{"id":310338,"date":"2025-12-22T12:00:20","date_gmt":"2025-12-22T12:00:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/?p=310338"},"modified":"2025-12-20T06:45:15","modified_gmt":"2025-12-20T06:45:15","slug":"the-ai-responds-to-the-following-issues","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2025\/12\/the-ai-responds-to-the-following-issues\/","title":{"rendered":"The AI Responds to the Following Issues"},"content":{"rendered":"<ol>\n<li><em>On Kijuro Shidehara\u2019s Pacifism<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>On the Majority of the Japanese People\u2019s Possible View Over Nuclear Armament<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Reasons Why the Political Leaders of the Major Powerful Countries Are Tend to Depend on Nuclear Deterrence Rather Than Efforts for the Abolition of Nuclear Weapons<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Introduction<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www3.nhk.or.jp\/nhkworld\/en\/news\/20251219_01\/\" >On 18 December 2025, one of the senior government officials of Japan claimed that Japan should be armed with nuclear weapons<\/a>.<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[i]<\/a>\u00a0 This timing, coincidentally or not, was important that his <em>off-the-record<\/em> comment was reported approximately one month and a half after the Japanese Prime Minister Takaichi\u2019s statement over Taiwan.<a href=\"#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[ii]<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0 While Takaichi\u2019s statement was formal, the senior official\u2019s comment was informal, both of which are, it can be interpreted, combined to indicate a certain direction that Japan has begun to tread gradually being away from pacifism.<a href=\"#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[iii]<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0 Besides, China and Japan are disputing over the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Senkaku_Islands_dispute\" >Senkaku\/Diaoyu Islands[iv]<\/a> and the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Territorial_disputes_in_the_South_China_Sea\" >South China Sea<\/a><a href=\"#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[v]<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>On one hand, however, the Japanese government \u201c<em>officially<\/em>\u201d<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[vi]<\/a> <a href=\"#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\">[vii]<\/a>\u00a0 has maintained the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Three_Non-Nuclear_Principles\" >three non-nuclear principles<\/a>;<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\">[viii]<\/a> <a href=\"#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\">[ix]<\/a> on the other hand, however, it seems that <a href=\"https:\/\/www.realcleardefense.com\/articles\/2025\/11\/18\/japan_edges_towards_hosting_nuclear_weapons_1148073.html\" >this country has already begun to discuss the possible nuclear armament<\/a>.<a href=\"#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\">[x]<\/a> <a href=\"#_edn11\" name=\"_ednref11\">[xi]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Which stance of the Japanese government is true?\u00a0 There is an old saying, \u201cDeeds, not words.\u201d\u00a0 In fact, see. \u2192 \u201c<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.asahi.com\/ajw\/articles\/15652724\" ><strong><em>Japan won&#8217;t join U.N. meeting on nuclear weapons ban, citing support for U.S. deterrence<\/em><\/strong><\/a>\u201d.\u00a0\u00a0 Then, will Japan become one of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.icanw.org\/nuclear_arsenals\" >nuclear weapon possessing countries<\/a> one day?<a href=\"#_edn12\" name=\"_ednref12\">[xii]<\/a> <a href=\"#_edn13\" name=\"_ednref13\">[xiii]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>It is no wonder, therefore, even if some people both in Japan and abroad think that Japan\u2019s pacifist era is about to end.<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_edn14\" name=\"_ednref14\">[xiv]<\/a>\u00a0 Some of the <a href=\"https:\/\/hibakushastories.org\/who-are-the-hibakusha\/\" >hibakushas<\/a> in Hiroshima and Nagasaki might have uttered, \u201c<em>Et tu, Iaponia?<\/em>\u201d, instead of \u201c<em>Et tu, Brute?