{"id":314148,"date":"2026-03-16T11:59:31","date_gmt":"2026-03-16T11:59:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/?p=314148"},"modified":"2026-04-22T20:43:02","modified_gmt":"2026-04-22T19:43:02","slug":"sustained-indigenous-languages-and-peace-the-mandela-ubuntu-language-interactivity-part-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2026\/03\/sustained-indigenous-languages-and-peace-the-mandela-ubuntu-language-interactivity-part-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Sustained Indigenous Languages and Peace: The Mandela\u2013Ubuntu\u2013Language Interactivity Part 2"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>\u201cSouth Africa provides a diverse geopolitical ground on which to study the intimate relationship, between Languages and Exogenous Peace. Here, the Nationalist, White dominated, oppressive government of apartheid, weaponised languages, during colonialism and apartheid eras, but later reclaimed as instruments of dignity, unity, and humanisation in the democratic era of Madibaism.\u201d<a href=\"#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\"><strong>[1]<\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u201cPeace speaks many languages, but it is heard most clearly in the mother tongue.\u201d<a href=\"#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\"><strong>[2]<\/strong><\/a> <\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>This publication is suitable for general readership. Parental guidance is recommended for minors who may use this research paper, as a resource material, for projects.<\/em><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_314149\" style=\"width: 610px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/1TRIAD-OF-PEACE-2.jpeg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-314149\" class=\"wp-image-314149\" src=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/1TRIAD-OF-PEACE-2-1024x683.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/1TRIAD-OF-PEACE-2-1024x683.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/1TRIAD-OF-PEACE-2-300x200.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/1TRIAD-OF-PEACE-2-768x512.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/1TRIAD-OF-PEACE-2.jpeg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-314149\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Triad of Peace: A 3D triangular structure illustrating \u201cRecognition-Dignity- Identity\u201d anchored by Mandela Praxis, Ubuntu Ethics, and Constitutional Duties.<br \/>This graphic reflects the philosophical architecture of the foundational elements of Peace, as an Integrated Linguistic-Philosophical Framework<br \/>Original Graphic Conceptualised by Mrs V. Vawda, March 2026<\/p><\/div>\n<p><strong>Prologue: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This Part 2, in the series on correlation between Peace and indigenous, threatened, rare languages turn to the heart of the matter: the <strong>Mandela\u2013Ubuntu\u2013Language<\/strong> hinge, where mother\u2011tongue recognition becomes the moral grammar of dignity, <em>umuntu ngumuntu ngabantu<\/em>.<a href=\"#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]<\/a> \u00a0As illustrated in the above infographic, which encapsulates the original Vawdaian<a href=\"#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]<\/a> proposal of the <em>Triad of Peace<\/em>, a conceptual model, in which <strong>Recognition<\/strong>, <strong>Dignity<\/strong>, and <strong>Identity<\/strong> operate as interdependent pillars of linguistic peace-building. The triangular form symbolises structural reciprocity: each side reinforces and is reinforced by the others, reflecting the relational logic central to African humanism. The upper axis, <strong>Recognition<\/strong>, foregrounds the ethical imperative to affirm the presence, worth, and cultural world of the Other, an imperative exemplified in Mandela\u2019s commitment to multilingual engagement as a means of humanising political adversaries and dissolving historical hostilities. The lower-left axis, <strong>Dignity<\/strong>, highlights the socio\u2011moral significance of enabling individuals and communities to express themselves in their heritage languages; dignity here is inseparable from linguistic agency and constitutional protections that guarantee equitable language rights. The lower-right axis, <strong>Identity<\/strong>, anchors the affective and epistemic dimensions of language, acknowledging that heritage languages are repositories of memory, worldview, and selfhood.<\/p>\n<p>The interior dimensions of the triangle illustrate how <strong>Mandela\u2019s Praxis<\/strong><a href=\"#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]<\/a>, <strong>Ubuntu Ethics<\/strong><a href=\"#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6]<\/a>, and <strong>Constitutional Duties<\/strong><a href=\"#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\">[7]<\/a> interact to sustain the Triad. Mandela\u2019s praxis represents the strategic and moral use of language to restore trust and social cohesion. Ubuntu ethics situate personhood as inherently relational, <em>umuntu ngumuntu ngabantu<\/em>, thereby positioning language as a medium through which communal bonds are articulated, renewed, and ethically maintained. Constitutional duties provide institutional grounding by mandating parity of esteem among languages and safeguarding the linguistic rights that enable recognition and dignity to be materially realised.<\/p>\n<p>Together, these elements form an integrated peace architecture in which language is not merely communicative but <strong>constitutive<\/strong> of ethical relations, national healing, and collective flourishing. The triangular geometric configuration conveys stability, balance, and interdependence, symbolising that sustainable peace arises only when recognition, dignity, and identity are all simultaneously upheld.<\/p>\n<p>Language is not a neutral conduit of information; it is a\u00a0<strong>moral technology<\/strong>\u00a0that confers recognition, dignity, and identity. This paper argues that\u00a0<strong>linguistic choice and preservation<\/strong>\u00a0are central to peacebuilding. It examines\u00a0<strong>Mandela\u2019s pragmatic language ethos<\/strong>, the\u00a0<strong>Ubuntu ethic of relational personhood<\/strong>\u00a0encapsulated by\u00a0<em>umuntu ngumuntu ngabantu<\/em>, and\u00a0<strong>neurocognitive evidence<\/strong>\u00a0showing that\u00a0<strong>native languages evoke stronger emotional engagement than foreign languages<\/strong>. The analysis situates\u00a0<strong>language<\/strong>\u00a0as the\u00a0<strong>connective tissue<\/strong>\u00a0between\u00a0<strong>memory (Part 1: heritage\/identity)<\/strong>\u00a0and\u00a0<strong>humanistic praxis (Part 3: Ubuntu peace)<\/strong> and concludes with a\u00a0<strong>Call to Action<\/strong>\u00a0for revitalising endangered languages under a structured\u00a0<strong>SPERL<\/strong>\u00a0agenda (Saving, Protecting, Empowering, Reviving Languages). Policy anchors include\u00a0<strong>South Africa\u2019s constitutional language provisions<\/strong>\u00a0and\u00a0<strong>UNESCO\u2019s 2022\u20132032 International Decade of Indigenous Languages<\/strong>.<a href=\"#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\">[8]<\/a><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong> Introduction: Language as Humanity\u2019s First Peace Treaty<a href=\"#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\">[9]<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Before laws and institutions,\u00a0<strong>peace begins in language<\/strong>, in the possibility of\u00a0<em>mutual intelligibility<\/em>\u00a0and\u00a0<em>recognition<\/em>. Each language encodes a lived cosmology; losing a language is losing a way of feeling and knowing the world. Ubuntu philosophies emphasise that a person becomes a person\u00a0<em>through<\/em>\u00a0others, a view rendered linguistically in Nguni as\u00a0<strong><em>umuntu ngumuntu ngabantu<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0(\u201ca person is a person through other persons\u201d), which frames language not merely as description but as\u00a0<strong>relation-creating action<\/strong><a href=\"#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\">[10]<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>South Africa\u2019s historical arc, <strong>languages weaponised under apartheid<\/strong>\u00a0and\u00a0<strong>re-humanised in the democratic dispensation<\/strong>, offers a unique testbed. The\u00a0<strong>Constitution<\/strong>\u00a0recognises 11 official languages, mandates equitable treatment, and tasks the state with\u00a0<em>elevating the status and advancing the use of indigenous languages<\/em>, principles made operational by instruments like the\u00a0<strong>Official Use of Languages Act (2012)<\/strong>\u00a0and departmental language policies.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_314152\" style=\"width: 410px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/4combo-man-chil.jpeg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-314152\" class=\"wp-image-314152\" src=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/4combo-man-chil-772x1024.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"531\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/4combo-man-chil-772x1024.jpeg 772w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/4combo-man-chil-226x300.jpeg 226w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/4combo-man-chil-768x1019.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/4combo-man-chil.jpeg 906w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-314152\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Languages, Mandela Peace Philosophy and nurturing Children<br \/>Photo Top: The Vawdaian concept of Language and Peace inter-connectedness, as illustrated by the first democratically elected President Mandela and the uniquely South African philosophy of Ubuntu encapsulating the dictum, if you are desirous of a change, start with the children, the future of a country.<br \/>Photo Bottom:\u00a0 Children worldwide are the Catalyst for ant transformative change, especially in preservation of Indegenous and Rare Languages, Globally<br \/>Original Graphics Conceptualised by Mrs V. Vawda, March 2026<\/p><\/div>\n<p><strong>Children as Catalysts of Civilisational Renewal and Language Security Against Extinction.<a href=\"#_edn11\" name=\"_ednref11\">[11]<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>1) Executive Thesis<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Children are the decisive leverage point<\/strong> for reversing language loss and catalysing civilisational renewal. A child\u2011first strategy aligns with:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Global commitments to safeguard indigenous\/heritage languages (UNESCO\u2019s <strong>International Decade of Indigenous Languages 2022\u20132032<\/strong> <a href=\"#_edn12\" name=\"_ednref12\">[12]<\/a>and the <strong>World Atlas of Languages<\/strong>), both calling for documentation, revitalisation, and digital inclusion.<\/li>\n<li>National duties (e.g., South Africa\u2019s <strong>Official Use of Languages Act<\/strong> and constitutional parity of esteem) that can be operationalised through child\u2011centred service, schooling, and media.<\/li>\n<li>Statespersonship that frames children as a nation\u2019s future (e.g., <strong>Nehru\u2019s<\/strong> insistence that the way we raise children \u201cwill determine the future of the country,\u201d and <strong>Mandela\u2019s<\/strong> vision of children as the \u201crock on which our future will be built\u201d).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The synthesis below translates this vision into <strong>SPERL<\/strong> (Saving \u2022 Protecting \u2022 Empowering \u2022 Reviving \u2022 Languages), with <strong>children at the centre<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2) Why children? The scientific and policy case<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Affective, cognitive anchoring in the mother tongue<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Studies show that <strong>native languages carry stronger emotional resonance<\/strong> than later\u2011learned languages, with higher autonomic arousal to emotionally laden words and reprimands in L1. This \u201cemotional depth\u201d supports identity formation, empathy, and moral socialisation, key goals of basic education.<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><strong>Decision\u2011making and moral reasoning<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Research on the <strong>Foreign\u2011Language Effect<\/strong> indicates that processing in a foreign language increases cognitive distance and can dampen affect; vital affective\u2013ethical learning therefore benefits from <strong>early, sustained L1 exposure<\/strong> in school and at home.<\/p>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li><strong>Global risk of language extinction<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>International assessments warn that a large share of the world\u2019s ~7,000 languages is endangered, prompting a decade\u2011long mobilisation (IDIL 2022\u20132032) and a data infrastructure (World Atlas of Languages) to track vitality and guide interventions, both emphasising <strong>intergenerational transmission<\/strong> as the decisive variable.<\/p>\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<li><strong>Policy levers exist<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>In multilingual democracies, constitutional and statutory frameworks mandate equitable use and development of official languages; <strong>child\u2011facing services<\/strong> (schooling, clinics, courts\u2019 child\u2011witness support) are the most scalable pathways to make those rights lived realities.