{"id":301102,"date":"2025-08-18T12:00:22","date_gmt":"2025-08-18T11:00:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/?p=301102"},"modified":"2025-08-14T09:13:19","modified_gmt":"2025-08-14T08:13:19","slug":"peoples-inquiries-alternatives-for-seeking-justice","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2025\/08\/peoples-inquiries-alternatives-for-seeking-justice\/","title":{"rendered":"People\u2019s Inquiries: Alternatives for Seeking Justice"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Russell-Tribunal-Palestine.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-301103\" src=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Russell-Tribunal-Palestine-1024x512.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"350\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Russell-Tribunal-Palestine-1024x512.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Russell-Tribunal-Palestine-300x150.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Russell-Tribunal-Palestine-768x384.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Russell-Tribunal-Palestine.jpg 1300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em>Today the Peoples\u2019 Tribunal\/Inquiry movement is part of the larger movement for building new and fair societies, creating new relations between people, and institutions alternative to those of the traditional modern state.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><em>13 Aug 2025\u00a0<\/em>&#8211; People\u2019s Inquiries<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/forsea.co\/comment-on-peoples-inquiries-alternatives-for-seeking-justice\/#_ftn1\"  name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a>, along with their twin, Citizen\u2019s Inquiries, and the People\u2019s Tribunals descended from their spiritual parent the Russell Tribunal<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/forsea.co\/comment-on-peoples-inquiries-alternatives-for-seeking-justice\/#_ftn2\"  name=\"_ftnref2\"><sup>[2]<\/sup><\/a> (today known as the Permanent Peoples\u2019 Tribunal).<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/forsea.co\/comment-on-peoples-inquiries-alternatives-for-seeking-justice\/#_ftn3\"  name=\"_ftnref3\">[3]<\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"entry-content\">\n<p>They are now common initiatives deployed across the world by people, organizations and communities in order to seek justice of a kind that they cannot achieve, are prevented from achieving, by their governments (and government controlled institutions such as Universities) and corporations. Their decisions are not binding in law, but they highlight the wrongdoing of perpetrators of moral wrongs and illegalities. Thus they contribute to the piercing of the hegemonic veil of innocence and the development of resistance.<\/p>\n<p>Richard Falk tells us that the Russell Tribunal and others following it \u201cemerged to fill the normative vacuum created by the stark hypocrisies of international justice.\u201d<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/forsea.co\/comment-on-peoples-inquiries-alternatives-for-seeking-justice\/#_ftn4\"  name=\"_ftnref4\"><sup>[4]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Today these people\u2019s initiatives are springing up because of the stark hypocrisies not only because of the failure of\u00a0 justice at the international level but also failure at the national and sub-national level, including the\u00a0 impunity allowed\u00a0 human and environmental rights violators in local and regional jurisdictions.<\/p>\n<p>These tribunals and inquiries all have common features<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/forsea.co\/comment-on-peoples-inquiries-alternatives-for-seeking-justice\/#_ftn5\"  name=\"_ftnref5\"><sup>[5]<\/sup><\/a>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>They are organized by people\u2019s organizations of civil society;<\/li>\n<li>They are organized to establish the facts of and report on significant human, and more recently environmental, rights violations;<\/li>\n<li>They are organized to establish the facts of and report on significant human, and more recently environmental, rights violations.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Because governments, corporations-and Universities- have failed in their duties to protect and do justice for the people under international and domestic law; and because people and their organizations feel a moral responsibility to \u201cdo something\u201d about those violations.<\/p>\n<p>Recommendations are normally made, for example, in order to\u00a0 end impunity, protect people from being victims, enable remediation.