{"id":63381,"date":"2015-09-07T18:33:06","date_gmt":"2015-09-07T17:33:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/?p=63381"},"modified":"2015-09-07T19:30:07","modified_gmt":"2015-09-07T18:30:07","slug":"this-week-in-history-40","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2015\/09\/this-week-in-history-40\/","title":{"rendered":"This Week in History"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/TWH-logo.jpeg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-62806\" src=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/TWH-logo.jpeg\" alt=\"TWH logo history\" width=\"500\" height=\"276\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><em>Sep 7-13<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>QUOTE OF THE WEEK:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>\u201c<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brainyquote.com\/quotes\/quotes\/r\/rabindrana385083.html\" >Let us not pray to be sheltered from dangers but to be fearless when facing them.\u201d<\/a><\/em> &#8211; Rabindranath Tagore<\/p>\n<p><strong>SEPTEMBER 7<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>2012\u00a0 <\/strong>Canada officially <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Canada%E2%80%93Iran_relations\" >cuts diplomatic ties<\/a> with <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Iran\" >Iran<\/a> by closing its embassy in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tehran\" >Tehran<\/a> and ordered the expulsion of Iranian diplomats from <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ottawa\" >Ottawa<\/a>, over support for <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Syria\" >Syria<\/a>, nuclear plans and alleged rights abuses.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Canada\u2019s Relations with Iran:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/news\/world\/why-canada-severed-relations-with-iran-1.1141348\" >Why Canada severed relations with Iran \u2013 CBC News \u2013 Sep 8, 2012<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/news.nationalpost.com\/full-comment\/david-frum-good-riddance-to-iranian-diplomats\" >Iran-Canada relations: Good riddance to Iranian diplomats: Why now? , by David Frum \u2013 September 8, 2012 \u2013 NationalPost.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.canadainternational.gc.ca\/iran\/canada-iran\/index.aspx?lang=eng\" >Canada \u2013 Iran Relations: Official website of the Government of Canada<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.canadainternational.gc.ca\/china-chine\/bilateral_relations_bilaterales\/index.aspx?lang=eng\" >Bilateral Relations: Official website of the Government of Canada<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/iran-blog\/2014\/may\/15\/canada-getting-it-wrong-on-iran\" >\u201c<em>As west moves towards reconciliation with Tehran, Ottawa is making a big mistake by pursuing a wrong policy which isolates Iran and hurts its people<\/em>\u201d \u2013 Why Canada getting it wrong with Iran, by Saeed Kamali Dehghan \u2013 Thursday 15 May 2014<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.ca\/news\/canada-iran-relations\/\" >Canada Iran Relations \u2013 HuffingtonPost.ca<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.ca\/2015\/07\/02\/baloney-meter-would-rest_n_7712274.html\" >Canada-Iran \u2018Best Friends\u2019 By Restoring Relations? That\u2019s A Lot Of Baloney, by Bruce Cheadle \u2013 07\/02\/2015 \u2013 HuffingtonPost.ca<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca\/en\/article\/iranians\/\" >Iranian Canadians \u2013 TheCandianEncyclopedia.ca<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Foreign Relations of Iran:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_Iran\" >Foreign relations of Iran \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.irantracker.org\/foreign-relations\" >Iranian Foreign Relations \u2013 IranTracker.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/iranprimer.usip.org\/resource\/timeline-irans-foreign-relations\" >Timeline of Iran\u2019s Foreign Relations, by Semira N. Nikou \u2013 United States Institute of Peace \u2013 The Iran Primer \u2013 USIP.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2012\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2012_Yunnan_earthquakes\" >A series of earthquakes<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yunnan\" >Yunnan<\/a>, China, kills 89 people and injures 800 others.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2011\u00a0 <\/strong>A <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2011_Lokomotiv_Yaroslavl_air_disaster\" >plane crash<\/a> in Russia kills 43 people, including nearly the entire roster of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lokomotiv_Yaroslavl\" >Lokomotiv Yaroslavl<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kontinental_Hockey_League\" >Kontinental Hockey League<\/a> team.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2010\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2010_Senkaku_boat_collision_incident\" >A Chinese fishing trawler<\/a> collided with two Japanese Coast Guard patrol boats in disputed waters near the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Senkaku_Islands\" >Senkaku Islands<\/a>. The collisions occurred around 10am, after the Japanese Coast Guard ordered the trawler to leave the area. After the collisions, Japanese sailors boarded the Chinese vessel and arrested the captain, Zhan Qixiong.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2008\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Federal_takeover_of_Fannie_Mae_and_Freddie_Mac\" >US Government takes control of<\/a> the two largest mortgage financing companies in the US, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fannie_Mae\" >Fannie Mae<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Freddie_Mac\" >Freddie Mac<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2005\u00a0 <\/strong>Egypt holds its first-ever <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Egyptian_presidential_election,_2005\" >multi-party presidential election<\/a>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/research\/papers\/2005\/08\/24middleeast-wittes\" >The 2005 Egyptian Elections: How Free? How Important? , by Tamara Cofman. Wittes \u2013 August 24, 2005 \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/itvs.org\/egypt\" >Egypt and Democracy \u2013 ITVS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.iri.org\/sites\/default\/files\/fields\/field_files_attached\/resource\/egypts_2005_presidential_election_assessment_report.pdf\" >INTERNATIONAL REPUBLICAN INSTITUTE &#8211; FINAL REPROT \u2013 2005 PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION ASSESSMENT IN EGYPT: AUGUST 15 \u2013 SEPTEMBER 9, 2005 \u2013 USAID<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/digital.library.unt.edu\/ark:\/67531\/metacrs10216\/\" >Egypt: 2005 Presidential and Parliamentary Elections \u2013 UNT.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2004\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hurricane_Ivan\" >Hurricane Ivan<\/a>, a Category 5 hurricane hits Grenada, killing 39 and damaging 90% of its buildings.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1999\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1999_Athens_earthquake\" >A 5.9 magnitude earthquake<\/a> rocks <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Athens\" >Athens<\/a>, rupturing a previously unknown fault, killing 143, injuring more than 500, and leaving 50,000 people homeless.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1988\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Abdul_Ahad_Mohmand\" >Abdul Ahad Mohmand<\/a>, the first <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Afghan_people\" >Afghan<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Outer_space\" >space<\/a>, returns aboard the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soviet_Union\" >Soviet<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Spacecraft\" >spacecraft<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soyuz_TM-5\" >Soyuz TM-5<\/a> after 9 days on the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mir\" >Mir<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Space_station\" >space station<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1986\u00a0 <\/strong>General <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Augusto_Pinochet\" >Augusto Pinochet<\/a>, president of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chile\" >Chile<\/a>, escapes attempted assassination.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1986\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Desmond_Tutu\" >Desmond Tutu<\/a> becomes the first <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Black_people\" >black<\/a> man to lead the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anglican_Communion\" >Anglican Church<\/a> in South Africa.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/tutu-becomes-archbishop\" > 7, 1986: THIS DAY IN HISTORY \u2013 Tutu becomes archbishop \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/1986\/sep\/08\/southafrica.davidberesford\" >Nobel Peace Prize winner becomes archbishop of Cape Town in South Africa, by David Beresford \u2013 Monday, 8 September 1986 \u2013 TheGuardian.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1979\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chrysler_Corporation\" >Chrysler Corporation<\/a> asks the United States government for US$1.5\u00a0billion to avoid <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bankruptcy\" >bankruptcy<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1978\u00a0 <\/strong>While walking across <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Waterloo_Bridge\" >Waterloo Bridge<\/a> in London, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bulgaria\" >Bulgarian<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dissident\" >dissident<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Georgi_Markov\" >Georgi Markov<\/a> is assassinated by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bulgaria\" >Bulgarian<\/a> secret police agent Francesco Giullino by means of a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ricin\" >ricin<\/a> pellet fired from a specially-designed umbrella.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1977\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Torrijos%E2%80%93Carter_Treaties\" >Torrijos\u2013Carter Treaties<\/a> between <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Panama\" >Panama<\/a> and the United States on the status of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Panama_Canal\" >Panama Canal<\/a> are signed. The United States agrees to transfer control of the canal to <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Panama\" >Panama<\/a> at the end of the 20th century.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1970\u00a0 <\/strong>Fighting between <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Arab\" >Arab<\/a> guerrillas and government forces in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Amman\" >Amman<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jordan\" >Jordan<\/a>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Black_September_in_Jordan\" >Black September in Jordan \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/2001-2009.state.gov\/documents\/organization\/113360.pdf\" >Jordan \u2013 September 1970 \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.freerepublic.com\/focus\/news\/667398\/posts\" >Black September (an overview of past Palestinian terrorism): Black September and the Black September Movement<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1966\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> at Eastern Kazakh\/<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Semipalatinsk_Test_Site\" >Semipalitinsk<\/a> USSR.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovwpnprog.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/tests\/USSR-ntestsS.html\" >Database of nuclear tests, USSR\/Russia: overview \u2013 JohnstonArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/soviet_nuclear_testing_semipalatinsk_20th_anniversary\/24311518.html\" >Slow Death of Kazakhstan\u2019s Land Of Nuclear Tests \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty \u2013 RFRL.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/large.stanford.edu\/courses\/2014\/ph241\/powell2\/docs\/vakulchuk.pdf\" >Semipalitinsk nuclear testing: the humanitarian consequences \u2013 Norwegian Institute of International Affairs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thebulletin.org\/lasting-toll-semipalatinsks-nuclear-testing\" >The lasting toll of Semipalitinsk\u2019s nuclear testing \u2013 TheBulletin.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/12566948_External_doses_of_residents_near_Semipalatinsk_nuclear_test_site\" >External Doses of Residents near Semipalitinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 ResearchGate.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.irpa.net\/irpa10\/cdrom\/00504.pdf\" >Radiation Exposure on Residents due to Semipalitinsk Nuclear Tests \u2013 IRPA.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1965\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vietnam_War\" >Vietnam War<\/a>: In a follow-up to <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/August\" >August<\/a>&#8216;s Operation Starlight, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States_Marines\" >United States Marines<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/South_Vietnam\" >South Vietnamese<\/a> forces initiate Operation Piranha on the Batangan Peninsula.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1965\u00a0 <\/strong>China announces that it will reinforce its troops on the Indian border.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/China%E2%80%93India_relations\" >China \u2013 India relations \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wilsoncenter.org\/sites\/default\/files\/CWIHP_WP_64_Beyond%20India_The_Utility_of_Sino_Pakistani_Relations_in_Chinese_Foreign_Policy.pdf\" >Beyond India: The Utility of Sino-Pakistan Relations in Chinese Foreign Policy, 1962 \u2013 1965, by Christopher Tang, November 2012 \u2013 WilsonCenter.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/india\/129.htm\" >China \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/india\/\" >India \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/in.china-embassy.org\/eng\/zygxc\/\" >China \u2013 India relations \u2013 Embassy of China to India<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ignca.nic.in\/ks_41061.htm\" >INDIA \u2013 CHINA RELATIONS \u2013 A MILITARY PERSPECTIVE, by V.R. Raghavan<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rediff.com\/news\/2005\/sep\/30war.htm\" >1965 war: The Chinese bluff \u2013 Rediff.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sino-Indian_War\" >Sino-Indian War \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/research\/opinions\/2013\/10\/08-india-china-relations-madan\" >India\u2019s Relations with China: The Good, the Bad and (Potentially) Ugly, by Tanvi Madan \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/tribune.com.pk\/story\/891264\/on-china-india-relations\/\" >On China \u2013 India Relations, by Shahid Javed Burki \u2013 May 24, 2015 \u2013 Tribune.com.pk<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1961\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jo%C3%A3o_Goulart\" >Jo\u00e3o Goulart<\/a> becomes President of Brazil.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1953\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Garfield_Todd\" >Garfield Todd<\/a> becomes Prime Minister of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Southern_Rhodesia\" >Southern Rhodesia<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1953\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mohammad_Daoud_Khan\" >Mohammad Daoud Khan<\/a> becomes Premier of Afghanistan.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1953\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nikita_Khrushchev\" >Nikita Khrushchev<\/a> is elected <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/General_Secretary_of_the_Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >first secretary<\/a> of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >Communist Party of the Soviet Union<\/a>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Nikita-Sergeyevich-Khrushchev\" >Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/redfiles\/bios\/all_bio_nikita_khrushchev.htm\" >Nikita Khrushchev (1894 \u2013 1971) \u2013 PBS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.u-s-history.com\/pages\/h1906.html\" >Nikita Khrushchev \u2013 U-S-history.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/history\/historic_figures\/khrushchev_nikita.shtml\" >Nikita Khrushchev (1894 \u2013 1971) \u2013 History \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/cold-war\/nikita-sergeyevich-khrushchev\" >NIKITA KHRUSHCHEV \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1945\u00a0 <\/strong>Japanese forces on <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wake_Island\" >Wake Island<\/a>, which they had held since December of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1941\" >1941<\/a>, surrender to <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States_Marine_Corps\" >U.S. Marines<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1943\u00a0 <\/strong>987 Dutch Jewish transported to Auschwitz Concentration Camp.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.notredamedesion.org\/en\/dialogue_docs.php?a=3b&amp;id=634\" >Reflections on the Life and Thought of Etty Hillesum Joseph Sievers \u2013 Notre Dame de Sion<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ushmm.org\/wlc\/en\/article.php?ModuleId=10005434\" >Amsterdam \u2013 Holocaust Encyclopedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.enotes.com\/topics\/an-interrupted-life\" >Book: \u201c<em>The book ends with a letter of September 7, 1943, written by Hillesum\u2019s friend Jopie Vleeschower, who witnessed her departure for Auschwitz. This letter serves as an epitaph for the courage of Etty Hillesum and others like her<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 An Interrupted Life, by Etty Hillesum<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.holocaustresearchproject.org\/othercamps\/auschproto2.html\" >The Auschwitz Protocol: The Vrba-Wetzler Report \u2013 HolocaustResearchProject.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ushmm.org\/online\/archival-guide\/list.php\" >Guide to the Archival Collections of the United States Holocaust Museum \u2013 USHMM.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishgen.org\/infofiles\/CapturedGermanRecords.html\" >The \u201cCaptured German Records\u201d Collection, by Peter W. Lande \u2013 June 2001 \u2013 JewishGen.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1943\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_II\" >World War II<\/a>: The German 17th Army begins its evacuation of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kuban_bridgehead\" >Kuban bridgehead<\/a> (Taman Peninsula) in southern Russia and moves across the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Strait_of_Kerch\" >Strait of Kerch<\/a> to the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crimea\" >Crimea<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1942\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_II\" >World War II<\/a>: Australian and US forces inflict a significant defeat upon the Japanese at the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Milne_Bay\" >Battle of Milne Bay<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1942\u00a0 <\/strong>First flight of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Consolidated_Aircraft\" >Consolidated<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/B-32_Dominator\" >B-32 Dominator<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1940\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Treaty_of_Craiova\" >Treaty of Craiova<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Romania\" >Romania<\/a> loses <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Southern_Dobruja\" >Southern Dobruja<\/a> to <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bulgaria\" >Bulgaria<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1936\u00a0 <\/strong>The last <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Thylacine\" >thylacine<\/a>, a carnivorous marsupial named <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Benjamin_the_thylacine\" >Benjamin<\/a>, dies alone in its cage at the Hobart Zoo in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tasmania\" >Tasmania<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1932\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Boquer%C3%B3n\" >Battle of Boquer\u00f3n<\/a>, the first major battle of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chaco_War\" >Chaco War<\/a>, commences.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Battle of Boquer\u00f3n:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/discoveringparaguay.com\/home\/victoria-de-boqueron-victory-of-boqueron\/\" >Victoria de Boquer\u00f3n \u2013 Victory of Boquer\u00f3n \u2013 DiscoverInParaguay.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.academia.edu\/8596524\/Fort%C3%ADn_Boquer%C3%B3n_a_conflict_landscape_past_and_present\" >Fort\u00edn Boquer\u00f3n: a conflict landscape past and present, by Esther Breithoff \u2013 Academia.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.marktheday.com\/nationholidaydates\/pry_boqueronbattlevictoryday.aspx\" >Boqueron Battle Victory Day Holiday Resource \u2013 MarkTheDay.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Chaco War (1932-1935):<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www1.american.edu\/ted\/ice\/chaco.htm\" >ICE Case Studies: The Chaco War, by Ryan Lindsay \u2013 Case Number 48; Case Identifier: Chaco; Case Name: Chaco War \u2013 American.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Chaco-War\" >Chaco War: Bolivia and Paraguay [1932-1935] \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.greatmilitarybattles.com\/html\/the_chaco_war.html\" >THE CHACO WAR \u2013 GreatMilitaryBattles.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.latinamericanstudies.org\/chaco-war-1.htm\" >Chaco War \u2013 LatinAmericanStudies.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.latinamericanstudies.org\/chaco-war.htm\" >Chaco War (1932-1935) \u2013 LatinAmericanStudies.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1927<\/strong>\u00a0 The first fully electronic television system is achieved by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Philo_Farnsworth\" >Philo Farnsworth<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1922\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bank_of_Latvia\" >Bank of Latvia<\/a> established.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1922\u00a0 <\/strong>In <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ayd%C4%B1n\" >Ayd\u0131n<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Turkey\" >Turkey<\/a>, independence of Ayd\u0131n, from Greek occupation.<\/p>\n<p><em>Also see the date of<\/em> \u201c<strong>SEPTEMBER 13, 1922\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong>The final act of the Greco-Turkish War, the Great Fire of Smyrna, commences.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Aydin:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Aydin\" >Aydin \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/looklex.com\/e.o\/aydin.htm\" >Aydin \u2013 Looklex Encyclopedia &#8211; Looklex.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Ayd%C4%B1n\" >Battle of Aydin &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/aydin.trade\/city\" >Aydin, Turkey \u2013 Aydin.Trade<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>History of Aydin, and Greco-Turkish War:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ayd%C4%B1nids\" >Aydinids \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=42VsSbNb4qE\" >YouTube video (8 min. 41 sec.): The Battle of Aydin<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Greco-Turkish_War_%281919%E2%80%9322%29\" >Greco-Turkish War (1919-1922) \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Greco-Turkish-War-1921-1922\" >Greco-Turkish War (1921-1022) \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/military\/world\/war\/greco-turkish.htm\" >1919-1922 \u2013 Greco-Turkish War \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=xnEsvyZBXGI\" >YouTube video (59 min. 33 sec.): The Greco-Turkish War of 1919-1922<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1921\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Legion_of_Mary\" >Legion of Mary<\/a>, the largest <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Consecrated_life#Apostolic_congregations\" >apostolic<\/a> organization of lay people in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Catholic_Church\" >Catholic Church<\/a>, is founded in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dublin\" >Dublin<\/a>, Ireland.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.legionofmary.ie\/\" >CONCILIUM LEGIONIS MARIAE \u2013 Official site of the Legion of Mary<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/legionofmary.org\/\" >Legion of Mary \u2013 Unofficial site of the Legion of Mary<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1916\u00a0 <\/strong>US federal employees win the right to <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Workers%27_compensation\" >Workers&#8217; compensation<\/a> by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Federal_Employers_Liability_Act\" >Federal Employers Liability Act<\/a> (39 Stat. 742; 5 U.S.C. 751)<\/p>\n<p><strong>1911\u00a0 <\/strong>French poet <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guillaume_Apollinaire\" >Guillaume Apollinaire<\/a> is arrested and put in jail on suspicion of stealing the <em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mona_Lisa\" >Mona Lisa<\/a><\/em> from the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Louvre\" >Louvre<\/a> museum.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1906 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alberto_Santos-Dumont\" >Alberto Santos-Dumont<\/a> flies his <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/14-bis\" >14-bis<\/a> aircraft at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Bagatelle\" >Bagatelle<\/a>, France for the first time successfully.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1901\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Boxer_Rebellion\" >Boxer Rebellion<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Qing_dynasty\" >Qing dynasty<\/a> China officially ends with the signing of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Boxer_Protocol\" >Boxer Protocol<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1873\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Emilio_Castelar_y_Ripoll\" >Emilio Castelar y Ripoll<\/a> becomes President of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/First_Spanish_Republic\" >First Spanish Republic<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1860\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Italian_re-unification\" >Italian re-unification<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Garibaldi\" >Garibaldi<\/a> enters Naples.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1857\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mountain_Meadows_massacre\" >Mountain Meadows massacre<\/a>: Mormon settlers slaughter most members of peaceful, emigrant wagon train.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1822\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pedro_I_of_Brazil\" >Dom Pedro I<\/a> declares <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Independence_of_Brazil\" >Brazil independent<\/a> from Portugal on the shores of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ipiranga_Brook\" >Ipiranga Brook<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/S%C3%A3o_Paulo\" >S\u00e3o Paulo<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1812\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/French_invasion_of_Russia\" >French invasion of Russia<\/a>: The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Borodino\" >Battle of Borodino<\/a>, the bloodiest battle of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Napoleonic_Wars\" >Napoleonic Wars<\/a>, was fought near Moscow and resulted in a French victory.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1776\u00a0 <\/strong>According to American colonial reports, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ezra_Lee\" >Ezra Lee<\/a> makes the world&#8217;s first <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Submarine\" >submarine<\/a> attack in the <em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Turtle_%28submersible%29\" >Turtle<\/a><\/em>, attempting to attach a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Time_bomb_%28explosive%29\" >time bomb<\/a> to the hull of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/HMS_Eagle_%281774%29\" >HMS <em>Eagle<\/em><\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/New_York_Harbor\" >New York Harbor<\/a> (no British records of this attack exist).<\/p>\n<p><strong>1764\u00a0 <\/strong>Election of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Stanis%C5%82aw_August_Poniatowski\" >Stanis\u0142aw August Poniatowski<\/a> as the last ruler of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Polish-Lithuanian_Commonwealth\" >Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1706\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/War_of_the_Spanish_Succession\" >War of the Spanish Succession<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Siege_of_Turin\" >Siege of Turin<\/a> ends, leading to the withdrawal of French forces from North Italy.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>SEPTEMBER 8<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/International_Literacy_Day\" >INTERNATIONAL LITERACY DAY<\/a><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>2004\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/NASA\" >NASA<\/a>&#8216;s unmanned spacecraft <em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Genesis_%28spacecraft%29\" >Genesis<\/a><\/em> crash-lands when its parachute fails to open.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1991\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Republic_of_Macedonia\" >Republic of Macedonia<\/a> becomes independent.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Macedonia and Its History:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Macedonia\" >Macedonia \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/macedonia.html\" >Macedonia \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyofmacedonia.org\/ConciseMacedonia\/ShortHistory.html\" >Short History of Macedonia \u2013 HistoryOfMacedonia.