{"id":79516,"date":"2016-10-10T12:00:29","date_gmt":"2016-10-10T11:00:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/?p=79516"},"modified":"2016-09-14T19:13:45","modified_gmt":"2016-09-14T18:13:45","slug":"this-week-in-history-99","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2016\/10\/this-week-in-history-99\/","title":{"rendered":"This Week in History"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/TWH-logo.jpeg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-62806\" src=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/TWH-logo-300x166.jpeg\" alt=\"TWH logo history\" width=\"500\" height=\"276\" \/><\/a>Oct 10-16<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>QUOTE OF THE WEEK:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.boardofwisdom.com\/togo\/Quotes\/ShowQuote\/?msgid=206610\" >\u201cFaith allows things to happen.\u00a0 It is the power that comes from a fearless heart.\u00a0 And when a fearless heart believes, miracles happen.\u201d<\/a><\/em> &#8211; Unknown<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>OCTOBER 10<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Today is the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_Mental_Health_Day\" >WORLD MENTAL HEALTH DAY<\/a>:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>2010\u00a0 <\/strong>Cable channel <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Hub_%28TV_channel%29\" >The Hub<\/a> made its debut in the United States.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2010\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Netherlands_Antilles\" >Netherlands Antilles<\/a> are dissolved as a country.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2009\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Armenia\" >Armenia<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Turkey\" >Turkey<\/a> sign protocols in Zurich, Switzerland to open their borders.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2008\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2008_Orakzai_bombing\" >2008 Orakzai bombing<\/a> kills 110 and injures 200 more.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1998\u00a0 <\/strong>A <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lignes_A%C3%A9riennes_Congolaises\" >Lignes A\u00e9riennes Congolaises<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Boeing_727\" >Boeing 727<\/a> is <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1998_Lignes_A%C3%A9riennes_Congolaises_crash\" >shot down<\/a> by rebels in Kindu, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo\" >Democratic Republic of the Congo<\/a>, killing 41 people.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1986\u00a0 <\/strong>An earthquake measuring 7.5 on the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Richter_scale\" >Richter scale<\/a> strikes <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/San_Salvador\" >San Salvador<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/El_Salvador\" >El Salvador<\/a>, killing an estimated 1,500 people.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1985\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States_Navy\" >United States Navy<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Grumman_F-14_Tomcat\" >F-14<\/a> fighter jets intercept an <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Egypt\" >Egyptian<\/a> plane carrying the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Hijacking\" >hijackers<\/a> of the <em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/MS_Achille_Lauro\" >Achille Lauro<\/a><\/em> cruise ship, and force it to land at a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/NATO\" >NATO<\/a> base in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sigonella\" >Sigonella<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sicily\" >Sicily<\/a> where they are arrested.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1980\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/FMLN\" >FMLN<\/a> was founded in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/El_Salvador\" >El Salvador<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1980\u00a0 <\/strong>A magnitude 7.3 <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1980_El_Asnam_earthquake\" >earthquake<\/a> occurs in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Algeria\" >Algerian<\/a> town of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chlef\" >El Asnam<\/a>. Around 3,500 die and 300,000 are left homeless.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1975\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Papua_New_Guinea\" >Papua New Guinea<\/a> joins the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Nations\" >United Nations<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1970\u00a0 <\/strong>In <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Montreal\" >Montreal<\/a>, a national crisis hits Canada when <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Quebec\" >Quebec<\/a> Vice-Premier and Minister of Labour <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pierre_Laporte\" >Pierre Laporte<\/a> becomes the second statesman kidnapped by members of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/FLQ\" >FLQ<\/a> terrorist group.