<\/p>\n<p>Such People\u2019s initiatives are intended to aid in the formation of a \u201cnew consciousness\u201d about the damage done by the perpetrators, the injury to the victims, and the possible continuation of harm, thus demonstrating the need for organisation of the people and developing resistance.<\/p>\n<p>Some other benefits are: the development of research and our knowledge of the particular problem and various solutions. Establishing of organisations for follow-up; wider and deeper, more focused networking between e.g. community, academics and activists.<\/p>\n<p>They are also a way of challenging\u00a0 state, or hegemonic, history, revising it into a people\u2019s history.<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/forsea.co\/comment-on-peoples-inquiries-alternatives-for-seeking-justice\/#_ftn6\"  name=\"_ftnref6\">[6]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Importantly, they\u00a0 also\u00a0 demonstrate the capacity of ordinary people to deal with serious problems that arise in everyday life, while providing the experience we will need when the time comes when people rise up and change the exploitative system in which we live now.<\/p>\n<h3>Seeking justice, not found in the State legal system<\/h3>\n<p>Today the Peoples\u2019 Tribunal\/Inquiry\u00a0 movement is\u00a0 part of the larger movement for building new and fair societies, creating new relations between people, and institutions alternative to those of the traditional modern state. When doing research on alternative law systems in eastern Turkey\u2019s main city Diyarbakir cultural capital of the Kurdish region-I was told by my Kurdish interviewee\u00a0 \u201cWe are not building a legal system such as that of the state. We are building a justice system.\u201d\u00a0\u00a0 See my article <a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2025\/01\/kurds-building-an-alternative-justice-system-in-eastern-turkey\/\" >https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2025\/01\/kurds-building-an-alternative-justice-system-in-eastern-turkey\/<\/a><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_10581\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter no-underline\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10581 lazyautosizes lazyloaded\" src=\"https:\/\/eg9dn5hbx3e.exactdn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Kurdish-Children-Turkey.jpg?strip=all&amp;lossy=1&amp;ssl=1\" sizes=\"auto, 935px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/eg9dn5hbx3e.exactdn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Kurdish-Children-Turkey.jpg?strip=all&amp;lossy=1&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/eg9dn5hbx3e.exactdn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Kurdish-Children-Turkey-300x200.jpg?strip=all&amp;lossy=1&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/eg9dn5hbx3e.exactdn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Kurdish-Children-Turkey-1024x684.jpg?strip=all&amp;lossy=1&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/eg9dn5hbx3e.exactdn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Kurdish-Children-Turkey-768x513.jpg?strip=all&amp;lossy=1&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/eg9dn5hbx3e.exactdn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Kurdish-Children-Turkey-450x300.jpg?strip=all&amp;lossy=1&amp;ssl=1 450w, https:\/\/eg9dn5hbx3e.exactdn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Kurdish-Children-Turkey.jpg?strip=all&amp;lossy=1&amp;w=240&amp;ssl=1 240w, https:\/\/eg9dn5hbx3e.exactdn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Kurdish-Children-Turkey.jpg?strip=all&amp;lossy=1&amp;w=960&amp;ssl=1 960w\" alt=\"\" width=\"1200\" height=\"801\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-10581\" data-attachment-id=\"10581\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/forsea.co\/comment-on-peoples-inquiries-alternatives-for-seeking-justice\/kurdish-children-turkey\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/eg9dn5hbx3e.exactdn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Kurdish-Children-Turkey.jpg?strip=all&amp;lossy=1&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1200,801\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;Copyright (c) 2016 Giannis Papanikos\\\/Shutterstock.  No use without permission.&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Kurdish Children Turkey\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Kurdish refugee children from Kobani swing from an electricity power column outside a refugee camp at the Turkish town of Suruc, near the Syrian border.