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_the_Republic_of_Macedonia\" >History of the Republic of Macedonia \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/macedonia\/history\" >Macedonia \u2013 History \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.macedonian-heritage.gr\/HistoryOfMacedonia\/\" >Macedonian Heritage \u2013 The History of Macedonia, edited by Ioannis Koliopoulos \u2013 MacedonianHeritage.gr<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/vjw\/Macedonia.html\" >Jewish History of Macedonia \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyofmacedonia.org\/ConciseMacedonia\/timeline.html\" >Timeline of the History of Macedonia \u2013 HistoryOfMacedonia.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/eudocs.lib.byu.edu\/index.php\/History_of_Macedonia:_Primary_Documents\" >History of Macedonia: Primary Documents \u2013 BYU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Independence of Macedonia:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Macedonian_independence_referendum,_1991\" >Macedonia independence referendum, 1991 &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/makedonija.name\/history\/independence-of-macedonia\" >INDEPENDENCE OF THE REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA (SEPTEMBER 8, 1991) \u2013 Makedonija.name<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Independence_Day_%28Republic_of_Macedonia%29\" >Independence Day of the Republic of Macedonia &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1979\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-united-states-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >US performs nuclear test<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nevada_Test_Site\" >Nevada Test Site<\/a>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_United_States\" >List of the nuclear weapons tests of the United States &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fas.org\/nuke\/guide\/usa\/facility\/nts.htm\" >NEVADA TEST SITE \u2013 FAS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/wmd\/facility\/nts.htm\" >NEVADA TEST SITE \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.onlinenevada.org\/articles\/nevada-test-site-overview\" >Nevada Test Site Overview \u2013 OnlineNevada.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/about\/projects\/archive\/nucweapons\/nts\" >Nuclear testing at the Nevada Test Site \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/toxipedia.org\/display\/wanmec\/Nevada+Test+Site\" >Nevada Test Site \u2013 Toxipedia.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/digital.library.unlv.edu\/ntsohp\/\" >Nevada Test Site \u2013 Oral History Project<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nv.doe.gov\/library\/publications\/Environmental\/DOENV_11718_594.pdf\" >ECOLOGY OF THE NEVADA TEST SITE: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nevadatestsite.info\/\" >Nevada Test Site Workers Exposed to Radiation \u2013 National Cancer Benefits Center \u2013 NevadaTestSite.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/about\/projects\/archive\/nucweapons\/50\" >50 Facts About the US Nuclear Weapons \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Usa\/Tests\/\" >Gallery of US Nuclear Tests \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.acq.osd.mil\/ncbdp\/nm\/nm_book_5_11\/index.htm\" >The Nuclear Matters Handbook<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1978\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Black_Friday_%281978%29\" >Black Friday<\/a>, a massacre by soldiers against protesters in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tehran\" >Tehran<\/a>, provoked 88 deaths, it marks the beginning of the end of the monarchy in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Iran\" >Iran<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>1975\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gays_in_the_military\" >Gays in the military<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States_Air_Force\" >US Air Force<\/a> Tech Sergeant <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Leonard_Matlovich\" >Leonard Matlovich<\/a>, a decorated veteran of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vietnam_War\" >Vietnam War<\/a>, appears in his Air Force uniform on the cover of <em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Time_%28magazine%29\" >Time<\/a><\/em> magazine with the headline &#8220;I Am A Homosexual&#8221;. He is given a general discharge, which was later upgraded to honorable.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1974\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Watergate_Scandal\" >Watergate Scandal<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/President_of_the_United_States\" >US President<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gerald_Ford\" >Gerald Ford<\/a> pardons former President <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Richard_Nixon\" >Richard Nixon<\/a> for any crimes Nixon may have committed while in office.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1967\u00a0 <\/strong>The formal end of steam traction in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/North_East_of_England\" >North East of England<\/a> by British Railways.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1965\u00a0 <\/strong>Pakistan Navy raids Indian coasts without any resistance in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Operation_Dwarka\" >Operation Dwarka<\/a>, Pakistan celebrates <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Victory_Day\" >Victory Day<\/a> annually.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1962\u00a0 <\/strong>Last run of the famous <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pines_Express\" >Pines Express<\/a> over the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Somerset_and_Dorset_Railway\" >Somerset and Dorset Railway<\/a> line (UK) fittingly using the last steam locomotive built by British Railways, 9F locomotive 92220 <em>Evening Star<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1962\u00a0 <\/strong>Newly independent <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Algeria\" >Algeria<\/a>, by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Referendum\" >referendum<\/a>, adopts a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Constitution_of_Algeria\" >constitution<\/a>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/algeria\" >Algeria \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Algeria\" >Algeria \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.newworldencyclopedia.org\/entry\/Algeria\" >Algeria \u2013 New World Encyclopedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>History of Algeria:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Algeria\" >History of Algeria \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyworld.net\/wrldhis\/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=ac92\" >HISTORY OF ALGERIA \u2013 History World \u2013 HistoryWorld.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/algeria\/history\" >History of Algeria \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/africanhistory.about.com\/od\/algeria\/\" >Algeria \u2013 History \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/algeria-history.html\" >Algeria \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nationsonline.org\/oneworld\/History\/Algeria-history.htm\" >History of Algeria \u2013 NationOnline.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Independence of Algeria:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/courses.wcupa.edu\/jones\/his312\/lectures\/algeria.htm\" >Algerian Independence, by Jim Jones \u2013 WCUPA.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Algerian-War\" >Algerian War of Independence a.k.a. Algerian War \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historytoday.com\/martin-evans\/french-resistance-and-algerian-war\" >French Resistance and Algerian War \u2013 HistoryToday.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/matrix.msu.edu\/hst\/fisher\/HST150\/unit10\/mod\/algerian_war.html\" >Algerian War for Independence \u2013 MSU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/history\/algeria\/\" >History of Algerian Independence \u2013 Marxists.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1962\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Novaya_Zemlya\" >Novaya Zemlya<\/a> USSR.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/wmd\/world\/russia\/novaya_zemlya_nuc.htm\" >Novaya Zemlya \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.atlasobscura.com\/places\/novaya-zemlya\" >NOVAYA ZEMLYA \u2013 AtlasObscura.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.giantbomb.com\/novaya-zemlya\/3035-3167\/\" >Novaya Zemlya \u2013 GiantBomb.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.arkcode.com\/custom3_64.html\" >NOVA ZEMLYA (NOVAYA ZEMLYA) 58 MEGA TON H BOMB TEST \u2013 ArkCode.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nti.org\/facilities\/924\/\" >Central Test Site of Russia on Novaya Zemlya \u2013 NTI.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www1.american.edu\/ted\/ice\/novalya.htm\" >ICE Case Studies \u2013 Novaya Zemlya, by Carrie McVicker \u2013 American.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/earthobservatory.nasa.gov\/IOTD\/view.php?id=39591\" >Novaya Zemlya Archipelago \u2013 Image \u2013 NASA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/novayazemlya.net\/\" >Novaya Zemlya Archipelago \u2013 NovayaZemlya.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclear-risks.org\/en\/hibakusha-worldwide\/novaya-zemlya.html\" >Novaya Zemlya, Russia \u2013 Nuclear-Risks.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/tass.ru\/en\/russia\/743105\" >Novaya Zemlya: test site for most powerful nuclear bomb ever detonated \u2013 July 31, 2014 \u2013 TASS Russian News Agency<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclearno.com\/text.asp?11073\" >Novaya Zemlya: birds, animals adapt nuclear test site, by Tatyana Sinitsyna \u2013 RIA Novosti, Russia \u2013 15 August 2006<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/of\/1993\/0501\/report.pdf\" >UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOGRPAPHICAL SURVEY \u2013 Physical Environment of the Underground Nuclear Test Site on Novaya Zemlya, Russia, by John R. Matzko \u2013 Open-File Report 93-501 \u2013 Reston, Virginia &#8211; 1993<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>1960\u00a0 <\/strong>In <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Huntsville,_Alabama\" >Huntsville, Alabama<\/a>, US President Dwight D. Eisenhower formally dedicates the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marshall_Space_Flight_Center\" >Marshall Space Flight Center<\/a> (<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/NASA\" >NASA<\/a> had already activated the facility on July 1).<\/p>\n<p><strong>1959\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Asian_Institute_of_Technology\" >Asian Institute of Technology<\/a> (AIT) is established.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1954\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Southeast_Asia_Treaty_Organization\" >Southeast Asia Treaty Organization<\/a> (SEATO) is established.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1951 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Japanese_Peace_Treaty_Conference\" >Treaty of San Francisco, or commonly known as the Treaty of Peace with Japan, Peace Treaty of San Francisco, or San Francisco Peace Treaty<\/a>, between <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Japan\" >Japan<\/a> and the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Allies_of_World_War_II\" >Allied Powers<\/a>, is officially signed by 48 <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nation\" >nations<\/a><\/p>\n<p><em>For some relevant information, visit: <\/em><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2015\/08\/this-week-in-history-38\/\" >August 30, 1945\u00a0 General Douglas MacArthur, Supreme Commander of the Allied \u2013 Powers (SCAP), arrives at Atsugi Airfield, Atsugi City, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan.<\/a><\/strong>; <strong><em>and\/or<\/em><\/strong> <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2015\/08\/this-week-in-history-39\/\" >September 2, 1945\u00a0 World War II: Combat ends in the Pacific Theater: the Instrument of Surrender of Japan is signed by Japanese Foreign Minister Mamoru Shigemitsu and accepted aboard the battleship USS Missouri in Tokyo Bay.<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/worldhistoryproject.org\/1951\/9\/8\/japan-signs-the-treaty-of-san-francisco-and-the-treaty-of-taipei-to-become-a-sovereign-state\" >Sep 8 1951: Japan Signs the Treaty of San Francisco and the Treaty of Taipei to Become a Sovereign State \u2013 WorldHistoryProject.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/ww2db.com\/battle_spec.php?battle_id=316\" >San Francisco Peace Conference: 8 Sep 1951, by C. Peter Chen \u2013 World War II Database<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.taiwandocuments.org\/sanfrancisco01.htm\" >Full text of the Treaty of Peace with Japan \u2013 TaiwanDocuments.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/taiwandocuments.org\/sanfrancisco02.htm\" >Full text of the Protocol to the Treaty of Peace with Japan \u2013 TaiwanDocuments.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com\/San+Francisco%2c+Peace+Treaty+of+1951\" >Peace Treaty of San Francisco of 1951 \u2013 TheFreeDictionary.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/digital.law.washington.edu\/dspace-law\/bitstream\/handle\/1773.1\/748\/11PacRimLPolyJ063.pdf\" >THE 1951 SAN FRANCISCO PEACE TRATY WITH JAPAN AND THE TERRITORIAL DISPUTES IN EAST ASIA, by Seokwoo Lee<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/dokdo-or-takeshima.blogspot.com\/2008\/08\/1951-september-9th-san-francisco-peace.html\" >A study of the territorial dispute between Japan and Korea over Liancourt Rocks, a small cluster of barren, rocky islets in the Sea of Japan that Japanese call Takeshima and Koreans call Dokdo.<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/chinesejil.oxfordjournals.org\/content\/9\/4\/741.full\" >The 1951 San Francisco Peace Treaty and Its Relevance to the Sovereignty over Dokdo, by Seokwoo Lee and Jon M. Van Dyke<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jpri.org\/publications\/workingpapers\/wp78.html\" >A Just Peace? The 1951 San Francisco Peace Treaty in Historical Perspective, by John Price &#8211; JPRI Working Paper No. 78, June 2001 \u2013 Japan Policy Research Institute<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/diyhomeschooler.com\/the-treaty-of-san-francisco-a-mini-unit\/\" >The Treaty of San Francisco: A Unit Study \u2013 DIYHomeSchooler.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1951\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Security_Treaty_Between_the_United_States_and_Japan\" >The Security Treaty between the United States and Japan of 1951<\/a> is signed.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/ocw.mit.edu\/ans7870\/21f\/21f.027\/tokyo_1960\/anp2_essay01.html\" >\u201c<em>The Treaty of Peace with Japan, popularly known as the San Francisco Peace Treaty, was signed by Japan and 47 other nations in September 1951, laying out the terms, widely regarded as generous, for Japan to resume sovereignty in 1952. Only a few hours later on the same day, however, Japan signed a second, bilateral security treaty with the United States. This established the terms of a continued military alliance between the two countries, and locked Japan firmly within the orbit of U.S. cold-war strategy<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Tokyo 1960: Days of Rage and Grief<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/avalon.law.yale.edu\/20th_century\/japan001.asp\" >Text of the Security Treaty Between the United States and Japan; September 8, 1951 \u2013 Avalon Project \u2013 Yale Law School<\/a>, or <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/afe.easia.columbia.edu\/ps\/japan\/bilateral_treaty.pdf\" >the same text on this website<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/office.nanzan-u.ac.jp\/cie\/gaiyo\/kiyo\/pdf_09\/kenkyu_03.pdf\" >Legacy of World War II, Legacy of the United States Occupation \u2013 Evolution of Japan\u2019s Foreign Policy, by David M. Potter<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cfr.org\/japan\/us-japan-security-alliance\/p31437\" >\u201c<em>Signed in 1951 alongside the Treaty of San Francisco that ended World War II, the original U.S.-Japan Mutual Security Treaty was a ten-year, renewable military agreement<\/em>\u2026\u201d \u2013 US \u2013 Japan Defense Treaty \u2013 The US-Japan Security Alliance, by Beina Xu \u2013 CFR Backgrounders \u2013 CFR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.learner.org\/workshops\/primarysources\/coldwar\/docs\/usjapan.html\" >US and Japan Mutual Defense Assistance Agreement (March 4, 1954)<\/a> <strong><em>and\/or<\/em><\/strong> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cfr.org\/japan\/us-japan-mutual-defense-assistance-agreement-1954\/p10440\" >\u201c<em>Building on the Mutual Security Treaty of 1951 between the United States and Japan, this treaty provided for the presence of U.S. armed forces in Japan \u2018in the interest of peace and security\u2019 and called for Japan to assume greater responsibility for its defense, \u2018always avoiding armament which could be an offensive threat or serve other than to promote peace and security<\/em>&#8230;\u2019.\u201d \u2013 US-Japan Mutual Defense Assistance Agreement, 1954 \u2013 CFR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.japan-press.co.jp\/modules\/common\/download.php?path=\/home\/jpspress\/japan-press.co.jp\/public_html\/modules\/special_issues\/data\/1353913030.pdf&amp;name=2011_08%20Illusion%20of%20%E2%80%98equality%E2%80%99.pdf\" >\u201c<em>The revision of the 1951 Japan-U.S. Security Treaty was initially proposed in order to erase \u201cthe Japanese feeling of inequality\u201d (\u201cUnited States Overseas Military Bases, Report to the President\u201d by Frank C. Nash, December 1957). This demonstrates the unequalness of the security treaty between Japan and the United States. Originally, the security treaty was an unequal treaty between the victorious United States and the defeated Japan that unconditionally surrendered. This is the root of Japan\u2019s subordinate relation with the U.S. In contrast, Germany, another defeated nation, under the multilateral treaty framework of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, has not been subordinated to the extent that the United States wanted it to be<\/em>.\u201d &#8211; Illusion of \u2018equality\u2019- Alliance of Subordination &#8211; Half Century of Japan-US Security Treaty<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nps.edu\/Academics\/Centers\/CCC\/PASCC\/Publications\/2014\/2014%20004%20Japan%20Politicization.pdf\" >\u201c<em>This report is the product of collaboration between the Naval Postgraduate &#8230; Japan and the United States are arguably each other&#8217;s most &#8230; Since the two countries&#8217; signing of their Mutual Security Treaty in 1951, Japan has<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Political Influence on Japan\u2019s Nuclear and Security Policy: New Force Face Large Obstacles, by Yuki Tatsumi and Dr. Robert Weiner<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1946\u00a0 <\/strong>95.6% vote in favor of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Republicanism\" >abolishing the monarchy<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bulgaria\" >Bulgaria<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Kingdom of Bulgaria:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kingdom_of_Bulgaria\" >Kingdom of Bulgaria \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/First_Bulgarian_Empire\" >First Bulgarian Empire \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.almanachdegotha.org\/id9.html\" >Kingdom of Bulgaria \u2013 AlmanachDeGotha.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nzhistory.net.nz\/war\/bulgaria-facts\" >Kingdom of Bulgaria \u2013 NZHistory.net.nz<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>History of Bulgaria:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Bulgaria_%281878%E2%80%931946%29\" >History of Bulgaria (1878 \u2013 1946) \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Bulgaria\" >History of Bulgaria \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bulgaria-embassy.org\/History_of_Bulgaria.htm\" >HITORY OF BULGARIA \u2013 Bulgaria-Embassy.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/bulgaria\/history\" >History \u2013 Bulgaria \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/history-of-Bulgaria\" >History of Bulgaria \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/visitstrandja.com\/short-history-Bulgaria.php\" >A Short history of Bulgaria \u2013 VisitStrandja.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/bulgaria-history.html\" >Bulgaria \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikisource.org\/wiki\/Essential_History_of_Bulgaria_in_Seven_Pages\" >ESSENTIAL HISTORY OF BULGARIA IN SEVEN PAGES, by Dr. Lyubomir Ivanov, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, March 2007<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.visitbulgaria.net\/en\/articles\/history.html\" >History of Bulgaria \u2013 VisitBulgaria.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/bghistorypodcast.com\/\" >THE BULGARIAN HISTORY PODCAST \u2013 HistoryPodcast.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/crowndevelopments.com\/en\/BulgariaHistory\" >Bulgarian Ancient History &amp; World History Timeline \u2013 CrownDevelopments.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/globaledge.msu.edu\/countries\/bulgaria\/history\/\" >Bulgaria: History \u2013 MSU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1945\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cold_War\" >Cold War<\/a>: United States troops arrive to partition the southern part of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Korea\" >Korea<\/a> in response to <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soviet_Union\" >Soviet<\/a> troops occupying the northern part of the peninsula a month earlier.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1944\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Menton\" >Menton<\/a> is liberated from Germany.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1944\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/London\" >London<\/a> is hit by a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/V-2\" >V-2<\/a> rocket for the first time.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1943\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States\" >United States<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/General\" >General<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dwight_D._Eisenhower\" >Dwight D. Eisenhower<\/a> publicly announces the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Allies_of_World_War_II\" >Allied<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Armistice_with_Italy\" >armistice with Italy<\/a>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Armistice_of_Cassibile\" >\u201c<em>The Armistice of Cassibile was an armistice signed on 3 September 1943 by Walter Bedell Smith and Giuseppe Castellano, and made public on 8 September, between the Kingdom of Italy and the Allies (&#8220;United Nations&#8221;) of World War II<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Armistice of Cassibile &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/avalon.law.yale.edu\/wwii\/italy01.asp\" >Text of the Armistice with Italy; September 3, 1943 \u2013 Avalon Project<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1943\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: The O.B.S. (German General Headquarters for the Mediterranean zone) in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Frascati\" >Frascati<\/a> is bombed by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/USAAF\" >USAAF<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1941\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_II\" >World War II<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Siege_of_Leningrad\" >Siege of Leningrad<\/a> begins. <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nazi_Germany\" >German<\/a> forces begin a siege against the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soviet_Union\" >Soviet Union<\/a>&#8216;s second-largest city, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Saint_Petersburg\" >Leningrad<\/a>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/siege-of-leningrad-begins\" >Sep 8 1941: THIS DAY IN HISTORY \u2013 Siege of Leningrad begins \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/worldhistoryproject.org\/1941\/9\/8\/siege-of-leningrad-begins\" >Sep 8 1941 Siege of Leningrad Begins \u2013 WorldHistoryProject.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.eyewitnesstohistory.com\/leningrad.htm\" >The Siege of Leningrad, 1941 \u2013 1944 \u2013 EyewitnessToHistory.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.saint-petersburg.com\/history\/siege.asp\" >The 900-day Siege of Leningrad \u2013 Saint-Petersburg.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Siege-of-Leningrad\" >Siege of Leningrad \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historylearningsite.co.uk\/world-war-two\/world-war-two-and-eastern-europe\/the-siege-of-leningrad\/\" >The Siege of Leningrad \u2013 HistoryLearningSite.co.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Effect_of_the_Siege_of_Leningrad_on_the_city\" >Effect of the Siege of Leningrad on the city \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1933\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ghazi_of_Iraq\" >Ghazi bin Faisal<\/a> became King of Iraq.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Iraq and Its History:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/iraq.html\" >Iraq \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Iraq\" >History of Iraq \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/asianhistory.about.com\/od\/Iraq\/p\/Iraq_Facts_and_History.htm\" >Iraq | Facts and History \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/history-of-Iraq\" >History of Iraq \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/arabic-media.com\/iraq_history.htm\" >Iraq History \u2013 Arabic Media<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Ghazi, Kings, and Kingdom of Iraq:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.redirectify.com\/people\/ghazi-of-iraq.html\" >Ghazi of Iraq \u2013 Redirectify.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/whenintime.com\/tl\/family\/Ghazi_of_Iraq\/\" >Family of Ghazi of Iraq \u2013 WhenInTime.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/almanachdegotha.org\/id253.html\" >Kingdom of Iraq<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.celebrityillustratedmagazine.com\/q\/List_of_Kings_of_Iraq\" >List of Kings of Iraq \u2013 CelebrityIllustratedMagazine.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1930\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/3M\" >3M<\/a> begins marketing <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Scotch_Tape\" >Scotch<\/a> transparent tape.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1926\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Weimar_Republic\" >Germany<\/a> is admitted to the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/League_of_Nations\" >League of Nations<\/a>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Member_states_of_the_League_of_Nations#1926\" >Member states of the League of Nations \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/spartacus-educational.com\/FWWleague.htm\" >League of Nations \u2013 Spartacus-Educational.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/avalon.law.yale.edu\/20th_century\/leagcov.asp\" >Covenant of the League of Nations \u2013 Avalon Project \u2013 Yale Law School<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/geography.about.com\/od\/politicalgeography\/a\/The-League-Of-Nations.htm\" >The League of Nations \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/league-nations-members.html\" >League of Nations \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/league-nations-successes-failures.html\" >Success and Failures of the League of Nations \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1925\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rif_War\" >Rif War<\/a>: Spanish forces including troops from the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Spanish_Legion\" >Foreign Legion<\/a> under Colonel <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Francisco_Franco\" >Francisco Franco<\/a> landing at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Al_Hoceima\" >Al Hoceima<\/a> (Northern <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Morocco\" >Morocco<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p><strong>1914\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_I\" >World War I<\/a>: Private <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Thomas_Highgate\" >Thomas Highgate<\/a> becomes the first British soldier to be executed for desertion during the war.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1888 <\/strong>In <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Spain\" >Spain<\/a>, the first travel of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Peral_Submarine\" >Isaac Peral&#8217;s submarine<\/a>, was the first practical submarine ever made.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1831\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/November_Uprising\" >November Uprising<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Warsaw_%281831%29\" >Battle of Warsaw<\/a> ends, effectively ending the Insurrection.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1796\u00a0 <\/strong>French Revolutionary Wars: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Bassano\" >Battle of Bassano<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/France\" >French<\/a> forces defeat <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Austria\" >Austrian<\/a> troops at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bassano_del_Grappa\" >Bassano del Grappa<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1793\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/French_Revolutionary_Wars\" >French Revolutionary Wars<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Hondschoote\" >Battle of Hondschoote<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1756\u00a0 <\/strong>French and Indian War: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kittanning_Expedition\" >Kittanning Expedition<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1755\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/French_and_Indian_War\" >French and Indian War<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Lake_George\" >Battle of Lake George<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1655\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Warsaw\" >Warsaw<\/a> falls without resistance to a small force under the command of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Charles_X_Gustav_of_Sweden\" >Charles X Gustav of Sweden<\/a> during <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Deluge_%28history%29\" >The Deluge<\/a>, making it the first time the city is captured by a foreign army.