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1970\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fiji\" >Fiji<\/a> becomes independent.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Fiji:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.fiji.gov.fj\/\" >Fijian Government \u2013 Official Site<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/geos\/fj.html\" >Fiji \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.un.org\/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=Fiji\" >Fiji \u2013 Data \u2013 UN Data<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Fiji-republic-Pacific-Ocean\" >Fiji \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/fiji.html\" >Fiji \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-asia-pacific-14919067\" >Fiji country profile \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Foreign Relations of Fiji:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_Fiji\" >Foreign relations of Fiji \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.foreignaffairs.gov.fj\/\" >Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Fiji<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.fijitimes.com\/story.aspx?id=302062\" >Foreign Policy, by Nasik Swami \u2013 Wednesday, April 15, 2015 \u2013 The Fiji Times Online<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nationsencyclopedia.com\/World-Leaders-2003\/Fiji-FOREIGN-POLICY.html\" >Fiji \u2013 Foreign Policy \u2013 NationsEncyclopedia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/r\/pa\/ei\/bgn\/1834.htm\" >US Relations with Fiji \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of Fiji:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Fiji\" >History of Fiji \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/fiji-history.html\" >Fiji \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fijihighcommission.org.uk\/about_1.html\" >About Fiji \u2013 History \u2013 Fiji High Commission<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.destination360.com\/australia-south-pacific\/fiji\/history\" >Fiji History \u2013 Destination 360<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fijiguide.com\/page\/history-1\" >Fiji Guide \u2013 History \u2013 FijiGujide.co<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/fiji\/history\" >Fiji \u2013 History \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.goway.com\/travel-information\/australia-south-pacific\/fiji\/history\/\" >Fiji \u2013 History \u2013 GoWay.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-asia-pacific-14919688\" >Fiji country profile \u2013 timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Economy of Fiji:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_Fiji\" >Economy of Fiji \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/fiji-economy.html\" >Fiji \u2013 Economy \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.go-fiji.com\/economy.html\" >Fiji Economy \u2013 Go-Fiji.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/fiji\" >Fiji \u2013 The Heritage Foundation<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.adb.org\/countries\/fiji\/economy\" >Fiji: ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/finances.worldbank.org\/countries\/Fiji\" >Fiji \u2013 Country Summary \u2013 THE WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/fiji\" >Fiji \u2013 Data \u2013 THE WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1968<\/strong><strong>\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-united-states-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >US performs nuclear test<\/a> (underground) at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nevada_Test_Site\" >Nevada Test Site<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Operation Bowline:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Operation_Bowline\" >Operation Bowline &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>US Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_United_States\" >List of the nuclear weapons tests of the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nuclear_weapons_and_the_United_States\" >Nuclear Weapons and the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.atomcentral.com\/the-cold-war.aspx\" >The Cold War \u2013 AtomCentral.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Nuclear Weapons and the United States:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nuclear_weapons_and_the_United_States\" >Nuclear Weapons and the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/us\/2014\/231697.htm\" >Nuclear Weapons Testing: History, Progress, Challenges: Verifications and Entry into Force of the CTBT \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/avc\/rls\/202015.htm\" >US Nuclear Weapons Stockpile Life Extension Programs \u2013 January 3, 2013 \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/research\/articles\/2014\/04\/28-50-nuclear-facts\" >50 Facts About US Nuclear Weapons Today \u2013 April 28, 2014 \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/research\/lecture\/2012\/08\/the-future-of-the-us-nuclear-triad\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Program, by Michaela Dodge \u2013 The Heritage Foundation<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.armscontrol.org\/act\/1997_05\/nas\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Policy \u2013 Arms Control Association<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252183576_The_Future_of_the_U.S._Nuclear_Weapons_Program\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Program, by Linton F. Brooks \u2013 ResearchGate.