<\/p>\n<p><strong>3) The SPERL Framework, Child\u2011Centred Version<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>S , \u00a0Saving (document and seed)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Goal:<\/strong> Create durable, child\u2011friendly records and learning seeds for threatened languages.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Community kid\u2011corpora:<\/strong> Record children\u2019s songs, playground chants, riddles, folktales with grandparents; index in the <strong>UNESCO World Atlas of Languages<\/strong>\u2013compatible format.<\/li>\n<li><strong>School\u2011based micro\u2011archives:<\/strong> Every primary school hosts a class\u2011curated digital \u201clanguage chest\u201d (audio, drawings, sub\u2011titles), linked to district repositories; aligns with IDIL\u2019s call for community\u2011owned documentation.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Child health touchpoints:<\/strong> During vaccination\/growth\u2011monitoring visits, clinics invite caregivers to contribute a lullaby\/proverb in L1 to the local archive, normalising language pride <strong>outside<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Child\u2011impact metric:<\/strong> <em>Number of schools with active \u201clanguage chests\u201d; hours of child\u2011generated L1 audio\/video archived and reused in class.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>P , \u00a0Protecting (rights and safe use)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Goal:<\/strong> Guarantee environments in which children can safely use heritage languages without discrimination.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Rights in service delivery:<\/strong> Implement the <strong>Official Use of Languages Act<\/strong> in child\u2011facing offices (birth registration, child grants, clinics); provide signage and forms in the dominant local languages.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Anti\u2011stigma school codes:<\/strong> Explicitly prohibit shaming or punitive measures for speaking L1 on campus; integrate language\u2011respect modules in life orientation curricula. (Reinforces constitutional parity and dignity.)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Child witness support:<\/strong> In juvenile justice and social services, guarantee certified interpreters so that a child\u2019s testimony and needs are heard <strong>in L1<\/strong>, improving accuracy and safeguarding rights.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Child\u2011impact metric:<\/strong> <em>Share of child\u2011facing facilities operating in \u22653 official languages; complaints on language discrimination resolved within 30 days.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>E , \u00a0Empowering (learners and teachers)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Goal:<\/strong> Equip children and the adults around them to <em>use<\/em> and <em>create<\/em> in L1 (with strong bridges to lingua francas).<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Mother\u2011tongue\u2011based multilingual education <a href=\"#_edn13\" name=\"_ednref13\">[13]<\/a>(MTB\u2011MLE):<\/strong> Early grades taught in L1 with <strong>additive<\/strong> bilingualism to English\/other lingua francas; this aligns with global guidance and improves literacy transfer.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Teacher upskilling:<\/strong> Fund in\u2011service credentials for L1 reading science, oral\u2011language pedagogy, and <strong>emotionally rich<\/strong> vocabulary work, leveraging evidence that affectively loaded L1 contexts deepen learning.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Parents as co\u2011educators:<\/strong> \u201c10\u2011minute L1 read\u2011aloud\u201d daily pledge with guided tip\u2011sheets; distribute <strong>dual\u2011language<\/strong> decodable readers so children see L1 and L2 as <strong>both\/and<\/strong> rather than <strong>either\/or<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Child\u2011impact metric:<\/strong> <em>Grade\u20113 reading comprehension in L1 and transfer to L2 by Grade\u20114; time\u2011on\u2011task in L1 literacy blocks.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>R , \u00a0Reviving (culture, media and tech)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Goal:<\/strong> Make L1 the language of <strong>joy, aspiration, and modernity<\/strong> for children.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Kid\u2011first media ecology:<\/strong> Commission animated shorts, audiobooks, and STEM explainer videos in L1; embed <strong>local idioms and proverbs<\/strong> so children experience cultural pride in contemporary formats. (IDIL emphasises digital inclusion.)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Gamified lexicons<a href=\"#_edn14\" name=\"_ednref14\">[14]<\/a>:<\/strong> Co\u2011create child\u2011friendly dictionaries with emojis, audio, and etymology trails; host spelling bees and proverb slams at district festivals to make prestige visible.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Makers\u2019 labs:<\/strong> After\u2011school clubs that script, film, and subtitle community stories; outputs archived to the school \u201clanguage chest,\u201d then syndicated to local radio.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Child\u2011impact metric:<\/strong> <em>Monthly active users of L1 kid\u2011content platforms; number of youth productions broadcast\/streamed.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>L , \u00a0Languages (mainstreaming and governance)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Goal:<\/strong> Position languages as cross\u2011cutting assets in education, health, justice, and economic development.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Whole\u2011of\u2011government plan:<\/strong> Annual <strong>Language Equity Scorecard<\/strong> tracking each department\u2019s child\u2011impact indicators (services, content, training); aligns national reporting with IDIL dashboards.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Budget\u2011tagging:<\/strong> Earmark a small percentage of child\u2011facing programme budgets to L1 content and translation, recorded in the Estimates of National Expenditure; this converts rights into resourced delivery.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Public mobilisation:<\/strong> National <strong>Children and Languages Week<\/strong>, libraries, museums, and sports codes partner to normalise L1 usage in elite spaces (courts, stadiums, science centres).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Child\u2011impact metric:<\/strong> <em>% of departmental child\u2011facing outputs meeting language\u2011access standards; IDIL\u2011aligned annual progress report published.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>4) Programmatic Blueprint (24\u2011month starter roadmap)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Quarter 1\u20132<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Establish a <strong>Child\u2011Language Task Team<\/strong> (Education, Arts and Culture, Health, Justice, civil society, youth creators).<\/li>\n<li>Select <strong>pilot districts<\/strong> (multilingual with one endangered or under\u2011served language).<\/li>\n<li>Design <strong>language chest<\/strong> templates and consent protocols.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Quarter 3\u20134<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Launch <strong>MTB\u2011MLE booster<\/strong> in Grade R\u20133; roll out dual\u2011language readers.<\/li>\n<li>Train <strong>clinic and social services<\/strong> staff on L1 intake and interpretation pathways.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Year 2<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Commission <strong>kid\u2011first media<\/strong> (animated folktales, science explainers).<\/li>\n<li>Host <strong>district proverb slams<\/strong> and <strong>radio storytelling<\/strong> seasons; archive outputs to the World Atlas\u2013compatible formats.<\/li>\n<li>Publish the first <strong>Language Equity Scorecard<\/strong> and budget\u2011tagging report.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>5) Guardrails and Ethics<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Child safeguarding and consent<\/strong> in all recordings and broadcasts; align with IDIL\u2019s community\u2011ownership ethos and privacy norms.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Non\u2011extractive documentation:<\/strong> Communities retain IP; schools\/archives hold <strong>use licences<\/strong>, not ownership.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Additive bilingualism:<\/strong> L1 foundations enriched with high\u2011quality bridges to L2\/L3, preservation <strong>and<\/strong> (Avoid subtractive shifts that accelerate L1 loss.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>6) Success Signals (what \u201ccivilisational renewal\u201d<a href=\"#_edn15\" name=\"_ednref15\">[15]<\/a> looks like for children)<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Identity and dignity:<\/strong> Children confidently present, debate, and create in L1 <strong>and<\/strong> L2; measurable declines in reported L1 stigma in schools.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Vitality curve bending upward:<\/strong> More child speakers, more child\u2011produced content, and <strong>routine L1 use in public services<\/strong>; improved atlas vitality descriptors for target languages.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Cognitive\u2013affective outcomes:<\/strong> Richer vocabulary and narrative skills in L1 feeding stronger L2 performance and social\u2013emotional learning, a pattern consistent with the affective depth of L1 usage.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>7) A universal call, anchored in leaders\u2019 words<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u201cChildren of today will make the \u2026 tomorrow.\u201d<\/strong> The way we raise and educate them charts a nation\u2019s future.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u201cOur children are the rock on which our future will be built.\u201d<\/strong> A child\u2011first language policy is, therefore, a nation\u2011building policy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><strong> The Mandela\u2013Ubuntu\u2013Language Interactivity<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>2.1 Mandela\u2019s Linguistic Praxis: From Head to Heart<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>A widely circulated aphorism attributes to Nelson Mandela the maxim: \u201cIf you talk to a man in a language he understands, that goes to his head. If you talk to him in his own language, that goes to his heart.\u201d While the\u00a0<em>spirit<\/em>\u00a0is faithful to his practice, scholars have noted that the exact phrasing is likely a later paraphrase of Mandela\u2019s 1992 discussion with Richard Stengel <a href=\"#_edn16\" name=\"_ednref16\">[16]<\/a>about speaking\u00a0<strong>Afrikaans<\/strong>\u00a0to Afrikaner warders:\u00a0<em>\u201cwhen you speak Afrikaans, you go straight to their hearts.\u201d<\/em>\u00a0The\u00a0<strong>ethos<\/strong>, speaking an interlocutor\u2019s language as\u00a0<strong>moral persuasion and psychological disarmament<\/strong>, remains historically grounded.<\/p>\n<p>Mandela\u2019s multilingual outreach\u00a0<strong>softened adversarial postures<\/strong>, acknowledged personhood, and repositioned negotiation from confrontation to conversation. In praxis terms,\u00a0<strong>multilingualism<\/strong>\u00a0became a\u00a0<strong>peace strategy<\/strong>, not a performance: address guards in Afrikaans; affirm Black South Africans in isiXhosa\/isiZulu\/Sesotho\/Setswana; and model a\u00a0<strong>dignity-first<\/strong>\u00a0approach to reconciliation.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2.2 Ubuntu as Linguistic Ethic<a href=\"#_edn17\" name=\"_ednref17\">[17]<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Ubuntu<\/strong>\u00a0is a\u00a0<strong>relational ethic<\/strong>\u00a0and a\u00a0<strong>linguistic worldview<\/strong>. The proverb\u00a0<strong><em>umuntu ngumuntu ngabantu<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0captures that\u00a0<strong>personhood is co-authored<\/strong>. Ubuntu orients speakers toward\u00a0<strong>courtesy, mutuality, and restorative intent<\/strong>, transforming speech into a\u00a0<strong>moral act<\/strong>\u00a0that seeks harmony and reintegration rather than alienation or punishment. Linguistic and philosophical treatments trace the term and its cognates across Bantu languages, showing historical depth and semantic evolution from Proto-Bantu roots, reinforcing that Ubuntu is not a slogan but a\u00a0<strong>civilisational grammar<\/strong>\u00a0of being.<\/p>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li><strong> Philosophical Grounding: Recognition, Dignity, Identity<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Recognition<\/strong>: To address a person\u00a0<strong>in their language<\/strong>is to say\u00a0<em>\u201cI see you\u201d<\/em>, to acknowledge their symbolic world. This is the\u00a0<strong>first condition of peace<\/strong>, because invisibility breeds grievance. Ubuntu codifies recognition as a shared moral.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Dignity<\/strong>: The right to speak, learn, and be served in one\u2019s language is bound to\u00a0<strong>material dignity<\/strong>in South African constitutional thought, <strong>parity of esteem<\/strong>\u00a0and\u00a0<strong>equitable treatment<\/strong>, and to global cultural rights discourses.