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>SEPTEMBER 9<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>2012\u00a0 <\/strong>A <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/9_September_2012_Iraq_attacks\" >wave of attacks<\/a> kill more than 100 people and injure 350 others across <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Iraq\" >Iraq<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2012\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indian_Space_Research_Organisation\" >Indian space agency<\/a> puts into orbit its <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SPOT_%28satellite%29#SPOT_6_and_SPOT_7\" >heaviest<\/a> foreign satellite yet, in a streak of 21 consecutive successful <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Polar_Satellite_Launch_Vehicle\" >PLSV<\/a> launches.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/topics.nytimes.com\/top\/reference\/timestopics\/subjects\/i\/india\/space_program\/index.html\" >India\u2019s Space Program \u2013 The New York Times<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jagranjosh.com\/general-knowledge\/INDIAN-SPACE-PROGRAMME-1292225043-1\" >INDIAN SPACE PROGRAMME \u2013 JagranJosh.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indian_human_spaceflight_programme\" >Indian human spaceflight programme &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2001\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Unix_time#Notable_events_in_Unix_time\" >Unix billenium<\/a> is reached, marking the beginning of the use of 10-digit decimal <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Unix_time\" >Unix time<\/a> stamps.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2001\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/P%C3%A4rnu_methanol_tragedy\" >P\u00e4rnu methanol tragedy<\/a> occurs in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/P%C3%A4rnu_County\" >P\u00e4rnu County<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Estonia\" >Estonia<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2001\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ahmad_Shah_Massoud\" >Ahmad Shah Massoud<\/a>, leader of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Northern_Alliance\" >Northern Alliance<\/a>, is assassinated in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Afghanistan\" >Afghanistan<\/a> by two <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Al-Qaeda\" >al-Qaeda<\/a> assassins who claimed to be Arab journalists wanting an interview.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1993\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Palestine_Liberation_Organization\" >Palestine Liberation Organization<\/a> officially recognizes <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Israel\" >Israel<\/a> as a legitimate state.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/unispal.un.org\/UNISPAL.NSF\/0\/36917473237100E285257028006C0BC5\" >Israel-PLO Recognition: Exchange of Letters between PM Rabin and Chairman Arafat &#8211; LETTER FROM YASSER ARAFAT TO PRIME MINISTER RABIN: September 9, 1993<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/mfa.gov.il\/MFA\/ForeignPolicy\/MFADocuments\/Yearbook9\/Pages\/107%20Israel-PLO%20Mutual%20Recognition-%20Letters%20and%20Spe.aspx\" >107 Israel-Palestine Recognition-Letters and Speeches \u2013 10 September 1993 \u2013 Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/Peace\/recogn.html\" >Israel-Palestine Peace Process: Letters of Mutual Recognition \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.thejewishweek.com\/editorial-opinion\/opinion\/flaw-us-policy-even-plo-recognizes-israels-right-west-jerusalem\" >Flaw in US Policy: Even PLO recognizes Israel\u2019s right to West Jerusalem, by Avil Bell \u2013 Wed, 6\/17\/2015 \u2013 The Jewish Week<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/Peace\/ispal.html\" >Israel-Palestine Negotiations: History &amp; Overview \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1991\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tajikistan\" >Tajikistan<\/a> declares independence from the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soviet_Union\" >Soviet Union<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Tajikistan:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/geos\/ti.html\" >TAJIKISTAN \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK &#8211; CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/tajikistan.html\" >Tajikistan \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.newworldencyclopedia.org\/entry\/Tajikistan\" >Tajikistan \u2013 New World Encyclopedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Tajikistan\" >Tajikistan \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nationsonline.org\/oneworld\/tajikistan.htm\" >Tajikistan \u2013 NationsOnline.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/worldfacts.us\/Tajikistan.htm\" >Facts about Tajikistan \u2013 WorldFacts.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-asia-16201032\" >Tajikistan country profile &#8211; BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>History of Tajikistan:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Tajikistan\" >History of Tajikistan \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/history-of-Tajikistan\" >History of Tajikistan \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/tajikistan-history.html\" >Tajikistan \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/asianhistory.about.com\/od\/Tajikistan_History_Culture\/p\/Tajikistan_Facts_History.htm\" >Tajikistan | Facts and History \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.academia.edu\/People\/History_of_Tajikistan\" >History of Tajikistan \u2013 Academia.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-asia-16201087\" >Tajikistan profile: Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Independence of Tajikistan:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com\/Tajikistan+Independence+Day\" >Tajikistan Independence Day \u2013 The Free Dictionary<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/m.state.gov\/md146843.htm\" >REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN\u2019S INDEPENDENCE DAY \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Tajikistan and Its Foreign Relations:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/military\/world\/centralasia\/tajik-forrel.htm\" >Tajikistan \u2013 Foreign Relations \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Russia%E2%80%93Tajikistan_relations\" >Russia-Tajikistan relations \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rt.com\/politics\/tajikistan-russia-partnership-stability\/\" >Tajikistan and Russia: partnership for stability in Central Asia \u2013 17 November 2009 \u2013 RT.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/russiasperiphery.blogs.wm.edu\/central-asia\/tajikistan\/\" >Russia\u2019s Periphery \u2013 Tajikistan, by Liz Owerbach \u2013 WM.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.eurasianet.org\/node\/69711\" >Tajikistan: Under China\u2019s Economic Thumb \u2013 August 26, 2014 \u2013 Eurasianet.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1990\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1990_Batticaloa_massacre\" >1990 Batticaloa massacre<\/a>, massacre of 184 minority <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tamil_people\" >Tamil<\/a> civilians by Sri Lankan Army in the eastern <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Batticaloa_District\" >Batticaloa District<\/a> of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sri_Lanka\" >Sri Lanka<\/a>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.quazoo.com\/q\/1990_Batticaloa_massacre\" >1990 Batticaloa massacre \u2013 Quazoo.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tamilcanadian.com\/eelam\/hrights\/?cat=1&amp;id=1001030\" >Batticaloa massacre victims remembered \u2013 TamilCanadian.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1972\u00a0 <\/strong>In <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kentucky\" >Kentucky<\/a>&#8216;s <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mammoth_Cave_National_Park\" >Mammoth Cave National Park<\/a>, a Cave Research Foundation exploration and mapping team discovers a link between the Mammoth and Flint Ridge cave systems, making it the longest known cave passageway in the world.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1971\u00a0 <\/strong>The four-day <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Attica_Prison_riot\" >Attica Prison riot<\/a> begins, eventually resulting in 39 dead, most killed by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/New_York_State_Police\" >state troopers<\/a> retaking the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Attica_Correctional_Facility\" >prison<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1970\u00a0 <\/strong>A British airliner is hijacked by the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Popular_Front_for_the_Liberation_of_Palestine\" >Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine<\/a> and flown to <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dawson%27s_Field\" >Dawson&#8217;s Field<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jordan\" >Jordan<\/a>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.skyjack.co.il\/chronology\/\" >Chronology of aviation terrorism: 1968-2004 \u2013 Skyjack.co.il<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1969\u00a0 <\/strong>In Canada, the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Official_Languages_Act_%28Canada%29\" >Official Languages Act<\/a> comes into force, making <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/French_language\" >French<\/a> equal to <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/English_language\" >English<\/a> throughout the Federal government.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Official_bilingualism_in_Canada\" >Official bilingualism in Canada \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/canadaonline.about.com\/cs\/bilingualism\/g\/offlanguages.htm\" >Official Languages in Canada \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca\/en\/article\/bilingualism\/\" >Bilingualism: Bilingualism is the ability to speak or write fluently in 2 languages. In Canada the term has taken on a more particular meaning: the ability to communicate (or the practice of communicating) in both of Canada&#8217;s official languages, English and French. \u2013 TheCandianEncyclopedia.ca<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.unavarra.es\/tel2l\/eng\/canada.htm\" >BILINGUAL EDUCATION PROGRAMMES IN CANADA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ocol-clo.gc.ca\/en\/index\" >Office of the Commissioner of the Official Languages \u2013 Official site<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1966\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/National_Traffic_and_Motor_Vehicle_Safety_Act\" >National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act<\/a> is signed into law by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/President_of_the_United_States\" >U.S. President<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lyndon_B._Johnson\" >Lyndon B. Johnson<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1965\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tibet_Autonomous_Region\" >Tibet is made an autonomous region<\/a> of China.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_administrative_divisions_of_the_Tibet_Autonomous_Region\" >List of administrative divisions of the Tibet autonomous region \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_township-level_divisions_of_the_Tibet_Autonomous_Region\" >List of township-level divisions of the Tibet autonomous region \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>History of Tibet:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Tibet\" >History of Tibet \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Tibet_%281950%E2%80%93present%29\" >History of Tibet (1950 \u2013 present) \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/freetibet.org\/about\/tibets-history\" >\u201c<em>The Chinese government wants me to say that for many centuries Tibet has been part of China. Even if I make that statement, many people would just laugh. And my statement will not change past history. History is history<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 The 14<sup>th<\/sup> Dalai Lama \u2013 Tibet\u2019s history \u2013 FreeTibet.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyworld.net\/wrldhis\/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=aa71\" >History of Tibet \u2013 HistoryWorld.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.travelchinaguide.com\/cityguides\/tibet.htm\" >Tibet History \u2013 TravelChinaGuide.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rangzen.com\/history\/history.htm\" >TIBET: A Brief History \u2013 Rangzen.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Tibet and China:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tibet.org\/Activism\/Rights\/poptransfer.html\" >Chinese Presence in Tibet: Population Transfer \u2013 Tibet.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/sites.google.com\/a\/macalester.edu\/refugees\/tibetan\/history-of-tibet-china-conflict\" >History of Tibet-China Conflict \u2013 MACALESTER COLLEAGE<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.eastwestcenter.org\/publications\/tibet-china-conflict-history-and-polemics\" >THE TIBET-CHINA CONLICT: HISTORY AND POLEMICS, by Elliot Sperling \u2013 East-West Center<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/asianhistory.about.com\/od\/china\/a\/TibetandChina.htm\" >Tibet and China: History of a Complex Relationship: Is Tibet Part of China? , by Kallie Szczepanski \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tibetjustice.org\/reports\/occupied.html\" >Occupied Tibet: The Case in International Law, by Eva Herzer \u2013 TheJustice.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1956\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Elvis_Presley\" >Elvis Presley<\/a> appears on <em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Ed_Sullivan_Show\" >The Ed Sullivan Show<\/a><\/em> for the first time.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1948\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kim_Il-sung\" >Kim Il-sung<\/a> declares the establishment of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/North_Korea\" >Democratic People&#8217;s Republic of Korea<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Kim Il-sung:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.biography.com\/people\/kim-il-sung-9364759\" >Kim Il-sung \u2013 Biography \u2013 Biography.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Kim-Il-Sung\" >Kim Il-sung: President of North Korea \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/spartacus-educational.com\/COLDsung.htm\" >Kim Il-sung \u2013 Spartacus-Educational.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.com\/news\/kim-il-sung\/\" >Kim Il Sung \u2013 HuffingtonPost.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/people\/kim-il-sung.html\" >Kim Il Sung \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea (North Korea):<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nationsonline.org\/oneworld\/korea_north.htm\" >Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea \u2013 NationOnline.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/history-of-North-Korea\" >History of North Korea \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.kp.undp.org\/content\/dprk\/en\/home\/countryinfo.html\" >About Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea (DPRK) &#8211; UNDP<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/openaccess.leidenuniv.nl\/handle\/1887\/34373\" >Becoming Kim Il Sung: Establishing and maintaining a personal cult, by Akker, Stephanie Karianne van den \u2013 2015-08-28 \u2013 Leiden University<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-asia-pacific-15256929\" >North Korea country profile &#8211; BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>News and News Archives of the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea (North Korea):<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/topics.nytimes.com\/top\/news\/international\/countriesandterritories\/northkorea\/index.html\" >North Korea \u2013 The New York Times<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/north-korea\" >North Korea \u2013 The Guardian<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/asia\/northkorea\/\" >North Korea News \u2013 The Telegraph<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nknews.org\/\" >North Korea News<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/news.vice.com\/topic\/north-korea\" >North Korea | VICE News<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.breakingnews.com\/topic\/north-korea\/\" >North Korea \u2013 Breaking News<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ft.com\/world\/asia-pacific\/north-korea\" >North Korea \u2013 The Financial Times<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1947\u00a0 <\/strong>First case of a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Computer_bug\" >computer bug<\/a> being found: a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moth\" >moth<\/a> lodges in a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Relay\" >relay<\/a> of a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Harvard_Mark_II\" >Harvard Mark II<\/a> computer at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Harvard_University\" >Harvard University<\/a>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.edn.com\/electronics-blogs\/edn-moments\/4420729\/1st-actual-computer-bug-found--September-9--1947\" >1<sup>st<\/sup> actual computer bug found, September 9, 1947, by Jessica MacNeil \u2013 September 09, 2014 \u2013 EDN Network<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.computerhistory.org\/tdih\/September\/9\/\" >First Instance of Computer Bug Being Found \u2013 September 9, 1947 \u2013 This Day in History \u2013 ComputerHistory.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.computerworld.com\/article\/2515435\/app-development\/moth-in-the-machine--debugging-the-origins-of--bug-.html\" >Moth in the machine: Debugging the origins of \u2018bug\u2019 \u2013 ComputerWorld.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/theinstitute.ieee.org\/technology-focus\/technology-history\/did-you-know-edison-coined-the-term-bug\" >Did you know? Edison coined the term \u201cBug\u201d , by Alexander Magoun and Paul Israel \u2013 The Institute<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jamesshuggins.com\/h\/tek1\/first_computer_bug.htm\" >First Computer Bug: The Bug \u2013 James S. Huggins\u2019 Refrigerator Door<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.waterholes.com\/~dennette\/1996\/hopper\/bug.htm\" >The First Computer Bug! \u2013 WaterHoles.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Software_bug\" >Software bug &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.computerhope.com\/history\/194060.htm\" >Computer History &#8211; 1940 to 1960 \u2013 ComputerHope.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1945\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Second_Sino-Japanese_War\" >Second Sino-Japanese War<\/a>: The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Empire_of_Japan\" >Empire of Japan<\/a> formally surrenders to <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Republic_of_China_%281912%E2%80%9349%29\" >China<\/a>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.co.uk\/study-topics\/history-of-ww2\/sino-japanese-war\" >Sino-Japan War \u2013 Histroy.co.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/totallyhistory.com\/second-sino-japanese-war\/\" >Second Sino-Japan War: Made In China Wholesale \u2013 TotallyHistory.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/alphahistory.com\/chineserevolution\/sino-japanese-war\/\" >THE SECOND SINO-JAPAN WAR \u2013 AlphaHistory.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/history.cultural-china.com\/en\/34History7545.html\" >Second Sino-Japanese War \u2013 The Largest Asian War in the 20<sup>th<\/sup> Century \u2013 Cultural-China.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.oxfordbibliographies.com\/view\/document\/obo-9780199743292\/obo-9780199743292-0141.xml\" >The Second Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945), by Steve Phillips \u2013 Oxford Bibliographies<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.newworldencyclopedia.org\/entry\/Second_Sino-Japanese_War\" >Second Sino-Japanese War \u2013 New World Encyclopedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Sino-Japanese-War-1937-1945\" >Sino-Japanese War 1937-1945 \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/sino-japanese-war-second.html\" >Sino-Japanese War, Second \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/chineseposters.net\/themes\/second-sino-japanese-war.php\" >The Second Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945) \u2013 ChinesePosters.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1944\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fatherland_Front_%28Bulgaria%29\" >Fatherland Front<\/a> takes power in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kingdom_of_Bulgaria\" >Bulgaria<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bulgarian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat_of_1944\" >through a military coup<\/a> in the capital and armed rebellion in the country. A new pro-<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soviet_Union\" >Soviet<\/a> government is established.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/bulgaria\/history\" >History of Bulgaria \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/books.google.co.uk\/books?id=iL06AAAAIAAJ&amp;pg=PA145&amp;lpg=PA145&amp;dq=bulgaria+coup+d%27etat+fatherland+september+1944&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=rSRzlpn4Bt&amp;sig=ZT0GcOUsDO-iaCxijtNhmmKOP0s&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=0CDcQ6AEwB2oVChMI_MK8-KfbxwIVS-tyCh0kXwtI#v=onepage&amp;q=bulgaria%20coup%20d%27etat%20fatherland%20september%201944&amp;f=false\" >Bulgaria under Communist rule: THE SEIZURE OF POLITICAL POWER, 1944 \u2013 47<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.indiana.edu\/~league\/1944.htm\" >Chronology 1944 \u2013 Indiana.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/bulgaria\/19.htm\" >Bulgaria \u2013 WORLD WAR II \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/bulgaria\/20.htm\" >Bulgaria \u2013 Communism \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.userla-immigrants.com\/history-and-cultural-traditions.\/important-events-in-bulgarian-history\/\" >HIGHLIGHTS OF BULGARIAN HISTORY \u2013 Userla-Immigrants.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Venelin_Ganev\" >Venelin Ganev \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/iis-db.stanford.edu\/evnts\/6186\/Stalin_and_Eastern_Europe.pdf\" >STALIN, SOVIET POLICY, AND THE CONSOLIDATION OF A COMMUNIST BLOCK IN EASTERN EURPE 1944-1953, by Mark Kramer<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1942\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: A <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Empire_of_Japan\" >Japanese<\/a> floatplane <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lookout_Air_Raids\" >drops incendiary bombs<\/a> on <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Oregon\" >Oregon<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1940\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Treznea_massacre\" >Treznea massacre<\/a>: The Hungarian Army, supported by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hungarians_in_Romania\" >local Hungarians<\/a> kill 93 <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Romanians\" >Romanian<\/a> civilians in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Treznea\" >Treznea<\/a>, a village in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Northern_Transylvania\" >Northern Transylvania<\/a>, as part of attempts to <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ethnic_cleansing\" >ethnic cleansing<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1940\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/George_Stibitz\" >George Stibitz<\/a> pioneers the first remote operation of a computer.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1939\u00a0 <\/strong>Burmese national hero <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/U_Ottama\" >U Ottama<\/a> dies in prison after a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hunger_strike\" >hunger strike<\/a> to protest Britain&#8217;s <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/British_rule_in_Burma\" >colonial government<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1939\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_II\" >World War II<\/a>: The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Hel\" >Battle of Hel<\/a> begins, the longest-defended pocket of Polish Army resistance during the German <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Invasion_of_Poland\" >invasion of Poland<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1936\u00a0 <\/strong>The crews of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portuguese_Navy\" >Portuguese Navy<\/a> frigate <em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/NRP_Afonso_de_Albuquerque\" >NRP Afonso de Albuquerque<\/a><\/em> and destroyer <em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=NRP_D%C3%A3o&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1\" >D\u00e3o<\/a><\/em> mutinied against <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ant%C3%B3nio_de_Oliveira_Salazar\" >Salazar dictatorship<\/a>&#8216;s support of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/General_Franco\" >General Franco<\/a>&#8216;s coup and declared their solidarity with the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Spanish_Republic\" >Spanish Republic<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1926\u00a0 <\/strong>In the United States the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/NBC\" >National Broadcasting Company<\/a> is formed.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1924\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hanapepe_massacre\" >Hanapepe massacre<\/a> occurs on <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kauai\" >Kauai<\/a>, Hawaii.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.honolulumagazine.com\/core\/pagetools.php?pageid=7078&amp;url=%2FHonolulu-Magazine%2FJanuary-2010%2FA-Massacre-Forgotten%2F&amp;mode=print\" >A Massacre Forgotten, by Tiffany Hill \u2013 HonoluluMagazine.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/the.honoluluadvertiser.com\/article\/2006\/Sep\/08\/ln\/FP609090342.html\" >Plaque to commemorate 1924 Hanapepe Massacre \u2013 HonoluluAdvertiser.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1923\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mustafa_Kemal_Atat%C3%BCrk\" >Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk<\/a>, the founder of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Turkey\" >Republic of Turkey<\/a>, founds the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Republican_People%27s_Party_%28Turkey%29\" >Republican People&#8217;s Party<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1922\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Greco-Turkish_War_%281919%E2%80%9322%29\" >Greco-Turkish War<\/a> effectively ends with Turkish victory over the Greeks in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Smyrna\" >Smyrna<\/a>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/military\/world\/war\/greco-turkish.htm\" >1919-1922 \u2013 Greco-Turkish War \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Greco-Turkish-wars\" >Greco-Turkish War: Balkan History \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=xnEsvyZBXGI\" >YouTube video (59 min. 33 sec.): The Greco-Turkish War of 1919 &#8211; 1922<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1914\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_I\" >World War I<\/a>: The creation of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Canadian_Automobile_Machine_Gun_Brigade\" >Canadian Automobile Machine Gun Brigade<\/a>, the first fully mechanized unit in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/British_Army\" >British Army<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1886\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Berne_Convention_for_the_Protection_of_Literary_and_Artistic_Works\" >Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works<\/a> is finalized.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Berne-Convention\" >Berne Convention \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.copyrightservice.co.uk\/copyright\/p08_berne_convention\" >Factsheet P-08: The Berne Convention<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.wipo.int\/treaties\/en\/ip\/berne\/summary_berne.html\" >Summary of the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works (1886) \u2013 WIPO.int<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/stream\/internationalco00offigoog\/internationalco00offigoog_djvu.txt\" >Full text of \u201cInternational copyright union: Berne convention, 1886; Paris convention, 1896; Berlin convention, 1908\u201d<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1855\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crimean_War\" >Crimean War<\/a>: The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Siege_of_Sevastopol_%281854%E2%80%9355%29\" >Siege of Sevastopol<\/a> comes to an end when Russian forces abandon the city.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Crimean War:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Crimean-War\" >Crimean War \u2013 Eurasian history [1853-1856] \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyofwar.org\/articles\/wars_crimean.html\" >Crimean War, 1853-1856 \u2013 HistoryOfWar.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.crimeahistory.org\/crimean-war\/\" >Crimean War 1853-1856 \u2013 CrimeaHistory.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/history\/british\/victorians\/crimea_01.shtml\" >The Crimean War, by Andrew Lambert &#8211; BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyworld.net\/wrldhis\/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=aa47\" >HISTORY OF THE CRIMEAN WAR \u2013 HistoryWorld.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Siege of Sevastopol:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britishbattles.com\/crimean-war\/sevastopol.htm\" >The Siege of Sevastopol \u2013 BritishBattle.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/sevastopol.org\/hist3e.htm\" >Sevastopol history : Crimea war 1854-1855 (1st Sevastopol defence) \u2013 Sevastopol.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/qdg.org.uk\/pages\/1854-to-1855-105.php\" >Sevastopol \u2013 QDG.org.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/discover-ukraine.info\/places\/crimea\/sevastopol\/532\" >The Panorama Museum \u2018The 1854-1855 Defense of Sevastopol\u2019 \u2013 Discover-Ukraine.