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/us\/2014\/233254.htm\" >US Nuclear Weapons Policy in the 21<sup>st<\/sup> Century \u2013 Rose Gottemoeller, Under Secretary\u00a0for Arms Control and International Security, \u00a0Dixie State University, St. George, Utah \u2013 October 21, 2014 \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Nevada Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fas.org\/nuke\/guide\/usa\/facility\/nts.htm\" >NEVADA TEST SITE \u2013 FAS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/wmd\/facility\/nts.htm\" >NEVADA TEST SITE \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.onlinenevada.org\/articles\/nevada-test-site-overview\" >Nevada Test Site Overview \u2013 OnlineNevada.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/about\/projects\/archive\/nucweapons\/nts\" >Nuclear testing at the Nevada Test Site \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/toxipedia.org\/display\/wanmec\/Nevada+Test+Site\" >Nevada Test Site \u2013 Toxipedia.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/digital.library.unlv.edu\/ntsohp\/\" >Nevada Test Site \u2013 Oral History Project<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/archure.net\/liberty\/nukenevada.html\" >NUKE TESTING in NEVADA \u2013 Archure.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nv.doe.gov\/library\/publications\/Environmental\/DOENV_11718_594.pdf\" >ECOLOGY OF THE NEVADA TEST SITE: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nevadatestsite.info\/\" >Nevada Test Site Workers Exposed to Radiation \u2013 National Cancer Benefits Center \u2013 NevadaTestSite.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/about\/projects\/archive\/nucweapons\/50\" >50 Facts About the US Nuclear Weapons \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Usa\/Tests\/\" >Gallery of US Nuclear Tests \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.acq.osd.mil\/ncbdp\/nm\/nm_book_5_11\/index.htm\" >The Nuclear Matters Handbook<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Ecological and Health Issues in and around the Nevada Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/cdclv.unlv.edu\/healthnv\/environment.html\" >Environment and the Quality of Life in Nevada \u2013 UNLV.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nv.doe.gov\/library\/publications\/Environmental\/DOENV_11718_594.pdf\" ><em>ECONLGOY OF THE NEVADA TEST SITE: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY WITH NARRATIVE SUMMARY, KEY WORD INDEX, AND SPECIES LISTS<\/em> \u2013 DOE\/NEV\/11718-594<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.osti.gov\/scitech\/biblio\/6458066\" ><em>Nevada Applied Ecology Information Center: a review of technical information support provided to the Nevada Applied Ecology Group<\/em> \u2013 Sci-Tech Connect<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/ecologycenter.org\/terrainmagazine\/summer-2002\/sovereignty-at-shoshone-mountain\/\" >\u201c<em>Between 1951 and 1992, the United States bombed its own soil with nuclear weapons \u2014 945 times. All but 17 of those explosions took place on a stretch of basin-and-range desert northwest of Las Vegas called the Nevada Test Site (NTS),\u2026<\/em>\u201d \u2013 Sovereignty at Shoshone Mountain \u2013 EcologyCenter.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.princeton.edu\/%7Eota\/disk1\/1989\/8909\/8909.PDF\" ><em>The Containment of Underground Nuclear Explosions<\/em> \u2013 Princeton.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nevadatestsite.info\/\" >Nevada Test Site Workers Exposed to Radiation \u2013 National Cancer Benefits Center<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1967\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Outer_Space_Treaty\" >Outer Space Treaty<\/a>, signed on <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/January_27\" >January 27<\/a> by more than sixty nations, comes into force.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Outer Space Treaty:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.unoosa.org\/oosa\/en\/ourwork\/spacelaw\/treaties\/introouterspacetreaty.html\" >Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies \u2013 UN.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/history.nasa.gov\/1967treaty.html\" >Outer Space Treaty of 1967 \u2013 NASA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.atomicarchive.com\/Treaties\/Treaty4.shtml\" >Outer Space Treaty of 1967 \u2013 AtomicArchive.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Outer-Space-Treaty\" >Outer Space Treaty \u2013 1967 \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/disarmament.un.org\/treaties\/t\/outer_space\" >Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestials Bodies \u2013 United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.armscontrol.org\/documents\/outerspace\" >Outer Space Treaty \u2013 Arms Control Association<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1964\u00a0 <\/strong>The opening ceremony of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1964_Summer_Olympics\" >1964 Summer Olympics<\/a> in Tokyo, Japan, is broadcast live in the first Olympic telecast relayed by geostationary communication satellite.