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Identity<\/strong>: Languages store ancestry, metaphors, moral archetypes, prayer, and grief. The\u00a0<strong>loss of a language<\/strong>is a\u00a0<strong>loss of identity infrastructure<\/strong>, hence UNESCO\u2019s global decade for indigenous languages.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>These pillars, <strong>recognition \u2192 dignity \u2192 identity<\/strong>, comprise a\u00a0<strong>triadic architecture of peace<\/strong>\u00a0that is interculturally resonant yet locally actionable.<\/p>\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<li><strong> Sociolinguistic and Neurocognitive Validation<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>4.1 Emotional Resonance: Native vs. Foreign Languages<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>A robust literature demonstrates that\u00a0<strong>native (L1) languages elicit stronger emotional reactivity<\/strong>\u00a0than foreign (L2) languages:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Psychophysiology<\/strong>: Turkish\u2013English bilinguals show\u00a0<strong>greater skin-conductance responses<\/strong>to taboo words and childhood reprimands in L1 than L2, objective evidence that\u00a0<strong>L1 is more affectively charged<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Survey and usage data<\/strong>: Across &gt;1,000 multilinguals, the\u00a0<strong>emotional force of taboo words<\/strong>is rated\u00a0<strong>highest in L1<\/strong>\u00a0and decreases with later\u2011learned languages; naturalistic acquisition amplifies emotionality relative to classroom learning.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Reviews and applications<\/strong>: Reviews synthesize that\u00a0<strong>affective processing is typically weaker in L2<\/strong>, with implications for\u00a0<strong>decision\u2011making, forensic interviewing, and persuasion<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>4.2 Moral Judgment and Decision\u2011Making: The Foreign\u2011Language Effect (FLE)<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Seminal finding<\/strong>: Using a foreign language\u00a0<strong>reduces framing biases<\/strong>and\u00a0<strong>loss aversion<\/strong>, consistent with\u00a0<strong>emotional distancing<\/strong>\u00a0that promotes more analytic processing.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Meta\u2011analysis<\/strong>: Aggregated evidence shows that foreign\u2011language contexts\u00a0<strong>increase utilitarian choices<\/strong>in moral dilemmas and\u00a0<strong>reduce risk aversion<\/strong>; similarity between L1\u2013L2 moderates effect sizes.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Recent clarifications<\/strong>: Newer studies nuance FLE by highlighting impacts on\u00a0<strong>metacognition<\/strong>(lower \u201cfeeling\u2011of\u2011rightness,\u201d longer decision times) even when headline moral choices don\u2019t always shift, useful for designing\u00a0<strong>deliberative peace dialogues<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Implication for peace processes<\/strong>: Negotiations\u00a0<strong>only<\/strong>\u00a0in a colonial or third language may\u00a0<strong>attenuate emotional authenticity<\/strong>\u00a0and\u00a0<strong>trust formation<\/strong>; strategically\u00a0<strong>including heritage languages<\/strong>\u00a0can heighten\u00a0<strong>empathic engagement<\/strong>, confession, and reconciliation, precisely the\u00a0<strong>\u201cheart\u201d<\/strong>\u00a0Mandela targeted in practice.<\/p>\n<ol start=\"5\">\n<li><strong> Mandela\u2019s Language Ethos Revisited<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Mandela\u2019s method had four synergistic layers:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Healing<\/strong>(address trauma with linguistic acknowledgement).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Fear\u2011dismantling<\/strong>(use the out\u2011group\u2019s language to neutralise threat perception).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Power realignment<\/strong>(shift from adversarial distance \u2192 dialogic proximity).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Peace diplomacy<\/strong>(language as credible signal of respect and intent).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>The underlying principle is\u00a0<strong>multilingualism as moral action<\/strong>, not mere technique, an ethos consistent with Ubuntu\u2019s relational grammar.<\/p>\n<ol start=\"6\">\n<li><strong> Policy and Rights Framework: From Ethos to Institutions<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Constitutional anchors<\/strong>: Section 6 recognises 11 official languages and imposes duties on the state to\u00a0<strong>elevate indigenous languages<\/strong>; subsequent policy instruments operationalise parity and equitable access across departments.gov+1<\/li>\n<li><strong>Jurisprudence and practice<\/strong>: Scholarly analyses document\u00a0<strong>tensions between ideal and implementation<\/strong>, noting drift toward English in higher domains and the need for\u00a0<strong>positive state action<\/strong>to achieve\u00a0<strong>substantive equality<\/strong>\u00a0for linguistic communities.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Global mandate<\/strong>: The\u00a0<strong>International Decade of Indigenous Languages (2022\u20132032)<\/strong>mobilises states and civil society to preserve, revitalise, and promote linguistic diversity; the\u00a0<strong>UNESCO World Atlas of Languages<\/strong>\u00a0provides a living infrastructure for data and monitoring.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"7\">\n<li><strong> Ubuntu as Linguistic Praxis in Diverse Societies<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Ubuntu reframes speech acts as\u00a0<strong>co\u2011creation of social harmony<\/strong>. In plural polities, this yields practical commitments:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Service delivery<\/strong>: Provide\u00a0<strong>frontline services<\/strong>in dominant local languages and\u00a0<strong>accessible translation<\/strong>, reducing institutional alienation.gov<\/li>\n<li><strong>Education<\/strong>: Strengthen\u00a0<strong>mother\u2011tongue instruction<\/strong>in early grades with bridges to additional lingua francas; this aligns with dignity, identity, and learning outcomes argued in local and comparative policy reviews.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Justice and reconciliation<\/strong>: Embed\u00a0<strong>language rights<\/strong>in restorative processes, honouring the\u00a0<strong>affective truth<\/strong>\u00a0that victims and perpetrators can express\u00a0<strong>more fully in L1<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"8\">\n<li><strong> Epigraph \/ Epilogue<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>\u201cLanguages are the rivers of human memory; when a river dries, a civilisation forgets how to feel.\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This trilogy honours language as\u00a0<strong>the lifeblood of recognition, dignity, and identity<\/strong>, and thus as\u00a0<strong>the architecture of peace<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<ol start=\"9\">\n<li><strong> Call to Action: Preventing Further Degradation and Advancing\u00a0SPERL<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>SPERL , \u00a0Saving, Protecting, Empowering, Reviving Languages<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>9.1 Saving<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Document<\/strong>endangered languages (audio corpora, dictionaries, grammars) and deposit open collections (e.g.,\u00a0<strong>ELDP\/ELAR<\/strong>, UNESCO WAL).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>9.2 Protecting<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Enforce\u00a0<strong>constitutional parity and equitable treatment<\/strong>in public communications; audit departmental compliance with the\u00a0<strong>Official Use of Languages Act<\/strong>.gov<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>9.3 Empowering<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Fund\u00a0<strong>community media<\/strong>,\u00a0<strong>mother\u2011tongue literacy<\/strong>, and\u00a0<strong>intergenerational storytelling<\/strong>projects; harness\u00a0<strong>Ubuntu proverbs<\/strong>\u00a0as civic pedagogy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>9.4 Reviving<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Align with the\u00a0<strong>UN International Decade of Indigenous Languages (2022\u20132032)<\/strong>to access global guidance, partnerships, and reporting frameworks; address the sobering projections that\u00a0<strong>50\u201390% of languages risk endangerment by 2100<\/strong>\u00a0without concerted action.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"10\">\n<li><strong> Take\u2011Home Message<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>The Philosophical and Sociolinguistic Exploration<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Language as Recognition<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>To speak someone\u2019s language is to say:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><em>\u201cI see you.\u201d<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><em>\u201cYour culture has value.\u201d<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><em>\u201cYour identity deserves space.\u201d<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Recognition is the first prerequisite for peace.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Language as Dignity<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Dignity arises from:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>being heard,<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>being understood,<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>being allowed to express oneself in one\u2019s authentic voice.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Stripping language is stripping dignity; restoring language is restoring humanity.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Language as Identity<\/p>\n<p><strong>Every language encodes:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>metaphors of moral behaviour,<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>cosmologies,<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>kinship structures,<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>spiritual interpretations of life and death.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Thus, language is identity in audible form.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Language\u00a0<em>is<\/em>\u00a0peace.<\/strong><br \/>\nTo\u00a0<strong>preserve language<\/strong>\u00a0is to\u00a0<strong>preserve dignity<\/strong>; to\u00a0<strong>respect language<\/strong>\u00a0is to\u00a0<strong>respect identity<\/strong>; to\u00a0<strong>revive language<\/strong>\u00a0is to\u00a0<strong>revive humanity<\/strong>. Ubuntu and Mandela\u2019s praxis converge on this truth.<\/p>\n<ol start=\"11\">\n<li><strong> Conclusion: The Intellectual Hinge<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Part 2 demonstrates that\u00a0<strong>language<\/strong>\u00a0is the\u00a0<strong>hinge<\/strong>\u00a0of your Trilogy: the bridge from\u00a0<strong>heritage and identity<\/strong>\u00a0(Part 1) to\u00a0<strong>applied peace and African humanism<\/strong>\u00a0(Part 3). Empirically (psychophysiology, decision science), normatively (Constitution\/rights), and philosophically (Ubuntu),\u00a0<strong>linguistic choice<\/strong>\u00a0is a\u00a0<strong>peace intervention<\/strong>. The next movement (Part 3) should convert this architecture into\u00a0<strong>operational guidelines<\/strong>,\u00a0<strong>dialogue protocols<\/strong>, and\u00a0<strong>training<\/strong>\u00a0for peace practitioners, <strong>with languages as core design variables<\/strong>, not afterthoughts.<\/p>\n<ol start=\"12\">\n<li><strong> The Bottom Line (for Diverse Communities, Nationally and Globally)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Multilingual equity<\/strong>is\u00a0<strong>human rights in action<\/strong>.gov<\/li>\n<li><strong>Heritage languages<\/strong>are\u00a0<strong>public goods<\/strong>; their loss is a\u00a0<strong>societal harm<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ubuntu\u2011guided speech<\/strong>operationalises\u00a0<strong>recognition \u2192 dignity \u2192 identity<\/strong>, the\u00a0<strong>triad of peace<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The protection of endangered languages is an odyssey toward a multilingual future in which <strong>rights, resources, and rituals<\/strong> move in concert, and where communities are held together by the most human of bonds: language that speaks to the heart without forsaking the mind.<\/p>\n<p>The author has written extensively about Peace Propagation and formulated the concept of Endogenous<a href=\"#_edn18\" name=\"_ednref18\">[18]<\/a> and Exogenous Peace<a href=\"#_edn19\" name=\"_ednref19\">[19]<\/a> as well as proposed new theories about propagative peace.<a href=\"#_edn20\" name=\"_ednref20\">[20]<\/a>,<a href=\"#_edn21\" name=\"_ednref21\">[21]<\/a>,<a href=\"#_edn22\" name=\"_ednref22\">[22]<\/a>, <a href=\"#_edn23\" name=\"_ednref23\">[23]<\/a>, <a href=\"#_edn24\" name=\"_ednref24\">[24]<\/a>. He has also incorporated the uniquely South African concept of Ubuntu Peace philosophy, the Vawdaian peace theory and the Emeritus, late Professor Johan Galtung\u2019s peace presentations to counteract global belligerism <a href=\"#_edn25\" name=\"_ednref25\">[25]<\/a> across continents, by peace disrupting governments, in recent months. The author has concertedly attempted to embark on this project as a Peace Protagonists,<a href=\"#_edn26\" name=\"_ednref26\">[26]<\/a> Human aggression comes from biophotonic<a href=\"#_edn27\" name=\"_ednref27\">[27]<\/a> disruption and reptilian-brain dominance. <strong>The Human Proclivity towards Peace, underlines the neuro-psychological evolution of the human consciousness itself.