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/sergoyalta.at.ua\/load\/tours_and_excursions_in_crimea\/sevastopol_tour\/panorama_defence_of_sevastopol_1854_1855_crimean_war\/29-1-0-239\" >PANORAMA &#8220;THE DEFENCE OF SEVASTOPOL 1854-1855&#8221;. CRIMEAN WAR \u2013 Yalta \u2013 Sevastopol Private Tour Guides with historian Sergey Tsarapora<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1839\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/John_Herschel\" >John Herschel<\/a> takes the first glass plate <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Photograph\" >photograph<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1801\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alexander_I_of_Russia\" >Alexander I of Russia<\/a> confirms the privileges of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Baltic_governorates\" >Baltic provinces<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1791\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Washington,_D.C.\" >Washington, D.C.<\/a>, the capital of the United States, is named after President <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/George_Washington\" >George Washington<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1776\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Continental_Congress\" >Continental Congress<\/a> officially names its new <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Political_union\" >union<\/a> of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sovereignty\" >sovereign<\/a> states the United States.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1739\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Stono_Rebellion\" >Stono Rebellion<\/a>, the largest slave uprising in Britain&#8217;s mainland North American colonies prior to the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/American_Revolution\" >American Revolution<\/a>, erupts near <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Charleston,_South_Carolina\" >Charleston, South Carolina<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>SEPTERMBER 10<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_Suicide_Prevention_Day\" >WORLD SUICIDE PREVENTION DAY<\/a><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>2008\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Large_Hadron_Collider\" >Large Hadron Collider<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/CERN\" >CERN<\/a>, described as the biggest scientific experiment in history, is powered up in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Geneva\" >Geneva<\/a>, Switzerland.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2007\u00a0 <\/strong>Former Prime Minister of Pakistan <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nawaz_Sharif\" >Nawaz Sharif<\/a> returns to Pakistan after seven years in exile, following a military coup in October 1999.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2002\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Switzerland\" >Switzerland<\/a>, traditionally a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Neutral_country\" >neutral country<\/a>, joins the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Nations\" >United Nations<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Switzerland:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/geos\/sz.html\" >Switzerland \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK &#8211; CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/switzerland\" >Switzerland \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Switzerland\" >Switzerland \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/switzerland.html\" >Switzerland \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.factmonster.com\/country\/switzerland.html\" >Switzerland \u2013 FactMonster.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.about.ch\/\" >Information about Switzerland<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>History of Switzerland:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Switzerland\" >History of Switzerland \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/history-of-Switzerland\" >History of Switzerland \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/switzerland-history.html\" >Switzerland \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/switzerland\/history\" >Switzerland \u2013 History \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.studyinginswitzerland.ch\/country-history.htm\" >History of Switzerland \u2013 StudyingInSwitzerland.ch<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.localhistories.org\/switzerland.html\" >A BRIEF HISTORY OF SWITZERLAND, by Tim Lambert \u2013 LocalHistories.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyworld.net\/wrldhis\/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=ac78\" >HISTORY OF SWITZERLAND \u2013 HistoryWorld.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.myswissalps.com\/aboutswitzerland\/culturehistory\/historyswitzerland\" >The History of Switzerland \u2013 MySwissAlps.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.switzerland1914-1918.net\/switzerland-before-1914.html\" >Swiss history before 1914 \u2013 Switzerland and the First World War<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Early_history_of_Switzerland\" >Early History of Switzerland \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cai.org\/bible-studies\/switzerland%E2%80%99s-christian-heritage\" >Switzerland\u2019s Christian Heritage<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.everyculture.com\/Sa-Th\/Switzerland.html\" >Switzerland \u2013 Culture \u2013 EveryCulture.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Foreign Relations and Neutrality of Switzerland, and the United Nations:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_Switzerland\" >Foreign relations of Switzerland \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/moving-towards-the-un-in-slow-motion\/291972\" >Moving towards the UN in slow motion \u2013 SwissInfo.ch<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/switzerland-joins-united-nations\/\" >Switzerland Joins United Nations \u2013 September 18, 2003 &#8211; CBSNews.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Country_neutrality_%28international_relations%29\" >Country neutrality (international relations) &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikisource.org\/wiki\/Treaty_of_Paris_%281815%29\/Act_on_the_neutrality_of_Switzerland\" >Treaty of Paris (1815)\/Act on the neutrality of Switzerland \u2013 WikiSource.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/archive.org\/stream\/jstor-40575726\/40575726_djvu.txt\" >Full text of \u201cTHE NEUTRALITY OF SWITZERLAND\u201d<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/russellbulletin.com\/2013\/01\/07\/when-and-why-did-switzerland-become-so-fiercely-neutral\/\" >When and why did Switzerland become so fiercely neutral? ,by Kyle Russel \u2013 January 7, 2013 \u2013 RusselBulletin.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.americanswiss.org\/resources_and_publications\/target-switzerland-swiss-armed-neutrality-in-world-war-2\/\" >Target Switzerland: Swiss Armed Neutrality in World War 2, by Stephen Halbrook \u2013 AMERICAN SWISS FOUNDATON<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/digitalcommons.wcl.american.edu\/cgi\/viewcontent.cgi?article=1303&amp;context=auilr\" >Neutrality and Morality, by Dietrich Schindler \u2013 1998 \u2013 American University International Law Review<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.gramota.net\/eng\/materials\/3\/2015\/1-2\/47.html\" >NEUTRALITY OF SWITZERLAND: HISTORY OF DEVELOPMENT, by Fokina\u00a0Svetlana\u00a0Vasil&#8217;evna \u2013 Ryazan State University<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/umshare.miami.edu\/web\/wda\/maia\/MAIA_Modules\/SwitzerlandLessonPlanNeutrality.pdf\" >Swiss Neutrality \u2013 4<sup>th<\/sup> revised edition \u2013 Miami.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.countriesquest.com\/europe\/switzerland\/history\/neutrality_and_international_relations.htm\" >\u201c<em>Because of its long history of neutrality, Switzerland became the favored site of international conferences and the headquarters of many organizations. During the mid-19th century the main office of the International Red Cross was established in Geneva<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 History, Neutrality and International Relations \u2013 CountriesQuest.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net\/article\/politics_and_neutrality_switzerland\" >Politics and Neutrality (Switzerland), by Carlo Moos \u2013 International Encyclopedia of the First World War<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.isn.ethz.ch\/Digital-Library\/Publications\/Detail\/?lang=en&amp;id=114843\" >Neutrality of Switzerland: A Brief Introduction, by V\u00e9ronique Panchaud \u2013 30 December 2009 \u2013 Managing Information, Sharing Knowledge<\/a>, <strong><em>or<\/em><\/strong> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/mercury.ethz.ch\/serviceengine\/Files\/ISN\/114843\/ichaptersection_singledocument\/5ac9cad8-acb1-43d1-818d-a22e64312807\/en\/Chap12.pdf\" >the same essay on this website<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/history-switzerland.geschichte-schweiz.ch\/switzerland-neutrality-world-war-ii.html\" >Switzerland\u2019s Neutrality: Did Switzerland prolong World War II? \u2013 History of Switzerland<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/globalpublicpolicywatch.org\/2015\/01\/20\/the-case-of-switzerland-part-ii-defining-neutrality\/\" >THE CASE OF SWITZERLAND (PART II): DEFENDING NEUTRALTY, by Mario Zorro \u2013 January 20, 2015 \u2013 GlobalPublicWatch.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/digitalcommons.calpoly.edu\/cgi\/viewcontent.cgi?article=1127&amp;context=socssp\" >Political Neutrality during World War II, by Gary Gayer \u2013 Spring, 2013 \u2013 CALIFORNIA POLYTECHNIC STATE UNIVERSITY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/neutrality-remains-a-core-principle\/291974\" >Neutrality Remains a Core Principle \u2013SwissInfo.ch<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/etd.lsu.edu\/docs\/available\/etd-11162005-210229\/unrestricted\/Schandler_thesis.pdf\" >THE ECNOMICS OF NEUTRALITY: SWITZERLAND AND THE UNITED STATES IN WORLD WAR II, by Mathew Schandler<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nato.gov.si\/eng\/topic\/national-security\/neutral-status\/neutral-countries\/\" >Neutral European countries: Austria, Switzerland, Sweden, Finland, Ireland \u2013 Gov.si<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/league-of-nations-recognizes-perpetual-swiss-neutrality\" >FEB 13, 1920: THIS DAY IN HISTORY: League of Nations recognizes perpetual Swiss neutrality \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.wisegeek.org\/how-does-switzerland-always-stay-neutral.htm\" >Why does Switzerland Always Stay Neutral? \u2013 WiseGeek.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/wgbh\/pages\/frontline\/shows\/nazis\/tv\/\" >SWITZERLAND: NEUTRAL OR COWADLY? \u2013 PBS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.quora.com\/What-impact-did-the-neutrality-of-Switzerland-have-on-the-outcome-of-World-War-II\" >What impact did the neutrality of Switzerland have on the outcome of World War II? \u2013 Quora.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2001\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ant%C3%B4nio_da_Costa_Santos\" >Ant\u00f4nio da Costa Santos<\/a>, mayor of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Campinas\" >Campinas<\/a>, Brazil is assassinated.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2000\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Operation_Barras\" >Operation Barras<\/a> successfully frees six British soldiers held captive for over two weeks and contributes to the end of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sierra_Leone_Civil_War\" >Sierra Leone Civil War<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Sierra Leone:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sierra_Leone\" >Sierra Leone \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Sierra-Leone\" >Sierra Leone \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/sierra-leone\" >Sierra Leone \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/sierra-leone.html\" >Sierra Leone \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.everyculture.com\/Sa-Th\/Sierra-Leone.html\" >Sierra Leone \u2013 Culture \u2013 EveryCulture.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.africa.upenn.edu\/Country_Specific\/S_Leone.html\" >Sierra Leon Page \u2013 African Studies Center<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thejournalofsierraleonestudies.com\/\" >The Journal of Sierra Leon Studies<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>History of Sierra Leone:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Sierra_Leone\" >History of Sierra Leone \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/history-of-Sierra-Leone\" >History of Sierra Leone \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/sierra-leone\/history\" >Sierra Leone \u2013 History \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/sierra-leone.html\" >Sierra Leone \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-14094419\" >Sierra Leone profile \u2013 Timeline &#8211; BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.timelinesdb.com\/listevents.php?subjid=119&amp;title=Sierra%20Leone\" >Timelines \u2013 Sierra Leone \u2013 TimelinesDB.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Sierra Leone Civil War:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyrocket.com\/World-History\/history-of-africa\/sierra-leone-history\/Sierra-Leone-Civil-War-History.html\" >Sierra Leone Civil War History \u2013 HistoryRocket.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalissues.org\/article\/88\/sierra-leone\" >Sierra Leone \u2013 GlobalIssues.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/military\/world\/war\/sierra_leone.htm\" >Sierra Leone \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/sierraleonecivilwar.com\/\" >Sierra Leone Civil War \u2013 SierraLeoneCivilWar.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/British_military_intervention_in_the_Sierra_Leone_Civil_War\" >British military intervention in the Sierra Leone Civil War \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cigionline.org\/blogs\/rethinking-peacebuilding\/vertical-integration-and-persistent-causes-of-conflict-sierra-leone\" >Vertical Integration and the (Persistent) Cause of Conflict of Sierra Leone, Part 1, by Michael Lawrence \u2013 CIGIOnline.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.africa-confidential.com\/special-report\/id\/4\/Chronology_of_Sierra_Leone\">Africa Confidential, April 1998 &#8211; SIERRA LEONE | DIAMONDS<strong><br \/>\n<\/strong>Chronology of Sierra Leone: How diamonds fuelled the conflict \u2013 04 SEPTEMBER 2015 \u2013 Africa-Confidential.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.childfund.org\/the-impact-of-civil-war-in-sierra-leone\/\" >The Impact of Civil War in Sierra Leone \u2013 ChildFund.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/sierraleone\/10450619\/The-women-who-bear-the-scars-of-Sierra-Leones-civil-war.html\" >The women who bear Sierra Leone\u2019s civil war, by Jean Friedman-Rudovsky &#8211; 16 November 2013 &#8211; The Telegraph<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/newsok.com\/article\/5401137\" >Orphaned by civil war, a Sierra Leone student travels to Oklahoma for technology training, by Ken Koch \u2013 March 19, 2015 \u2013 NewsOK.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.dandc.eu\/en\/article\/blood-diamonds-fuelled-sierra-leones-civil-war\" >\u201c<em>In late April<\/em> [2012]<em>, a UN Special Court based in The Hague, found former Liberian President Charles Taylor guilty because of the role he played in Sierra Leone\u2019s eleven-year civil war<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Blood Diamonds, by Floreana Miesen \u2013 21\/05\/2012 &#8211; DEVELOPMENT AND COOPERATOIN<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.boston.com\/bigpicture\/2012\/04\/sierra_leone_10_years_after_ci.html\" >Sierra Leone: 10 years after Civil War \u2013 April 27, 2012 \u2013 The Big Picture \u2013 Boston.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.e-ir.info\/2012\/10\/25\/the-causes-of-the-sierra-leone-civil-war-underlying-grievances-and-the-role-of-the-revolutionary-united-front\/\" >The Causes of the Sierra Leone Civil War, by Se Young Jang \u2013 OCT 25, 2012 \u2013 E-INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS STUDIES<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>UN and Sierra Leone:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Nations_Mission_in_Sierra_Leone\" >UN Mission in Sierra Leone \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.un.org\/en\/peacekeeping\/missions\/past\/unamsil\/\" >UNAMSIL \u2013 UN.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/reliefweb.int\/report\/sierra-leone\/sierra-leone-peacekeeping-success-lessons-learned-unamsil\" >Sierra Leone \u2013 A peacekeeping success: Lessons learned from UNAMSIL \u2013 ReliefWeb.int<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/2\/hi\/talking_point\/debates\/african_debates\/1747204.stm\" >Peacekeeping in Sierra Leone: Was it a success? \u2013 Monday, 14 January 2002 \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.economist.com\/node\/15825772\" >From butchers to peacekeepers: Sierra Leone\u2019s army \u2013 Mar 31<sup>st<\/sup> 2010 \u2013 The Economist<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/afraf.oxfordjournals.org\/content\/108\/433\/696.extract\" >Peacekeeping in Sierra Leone: The story of UNAMSIL, by Funmi Olonisakin \u2013 OxfordJournals.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.e-ir.info\/2014\/09\/02\/robust-peacekeeping-a-desirable-development\/\" >Robust Peacekeeping: A Desirable Development? , by Lisa Hultman, SEP 2 2014 \u2013 E-INTERNATIOAL RELATIONS<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/unipsil.unmissions.org\/Default.aspx?tabid=9621&amp;language=en-US\" >UNIPSIL United Nations Integrated Peacebuilding Office in Sierra Leone<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sl.undp.org\/\" >UNDP Sierra Leone<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/web.undp.org\/evaluation\/documents\/thematic\/conflict\/sierraleone.pdf\" >Case Study: Sierra Leone \u2013 UNDP<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1990\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basilica_of_Our_Lady_of_Peace_%28Yamoussoukro%29\" >Basilica of Our Lady of Peace<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yamoussoukro\" >Yamoussoukro<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire\" >C\u00f4te d&#8217;Ivoire<\/a>, the largest church in Africa, is consecrated by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pope_John_Paul_II\" >Pope John Paul II<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1977\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hamida_Djandoubi\" >Hamida Djandoubi<\/a>, convicted of torture and murder, is the last person to be executed by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guillotine\" >guillotine<\/a> in France.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1976\u00a0 <\/strong>Five Croatian terrorists capture TWA-plane at La Guardia Airport, NY.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/TWA_Flight_355\" >\u201c<em>TWA Flight 355<\/em><em> was a domestic Trans World Airlines flight which was hijacked on September 10, 1976 by five &#8220;Fighters for Free Croatia&#8221;, a group seeking Croatian independence from Yugoslavia<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 TWA Flight 355 &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Croatian_nationalism\" >Croatian nationalism \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/self.gutenberg.org\/articles\/Croatian_nationalism\" >CROATIAN NATIONALISM \u2013 Self.Gutenberg.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/dbpedia.org\/page\/Croatian_Liberation_Movement\" >Croatian Liberation Movement \u2013 DBPendia.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mongabay.com\/history\/yugoslavia\/yugoslavia-croats.html\" >\u201c<em>The Croats, a people with long-frustrated national ambitions, have seen themselves for decades as cultured West Europeans shackled to the backward Balkans<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Mongabay.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.quazoo.com\/q\/Croatian_Liberation_Movement\" >Croatian Liberation Movement \u2013 Quazoo.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infernaldreams.com\/names\/Europe\/Southern\/Croatia.htm\" >Croatia (Hrvatska) \u2013 InfernalDream.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Croatia\" >History of Croatia \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nationalismproject.org\/articles\/Pero\/ch12.html\" >CHAPTER TWELVE: State Centralism, Peripheral Nationalism- From Serbian Memorandum to Croatian Independence \u2013 NationalismProject.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/povijest.blogspot.com\/2004\/09\/auvalo-croatian-nationalism-and.html\" >CRORATIAN NATIONALISM AND THE CRATIAN NATIONAL MOVEMENT (1966 \u2013 1972) IN ANGLO AMERICAN PUBLICATIONS, by Ante Cuvalo \u2013 Saturday, September 25, 2004 \u2013 Hrvatska Povijest<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Independence_of_Croatia\" >Independence of Croatia &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/273662516_The_Croatian_diaspora_politics_of_the_1990s_nationalism_unbound\" >The Croatian \u2018Diaspora Politics\u2019 of the 1990s: Nationalism Unbound? ,by Francesco Ragazzi<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1974\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guinea-Bissau\" >Guinea-Bissau<\/a> gains independence from <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portugal\" >Portugal<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Guinea-Bissau:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/geos\/pu.html\" >GUINEA-BISSAU \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK &#8211; CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Guinea-Bissau\" >Guinea-Bissau \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/guinea-bissau\" >Guinea-Bissau \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/guinea-bissau.html\" >Guinea-Bissau \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nationsonline.org\/oneworld\/guinea_bissau.htm\" >Guinea-Bissau \u2013 NationsOnline.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-13443186\" >Guinea-Bissau profile \u2013 Overview &#8211; BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>History of Guinea-Bissau:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Guinea-Bissau\" >History of Guinea-Bissau \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyworld.net\/wrldhis\/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=ad46\" >HISTORY OF GUINEA-BISSAU \u2013 HistoryWorld.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/guinea-bissau\/history\" >Guinea-Bissau \u2013 History \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/guinea-bissau-history.html\" >Guinea-Bissau \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/africanhistory.about.com\/od\/guineabissau\/p\/GuineaBissauHs1.htm\" >A Brief History of Guinea-Bissau \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Independence of Guinea-Bissau:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guinea-Bissau_War_of_Independence\" >Guinea-Bissau War of Independence \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/military\/world\/war\/guineabissau.htm\" >Guinea-Bissau War of Independence \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Economy of Guinea-Bissau:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/guineabissau\" >2015 Index of Economic Freedom: Guinea-Bissau \u2013 Heritage.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_Guinea-Bissau\" >Economy of Guinea-Bissau \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/guinea-bissau-economy.html\" >Guinea-Bissau \u2013 Economy \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/borgenproject.org\/guinea-bissau-independence-poverty\/\" >\u201c<em>Much of Guinea-Bissau\u00a0suffers from low levels of school enrollment, illiteracy\u00a0and unemployment. Development of Guinea-Bissau is mostly dependent on the investment in basic services like health and education<\/em>.\u201d &#8211; Guinea-Bissau: From Independence to Poverty, by Kenneth Kliesner \u2013 05 MAR 2014 &#8211; The Borgen Project \u2013 BorgenProject.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1969\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-united-states-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >US performs nuclear test<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Grand_Valley_%28Colorado%29\" >Grand Valley, Colorado<\/a>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Project_Rulison\" >Project Rulison \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=myXswNUQgLs\" >YouTube video (7 min. 29 sec.): Declassified US Nuclear Test Film #36: Project Rulison<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=6OO3SC7GDFM\" >YouTube video (0 min. 40 sec.): Project Rulison gas stimulation Plowshare Program nuclear test &#8211; 1969<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.osti.gov\/opennet\/forms.jsp?formurl=films\/data\/0800036.html\" >Nuclear Test Film Description \u2013 Project Rulison \u2013 OSTI.gov<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_United_States\" >List of the nuclear weapons tests of the United States &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/truedemocracy.ca\/nuclear-bombs.htm\" >History of Nuclear Weapons Testing \u2013 Greenpeace \u2013 April 1996 \u2013 TrueDemocacy.ca<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1967\u00a0 <\/strong>The people of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gibraltar\" >Gibraltar<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gibraltar_sovereignty_referendum,_1967\" >vote<\/a> to remain a British dependency rather than becoming part of Spain.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1961\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Novaya_Zemlya\" >Novaya Zemlya<\/a> USSR.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/wmd\/world\/russia\/novaya_zemlya_nuc.htm\" >Novaya Zemlya \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.atlasobscura.com\/places\/novaya-zemlya\" >NOVAYA ZEMLYA \u2013 AtlasObscura.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.giantbomb.com\/novaya-zemlya\/3035-3167\/\" >Novaya Zemlya \u2013 GiantBomb.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.arkcode.com\/custom3_64.html\" >NOVA ZEMLYA (NOVAYA ZEMLYA) 58 MEGA TON H BOMB TEST \u2013 ArkCode.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nti.org\/facilities\/924\/\" >Central Test Site of Russia on Novaya Zemlya \u2013 NTI.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www1.american.edu\/ted\/ice\/novalya.htm\" >ICE Case Studies \u2013 Novaya Zemlya, by Carrie McVicker \u2013 American.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/earthobservatory.nasa.gov\/IOTD\/view.php?id=39591\" >Novaya Zemlya Archipelago \u2013 Image \u2013 NASA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/novayazemlya.net\/\" >Novaya Zemlya Archipelago \u2013 NovayaZemlya.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclear-risks.org\/en\/hibakusha-worldwide\/novaya-zemlya.html\" >Novaya Zemlya, Russia \u2013 Nuclear-Risks.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/tass.ru\/en\/russia\/743105\" >Novaya Zemlya: test site for most powerful nuclear bomb ever detonated \u2013 July 31, 2014 \u2013 TASS Russian News Agency<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclearno.com\/text.asp?11073\" >Novaya Zemlya: birds, animals adapt nuclear test site, by Tatyana Sinitsyna \u2013 RIA Novosti, Russia \u2013 15 August 2006<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/of\/1993\/0501\/report.pdf\" >UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOGRPAPHICAL SURVEY \u2013 Physical Environment of the Underground Nuclear Test Site on Novaya Zemlya, Russia, by John R. Matzko \u2013 Open-File Report 93-501 \u2013 Reston, Virginia &#8211; 1993<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1960\u00a0 <\/strong>At the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1960_Summer_Olympics\" >1960 Summer Olympics<\/a> in Rome, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Abebe_Bikila\" >Abebe Bikila<\/a> becomes the first <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sub-Saharan_Africa\" >sub-Saharan African<\/a> to win a gold medal, winning the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marathon\" >marathon<\/a> in bare feet.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1946\u00a0 <\/strong>While riding a train to <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Darjeeling\" >Darjeeling<\/a>, Sister Teresa Bojaxhiu of the Loreto Sisters&#8217; Convent claimed to have heard the call of God, directing her &#8220;to leave the convent and help the poor while living among them&#8221;. She would become known as <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mother_Teresa\" >Mother Teresa<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1943\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: German forces begin their occupation of Rome.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.holocaustresearchproject.org\/nazioccupation\/italianjews.html\" >\u201c<em>On the 10 September 1943 the Germans occupied Rome, Mussolini\u2019s officials perhaps guided by Mussolini himself tried to substitute half-measures to thwart deportation to the gas chambers in the death camps in the east<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 The Destruction of the Jews of Italy \u2013 HolocaustResearchProject.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.shmoop.com\/wwii\/invasion-italy.html\" >INVASION OF ITALY IN WORL WAR II: Sep.3, 1943 \u2013 Sep. 1944 \u2013 SHMOOP.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bombing_of_Rome_in_World_War_II\" >Bombing of Rome in World War II \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Italian_Campaign_%28World_War_II%29\" >Italian Campaign (World War II) \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Armistice_of_Cassibile\" >Armistice of Cassibile \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ushmm.org\/wlc\/en\/article.php?ModuleId=10005446\" >ROME \u2013 Holocaust Encyclopedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1942\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: The British Army carries out an amphibious landing on <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Madagascar\" >Madagascar<\/a> to re-launch Allied offensive operations in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Madagascar\" >Madagascar Campaign<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1939\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: Canada declares war on <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nazi_Germany\" >Nazi Germany<\/a>, joining the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Allies_of_World_War_II\" >Allies<\/a> \u2013 Poland, France, the United Kingdom, New Zealand and Australia.