{"id":56679,"date":"2015-04-20T12:00:31","date_gmt":"2015-04-20T11:00:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/?p=56679"},"modified":"2016-03-03T09:57:48","modified_gmt":"2016-03-03T09:57:48","slug":"criminalizing-war-twenty-recommendations","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2015\/04\/criminalizing-war-twenty-recommendations\/","title":{"rendered":"Criminalizing War: Twenty Recommendations"},"content":{"rendered":"

[Note from the TMS Editor: <\/strong>Prof. Johan Galtung presented these recommendations in various places in Norway this past weekend.]<\/em><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Japanese Constitution Article 9 or something similar for all states: \u2018__forever renounce war as a sovereign right of the nation and the threat or use of force as a means of settling international disputes\u2019.<\/li>\n
  2. Universal Declaration of Human Rights Article 28 criminalizing war: \u2018a social and international order in which the rights and freedoms set forth in this declaration can be fully realized\u2019<\/li>\n
  3. UD Article 3 \u201cEverybody has the right to life, freedom and security of person\u201d should also apply to cross-border aggression of any kind.<\/li>\n
  4. Local authorities, regions, NGOs, IGOs and TNCs with the capability and intention to do so should also receive and implement human rights.<\/li>\n
  5. Self-defense against aggression insulting human rights is a human right, subject to jus ad bellum-jus in bello<\/em>-human rights, not war.<\/li>\n
  6. Make possession of any WMD by any state or organization a crime.<\/li>\n
  7. List publicly state terrorist state; by UN, NAM or a prestigious NGO.<\/li>\n
  8. Remove the US exception to ICC but not retroactively; speed up Palestinian membership.<\/li>\n
  9. Trial for war crimes must include compensation to victims and nature.<\/li>\n
  10. Rewards for peace should be added to punishment for war, listing not only war criminals but also peace champions at all levels in the world.<\/li>\n
  11. Publish names of killers in wars, for individual responsibility.<\/li>\n
  12. Publish names of victims in wars, for collective solidarity.<\/li>\n
  13. Make war propaganda a crime like racism, sexism, hate speech.<\/li>\n
  14. Make alliance, NGO, IGO, TNC equality and representativity of genders, nations and states a condition for lawful global operation, like for consultative status with the UN and Agencies.<\/li>\n
  15. Make a public YES to acceptance of membership another condition.<\/li>\n
  16. Make violence for political ends other then self-defense a crime; this applies also to guerrillas and terrorism.<\/li>\n
  17. Make omission of action that could make a difference preventing war, like withdrawing war support publicly or whistle blowing, a crime.<\/li>\n
  18. Universalize jurisdiction by making crimes against peace, war crimes and crimes against humanity justiciable in all states.<\/li>\n
  19. Avoid violent punishment for war: two violences do not add to peace; use instead 3C: public confession-contrition-compensation to victims and soft punishment of shame and guilt, possibly social ostracism.<\/li>\n
  20. Criminalization is ambiguous and may also harden and prolong wars; should go together with the positive approaches to the right to peace, of removing war causes, and removing war as a socially evil institution.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    What do you think?<\/p>\n

    ____________________________________<\/p>\n

    Johan Galtung, a professor of peace studies, dr hc mult, is founder of the <\/em>TRANSCEND Network for Peace, Development and Environment<\/a> and rector of the <\/em>TRANSCEND Peace University-TPU<\/a>. He has published 164 books on peace and related issues<\/em>, of which 41 have been translated into 35 languages, for a total of 135 book translations, including \u2018<\/em>50 Years-100 Peace and Conflict Perspectives<\/a>,\u2019 published by the <\/em>TR*ANSCEND University Press-TUP<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    20.\tCriminalization is ambiguous and may also harden and prolong wars; should go together with the positive approaches to the right to peace, of removing war causes, and removing war as a socially evil institution.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[31],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-56679","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-editorial"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/56679","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=56679"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/56679\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=56679"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=56679"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=56679"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}