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1963\u00a0 <\/strong>France cedes control of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bizerte\" >Bizerte<\/a> naval base to <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tunisia\" >Tunisia<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1961<\/strong><strong>\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-united-states-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >US performs nuclear test<\/a> (atmospheric) at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nevada_Test_Site\" >Nevada Test Site<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Atmospheric Nuclear Testing at the Nevada Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.onlinenevada.org\/articles\/atmospheric-nuclear-testing-nevada-test-site\" >Atmospheric Nuclear Testing at the Nevada Site \u2013 onlinenevada.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Atmospheric\/High-altitude Nuclear Explosion Testing:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/High-altitude_nuclear_explosion\" >Atmospheric nuclear explosion \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/hane.html\" >High-altitude nuclear explosions, by Wm Robert Johnston \u2013 JohnstonsArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/history-of-nuclear-testing\/types-of-nuclear-weapons-tests\/\" >\u201c<em>Atmospheric testing refers to explosions which take place in the atmosphere<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 TYPES OF NUCLEA WEAPONS TESTS \u2013 CTBTO.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/zvis.com\/nuclear\/ndb\/usnuks.shtml\" >US Atmospheric Nuclear Test Page \u2013 Nuclear Weapons \u2013 Zvis.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Atmospheric Nuclear Tests of the United States and Radioactive Fallout:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.onlinenevada.org\/articles\/atmospheric-nuclear-testing-nevada-test-site\" >Atmospheric Nuclear Testing at the Nevada Site \u2013 OnlineNevada.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.abomb1.org\/atmosphr\/index.html\" >The Years of Atmospheric Testing 1945-1963 \u2013 Trinity Atomic Web Site \u2013 Abomb1.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/hane.html\" >High-altitude nuclear explosions \u2013 JohnstonArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gpo.gov\/fdsys\/pkg\/CHRG-105shrg44045\/pdf\/CHRG-105shrg44045.pdf\" >RADIOACTIVE FALLOUT FROM NUCLEAR TESTING AT NEVADA TEST SITE, 1950-60 \u2013 GPO.gov \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.publichealth.va.gov\/epidemiology\/studies\/cancer-mortality-nuclear-weapons-tests.asp\" >Cancer Mortality at the US Nuclear Weapons Tests \u2013 US Department of Veterans Affairs \u2013 VA.gov<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fmd-inc.org\/durbin\/interest\/Atomic%20Tests\/Atmospheric%20Nuclear%20Testing.htm\" >Atmospheric Nuclear Testing and The US Navy \u2013 A BILIOGRAPHY \u2013 FMD-INC.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nceh\/radiation\/fallout\/RF-GWT_home.htm\" >Feasibility Study of Weapons Testing Fallout \u2013 CDC.gov<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.radiochemistry.org\/history\/nuke_tests\/index.shtml\" >\u201c<em>Between 16 July 1945 and 23 September 1992 the United States of America conducted (by official count) 1054 nuclear tests, and two nuclear attacks\u2026.These pages focus principally (although not exclusively) on the period from 16 July 1945 to 4 November 1962, the era of atmospheric testing<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 RADIOCHEMISTORY SOCIETY \u2013 US NUCLEAR TESTS \u2013 Info Gallery \u2013 Radiochemistry.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theatlantic.com\/photo\/2011\/05\/when-we-tested-nuclear-bombs\/100061\/\" >When We Tested Nuclear Bombs, by Alan Taylor \u2013 May 06, 2011 \u2013 TheAtlantic.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.falloutradiation.com\/files\/JohnWayne.pdf\" >US ATMOSPHERIC NUCLEAR TESTING \u2013 The Connection Between John Wayne and Radioactive Fallout, and Other Tales, by Bruce W Church \u2013 October 22, 2000 \u2013 FalloutRadiation.com \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/boingboing.net\/2015\/06\/06\/marshall-islands-sues-9-superp.html\" >Marshall Islands, site of largest-ever U.S. nuclear weapons test, sues 9 superpowers including USA \u2013 June 6, 2015 \u2013 BoingDoing.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=wA8z94MXo9M\" >YouTube video (13 min. 49 sec.): Declassified US Nuclear Test Film #55<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=R7mBVfQlIj0\" >YouTube video (14 min. 35 sec.): High-altitude Atomic Tests \u2013 Operation Dominic parts 1-2 \u2013 1962<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Nuclear Weapons and the United States:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nuclear_weapons_and_the_United_States\" >Nuclear Weapons and the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/us\/2014\/231697.htm\" >Nuclear Weapons Testing: History, Progress, Challenges: Verifications and Entry into Force of the CTBT \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/avc\/rls\/202015.htm\" >US Nuclear Weapons Stockpile Life Extension