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1939\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_II\" >World War II<\/a>: The submarine <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/HMS_Oxley\" >HMS\u00a0<em>Oxley<\/em><\/a> is mistakenly sunk by the submarine <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/HMS_Triton_%28N15%29\" >HMS\u00a0<em>Triton<\/em><\/a> near Norway and becomes the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Navy\" >Royal Navy<\/a>&#8216;s first loss.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1937\u00a0 <\/strong>Nine nations attend the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nyon_Conference\" >Nyon Conference<\/a> to address international <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Piracy\" >piracy<\/a> in the Mediterranean Sea.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>The Concept of Piracy and the Nyon Agreement of 1937:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/236779036_The_Concept_of_Piracy_%281937%29\" >The Concept of Piracy (1937), by Carl Schmitt \u2013 ResearchGate.net<\/a>, <strong><em>or<\/em><\/strong> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/muse.jhu.edu\/journals\/hum\/summary\/v002\/2.1.schmitt.html\" >the same essay on this website<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www1.umn.edu\/humanrts\/instree\/1937a.htm\" >The Nyon Agreement, 181 L.N.T.S. 137, entered into force Sept. 14, 1937 \u2013 UMN.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/4284210?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents\" >The Nyon Arrangement of 1937 and Turkey, by Y\u00fccel G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc \u2013 JSTOR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com\/Piracy\" >Piracy \u2013 The Free Dictionary<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/society\/piracy-history.html\" >Piracy \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Piracy and Legal Issues:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/piracy-international-law\" >Piracy \u2013 International Law \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Admiralty_law\" >\u201c<em>Admiralty law or maritime law is a distinct body of law that governs maritime questions and offenses. It is a body of both domestic law governing maritime activities, and private international law governing the relationships between private entities that operate vessels on the oceans<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Admiralty law \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/acuns.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/06\/SuppressingMaritimePiracyExploringOptionsIntlLaw.pdf\" >Suppressing Maritime Piracy: Exploring Options in International Law \u2013 A Workshop Report by Elizabeth Andersen, Benjamin Brockman-Hawe, and Patricia Goff<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2008\/nov\/20\/piracy-law-international-definition-commons\" >Piracy at sea: Efforts to tackle epidemic hindered by lack of internationally agreed definition \u2013 Thursday, 20 November 2008 &#8211; The Guardian<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.academia.edu\/709384\/Somalia_and_the_Problem_of_Piracy_in_International_Law\" >Somalia and the Problem of Piracy in International Law \u2013 Academia.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/law.case.edu\/journals\/JIL\/Documents\/%2814%29%20Sterio_Darby.pdf\" >INTERNATIONAL LAW IN CRISIS: PIRACY OFF THE COAST OF SOMALIA, by Milena Sterio \u2013 Case.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.icc-ccs.org\/piracy-reporting-centre\" >IMB Piracy Reporting Centre \u2013 ICC-CCS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.shippingandtradelaw.com\/shipping\/piracy\/piracy-and-international-law-32450.htm\" >Piracy and International Law \u2013 Shipping &amp; Trade Law<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/digitalcommons.law.ggu.edu\/annlsurvey\/vol15\/iss1\/4\/\" >International Law Regime Against Piracy \u2013 GGU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.geneva-academy.ch\/docs\/academyLecture\/Counterpiracy.pdf\" >Counterpiracy under International Law \u2013 August 2012 \u2013 Geneva Academy<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/ejil.oxfordjournals.org\/content\/20\/2\/399.full\" >Piracy, Law of the Sea, and Use of Force: Developments off the Coast of Somalia, by Tullio Treves \u2013 European Journal of International Law<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/scholarlycommons.law.northwestern.edu\/cgi\/viewcontent.cgi?article=1210&amp;context=facultyworkingpapers\" >The Penalties of Piracy: An Empirical Study of National Prosecution of International Crime, by Eugene Kontorovich \u2013 Northwestern.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.e-ir.info\/2010\/02\/24\/piracy-jure-gentium-international-law\/\" >Piracy Jure Gentium &amp; International Law, by Sergei Oudman \u2013 FEB 24, 2010 \u2013 E-INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS STUDIES<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/the-beacon.info\/countries\/africa\/maritime-piracy-and-international-law\/\" >Maritime Piracy and International Law, by Professor Donald R. Rothwell \u2013 The Beacon<\/a>, <strong><em>or<\/em><\/strong> the same essay on this website: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.crimesofwar.org\/commentary\/maritime-piracy-and-international-law\/\" >org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.oxfordbibliographies.com\/view\/document\/obo-9780199796953\/obo-9780199796953-0026.xml\" >Piracy \u2013 Oxford Bibliographies &#8211; OxfordBibliographies.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/jcpa.org\/article\/piracy-and-international-law\/\" >Piracy and International Law, by Eugene Kontorovich, February 8, 2009 \u2013 Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs \u2013 JCPA.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.un.org\/depts\/los\/piracy\/piracy.htm\" >Piracy under International Law \u2013 OCEANS &amp; LAW OF THE SEA \u2013 DIVISION FOR OCEAN AFFAIRS AND THE LAW OF THE SEA &#8211; UNITED NATIONS<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1935\u00a0 <\/strong>India&#8217;s first all-boys public school, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Doon_School\" >The Doon School<\/a>, is founded.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1919\u00a0 <\/strong>Austria and the Allies sign the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Treaty_of_Saint-Germain-en-Laye_%281919%29\" >Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye<\/a> recognizing the independence of Poland, Hungary, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Czechoslovakia\" >Czechoslovakia<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kingdom_of_Yugoslavia\" >Yugoslavia<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1918\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Russian_Civil_War\" >Russian Civil War<\/a>: The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Red_Army\" >Red Army<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kazan_Operation\" >captures<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kazan\" >Kazan<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1898\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Empress_Elisabeth_of_Austria\" >Empress Elisabeth of Austria<\/a> is assassinated by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Luigi_Lucheni\" >Luigi Lucheni<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1897\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lattimer_massacre\" >Lattimer massacre<\/a>: A <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Posse_comitatus_%28common_law%29\" >sheriff&#8217;s posse<\/a> kills 20 unarmed immigrant miners in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pennsylvania\" >Pennsylvania<\/a>, United States.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1858\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/George_Mary_Searle\" >George Mary Searle<\/a> discovers the asteroid <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/55_Pandora\" >55 Pandora<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1846\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Elias_Howe\" >Elias Howe<\/a> is granted a patent for the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sewing_machine\" >sewing machine<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1823\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sim%C3%B3n_Bol%C3%ADvar\" >Sim\u00f3n Bol\u00edvar<\/a> is named <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/President_of_Peru\" >President of Peru<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>SEPTEMBER 11<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>2013\u00a0 <\/strong>A 400\u00a0km long <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Human_chain\" >human chain<\/a> called <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Catalan_Way\" >Catalan Way<\/a> is organized by the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Assemblea_Nacional_Catalana\" >Assemblea Nacional Catalana<\/a> for the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Independence_of_Catalonia\" >independence of Catalonia<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>2012\u00a0 <\/strong>The U.S. embassy in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Benghazi\" >Benghazi<\/a>, Libya is <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2012_Benghazi_attack\" >attacked<\/a>, resulting in four deaths.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2007\u00a0 <\/strong>Russia tests the largest <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Conventional_weapon\" >conventional weapon<\/a> ever, the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Father_of_All_Bombs\" >Father of All Bombs<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2001\u00a0 <\/strong>Two allegedly hijacked aircraft crash into the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_Trade_Center_%281973%E2%80%932001%29\" >World Trade Center<\/a> in New York City, while a third smashes into <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Pentagon\" >The Pentagon<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Arlington_County,_Virginia\" >Arlington County, Virginia<\/a>, and a fourth into a field near <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shanksville,_Pennsylvania\" >Shanksville, Pennsylvania<\/a>, in a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/September_11_attacks\" >series of coordinated suicide attacks<\/a> by reportedly 19 members of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Al-Qaeda\" >al-Qaeda<\/a>. In total 2,996 people are killed.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>9\/11 Official Story:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.9-11commission.gov\/report\/911Report.pdf\" >The 9\/11 Commission Report<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/9\/11_Commission_Report\" >9\/11 Commission Report \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/9-11-attacks\" >9\/11 ATTACKS \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nationalgeographic.com\/remembering-9-11\/\" >REMEBERING 9\/11 \u2013 National Geographic<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/911research.wtc7.net\/sept11\/analysis\/frontpage.html\" >The Official Story: The Attack According to the <em>New York Times<\/em><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>\u201c9\/11 Truth Movement\u201d:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/9\/11_Truth_movement\" >9\/11 Truth movement \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.911truth.org\/\" >org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/911review.org\/\" >org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ae911truth.org\/\" >OUR MISSION AT AE911Truth: RESEARCH, COMPILE, AND DISSEMINATE SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION ABOUT THE DESTRUCTION OF ALL THREE WORLD TRADE CENTER SKYSCRAPERS<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/journalof911studies.com\/\" >Journal of 9\/11 Studies: Truth Matters<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.stj911.org\/\" >Scholars for 9\/11 Truth and Justice<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Counter-\u201c9\/11 Truth Movement\u201d:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.aim.org\/aim-column\/lies-of-the-911-truth-movement\/\" >\u201c<em>The Kremlin and Arab propagandists must be laughing out loud at the thought that some Americans actually believe the U.S. government engineered an attack on itself on 9\/11. They understand that the controversy distracts from the need to identify and defeat America\u2019s real enemies. It is important, therefore, for a respected journalist like Jake Tapper to seriously analyze the nature of the 9\/11 \u201ctruth\u201d movement, not leave it to a liberal reporter to make an off-hand comment without evidence that seems to identify unnamed conservatives as being somehow responsible for promoting crackpot theories in New York City this week<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Lies of the 9\/11 \u201cTruth\u201d Movement, by Cliff Kincaid \u2013 May 21, 2014 \u2013 ACCURACY in Media<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/rense.com\/general57\/911.htm\" >The Creepy Sides of The 911 Truth Movement, by Angie angie.<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/debunking911.com\/\" >Debunking 9\/11 Conspiracy theories and Controlled demolition Myths \u2013 Debunking 911<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thecaucus.blogs.nytimes.com\/2008\/08\/14\/anti-obama-author-on-911-conspiracy\/comment-page-10\/?_r=0\" >Anti-Obama Author on 9\/11 Conspiracy \u2013 The Caucus<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.slate.com\/articles\/news_and_politics\/trutherism\/2011\/09\/the_rise_of_truth.html\" >\u201c<em>In the immediate aftermath of 9\/11, conspiracists started to create and spread what would ultimately become the foundational mythology of the 9\/11 conspiracy movement: In order to suppress civil liberties and benefit their allies in the oil and gas industry, hawkish neoconservatives in the Bush administration\u2014along with their partners in the CIA and FBI, of course\u2014orchestrated a massive terror attack that killed 2,977 innocent civilians and mobilized the American populace behind otherwise unsupportable wars in Afghanistan and Iraq. There is no consistent polling about the popularity of this theory.\u201d<\/em> &#8211; How did 9\/11 conspiracism enter the mainstream? \u2013 The Rise of the Truth, by Jeremy Stahl \u2013 Slate.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/911blogger.com\/node\/7881\" >Anti-Semitic Associations Continue to Damage the Credibility of 9\/11 Truth Movement \u2013 911Blogger.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.deliberation.info\/jewish-hate-group-targets-911-truth-movement\/\" >Jewish hate group targets 9\/11 truth movement, by Jay Knott \u2013 Deliberation.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/northamerica\/10079244\/The-911-conspiracy-theorist-who-changed-his-mind.html\" >The 9\/11 conspiracy theorist changed his mind \u2013 The Telegraph<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.prisonplanet.com\/howard-zinn-i-dont-care-if-911-was-an-inside-job.html\" >Howard Zinn: \u201cI Don\u2019t Care\u201d If 9\/11 Was An Inside Job \u2013 PrisonPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>9\/11 Various Aspects:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/islam.uga.edu\/nineeleven.html\" >The Events of 9\/11 and Islam, the Taliban, and Bin Laden &#8211; Thirty-seven linked articles (arranged in the following categories) that contribute to understanding the tragedy \u2013 UGA.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.wanttoknow.info\/911\/9-11-facts\" >10 Page Timeline of 9\/11 Facts from Major Media \u2013 wanttoknow.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=48V41HqIyRw\" >YouTube video (2 min. 22 sec.): 10 years before 9\/11\/01 watch to the end<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=1d-RGkYpXCg\" >YouTube video (12 min. 52 sec.): CIA Threatens 9\/11 Researchers After Discovery Of Cover Up Details<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.prisonplanet.com\/cia-threatens-911-researchers-after-discovery-of-cover-up-details.html\" >CIA Threatens 9\/11 Researchers After Discovery Of Cover Up Details \u2013 Prisonplanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/mycommonsensepolitics.net\/index.php\/executive-branch-2\/137-war-crimes-2\/3602-cia-tortured-innocents-to-hide-9-11-false-flag\" >CIA tortured innocents to hide 9\/11 false flag MyCommonSensePolitics.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/forum.prisonplanet.com\/index.php?topic=19511.msg72387\" >CIA destroyed the interrogation tapes to hide the truth about 9\/11 \u2013 Prisonplanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/rawstory.com\/news\/2007\/Witness_tells_House_Judiciary_destroyed_tapes_1220.html\" >House Judiciary witness: Destroyed CIA tapes are \u2018ultimate cover-up\u2019, by David Edwards and Jason Rhyne \u2013 Rawstory.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/911blogger.com\/news\/2010-03-15\/intelligence-officers-911-truth-terrell-e-arnold\" >Intelligence Officers for 9\/11 Truth: Terrell E. Arnold \u2013 911Blogger.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.davidicke.com\/headlines\/tag\/911\/\" >David Icke\u2019s website on 9\/11<\/a>, <strong><em>and <\/em><\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/forum.davidicke.com\/showthread.php?s=d13fd066511330d0377df9a74b45943c&amp;t=292359\" >this page of his site<\/a> <strong><em>or<\/em> <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.anonymousmags.com\/shocking-video-911-government-doesnt\/\" >(Shocking New Video) Of 9-11 The US Government Doesn\u2019t Want You To See &#8211; AnonymousMags.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.politico.com\/story\/2015\/04\/iranian-general-us-behind-9-11-117385\" >Top Iranian general: America was behind 9\/11 attacks \u2013 Politico.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.naturalnews.com\/046892_9-11_official_story_government_coverup.html\" >The best 9\/11 video ever: Official story dismantled in under 5 minutes<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=uzkd0C2t2s8\" >YouTube video (15 min. 34 sec.): The 9\/11 Cover Up<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=YQBlv7sZGVE\" >YouTube video (41 min. 47 sec.): Retired Expert Pilot John Lear \u2013 No Planes Hit the Towers on 9\/11<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=afUS_58XC5I\" >YouTube video (22 min. 08 sec.): Exposing the fraud of 9\/11 in 22 minutes<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=rnbMjAN7Bws\" >YouTube video (23 min. 39 sec.): CIA Insider Tells 911 truth. Time to re-examine your World-view, America!<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=gH02Eh44yUg\" >YouTube video (4 min. 49 sec.): Scientists simulate jet colliding with World Trade Center<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=PG3uaQxc8uQ\" >YouTube video (15 min. 00 sec.): Wikileaks Exposes 9\/11 Conspirators!!<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Bush Family, CIA, and Osama bin Laden:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.truth-out.org\/archive\/item\/69782:ties-between-the-bush-family-and-osama-bin-laden\" >Ties Between Bush Family and Osama bin Laden<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/lundissimo.info\/wtc\/bushbinladen.html\" >The Bush \u2013 Bin Laden Connection<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/humansarefree.com\/2011\/05\/proof-that-osama-bin-laden-was-cia-and.html\" >Proof That Osama bin Laden Was CIA Died in 2001! Bush \u2013 Laden \u2013 CIA Connections<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/whatreallyhappened.com\/WRHARTICLES\/binladen_cia.html\" >Osama bin Laden, A.K.A. CIA Asset \u201cTim Osman\u201c<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/newsone.com\/1205745\/cia-osama-bin-laden-al-qaeda\/\" >How The CIA Created Osama Bin Laden<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/aangirfan.blogspot.com\/2012\/04\/bin-laden-wife-is-cia-fake.html\" >Bin Laden Wife Is a CIA Fake<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Osama bin Laden, 9\/11, and Iraq:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/capitolwords.org\/date\/2004\/06\/01\/H3568-7_the-connection-between-saddam-hussein-and-osama-bi\/\" >The Connection Between Saddam Hussein And Osama Bin Laden<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/911myths.com\/index.php\/Connecting_bin_Laden_to_9-11\" >Connecting bin Laden to 9-11<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/911review.com\/myth\/binladen.html\" >9\/11 Review: Osama bin Laden<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/911hardfacts.com\/report_19.htm\" >9\/11 Hard Facts: Bin Laden \u2018Confession\u2019 Tapes<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.informationclearinghouse.info\/article13664.htm\" >FBI says, it has \u201cNo hard evidence connecting bin Laden to 9\/11\u201d<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.veteranstoday.com\/2009\/10\/30\/bin-laden-and-9-11-the-evidence\/\" >Bin Laden and 9\/11: The Evidence<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tvnewslies.org\/html\/bin_laden_ties.html\" >Bin Laden Ties \u2013 TvNewLIES.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nbcnews.com\/id\/5223932\/ns\/us_news-security\/t\/panel-sees-no-link-between-iraq-al-qaida\/#.VecPnZeufX4\" >9\/11 panel sees no link between Iraq, al-Qaeda<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/wp-dyn\/articles\/A47812-2004Jun16.html\" >Al-Qaeda-Hussein Link Dismissed \u2013 The Washington Post<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nbcnews.com\/id\/5228545\/ns\/msnbc-hardball_with_chris_matthews\/t\/commission-no-link-between-bin-laden-saddam\/#.VecQhJeufX4\" >9\/11 commission: No link between bin Laden and Saddam<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Al-Qaeda:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Al-Qaeda\" >Al-Qaeda \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=Dqn0bm4E9yw\" >YouTube video (1 min. 35 sec.): Hillary Clinton: We created Al-Qaeda<\/a>, <strong><em>or<\/em><\/strong> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=SYKD_Qjhcwg\" >YouTube video (1 min. 32 sec.): Hillary Clinton Admits U.S. Government Created al-Qaeda<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=PJLR1LhxiN0\" >YouTube video (4 min. 04 sec.): Hillary Clinton ADMITS that the CIA Started and Funded Al Qaeda<\/a>, <strong><em>or<\/em><\/strong> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=WnLvzV9xAHA\" >YouTube video (1 min. 23 sec.): Hillary Clinton: \u2018We Created al-Qaeda\u2019<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=WHijBQn6lVk\" >YouTube video (10 min. 40 sec.): The United States is Arming, Funding Al-Qaeda, Syrian Rebels<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Allegations_of_CIA_assistance_to_Osama_bin_Laden\" >CIA \u2013 al-Qaeda controversy \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/polidics.com\/cia\/top-ranking-cia-operatives-admit-al-qaeda-is-a-complete-fabrication.html\" >Top Ranking CIA Operative Admit Al-qaeda Is a Complete Fabrication \u2013 Polidics.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historycommons.org\/context.jsp?item=a86operationcyclone\" >Context of \u20181986-1992: CIA and British Recruit and Train Militants Worldwide to Help Fight Afghan War\u2019<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/planet.infowars.com\/worldnews\/australia-oceania\/the-usas-role-in-creating-al-qaeda\" >The USA\u2019s Role in Creating \u2018Al-Qaeda\u2019<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.gamespot.com\/forums\/offtopic-discussion-314159273\/former-british-foreign-secretary-robin-cook-says-t-26723843\/\" >Former Foreign Secretary Robin Cook says there is no Al Qaeda<\/a>, <strong><em>or<\/em><\/strong> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/911myths.com\/index.php\/Al_Qaeda_does_not_exist\" >Al Qaeda does not exist<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/conservativebyte.com\/2013\/09\/cia-begins-delivering-weapons-al-qaeda-syria\/\" >CIA Begins Delivering Weapons to al-Qaeda in Syria<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.longwarjournal.org\/archives\/2013\/09\/report_american-supplied_arms.php\" >Report: American-supplied arms fell into al Qaeda\u2019s hands<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=cLjZoA3GaVE\" >CIA Agent: America creates its own enemies<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.spiritus-temporis.com\/al-qaeda\/alleged-cia-involvement.html\" >Al-Qaeda \u2013 Alleged CIA involvement<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.oilempire.us\/qaeda.html\" >Al-Qaeda: al-CIA-duh!<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.foreignaffairs.com\/articles\/afghanistan\/2005-10-01\/blowback-revisited\" >Blowback Revisited \u2013 Foreign Affairs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Blowback_%28intelligence%29\" >Blowback (intelligence) &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.examiner.com\/article\/cia-created-9-11-blowback-american-citizens-paid\" >CIA created 9\/11 blowback, American citizens paid<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/rense.com\/general73\/cia.htm\" >More Evidence \u2018al Qaeda\u2019 Is a CIA-ISI Contrivance \u2013 rense.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=fAawF22QUMs\" >Former CIA Agent Exposes the 9\/11 Cover up<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.washingtonsblog.com\/2012\/09\/sleeping-with-the-devil-how-u-s-and-saudi-backing-of-al-qaeda-led-to-911.html\" >Sleeping with the Devil: How U.S. and Saudi Backing of Al-Qaeda Led to 9\/11<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/whatreallyhappened.com\/WRHARTICLES\/fakealqaeda.php#axzz3kaQnTMqO\" >Fake Al Qaeda<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infowars.com\/how-the-cia-gave-al-qaeda-1-million-and-what-that-money-was-used-for\/\" >How The CIA Gave Al-Qaeda $1 Million and What That Money Used For<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.veteranstoday.com\/2013\/04\/20\/the-cias-founding-of-al-qaeda-documented\" >The CIA\u2019s \u201cFounding\u201d of Al Qaeda Documented<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/report-cia-money-given-to-al-qaeda\/\" >Report: CIA money was given to al Qaeda<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=3ekmAeiEk2U\" >US Pentagon Gives Al-Qaeda And ISIS $500 MILLION In Weapons And CASH<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/2015\/03\/14\/us-afghanistan-alqaeda-cia-idUSKBN0MA0S620150314\" >Afghanistan gave CIA money to al Qaeda for diplomat\u2019s ransom: NYT<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.syrianews.cc\/syria-cia-sends-weapons-terrorists\/\" >Syria: CIA sends Weapons to Terrorist within next weeks<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=oSvOciUYYMw\" >What\u2019s the difference between ISIS and Al Qaeda?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=c3I3ahtwrZE\" >US in bed with Al-Qaeda: George Galloway<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infowars.com\/former-al-qaeda-commander-isis-works-for-the-cia\/\" >Former Al Qaeda Commander: ISIS Works for the CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/topics.nytimes.com\/top\/reference\/timestopics\/organizations\/a\/al_qaeda\/index.html\" >Al Qaeda: Chronology of Coverage \u2013 The New York Times<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/docs.house.gov\/meetings\/FA\/FA18\/20131212\/101591\/HHRG-113-FA18-Wstate-LewisJ-20131212.pdf\" >Middle East Security Report 14, September 2013, by Jessica D. Lewis, &#8211; Al-Qaeda in Iraq Resurgent: Breaking the Walls Campaign Part 1<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>YouTube Videos on 9\/11:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/results?search_query=9%2F11&amp;spfreload=10\" >9\/11 (1)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/results?search_query=9%2F11+documentary&amp;spfreload=10\" >9\/11 (2)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/results?search_query=9%2F11+truth\" >9\/11 (3)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>A Few Books, Among Many Others, relating to 9\/11:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Mounting-Evidence-Need-Investigation-Into\/dp\/1462000665\/ref=tmm_pap_swatch_0?_encoding=UTF8&amp;qid=1441198255&amp;sr=1-1\" >MOUNTING EVIDENCE: Why We Need A New Investigation Into 9\/11, by Paul W. Rea, (August 19, 2011)<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Alice-Wonderland-World-Center-Disaster\/dp\/0953881024\/ref=sr_1_4?s=books&amp;ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1441196432&amp;sr=1-4&amp;keywords=9%2F11+world+trade+center\" >Alice in Wonder Land and the World Trade Center Disaster, by David Icke (September 30, 2002)<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Mysterious-Collapse-World-Trade-Center\/dp\/1566567866\/ref=sr_1_3?s=books&amp;ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1441196432&amp;sr=1-3&amp;keywords=9%2F11+world+trade+center\" >The Mysterious Collapse of World Trade Center 7: Why the Final Official Report About 9.11 Is Unscientific and False, by David Ray Griffin (September 8, 2009)<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.com\/World-Trade-Center-Re-Investigated-Anti-Terrorist\/dp\/1463751087\/ref=sr_1_8?s=books&amp;ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1441196432&amp;sr=1-8&amp;keywords=9%2F11+world+trade+center\" >9\/11 World Trade Center Re-Investigated: Observations of a Detective for the Organized Crime and the Anti-Terrorist Units (Volume 1), by Peter Julius Sloan (August 31, 2011)<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Eleventh-Day-Full-Story-11\/dp\/0812978099\/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&amp;ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1441197620&amp;sr=1-1&amp;keywords=9%2F11\" >The Eleventh Day: The Full Story of 9\/11, by Anthony Summers (August 14, 2012)<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1997\u00a0 <\/strong>Fourteen Estonian soldiers die in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kurkse_tragedy\" >Kurkse tragedy<\/a>, drowning in the Baltic Sea.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1997\u00a0 <\/strong>After a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Scottish_devolution_referendum,_1997\" >nationwide referendum<\/a>, Scotland votes to establish a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Scottish_Parliament\" >devolved parliament<\/a> within the United Kingdom.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1997\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/NASA\" >NASA<\/a>&#8216;s <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mars_Global_Surveyor\" >Mars Global Surveyor<\/a> reaches <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mars\" >Mars<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1989\u00a0 <\/strong>Hungary announces that the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/East_Germany\" >East German<\/a> refugees who had been housed in temporary camps were free to leave for West Germany.