<a href=\"#_edn28\" name=\"_ednref28\">[28]<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Mandela\u2019s Language Ethos<a href=\"#_edn29\" name=\"_ednref29\">[29]<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Mandela understood that language is:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>An instrument of healing<\/li>\n<li>Speaking Afrikaans to Afrikaner guards softened hardened attitudes.<\/li>\n<li>An instrument of dismantling fear<\/li>\n<li>Using isiXhosa, isiZulu, Sesotho, or Setswana affirmed the worth of Black South Africans.<\/li>\n<li>An instrument of psychological realignment<\/li>\n<li>Language shifts power dynamics from confrontation \u2192 conversation.<\/li>\n<li>An instrument of peace diplomacy<\/li>\n<li>Mandela used language to turn adversaries into partners.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Mandela\u2019s Legacy Approach<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Multilingualism as moral action.<\/li>\n<li>Language as humanisation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div id=\"attachment_314150\" style=\"width: 410px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/2COMBO-SPERL-2.jpeg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-314150\" class=\"wp-image-314150\" src=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/2COMBO-SPERL-2-705x1024.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"581\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/2COMBO-SPERL-2-705x1024.jpeg 705w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/2COMBO-SPERL-2-207x300.jpeg 207w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/2COMBO-SPERL-2-768x1116.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/2COMBO-SPERL-2.jpeg 906w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-314150\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Society for the Preservation of Extinct and Rare Languages ensuring sustained peace<br \/>Photo Top: A graphic highlighting the Preservation of Rare, Indian Languages from extinction, to enhance, Social Cohesion and Peace Propagation, at the level of diverse multi-traditional and multi-religious societies, as evident in Motherland, India and in the global diaspora, including South Africa.<br \/>SPERL encapsulation\u00a0featuring:<br \/>Hindi\u00a0, Vedantic\/Hindu temple architecture motif<br \/>Telugu\u00a0, a\u00a0Ramayana\u00a0panel to represent classical narrative heritage<br \/>Urdu\u00a0, the\u00a0Taj Mahal\u00a0as an emblem of Indo\u2011Islamic art and poetry<br \/>Gujarati\u00a0, a bold\u00a0\u0100um (Om) glyph\u00a0and ornate patterning inspired by Gujarati design traditions<br \/>Photo Bottom: Quotes from authors and Poets in Indigenous language under threat of extinction.<br \/>Original Photographs Conceptualised by Mrs V. Vawda, March 2026<\/p><\/div>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>A) Valmiki\u2019s<a href=\"#_edn30\" name=\"_ednref30\">[30]<\/a> Ramayana,<a href=\"#_edn31\" name=\"_ednref31\">[31]<\/a>,<a href=\"#_edn32\" name=\"_ednref32\">[32]<\/a>,<a href=\"#_edn33\" name=\"_ednref33\">[33]<\/a> Speech, Memory, and Gentle Language<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>1) On the heart\u2011healing power of remembered words<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Sanskrit<a href=\"#_edn34\" name=\"_ednref34\">[34]<\/a> (Devan\u0101gar\u012b):<\/strong><br \/>\n\u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0930\u093e\u092e\u094d\u092f\u0938\u094d\u092f \u0935\u093e\u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0923\u093f \u092e\u0927\u0941\u0930\u093e\u0923\u093f \u091a \u0964<br \/>\n\u0939\u0943\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u092e\u0943\u0924\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0928\u093f \u092e\u0928\u0903 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0939\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0926\u093e\u0928\u093f \u091a \u0965 <strong>\u0969\u2013<\/strong><strong>\u0967\u096c\u2013<\/strong><strong>\u0969\u096f<\/strong> \u0965<br \/>\n<strong>IAST:<\/strong> <em>sa\u1e43smar\u0101my asya v\u0101ky\u0101ni priy\u0101\u1e47i madhur\u0101\u1e47i ca | h\u1e5bdy\u0101ny am\u1e5bta\u2011kalp\u0101ni mana\u1e25 prahl\u0101d\u0101ni ca || 3.16.39 ||<\/em><br \/>\n<strong>Sense:<\/strong> \u201cI recall those words, dear and sweet, heart\u2011pleasing, nectar\u2011like, gladdening the mind.\u201d <a href=\"#_edn35\" name=\"_ednref35\">[35]<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>2) On ethical speech (soft vs. truthful yet \u2018unwelcome\u2019 counsel)<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Sanskrit (Devan\u0101gar\u012b):<\/strong><br \/>\n\u0938\u0941\u0932\u092d\u093e\u0903 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0937\u093e \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u094d \u0938\u0924\u0924\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0935\u093e\u0926\u093f\u0928\u0903 \u0964<br \/>\n\u0905\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0938\u094d\u092f \u0924\u0941 \u092a\u0925\u094d\u092f\u0938\u094d\u092f \u0935\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0936\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924\u093e \u091a \u0926\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0932\u092d\u0903 \u0965<br \/>\n<strong>IAST:<\/strong> <em>sulabh\u0101\u1e25 puru\u1e63\u0101 r\u0101jan satata\u1e43 priyav\u0101dina\u1e25 | apriyasya tu pathyasya vakt\u0101 \u015brot\u0101 ca durlabha\u1e25 ||<\/em><br \/>\n<strong>Sense:<\/strong> \u201cO King, speakers of pleasing words are common; but rare are those who <strong>speak<\/strong> and those who <strong>hear<\/strong> the beneficial truth that may be unwelcome.\u201d <a href=\"#_edn36\" name=\"_ednref36\">[36]<\/a><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>B) Bahadur Shah Zafar (1775\u20131862)<a href=\"#_edn37\" name=\"_ednref37\">[37]<\/a>, Exile, Loss, and Cultural Memory (Urdu)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Opening couplet (matla\u02bf) from the celebrated ghazal:<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Urdu (Nasta\u02bfl\u012bq):<\/strong><br \/>\n\u0644\u06af\u062a\u0627 \u0646\u06c1\u06cc\u06ba \u06c1\u06d2 \u062f\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0627 \u0627\u064f\u062c\u0691\u06d2 \u062f\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba<br \/>\n\u06a9\u0633 \u06a9\u06cc \u0628\u0646\u06cc \u06c1\u06d2 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0650 \u0646\u0627\u067e\u0627\u0626\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba<br \/>\n<strong>Transliteration:<\/strong> <em>lagt\u0101 nah\u012bn hai dil mer\u0101 uj\u1e5be diy\u0101r me\u00f1 \/ kis k\u012b ban\u012b hai \u02bf\u0101lam\u2011e n\u0101\u2011p\u0101yd\u0101r me\u00f1<\/em><br \/>\n<strong>Sense:<\/strong> \u201cMy heart finds no rest in this ravaged homeland; who has ever found permanence in a transient world?\u201d<a href=\"#_edn38\" name=\"_ednref38\">[38]<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Closing couplet (maqta\u02bf):<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Urdu (Nasta\u02bfl\u012bq):<\/strong><br \/>\n\u06a9\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2 \u0628\u062f \u0646\u0635\u06cc\u0628 \u2018\u0638\u0641\u0631\u2019 \u062f\u0641\u0646 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0644\u0626\u06d2<br \/>\n\u062f\u0648 \u06af\u0632 \u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u06be\u06cc \u0646\u06c1 \u0645\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0648\u0626\u06d2 \u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba<br \/>\n<strong>Transliteration:<\/strong> <em>kitn\u0101 hai bad\u2011nas\u012bb \u2018Zafar\u2019, dafn ke liye \/ do gaz zam\u012bn bh\u012b na mil\u012b k\u016b\u2011e\u2011y\u0101r me\u00f1<\/em><br \/>\n<strong>Sense:<\/strong> \u201cHow ill\u2011fated is \u2018Zafar\u2019: not even two yards of earth to be buried in the beloved\u2019s lane.\u201d <a href=\"#_edn39\" name=\"_ednref39\">[39]<\/a><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>C) M\u012br Taq\u012b M\u012br (1723\u20131810), <a href=\"#_edn40\" name=\"_ednref40\">[40]<\/a><\/strong><strong> Delhi as Language\u2013Civilisation<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Elegy for a ruined city:<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Urdu (Nasta\u02bfl\u012bq):<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\u062f\u06c1\u0644\u06cc<\/strong><strong> \u062c\u0648<\/strong><strong> \u0627\u06cc\u06a9<\/strong><strong> \u0634\u06c1\u0631<\/strong><strong> \u062a\u06be\u0627<\/strong><strong> \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645<\/strong><strong> \u0645\u06cc\u06ba<\/strong><strong> \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\u0631\u06c1\u062a\u06d2<\/strong><strong> \u062a\u06be\u06d2<\/strong><strong> \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0628<\/strong><strong> \u06c1\u06cc<\/strong><strong> \u062c\u06c1\u0627\u06ba<\/strong><strong> \u0631\u0648\u0632\u06af\u0627\u0631<\/strong><strong> \u06a9\u06d2<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\u0627\u0633<\/strong><strong> \u06a9\u0648<\/strong><strong> \u0641\u0644\u06a9<\/strong><strong> \u0646\u06d2<\/strong><strong> \u0644\u064f\u0648\u0679<\/strong><strong> \u06a9\u06d2<\/strong><strong> \u0648\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u06ba<\/strong><strong> \u06a9\u0631<\/strong><strong> \u062f\u06cc\u0627<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\u06c1\u0645<\/strong><strong> \u0631\u06c1\u0646\u06d2<\/strong><strong> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u06d2<\/strong><strong> \u06c1\u06cc\u06ba<\/strong><strong> \u0627\u0633\u06cc<\/strong><strong> \u0627\u064f\u062c\u0691\u06d2<\/strong><strong> \u062f\u06cc\u0627\u0631<\/strong><strong> \u06a9\u06d2<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Transliteration:<\/strong> <em>dill\u012b jo ek shahr th\u0101 \u02bf\u0101lam me\u00f1 intikh\u0101b \/ rehte the munta\u1e33hab h\u012b jah\u0101\u00f1 rozg\u0101r ke \/ us ko falak ne l\u016b\u1e6d ke v\u012br\u0101n kar diy\u0101 \/ ham rahne v\u0101le hai\u00f1 us\u012b uj\u1e5be diy\u0101r ke<\/em><br \/>\n<strong>Sense:<\/strong> \u201cDelhi, once a city chosen of the world, home to the most select livelihoods, has been despoiled by fate; we dwell in that very ruined land.\u201d <a href=\"#_edn41\" name=\"_ednref41\"><em><strong>[41]<\/strong><\/em><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>On Delhi\u2019s streets as living art:<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Urdu (Nasta\u02bfl\u012bq):<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\u062f\u0644\u0651\u06cc<\/strong><strong> \u06a9\u06d2<\/strong><strong> \u0646\u06c1<\/strong><strong> \u062a\u06be\u06d2<\/strong><strong> \u06a9\u0648\u0686\u06d2<\/strong><strong> \u0627\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0650<\/strong><strong> \u0645\u0635\u0648\u0631<\/strong><strong> \u062a\u06be\u06d2<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\u062c\u0648<\/strong><strong> \u0634\u06a9\u0644<\/strong><strong> \u0646\u0638\u0631<\/strong><strong> \u0622\u0626\u06cc<\/strong><strong> \u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631<\/strong><strong> \u0646\u0638\u0631<\/strong><strong> \u0622\u0626\u06cc<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Transliteration:<\/strong> <em>dill\u012b ke na the k\u016bche aur\u0101q\u2011e mu\u1e63avvir the \/ jo shakal nazar \u0101\u02be\u012b ta\u1e63v\u012br nazar \u0101\u02be\u012b<\/em><br \/>\n<a href=\"#_edn42\" name=\"_ednref42\"><strong>[42]<\/strong><\/a><strong>Sense:<\/strong> \u201cThe lanes of Delhi were pages from an illuminated album; every visage appeared a portrait.\u201d<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>D) Ghalib, 1797\u20131869), <a href=\"#_edn43\" name=\"_ednref43\">[43]<\/a><\/strong><strong>Plural Voices, Distinct Styles<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Urdu (Nasta\u02bfl\u012bq):<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\u06c1\u06cc\u06ba<\/strong><strong> \u0627\u0648\u0631<\/strong><strong> \u0628\u06be\u06cc<\/strong><strong> \u062f\u0646\u06cc\u0627<\/strong><strong> \u0645\u06cc\u06ba<\/strong><strong> \u0633\u062e\u0646<\/strong><strong> \u0648\u0631<\/strong><strong> \u0628\u06c1\u062a<\/strong><strong> \u0627\u0686\u06be\u0651\u06d2<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\u06a9\u06c1\u062a\u06d2<\/strong><strong> \u06c1\u06cc\u06ba<\/strong><strong> \u06a9\u06c1<\/strong><strong> \u2018\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628<\/strong><strong>\u2019 \u06a9\u0627<\/strong><strong> \u06c1\u06d2<\/strong><strong> \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0650<\/strong><strong> \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u06ba<\/strong><strong> \u0627\u0648\u0631<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Transliteration:<\/strong> <em>hai\u00f1 aur bh\u012b duniy\u0101 me\u00f1 su\u1e33han\u2011var bahut achchhe \/ kahte hai\u00f1 ki \u2018Gh\u0101lib\u2019 k\u0101 hai and\u0101z\u2011e bay\u0101n aur<\/em><a href=\"#_edn44\" name=\"_ednref44\">[44]<\/a><br \/>\n<strong>Sense:<\/strong> \u201cThere are many fine poets in the world; they say Ghalib\u2019s manner of expression is yet another kind.\u201d<br \/>\n<em>To celebrate plurality of voices and styles in preservation work.)<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Emotional Resonance Curve illustrating differential affective, cognitive, and autonomic responses to native (L1) versus later\u2011learned (L2+) languages.