&lt;br \/&gt;\nPhoto: Giannis Papanikos, Shutterstock&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/eg9dn5hbx3e.exactdn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Kurdish-Children-Turkey-300x200.jpg?strip=all&amp;lossy=1&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/eg9dn5hbx3e.exactdn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Kurdish-Children-Turkey.jpg?strip=all&amp;lossy=1&amp;fit=900%2C601&amp;ssl=1\" data-src=\"https:\/\/eg9dn5hbx3e.exactdn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Kurdish-Children-Turkey.jpg?strip=all&amp;lossy=1&amp;ssl=1\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/eg9dn5hbx3e.exactdn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Kurdish-Children-Turkey.jpg?strip=all&amp;lossy=1&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/eg9dn5hbx3e.exactdn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Kurdish-Children-Turkey-300x200.jpg?strip=all&amp;lossy=1&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/eg9dn5hbx3e.exactdn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Kurdish-Children-Turkey-1024x684.jpg?strip=all&amp;lossy=1&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/eg9dn5hbx3e.exactdn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Kurdish-Children-Turkey-768x513.jpg?strip=all&amp;lossy=1&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/eg9dn5hbx3e.exactdn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Kurdish-Children-Turkey-450x300.jpg?strip=all&amp;lossy=1&amp;ssl=1 450w, https:\/\/eg9dn5hbx3e.exactdn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Kurdish-Children-Turkey.jpg?strip=all&amp;lossy=1&amp;w=240&amp;ssl=1 240w, https:\/\/eg9dn5hbx3e.exactdn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Kurdish-Children-Turkey.jpg?strip=all&amp;lossy=1&amp;w=960&amp;ssl=1 960w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-eio-rwidth=\"1200\" data-eio-rheight=\"801\" \/><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-10581\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kurdish refugee children from Kobani swing from an electricity power column outside a refugee camp at the Turkish town of Suruc, near the Syrian border.<br \/>\nPhoto: Giannis Papanikos, Shutterstock<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h4>Examples<\/h4>\n<h3>Australia<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Two People\u2019s Tribunals-Sydney and Brussels\u00a0 (1976 ) Homosexuality and \u00a0law, discussed here:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13200968.2023.2184449\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13200968.2023.2184449<\/a><\/li>\n<li>The People\u2019s Inquiry into Detention in Australia, see Briskman l, Latham S, and Goddard C (eds) <em>Human Rights Overboard: Seeking Asylum in Australia <\/em>(2008). <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jrs\/fep040\"  data-google-interstitial=\"false\">doi.org\/10.1093\/jrs\/fep040<\/a><\/li>\n<li>The People\u2019s Tribunal: An Inquiry into the \u201cBusiness Improvement Program\u201d\u00a0at the University of Melbourne (2014) https:\/\/catalogue.nla.gov.au\/catalog\/7334347<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.unfoldzero.org\/peoples-tribunal-on-nuclear-weapons-convicts-leaders-tribute-to-tribunal-visionary\/\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">International Peoples\u2019 Tribunal on the Nuclear Powers and the Destruction of Human Civilisation<\/a>, Sydney (2016)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ecojurisprudence.org\/initiatives\/2016-australian-peoples-tribunal-for-community-and-natures-rights\/\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Rights of Nature Tribunal Australia<\/a>: Four Ecological Cases-Forests, Rivers, the Great Artesian Basin, the Atmospheric Commons and the Great Barrier Reef (2016)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/tribunal.org.au\/sessions\/2019-barka-darling-inquiry\/\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Australian People\u2019s Tribunal for Community and Nature\u2019s Rights<\/a>:\u00a0 Inquiry into the Health of the Barka\/Darling River and Menindee Lakes (2019)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ipan.org.au\/the-report-of-peoples-inquiry-2022\/\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The People\u2019s Inquiry into Nuclear Weapons in Australia<\/a>, (2022) Independent and Peaceful Australian Network<\/li>\n<li>Future Sooner: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.abigailboyd.org\/future_sooner_report\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u201cUntold Stories\u201d Citizen\u2019s Inquiry into the health Impacts of coal-fired power stations<\/a> (2025)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>Other examples<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>The Russell Tribunal On Palestine (2010)<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/forsea.co\/comment-on-peoples-inquiries-alternatives-for-seeking-justice\/#_ftn7\"  