Programs \u2013 January 3, 2013 \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/research\/articles\/2014\/04\/28-50-nuclear-facts\" >50 Facts About US Nuclear Weapons Today \u2013 April 28, 2014 \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/research\/lecture\/2012\/08\/the-future-of-the-us-nuclear-triad\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Program, by Michaela Dodge \u2013 The Heritage Foundation<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.armscontrol.org\/act\/1997_05\/nas\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Policy \u2013 Arms Control Association<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252183576_The_Future_of_the_U.S._Nuclear_Weapons_Program\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Program, by Linton F. Brooks \u2013 ResearchGate.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/us\/2014\/233254.htm\" >US Nuclear Weapons Policy in the 21<sup>st<\/sup> Century \u2013 Rose Gottemoeller, Under Secretary\u00a0for Arms Control and International Security, \u00a0Dixie State University, St. George, Utah \u2013 October 21, 2014 \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>US Nuclear Tests at Nevada Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_United_States\" >List of the nuclear weapons tests of the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nuclear_weapons_and_the_United_States\" >Nuclear Weapons and the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.atomcentral.com\/the-cold-war.aspx\" >The Cold War \u2013 AtomCentral.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fas.org\/nuke\/guide\/usa\/facility\/nts.htm\" >NEVADA TEST SITE \u2013 FAS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/wmd\/facility\/nts.htm\" >NEVADA TEST SITE \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.onlinenevada.org\/articles\/nevada-test-site-overview\" >Nevada Test Site Overview \u2013 OnlineNevada.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/about\/projects\/archive\/nucweapons\/nts\" >Nuclear testing at the Nevada Test Site \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/toxipedia.org\/display\/wanmec\/Nevada+Test+Site\" >Nevada Test Site \u2013 Toxipedia.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/digital.library.unlv.edu\/ntsohp\/\" >Nevada Test Site \u2013 Oral History Project<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/archure.net\/liberty\/nukenevada.html\" >NUKE TESTING in NEVADA \u2013 Archure.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nv.doe.gov\/library\/publications\/Environmental\/DOENV_11718_594.pdf\" >ECOLOGY OF THE NEVADA TEST SITE: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nevadatestsite.info\/\" >Nevada Test Site Workers Exposed to Radiation \u2013 National Cancer Benefits Center \u2013 NevadaTestSite.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/about\/projects\/archive\/nucweapons\/50\" >50 Facts About the US Nuclear Weapons \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Usa\/Tests\/\" >Gallery of US Nuclear Tests \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.acq.osd.mil\/ncbdp\/nm\/nm_book_5_11\/index.htm\" >The Nuclear Matters Handbook<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Ecological and Health Issues in and around the Nevada Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/cdclv.unlv.edu\/healthnv\/environment.html\" >Environment and the Quality of Life in Nevada \u2013 UNLV.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nv.doe.gov\/library\/publications\/Environmental\/DOENV_11718_594.pdf\" ><em>ECONLGOY OF THE NEVADA TEST SITE: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY WITH NARRATIVE SUMMARY, KEY WORD INDEX, AND SPECIES LISTS<\/em> \u2013 DOE\/NEV\/11718-594<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.osti.gov\/scitech\/biblio\/6458066\" ><em>Nevada Applied Ecology Information Center: a review of technical information support provided to the Nevada Applied Ecology Group<\/em> \u2013 Sci-Tech Connect<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/ecologycenter.org\/terrainmagazine\/summer-2002\/sovereignty-at-shoshone-mountain\/\" >\u201c<em>Between 1951 and 1992, the United States bombed its own soil with nuclear weapons \u2014 945 times. All but 17 of those explosions took place on a stretch of basin-and-range desert northwest of Las Vegas called the Nevada Test Site (NTS),\u2026<\/em>\u201d \u2013 Sovereignty at Shoshone Mountain \u2013 EcologyCenter.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.princeton.edu\/%7Eota\/disk1\/1989\/8909\/8909.PDF\" ><em>The Containment of Underground Nuclear Explosions<\/em> \u2013 Princeton.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nevadatestsite.info\/\" >Nevada Test Site Workers Exposed to Radiation \u2013 National Cancer Benefits Center<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1958\u00a0<\/strong> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-united-states-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >US performs nuclear test<\/a> (atmospheric) at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nevada_Test_Site\" >Nevada Test Site<\/a>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>For some more relevant information, see<\/em><strong> \u201c1961 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-united-states-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >US performs nuclear test<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nevada_Test_Site\" >Nevada Test Site<\/a>\u201d, <em>mentioned above.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1958\u00a0<\/strong> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> (atmospheric) at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Novaya_Zemlya\" >Novaya Zemlya<\/a> USSR.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>USSR Nuclear Tests in 1958:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1958_Soviet_nuclear_tests\" >1958 Soviet nuclear tests \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>USSR\u2019s Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovwpnprog.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/tests\/USSR-ntestsS.html\" >Database of nuclear tests, USSR\/Russia: overview \u2013 JohnstonArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Novaya Zemlya Nuclear Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/wmd\/world\/russia\/novaya_zemlya_nuc.htm\" >Novaya Zemlya \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.atlasobscura.com\/places\/novaya-zemlya\" >NOVAYA ZEMLYA \u2013 AtlasObscura.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.giantbomb.com\/novaya-zemlya\/3035-3167\/\" >Novaya Zemlya \u2013 GiantBomb.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.arkcode.com\/custom3_64.html\" >NOVA ZEMLYA (NOVAYA ZEMLYA) 58 MEGA TON H BOMB TEST \u2013 ArkCode.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nti.org\/facilities\/924\/\" >Central Test Site of Russia on Novaya Zemlya \u2013 NTI.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www1.american.edu\/ted\/ice\/novalya.htm\" >ICE Case Studies \u2013 Novaya Zemlya, by Carrie McVicker \u2013 American.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/earthobservatory.nasa.gov\/IOTD\/view.php?id=39591\" >Novaya Zemlya Archipelago \u2013 Image \u2013 NASA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/novayazemlya.net\/\" >Novaya Zemlya Archipelago \u2013 NovayaZemlya.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclear-risks.org\/en\/hibakusha-worldwide\/novaya-zemlya.html\" >Novaya Zemlya, Russia \u2013 Nuclear-Risks.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/tass.ru\/en\/russia\/743105\" >Novaya Zemlya: test site for most powerful nuclear bomb ever detonated \u2013 July 31, 2014 \u2013 TASS Russian News Agency<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclearno.com\/text.asp?11073\" >Novaya Zemlya: birds, animals adapt nuclear test site, by Tatyana Sinitsyna \u2013 RIA Novosti, Russia \u2013 15 August 2006<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/of\/1993\/0501\/report.pdf\" >UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOGRPAPHICAL SURVEY \u2013 Physical Environment of the Underground Nuclear Test Site on Novaya Zemlya, Russia, by John R. Matzko \u2013 Open-File Report 93-501 \u2013 Reston, Virginia \u2013 1993<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Soviet Atmospheric Nuclear Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovatmtest.html\" >Soviet Atmospheric Tests \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/zvis.com\/nuclear\/ndb\/ussrnuks.shtml\" >USSR Atmospheric Nuclear Tests Database \u2013 Zvis.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovwpnprog.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/tests\/USSR-ntestsS.html\" >Database of nuclear tests, USSR\/Russia: overview \u2013 JohnstonArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/soviet_nuclear_testing_semipalatinsk_20th_anniversary\/24311518.html\" >Slow Death of Kazakhstan\u2019s Land Of Nuclear Tests \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty \u2013 RFRL.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/large.stanford.edu\/courses\/2014\/ph241\/powell2\/docs\/vakulchuk.pdf\" >Semipalatinsk nuclear testing: the humanitarian consequences \u2013 Norwegian Institute of International Affairs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thebulletin.org\/lasting-toll-semipalatinsks-nuclear-testing\" >The lasting toll of Semipalitinsk\u2019s nuclear testing \u2013 TheBulletin.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/12566948_External_doses_of_residents_near_Semipalatinsk_nuclear_test_site\" >External Doses of Residents near Semipalitinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 ResearchGate.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.irpa.net\/irpa10\/cdrom\/00504.pdf\" >Radiation Exposure on Residents due to Semipalitinsk Nuclear Tests \u2013 IRPA.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Effect and\/or Impact of Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/page-3-effects-of-nuclear-weapon-testing-by-the-soviet-union\/\" >Page 3: Effects of Nuclear Weapon Testing by the Soviet Union \u2013 Economic, social, and environmental impacts \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/general-overview-of-theeffects-of-nuclear-testing\/\" >GENERAL OVERVIEW OF THE EFFECTS OF NUCLEAR TESTING \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/slashdot.org\/story\/13\/08\/20\/1738213\/the-secret-effort-to-clean-up-a-former-soviet-nuclear-test-site\" >The Secret Effort To Clean Up a Former Soviet Nuclear Test Site \u2013 Slashdot.