{"id":72470,"date":"2016-04-25T12:00:47","date_gmt":"2016-04-25T11:00:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/?p=72470"},"modified":"2016-04-22T15:01:51","modified_gmt":"2016-04-22T14:01:51","slug":"catching-up-with-cynthia-mckinney-and-looking-worriedly-ahead","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2016\/04\/catching-up-with-cynthia-mckinney-and-looking-worriedly-ahead\/","title":{"rendered":"Catching-Up with Cynthia McKinney\u2026 And Looking (Worriedly) Ahead"},"content":{"rendered":"

I had the good fortune to hear Cynthia McKinney speak at an anti-war conference at Georgetown University in Washington, DC in 2009. There were 5 or 6 notable speakers. All were good, even inspiring. Former US Congresswoman Cynthia McKinney was, for me, the most inspiring, informative, exciting. I told her then that I would like to interview her. Our paths did not cross again until 3 years later when we sat down and spoke about Libya and Qaddaffi, the 9\/11 Truth Movement, the \u201cIsraelization of US policy,\u201d the \u201ccriminality of war,\u201d the Occupy Movement, \u201careas of commonality\u201d (between Libertarians and Greens, for example), Foucault\u2019s ideas about \u201cbreaking out of powerlessness\u201d and old paradigms, a \u201cmoral center,\u201d bravery, and \u201clove for humanity\u201d (See: http:\/\/www.activistpost.com\/2012\/02\/cynthia-mckinney-tells-it-like-it-is.html<\/a>, etc.). Oddly, I felt I had barely \u201cscratched the surface\u201d of this complex and amazing person\u2014the first African-American woman elected to the US Congress from the state of Georgia!\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

A couple of years later, I hoped for another interview with Cynthia. I was emailed an enthusiastic \u201cyes\u201d from her, but informed that she was in a Ph.D. program and a second interview would have to wait until after she submitted her dissertation. Well, \u201cway leads on to way,\u201d as Robert Frost tells us and our paths diverged again. <\/em><\/p>\n

Recently, I found myself back in Atlanta and queried about an interview once more, wanting to \u201ccatch up\u201d on so much now: What of her recent return to academia?\u00a0\u00a0 What could she say about the Theater-of-the-Absurd (and Vulgar) US \u201cpresidential\u201d campaigns? Again, an enthusiastic response; but this time I learned that peripatetic world-citizen Cynthia was then in Asia! <\/em><\/p>\n

Well, hell, we\u2019ve got emails, don\u2019t we? Let\u2019s just have an exchange of views for a couple of weeks; kind of like writing in a journal\u2014when you fully intend to share your journal with others! Cynthia sent me a couple of handsful of her recent posts (https:\/\/www.rt.com\/search\/?q=McKinney<\/a>). (A rich banquet which I am still digesting.)\u00a0 And in March, 2016, we wove the following together.<\/em><\/p>\n

**\"Cynthia<\/a><\/p>\n

GC: <\/strong>Hello, Cynthia\u2026. Will this format work for you? Could we begin with a little fill-in about your recent academic experiences? And then let things evolve?<\/p>\n

CM:<\/strong> Well, Gary, it’s certainly good to catch up with you! Much has changed since the last time we met!\u00a0 One, I’m done with my Ph.D., writing my dissertation on Hugo Chavez, race, Parrhesia, and Transformational Leadership\u2026.<\/p>\n

GC: <\/strong>\u201cParrhesia\u201d?<\/p>\n

CM: <\/strong>Writing that paper helped me familiarize myself with the politics of the Americas in a more profound way.\u00a0 My professors at Antioch U. encouraged me to explore uncharted territory.\u00a0 I learned new navigational tools.\u00a0 I feel more empowered to join with those who struggle–in the various languages of Latin America–to protect their sovereignty.\u00a0 I am grateful to Drs. Peter Dale Scott, Al Guskin, Joseph Jordan, and others\u2026.<\/p>\n

My personal struggle to get this done exposes everything wrong with education in the U.S., where we bomb countries of color that offer free education!\u00a0\u00a0I don’t understand Americans\u2019 loyalty to political parties that have sold them out!<\/p>\n

I have begun to ask myself the extent to which US voters actually want the wars and dispossessory policies that put people like me and students in search of knowledge into such blood-sucking debt!\u00a0 The note for my student loan is more than my house note!<\/p>\n