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1988\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/St._Jean_Bosco_massacre\" >St. Jean Bosco massacre<\/a> takes place in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Port-au-Prince\" >Port-au-Prince<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Haiti\" >Haiti<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1986\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-united-states-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >US performs nuclear test<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nevada_Test_Site\" >Nevada Test Site<\/a>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_United_States\" >List of the nuclear weapons tests of the United States &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fas.org\/nuke\/guide\/usa\/facility\/nts.htm\" >NEVADA TEST SITE \u2013 FAS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/wmd\/facility\/nts.htm\" >NEVADA TEST SITE \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.onlinenevada.org\/articles\/nevada-test-site-overview\" >Nevada Test Site Overview \u2013 OnlineNevada.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/about\/projects\/archive\/nucweapons\/nts\" >Nuclear testing at the Nevada Test Site \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/toxipedia.org\/display\/wanmec\/Nevada+Test+Site\" >Nevada Test Site \u2013 Toxipedia.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/digital.library.unlv.edu\/ntsohp\/\" >Nevada Test Site \u2013 Oral History Project<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nv.doe.gov\/library\/publications\/Environmental\/DOENV_11718_594.pdf\" >ECOLOGY OF THE NEVADA TEST SITE: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nevadatestsite.info\/\" >Nevada Test Site Workers Exposed to Radiation \u2013 National Cancer Benefits Center \u2013 NevadaTestSite.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/about\/projects\/archive\/nucweapons\/50\" >50 Facts About the US Nuclear Weapons \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Usa\/Tests\/\" >Gallery of US Nuclear Tests \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.acq.osd.mil\/ncbdp\/nm\/nm_book_5_11\/index.htm\" >The Nuclear Matters Handbook<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1985\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pete_Rose\" >Pete Rose<\/a> breaks <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ty_Cobb\" >Ty Cobb<\/a>&#8216;s <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Baseball\" >baseball<\/a> record for most career hits with his 4,192nd hit.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1983\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> at Eastern Kazakh\/<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Semipalatinsk_Test_Site\" >Semipalitinsk<\/a> USSR.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovwpnprog.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/tests\/USSR-ntestsS.html\" >Database of nuclear tests, USSR\/Russia: overview \u2013 JohnstonArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/soviet_nuclear_testing_semipalatinsk_20th_anniversary\/24311518.html\" >Slow Death of Kazakhstan\u2019s Land Of Nuclear Tests \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty \u2013 RFRL.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/large.stanford.edu\/courses\/2014\/ph241\/powell2\/docs\/vakulchuk.pdf\" >Semipalitinsk nuclear testing: the humanitarian consequences \u2013 Norwegian Institute of International Affairs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thebulletin.org\/lasting-toll-semipalatinsks-nuclear-testing\" >The lasting toll of Semipalitinsk\u2019s nuclear testing \u2013 TheBulletin.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/12566948_External_doses_of_residents_near_Semipalatinsk_nuclear_test_site\" >External Doses of Residents near Semipalitinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 ResearchGate.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.irpa.net\/irpa10\/cdrom\/00504.pdf\" >Radiation Exposure on Residents due to Semipalitinsk Nuclear Tests \u2013 IRPA.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1982\u00a0 <\/strong>The international forces that were guaranteeing the safety of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Palestinian_refugee\" >Palestinian refugees<\/a> following <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Israel\" >Israel<\/a>&#8216;s <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1982_Invasion_of_Lebanon\" >1982 Invasion of Lebanon<\/a> leave <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Beirut\" >Beirut<\/a>. Five days later, several thousand refugees are massacred in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sabra_and_Shatila_massacre\" >Sabra and Shatila refugee camps<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1980\u00a0 <\/strong>Voters approve a new <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Constitution_of_Chile\" >Constitution of Chile<\/a>, later amended after the departure of president Pinochet.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1978\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Janet_Parker\" >Janet Parker<\/a> is the last person to die of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Smallpox\" >smallpox<\/a>, in a laboratory-associated outbreak.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1976\u00a0 <\/strong>A group of Croatian nationalists plant a bomb in a coin locker at Grand Central Terminal. After stating political demands, they reveal the location and provided instructions for disarming the bomb. The disarming operation are not executed properly and the bomb explodes, killing one NYPD bomb squad specialist.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.odmp.org\/officer\/9805-police-officer-brian-j-murray\" >\u201c<em>Terrorists attempting to win Croatian independence, planted a bomb in a locker at Grand Central Station in Manhattan. The terrorists then hijacked a TWA flight. While en route to Europe, the terrorists transmitted their demands. The terrorists threatened to blow up the airplane with bombs<\/em>\u2026\u201d OFFICER DOWN MEMORIAL PAGE<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Background Direct or Indirect: Croatia, Nationalism, and Its Independence Movement:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/croatia.html\" >Croatia \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nationsonline.org\/oneworld\/croatia.htm\" >Croatia \u2013 NationOnline.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Croatian_nationalism\" >Croatian nationalism \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/self.gutenberg.org\/articles\/Croatian_nationalism\" >CROATIAN NATIONALISM \u2013 Self.Gutenberg.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/dbpedia.org\/page\/Croatian_Liberation_Movement\" >Croatian Liberation Movement \u2013 DBPendia.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mongabay.com\/history\/yugoslavia\/yugoslavia-croats.html\" >\u201c<em>The Croats, a people with long-frustrated national ambitions, have seen themselves for decades as cultured West Europeans shackled to the backward Balkans<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Mongabay.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.quazoo.com\/q\/Croatian_Liberation_Movement\" >Croatian Liberation Movement \u2013 Quazoo.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infernaldreams.com\/names\/Europe\/Southern\/Croatia.htm\" >Croatia (Hrvatska) \u2013 InfernalDream.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Croatia\" >History of Croatia \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nationalismproject.org\/articles\/Pero\/ch12.html\" >CHAPTER TWELVE: State Centralism, Peripheral Nationalism- From Serbian Memorandum to Croatian Independence \u2013 NationalismProject.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/povijest.blogspot.com\/2004\/09\/auvalo-croatian-nationalism-and.html\" >CRORATIAN NATIONALISM AND THE CRATIAN NATIONAL MOVEMENT (1966 \u2013 1972) IN ANGLO AMERICAN PUBLICATIONS, by Ante Cuvalo \u2013 Saturday, September 25, 2004 \u2013 Hrvatska Povijest<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Independence_of_Croatia\" >Independence of Croatia &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/273662516_The_Croatian_diaspora_politics_of_the_1990s_nationalism_unbound\" >The Croatian \u2018Diaspora Politics\u2019 of the 1990s: Nationalism Unbound? ,by Francesco Ragazzi<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Background Direct or Indirect: Independent State of Croatia (NDH) in World War II:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Croatian_Home_Guard_%28World_War_II%29\" >Croatian Home Guard (World War II) \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Independent_State_of_Croatia\" >Independent State of Croatia \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/military\/world\/europe\/hr-history-06.htm\" >Independent State of Croatia \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/fascism\/Varieties-of-fascism#ref976049\" >\u201c<em>Croatian fascists preached the racial inferiority of Serbs, and in the late 1930s they became increasingly anti-Semitic. When Germany invaded Yugoslavia in 1941, Ante Paveli\u0107, the Usta\u0161a\u2019s leader, became head of a German puppet state, the Independent State of Croatia (NDH), and established a one-party regime<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Acceptance of racism \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/hrvatiamacforum.yuku.com\/topic\/899#.VeXq-JeufX4\" >The Truth about NDH and the effect on The Hague Court \u2013 Yuku.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Background Direct or Indirect: Jasenovac Concentration Camp:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jasenovac_concentration_camp\" >Jasenovac concentration camp \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.holocaustresearchproject.org\/othercamps\/jasenovac.html\" >The Jasenovac Extermination Camp \u2013 \u201cTerror in Croatia\u201d \u2013 HolocaustResearchProject.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ushmm.org\/wlc\/en\/article.php?ModuleId=10005449\" >Jasenovac \u2013 Holocaust Encyclopedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.srpska-mreza.com\/library\/facts\/jasenovac.html\" >JASENOVAC \u2013 Srpska-Mreza.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jusp-jasenovac.hr\/default.aspx?sid=6711\" >Jasenovac \u2013 Jusp-Jasenovac.hr<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jasenovac.org\/\" >Jasenovac Research Institute<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/Holocaust\/Jasenovac.html\" >Concentration Camps: Jasenovac \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ushmm.org\/exhibition\/jasenovac\/\" >Holocaust Era in Croatia 1941-1945: JASENOVAC \u2013 USHMM.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/max-balkanboy.blogspot.com\/2013\/01\/yugoslavia-holocaust-and-hitler.html\" >Balkan Holocaust Remembrance day (Nazi Camp for Jews and Serbs)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/serbianna.com\/analysis\/archives\/1182\" >The Vatican Role in the Ustasha Genocide in the Independent State of Croatia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Background Direct or Indirect: Bleiburg Massacre:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bleiburg_repatriations\" >Bleiburg repatriations \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.stormfront.org\/forum\/t787654\/\" >THE BLEIBURG MASSACRE \u2013 StormFront.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/self.gutenberg.org\/articles\/Bleiburg_repatriations\" >BLEIBURG REPATRIATIONS \u2013 Self.Gutenberg.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/forum.axishistory.com\/viewtopic.php?t=118870\" >Bleiburg massacre over Croats \u2013 AxisHistory.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/forum.axishistory.com\/viewtopic.php?t=152153#p1323477\" >Bleiburg happens; NDH leaders escape \u2013 AxisHistory.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=hX6oeEUszhA\" >YouTube video (5 min. 33 sec.): WW2 Massacre made by Partisans in Bleiburg Part 1<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=H6U1iwbuvDs\" >YouTube video (7 min. 30 sec.): WW2 Massacre made by Partisans in Bleiburg Part 2<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=PC2KUkRLusI&amp;spfreload=10\" >YouTube video (3 min. 58 sec.): WW2 Massacre made by Partisans in Bleiburg Part 3<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1973\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1973_Chilean_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat\" >A coup<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chile\" >Chile<\/a> headed by General <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Augusto_Pinochet\" >Augusto Pinochet<\/a> topples the democratically elected president <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Salvador_Allende\" >Salvador Allende<\/a>. Pinochet exercises dictatorial power until ousted in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chilean_national_plebiscite,_1988\" >a referendum in 1988<\/a>, staying in power until 1990.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1971\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_the_Egyptian_Constitution\" >Egyptian Constitution<\/a> becomes official.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1970\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dawson%27s_Field_hijackings\" >Dawson&#8217;s Field hijackers<\/a> release 88 of their hostages. The remaining hostages, mostly Jews and Israeli citizens, are held until <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/September_25\" >September 25<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1969\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> at Eastern Kazakh\/<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Semipalatinsk_Test_Site\" >Semipalitinsk<\/a> USSR.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovwpnprog.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/tests\/USSR-ntestsS.html\" >Database of nuclear tests, USSR\/Russia: overview \u2013 JohnstonArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/soviet_nuclear_testing_semipalatinsk_20th_anniversary\/24311518.html\" >Slow Death of Kazakhstan\u2019s Land Of Nuclear Tests \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty \u2013 RFRL.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/large.stanford.edu\/courses\/2014\/ph241\/powell2\/docs\/vakulchuk.pdf\" >Semipalitinsk nuclear testing: the humanitarian consequences \u2013 Norwegian Institute of International Affairs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thebulletin.org\/lasting-toll-semipalatinsks-nuclear-testing\" >The lasting toll of Semipalitinsk\u2019s nuclear testing \u2013 TheBulletin.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/12566948_External_doses_of_residents_near_Semipalatinsk_nuclear_test_site\" >External Doses of Residents near Semipalitinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 ResearchGate.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.irpa.net\/irpa10\/cdrom\/00504.pdf\" >Radiation Exposure on Residents due to Semipalitinsk Nuclear Tests \u2013 IRPA.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1968\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/International_Association_of_Classification_Societies\" >International Association of Classification Societies<\/a> (IACS) was found.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1965\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indo-Pakistani_War_of_1965\" >Indo-Pakistani War<\/a>: The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indian_Army\" >Indian Army<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Burki\" >captures<\/a> the town of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Burki\" >Burki<\/a>, just southeast of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lahore\" >Lahore<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1945\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/9th_Division_%28Australia%29\" >Australian 9th Division<\/a> forces liberate the Japanese-run <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Batu_Lintang_camp\" >Batu Lintang camp<\/a>, a POW and civilian internment camp on the island of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Borneo\" >Borneo<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1944\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/RAF\" >RAF<\/a> bombing raid on <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Darmstadt\" >Darmstadt<\/a> and the following firestorm kill 11,500.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1944\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: The first <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Allies_of_World_War_II\" >Allied<\/a> troops of the U.S. Army cross the western border of Germany.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1943\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: Start of the liquidation of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ghetto\" >Ghettos<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Minsk\" >Minsk<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lida\" >Lida<\/a> by the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nazis\" >Nazis<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1943\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wehrmacht\" >German troops<\/a> occupy <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Corsica\" >Corsica<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kosovo\" >Kosovo<\/a>&#8211;<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Metohija\" >Metohija<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1941\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Charles_Lindbergh#.22America_First.22_involvement\" >Charles Lindbergh&#8217;s Des Moines Speech<\/a> accusing the British, Jews and the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Franklin_D._Roosevelt\" >Roosevelt<\/a> administration of pressing for war with Germany.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1941\u00a0 <\/strong>Ground is broken for the construction of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Pentagon\" >The Pentagon<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1940\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/George_Stibitz\" >George Stibitz<\/a> performs the first remote operation of a computer.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1936\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_II\" >World War II<\/a>: Canada declares war on Germany, the country&#8217;s first <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Military_history_of_Canada_during_World_War_II\" >independent declaration of war<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>1922\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Treaty_of_Kars\" >Treaty of Kars<\/a> is ratified in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yerevan\" >Yerevan<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Armenia\" >Armenia<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1921\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nahalal\" >Nahalal<\/a>, the first <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moshav\" >moshav<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Palestine\" >Palestine<\/a>, is settled as part of a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zionist\" >Zionist<\/a> plan to colonize Palestine and creating a Jewish state, later to be <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Israel\" >Israel<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Nahalal, and Jewish Settlement:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/judaica\/ejud_0002_0014_0_14470.html\" >NAHALAL or NAHALOL \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.this-is-galilee.com\/nahalal.html\" >Nahalal: \u201cThe Mother of Moshavim\u201d \u2013 This-Is-Galilee.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/israeled.org\/nahalal-is-founded\/\" >Nahalal is Funded \u2013 Israeled.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishagency.org\/\" >The Jewish Agency for Israel \u2013 JewishAgency.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/isdf\/text\/troen.html\" >Jewish Settlement in the Land of Israel\/Palestine, by Ilan Treon (July 2011) \u2013 Israel Studies An Anthology \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Zionism Movement:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/zion.html\" >Israel: Zionism \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/Zionism\/\" >Zionism \u2013 Index of Zionism \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.zionismbook.com\/\" >Zionism \u2013 The Real Enemy of the Jews \u2013 ZionismBook.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/Zionism\/firstcong.html\" >Zionist Congress: First to Twelfth Zionist Congress (1897-1921) \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Zionism\" >Zionism \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.truetorahjews.org\/zionism\" >Zionism \u2013 TrueTorahJews.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.serendipity.li\/zionism.htm\" >Zionism \u2013 Serendipity.li<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nkusa.org\/aboutus\/whatzionism.cfm\" >WHAT IS ZIONISM? JUDAISM VERSUS ZIONISM \u2013 Neturei Karta \u2013 NKUSA.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nkusa.org\/AboutUs\/Zionism\/judaism_isnot_zionism.cfm\" >JUDAISM AND ZIONISM ARE NOT THE SAME THING \u2013 Neturei Karta &#8211; NKUSA.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/dictionary.reference.com\/browse\/zionist\" >Zionism \u2013 Reference.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/zionism-israel.com\/\" >Zionism and Israel Information Center<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.thefreedictionary.com\/Zionism\" >Zionism \u2013 TheFreeDictionary.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/zionismontheweb.org\/\" >Zionism On The Web: Zionism On The Web provides definitions and facts on Israel and Zionism to combat hate, antisemitism and racism. \u2013 Learn about Zionism: Online facts to combat real world hate<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/zionism.me.uk\/\" >Zionism, Israel and me \u2013 Zionism.me.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sweetliberty.org\/issues\/israel\/zionist.html\" >Israel: THE ZIONIST STATE \u2013 SweetLiberty.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>History of Zionism:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mfa.gov.il\/mfa\/aboutisrael\/state\/pages\/zionism-%20background.aspx\" >ZIONISM: Background \u2013 Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Zionism\" >History of Zionism &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mideastweb.org\/zionism.htm\" >The history of Zionism and the creation of Israel \u2013 MidEastWeb.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/zionism-israel.com\/zionism_history.htm\" >A History of Zionism \u2013 Zionism \u2013 Zionism-Israel.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.zoominfo.com\/p\/Israel-Timeline\/561158408\" >Israel Timeline \u2013 ZoomInfo.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1919\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States_Marine_Corps\" >US Marines<\/a> invade <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Honduras\" >Honduras<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Honduras:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/honduras\/\" >Honduras \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Honduras\" >Honduras \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/honduras.html\" >Honduras \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.honduras.com\/\" >Honduras \u2013 Welcome to Honduras \u2013 Honduras.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/topics.nytimes.com\/top\/news\/international\/countriesandterritories\/honduras\/index.html\" >Honduras \u2013 CHRONOLOGY OF COVERAGE \u2013 The New York Times<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>History of Honduras:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Honduras\" >History of Honduras &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.thisishonduras.com\/Honduran-History.htm\" >Honduran History \u2013 ThisIsHonduras.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nationsonline.org\/oneworld\/History\/Honduras_history.htm\" >History of Honduras \u2013 NationsOnline.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/honduras\/history\" >Honduras \u2013 History \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/2\/hi\/americas\/country_profiles\/1225471.stm\" >Timeline: Honduras &#8211; BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>US Invasion of Honduras and of Other Countries:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2014-11-10\/us-military-deployments-map\/5875274\" >Map: 200 years of US military interventions \u2013 ABC.net.au<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.yachana.org\/teaching\/resources\/interventions.html\" >History of US Intervention in Latin America \u2013 YACHANA.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.zompist.com\/latam.html\" >US Interventions in Latin America \u2013 Zompist.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/academic.evergreen.edu\/g\/grossmaz\/interventions.html\" >A CENTUR OF US MILITARY INTERVENTIONS, by Dr. Zoltan Grossman<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/wais.stanford.edu\/USA\/us_supportforladictators8703.html\" >US: Support for Latin American Dictators \u2013 Stanford.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.encyclopedia.com\/topic\/United_States_Military_Involvement.aspx\" >United States Military Involvement \u2013 Encyclopedia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/honduras\/16.htm\" >The Expanded Role of the United States \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mrzine.monthlyreview.org\/2012\/whitney020612.html\">\u201c<em>S. troops invaded in 1903, 1907, 1911, 1912, 1919, 1924, and 1925, usually at times of political turmoil. \u00a0They were &#8220;protecting U.S. interests&#8221; like banana plantations, banks, and railroads. \u00a0In the 1980s Honduras was a U.S. staging area for Contra troops fighting Nicaragua&#8217;s leftist government<\/em>.\u201d &#8211; Annals of Imperialism: US Military Takes on Honduras<br \/>\nby W. T. Whitney Jr. \u2013 02.06.12 &#8211; MonthlyReview.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pinzler.com\/ushistory\/timeline9.html\" >Imperialism and World War I Timeline \u2013 Pinzler.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/ephemera.typepad.com\/ephemera\/2006\/12\/yanks_invade_ho.html\" >US Marines Land in Honduras 1919 Photograph<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Honduras \u2013 United States Relations:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Honduras%E2%80%93United_States_relations\" >Honduras-United States relations \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/history.state.gov\/countries\/honduras\" >A Guide to the United States\u2019 History of Recognition, Diplomatic, and Consular Relations, by Country, since 1776: Honduras \u2013 Office of the Historian \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/honduras\/100.htm\" >[Honduras and] The United States \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/research\/reports\/2013\/12\/the-united-states-needs-to-expand-security-cooperation-with-honduras\" >The United States Needs to Expand Security Cooperation with Honduras, by Ana Quintana \u2013 The Heritage Foundation \u2013 Heritage.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.thenation.com\/article\/honduras-which-side-us\/\" >Honduras: Which Is the US On? By Dana Frank \u2013 June 11, 2012 \u2013 TheNation.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mcnabbassociates.com\/Honduras%20International%20Extradition%20Treaty-supplementary%20with%20the%20United%20States.pdf\" >Honduras Extradition Treaty-Supplementary with the United States, February 21, 1927, Date signed; June 5, 1928, Date-In-Force<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1914\u00a0 <\/strong>Australia invades <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/New_Britain\" >New Britain<\/a>, defeating a German contingent at the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Bita_Paka\" >Battle of Bita Paka<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1897\u00a0 <\/strong>After months of pursuit, generals of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Menelik_II_of_Ethiopia\" >Menelik II of Ethiopia<\/a> capture <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gaki_Sherocho\" >Gaki Sherocho<\/a>, the last king of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kingdom_of_Kaffa\" >Kaffa<\/a>, bringing an end to that ancient kingdom.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Kingdom of Kaffa:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/kafaforfreedom.wordpress.com\/2012\/11\/19\/kingdom-of-kaffa\/\" >Kingdom of Kaffa \u2013 WordPress.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/self.gutenberg.org\/articles\/kingdom_of_kaffa\" >KINGDOM OF KAFFA \u2013 Gutenberg.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kaffa_Province\" >Kaffa Province &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ethiopianfolktales.com\/snnpr\/keffa-zone\" >KAFA ZONE \u2013 ETHOPIAN FALKTALES \u2013 EthiopianFalktales.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>History of the Kingdom of Kaffa:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/searchworks.stanford.edu\/view\/9050424\" >The history of the Kingdom of Kaffa \u2013 Stanford.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/mereja.com\/forum\/viewtopic.php?f=2&amp;t=91876&amp;mobile=on\" >Tigray Dynasties in Southern Ethiopia \u2013 Mereja.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1893\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Parliament_of_the_World%27s_Religions\" >Parliament of the World&#8217;s Religions<\/a> opens in Chicago, where <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Swami_Vivekananda\" >Swami Vivekananda<\/a> delivers his speech on fanaticism, tolerance and the truth inherent in all religions.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Swami Vivekananda:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ramakrishna.org\/sv.htm\" >SWAMI VIVEKANANDA \u2013 Biography \u2013 Ramakrishna.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ishafoundation.org\/blog\/sadhguru\/masters-words\/stories-swami-vivekananda-life-inspired\/\" >Biographical Stories of Swami Vivekananda \u2013 A Life Inspired \u2013 IshaFoundation.