a1L3ZpZGVvcy9zZWFyY2g_cT0lZTIlODAlYTIrR29vZ2xlKyUyMlRlbnNvckZsb3crUXVhbnR1bSsyLjAlMjIlM2EmcXB2dD0lZTIlODAlYTIrR29vZ2xlKyUyMlRlbnNvckZsb3crUXVhbnR1bSsyLjAlMjIlM2EmRk9STT1WRFJF&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref56\" name=\"_edn56\">[56]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=1cc298d3b1d0c07880e4945b46837c8c7807a80ec43f4ff520d546396042472eJmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=Diamond+NV-center+or+photonic+qubits+eliminate+cryogenics.&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuc2NpZW5jZWRpcmVjdC5jb20vc2NpZW5jZS9hcnRpY2xlL3BpaS9TMTM2OTcwMjEwODcwMTc2Nw&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=1cc298d3b1d0c07880e4945b46837c8c7807a80ec43f4ff520d546396042472eJmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=Diamond+NV-center+or+photonic+qubits+eliminate+cryogenics.&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuc2NpZW5jZWRpcmVjdC5jb20vc2NpZW5jZS9hcnRpY2xlL3BpaS9TMTM2OTcwMjEwODcwMTc2Nw&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref57\" name=\"_edn57\">[57]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=19d13f0fb3f09647e29bf7ffb83c26e184c2b5b3fb94377cac102a450aed6267JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=%e2%80%a2%09Intel+%22Quantum+Lake%22%3a&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9uZXdzcm9vbS5pbnRlbC5jb20vbmV3LXRlY2hub2xvZ2llcy9xdWFudHVtLWNvbXB1dGluZy1jaGlwLXRvLWFkdmFuY2UtcmVzZWFyY2g&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=19d13f0fb3f09647e29bf7ffb83c26e184c2b5b3fb94377cac102a450aed6267JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=%e2%80%a2%09Intel+%22Quantum+Lake%22%3a&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9uZXdzcm9vbS5pbnRlbC5jb20vbmV3LXRlY2hub2xvZ2llcy9xdWFudHVtLWNvbXB1dGluZy1jaGlwLXRvLWFkdmFuY2UtcmVzZWFyY2g&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref58\" name=\"_edn58\">[58]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=3d64d3dad240dca44a1a9712847b0d394a26c94396ef5acbc342350a026b28c5JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;u=a1L3ZpZGVvcy9zZWFyY2g_cT1EaWFtb25kK05WLWNlbnRlcitvcitwaG90b25pYytxdWJpdHMrZWxpbWluYXRlK2NyeW9nZW5pY3MuJnFwdnQ9RGlhbW9uZCtOVi1jZW50ZXIrb3IrcGhvdG9uaWMrcXViaXRzK2VsaW1pbmF0ZStjcnlvZ2VuaWNzLiZGT1JNPVZEUkU&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=3d64d3dad240dca44a1a9712847b0d394a26c94396ef5acbc342350a026b28c5JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;u=a1L3ZpZGVvcy9zZWFyY2g_cT1EaWFtb25kK05WLWNlbnRlcitvcitwaG90b25pYytxdWJpdHMrZWxpbWluYXRlK2NyeW9nZW5pY3MuJnFwdnQ9RGlhbW9uZCtOVi1jZW50ZXIrb3IrcGhvdG9uaWMrcXViaXRzK2VsaW1pbmF0ZStjcnlvZ2VuaWNzLiZGT1JNPVZEUkU&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref59\" name=\"_edn59\">[59]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=0a68e37dd47cd1e871f0664ae69e894b00d9a661f24ad403299e85a134e90fd3JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=%e2%80%a2%09Apple+%22M5+Quantum%22%3a&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubGlua2VkaW4uY29tL3B1bHNlL3RvcC01LWJlc3QtbGFwdG9wcy0yMDI1LWZ1dHVyZS1jb21wdXRpbmctdW52ZWlsZWQtcmFvLWFzaWYtb2NxZ2Y&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=0a68e37dd47cd1e871f0664ae69e894b00d9a661f24ad403299e85a134e90fd3JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=%e2%80%a2%09Apple+%22M5+Quantum%22%3a&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubGlua2VkaW4uY29tL3B1bHNlL3RvcC01LWJlc3QtbGFwdG9wcy0yMDI1LWZ1dHVyZS1jb21wdXRpbmctdW52ZWlsZWQtcmFvLWFzaWYtb2NxZ2Y&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref60\" name=\"_edn60\">[60]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=b6c1733bfd14adf1baf3ad4dbee722306335e1d8e9b6ff601e3f491e9192e5b4JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=%e2%80%a2%09Nvidia+%22Q-Grace%22%3a&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnZpZGlhLmNvbS9lbi11cy9zb2x1dGlvbnMvcXVhbnR1bS1jb21wdXRpbmcv&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=b6c1733bfd14adf1baf3ad4dbee722306335e1d8e9b6ff601e3f491e9192e5b4JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=%e2%80%a2%09Nvidia+%22Q-Grace%22%3a&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnZpZGlhLmNvbS9lbi11cy9zb2x1dGlvbnMvcXVhbnR1bS1jb21wdXRpbmcv&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref61\" name=\"_edn61\">[61]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=ad50c6b0e5f83a143e9b98f328d97b3c680a029f66a78d07780dda4b74719187JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=%e2%80%a2%09Tesla+%22Q-Dojo%22%3a&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly90ZWNoY3J1bmNoLmNvbS8yMDI1LzAyLzA2L3Rlc2xhLWRvam8tZWxvbi1tdXNrcy1iaWctcGxhbi10by1idWlsZC1hbi1haS1zdXBlcmNvbXB1dGVyLWV4cGxhaW5lZC8jOn46dGV4dD1JbiUyMHNob3J0JTNBJTIwRG9qbyUyMGlzJTIwVGVzbGElRTIlODAlOTlzJTIwY3VzdG9tLWJ1aWx0JTIwc3VwZXJjb21wdXRlciUyMHRoYXQlRTIlODAlOTlzLGZ1bGwlMjBzZWxmLWRyaXZpbmclMjBhbmQlMjBicmluZyUyMGElMjByb2JvdGF4aSUyMHRvJTIwbWFya2V0Lg&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=ad50c6b0e5f83a143e9b98f328d97b3c680a029f66a78d07780dda4b74719187JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=%e2%80%a2%09Tesla+%22Q-Dojo%22%3a&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly90ZWNoY3J1bmNoLmNvbS8yMDI1LzAyLzA2L3Rlc2xhLWRvam8tZWxvbi1tdXNrcy1iaWctcGxhbi10by1idWlsZC1hbi1haS1zdXBlcmNvbXB1dGVyLWV4cGxhaW5lZC8jOn46dGV4dD1JbiUyMHNob3J0JTNBJTIwRG9qbyUyMGlzJTIwVGVzbGElRTIlODAlOTlzJTIwY3VzdG9tLWJ1aWx0JTIwc3VwZXJjb21wdXRlciUyMHRoYXQlRTIlODAlOTlzLGZ1bGwlMjBzZWxmLWRyaXZpbmclMjBhbmQlMjBicmluZyUyMGElMjByb2JvdGF4aSUyMHRvJTIwbWFya2V0Lg&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref62\" name=\"_edn62\">[62]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=e411a02bad1dd98c16b71932f76f02b3bba10a0bb0880955680dd2e28f831e42JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=Windows%2fLinux+for+quantum+parallelism&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly90ZWNoY29tbXVuaXR5Lm1pY3Jvc29mdC5jb20vYmxvZy9taWNyb3NvZnQtc2VjdXJpdHktYmxvZy9wb3N0LXF1YW50dW0tY3J5cHRvZ3JhcGh5LWNvbWVzLXRvLXdpbmRvd3MtaW5zaWRlcnMtYW5kLWxpbnV4LzQ0MTM4MDM&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=e411a02bad1dd98c16b71932f76f02b3bba10a0bb0880955680dd2e28f831e42JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=Windows%2fLinux+for+quantum+parallelism&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly90ZWNoY29tbXVuaXR5Lm1pY3Jvc29mdC5jb20vYmxvZy9taWNyb3NvZnQtc2VjdXJpdHktYmxvZy9wb3N0LXF1YW50dW0tY3J5cHRvZ3JhcGh5LWNvbWVzLXRvLXdpbmRvd3MtaW5zaWRlcnMtYW5kLWxpbnV4LzQ0MTM4MDM&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref63\" name=\"_edn63\">[63]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=1e5d903065950b9c77126b65ef48a79f7015e8cb672a2fd078a16a0f95157359JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;u=a1L2ltYWdlcy9zZWFyY2g_cT01LXF1Yml0K2NvcHJvY2Vzc29yK2Zvcit1bmhhY2thYmxlK2ZhY2UraWQuJnFwdnQ9NS1xdWJpdCtjb3Byb2Nlc3Nvcitmb3IrdW5oYWNrYWJsZStGYWNlSUQuJkZPUk09SUdSRQ&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=1e5d903065950b9c77126b65ef48a79f7015e8cb672a2fd078a16a0f95157359JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