name=\"_ftnref7\">[7]<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/permanentpeoplestribunal.org\/42-living-wage-for-garment-workers-in-asia-2009-2015\/?lang=en\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Permanent Peoples\u2019 Tribunal (PPT) on Living Wage as a Fundamental Right<\/a> and the Role of International Institutions (2015- Final Report after 5 sessions) [on the conditions of garment workers in S E Asia]<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.russelltribunalonpalestine.com\/en\/index.html\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Russell Tribunal on Palestine (2015)<\/a><\/li>\n<li>I<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nlginternational.org\/report\/Final_Preliminary_ITC_Verdict.pdf\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">nternational Tribunal of Conscience of Peoples in Movement<\/a> (2015) [the Crisis of Migration from Latin America]<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/peoplestribunal.net\/\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Four people\u2019s tribunals<\/a> (2 by the PPT; 2 International Peoples\u2019 Tribunals (IPT)) documenting the continuing\u00a0 serious human rights violations in the Philippines<\/li>\n<li>The PPT into Myanmar State Crimes Against Rohingya and other Ethnic Minorities\u00a0 (2017) [the first institution to name the slaughter of Rohingya a Genocide]<\/li>\n<li>The PPT on the killing of Journalists: Mexico, Syria, Sri Lanka (2018)<\/li>\n<li>The PPT on Human Rights, Fracking and climate Change 2019 Final Report, an Advisory Opinion [recommending inter alia the banning of fracking as inherently harmful to humans, their communities and the environment]<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/gazatribunal.com\/the-sarajevo-declaration-of-the-gaza-tribunal\/\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Gaza Tribunal (2025)<\/a> [on the Israeli war crimes\/ Genocide in Gaza)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>Some references<\/h4>\n<p>Andrew Byrnes and Gabrielle Simm (eds) <strong>Peoples\u2019 Tribunals and International Law (2017)<br \/>\n<\/strong>Regina Paulose (ed) <strong>People\u2019s Tribunals, Human Rights and the Law: Searching for Justice (2020)<br \/>\n<\/strong>Arthur J Klinghoffer and Julia A\u00a0 Klinghoffer,<strong> International citizens\u2019 \u00a0tribunals: mobilizing public opinion to advance human rights<br \/>\n<\/strong>There are a host of <strong>articles<\/strong> on Peoples Tribunals now. See e.g. <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opendemocracy.net\/en\/opensecurity\/peoples-tribunals-and-roots-of-civil-society-justice\/\" >https:\/\/www.opendemocracy.net\/en\/opensecurity\/peoples-tribunals-and-roots-of-civil-society-justice\/<\/a><br \/>\n<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/springmag.ca\/the-rise-of-peoples-tribunals-and-their-importance-for-national-liberation-movements\" >https:\/\/springmag.ca\/the-rise-of-peoples-tribunals-and-their-importance-for-national-liberation-movements<\/a><br \/>\n<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nlg.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Peoples-Tribunals.pdf\" >https:\/\/www.nlg.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Peoples-Tribunals.pdf<\/a><br \/>\n<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/repository.law.umich.edu\/cgi\/viewcontent.cgi?article=3875&amp;context=articles\" >https:\/\/repository.law.umich.edu\/cgi\/viewcontent.cgi?article=3875&amp;context=articles<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>See on the Permanent Peoples Tribunal\u00a0<\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/permanentpeoplestribunal.org\/?lang=en\" ><strong>https:\/\/permanentpeoplestribunal.org\/?lang=en<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6236\" class=\"wp-caption alignright no-underline\">\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-6236\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>NOTES:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/forsea.co\/comment-on-peoples-inquiries-alternatives-for-seeking-justice\/#_ftnref1\"  name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> This is a revised version of a paper submitted for the Public Hearings of the People\u2019s Inquiry into restriction \u00a0on free speech in pro-Palestine actions on Australian University campuses, July 2025<\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/forsea.co\/comment-on-peoples-inquiries-alternatives-for-seeking-justice\/#_ftnref2\"  name=\"_ftn2\">[2]<\/a> Named after the organiser of the Tribunal that indicted the USA for war crimes in the USA. An important predecessor of the Russell Tribunal, The Dewey Commission, examined the allegations b y Stalin and the USSR state against Leon Trotsky. See <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wsws.org\/en\/articles\/1997\/05\/dewe-m19.html\" >https:\/\/www.wsws.org\/en\/articles\/1997\/05\/dewe-m19.html<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/forsea.co\/comment-on-peoples-inquiries-alternatives-for-seeking-justice\/#_ftnref3\"  name=\"_ftn3\">[3]<\/a> Most commentators do not recognize the Inquiries concerning the \u00a0allegations made by Stalin and his colleagues, particularly in the purge trials in the 1930s, against Trotsky as having an ancestral role.