U.S. policy is to deny education to its own people and then go around the world vacuuming up the brains that ought to be helping other countries to advance.\u00a0 The U.S. hires brains like it hires mercenaries to destroy whole countries!\u00a0 I\u2019m no longer comfortable making excuses for US \u201ccitizens.\u201d If they don’t know what’s going on with their tax dollars\u2026 well, they should<\/em> know!<\/p>\n

All of the destabilizations, the war crimes, the torture, the crimes against humanity; the lies, the deceit–the misery brought upon others because of U.S. policy!\u00a0 I’m embarrassed<\/em>\u2026, and I’m embarrassed by\u2026whatever the attribute is of the people that allows this to continue!<\/p>\n

GC:<\/strong> Let it never be said that you mince your words!<\/p>\n

\u201cEmbarrassment.\u201d Yeah, I\u2019ve been thinking recently, as I watch our surreal political campaigns, the vulgarities, egocentrism, misinformation, appeals to the lowest common denominator\u2014that I\u2019m truly \u201cembarrassed\u201d about this American Empire!<\/p>\n

I\u2019m very glad we\u2019ve begun our dialogue with a discussion of \u201ceducation.\u201d I\u2019ve often thought that is at the heart of our problems.<\/p>\n

When I taught in a high school, decades ago, I’d open my first classes by writing the word, “education,” and then the Latin root, “educare<\/em>,\u201d on the blackboard (hard to believe there were blackboards and chalk and\u00a0chalky erasers way back then!).\u00a0 “Educare<\/em>“–to lead.\u00a0 From “ex<\/em>” & “ducare<\/em>“\u2014\u201cto lead out.\u201d<\/p>\n

But\u2026 to lead where? To lead out of what?\u00a0 How\u00a0<\/em>to lead?<\/p>\n

You ask those very questions.<\/p>\n

Also, I\u2019ve thought recently, that it has become commonplace for Progressives\/the Left to complain about the US media\u2014how biased it is, how distorted. Really, I believe we need to think about education and our media as the same thing. (The \u201cArts,\u201d too, are an essential part of this system of control!) Instead of expanding our world, connecting us to all kinds of ideas and people, we are constantly restricted, shrunken.<\/p>\n

Orwell is famous for his formulation: \u201cWar is Peace. Freedom is Slavery. Ignorance is Strength.\u201d My own favorite Orwellianism is this: \u201cWhoever controls the information, controls the imagination.\u201d<\/p>\n

In so many ways, we\u2019ve lost control of \u201cinformation\u201d! It comes at us through \u201ceducation\u201d or \u201cIT\u2014Information Technology\u201d or the Arts. And thereby, we\u2019ve lost control of our ability to imagine a different world, a humane and balanced one<\/em>\u2026.<\/p>\n

Well, you got me going now!\u00a0 We\u2019ll intertwine ideas as we progress\u2014having a real dialogue. I want to hear more about your dissertation on Chavez, \u201cTransformational Leadership,\u201d etc.<\/p>\n

Also\u2026, would you kindly save me and our readers a trip to Google? What do you mean by \u201cParrhesia\u201d?<\/p>\n

CM: <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cWar is Peace. Freedom is Slavery. Ignorance is Strength.\u201d<\/em>
\n\u201cWhoever controls the information, controls the imagination.\u201d <\/em>
\n— George Orwell<\/p>\n

Wow!\u00a0 You know, I need to re-read Orwell and Huxley!\u00a0 They both were so spot-on!\u00a0 I have three most favorite films of all time: \u00a0\u201cFahrenheit 451,\u201d \u201cSoylent Green,\u201d and \u201cInvasion of the Body Snatchers.\u201d\u00a0 I can look at those movies over and over and never tire of them!<\/p>\n

GC: <\/strong>Yes, \u201cSoylent Green\u201d (Charlton Heston, Edward G. Robinson–and we all turn into green food-mush!).\u00a0 \u201cBody Snatchers\u201d–first saw it when I was about 13.\u00a0 Could never look at a coconut quite the same way!\u00a0 \u201cFahrenheit 451\u201d\u2014based on the Ray Bradbury masterpiece: Oskar Werner & Julie Christie in the movie. And the common theme in all of them\u2014the way humans prey on each other; use one another; deceive and devour\u2026.<\/p>\n