<\/em>\u201d<a href=\"#_edn15\" name=\"_ednref15\">[xv]<\/a> <a href=\"#_edn16\" name=\"_ednref16\">[xvi]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>The next day, I asked some relevant questions to the Google AI, because I wanted to know what the AI would answer to the questions I asked, mentioned in <strong>PART ONE<\/strong>, <strong>PART TWO<\/strong> and <strong>PART THREE<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>PART ONE<\/strong> is about <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/kyotojournal.org\/conversations\/japans-peacemaker-shidehara-kijuro-and-the-origins-of-article-9\/\" >Kijuro Shidehara[xvii], one of the very main architects of the Article 9 of the \u201cConstitution of Japan<\/a>\u201d. This is the constitution, which has been called, a \u201cPeace Constitution\u201d.<a href=\"#_edn18\" name=\"_ednref18\">[xviii]<\/a>\u00a0 Is the Article 9 unrealistic in the contemporary international situations?\u00a0 If Shideha were alive today, what would he respond to such criticism?<\/p>\n<p><strong>PART TWO<\/strong> is about the majority of the Japanese people\u2019s possible views over Japan\u2019s armament with nuclear weapons, in accordance with the AI.<\/p>\n<p><strong>PART THREE<\/strong> is about the reasons of the tendency that the political leaders of the major powerful countries are tend to rely on nuclear deterrence for the defense of their countries and for making peace in the long-run rather than the effort for nuclear abolition.<\/p>\n<p>Although it may not be very wise to understand or interpret the AI\u2019s response without rigorous critical thinking, the AI\u2019s views could be used as a kind of reference(s) for one to think about the relevant issues and\/or questions.\u00a0 Needless to say, the AI can be effective when it is used <em>as a tool to assist, provoke and\/or inspire one\u2019s thinking, neither as a tool for one to skip his or her thinking over the relevant issues nor as the replacement of one\u2019s thinking<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>I hope that this article will work well for the promotion of debates and discussions to bring about a lasting peace to this very dangerous contemporary world.<a href=\"#_edn19\" name=\"_ednref19\">[xix]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>The questions I asked and the AI\u2019s responses to them are mentioned below.<\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;-<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>PART ONE:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 If Kijuro Shidehara Were Alive Today\u2026<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Questions:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>(1) \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <u>As <\/u><\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www3.nhk.or.jp\/nhkworld\/en\/news\/20251219_01\/\" ><strong>one of the senior officials of the Japanese government says that Japan should possess nuclear weapons<\/strong><\/a><strong><u>, if <\/u><\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kij\u016br\u014d_Shidehara\" ><strong>Kijuro Shidehara<\/strong><\/a><strong><u> were alive today, what would he say to that?<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>(2) \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <u>If Shidehara&#8217;s views are criticized as unrealistic in the contemporary world, what would he rebut to that?<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Note: For the convenience of the reader, the text of the Article 9 of the Constitution of Japan was added in the Italic letters.<\/p>\n<p><strong>The AI\u2019s Reply:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Quote:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Kijuro Shidehara, a key figure in the drafting of Japan&#8217;s pacifist post-World War II constitution, would be a strong opponent of\u00a0Japan\u00a0possessing nuclear weapons. He advocated for a foreign policy based on\u00a0pacifism, international cooperation, and economic prosperity through non-military means, as encapsulated in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Constitution_of_Japan#Renunciation_of_war_(Article_9)\" >war-abolishing<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Article_9_of_the_Constitution_of_Japan\" >Article 9 of the Japanese Constitution<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Text of the Article 9 of the Constitution of Japan:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Article 9.<\/em><\/strong><em>\u00a0Aspiring sincerely to an international peace based on justice and order, the Japanese people forever renounce war as a sovereign right of the nation and the threat or use of force as means of settling international disputes.