<a href=\"#_edn45\" name=\"_ednref45\">[45]<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This figure below, models the well\u2011documented decline in <strong>emotional resonance<\/strong> as linguistic processing shifts from an individual\u2019s first language (L1) to foreign or later\u2011acquired languages (L2+). Experimental research across psycholinguistics and affective neuroscience demonstrates that L1 is associated with <strong>stronger physiological arousal<\/strong>, including elevated <strong>skin\u2011conductance responses<\/strong> to emotionally salient words, reprimands, or moral dilemmas compared with L2+ processing. Large multilingual surveys similarly reveal that the <strong>subjective emotional intensity<\/strong> of lexical items decreases systematically as one moves farther from the native language, particularly for languages acquired through formal instruction rather than immersion.<\/p>\n<p>On the rightward slope, the curve reflects the <strong>Foreign\u2011Language Effect<\/strong>, in which processing information in a non\u2011native language increases psychological distance, reduces emotional reactivity, and promotes more utilitarian or analytically driven judgments. Meta\u2011analytic findings confirm that reduced emotional embodiment in L2+ contexts is robust across domains, including moral reasoning and risk\u2011based decision\u2011making. Consequently, the horizontal axis (\u201cCognitive Distance\u201d) captures the widening gap between conceptual processing and embodied affect as speakers move from L1 to L2+, while the vertical axis (\u201cEmotional Responses\u201d) represents the composite of autonomic reactivity, emotional vividness, and affective engagement.<\/p>\n<p>The curve has direct implications for <strong>language revitalisation, pedagogy, and peace\u2011building<\/strong>. Because L1 processing engages deeper emotional circuitry and autobiographical memory, communication in native and heritage languages strengthens interpersonal trust, moral salience, cultural identity, and community cohesion. Conversely, reliance on L2+ alone can unintentionally attenuate the emotional force of communication, with consequences for counselling, mediation, early\u2011childhood instruction, and intergenerational transmission. The Emotional Resonance Curve therefore underscores the need to protect and revitalise L1 environments to preserve not only linguistic diversity but also the <strong>affective architecture of human cognition<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_314151\" style=\"width: 610px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/3EMOTIONAL-RESOMNNCE-CURVE-2.jpeg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-314151\" class=\"wp-image-314151\" src=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/3EMOTIONAL-RESOMNNCE-CURVE-2-1024x683.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/3EMOTIONAL-RESOMNNCE-CURVE-2-1024x683.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/3EMOTIONAL-RESOMNNCE-CURVE-2-300x200.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/3EMOTIONAL-RESOMNNCE-CURVE-2-768x512.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/3EMOTIONAL-RESOMNNCE-CURVE-2.jpeg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-314151\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Emotional Resonance Curve.<br \/>A scientific confirmation of addressing a person in L1 (mother tongue)or L2 (Foreign or secondarily learnt) languages, based on autonomic neuro-physio-psychology.<br \/>Original Graphic Conceptualised by Mrs V. Vawda March 2026<\/p><\/div>\n<p><strong>Policy Levers for Linguistic Equity and the SPERL Framework: An Integrated Model for Strengthening Linguistic Justice and Supporting Endangered Languages<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This synthesises the <strong>multi\u2011layered policy architecture<\/strong> required to advance linguistic equity in South Africa by aligning <strong>constitutional mandates<\/strong>, <strong>departmental implementation mechanisms<\/strong>, and the <strong>SPERL<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_edn46\" name=\"_ednref46\">[46]<\/a> framework<\/strong>, Saving, Protecting, Empowering, Reviving Languages. At the upper tier, the figure highlights two overarching imperatives: <strong>Strengthening Linguistic Justice<\/strong>, which arises directly from constitutional commitments to promote and elevate historically marginalised indigenous languages, and <strong>Supporting Endangered Languages<\/strong>, reflecting the global urgency articulated through UNESCO\u2019s International Decade of Indigenous Languages (2022\u20132032). These principles are grounded in statutory obligations such as the <strong>Official Use of Languages Act (2012)<\/strong>, which requires government departments to adopt language policies, establish language units, and ensure equitable multilingual communication. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.za\/sites\/default\/files\/gcis_document\/201612\/40464gon1486.pdf\" >[gov.za]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>The second-tier foregrounds <strong>Constitutional and Statutory Mandates<\/strong>, encompassing foundational duties under <strong>Section 6<\/strong> of the South African Constitution,<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_edn47\" name=\"_ednref47\">[47]<\/a> including parity of esteem, proactive development of indigenous languages, and non\u2011discrimination in language use. These mandates also extend to the protection of cultural rights, as language constitutes a core element of cultural heritage and identity within constitutional jurisprudence. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.justice.gov.za\/constitution\/history\/REPORTS\/tc4-LANGUAGE.PDF\" >[justice.gov.za]<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/pmg.org.za\/files\/docs\/120118afrikanerbond.pdf\" >[pmg.org.za]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>The third tier presents <strong>Departmental Implementation Levers<\/strong>, representing the operational machinery through which national and provincial entities fulfil constitutional obligations. These include multilingual service delivery, translation and interpretation in public services, and compliance monitoring by departmental language units. Academic and policy analyses underline persistent gaps between legal provisions and real\u2011world implementation, particularly the gradual privileging of English at the expense of indigenous languages, underscoring the need for systematic institutional enforcement. <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/uwcscholar.uwc.ac.za:8443\/server\/api\/core\/bitstreams\/54dd3efd-eede-4a3a-93cd-0a9af3df8f81\/content\" >[uwcscholar.uwc.ac.za]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>The fourth tier highlights <strong>Educational Policy Levers<\/strong>, emphasising the constitutional right to education in one\u2019s language of choice where practicable, the pedagogical value of mother\u2011tongue instruction, and the need to prevent unjustified removal of indigenous-language tuition. Constitutional Court rulings and linguistic\u2011rights research note that while policies support multilingual education, institutional drift toward English medium instruction continues to undermine substantive linguistic equality. <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/zenodo.org\/records\/3760250\/files\/yakpo_2000_language-rights-south-africa.pdf\" >[zenodo.org]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>At the foundation lies the <strong>SPERL Framework<\/strong>, which systematises language preservation into four interlocking domains: <strong>Saving<\/strong> (documentation and archiving of languages, aligned with UNESCO\u2019s World Atlas of Languages), <strong>Protecting<\/strong> (legal safeguards and oversight mechanisms), <strong>Empowering<\/strong> (community-led revitalisation, teacher training, and public-language access), and <strong>Reviving<\/strong> (revalorisation of languages through curricula, arts, and digital inclusion). These categories map directly onto global strategies for revitalising endangered languages and resonate with UNESCO\u2019s call for international coordination, capacity building, and digital infrastructure development. <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.unesco.org\/en\/decades\/indigenous-languages\" >[unesco.org]<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/unesdoc.unesco.org\/ark:\/48223\/pf0000380132.locale=en\" >[unesdoc.unesco.org]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Overall, the infographic visually articulates a <strong>coherent, multi\u2011scalar policy ecosystem<\/strong>, illustrating how constitutional principles cascade into departmental responsibilities and community-level action. By integrating national legal frameworks with international preservation standards, the model provides a robust foundation for strengthening linguistic justice and ensuring the survival, dignity, and flourishing of South Africa\u2019s indigenous languages.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Table 1: Policy Levers: From Constitutional Mandates to Departmental Policies, with SPERL Alignment<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"128\"><strong>Policy Lever<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"157\"><strong>Description \/ Requirements<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"142\"><strong>Constitutional or Institutional Basis<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"144\"><strong>SPERL Alignment<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"128\"><strong>1. Constitutional Recognition of 11 Official Languages<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"157\">The Constitution recognises 11 official languages and requires the state to <em>take practical and positive measures<\/em> to elevate and advance the use of historically marginalised indigenous languages.<\/td>\n<td width=\"142\">South African Constitution, s.6; Official Use of Languages Act 2012 <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.za\/sites\/default\/files\/gcis_document\/201612\/40464gon1486.pdf\" >[gov.za]<\/a><\/td>\n<td width=\"144\"><strong>Protecting \/ Reviving<\/strong>, \u00a0ensures foundational legal recognition and prevents symbolic erasure.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"128\"><strong>2. Duty to Communicate in Languages of Choice (Where Practicable)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"157\">Government departments must communicate in at least three official languages and provide access to additional languages where feasible.<\/td>\n<td width=\"142\">Official Use of Languages Act; CBE Language Policy; Constitutional language\u2011rights provisions <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.za\/sites\/default\/files\/gcis_document\/201612\/40464gon1486.pdf\" >[gov.za]<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.justice.gov.za\/constitution\/history\/REPORTS\/tc4-LANGUAGE.PDF\" >[justice.gov.za]<\/a><\/td>\n<td width=\"144\"><strong>Empowering \/ Protecting<\/strong>, \u00a0enables linguistic dignity in state\u2013citizen encounters.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"128\"><strong>3. Creation and Enforcement of Departmental Language Policies<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"157\">Each national department must adopt a language policy and establish a Language Unit to monitor compliance, promote multilingualism, and ensure equitable language use.<\/td>\n<td width=\"142\">Official Use of Languages Act (2012); Departmental policy instruments (e.g., CBE Policy) <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.za\/sites\/default\/files\/gcis_document\/201612\/40464gon1486.pdf\" >[gov.za]<\/a><\/td>\n<td width=\"144\"><strong>Saving \/ Protecting<\/strong>, \u00a0institutionalises practices that safeguard language use.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"128\"><strong>4. Parity of Esteem and Equitable Treatment<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"157\">All official languages must enjoy equal status; the state may not privilege English at the expense of indigenous languages.<\/td>\n<td width=\"142\">Constitutional obligations under s.6; jurisprudence emphasising substantive equality for minority languages <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/uwcscholar.uwc.ac.za:8443\/server\/api\/core\/bitstreams\/54dd3efd-eede-4a3a-93cd-0a9af3df8f81\/content\" >[uwcscholar.uwc.ac.za]<\/a><\/td>\n<td width=\"144\"><strong>Protecting \/ Reviving<\/strong>, \u00a0combats linguistic marginalisation and hierarchical erosion.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"128\"><strong>5. Mother\u2011Tongue Education and Language of Learning and Teaching (LoLT)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"157\">Policies encourage access to education in one\u2019s mother tongue where practicable, with supportive transitions to additional languages. Court rulings emphasize the need for fairness, balancing access with constitutional rights.<\/td>\n<td width=\"142\">Education provisions under s.29; Constitutional Court jurisprudence; language\u2011policy analyses <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/uwcscholar.uwc.ac.za:8443\/server\/api\/core\/bitstreams\/54dd3efd-eede-4a3a-93cd-0a9af3df8f81\/content\" >[uwcscholar.uwc.ac.za]<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/zenodo.org\/records\/3760250\/files\/yakpo_2000_language-rights-south-africa.pdf\" >[zenodo.org]<\/a><\/td>\n<td width=\"144\"><strong>Empowering \/ Reviving<\/strong>, \u00a0strengthens intergenerational transfer of endangered languages.