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ramakrishnavivekananda.info\/vivekananda\/complete_works.htm\" >Complete Works of Swami Vivekananda<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Swami Vivekananda\u2019s Speech at Chicago, September 11, 1893:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.viveksamity.org\/user\/doc\/CHICAGO-SPEECH.pdf\" >SWAMI VIVEKANANDA\u2019S SPEECH AT WORLD PARLIAMENT OF RELIGION, CHICAGO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.dailyo.in\/politics\/vivekananda-never-said-sisters-and-brothers-of-america-obama-siri-fort-speech-chicago-a-chorus-of-faith\/story\/1\/1711.html\" >Vivekananda never said, \u201cSisters and brothers in America\u201d \u2013 Dailyo.in<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=p4Nmvbm4WYM&amp;spfreload=10\" >YouTube video (21 min. 12 sec.): Swami Vivekananda 1893 Chicago Speech Part I<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=xvxF4gGRKAY&amp;spfreload=10\" >YouTube video (12 min. 23 sec.): Swami Vivekananda 1893 Chicago Speech Part II<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1857\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mountain_Meadows_massacre\" >Mountain Meadows massacre<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mormon\" >Mormon<\/a> settlers and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Paiute\" >Paiutes<\/a> massacre 120 pioneers at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mountain_Meadows,_Utah\" >Mountain Meadows, Utah<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1852\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/State_of_Buenos_Aires\" >State of Buenos Aires<\/a> secedes from the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Federales_%28Argentina%29\" >Argentine Federal government<\/a>, rejoining on September 17, 1861. Several places are named <em>Once de Septiembre<\/em> after this event.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1851\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Christiana_Resistance\" >Christiana Resistance<\/a>: Escaped slaves stand against their former owner in armed resistance in Christiana, Pennsylvania, creating a rallying cry for the abolitionist movement.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1830\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anti-Masonic_Party\" >Anti-Masonic Party<\/a> convention; one of the first American political party conventions.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1829\u00a0 <\/strong>Surrender of the expedition led by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Isidro_Barradas\" >Isidro Barradas<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tampico\" >Tampico<\/a>, sent by the Spanish crown in order to retake Mexico. This was the consummation of Mexico&#8217;s campaign for independence.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1803\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Delhi_%281803%29\" >Battle of Delhi<\/a>, during the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Second_Anglo-Maratha_War\" >Second Anglo-Maratha War<\/a>, between British troops under <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gerard_Lake,_1st_Viscount_Lake\" >General Lake<\/a>, and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Maratha\" >Marathas<\/a> of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Scindia\" >Scindia<\/a>&#8216;s army under General Louis Bourquin.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1802\u00a0 <\/strong>France annexes the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kingdom_of_Sardinia\" >Kingdom of Piedmont<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1786\u00a0 <\/strong>The beginning of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Annapolis_Convention_%281786%29\" >Annapolis Convention<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1776\u00a0 <\/strong>British\u2013American <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Staten_Island_Peace_Conference\" >peace conference<\/a> on <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Staten_Island\" >Staten Island<\/a> fails to stop nascent <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/American_Revolutionary_War\" >American Revolutionary War<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1758\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Saint_Cast\" >Battle of Saint Cast<\/a>: France repels British invasion during the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Seven_Years%27_War\" >Seven Years&#8217; War<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1714\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Siege_of_Barcelona_%281713%E2%80%9314%29\" >Siege of Barcelona<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Barcelona\" >Barcelona<\/a>, capital city of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Catalonia\" >Catalonia<\/a>, surrenders to Spanish and French <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Philip_V_of_Spain\" >Bourbon<\/a> armies in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/War_of_the_Spanish_Succession\" >War of the Spanish Succession<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1709\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Malplaquet\" >Battle of Malplaquet<\/a>: Great Britain, Netherlands and Austria fight against France.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1708\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Charles_XII_of_Sweden\" >Charles XII of Sweden<\/a> stops his march to conquer Moscow outside <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Smolensk\" >Smolensk<\/a>, marking the turning point in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Great_Northern_War\" >Great Northern War<\/a>. The army is defeated nine months later in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Poltava\" >Battle of Poltava<\/a>, and the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Swedish_Empire\" >Swedish Empire<\/a> ceases to be a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Major_power\" >major power<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1697\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Zenta\" >Battle of Zenta<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>SEPTEMBER 12<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>2011\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/9\/11_Memorial_Museum\" >9\/11 Memorial Museum<\/a> in New York City opens to the public.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.911memorial.org\/\" >9\/11 Memorial Museum \u2013 Official site<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2007\u00a0 <\/strong>Former Philippine President <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Joseph_Estrada\" >Joseph Estrada<\/a> is convicted of the crime of plunder.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2003\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Iraq_War\" >Iraq War<\/a>: In <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fallujah\" >Fallujah<\/a>, U.S. forces mistakenly shoot and kill eight Iraqi police officers.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2003\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Nations\" >United Nations<\/a> lifts <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/International_sanctions\" >sanctions<\/a> against <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Libya\" >Libya<\/a> after that country agreed to accept responsibility and recompense the families of victims in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1988\" >1988<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bomb\" >bombing<\/a> of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pan_Am_Flight_103\" >Pan Am Flight 103<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1999\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indonesia\" >Indonesia<\/a> announces it will allow international peace-keepers into <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/East_Timor\" >East Timor<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1992\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Abimael_Guzm%C3%A1n\" >Abimael Guzm\u00e1n<\/a>, leader of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shining_Path\" >Shining Path<\/a>, is captured by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Peru\" >Peruvian<\/a> special forces; shortly thereafter the rest of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shining_Path\" >Shining Path<\/a>&#8216;s leadership fell as well.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1992\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/NASA\" >NASA<\/a> launches <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Space_Shuttle_Endeavour\" >Space Shuttle <em>Endeavour<\/em><\/a> on <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/STS-47\" >STS-47<\/a> which marked the 50th shuttle mission. On board are <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mae_Jemison\" >Mae Carol Jemison<\/a>, the first <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/African-American\" >African-American<\/a> woman in space, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mamoru_Mohri\" >Mamoru Mohri<\/a>, the first Japanese citizen to fly in a US spaceship, and Mark Lee and Jan Davis, the first married couple in space.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1990\u00a0 <\/strong>The two German states and the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Allied_Control_Council\" >Four Powers<\/a> sign the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Treaty_on_the_Final_Settlement_with_Respect_to_Germany\" >Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany<\/a> in Moscow, paving the way for <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/German_reunification\" >German reunification<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1988\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hurricane_Gilbert\" >Hurricane Gilbert<\/a> devastates <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jamaica\" >Jamaica<\/a>; it turns towards Mexico&#8217;s Yucat\u00e1n Peninsula 2 days later, causing an estimated $5 billion in damage.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1983\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soviet_Union\" >USSR<\/a> vetoes a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Nations_Security_Council\" >United Nations Security Council<\/a> Resolution deploring the Soviet shooting down of a Korean civilian jetliner on September 1.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1983\u00a0 <\/strong>A <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wells_Fargo\" >Wells Fargo<\/a> depot in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/West_Hartford,_Connecticut\" >West Hartford, Connecticut<\/a>, United States, is robbed of approximately US$7 million by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Los_Macheteros\" >Los Macheteros<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1980\u00a0 <\/strong>Military <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1980_Turkish_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat\" >coup<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Turkey\" >Turkey<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1979\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indonesia\" >Indonesia<\/a> is hit with an <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Earthquake\" >earthquake<\/a> that measures 8.1 on the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Richter_magnitude_scale\" >Richter scale<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1977\u00a0 <\/strong>South African anti-<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Apartheid\" >apartheid<\/a> activist <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Steve_Biko\" >Steve Biko<\/a> dies in police custody.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1974\u00a0 <\/strong><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/African_Youth_Am%C3%ADlcar_Cabral\" >Juventude Africana Am\u00edlcar Cabral<\/a><\/em> is founded in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guinea-Bissau\" >Guinea-Bissau<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1974\u00a0 <\/strong>Emperor <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Haile_Selassie\" >Haile Selassie<\/a> of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ethiopia\" >Ethiopia<\/a>, &#8216;<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Messiah\" >Messiah<\/a>&#8216; of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rastafari_movement\" >Rastafari movement<\/a>, is deposed following a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Coup_d%27%C3%A9tat\" >military coup<\/a> by the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Derg\" >Derg<\/a>, ending a reign of 58 years.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1973\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Novaya_Zemlya\" >Novaya Zemlya<\/a> USSR.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/wmd\/world\/russia\/novaya_zemlya_nuc.htm\" >Novaya Zemlya \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.atlasobscura.com\/places\/novaya-zemlya\" >NOVAYA ZEMLYA \u2013 AtlasObscura.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.giantbomb.com\/novaya-zemlya\/3035-3167\/\" >Novaya Zemlya \u2013 GiantBomb.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.arkcode.com\/custom3_64.html\" >NOVA ZEMLYA (NOVAYA ZEMLYA) 58 MEGA TON H BOMB TEST \u2013 ArkCode.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nti.org\/facilities\/924\/\" >Central Test Site of Russia on Novaya Zemlya \u2013 NTI.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www1.american.edu\/ted\/ice\/novalya.htm\" >ICE Case Studies \u2013 Novaya Zemlya, by Carrie McVicker \u2013 American.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/earthobservatory.nasa.gov\/IOTD\/view.php?id=39591\" >Novaya Zemlya Archipelago \u2013 Image \u2013 NASA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/novayazemlya.net\/\" >Novaya Zemlya Archipelago \u2013 NovayaZemlya.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclear-risks.org\/en\/hibakusha-worldwide\/novaya-zemlya.html\" >Novaya Zemlya, Russia \u2013 Nuclear-Risks.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/tass.ru\/en\/russia\/743105\" >Novaya Zemlya: test site for most powerful nuclear bomb ever detonated \u2013 July 31, 2014 \u2013 TASS Russian News Agency<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclearno.com\/text.asp?11073\" >Novaya Zemlya: birds, animals adapt nuclear test site, by Tatyana Sinitsyna \u2013 RIA Novosti, Russia \u2013 15 August 2006<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/of\/1993\/0501\/report.pdf\" >UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOGRPAPHICAL SURVEY \u2013 Physical Environment of the Underground Nuclear Test Site on Novaya Zemlya, Russia, by John R. Matzko \u2013 Open-File Report 93-501 \u2013 Reston, Virginia &#8211; 1993<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1970\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dawson%27s_Field_hijackings\" >Dawson&#8217;s Field hijackings<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Palestinian_people\" >Palestinian<\/a> terrorists blow up three hijacked airliners in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jordan\" >Jordan<\/a>, continuing to hold the passengers hostage in various undisclosed locations in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Amman\" >Amman<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1966\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gemini_11\" >Gemini 11<\/a>, the penultimate mission of NASA&#8217;s <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gemini_program\" >Gemini program<\/a>, and the current human altitude record holder (except for the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Apollo_program\" >Apollo lunar missions<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p><strong>1964\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Canyonlands_National_Park\" >Canyonlands National Park<\/a> is designated as a National Park.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1961\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/African_and_Malagasy_Union\" >African and Malagasy Union<\/a> is founded.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1961\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Novaya_Zemlya\" >Novaya Zemlya<\/a> USSR.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/wmd\/world\/russia\/novaya_zemlya_nuc.htm\" >Novaya Zemlya \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.atlasobscura.com\/places\/novaya-zemlya\" >NOVAYA ZEMLYA \u2013 AtlasObscura.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.giantbomb.com\/novaya-zemlya\/3035-3167\/\" >Novaya Zemlya \u2013 GiantBomb.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.arkcode.com\/custom3_64.html\" >NOVA ZEMLYA (NOVAYA ZEMLYA) 58 MEGA TON H BOMB TEST \u2013 ArkCode.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nti.org\/facilities\/924\/\" >Central Test Site of Russia on Novaya Zemlya \u2013 NTI.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www1.american.edu\/ted\/ice\/novalya.htm\" >ICE Case Studies \u2013 Novaya Zemlya, by Carrie McVicker \u2013 American.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/earthobservatory.nasa.gov\/IOTD\/view.php?id=39591\" >Novaya Zemlya Archipelago \u2013 Image \u2013 NASA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/novayazemlya.net\/\" >Novaya Zemlya Archipelago \u2013 NovayaZemlya.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclear-risks.org\/en\/hibakusha-worldwide\/novaya-zemlya.html\" >Novaya Zemlya, Russia \u2013 Nuclear-Risks.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/tass.ru\/en\/russia\/743105\" >Novaya Zemlya: test site for most powerful nuclear bomb ever detonated \u2013 July 31, 2014 \u2013 TASS Russian News Agency<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclearno.com\/text.asp?11073\" >Novaya Zemlya: birds, animals adapt nuclear test site, by Tatyana Sinitsyna \u2013 RIA Novosti, Russia \u2013 15 August 2006<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/of\/1993\/0501\/report.pdf\" >UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOGRPAPHICAL SURVEY \u2013 Physical Environment of the Underground Nuclear Test Site on Novaya Zemlya, Russia, by John R. Matzko \u2013 Open-File Report 93-501 \u2013 Reston, Virginia &#8211; 1993<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1959\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soviet_Union\" >Soviet Union<\/a> launches a large rocket, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lunik_II\" >Lunik II<\/a>, at the moon.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1959\u00a0 <\/strong>Premiere of <em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bonanza\" >Bonanza<\/a><\/em>, the first regularly scheduled TV program presented in color.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1958\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-united-states-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >US performs nuclear test<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nevada_Test_Site\" >Nevada Test Site<\/a>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_United_States\" >List of the nuclear weapons tests of the United States &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fas.org\/nuke\/guide\/usa\/facility\/nts.htm\" >NEVADA TEST SITE \u2013 FAS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/wmd\/facility\/nts.htm\" >NEVADA TEST SITE \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.onlinenevada.org\/articles\/nevada-test-site-overview\" >Nevada Test Site Overview \u2013 OnlineNevada.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/about\/projects\/archive\/nucweapons\/nts\" >Nuclear testing at the Nevada Test Site \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/toxipedia.org\/display\/wanmec\/Nevada+Test+Site\" >Nevada Test Site \u2013 Toxipedia.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/digital.library.unlv.edu\/ntsohp\/\" >Nevada Test Site \u2013 Oral History Project<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nv.doe.gov\/library\/publications\/Environmental\/DOENV_11718_594.pdf\" >ECOLOGY OF THE NEVADA TEST SITE: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nevadatestsite.info\/\" >Nevada Test Site Workers Exposed to Radiation \u2013 National Cancer Benefits Center \u2013 NevadaTestSite.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/about\/projects\/archive\/nucweapons\/50\" >50 Facts About the US Nuclear Weapons \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Usa\/Tests\/\" >Gallery of US Nuclear Tests \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.acq.osd.mil\/ncbdp\/nm\/nm_book_5_11\/index.htm\" >The Nuclear Matters Handbook<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1958\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jack_Kilby\" >Jack Kilby<\/a> demonstrates the first <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Integrated_circuit\" >integrated circuit<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1953\u00a0 <\/strong>U.S. Senator and future President <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/John_F._Kennedy\" >John Fitzgerald Kennedy<\/a> marries <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jacqueline_Kennedy_Onassis\" >Jacqueline Lee Bouvier<\/a> at St. Mary&#8217;s Church in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Newport,_Rhode_Island\" >Newport, Rhode Island<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1952\u00a0 <\/strong>Strange occurrences, including a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Flatwoods_monster\" >monster sighting<\/a>, take place in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Flatwoods,_West_Virginia\" >Flatwoods, West Virginia<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1948\u00a0 <\/strong>Invasion of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/State_of_Hyderabad\" >State of Hyderabad<\/a> by the Indian Army on the day after the Pakistani leader <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Muhammad_Ali_Jinnah\" >Muhammad Ali Jinnah<\/a>&#8216;s death.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1944\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: The liberation of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Serbia\" >Serbia<\/a> from <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nazi_Germany\" >Nazi Germany<\/a> continues. <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bajina_Ba%C5%A1ta\" >Bajina Ba\u0161ta<\/a> in western Serbia is among those liberated cities. Near <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Trier\" >Trier<\/a>, American troops enter Germany for the first time.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1943\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Benito_Mussolini\" >Benito Mussolini<\/a>, dictator of Italy, is <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gran_Sasso_raid\" >rescued from house arrest<\/a> on the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gran_Sasso\" >Gran Sasso<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Abruzzi\" >Abruzzi<\/a>, by German <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Commando\" >commando<\/a> forces led by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Otto_Skorzeny\" >Otto Skorzeny<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1942\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: First day of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Edson%27s_Ridge\" >Battle of Edson&#8217;s Ridge<\/a> during the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guadalcanal_Campaign\" >Guadalcanal Campaign<\/a>. <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States_Marine_Corps\" >U.S. Marines<\/a> protecting <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Henderson_Field_%28Guadalcanal%29\" >Henderson Field<\/a> on <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guadalcanal\" >Guadalcanal<\/a> are attacked by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Imperial_Japanese_Army\" >Imperial Japanese Army<\/a> forces.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1942\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_II\" >World War II<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/RMS_Laconia_%281921%29\" >RMS <em>Laconia<\/em><\/a>, carrying civilians, Allied soldiers and Italian <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Prisoner_of_war\" >POWs<\/a> is <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Laconia_incident\" >torpedoed<\/a> off the coast of West Africa and sinks with a heavy loss of life.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1940\u00a0 <\/strong>An explosion at the Hercules Powder Company plant in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Succasunna-Kenvil,_New_Jersey\" >Kenvil, New Jersey<\/a> kills 51 people and injures over 200.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1940\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cave_painting\" >Cave paintings<\/a> are discovered in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lascaux\" >Lascaux<\/a>, France.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1938\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Adolf_Hitler\" >Adolf Hitler<\/a> demands <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Autonomy\" >autonomy<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Self-determination\" >self-determination<\/a> for the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Germans\" >Germans<\/a> of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sudetenland\" >Sudetenland<\/a> region of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Czechoslovakia\" >Czechoslovakia<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1933\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Le%C3%B3_Szil%C3%A1rd\" >Le\u00f3 Szil\u00e1rd<\/a>, waiting for a red light on <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Southampton_Row\" >Southampton Row<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bloomsbury\" >Bloomsbury<\/a>, conceives the idea of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nuclear_chain_reaction\" >nuclear chain reaction<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1923\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Southern_Rhodesia\" >Southern Rhodesia<\/a>, today called <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zimbabwe\" >Zimbabwe<\/a>, is annexed by the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Kingdom\" >United Kingdom<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1919\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Adolf_Hitler\" >Adolf Hitler<\/a> joins the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/German_Workers%27_Party\" >German Workers&#8217; Party<\/a> (later the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nazi_Party\" >Nazi Party<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p><strong>1897\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tirah_Campaign\" >Tirah Campaign<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Saragarhi\" >Battle of Saragarhi<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1890\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Harare\" >Salisbury<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rhodesia\" >Rhodesia<\/a>, is founded.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1848\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Switzerland_as_a_federal_state\" >Switzerland becomes a Federal state<\/a>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Swiss_Federal_Constitution\" >Swiss Federal Constitution \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/history-switzerland.geschichte-schweiz.ch\/switzerland-federal-constitution-1848.html\" >Switzerland\u2019s Way towards the Federal Constitution of 1848 \u2013 History of Switzerland<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.myswitzerland.com\/en\/fed-eral-constitution-and-the-19th-century.html\" >Federal Constitution and the 19<sup>th<\/sup> Century \u2013 MySwitzerland.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.eda.admin.ch\/content\/dam\/PRS-Web\/Dokumente\/en\/auf-dem-weg-zum-bundesstaat-1815-1848_EN.pdf\" >On the way to becoming a federal state (1815-1848)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ch.ch\/en\/swiss-federalism\/\" >Swiss federalism \u2013 ch.ch<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/federalconstitu00switgoog\" >The federal constitution of the Swiss confederation. September 12, 1848 with art. XLI and XLVIII as amended January 14, 1866<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>SEPTEMBER 13<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>2013\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Taliban\" >Taliban<\/a> insurgents <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2013_attack_on_U.S._consulate_in_Herat\" >attack the United States consulate in Herat<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Afghanistan\" >Afghanistan<\/a>, with two members of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Afghan_National_Police\" >Afghan National Police<\/a> reported dead and about 20 civilians injured.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2008\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Delhi\" >Delhi<\/a>, India, is hit by a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/13_September_2008_Delhi_bombings\" >series of bomb blasts<\/a>, resulting in 30 deaths and 130 injuries.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2007\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Declaration_on_the_Rights_of_Indigenous_Peoples\" >Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples<\/a> is adopted by the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Nations_General_Assembly\" >United Nations General Assembly<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2001\u00a0 <\/strong>Civilian aircraft traffic resumes in the United States after the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/September_11_attacks\" >September 11 attacks<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1994\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ulysses_probe\" >Ulysses probe<\/a> passes the Sun&#8217;s south pole.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1993\u00a0 <\/strong>Israeli Prime Minister <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yitzhak_Rabin\" >Yitzhak Rabin<\/a> shakes hands with <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Palestine_Liberation_Organization\" >Palestine Liberation Organization<\/a> chairman <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yasser_Arafat\" >Yasser Arafat<\/a> at the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/White_House\" >White House<\/a> after signing the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Oslo_Accords\" >Oslo Accords<\/a> granting limited Palestinian autonomy.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1989\u00a0 <\/strong>Largest anti-<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Apartheid\" >Apartheid<\/a> march in South Africa, led by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Desmond_Tutu\" >Desmond Tutu<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Desmond Tutu:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nobelprize.org\/nobel_prizes\/peace\/laureates\/1984\/tutu-bio.html\" >Desmond Tutu \u2013 Biographical \u2013 Nobelprize.