<br \/>\nIn order to accomplish the aim of the preceding paragraph, land, sea, and air forces, as well as other war potential, will never be maintained. The right of belligerency of the state will not be recognized.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>If Shidehara were alive today:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>He would strongly oppose Japan possessing nuclear weapons, as this fundamentally contradicts his vision of a demilitarized Japan committed to &#8220;an international peace based on justice and order&#8221;.<\/li>\n<li>He would likely argue that nuclear proliferation would harm Japan&#8217;s international standing, increase regional tensions, and divert resources from economic and social development.<\/li>\n<li>He would point to the devastating experiences of Hiroshima and Nagasaki as a powerful reminder of the horrors of nuclear weapons, reinforcing his belief that Japan should lead the world in abolishing war.<\/li>\n<li>His perspective would emphasize that true national security lies in\u00a0cultivating good relations with all countriesand pursuing economic diplomacy rather than military strength.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Rebuttal to criticisms of his views as &#8220;unrealistic&#8221;:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>If his views were criticized as unrealistic in the contemporary world, Shidehara would likely offer the following rebuttals:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>He would argue that &#8220;realism&#8221; is not solely defined by military power, but by a nation&#8217;s ability to adapt to changing global circumstances and build a stable, prosperous future through cooperation.<\/li>\n<li>He would highlight Japan&#8217;s post-war success as a leading global economy, achieved without a large military, as proof that his pacifist approach was, in fact, highly effective and pragmatic.<\/li>\n<li>He might contend that an over-reliance on military power and the pursuit of nuclear weapons is the true &#8220;unrealistic&#8221; path, as it risks triggering an arms race and potentially leading to national isolation and catastrophe, echoing the mistakes of Imperial Japan&#8217;s past.<\/li>\n<li>He would maintain that adhering to a principled foreign policy, even when challenging, is essential for long-term global stability and that Japan has a moral obligation to promote the ideal of peace to the world.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Unquote:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Source:<\/em><\/strong><em>\u00a0 <\/em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?udm=50&amp;aep=11&amp;q=%281%29+As+one+of+the+senior+officials+of+the+Japanese+government+says+that+Japan+should+possess+nuclear+weapons%2C+if+Kijuro+Shidehara+were+alive+today%2C+what+would+he+say+to+that%3F++%282%29+If+Shidehara%27s+views+is+criticized+as+unrealistic+and+too+much+ideal+in+the+contemporary+world%2C+what+would+he+rebut+to+that%3F&amp;mstk=AUtExfDwIGrHt_HbvmcCKRd5gZoKJ33z8rXYMh3OFLvsSATdDBw0i9b5B3j1mqrPsQyQExsryDwrC6z-7gbdu9dnovbAE74rhzVYufDkctrrLI50iVjLjZbJwVH_4S1H2tHmATlHIYt3zV1idHX0zgNOucQA3QliEV2do4I&amp;csuir=1&amp;mtid=TZBEaZvXBvmi2roPndLHEA\" ><em>https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?udm=50&amp;aep=11&amp;q=%281%29+As+one+of+the+senior+officials+of+the+Japanese+government+says+that+Japan+should+possess+nuclear+weapons%2C+if+Kijuro+Shidehara+were+alive+today%2C+what+would+he+say+to+that%3F++%282%29+If+Shidehara%27s+views+is+criticized+as+unrealistic+and+too+much+ideal+in+the+contemporary+world%2C+what+would+he+rebut+to+that%3F&amp;mstk=AUtExfDwIGrHt_HbvmcCKRd5gZoKJ33z8rXYMh3OFLvsSATdDBw0i9b5B3j1mqrPsQyQExsryDwrC6z-7gbdu9dnovbAE74rhzVYufDkctrrLI50iVjLjZbJwVH_4S1H2tHmATlHIYt3zV1idHX0zgNOucQA3QliEV2do4I&amp;csuir=1&amp;mtid=TZBEaZvXBvmi2roPndLHEA<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;-<\/p>\n<p><strong>PART TWO:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Given that even a senior Japanese government official argues that Japan should be armed with nuclear weapons, and given that the international situations around Japan are becoming tense ever more, is it possible to assume that the majority of the Japanese people today agree that Japan should possess nuclear weapons?