CM: <\/strong>Well, to get to your question: \u201cParrhesia\u201d is a type of leadership that involves a special type of speech–it is a leadership that has the authority to speak and that uses that authority to speak what we would call “truth to power” and that does so despite the imminent and immanet risk posed to the speaker. Foucault explains Parrhesia in a lecture that he gave at the University of California at Berkeley and it is in that sense that I use the word.<\/p>\n

Now, the interesting thing is that the protagonists of \u201cInvasion of the Body Snatchers\u201d and \u201cFahrenheit 451\u201d are willing to risk danger in order to speak truth to power\u2026 and so\u2026 are an example, kind of, of Parrhesia.\u00a0 In my dissertation, I wrote about Hugo Chavez as someone who was a master of Parrhesia.\u00a0 Chavez’s leadership will be synonymous with the speech that he gave at the United Nations when he called President George W. Bush a devil. “I can still smell the sulfur,” he said at the podium, right after Bush had spoken there! Parrhesiastes usually don’t live very long.\u00a0 But we hear their words and see their actions forever.<\/p>\n

GC: <\/strong>Martin Luther King\u2026. Malcolm X\u2026. John F. Kennedy\u2014when he spoke about ripping the C.I.A. to shreds\u2014after their \u201cBay of Pigs\u201d fiasco!<\/p>\n

CM: <\/strong>Yeah\u2026 too many!<\/p>\n

In my dissertation, I place Chavez in the context of a national leader in the Americas who dares to express his differences with neoliberalism and the so-called \u201cWashington Consensus.\u201d\u00a0 The evidence that his speech was “to power” and at the same time very risky comes from information I found in WikiLeaks, as well as the US history of intolerance toward such leaders–as exposed in the COINTELPRO Papers, Senator Frank Church’s Intelligence Investigations Reports, declassified information available in State Department historical volumes, declassified reports of U.S. activity in \u201cOperation Condor,\u201d \u201cOperation Gladio,\u201d \u201cOperation Northwoods\u201d; as well as whistleblower interviews that I conducted specifically about US governmental attitudes toward Chavez’s Bolivarian Revolution.\u00a0 I wanted my dissertation to be a one-stop shop for all of the current information about this type of covert US activity.<\/p>\n

GC: <\/strong>And, \u201cTransformational Leadership\u201d?<\/p>\n

CM: <\/strong>That\u2019s the kind of leadership that professes values that James MacGregor Burns calls \u201cend values\u201d: liberty, dignity, justice, peace!\u00a0 In my dissertation, I conclude that Chavez is not only a Parrhesiastes, but also a Transformational Leader!\u00a0 And the evidence that I provide comes from the very real policy achievements of the Bolivarian Revolution, as well as from interviews with Venezuelans, Africans in the Diaspora–mainly the Caribbean–and scholars and journalists.<\/p>\n

Interestingly, what I uncovered from WikiLeaks is that the U.S. was particularly worried about the relationship between Qaddafi and Chavez.\u00a0 Through the Africa-South America Summit process, those leaders sought to integrate their respective continents (and the Caribbean countries) in the spirit of South-South economic cooperation and racial and cultural harmony.\u00a0 We now know from Hillary Clinton’s e-mails and the former Chairman of the Presidential Election Commission in Haiti that Jude Celestin, in 2010, was fraudulently denied the opportunity to become President of Haiti by Secretary of State Clinton, who claimed that Celestin was “too close to Chavez.” \u00a0Now, because of the work of Secretary Clinton on behalf of President Obama, those who objected to Chavez’s and Qaddafi’s assertion of sovereignty for Venezuela and Libya\u2014because of their \u201cParrhesia\u201d\u2014those who objected will no longer have to worry because both of those leaders are now dead!<\/p>\n

The people of the U.S. have a lot to atone for.\u00a0 On my Facebook page, when the State Department admitted in December 2014–that yes, President Eisenhower had approved the murder of Patrice Lumumba and the CIA had set aside $100,000 to accomplish the dirty deed, I asked the people on my page how we could make up for that and also repair the damage that the U.S. did to the Lumumba family.\u00a0 I was shocked when most respondents claimed that they bore no responsibility for what the US government had done then–or does now!\u00a0 I was stunned that people could so easily slip out of responsibility!<\/p>\n