<\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/forsea.co\/comment-on-peoples-inquiries-alternatives-for-seeking-justice\/#_ftnref4\"  name=\"_ftn4\">[4]<\/a> In <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opendemocracy.net\/en\/opensecurity\/peoples-tribunals-and-roots-of-civil-society-justice\/\" >https:\/\/www.opendemocracy.net\/en\/opensecurity\/peoples-tribunals-and-roots-of-civil-society-justice\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/forsea.co\/comment-on-peoples-inquiries-alternatives-for-seeking-justice\/#_ftnref5\"  name=\"_ftn5\">[5]<\/a>\u00a0 The Tribunals generally indict an alleged perpetrator(s) of some violations of human and\/or environmental right(s). The prosecutor presents the case and the defendant is invited to provide their defence. The panel of judges make a Judgement (or an advisory Opinion) based on all the evidence.<\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/forsea.co\/comment-on-peoples-inquiries-alternatives-for-seeking-justice\/#_ftnref6\"  name=\"_ftn6\">[6]<\/a> See Bunting, A and Ikhimiuokor, I K <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opendemocracy.net\/en\/beyond-trafficking-and-slavery\/creating-space-for-writing-alternative-histories-through-peoples-tribunals\/\" ><strong>https:\/\/www.opendemocracy.net\/en\/beyond-trafficking-and-slavery\/creating-space-for-writing-alternative-histories-through-peoples-tribunals\/<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/forsea.co\/comment-on-peoples-inquiries-alternatives-for-seeking-justice\/#_ftnref7\"  name=\"_ftn7\">[7]<\/a> \u00a0This was an independent tribunal, not related to the original Russell tribunal.<\/p>\n<p>_______________________________________________<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Gill-H.-Boehringer.webp\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-285147\" src=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Gill-H.-Boehringer.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"65\" height=\"65\" \/><\/a>Gill H. Boehringer is former Dean, now Honorary Professor at Macquarie University Law School, Sydney, Australia. He received his BSocS, from the School of Industrial and Labor Relations, Cornell University (1955); an LLB from Hastings College of Law, University of California (1962) and an LLM from the London School of Economics and Political Science, University of London(1967). For further information please contact me <a class=\"mail-link\" data-enc-email=\"tvyy_obruevatre[at]ubgznvy.pbz\" data-wpel-link=\"ignore\"><span id=\"eeb-602906-98973\">gill_boehringer@hotmail.com<\/span><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/forsea.co\/comment-on-peoples-inquiries-alternatives-for-seeking-justice\/\" >Go to Original &#8211; forsea.co<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>13 Aug 2025\u00a0&#8211; Today the Peoples\u2019 Tribunal\/Inquiry movement is part of the larger movement for building new and fair societies, creating new relations between people, and institutions alternative to those of the traditional modern state.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":301103,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[139],"tags":[2709,3396,2843,2708],"class_list":["post-301102","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-justice","tag-belmarsh-tribunal","tag-peoples-tribunal-israel-palestine","tag-peoples-ukraine-wars-tribunal","tag-russell-sartre-tribunal"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/301102","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=301102"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/301102\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":301104,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/301102\/revisions\/301104"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/301103"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=301102"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=301102"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=301102"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}