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>The AI\u2019s Reply:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Quote:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong>While some senior Japanese government officials and political candidates have recently voiced support for possessing nuclear weapons, it is\u00a0not possible\u00a0to assume that a majority of the Japanese people agree with this stance. Despite rising regional tensions and a growing openness to discussing defense alternatives, public opinion polls in 2025 continue to show strong support for Japan\u2019s non-nuclear principles.<\/p>\n<p>Current Public Sentiment (2025)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Support for Non-Nuclear Principles:As of 2024\u20132025, approximately\u00a073% of Japanese respondents\u00a0believe that the &#8220;Three Non-Nuclear Principles&#8221; (not possessing, not producing, and not permitting the introduction of nuclear weapons) should be upheld.<\/li>\n<li>Opposition to Armament:Among successful candidates in the August 2025 upper house election,\u00a060%\u00a0explicitly stated that Japan should neither possess nor share nuclear arms.<\/li>\n<li>Reliance on the Nuclear Umbrella:Public opinion is divided on the U.S. nuclear umbrella; while some see it as necessary,\u00a055% of respondents\u00a0in a 2025 survey stated that reliance on it is &#8220;unnecessary,&#8221; with many in this group favoring Japan joining the UN Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Shifting Perspectives vs. Established Taboos<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Evolving Defense Views:There is a clear trend toward supporting a stronger\u00a0conventional Record highs of\u00a062%\u201364%\u00a0of the public now support bolstering Japan\u2019s Self-Defense Forces (SDF).<\/li>\n<li>Openness to Debate:While the possession of nuclear weapons remains a significant taboo due to the legacy of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, there is a &#8220;growing openness&#8221; to discussing alternative nuclear options, such as &#8220;nuclear sharing&#8221; or allowing the U.S. to bring nuclear weapons into Japanese territory.<\/li>\n<li>Political Context:Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi, known for hawkish views, has considered reviewing the non-nuclear principles. However, even within her administration, such moves are acknowledged as potentially triggering massive domestic and international backlash.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Conclusion<\/p>\n<p>While a minority of the public and some political leaders advocate for nuclear armament as a &#8220;realistic&#8221; deterrent against threats from North Korea, China, and Russia, the\u00a0majority of the Japanese population\u00a0remains opposed to the possession of nuclear weapons, prioritizing the country&#8217;s pacifist Constitution and its unique historical status as the only nation to suffer atomic bombings.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Unquote:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Source:<\/em><\/strong><em>\u00a0 <\/em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?udm=50&amp;aep=11&amp;q=Given+that+even+a+senior+Japanese+government+official+argues+that+Japan+should+be+armed+with+nuclear+weapons%2C+and+given+that+the+international+situations+around+Japan+are+becoming+tense+ever+more%2C+is+it+possible+to+assume+that+the+majority+of+the+Japanese+people+today+agree+that+Japan+should+possess+nuclear+weapons%3F&amp;mtid=8aNEad3HGKWC2roPueexyAY&amp;mstk=AUtExfD6zTKFKYMLuTsvVvVPrd01Xp7aCjfUNYr9eF6HcHfvGR336q1MKuSMH9f4J5csi677Bv3c_PRKe3YBkYNX4X5qlaGKjgrHQ17voZIlc8xHZXqgTIF0mLloH7J2BZubRb6BSKLKG4a98PkGdCEYS288gl2BPnJ8t8Y&amp;csuir=1\" ><em>https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?udm=50&amp;aep=11&amp;q=Given+that+even+a+senior+Japanese+government+official+argues+that+Japan+should+be+armed+with+nuclear+weapons%2C+and+given+that+the+international+situations+around+Japan+are+becoming+tense+ever+more%2C+is+it+possible+to+assume+that+the+majority+of+the+Japanese+people+today+agree+that+Japan+should+possess+nuclear+weapons%3F&amp;mtid=8aNEad3HGKWC2roPueexyAY&amp;mstk=AUtExfD6zTKFKYMLuTsvVvVPrd01Xp7aCjfUNYr9eF6HcHfvGR336q1MKuSMH9f4J5csi677Bv3c_PRKe3YBkYNX4X5qlaGKjgrHQ17voZIlc8xHZXqgTIF0mLloH7J2BZubRb6BSKLKG4a98PkGdCEYS288gl2BPnJ8t8Y&amp;csuir=1<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;-<\/p>\n<p><strong>PART THREE:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Questions:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>(1) \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <u>Why do the political leaders in major big countries, including the US, Russia, China, India, etc., are tend to depend on nuclear deterrence?