GC: <\/strong>I remember, when I was a child, seeing a movie newsreel of Lumumba\u2019s murder. I was shocked! On the 50th<\/sup> anniversary of his murder\u20145 years ago–the UK\u2019s Guardian <\/em>newspaper\u2014called the CIA assassination of Lumumba \u201cthe most important assassination of the 20th<\/sup> Century.\u201d It is certainly a tragic event that changed the course of modern history; something about which our Empire\u2019s \u201ccitizens\u201d should know much more!<\/p>\n

CM: <\/strong>In fact, according to a recent study, Whites are now dying prematurely and a lot of the angst being felt in the 2016 election is a result of the fact that the genocide and human trafficking that White males\u2019 ancestors engaged in\u2014with which they never came to terms, even to this day with the descendants of the victims–, well, now, the country that they built is no longer theirs and their supremacy has been displaced and now they are treated just like they treated us!<\/p>\n

Yes, I know it’s harsh, but it’s the truth!\u00a0 So, until we can deal with these truths, the U.S. will continue its decline, even as the snake-pit thrives.\u00a0 And that’s because we will all be easily pitted against each other rather than turning to each other for help, solace, and liberation.\u00a0 The U.S. is kind of like a husband and wife who are now at each others\u2019 throats.\u00a0 Either we will divorce and go our separate ways or we will work together to salvage our relationship.\u00a0 I would like for the people of the U.S. to acknowledge the past–as painful as it is–and then move forward together in an even stronger relationship!\u00a0 My parents were married for over 50 years\u2026.<\/p>\n

Now, why are we at each \u00a0others’ throats?\u00a0 Because as long as we’re fighting each other over really unnecessary things, the big criminals paraded before us on television as our “leaders” never get justice!\u00a0 Nor the ones lurking in the shadows, directing the so-called leaders, depositing their ill-gotten gains in burgeoning bank accounts.\u00a0 The U.S. is being stripped to the bone.\u00a0 Everything the U.S. used to be is being erased.\u00a0 We can’t even educate our citizens any more because the relationship between teacher and student–between professor and students–is mediated by the Chamber of Commerce and bankers.\u00a0 We’re sicker because the relationship between the doctor and the patient is mediated by insurance companies, pharmaceutical companies, and profit-seeking corporations.\u00a0 Our infrastructure is falling apart because the relationship between the elected official and the voter is mediated by corporations looking for an easy buck from the government while paying no taxes.\u00a0 And, just as bad, homeless families have their tents bulldozed to make way for stadiums that billionaires are given tax breaks to build!\u00a0 When will it stop?\u00a0 It won’t stop!\u00a0 That’s why Whites have joined everyone else in the U.S. with premature deaths.\u00a0 This situation is stressful!\u00a0 And while we’re stressed to the max here, US bombs are destroying whole countries in Africa and Asia.\u00a0 And that carnage will not stop, will only expand–to more and more countries.\u00a0 That’s what President Obama’s “Pivot to Asia” is all about!<\/p>\n

GC:\u00a0<\/strong>Oh, Jeez, we need you back in the US Congress! We need you making a speech, or giving a talk–an analysis–like the one above! Yes, all the interlopers, all the \u201cmediators,\u201d as you say, standing between the people and their \u201celected\u201d officials! Not only in politics! But the \u201cmediators\u201d or \u201cadministrators\u201d standing between students and their professors! Or, the \u201cmediators\u201d\u2014the pundits\u2014between the people and true journalists! How can we call ourselves a \u201cdemocracy\u201d when the people have so little, or no, control?<\/p>\n

I even heard Mike Huckabee recently talking about the \u201cdonor class\u201d\u2014the wealthy donors now encouraging the anti-Trump movement in the Republican party, and how the Republican politicians have become so comfortable with their relationships with their \u201cdonors\u201d (\u201cmediators\u201d!) that they fear Trump will upset their cozy relationships\u2026 and so they promote the \u201cAnyone but Trump!\u201d movement. (Even Hillary would be preferable for them!)<\/p>\n

Well, I don\u2019t support Trump, and I don\u2019t support Hillary! If Bernie Sanders were ten years younger, he might have a chance. Of course, to a lesser extent, he must play the game, too. Every American politician must give obeisance to Israel\u2014Israeli policies\u2014if he or she wants to have a ghost of a chance of being heard! If he or she were to embrace \u201cParrhesia\u201d\u2014well, he or she might very well meet with Chavez\u2019s or Qaddafi\u2019s fate!<\/p>\n