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/citeseerx.ist.psu.edu\/viewdoc\/summary?doi=10.1.1.543.8580\" >A Review of Nuclear Testing by the Soviet Union at Novaya, by Vitaly I. Khalturin , Tatyana G. Rautian , Paul G. Richards , and William S. Leith \u2013 CiteSeerX- PSU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1957\u00a0<\/strong> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> (atmospheric) at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Novaya_Zemlya\" >Novaya Zemlya<\/a> USSR.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>For more pertinent information, see<\/em> \u201c<strong>1958 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Novaya_Zemlya\" >Novaya Zemlya<\/a> USSR\u201d, <em>mentioned above.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1957\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Windscale_fire\" >Windscale fire<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cumbria\" >Cumbria<\/a>, UK is the world\u2019s first major nuclear accident.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1957\u00a0 <\/strong>US President <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dwight_D._Eisenhower\" >Dwight D. Eisenhower<\/a> apologizes to the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Finance_minister\" >finance minister<\/a> of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ghana\" >Ghana<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Komla_Agbeli_Gbedemah\" >Komla Agbeli Gbedemah<\/a>, after he is refused service in a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dover,_Delaware\" >Dover, Delaware<\/a> restaurant.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1953\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mutual_Defense_Treaty_Between_the_United_States_and_the_Republic_of_Korea\" >Mutual Defense Treaty Between the United States and the Republic of Korea<\/a> is concluded in Washington, D.C.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1945\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_Communist_Party\" >Chinese Communist Party<\/a> and the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kuomintang\" >Kuomintang<\/a> signed a principle agreement in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chongqing\" >Chongqing<\/a> about the future of post-war China. Later, the pact is commonly referred to as the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Double_Tenth_Agreement\" >Double Tenth Agreement<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1944\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Holocaust\" >Holocaust<\/a>: Eight hundred the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Romani_people\" >Romani People<\/a> (a.k.a. Gypsy) children are murdered at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Auschwitz_concentration_camp\" >Auschwitz concentration camp<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Eight Hundred Romani Children Gassed to Death at Auschwitz:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/eight-hundred-children-are-gassed-to-death-at-auschwitz\" >OCT 10, 1944: ON THIS DAY: Eight hundred Gypsy children, including more than a hundred boys between 9 and 14 years old are gassed to death at Auschwitz \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Romani (Roma) People:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.newworldencyclopedia.org\/entry\/Roma\" >Roma \u2013 New World Encyclopedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/newint.org\/blog\/2013\/10\/28\/roma-minority-prejudice\/\" >Who are the Roma people? \u2013 October 28, 2013 \u2013 New Internationalist \u2013 NewInt.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.euronews.com\/2012\/04\/30\/who-are-the-roma-people-\/\" >Who are the Romani people? \u2013 April 30, 2012 \u2013 European News<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.livescience.com\/40652-facts-about-roma-romani-gypsies.html\" >5 Intriguing Facts About the Roma, by Marc Lallanilla \u2013 October 23, 2013 \u2013 LiveScience.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.crystalinks.com\/romapeople.html\" >Romani \u2013 Gypsies \u2013 Crystalinks.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.livescience.com\/25294-origin-romani-people.html\" >Origin of the Romani People Pinned Down, by Stephanie Rappas \u2013 December 6, 2012 \u2013 LiveScience.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_the_Romani_people\" >History of the Romani people \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/topics.nytimes.com\/top\/reference\/timestopics\/subjects\/r\/romani_people\/index.html\" >Romani People \u2013 Chronology of News Coverage \u2013 The New York Times<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Genocide of the Romani People:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ushmm.org\/wlc\/en\/article.php?ModuleId=10005219\" >GENOCIDE OF EUROPEAN ROMA (Gypsies), 1935-1945 \u2013 Holocaust Encyclopedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fcit.usf.edu\/holocaust\/people\/VictRoma.htm\" >Sinti and Roma \u2013 A TEACHER\u2019S GUIDE TO THE HOLOCAUST<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/2august.eu\/the-roma-genocide\/\" >The Roma Genocide \u2013 2August.eu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/preventgenocide.org\/edu\/pastgenocides\/nazi\/parajmos\/resources\/\" >Nazi Occupied Europe 1941\u20131945: Genocide of Roma-Sinti (<em>Parajmos<\/em>) \u2013 PreventGenocide.