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"128\"><strong>6. Promotion of Indigenous Languages as Cultural Heritage<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"157\">Language is recognised as cultural property; communities have rights to maintain and develop their languages without discrimination.<\/td>\n<td width=\"142\">Cultural\u2011rights discussions in constitutional frameworks; Afrikanerbond analysis <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/pmg.org.za\/files\/docs\/120118afrikanerbond.pdf\" >[pmg.org.za]<\/a><\/td>\n<td width=\"144\"><strong>Saving \/ Reviving<\/strong>, \u00a0preserves languages as repositories of memory and identity.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"128\"><strong>7. Mechanisms for Translation and Interpretation in Public Services<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"157\">State institutions must provide access to translation\/interpretation in courts, public hearings, and administrative processes to ensure fairness and inclusion.<\/td>\n<td width=\"142\">Constitutional language\u2011rights architecture, judicial\u2011administrative provisions <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.justice.gov.za\/constitution\/history\/REPORTS\/tc4-LANGUAGE.PDF\" >[justice.gov.za]<\/a><\/td>\n<td width=\"144\"><strong>Protecting \/ Empowering<\/strong>, \u00a0supports equitable access to justice and governance.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"128\"><strong>8. National Archives and Documentation Mandate<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"157\">Calls for systematic documentation of languages, especially endangered ones, through archives, corpora, dictionaries, and recordings.<\/td>\n<td width=\"142\">UNESCO World Atlas of Languages; IDIL 2022\u20132032 Global Action Plan <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.unesco.org\/en\/decades\/indigenous-languages\" >[unesco.org]<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/unesdoc.unesco.org\/ark:\/48223\/pf0000380132.locale=en\" >[unesdoc.unesco.org]<\/a><\/td>\n<td width=\"144\"><strong>Saving<\/strong>, \u00a0preventing linguistic extinction through durable documentation.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"128\"><strong>9. Support for Community\u2011Based Revitalisation Initiatives<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"157\">Encourages funding and capacity building for community language programmes, local media, and intergenerational storytelling.<\/td>\n<td width=\"142\">UNESCO International Decade of Indigenous Languages; global revitalisation frameworks <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/social.desa.un.org\/issues\/indigenous-peoples\/international-decade-of-indigenous-languages-2022-2032\" >[social.desa.un.org]<\/a><\/td>\n<td width=\"144\"><strong>Empowering \/ Reviving<\/strong>, \u00a0strengthens community ownership and transmission.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"128\"><strong>10. Digital Inclusion and Language Technologies<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"157\">Promote development of digital tools (keyboards, corpora, machine translation, online learning) to expand the presence of indigenous languages in the digital sphere.<\/td>\n<td width=\"142\">UNESCO Global Roadmap for Multilingualism and World Atlas of Languages (digitization agenda) <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/unesdoc.unesco.org\/ark:\/48223\/pf0000380132.locale=en\" >[unesdoc.unesco.org]<\/a><\/td>\n<td width=\"144\"><strong>Reviving \/ Empowering<\/strong>, \u00a0brings endangered languages into modern information ecosystems.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"128\"><strong>11. Accountability and Monitoring Mechanisms<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"157\">Departments must monitor implementation of language policies, report progress, and address non-compliance, ensuring linguistic equity is a measurable outcome.<\/td>\n<td width=\"142\">Official Use of Languages Act implementation obligations; departmental oversight mechanisms <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.za\/sites\/default\/files\/gcis_document\/201612\/40464gon1486.pdf\" >[gov.za]<\/a><\/td>\n<td width=\"144\"><strong>Protecting<\/strong>, \u00a0ensures that legal provisions translate to lived linguistic rights.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"128\"><strong>12. International Cooperation and Normative Alignment<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"157\">Engagement with global partners to share best practices, access funding, and align national strategies with international conventions and decadal frameworks.<\/td>\n<td width=\"142\">UN Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues; IDIL 2022\u20132032 recommendations <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/social.desa.un.org\/issues\/indigenous-peoples\/international-decade-of-indigenous-languages-2022-2032\" >[social.desa.un.org]<\/a><\/td>\n<td width=\"144\"><strong>Saving \/ Reviving<\/strong>, \u00a0situates local efforts within global linguistic\u2011preservation movements.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_314153\" style=\"width: 410px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/5SPERL-TABLE-COMBO-2.jpeg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-314153\" class=\"wp-image-314153\" src=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/5SPERL-TABLE-COMBO-2-820x1024.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/5SPERL-TABLE-COMBO-2-820x1024.jpeg 820w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/5SPERL-TABLE-COMBO-2-240x300.jpeg 240w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/5SPERL-TABLE-COMBO-2-768x959.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/5SPERL-TABLE-COMBO-2-1230x1536.jpeg 1230w, https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/5SPERL-TABLE-COMBO-2.jpeg 1467w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-314153\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Countermeasures to prevent extinction of Rare Languages to ensure sustained Peace<br \/>Photo Top: The Pillars of SPERL upholding Rare Languages<br \/>Photo Bottom:\u00a0\u00a0 A Graphic summarising the different tiers of Linguistic Equity as a Policy Initiative to augment the objectives of SPERL \u00a0<br \/>Original Graphic Conceptualised by Mrs V. Vawda, March 2026<\/p><\/div>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Comments and discussion are invited by e-mail: <\/strong><a href=\"mailto:vawda@ukzn.ac.za\"><strong>vawda@ukzn.ac.za<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Global: + 27 82\u00a0291 4546<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>References:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2025\/11\/valmiki-the-silent-seer-of-resonant-endogenous-and-global-peace\/\" >https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2025\/11\/valmiki-the-silent-seer-of-resonant-endogenous-and-global-peace\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]<\/a> Personal Quote by author, February 2026<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=dbc1b1da5740365466cf8d20ec211ab0735d314a3b4d4df6a116b5f41073a38dJmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;psq=umuntu+ngumuntu+ngabantu+meaning&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuc3R1ZG9jdS5jb20vZW4temEvbWVzc2FnZXMvcXVlc3Rpb24vMTI1NzE3MjkvdW1udHUtbmd1bW50dS1uZ2FiYW50dQ\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=dbc1b1da5740365466cf8d20ec211ab0735d314a3b4d4df6a116b5f41073a38dJmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;psq=umuntu+ngumuntu+ngabantu+meaning&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuc3R1ZG9jdS5jb20vZW4temEvbWVzc2FnZXMvcXVlc3Rpb24vMTI1NzE3MjkvdW1udHUtbmd1bW50dS1uZ2FiYW50dQ<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=1b67dd99a6911f6a4b1d8564d5a7f9e8bd91bdedece0e2fbb60010ab4af4a9fdJmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudHJhbnNjZW5kLm9yZy90bXMvYXV0aG9yLz9hPUhvb3NlbiUyMFZhd2Rh&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=1b67dd99a6911f6a4b1d8564d5a7f9e8bd91bdedece0e2fbb60010ab4af4a9fdJmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudHJhbnNjZW5kLm9yZy90bXMvYXV0aG9yLz9hPUhvb3NlbiUyMFZhd2Rh&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=32fa5369211a831407e6e2191db59288515952cb7b1c41c33af5e4520846237aJmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9lbi53aWtpcGVkaWEub3JnL3dpa2kvUHJheGlzXyhwcm9jZXNzKQ&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=32fa5369211a831407e6e2191db59288515952cb7b1c41c33af5e4520846237aJmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9lbi53aWtpcGVkaWEub3JnL3dpa2kvUHJheGlzXyhwcm9jZXNzKQ&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=447b72692ebc5ac34a3412f1ae2ecaa17080dc62742adbcb9b774fbc45706be4JmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;psq=ubuntu+ethics&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9saW5rLnNwcmluZ2VyLmNvbS9yd2UvMTAuMTAwNy85NzgtMy0zMTktMDk0ODMtMF80Mjg\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=447b72692ebc5ac34a3412f1ae2ecaa17080dc62742adbcb9b774fbc45706be4JmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;psq=ubuntu+ethics&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9saW5rLnNwcmluZ2VyLmNvbS9yd2UvMTAuMTAwNy85NzgtMy0zMTktMDk0ODMtMF80Mjg<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=928a884466a9163e2bf1cb127deb408c6f774f041fc49cd6e67b98ad2d586539JmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;psq=constitutional+duties&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9hY2FkZW1pYy5vdXAuY29tL2FqY2wvYXJ0aWNsZS83Mi8zLzY4NS84MDYzNjU1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=928a884466a9163e2bf1cb127deb408c6f774f041fc49cd6e67b98ad2d586539JmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;psq=constitutional+duties&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9hY2FkZW1pYy5vdXAuY29tL2FqY2wvYXJ0aWNsZS83Mi8zLzY4NS84MDYzNjU1<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[8]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=92dd8bb8791ec657ce00a913cdc434d5fd2b83775070b9ed71add551c50b1fcdJmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudW5lc2NvLm9yZy9lbi9kZWNhZGVzL2luZGlnZW5vdXMtbGFuZ3VhZ2Vz&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=92dd8bb8791ec657ce00a913cdc434d5fd2b83775070b9ed71add551c50b1fcdJmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudW5lc2NvLm9yZy9lbi9kZWNhZGVzL2luZGlnZW5vdXMtbGFuZ3VhZ2Vz&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\">[9]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=87c7cb028e3a4162fc9fb8660547c21ff71a35b72e7eb08264c2478ae41560dbJmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;psq=language+as+humanity%e2%80%99s+first+peace+treaty+pdf&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9saW5rLnNwcmluZ2VyLmNvbS9jb250ZW50L3BkZi8xMC4xMDU3L2lwLjIwMTAuMzQucGRm\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=87c7cb028e3a4162fc9fb8660547c21ff71a35b72e7eb08264c2478ae41560dbJmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;psq=language+as+humanity%e2%80%99s+first+peace+treaty+pdf&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9saW5rLnNwcmluZ2VyLmNvbS9jb250ZW50L3BkZi8xMC4xMDU3L2lwLjIwMTAuMzQucGRm<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\">[10]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=fa35f0c24f16a35e76c0ee3a8542c173ee89039839210b23b320c0a782e0a2d1JmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuYmVoYXZpb3VyYW5kdGVjaG5vbG9neS5jb20vcG9zdC9yZWxhdGlvbmFsLWZyYW1lLXRoZW9yeS1sYW5ndWFnZS1jb2duaXRpb24tYW5kLXRoZS1pbmZsdWVuY2Utb2YtdGVjaG5vbG9neQ&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=fa35f0c24f16a35e76c0ee3a8542c173ee89039839210b23b320c0a782e0a2d1JmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuYmVoYXZpb3VyYW5kdGVjaG5vbG9neS5jb20vcG9zdC9yZWxhdGlvbmFsLWZyYW1lLXRoZW9yeS1sYW5ndWFnZS1jb2duaXRpb24tYW5kLXRoZS1pbmZsdWVuY2Utb2YtdGVjaG5vbG9neQ&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\">[11]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=1c633d0249f60315ea53fdf75a63262f37824a5f1498b5f48648206a67936849JmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9lYWpvdXJuYWxzLm9yZy93cC1jb250ZW50L3VwbG9hZHMvTGFuZ3VhZ2UtUmV2aXZhbC1TaWduaWZpY2FuY2UtU3RyYXRlZ2llcy1NZXRob2RzLWFuZC1Jc3N1ZXMucGRm&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=1c633d0249f60315ea53fdf75a63262f37824a5f1498b5f48648206a67936849JmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9lYWpvdXJuYWxzLm9yZy93cC1jb250ZW50L3VwbG9hZHMvTGFuZ3VhZ2UtUmV2aXZhbC1TaWduaWZpY2FuY2UtU3RyYXRlZ2llcy1NZXRob2RzLWFuZC1Jc3N1ZXMucGRm&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref12\" name=\"_edn12\">[12]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=92dd8bb8791ec657ce00a913cdc434d5fd2b83775070b9ed71add551c50b1fcdJmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudW5lc2NvLm9yZy9lbi9kZWNhZGVzL2luZGlnZW5vdXMtbGFuZ3VhZ2Vz&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=92dd8bb8791ec657ce00a913cdc434d5fd2b83775070b9ed71add551c50b1fcdJmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudW5lc2NvLm9yZy9lbi9kZWNhZGVzL2luZGlnZW5vdXMtbGFuZ3VhZ2Vz&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref13\" name=\"_edn13\">[13]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=766b322779325b213a52baba95f71f8eb681aa858e12e7f89a2cfafc0366998eJmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;psq=%e2%80%a2%09Mother+tongue+based+multilingual+education+&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly91bmVzZG9jLnVuZXNjby5vcmcvYXJrOi80ODIyMy9wZjAwMDAyMzE4NjU\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=766b322779325b213a52baba95f71f8eb681aa858e12e7f89a2cfafc0366998eJmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;psq=%e2%80%a2%09Mother+tongue+based+multilingual+education+&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly91bmVzZG9jLnVuZXNjby5vcmcvYXJrOi80ODIyMy9wZjAwMDAyMzE4NjU<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref14\" name=\"_edn14\">[14]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=2b2d093c8c107b486dc41f1d337bb445dc38cfd916d0ebeb9357f1ebabe74281JmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;psq=%e2%80%a2%09gamified+lexicons+meaning&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9lZHVjYXRpb25hbHRlY2hub2xvZ3kubmV0L2dhbWlmaWNhdGlvbi13aGF0LWl0LWlzLWhvdy1pdC13b3Jrcy1leGFtcGxlcy8\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=2b2d093c8c107b486dc41f1d337bb445dc38cfd916d0ebeb9357f1ebabe74281JmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;psq=%e2%80%a2%09gamified+lexicons+meaning&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9lZHVjYXRpb25hbHRlY2hub2xvZ3kubmV0L2dhbWlmaWNhdGlvbi13aGF0LWl0LWlzLWhvdy1pdC13b3Jrcy1leGFtcGxlcy8<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref15\" name=\"_edn15\">[15]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=06eb24b8ce03071a3c412b1ce45f3c7d175a17a45608583bd20cf06258cf4c0eJmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9pY3Jqb3VybmFsLm9yZy9pbmRleC5waHAvaWNyL2lzc3VlL2Rvd25sb2FkLzI3LzIy&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=06eb24b8ce03071a3c412b1ce45f3c7d175a17a45608583bd20cf06258cf4c0eJmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9pY3Jqb3VybmFsLm9yZy9pbmRleC5waHAvaWNyL2lzc3VlL2Rvd25sb2FkLzI3LzIy&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref16\" name=\"_edn16\">[16]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=ae078d3a23c24712a3f5b9900be451836bc5b63d3c20aad78717acc65eb9a359JmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly90cHkubmVsc29ubWFuZGVsYS5vcmcvZm9vdG5vdGVzLzM2Mi1ubS1pbi1jb252ZXJzYXRpb24td2l0aC1yaWNoYXJkLXN0ZW5nZWwtam9oYW5uZXNidXJnLWNpcmNhLTI2LWFwcmlsLWFuZC0zLW1heS0xOTkzLWNkLTYxLW5tZi1qb2hhbm5lc2J1cmc&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=ae078d3a23c24712a3f5b9900be451836bc5b63d3c20aad78717acc65eb9a359JmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly90cHkubmVsc29ubWFuZGVsYS5vcmcvZm9vdG5vdGVzLzM2Mi1ubS1pbi1jb252ZXJzYXRpb24td2l0aC1yaWNoYXJkLXN0ZW5nZWwtam9oYW5uZXNidXJnLWNpcmNhLTI2LWFwcmlsLWFuZC0zLW1heS0xOTkzLWNkLTYxLW5tZi1qb2hhbm5lc2J1cmc&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref17\" name=\"_edn17\">[17]<\/a> https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=13035b3097ebfb56f3b65cd7d2ebb38af87562a27f106be7cab3ed3925a2b225JmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;psq=Ubuntu+as+Lingui<\/p>\n<p>stic+Ethic&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9waGlsb3BlZGlhLm9yZy90cmFkaXRpb25zL3VidW50dS1waGlsb3NvcGh5Lw<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref18\" name=\"_edn18\">[18]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2025\/08\/the-attainment-of-sustained-endogenous-peace-sacred-postures-for-a-fractured-world\/\" >TRANSCEND MEDIA SERVICE \u00bb The Attainment of Sustained, Endogenous Peace: Sacred Postures for a Fractured World<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref19\" name=\"_edn19\">[19]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=9f95cdaa204fea30ad3af679f1ab7b313b2ebb746c5aa1c08d3c8cbfb7972831JmltdHM9MTc3MTAyNzIwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;psq=Exogenous+Peace+vawda&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudHJhbnNjZW5kLm9yZy90bXMvMjAyNS8wOC90aGUtYXR0YWlubWVudC1vZi1wZWFjZS1hLW11bHRpZGltZW5zaW9uYWwtcGVyc3BlY3RpdmUv\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!andandp=9f95cdaa204fea30ad3af679f1ab7b313b2ebb746c5aa1c08d3c8cbfb7972831JmltdHM9MTc3MTAyNzIwMAandptn=3andver=2andhsh=4andfclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323andpsq=Exogenous+Peace+vawdaandu=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudHJhbnNjZW5kLm9yZy90bXMvMjAyNS8wOC90aGUtYXR0YWlubWVudC1vZi1wZWFjZS1hLW11bHRpZGltZW5zaW9uYWwtcGVyc3BlY3RpdmUv<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref20\" name=\"_edn20\">[20]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=034fe75ec36f056696e725d9b4ea3087c4af0fd5f0ddc4f1d0bdf6962d90e2baJmltdHM9MTc3MTAyNzIwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;psq=Peace+Protagonists%2c+hoosen+vawda&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudHJhbnNjZW5kLm9yZy90bXMvMjAyNC8wMy9wZWFjZS1wcm9wYWdhdGlvbi1odW1hbi1yaWdodHMtZGF5LXBvc3QtbGliZXJhdGlvbi0xOTk0LXNvdXRoLWFmcmljYS1wYXJ0LTEv\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!andandp=034fe75ec36f056696e725d9b4ea3087c4af0fd5f0ddc4f1d0bdf6962d90e2baJmltdHM9MTc3MTAyNzIwMAandptn=3andver=2andhsh=4andfclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323andpsq=Peace+Protagonists%2c+hoosen+vawdaandu=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudHJhbnNjZW5kLm9yZy90bXMvMjAyNC8wMy9wZWFjZS1wcm9wYWdhdGlvbi1odW1hbi1yaWdodHMtZGF5LXBvc3QtbGliZXJhdGlvbi0xOTk0LXNvdXRoLWFmcmljYS1wYXJ0LTEv<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref21\" name=\"_edn21\">[21]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=6c5b0459700ca20bc6eb6bae97ab2f646b024e95bec3fde1de985dd245591412JmltdHM9MTc3MTAyNzIwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;psq=Peace+Protagonists%2c+hoosen+vawda&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudHJhbnNjZW5kLm9yZy90bXMvMjAyNC8wMS9nbG9iYWwtd2ViaW5hci1zZXJpZXMtb3BwcmVzc29ycy1hbmQtcGVhY2UtZGlzcnVwdG9ycy8\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!andandp=6c5b0459700ca20bc6eb6bae97ab2f646b024e95bec3fde1de985dd245591412JmltdHM9MTc3MTAyNzIwMAandptn=3andver=2andhsh=4andfclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323andpsq=Peace+Protagonists%2c+hoosen+vawdaandu=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudHJhbnNjZW5kLm9yZy90bXMvMjAyNC8wMS9nbG9iYWwtd2ViaW5hci1zZXJpZXMtb3BwcmVzc29ycy1hbmQtcGVhY2UtZGlzcnVwdG9ycy8<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref22\" name=\"_edn22\">[22]<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=aa0956c0af4996fbf6d678010420158779bb6262010036c2d54366c25ccf0e3eJmltdHM9MTc3MTAyNzIwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;psq=Peace+Protagonists%2c+hoosen+vawda&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudHJhbnNjZW5kLm9yZy90bXMvdGFnL2FwYXJ0aGVpZC1tYXJ0eXJzLw\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!andandp=aa0956c0af4996fbf6d678010420158779bb6262010036c2d54366c25ccf0e3eJmltdHM9MTc3MTAyNzIwMAandptn=3andver=2andhsh=4andfclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323andpsq=Peace+Protagonists%2c+hoosen+vawdaandu=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudHJhbnNjZW5kLm9yZy90bXMvdGFnL2FwYXJ0aGVpZC1tYXJ0eXJzLw<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref23\" name=\"_edn23\">[23]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=a8abb7e9791d7d6db751a036519a953d09cfbf6acccee42d5f41af52cb22e89bJmltdHM9MTc3MTAyNzIwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;psq=Peace+Protagonists%2c+hoosen+vawda&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZmFjZWJvb2suY29tL3RyYW5zY2VuZGludGVybmF0aW9uYWwvcG9zdHMvdGhlLWFjcmltb25pb3VzLWFuZC10YXJnZXRlZC1kZXN0cnVjdGlvbi1vZi1ob3VzZXMtb2YtZ29kLWNsaW1heC1vZi1yZWxpZ2lvcGhvYmkvNTgxMjQzMzUwODEyOTc0Lw\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!andandp=a8abb7e9791d7d6db751a036519a953d09cfbf6acccee42d5f41af52cb22e89bJmltdHM9MTc3MTAyNzIwMAandptn=3andver=2andhsh=4andfclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323andpsq=Peace+Protagonists%2c+hoosen+vawdaandu=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZmFjZWJvb2suY29tL3RyYW5zY2VuZGludGVybmF0aW9uYWwvcG9zdHMvdGhlLWFjcmltb25pb3VzLWFuZC10YXJnZXRlZC1kZXN0cnVjdGlvbi1vZi1ob3VzZXMtb2YtZ29kLWNsaW1heC1vZi1yZWxpZ2lvcGhvYmkvNTgxMjQzMzUwODEyOTc0Lw<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref24\" name=\"_edn24\">[24]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=f5fa6cf0c30fedf6280c2077cc79a61a319559181440d3bd4b2ef9cbaf9b9b6bJmltdHM9MTc3MTAyNzIwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;psq=Peace+Protagonists%2c+hoosen+vawda&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly90aGVtYWpsaXMuY28uemEvYXJ0aWNsZXMvYWwtaGFxL3BhbGVzdGluZS10aGUtYXRoYWFiLW9mLWFsbGFoLXRhYWxhLw\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!andandp=f5fa6cf0c30fedf6280c2077cc79a61a319559181440d3bd4b2ef9cbaf9b9b6bJmltdHM9MTc3MTAyNzIwMAandptn=3andver=2andhsh=4andfclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323andpsq=Peace+Protagonists%2c+hoosen+vawdaandu=a1aHR0cHM6Ly90aGVtYWpsaXMuY28uemEvYXJ0aWNsZXMvYWwtaGFxL3BhbGVzdGluZS10aGUtYXRoYWFiLW9mLWFsbGFoLXRhYWxhLw<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref25\" name=\"_edn25\">[25]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=2a93b8d170338938a01924b2afa33109c40a607366470f76f94c737806bee774JmltdHM9MTc3MTAyNzIwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;psq=belligerism+vawda&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudHJhbnNjZW5kLm9yZy90bXMvMjAyNi8wMS91YnVudHUtcmlzaW5nLWEtcGVhY2UtZm9yY2UtYWdhaW5zdC1nbG9iYWwtYmVsbGlnZXJpc20v\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!andandp=2a93b8d170338938a01924b2afa33109c40a607366470f76f94c737806bee774JmltdHM9MTc3MTAyNzIwMAandptn=3andver=2andhsh=4andfclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323andpsq=belligerism+vawdaandu=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudHJhbnNjZW5kLm9yZy90bXMvMjAyNi8wMS91YnVudHUtcmlzaW5nLWEtcGVhY2UtZm9yY2UtYWdhaW5zdC1nbG9iYWwtYmVsbGlnZXJpc20v<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref26\" name=\"_edn26\">[26]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=bfa48f1dff587216ab251a4e4a7460075fca00e706b246ceac9fbd919cf3584aJmltdHM9MTc3MTAyNzIwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;psq=Peace+Protagonists%2c+hoosen+vawda&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly91bmJvdW5kZWRhY2FkZW15Lm9yZy90cmFuc2NlbmQtbWVkaWEtc2VydmljZS8\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!andandp=bfa48f1dff587216ab251a4e4a7460075fca00e706b246ceac9fbd919cf3584aJmltdHM9MTc3MTAyNzIwMAandptn=3andver=2andhsh=4andfclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323andpsq=Peace+Protagonists%2c+hoosen+vawdaandu=a1aHR0cHM6Ly91bmJvdW5kZWRhY2FkZW15Lm9yZy90cmFuc2NlbmQtbWVkaWEtc2VydmljZS8<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref27\" name=\"_edn27\">[27]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=22a112b3f585ff365fc51e10d42a2ef3c9521de9bbe6a428113366d368e5e530JmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;psq=biophotonic+tms+vawdas&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudHJhbnNjZW5kLm9yZy90bXMvMjAyNi8wMy90aGUtZm91bmRhdGlvbnMtb2YtY29tbXVuYWwtcGVhY2Utc3VzdGFpbmluZy10aHJlYXRlbmVkLWxhbmd1YWdlcy1hcy1wZWFjZS1pbmZyYXN0cnVjdHVyZS1wYXJ0LTEv\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=22a112b3f585ff365fc51e10d42a2ef3c9521de9bbe6a428113366d368e5e530JmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;psq=biophotonic+tms+vawdas&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudHJhbnNjZW5kLm9yZy90bXMvMjAyNi8wMy90aGUtZm91bmRhdGlvbnMtb2YtY29tbXVuYWwtcGVhY2Utc3VzdGFpbmluZy10aHJlYXRlbmVkLWxhbmd1YWdlcy1hcy1wZWFjZS1pbmZyYXN0cnVjdHVyZS1wYXJ0LTEv<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref28\" name=\"_edn28\">[28]<\/a> Personal Quote by author, February 2026<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref29\" name=\"_edn29\">[29]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=ac7e95837c7413c69b5284a1d7ee83bf2d57395e1e8fd46306c4a94ff16ce54eJmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;psq=MANDELA%e2%80%99S+LANGUAGE+ETHOS+Mandela+understood+that+language+is%3a+An+instrument+of+healing+Speaking+Afrikaans+to+Afrikaner+guards+softened+hardened+attitudes.+An+instrument+of+dismantling+fear+Using+isiXhosa%2c+isiZulu%2c+Sesotho%2c+or+Setswana+affirmed+the+worth+of+Black+South+Africans.+An+instrument+of+psychological+realignment+Language+shifts+power+dynamics+from+confrontation+%e2%86%92+conversation.+An+instrument+of+peace+diplomacy+Mandela+used+language+to+turn+adversaries+into+partners.+His+approach%3a+Multilingualism+as+moral+action.+Language+as+humanisation.&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cucmVzZWFyY2hnYXRlLm5ldC9wdWJsaWNhdGlvbi8zNzE2MzIwNzBfQ3JpdGljYWxfRGlzY291cnNlX0FuYWx5c2lzX29mX05lbHNvbl9NYW5kZWxhJTI3c19TcGVlY2hfSV9BbV9QcmVwYXJlZF90b19EaWU\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=ac7e95837c7413c69b5284a1d7ee83bf2d57395e1e8fd46306c4a94ff16ce54eJmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;psq=MANDELA%e2%80%99S+LANGUAGE+ETHOS+Mandela+understood+that+language+is%3a+An+instrument+of+healing+Speaking+Afrikaans+to+Afrikaner+guards+softened+hardened+attitudes.+An+instrument+of+dismantling+fear+Using+isiXhosa%2c+isiZulu%2c+Sesotho%2c+or+Setswana+affirmed+the+worth+of+Black+South+Africans.+An+instrument+of+psychological+realignment+Language+shifts+power+dynamics+from+confrontation+%e2%86%92+conversation.+An+instrument+of+peace+diplomacy+Mandela+used+language+to+turn+adversaries+into+partners.+His+approach%3a+Multilingualism+as+moral+action.+Language+as+humanisation.