It\u2019s obvious from what you\u2019ve written above that you\u2019re not very fond of Hillary Clinton! I\u2019d be remiss, in this political silly-season, not to expand on that. To tell you the truth, I\u2019ve been amazed to see the support she has garnered in the Black communities! I don\u2019t think she\u2019d be so far ahead of Sanders, I don\u2019t think she\u2019d have a real chance at the nomination, were it not for Black support!<\/p>\n

There are, of course, the talking Black heads on Fox, MSNBC, etc., but Jeez!, do we even need Morgan Freeman articulating his praises in that rich, resonant voice of his? Except for Cornell West and Glen Ford, I have not heard, or heard of, any Black leader speaking against Hillary\u2014or, for that matter, Obama! You\u2019ve been eloquent about Whites\u2019 failures to address their past and continuing racism\u2014even \u201cgenocide.\u201d Could you share your views on \u201cleadership\u201d conundrums in the Black community?<\/p>\n

Obviously, we all need to be better informed–but HOW?\u00a0 I often think that the “average” person–White, Black, Brown, Asian, et. al.,\u00a0is overwhelmed living his\/her “normal” life, and distracted in a thousand ways: with “entertainment,” or “religion,” or “sports,” etc.\u00a0 How to break through?\u00a0 How to organize?\u00a0 Do you feel the “message” that we are already in a global crisis–in terms of the environment, the wars, population growth, domestic violence, racism and xenophobia, pandemics, etc.–is that message getting through?<\/p>\n

CM: <\/strong>My latest on the Hillary Clinton campaign is one for RT <\/em>[Russia Today] entitled, “Loose Lugs Lose Elections,” in which I describe all of the outstanding scandals\/policy failures, etc. that lay in Secretary Clinton’s wake.\u00a0 I describe the situation as one in which the Clinton campaign car already has five loose lugs and one more loose lug will have the car careening off the street.\u00a0 Let’s see what happens between my writing this and its publication!<\/p>\n

But, yes, I do want to address your questions\u2026.<\/p>\n

Frankly, I don’t know what kind of women want for their President so<\/p>\n

meone who doesn’t hesitate to set the stage for the wholesale murder of men, women, and children!\u00a0 My feeling is that Hillary is a hired gun, a mercenary, who needs the approbation of significant others, and who will do anything to get it–including destroying whole countries.\u00a0 But, you know, people like that, who portray themselves as leaders, but who are really only the worst kind of sycophant, command no respect from the people they lure to become their followers.\u00a0 Everything is a transaction.\u00a0 And so, they too, become dispensable when the next better deal comes along.\u00a0 That’s Barack Obama in 2008; could be Bernie Sanders in 2016.\u00a0 We shall see.<\/p>\n

I think it’s outrageous that Black voters would be the deciding factor in support of Hillary Clinton’s limp campaign.\u00a0 It just shows how bought-out and sold-out the Black political class has become.\u00a0 After Haiti, Libya, Benghazi, Syria, and Cote D’Ivoire before that.\u00a0 Honduras even before that.\u00a0 And, that’s just on U.S. foreign policy alone.\u00a0 A continuation of the Obama policies at home will devastate Black America even further.\u00a0 I watched a CNN interview of Black voters that took place just before the South Carolina primary.\u00a0 I was saddened to see such lack of information.\u00a0 Such parroting of mainstream media memes.\u00a0 If all you know is what you’ve been told by CNN, MSNBC, and the lot of them, I’m very sad to say, you “know” nothing.\u00a0 We really have reached the point of 1984:<\/u> “Ignorance is strength.”<\/p>\n

I have one question for the voters of the U.S.: \u00a0Are you better off today than you were eight years ago?<\/p>\n

I daresay I know the answer!<\/p>\n

Western European capitalism brought the world colonialism, its attendant genocide, and the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade.\u00a0 Yes, Thomas Piketty explains the corrosive nature of capitalism on society and neoliberalism is capitalism on steroids.\u00a0 James Wolfensohn, in an extremely important speech at the Stanford Graduate Business School, stated that the organizations of the world (IMF, World Bank, UN) were created with the extant corrosion of global apartheid in mind.\u00a0 Certain countries enjoyed unearned privilege and the great struggle today is for some to displace that privilege while others fight to hold onto it.\u00a0 Venezuela, Brazil, Libya–all must be seen in this light.\u00a0 The U.S. military is being used to protect and extend somebody’s privilege.\u00a0 But does that privilege extend to average U.S. citizens? The answer is no.<\/p>\n