<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>(2) \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <u>Is nuclear deterrence more effective in defending one&#8217;s country and in making peace in the long-run than working for the abolition of nuclear weapons?<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>The AI\u2019s Reply:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Quote:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Political leaders in major powers rely on nuclear deterrence as a strategic tool to ensure national survival and prevent large-scale conflict through the threat of catastrophic retaliation. As of 2025, whether deterrence is more effective than disarmament remains a central debate, with proponents citing its historical success in preventing major power wars and critics highlighting the existential risks of accidental or escalatory use.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong> Reasons Leaders Depend on Nuclear Deterrence<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Leaders of major powers\u2014including the\u00a0US,\u00a0<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?q=Russia&amp;kgmid=\/m\/06bnz&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwjRqqu48MiRAxUqc_UHHXKqNTUQ3egRegYIAQgEEAM\" >Russia<\/a>,\u00a0<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?q=China&amp;kgmid=\/m\/0d05w3&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwjRqqu48MiRAxUqc_UHHXKqNTUQ3egRegYIAQgEEAU\" >China<\/a>, and\u00a0<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?q=India&amp;kgmid=\/m\/03rk0&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwjRqqu48MiRAxUqc_UHHXKqNTUQ3egRegYIAQgEEAc\" >India<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u2014continue to depend on nuclear deterrence for several key reasons:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Strategic Stability (MAD):The concept of\u00a0Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD)\u00a0ensures that if one country attacks another with nuclear weapons, the retaliatory strike will result in the total destruction of both, thus discouraging any initial attack.<\/li>\n<li>Cost-Benefit Influence:Deterrence aims to influence an adversary&#8217;s calculations, making the perceived costs and risks of aggression far outweigh any potential gains.<\/li>\n<li>Survival and Sovereignty:Russia\u2019s 2025 nuclear doctrine, for instance, emphasizes nuclear weapons as essential for ensuring &#8220;sovereignty and territorial integrity&#8221; against existential threats.<\/li>\n<li>Extended Deterrence:The US provides a &#8220;nuclear umbrella&#8221; to over 30 allies, assuring them of aid (potentially nuclear) if attacked, which prevents these allies from developing their own nuclear arsenals.<\/li>\n<li>Power Projection:China\u2019s 2025 expansion of its nuclear arsenal is driven by a desire to match US capabilities and bolster its resolve in regional conflicts, such as over Taiwan.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><strong> Effectiveness vs. Disarmament<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>The debate over whether deterrence is more effective than disarmament for long-term peace is categorized by two opposing viewpoints:<\/p>\n<p>Arguments for the Effectiveness of Deterrence:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Prevention of Major War:Proponents argue that nuclear weapons have prevented a repeat of a conventional World War for over 80 years by making the cost of such a conflict &#8220;unacceptable&#8221;.<\/li>\n<li>Stability-Instability Paradox:While nuclear weapons may not prevent small-scale proxy wars, they are credited with preventing these conflicts from escalating into global catastrophes.<\/li>\n<li>Conventional Restraint:Some argue that without a nuclear deterrent, nations would feel freer to engage in large-scale conventional wars, leading to even greater global instability.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Arguments for the Necessity of Abolition:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Risk of Accidents and Escalation:Critics point to &#8220;near-misses&#8221; and the risk of &#8220;sleepwalking into conflict&#8221; due to cyber-attacks on command-and-control systems or misinterpretations of intent.<\/li>\n<li>The Goal of Disarmament:International bodies, such as the\u00a0UN Office for Disarmament Affairs, argue that disarmament is the &#8220;only absolute guarantee&#8221; against the use of nuclear weapons.