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Desmond-Tutu\" >Desmond Tutu &#8211; South African archbishop \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/people\/tutu-desmond-mpilo.html\" >Desmond Mpilo Tutu \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a>, <strong><em>or<\/em><\/strong> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/biography\/var\/desmondtutu.html\" >Desmond Tutu \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-10725711\" >Profile: Archbishop Desmond Tutu &#8211; BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.writespirit.net\/authors\/desmond-tutu\/\" >Desmond Tutu \u2013 WriteSpirit.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.webpages.uidaho.edu\/ngier\/TutuManela.htm\" >DESMOND TUTU, ALLAN BOESAK, AND NELSON MANDEL: GIANTS OF SOUTH AFRICAN LIGERATION, by Nick Gier, Professor Emeritus, University of Idaho \u2013 Uidaho.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>1989 Peace March against Apartheid:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cape_Town_peace_march\" >Cape Town peace march \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.archivalplatform.org\/images\/resources\/PeaceMarch.pdf\" >CLIMPING HOPE, MARCHING FOR PEACE: A Commemoration for the 13 September 1989 Cape Town Peace March: Exhibition Information Brochure<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/medialternatives.com\/2009\/09\/13\/1989-peace-march-apartheid-revisionism-or-memory-playing-tricks\/\" >1989 Peace March: apartheid revisionism or memory playing tricks? \u2013 September 13, 2009 \u2013 Medialternatives.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1988\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hurricane_Gilbert\" >Hurricane Gilbert<\/a> is the strongest recorded hurricane in the Western Hemisphere, later replaced by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hurricane_Wilma\" >Hurricane Wilma<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2005\" >2005<\/a> (based on <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Barometric_pressure\" >barometric pressure<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p><strong>1987\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Goi%C3%A2nia_accident\" >Goi\u00e2nia accident<\/a>: A <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Radioactive\" >radioactive<\/a> object is stolen from an abandoned hospital in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Goi%C3%A2nia\" >Goi\u00e2nia<\/a>, Brazil, contaminating many people in the following weeks and causing some to die from <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Radiation_poisoning\" >radiation poisoning<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1985\u00a0 <\/strong><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Super_Mario_Bros.\" >Super Mario Bros.<\/a><\/em> is released in Japan for the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nintendo_Entertainment_System\" >NES<\/a>, which starts the <em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Super_Mario_%28series%29\" >Super Mario<\/a><\/em> series of platforming games.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1981\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> at Eastern Kazakh\/<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Semipalatinsk_Test_Site\" >Semipalitinsk<\/a> USSR.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovwpnprog.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/tests\/USSR-ntestsS.html\" >Database of nuclear tests, USSR\/Russia: overview \u2013 JohnstonArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/soviet_nuclear_testing_semipalatinsk_20th_anniversary\/24311518.html\" >Slow Death of Kazakhstan\u2019s Land Of Nuclear Tests \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty \u2013 RFRL.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/large.stanford.edu\/courses\/2014\/ph241\/powell2\/docs\/vakulchuk.pdf\" >Semipalitinsk nuclear testing: the humanitarian consequences \u2013 Norwegian Institute of International Affairs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thebulletin.org\/lasting-toll-semipalatinsks-nuclear-testing\" >The lasting toll of Semipalitinsk\u2019s nuclear testing \u2013 TheBulletin.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/12566948_External_doses_of_residents_near_Semipalatinsk_nuclear_test_site\" >External Doses of Residents near Semipalitinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 ResearchGate.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.irpa.net\/irpa10\/cdrom\/00504.pdf\" >Radiation Exposure on Residents due to Semipalitinsk Nuclear Tests \u2013 IRPA.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1979\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/South_Africa\" >South Africa<\/a> grants independence to the &#8220;homeland&#8221; of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Venda\" >Venda<\/a> (not recognized outside South Africa).<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>South Africa:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/South-Africa\" >South Africa \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/south-africa\" >South Africa \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/south-africa.html\" >South Africa \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>History of South Africa:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_South_Africa\" >History of South Africa &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/history-of-South-Africa\" >History of South Africa \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/south-africa\/history\" >South Africa \u2013 History \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/south-africa-history.html\" >South Africa \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyworld.net\/wrldhis\/PlainTextHistories.asp?ParagraphID=otr\" >HISTORY OF SOUTH AFRICA \u2013 HistoryWorld.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Venda, Its People, Culture, and History:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Venda-former-republic-Africa\" >Venda \u2013 Former Republic, Africa \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sahistory.org.za\/places\/venda\" >Venda \u2013 SOUTH AFRICAN HISTORY ONLINE<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.places.co.za\/html\/venda.html\" >Venda \u2013 Land of Legend \u2013 SA PLACES<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.southafrica.com\/limpopo\/venda\/\" >Venda \u2013 Ancient Tradition and Culture \u2013 SouthAfrica.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Venda_people\" >Venda people \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.southafrica.net\/za\/en\/articles\/entry\/article-southafrica.net-venda-traditions\" >Venda Traditions, Limpopo \u2013 SouthAfrica.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1974\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> at Eastern Kazakh\/<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Semipalatinsk_Test_Site\" >Semipalitinsk<\/a> USSR.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovwpnprog.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/tests\/USSR-ntestsS.html\" >Database of nuclear tests, USSR\/Russia: overview \u2013 JohnstonArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/soviet_nuclear_testing_semipalatinsk_20th_anniversary\/24311518.html\" >Slow Death of Kazakhstan\u2019s Land Of Nuclear Tests \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty \u2013 RFRL.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/large.stanford.edu\/courses\/2014\/ph241\/powell2\/docs\/vakulchuk.pdf\" >Semipalitinsk nuclear testing: the humanitarian consequences \u2013 Norwegian Institute of International Affairs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thebulletin.org\/lasting-toll-semipalatinsks-nuclear-testing\" >The lasting toll of Semipalitinsk\u2019s nuclear testing \u2013 TheBulletin.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/12566948_External_doses_of_residents_near_Semipalatinsk_nuclear_test_site\" >External Doses of Residents near Semipalitinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 ResearchGate.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.irpa.net\/irpa10\/cdrom\/00504.pdf\" >Radiation Exposure on Residents due to Semipalitinsk Nuclear Tests \u2013 IRPA.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1971\u00a0 <\/strong>Chairman <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mao_Zedong\" >Mao Zedong<\/a>&#8216;s second in command and successor Marshal <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lin_Biao\" >Lin Biao<\/a> flees the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/People%27s_Republic_of_China\" >People&#8217;s Republic of China<\/a> after the failure of an alleged coup. His plane crashes in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mongolia\" >Mongolia<\/a>, killing all aboard.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Lin-Biao\" >Lin Biao \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Project_571\" >Project 571 \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sacu.org\/linbiao.html\" >Decline and fall of Lin Biao \u2013 SACU.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/ww2.odu.edu\/ao\/instadv\/quest\/LinBiao.html\" >Distorting History: Lessons from The Lin Biao Incident, by Qui Jin \u2013 ODU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1968\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/People%27s_Socialist_Republic_of_Albania\" >Albania<\/a> leaves the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Warsaw_Pact\" >Warsaw Pact<\/a>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/famousdaily.com\/history\/albania-leaves-warsaw-pact.html\" >Albania leaves Warsaw Pact, by Gary Satanovsky \u2013 FamousDaily.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Warsaw-Pact\" >Warsaw Pact \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.coldwar.org\/articles\/50s\/TheWarsawPact.asp\" >WARSAW PACT \u2013 The Cold War Museum &#8211; ColdWar.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/warsaw-treaty-organization.html\" >Warsaw Treaty Organization \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.shsu.edu\/~his_ncp\/warpact.html\" >THE WARSAW PACT \u2013 SHSU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lukemastin.com\/history\/modern_warsaw_pact.html\" >WARSAW PACT COUNTRIES: 1919 \u2013 2000 \u2013 HISTORY OF THE WORLD \u2013 LUKEMASTIN.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1964\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Army_of_the_Republic_of_Vietnam\" >South Vietnamese<\/a> Generals <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/L%C3%A2m_V%C4%83n_Ph%C3%A1t\" >L\u00e2m V\u0103n Ph\u00e1t<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/D%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_V%C4%83n_%C4%90%E1%BB%A9c\" >D\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0103n \u0110\u1ee9c<\/a> fail in a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/September_1964_South_Vietnamese_coup_attempt\" >coup attempt<\/a> against General <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nguy%E1%BB%85n_Kh%C3%A1nh\" >Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u00e1nh<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1963\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-united-states-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >US performs nuclear test<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nevada_Test_Site\" >Nevada Test Site<\/a>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_United_States\" >List of the nuclear weapons tests of the United States &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fas.org\/nuke\/guide\/usa\/facility\/nts.htm\" >NEVADA TEST SITE \u2013 FAS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/wmd\/facility\/nts.htm\" >NEVADA TEST SITE \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.onlinenevada.org\/articles\/nevada-test-site-overview\" >Nevada Test Site Overview \u2013 OnlineNevada.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/about\/projects\/archive\/nucweapons\/nts\" >Nuclear testing at the Nevada Test Site \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/toxipedia.org\/display\/wanmec\/Nevada+Test+Site\" >Nevada Test Site \u2013 Toxipedia.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/digital.library.unlv.edu\/ntsohp\/\" >Nevada Test Site \u2013 Oral History Project<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nv.doe.gov\/library\/publications\/Environmental\/DOENV_11718_594.pdf\" >ECOLOGY OF THE NEVADA TEST SITE: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nevadatestsite.info\/\" >Nevada Test Site Workers Exposed to Radiation \u2013 National Cancer Benefits Center \u2013 NevadaTestSite.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/about\/projects\/archive\/nucweapons\/50\" >50 Facts About the US Nuclear Weapons \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Usa\/Tests\/\" >Gallery of US Nuclear Tests \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.acq.osd.mil\/ncbdp\/nm\/nm_book_5_11\/index.htm\" >The Nuclear Matters Handbook<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1961\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Novaya_Zemlya\" >Novaya Zemlya<\/a> USSR.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/wmd\/world\/russia\/novaya_zemlya_nuc.htm\" >Novaya Zemlya \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.atlasobscura.com\/places\/novaya-zemlya\" >NOVAYA ZEMLYA \u2013 AtlasObscura.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.giantbomb.com\/novaya-zemlya\/3035-3167\/\" >Novaya Zemlya \u2013 GiantBomb.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.arkcode.com\/custom3_64.html\" >NOVA ZEMLYA (NOVAYA ZEMLYA) 58 MEGA TON H BOMB TEST \u2013 ArkCode.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nti.org\/facilities\/924\/\" >Central Test Site of Russia on Novaya Zemlya \u2013 NTI.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www1.american.edu\/ted\/ice\/novalya.htm\" >ICE Case Studies \u2013 Novaya Zemlya, by Carrie McVicker \u2013 American.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/earthobservatory.nasa.gov\/IOTD\/view.php?id=39591\" >Novaya Zemlya Archipelago \u2013 Image \u2013 NASA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/novayazemlya.net\/\" >Novaya Zemlya Archipelago \u2013 NovayaZemlya.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclear-risks.org\/en\/hibakusha-worldwide\/novaya-zemlya.html\" >Novaya Zemlya, Russia \u2013 Nuclear-Risks.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/tass.ru\/en\/russia\/743105\" >Novaya Zemlya: test site for most powerful nuclear bomb ever detonated \u2013 July 31, 2014 \u2013 TASS Russian News Agency<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclearno.com\/text.asp?11073\" >Novaya Zemlya: birds, animals adapt nuclear test site, by Tatyana Sinitsyna \u2013 RIA Novosti, Russia \u2013 15 August 2006<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/of\/1993\/0501\/report.pdf\" >UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOGRPAPHICAL SURVEY \u2013 Physical Environment of the Underground Nuclear Test Site on Novaya Zemlya, Russia, by John R. Matzko \u2013 Open-File Report 93-501 \u2013 Reston, Virginia &#8211; 1993<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1961\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> at Eastern Kazakh\/<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Semipalatinsk_Test_Site\" >Semipalitinsk<\/a> USSR.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovwpnprog.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/tests\/USSR-ntestsS.html\" >Database of nuclear tests, USSR\/Russia: overview \u2013 JohnstonArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/soviet_nuclear_testing_semipalatinsk_20th_anniversary\/24311518.html\" >Slow Death of Kazakhstan\u2019s Land Of Nuclear Tests \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty \u2013 RFRL.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/large.stanford.edu\/courses\/2014\/ph241\/powell2\/docs\/vakulchuk.pdf\" >Semipalitinsk nuclear testing: the humanitarian consequences \u2013 Norwegian Institute of International Affairs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thebulletin.org\/lasting-toll-semipalatinsks-nuclear-testing\" >The lasting toll of Semipalitinsk\u2019s nuclear testing \u2013 TheBulletin.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/12566948_External_doses_of_residents_near_Semipalatinsk_nuclear_test_site\" >External Doses of Residents near Semipalitinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 ResearchGate.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.irpa.net\/irpa10\/cdrom\/00504.pdf\" >Radiation Exposure on Residents due to Semipalitinsk Nuclear Tests \u2013 IRPA.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1956\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/IBM_305_RAMAC\" >IBM 305 RAMAC<\/a> is introduced, the first commercial computer to use <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Disk_storage\" >disk storage<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1956\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dike_%28construction%29\" >dike<\/a> around the Dutch <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Polder\" >polder<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zuiderzee_Works#The_Flevolands\" >East Flevoland<\/a> is closed.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1953\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nikita_Khrushchev\" >Nikita Khrushchev<\/a> is appointed <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/General_Secretary\" >General Secretary<\/a> of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >Communist Party of the Soviet Union<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Nikita Khrushchev:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/cold-war\/nikita-sergeyevich-khrushchev\" >NIKITA KHRUSHCHEV \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/redfiles\/bios\/all_bio_nikita_khrushchev.htm\" >Nikita Khrushchev (1894 \u2013 1971) \u2013 PBS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Nikita-Sergeyevich-Khrushchev\" >Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/people\/khrushchev-nikita-sergeyevich-soviet-leader.html\" >Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/spartacus-educational.com\/RUSkhrushchev.htm\" >Nikita Khrushchev \u2013 Spartacus-Educational<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.biography.com\/people\/nikita-khrushchev-9364384\" >Nikita Khrushchev (1894 \u2013 1971) \u2013 Biography.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Communist Party of the Soviet Union:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Communist-Party-of-the-Soviet-Union\" >Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com\/Communist+Party+of+the+Soviet+Union\" >Communist Party of the Soviet Union \u2013 TheFreeDictionary.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.yivoencyclopedia.org\/article.aspx\/Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >Communist Party of the Soviet Union \u2013 YivoEncyclopedia.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/reference\/archive\/stalin\/works\/1939\/x01\/\" >History of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (Bolsheviks) \u2013 Short Course \u2013 Marxists.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1948\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Margaret_Chase_Smith\" >Margaret Chase Smith<\/a> is elected <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Senator\" >senator<\/a>, and becomes the first woman to serve in both the U.S. <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States_House_of_Representatives\" >House of Representatives<\/a> and the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States_Senate\" >United States Senate<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1948\u00a0 <\/strong>Deputy Primer Minister of India <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vallabhbhai_Patel\" >Vallabhbhai Patel<\/a> ordered the Army to move into the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hyderabad_State\" >Hyderabad<\/a> to integrate it with <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indian_Union\" >Indian Union<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1943\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Municipal_Theatre_of_Corfu\" >Municipal Theatre of Corfu<\/a> is destroyed during an aerial bombardment by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Luftwaffe\" >Luftwaffe<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1942\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_II\" >World War II<\/a>: Second day of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Edson%27s_Ridge\" >Battle of Edson&#8217;s Ridge<\/a> in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guadalcanal_Campaign\" >Guadalcanal Campaign<\/a>. <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States_Marine_Corps\" >U.S. Marines<\/a> successfully defeated attacks by the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Imperial_Japanese_Army\" >Imperial Japanese Army<\/a> with heavy losses for the Japanese forces.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1933\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Elizabeth_McCombs\" >Elizabeth McCombs<\/a> becomes the first woman <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lyttelton_by-election,_1933\" >elected<\/a> to the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/New_Zealand_Parliament\" >New Zealand Parliament<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1923\u00a0 <\/strong>Following a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Military_coup\" >military coup<\/a> in Spain, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Miguel_Primo_de_Rivera\" >Miguel Primo de Rivera<\/a> takes over, setting up a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dictatorship\" >dictatorship<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1922\u00a0 <\/strong>The final act of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Greco-Turkish_War_%281919%E2%80%9322%29\" >Greco-Turkish War<\/a>, the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Great_Fire_of_Smyrna\" >Great Fire of Smyrna<\/a>, commences.<\/p>\n<p><em>Also see the date of \u201c<\/em><strong>SEPTEMBER 7, 1922\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong>In Ayd\u0131n, Turkey, independence of Ayd\u0131n, from Greek occupation.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Greco-Turkish War:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Greco-Turkish-War-1921-1922\" >Greco-Turkish War 1921-1922 \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/military\/world\/war\/greco-turkish.htm\" >Greco-Turkish War \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.hellenicaworld.com\/Greece\/History\/en\/GrecoTurkishWar19191922.html\" >Greco-Turkish War (1919 \u2013 1922) \u2013 HellenicWorld.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/wars.findthedata.com\/l\/187\/Greco-Turkish-War\" >Greco-Turkish War \u2013 FindTheData.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=xnEsvyZBXGI\" >YouTube video (59 min. 33 sec.): The Greco-Turkish War of 1919-1922<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=SHWA2-Zs5nY\" >YouTube video (5 min. 58 sec.): Blood &amp; Oil: Greco-Turkish War<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.musicillustratedmagazine.com\/q\/History_of_Izmir_Province?scid=11892136&amp;scd=s1.quazoo.com&amp;fItemID=2441547&amp;fditem=s5.quazoo.com&amp;flink=true&amp;ItemSlideshow\" >The American who Saved 250,000 Greeks from Death in Smyrna During the Final Days of the Genocide, by Lou Ureneck \u2013 April 25, 2015 \u2013 The PAPPAS POST<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Great Fire of Smyrna:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.greece.org\/Genocide\/smyrna1922.htm\" >THE GENOCIDE OF THE EASTERN CHRISTIANS OF THE CITY OF SMYRNA IN 1922, by Professor M.H.Dobkin<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/1453istanbul1453.wordpress.com\/about\/the-ottoman-empire-1453-1923\/the-great-fire-of-izmir-smyrna-1922\/\" >THE GREAT FIRE OF IZMIR (SMYRNA) 1922 \u2013 WordPress.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/platos-academy.com\/the-great-fire-of-smyrna\/\" >Great Fire of Smyrna \u2013 Platos-Academy.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/greece.greekreporter.com\/2014\/09\/12\/remembering-the-great-fire-of-smyrna\/\" >Remembering The Great Fire of Smyrna \u2013 Greek Greece Reporter<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.oswego.edu\/~baloglou\/anatolia\/smyrna.html\" >A brief look at the Smyrna fire (September 1922) \u2013 OSWEGO.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1914\u00a0 <\/strong>World War I: The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/First_Battle_of_the_Aisne\" >Battle of Aisne<\/a> begins between Germany and France.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1914\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_I\" >World War I<\/a>: South African troops open hostilities in German south-west Africa (<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Namibia\" >Namibia<\/a>) with an assault on the Ramansdrift <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Police_station\" >police station<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1906\u00a0 <\/strong>First flight of a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fixed-wing_aircraft\" >fixed-wing aircraft<\/a> in Europe.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1900\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Filipino_people\" >Filipino<\/a> resistance fighters defeat a small American <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Column_%28formation%29\" >column<\/a> in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Pulang_Lupa\" >Battle of Pulang Lupa<\/a>, during the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Philippine%E2%80%93American_War\" >Philippine\u2013American War<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1899\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Halford_Mackinder\" >Mackinder<\/a>, Ollier and Brocherel make the first ascent of Batian (5,199 m \u2013 17,058\u00a0ft), the highest peak of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mount_Kenya\" >Mount Kenya<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1882\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anglo-Egyptian_War_%281882%29\" >Anglo-Egyptian War<\/a>: The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Tel_el-Kebir\" >Battle of Tel el-Kebir<\/a> is fought.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1847\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mexican%E2%80%93American_War\" >Mexican\u2013American War<\/a>: Six teenage military <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cadet\" >cadets<\/a> known as <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ni%C3%B1os_H%C3%A9roes\" >Ni\u00f1os H\u00e9roes<\/a> die defending <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chapultepec_Castle\" >Chapultepec Castle<\/a> in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Chapultepec\" >Battle of Chapultepec<\/a>. American troops under General <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Winfield_Scott\" >Winfield Scott<\/a> capture Mexico City in the Mexican\u2013American War.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1843\u00a0 <\/strong>The Greek Army <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/3_September_1843_Revolution\" >rebels<\/a> (<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates\" >OS date<\/a>: September 3) against the autocratic rule of king <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Otto_of_Greece\" >Otto of Greece<\/a>, demanding the granting of a constitution.<\/p>\n<p><strong>______________________________<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Satoshi Ashikaga, having worked as researcher, development program\/project officer, legal protection\/humanitarian assistance officer, human rights monitor-negotiator, managing-editor, and more, prefers a peaceful and prudent life, especially that in communion with nature.\u00a0 His previous work experiences, including those in war zones and war-torn zones, remind him of the invaluableness of peace.\u00a0 His interest and\/or expertise includes international affairs, international law, jurisprudence, economic and business affairs, project\/operations or organizational management, geography, history, the environmental\/ecological issues, audio\/visual documentation of nature and culture, and more. Being a member of the <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/\" ><em>TRANSCEND Network for Peace, Development and Environment<\/em><\/a><em>, he is currently compiling <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/category\/history\/\" >This Week in History<\/a> <em>on <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/\" >TMS<\/a><em>.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>(<em>Sources and references:<\/em><\/strong><em> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/September_7\" >https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/September_7<\/a> to _13; <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.onthisday.com\/day\/september\/7\" >http:\/\/www.onthisday.com\/day\/september\/7<\/a> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0to august\/30; <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brainyhistory.com\/days\/september_7.html\" >http:\/\/www.brainyhistory.com\/days\/september_7.html<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0 to _13.html; and other pertinent websites and\/or documents, mentioned above.<\/em><strong>)<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><em>The views expressed in the cited or quoted websites and\/or documents in this article do not necessarily reflect those of the author of this article. These websites and\/or documents are cited or quoted for academic or educational purposes. Neither the author of this article nor the Transcend Media Service (TMS) is responsible for the contents, information, or whatsoever contained in these websites and\/or documents.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>One of the primary purposes of this article is to provide the readers with opportunities to think about \u201cpeace\u201d, including positive peace and negative peace as well as external\/outer peace and internal\/inner peace, and more, directly or indirectly, from various angles and\/or in the broadest sense, through historical events. It is because this article is prepared specifically for the TMS whose main objective is to address \u201cpeace\u201d through peace journalism.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sep 7-13 &#8211; QUOTE OF THE WEEK: \u201cLet us not pray to be sheltered from dangers but to be fearless when facing them.\u201d &#8211; Rabindranath Tagore<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[148],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-63381","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-history"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63381","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=63381"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63381\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=63381"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=63381"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=63381"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}