;u=a1L2ltYWdlcy9zZWFyY2g_cT01LXF1Yml0K2NvcHJvY2Vzc29yK2Zvcit1bmhhY2thYmxlK2ZhY2UraWQuJnFwdnQ9NS1xdWJpdCtjb3Byb2Nlc3Nvcitmb3IrdW5oYWNrYWJsZStGYWNlSUQuJkZPUk09SUdSRQ&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref64\" name=\"_edn64\">[64]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=afded9638a26bc2b446b63612ad44e43a04771b03e90a099b7d75abe59b8fdf4JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=%e2%80%a2%09nvidia%e2%80%99s+quantum+roadmap+examples&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnZpZGlhLmNvbS9lbi11cy9zb2x1dGlvbnMvcXVhbnR1bS1jb21wdXRpbmcv&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=afded9638a26bc2b446b63612ad44e43a04771b03e90a099b7d75abe59b8fdf4JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=%e2%80%a2%09nvidia%e2%80%99s+quantum+roadmap+examples&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnZpZGlhLmNvbS9lbi11cy9zb2x1dGlvbnMvcXVhbnR1bS1jb21wdXRpbmcv&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref65\" name=\"_edn65\">[65]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=ee1e85b796bd3907f49389c932ce64a0756a585fd7f1b17a014aad31273439f9JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=%e2%80%a2%09china%e2%80%99s+photonic+quantum+plans+pdf&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9tZXJpY3Mub3JnL3NpdGVzL2RlZmF1bHQvZmlsZXMvMjAyNC0xMi9NRVJJQ1MlMjBDaGluYSUyMFRlY2glMjBPYnNlcnZhdG9yeSUyMFF1YW50dW0lMjBSZXBvcnQlMjAyMDI0LnBkZg&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=ee1e85b796bd3907f49389c932ce64a0756a585fd7f1b17a014aad31273439f9JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=%e2%80%a2%09china%e2%80%99s+photonic+quantum+plans+pdf&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9tZXJpY3Mub3JnL3NpdGVzL2RlZmF1bHQvZmlsZXMvMjAyNC0xMi9NRVJJQ1MlMjBDaGluYSUyMFRlY2glMjBPYnNlcnZhdG9yeSUyMFF1YW50dW0lMjBSZXBvcnQlMjAyMDI0LnBkZg&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref66\" name=\"_edn66\">[66]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=4ad8e1e9e13725fb9296d0ec5769d099a62bee9680b4e4cacf3a63eeb69b9b1eJmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=o%09quantum+nlp+techniques&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9hcnhpdi5vcmcvcGRmLzI1MDQuMDk5MDk&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=4ad8e1e9e13725fb9296d0ec5769d099a62bee9680b4e4cacf3a63eeb69b9b1eJmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=o%09quantum+nlp+techniques&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9hcnhpdi5vcmcvcGRmLzI1MDQuMDk5MDk&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref67\" name=\"_edn67\">[67]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=f1bf8f0d01772bb02eb2158f6a2722902de021565a88af0ac17d3eccaa1d8142JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=quantum+key+distribution+qkd+system&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9lbi53aWtpcGVkaWEub3JnL3dpa2kvUXVhbnR1bV9rZXlfZGlzdHJpYnV0aW9u&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=f1bf8f0d01772bb02eb2158f6a2722902de021565a88af0ac17d3eccaa1d8142JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=quantum+key+distribution+qkd+system&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9lbi53aWtpcGVkaWEub3JnL3dpa2kvUXVhbnR1bV9rZXlfZGlzdHJpYnV0aW9u&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref68\" name=\"_edn68\">[68]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=de030927102ff340ba1ce3dd5a23727fba2bf94eb358ffbf485532219e8c557eJmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=quantum-processed+eeg+data