<\/li>\n<li>Erosion of Global Order:The 2025 unraveling of arms control treaties, such as the upcoming expiration of\u00a0New START\u00a0in 2026, has led to a more dangerous multipolar world where proliferation is once again increasing.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Ultimately, while nuclear deterrence is currently viewed by major powers as a necessary foundation for security, 2025 developments suggest that the global community is increasingly divided on whether this status quo is sustainable or if a fundamental shift toward disarmament is required for long-term peace.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Unquote:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Source: <\/em><\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?udm=50&amp;aep=11&amp;q=%281%29+Why+do+the+political+leaders+in+big+countries%2C+including+the+US%2C+Russia%2C+China%2C+India%2C+etc.%2C+are+tend+to+depend+on+the+nuclear+deterrence%3F++%282%29+Does+the+nuclear+deterrence+is+more+effective+in+defending+one%27s+country+and+in+making+peace+in+the+long-run+rather+than+working+for+the+abolishment+of+nuclear+weapons%3F&amp;mstk=AUtExfD9eoeW9Dz1t-ABQbNSmw5swj65T3sKyPpGR4drZDFeUx3dZFKM1DBoW2aTPt1FQ2waPGEqP7QJG_n_IcIb7CHajQCyIQPn6e_x7h9ig8YZNp2YIq5ciryKAwSGnepEkBsGBphmS3z1skGUPEwowY9KWhtmjD6Kilg&amp;csuir=1&amp;mtid=H91EaZGfAqrm1e8P8tTWqQM\" ><em>https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?udm=50&amp;aep=11&amp;q=%281%29+Why+do+the+political+leaders+in+big+countries%2C+including+the+US%2C+Russia%2C+China%2C+India%2C+etc.%2C+are+tend+to+depend+on+the+nuclear+deterrence%3F++%282%29+Does+the+nuclear+deterrence+is+more+effective+in+defending+one%27s+country+and+in+making+peace+in+the+long-run+rather+than+working+for+the+abolishment+of+nuclear+weapons%3F&amp;mstk=AUtExfD9eoeW9Dz1t-ABQbNSmw5swj65T3sKyPpGR4drZDFeUx3dZFKM1DBoW2aTPt1FQ2waPGEqP7QJG_n_IcIb7CHajQCyIQPn6e_x7h9ig8YZNp2YIq5ciryKAwSGnepEkBsGBphmS3z1skGUPEwowY9KWhtmjD6Kilg&amp;csuir=1&amp;mtid=H91EaZGfAqrm1e8P8tTWqQM<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[i]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.japantimes.co.jp\/news\/2025\/12\/19\/japan\/politics\/japan-nuclear-weapons-official\/\" >Japan should have nuclear weapons, official reportedly says &#8211; The Japan Times<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[ii]<\/a> See. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.easternangle.com\/hawkish-and-risky-takaichis-course-the-u-s-and-japans-future\/\" >Hawkish and Risky: Takaichi\u2019s Course, the U.S., and Japan\u2019s Future &#8211; Eastern Angle<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[iii]<\/a> See. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dw.com\/en\/japan-china-north-korea-tensions-nuclear-weapons-taiwan\/a-74887346\" >Japan debates nuclear policy amid China, N. Korea threats \u2013 DW \u2013 11\/25\/2025<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[iv]<\/a> See. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scmp.com\/news\/china\/diplomacy\/article\/3337079\/chinas-military-build-could-seriously-affect-japans-security-tokyo-warns\" >China\u2019s military build-up could \u2018seriously\u2019 affect Japan\u2019s security, Tokyo warns | South China Morning Post<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[v]<\/a> See. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scmp.com\/news\/china\/diplomacy\/article\/3337079\/chinas-military-build-could-seriously-affect-japans-security-tokyo-warns\" >China\u2019s military build-up could \u2018seriously\u2019 affect Japan\u2019s security, Tokyo warns | South China Morning Post<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[vi]<\/a> See. <a href=\"https:\/\/apjjf.org\/yuki-tanaka\/3246\/article\" >Nuclear Noh Drama: Tokyo, Washington and the Missing Nuclear Agreements &#8211; Asia-Pacific Journal: Japan Focus<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[vii]<\/a> See. <a href=\"http:\/\/ryukyu-okinawa.net\/contents\/documents\/archive\/wakai.html\" >Secret Agreed Minute &#8211; 1969 (Declassified by Wakaizumi Kei)<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[viii]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/english.kyodonews.net\/articles\/-\/67165\" >Japan gov&#8217;t affirms no-nuke policy, stays mum on official&#8217;s nuclear remarks<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\">[ix]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=in2fsNFbq4A\" >&#8220;\u2018We adhere to the three non-nuclear principles&#8221; \u2014 Japan Pushes Back on Nuclear Weapons Calls | APT<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\">[x]<\/a> See. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.asahi.com\/ajw\/articles\/14560003\" >Abe suggests Japan start \u2018nuclear sharing\u2019 discussion | The Asahi Shimbun: Breaking News, Japan News and Analysis<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\">[xi]<\/a> See. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.stimson.org\/2024\/japans-strategic-future-and-implications-for-the-us-japan-alliance\/\" >Japan\u2019s Strategic Future and Implications for the US-Japan Alliance \u2022 Stimson Center<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref12\" name=\"_edn12\">[xii]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/foreignpolicy.com\/2025\/11\/24\/japan-nuclear-weapons-china-deterrence-us-alliance-north-korea-geopolitics\/\" >Why Japan Needs Nuclear Weapons<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref13\" name=\"_edn13\">[xiii]<\/a> See. <a href=\"https:\/\/nationalinterest.org\/feature\/japan-destined-have-nuclear-weapons-207811\" >Japan Is Destined to Have Nuclear Weapons<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref14\" name=\"_edn14\">[xiv]<\/a> See. <a href=\"https:\/\/swarajyamag.com\/world\/end-of-japans-pacifist-era-new-pm-takaichis-rise-signals-a-harder-line-on-china\" >End Of Japan&#8217;s Pacifist Era? New PM Takaichi&#8217;s Rise Signals A Harder Line On China<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref15\" name=\"_edn15\">[xv]<\/a> See. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.asahi.com\/ajw\/articles\/15632375\" >\u2018Hibakusha\u2019 infuriated by Japan\u2019s no-show at TPNW meeting<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref16\" name=\"_edn16\">[xvi]<\/a> See. <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/survivors-voices-80-years-after-hiroshima-and-nagasaki-sound-a-warning-and-a-call-to-action-262174\" >Survivors\u2019 voices 80 years after Hiroshima and Nagasaki sound a warning and a call to action<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref17\" name=\"_edn17\">[xvii]<\/a> See. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kij\u016br\u014d_Shidehara#Premiership_(1945\u20131946)\" >Kij\u016br\u014d Shidehara \u2013 Premiership (1945-1946) Wikipedia<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref18\" name=\"_edn18\">[xviii]<\/a> See. <a href=\"https:\/\/worldhistoryedu.com\/significance-of-japans-pacifist-constitution\/\" >Significance of Japan&#8217;s Pacifist Constitution &#8211; World History Edu<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref19\" name=\"_edn19\">[xix]<\/a> See. <a href=\"https:\/\/factually.co\/fact-checks\/science\/will-world-end-december-25-2025-8aa014\" >In December 25th will the world end<\/a><\/p>\n<p><em>_____________________________________________<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>Satoshi Ashikaga is\u00a0a member of the\u00a0<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/\" ><em>TRANSCEND Network for Peace Development Environment<\/em><\/a><em>. Having worked as researcher, development program\/project officer, legal protection\/humanitarian assistance officer, human rights monitor-negotiator, managing-editor, and more, he prefers a peaceful and prudent life.\u00a0 His previous work experiences, including those in war zones and war-torn zones, constantly remind him of the invaluableness of peace.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>On Kijuro Shidehara\u2019s Pacifism<br \/>\nOn the Majority of the Japanese People\u2019s Possible View Over Nuclear Armament<br \/>\nReasons Why the Political Leaders of the Major Powerful Countries&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":309572,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[40],"tags":[1733],"class_list":["post-310338","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-transcend-members","tag-artificial-intelligence-ai"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/310338","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=310338"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/310338\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":310340,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/310338\/revisions\/310340"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/309572"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=310338"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=310338"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=310338"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}