&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cucmVzZWFyY2hnYXRlLm5ldC9wdWJsaWNhdGlvbi8zNzE2MzIwNzBfQ3JpdGljYWxfRGlzY291cnNlX0FuYWx5c2lzX29mX05lbHNvbl9NYW5kZWxhJTI3c19TcGVlY2hfSV9BbV9QcmVwYXJlZF90b19EaWU<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref30\" name=\"_edn30\">[30]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2025\/11\/valmiki-the-silent-seer-of-resonant-endogenous-and-global-peace\/\" >https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2025\/11\/valmiki-the-silent-seer-of-resonant-endogenous-and-global-peace\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref31\" name=\"_edn31\">[31]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2025\/10\/the-ramayana-as-a-treatise-on-peace-and-social-harmony\/\" >https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2025\/10\/the-ramayana-as-a-treatise-on-peace-and-social-harmony\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref32\" name=\"_edn32\">[32]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2025\/11\/philosophy-of-peace-in-the-life-of-maharishi-valmiki-the-sage-from-the-anthill-to-spiritual-metamorphosis\/\" >https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2025\/11\/philosophy-of-peace-in-the-life-of-maharishi-valmiki-the-sage-from-the-anthill-to-spiritual-metamorphosis\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref33\" name=\"_edn33\">[33]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2025\/10\/the-inner-lamp-deepavalis-philosophy-of-peace-in-a-world-of-conflict-and-belligerence\/\" >https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2025\/10\/the-inner-lamp-deepavalis-philosophy-of-peace-in-a-world-of-conflict-and-belligerence\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref34\" name=\"_edn34\">[34]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=1cc31e72763230ed8b641df058447b2ae46a9cea863b456e816784acdde94a34JmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;psq=Sanskrit&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuYnJpdGFubmljYS5jb20vdG9waWMvU2Fuc2tyaXQtbGFuZ3VhZ2U\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=1cc31e72763230ed8b641df058447b2ae46a9cea863b456e816784acdde94a34JmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;psq=Sanskrit&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuYnJpdGFubmljYS5jb20vdG9waWMvU2Fuc2tyaXQtbGFuZ3VhZ2U<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref35\" name=\"_edn35\">[35]<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=9d5a435bc7cfe86e90421d4ba8bd02411dc0545787bbeb217577b29f4ba2ae62JmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;psq=%5bdharmasutra.org%5d&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZGhhcm1hc3V0cmEub3JnL2Jsb2c\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=9d5a435bc7cfe86e90421d4ba8bd02411dc0545787bbeb217577b29f4ba2ae62JmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;psq=%5bdharmasutra.org%5d&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZGhhcm1hc3V0cmEub3JnL2Jsb2c<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref36\" name=\"_edn36\">[36]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=77464d302d3e02c79ce51de143736199ee5994b61889a75b3346943576f389c4JmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9iaWJsZWh1Yi5jb20vZXBoZXNpYW5zLzQtMjkuaHRt&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=77464d302d3e02c79ce51de143736199ee5994b61889a75b3346943576f389c4JmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9iaWJsZWh1Yi5jb20vZXBoZXNpYW5zLzQtMjkuaHRt&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref37\" name=\"_edn37\">[37]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=9dc0a54424b5a059556bd5750fed26eca16b346ab6f686275539bd540eda7789JmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;psq=Bahadur+Shah+Zafar+(1775%e2%80%931862)&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9lbi53aWtpcGVkaWEub3JnL3dpa2kvQmFoYWR1cl9TaGFoX1phZmFy\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=9dc0a54424b5a059556bd5750fed26eca16b346ab6f686275539bd540eda7789JmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;psq=Bahadur+Shah+Zafar+(1775%e2%80%931862)&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9lbi53aWtpcGVkaWEub3JnL3dpa2kvQmFoYWR1cl9TaGFoX1phZmFy<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref38\" name=\"_edn38\">[38]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=83e87baa94b3680deae4b22351c6cd7658aa321c58a22a026d5d75af0d3ac3e6JmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9lbi53aWtpcXVvdGUub3JnL3dpa2kvQ3J5LF90aGVfYmVsb3ZlZF9Db3VudHJ5&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=83e87baa94b3680deae4b22351c6cd7658aa321c58a22a026d5d75af0d3ac3e6JmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9lbi53aWtpcXVvdGUub3JnL3dpa2kvQ3J5LF90aGVfYmVsb3ZlZF9Db3VudHJ5&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref39\" name=\"_edn39\">[39]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=4d4469c00deebb00fd6bd9c2d03c402481651773e1f3312deb549e1beb8c0065JmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;psq=%e2%80%9cHow+ill+fated+is+%e2%80%98Zafar%e2%80%99%3a+not+even+two+yards+of+earth+to+be+buried+in+the+beloved%e2%80%99s+lane.%e2%80%9d&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cucmVkZGl0LmNvbS9yL3VuaXRlZHN0YXRlc29maW5kaWEvY29tbWVudHMvdGczcm5kL2hvd191bmx1Y2t5X3phZmFyX2lzX2Zvcl9oaXNfYnVyaWFsX2V2ZW5fdHdvLw\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=4d4469c00deebb00fd6bd9c2d03c402481651773e1f3312deb549e1beb8c0065JmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;psq=%e2%80%9cHow+ill+fated+is+%e2%80%98Zafar%e2%80%99%3a+not+even+two+yards+of+earth+to+be+buried+in+the+beloved%e2%80%99s+lane.%e2%80%9d&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cucmVkZGl0LmNvbS9yL3VuaXRlZHN0YXRlc29maW5kaWEvY29tbWVudHMvdGczcm5kL2hvd191bmx1Y2t5X3phZmFyX2lzX2Zvcl9oaXNfYnVyaWFsX2V2ZW5fdHdvLw<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref40\" name=\"_edn40\">[40]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=c6f3effbded80af69cc19ff2b5cfb829c36d407316eefd3a33e9f1cd82c68713JmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;psq=mir+taqi+mir+rekhta&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9lbi53aWtpcGVkaWEub3JnL3dpa2kvTWlyX1RhcWlfTWly\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=c6f3effbded80af69cc19ff2b5cfb829c36d407316eefd3a33e9f1cd82c68713JmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;psq=mir+taqi+mir+rekhta&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9lbi53aWtpcGVkaWEub3JnL3dpa2kvTWlyX1RhcWlfTWly<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref41\" name=\"_edn41\">[41]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=720c2a68360b4f1e6f6089307655dd27aec139778395bd909d2835722dec7c84JmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;psq=dill%c4%ab+jo+ek+shahr+th%c4%81+%ca%bf%c4%81lam+me%c3%b1+intikh%c4%81b+%2f+rehte+the+munta%e1%b8%b3hab+h%c4%ab+jah%c4%81%c3%b1+rozg%c4%81r+ke+%2f+us+ko+falak+ne+l%c5%ab%e1%b9%ad+ke+v%c4%abr%c4%81n+kar+diy%c4%81+%2f+ham+rahne+v%c4%81le+hai%c3%b1+us%c4%ab+uj%e1%b9%9be+diy%c4%81r+ke&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cucmVraHRhLm9yZy9xaXRhL2t5YWEtYnV1ZC1vLWJhYXNoLXB1dWNoaG8taG8tcHV1cmFiLWtlLXNhYWtpbm8tdW5rbm93bi1xaXRh\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=720c2a68360b4f1e6f6089307655dd27aec139778395bd909d2835722dec7c84JmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;psq=dill%c4%ab+jo+ek+shahr+th%c4%81+%ca%bf%c4%81lam+me%c3%b1+intikh%c4%81b+%2f+rehte+the+munta%e1%b8%b3hab+h%c4%ab+jah%c4%81%c3%b1+rozg%c4%81r+ke+%2f+us+ko+falak+ne+l%c5%ab%e1%b9%ad+ke+v%c4%abr%c4%81n+kar+diy%c4%81+%2f+ham+rahne+v%c4%81le+hai%c3%b1+us%c4%ab+uj%e1%b9%9be+diy%c4%81r+ke&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cucmVraHRhLm9yZy9xaXRhL2t5YWEtYnV1ZC1vLWJhYXNoLXB1dWNoaG8taG8tcHV1cmFiLWtlLXNhYWtpbm8tdW5rbm93bi1xaXRh<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref42\" name=\"_edn42\">[42]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=91a76c6ef590101639e267971ae49210ac29082352f8a03dbfe61e0ee6c09d40JmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cucmVraHRhLm9yZy9jb3VwbGV0cy9kaWxsaWkta2UtbmEtdGhlLWt1dWNoZS1hdXJhYXEtZS1tdXNhdnZhci10aGUtbWlyLXRhcWktbWlyLWNvdXBsZXRz&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=91a76c6ef590101639e267971ae49210ac29082352f8a03dbfe61e0ee6c09d40JmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cucmVraHRhLm9yZy9jb3VwbGV0cy9kaWxsaWkta2UtbmEtdGhlLWt1dWNoZS1hdXJhYXEtZS1tdXNhdnZhci10aGUtbWlyLXRhcWktbWlyLWNvdXBsZXRz&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref43\" name=\"_edn43\">[43]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=f38f2db939be67d2b420b55bdb9859876f27ab346bfd35df72086765dd4f0599JmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;psq=Ghalib%2c+1797%e2%80%931869)%2c++&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9lbi53aWtpcGVkaWEub3JnL3dpa2kvR2hhbGli\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=f38f2db939be67d2b420b55bdb9859876f27ab346bfd35df72086765dd4f0599JmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;psq=Ghalib%2c+1797%e2%80%931869)%2c++&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9lbi53aWtpcGVkaWEub3JnL3dpa2kvR2hhbGli<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref44\" name=\"_edn44\">[44]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=1fee4d9011a96bf71941bb7bf94c35f60540f788ce934c5442456b60eb5444d4JmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cucmVraHRhLm9yZy9jb3VwbGV0cy9oYWluLWF1ci1iaGlpLWR1bml5YWEtbWVuLXN1a2hhbi12YXItYmFodXQtYWNoY2hoZS1taXJ6YS1naGFsaWItY291cGxldHM&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=1fee4d9011a96bf71941bb7bf94c35f60540f788ce934c5442456b60eb5444d4JmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cucmVraHRhLm9yZy9jb3VwbGV0cy9oYWluLWF1ci1iaGlpLWR1bml5YWEtbWVuLXN1a2hhbi12YXItYmFodXQtYWNoY2hoZS1taXJ6YS1naGFsaWItY291cGxldHM&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref45\" name=\"_edn45\">[45]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=8ff5fe0f03dac9b0435cbcdecdd39b9b3625a182db03103648144afd3005abe6JmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudGhvbWFzd2llcmluZ2EuY29tL3Bvc3QvaW50cm9kdWNpbmctdGhlLWV4cGVyaWVudGlhbC1pbnRpbWFjeS1jdXJ2ZS11bmxvY2tpbmctZW1vdGlvbmFsLXZhbHVl&amp;ntb=1\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=8ff5fe0f03dac9b0435cbcdecdd39b9b3625a182db03103648144afd3005abe6JmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudGhvbWFzd2llcmluZ2EuY29tL3Bvc3QvaW50cm9kdWNpbmctdGhlLWV4cGVyaWVudGlhbC1pbnRpbWFjeS1jdXJ2ZS11bmxvY2tpbmctZW1vdGlvbmFsLXZhbHVl&amp;ntb=1<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref46\" name=\"_edn46\">[46]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=6b1853707871cbba9b37bf330b2128c14fe3a9c92212fa9f5f00d1564a0c58a2JmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;u=a1L3ZpZGVvcy9zZWFyY2g_cT1Tb2NpZXR5K2Zvcit0aGUrcHJldmVudGlvbitvZitFeHRpbmN0aW9uK29mK1JhcmUrTGFuZ3VhZ2VzJnFwdnQ9U29jaWV0eStmb3IrdGhlK3ByZXZlbnRpb24rb2YrRXh0aW5jdGlvbitvZitSYXJlK0xhbmd1YWdlcyZGT1JNPVZEUkU\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=6b1853707871cbba9b37bf330b2128c14fe3a9c92212fa9f5f00d1564a0c58a2JmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;u=a1L3ZpZGVvcy9zZWFyY2g_cT1Tb2NpZXR5K2Zvcit0aGUrcHJldmVudGlvbitvZitFeHRpbmN0aW9uK29mK1JhcmUrTGFuZ3VhZ2VzJnFwdnQ9U29jaWV0eStmb3IrdGhlK3ByZXZlbnRpb24rb2YrRXh0aW5jdGlvbitvZitSYXJlK0xhbmd1YWdlcyZGT1JNPVZEUkU<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#_ednref47\" name=\"_edn47\">[47]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=0f6ff1dfc2c3214e56454b28fac5788a1742e6f1e71a78fa9ed1aba9198a1f3fJmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;psq=Constitutional+and+Statutory+Mandates%2c+encompassing+foundational+duties+under+Section+6+of+the+South+African+Constitution%2c&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ292LnphL2RvY3VtZW50cy9jb25zdGl0dXRpb24vY29uc3RpdHV0aW9uLXJlcHVibGljLXNvdXRoLWFmcmljYS0wNC1mZWItMTk5Nw\" >https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=0f6ff1dfc2c3214e56454b28fac5788a1742e6f1e71a78fa9ed1aba9198a1f3fJmltdHM9MTc3MzEwMDgwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=37940f5c-820f-62a2-14ab-19c283916323&amp;psq=Constitutional+and+Statutory+Mandates%2c+encompassing+foundational+duties+under+Section+6+of+the+South+African+Constitution%2c&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ292LnphL2RvY3VtZW50cy9jb25zdGl0dXRpb24vY29uc3RpdHV0aW9uLXJlcHVibGljLXNvdXRoLWFmcmljYS0wNC1mZWItMTk5Nw<\/a><\/p>\n<p><em>______________________________________________<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>Professor G. Hoosen M. Vawda (Bsc; MBChB; PhD.Wits) is a member of the <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/\" ><em>TRANSCEND Network for Peace Development Environment<\/em><\/a><em>.<br \/>\n<strong>Director<\/strong>: Glastonbury Medical Research Centre; Community Health and Indigent Programme Services; Body Donor Foundation SA.<\/em><br \/>\n<strong><em>Principal Investigator<\/em><\/strong><em>: Multinational Clinical Trials<\/em><br \/>\n<strong><em>Consultant<\/em><\/strong><em>: Medical and General Research Ethics; Internal Medicine and Clinical Psychiatry:UKZN, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine<\/em><br \/>\n<strong><em>Executive Member<\/em><\/strong><em>: Inter Religious Council KZN SA<\/em><br \/>\n<strong><em>Public Liaison<\/em><\/strong><em>: Medical Misadventures<\/em><br \/>\n<strong><em>Activism<\/em><\/strong><em>: Justice for All<\/em><br \/>\n<strong><em>Email<\/em><\/strong><em>: <\/em><a href=\"mailto:vawda@ukzn.ac.za\"><em>vawda@ukzn.ac.za<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u201cPeace speaks many languages, but it is heard most clearly in the mother tongue.\u201d[2]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":314149,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[40],"tags":[3914,3916,3941,3911,3583,1236,3579,3929,3917,3918,3718,3892,2782,3928],"class_list":["post-314148","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-transcend-members","tag-biophoton","tag-cyber-harmonics","tag-emotional-resonance-curve","tag-global-belligerism","tag-harmonism","tag-nelson-mandela","tag-neuroharmonics","tag-nguni","tag-peace-crusade","tag-peace-mandala","tag-peace-propagation","tag-peace-propagators","tag-ubuntu","tag-urdu"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/314148","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=314148"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/314148\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":314154,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/314148\/revisions\/314154"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/314149"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=314148"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=314148"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=314148"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}