+science&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9hcnhpdi5vcmcvaHRtbC8yNDA3LjE5MjE0djM&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=de030927102ff340ba1ce3dd5a23727fba2bf94eb358ffbf485532219e8c557eJmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=quantum-processed+eeg+data+science&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9hcnhpdi5vcmcvaHRtbC8yNDA3LjE5MjE0djM&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref69\" name=\"_edn69\">[69]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=83b6a4a91e9a82897b7f93e39bc158287dc7ed5864e7d81448f9464292e404caJmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=%e2%80%a2+Quantum+AI%e2%80%99s+Ethical+Risks+(Nature+2030)&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cucmVzZWFyY2hnYXRlLm5ldC9wdWJsaWNhdGlvbi8zOTEyMzE5OTlfRXRoaWNhbF9Db25zaWRlcmF0aW9uc19pbl9RdWFudHVtLUVuaGFuY2VkX0FJ&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=83b6a4a91e9a82897b7f93e39bc158287dc7ed5864e7d81448f9464292e404caJmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=%e2%80%a2+Quantum+AI%e2%80%99s+Ethical+Risks+(Nature+2030)&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cucmVzZWFyY2hnYXRlLm5ldC9wdWJsaWNhdGlvbi8zOTEyMzE5OTlfRXRoaWNhbF9Db25zaWRlcmF0aW9uc19pbl9RdWFudHVtLUVuaGFuY2VkX0FJ&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref70\" name=\"_edn70\">[70]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=efced0aa39b5416a5385c59188165f46aafb2c1bd8c54116c604686f41eed63cJmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=%e2%80%a2+Quantum+AI%e2%80%99s+Ethical+Risks+(Nature+2030)&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubmF0dXJlLmNvbS9hcnRpY2xlcy9kNDE1ODYtMDI0LTAzMzc2LTQ&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=efced0aa39b5416a5385c59188165f46aafb2c1bd8c54116c604686f41eed63cJmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=%e2%80%a2+Quantum+AI%e2%80%99s+Ethical+Risks+(Nature+2030)&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubmF0dXJlLmNvbS9hcnRpY2xlcy9kNDE1ODYtMDI0LTAzMzc2LTQ&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref71\" name=\"_edn71\">[71]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=6bed7fdcc4cc847a8fef24ce188bf6305da20a26c5f711f52134ba344f4b8eadJmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=%e2%80%a2+Nvidia%e2%80%99s+2030+Consumer+Quantum+Roadmap&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubmV4dHBsYXRmb3JtLmNvbS8yMDI0LzA2LzAyL252aWRpYS11bmZvbGRzLWdwdS1pbnRlcmNvbm5lY3Qtcm9hZG1hcHMtb3V0LXRvLTIwMjcv&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=6bed7fdcc4cc847a8fef24ce188bf6305da20a26c5f711f52134ba344f4b8eadJmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=%e2%80%a2+Nvidia%e2%80%99s+2030+Consumer+Quantum+Roadmap&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubmV4dHBsYXRmb3JtLmNvbS8yMDI0LzA2LzAyL252aWRpYS11bmZvbGRzLWdwdS1pbnRlcmNvbm5lY3Qtcm9hZG1hcHMtb3V0LXRvLTIwMjcv&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref72\" name=\"_edn72\">[72]<\/a> Personal predictions and reflections by the author, June 