Now, more and more U.S. citizens get it, but there are still so many who are walking around in a daze.\u00a0 The matrix is real and you and I, we’ve taken the red pill, but so many are still high on the blue pill.\u00a0 Otherwise, there should have been a rebellion by now.\u00a0 In fact, it was George Herbert Walker Bush who reportedly said to Texas journalist Sarah McLendon, in response to a question about Iran-Contra, “Sarah, if the American people ever find out what we have done, they would chase us down the street and lynch us.” Whether this anecdote is a fable or really happened, it most certainly is true.\u00a0 And I’ve done my part to help the American people know what they have done.<\/p>\n

I’ve had the book thrown at me; either you learn from such experiences or you rot.\u00a0 So, thank goodness, I chose to learn.\u00a0 Therefore, I look at what is happening at Trump rallies, and I can honestly say that I’ve been there, too.\u00a0 The forces allied against me orchestrated a riot on election day at my headquarters!!!!!\u00a0 It was so painful to watch!\u00a0 It was then that the degree of PhD in political chicanery was conferred upon me!\u00a0 Therefore, with reference to Trump, I know it when I see it.\u00a0 That was a pure case of campaign dirty tricks.\u00a0 The orchestrators can congratulate themselves on a job well done, but they won’t be able to put a dent in Trump’s appeal using those methods that at least one person can see through.<\/p>\n

I studied Security Studies for my Master’s Degree.\u00a0 I know about “Asymmetric Warfare.” \u00a0That’s what COINTELPRO was: destroying people’s marriages and such.\u00a0 That’s what “Arab Spring” was; and the people who did it, will not hesitate to create an “American Spring.”<\/p>\n

GC: <\/strong>Hi Cynthia,<\/p>\n

Very glad to find your latest response in\u00a0my Inbox today!\u00a0 And, even happier after reading thru this once.<\/p>\n

I think it’s perfect as is.\u00a0 You raise questions, answer what you can, provoke, and, like my favorite journalists\/writers, contextualize brilliantly.<\/p>\n

My aim was to create a format allowing for something perdurable. A continuing reference point. You have done that.<\/p>\n

Thank you for all that you\u2019ve done, are doing, and will do.<\/p>\n

___________________________________<\/p>\n

Gary S. Corseri <\/em>has published interviews, reviews, articles, fiction and poems at hundreds of periodicals and websites worldwide, including, <\/em>The New York Times, Village Voice, Redbook Magazine and<\/em> Georgia Review.\u00a0 He has performed his poetry at the Carter Presidential Library, and his dramas have appeared on <\/em>PBS-Atlanta and elsewhere. He has published 2 novels, 2 collections of poetry, and a literary anthology (edited). He has taught in US public schools and prisons, and in US and Japanese universities. Contact: gary_corseri@comast.net<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Cynthia McKinney<\/em>\u00a0<\/em>is an American politician and activist. As a member of the Democratic Party, she served six terms in the\u00a0United States House of Representatives. In\u00a02008, the Green Party of the United States nominated McKinney for President of the United States. She was the first black woman to represent Georgia in the House. \u00a0McKinney served as a Commissioner in The Citiens\u2019 Commission on 9-11\u2026. In Congress, she advocated unsealing records pertaining to the CIA’s role in\u00a0the assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr., and introduced articles of impeachment against President Bush, Vice President\u00a0Dick Cheney, and Secretary of State\u00a0Condoleeza Rice. <\/em>(From Wikipedia)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u201cParrhesia\u201d is a type of leadership that involves a special type of speech–it is a leadership that has the authority to speak and that uses that authority to speak what we would call “truth to power” and that does so despite the imminent and immanent risk posed to the speaker. Foucault explains Parrhesia in a lecture that he gave at the University of California at Berkeley and it is in that sense that I use the word. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[166],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-72470","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-interview"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/72470","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=72470"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/72470\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=72470"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=72470"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=72470"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}