2025<\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref73\" name=\"_edn73\">[73]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=e60e866c1108a967087deabb5e7e2a66681a604294cbfadbc61decbb495bab62JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=homo+sapiens+definition&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuYnJpdGFubmljYS5jb20vdG9waWMvSG9tby1zYXBpZW5z&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=e60e866c1108a967087deabb5e7e2a66681a604294cbfadbc61decbb495bab62JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=homo+sapiens+definition&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuYnJpdGFubmljYS5jb20vdG9waWMvSG9tby1zYXBpZW5z&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref74\" name=\"_edn74\">[74]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=db329d886fc33f595038f76b35ebd38e1933ee4ad24be960aaa29fda89c114c3JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=crispr+gene+editing&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9oZWFsdGguY2xldmVsYW5kY2xpbmljLm9yZy9jcmlzcHItZ2VuZS1lZGl0aW5n&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=db329d886fc33f595038f76b35ebd38e1933ee4ad24be960aaa29fda89c114c3JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=crispr+gene+editing&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9oZWFsdGguY2xldmVsYW5kY2xpbmljLm9yZy9jcmlzcHItZ2VuZS1lZGl0aW5n&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref75\" name=\"_edn75\">[75]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=c00c11a4c35a0258af6d8509e2c3af767f6ae53de04373b2ea89a7d02043f525JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=elon%e2%80%99s+neuralink+human&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZm9yYmVzLmNvbS9zaXRlcy9yb2JlcnRoYXJ0LzIwMjQvMDIvMjAvZWxvbi1tdXNrLXNheXMtbmV1cmFsaW5rcy1maXJzdC1icmFpbi1jaGlwLXBhdGllbnQtY2FuLWNvbnRyb2wtY29tcHV0ZXItbW91c2UtYnktdGhvdWdodC8jOn46dGV4dD1UaGUlMjBmaXJzdCUyMGh1bWFuJTIwaW1wbGFudGVkJTIwd2l0aCUyMGElMjBjaGlwJTIwZnJvbSxzaWdodCUyMGFuZCUyMGVuaGFuY2luZyUyMG90aGVycyUyMGxpa2UlMjBtZW1vcnklMjBhbmQlMjBpbnRlbGxpZ2VuY2Uu&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=c00c11a4c35a0258af6d8509e2c3af767f6ae53de04373b2ea89a7d02043f525JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=elon%e2%80%99s+neuralink+human&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZm9yYmVzLmNvbS9zaXRlcy9yb2JlcnRoYXJ0LzIwMjQvMDIvMjAvZWxvbi1tdXNrLXNheXMtbmV1cmFsaW5rcy1maXJzdC1icmFpbi1jaGlwLXBhdGllbnQtY2FuLWNvbnRyb2wtY29tcHV0ZXItbW91c2UtYnktdGhvdWdodC8jOn46dGV4dD1UaGUlMjBmaXJzdCUyMGh1bWFuJTIwaW1wbGFudGVkJTIwd2l0aCUyMGElMjBjaGlwJTIwZnJvbSxzaWdodCUyMGFuZCUyMGVuaGFuY2luZyUyMG90aGVycyUyMGxpa2UlMjBtZW1vcnklMjBhbmQlMjBpbnRlbGxpZ2VuY2Uu&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref76\" name=\"_edn76\">[76]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=aa3d6c2133c32fbe65a2934ac7a8eccbb38e52a08492c5d91443aea56803e749JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=3+D+robot+capable+of+jumping+itself+off+the+printer&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9uZXdhdGxhcy5jb20vcm9ib3RpY3MvM2QtcHJpbnRlZC1zb2Z0LXJvYm90LXdhbGtzLw&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=aa3d6c2133c32fbe65a2934ac7a8eccbb38e52a08492c5d91443aea56803e749JmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=3+D+robot+capable+of+jumping+itself+off+the+printer&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9uZXdhdGxhcy5jb20vcm9ib3RpY3MvM2QtcHJpbnRlZC1zb2Z0LXJvYm90LXdhbGtzLw&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref77\" name=\"_edn77\">[77]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=bf197753fea12bea29bd7f2cf69c8728531845bd5f9d889a0dd27ecfe0d6108cJmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=3+D+robot+capable+of+jumping+itself+off+the+printer&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9zY2llbmNlYmxvZy5jb20vd29ybGRzLWZpcnN0LXNvZnQtcm9ib3RzLXdhbGstb2ZmLTNkLXByaW50ZXItdGhhdC1tYWtlcy10aGVtLw&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=bf197753fea12bea29bd7f2cf69c8728531845bd5f9d889a0dd27ecfe0d6108cJmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=3+D+robot+capable+of+jumping+itself+off+the+printer&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9zY2llbmNlYmxvZy5jb20vd29ybGRzLWZpcnN0LXNvZnQtcm9ib3RzLXdhbGstb2ZmLTNkLXByaW50ZXItdGhhdC1tYWtlcy10aGVtLw&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref78\" name=\"_edn78\">[78]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=f794570fafc529cdff823e71ddd14d3cea1707e4de3f95e613fde7033abbbe0cJmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=James+Cameron%e2%80%99s+Terminator+T800%3a&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9qYW1lc2NhbWVyb25vbmxpbmUuY29tL2VuZG9za2VsZXRvbi5odG0&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=f794570fafc529cdff823e71ddd14d3cea1707e4de3f95e613fde7033abbbe0cJmltdHM9MTc1MTA2ODgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=13da0a31-899c-6c03-09c7-1fd488bf6d11&amp;psq=James+Cameron%e2%80%99s+Terminator+T800%3a&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9qYW1lc2NhbWVyb25vbmxpbmUuY29tL2VuZG9za2VsZXRvbi5odG0&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><em>______________________________________________<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Hoosen-Vawda-e1618716350456.jpeg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-183185\" src=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Hoosen-Vawda-e1618716350456.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" \/><\/a>Professor G. Hoosen M. Vawda (Bsc; MBChB; PhD.Wits) is a member of the <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/\" ><em>TRANSCEND Network for Peace Development Environment<\/em><\/a><em>.<br \/>\n<strong>Director<\/strong>: Glastonbury Medical Research Centre; Community Health and Indigent Programme Services; Body Donor Foundation SA.<\/em><br \/>\n<strong><em>Principal Investigator<\/em><\/strong><em>: Multinational Clinical Trials<\/em><br \/>\n<strong><em>Consultant<\/em><\/strong><em>: Medical and General Research Ethics; Internal Medicine and Clinical Psychiatry:UKZN, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine<\/em><br \/>\n<strong><em>Executive Member<\/em><\/strong><em>: Inter Religious Council KZN SA<\/em><br \/>\n<strong><em>Public Liaison<\/em><\/strong><em>: Medical Misadventures<\/em><br \/>\n<strong><em>Activism<\/em><\/strong><em>: Justice for All<\/em><br \/>\n<strong><em>Email<\/em><\/strong><em>: <\/em><a href=\"mailto:vawda@ukzn.ac.za\"><em>vawda@ukzn.ac.za<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Future Chip will determine the outcome of the Future Wars.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":297597,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[40],"tags":[91,481],"class_list":["post-297593","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-transcend-members","tag-nato","tag-warfare"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/297593","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=297593"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/297593\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":297599,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/297593\/revisions\/297599"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/297597"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=297593"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=297593"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=297593"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}