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/chgs.umn.edu\/histories\/victims\/romaSinti\/gypsies3.html\" >Gypsies: A Persecuted Race \u2013 UMN.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/chgs.umn.edu\/histories\/victims\/romaSinti\/gypsies3.html\" >Roma and the Holocaust of World War II: Victims, Then and Now, by Juila Hajdu \u2013 UCSB.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.holocaust-trc.org\/sinti-and-roma\/\" >Sinti and Roma \u2013 HOLOCAUST TEACHER RESOURCE CENTER<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.preventgenocide.org\/edu\/pastgenocides\/nazi\/parajmos\/resources.htm\" >Resources on the <em>Parajmos, the <\/em>Genocide of Roma-Sinti ()Nazi Occupied Europe 1941-1945, DRAFT unorganized \u2013 Prevent Genocide International<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.iearn.org\/hgp\/aeti\/aeti-1997\/roma-in-holocaust.html\" >Roma (Gypsies) and the Holocaust, by Mary Pottanat and Nadia Khan<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/combatgenocide.org\/?page_id=81\" >ROMANI GENOCIDE \u2013 CombatGenocide.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncas.rutgers.edu\/center-study-genocide-conflict-resolution-and-human-rights\/romani-porajmos\" >Romani Porajmos \u2013 Center for the Study of Genocide and Human Rights<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historywiz.com\/roma.htm\" >The Roma Holocaust \u2013 HistoryWiz.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Victims_of_the_Holocaust\" >Holocaust victims \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/romove.radio.cz\/en\/article\/20320\" >The \u2018Devouring\u2019: A Look at the Romani Holocaust \u2013 Roma in the Czech Republic<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/chgs.umn.edu\/histories\/victims\/romaSinti\/jewishResponses.html\" >Jewish Responses to the Porrajmos (The Romani Holocaust) \u2013 Jewish Responses \u2013 Center for Holocaust and Genocide Studies<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/roma.idebate.org\/news-articles\/remember-nazi-genocide-resist-new-fascists\" >\u201c<em>Roma will gather in London on 2 August to draw attention to the Nazi genocide against the Romani people, their heroic uprising at Auschwitz concentration camp and the need to resist\u00a0right-wing policies and violence that\u00a0are threatening their communities across Europe today<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 \u00a0REMEMBER NAZI GENOCIDE AND RESIST\u00a0NEW FASCISTS\u00a0By Grattan Puxon\u00a029\/06\/2014 \u2013 Roma Buzz Monitor<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.world-war-2-diaries.com\/holocaust-facts.html\" >26 Holocaust Facts \u2013 THE WORLD WAR 2 DIARIES<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.holocaust-education.dk\/holocaust\/sigojnerne.asp\" >The Gypsies during the Holocaust \u2013 Holocaust-Education.dk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/genocide.leadr.msu.edu\/the-forgotten-voices-the-roma-and-sinti-peoples-of-the-holocaust\/\" >The Forgotten Voices: The Roma and the Sinti Peoples of the Holocaust \u2013 MSU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/genocide.leadr.msu.edu\/the-forgotten-faces\/\" >The Forgotten Faces: The People \u2013 MSU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/genocide.leadr.msu.edu\/forgotten-history\/\" >Forgotten History \u2013 MSU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/genocide.leadr.msu.edu\/life-before-the-holocaust\/\" >Life Before The Holocaust \u2013 MSU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/genocide.leadr.msu.edu\/299-2\/\" >Why were they targeted? \u2013 MSU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/genocide.leadr.msu.edu\/their-story-revealed\/\" >Their Story Revealed \u2013 MSU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/genocide.leadr.msu.edu\/aftermath-a-road-to-recovery-and-remembrance\/\" >Aftermath: A Road to Recovery and Remembrance \u2013 MSU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.un.org\/en\/holocaustremembrance\/docs\/pdf\/chapter1.pdf\" >Remembering Nazi Persecution of Roma and Sinti \u2013 UN.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/iipdigital.usembassy.gov\/st\/english\/texttrans\/2011\/07\/20110728110635su0.1407391.html#axzz3mqO5xCIO\" >Ambassador Kelly on Commemoration of Roma Genocide \u2013 28 July 2011 \u2013 USEmbassy.gov<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.csce.gov\/index.cfm?FuseAction=ContentRecords.ViewDetail&amp;ContentRecord_id=488&amp;Region_id=0&amp;Issue_id=0&amp;ContentType=G&amp;ContentRecordType=G\" >HELSINKI COMMISSION WELCOMES UNVEILING OF BERLIN MEMORIAL FOR ROMANI GONOCIDE VICTIMS \u2013 November 21, 2012 \u2013 CSCE<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1943\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Double_Tenth_Incident\" >Double Tenth Incident<\/a> in Japanese-controlled <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Singapore\" >Singapore<\/a><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Double Tenth Incident:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/eresources.nlb.gov.sg\/infopedia\/articles\/SIP_111_2005-01-06.html\" >Double Tenth incident \u2013 Singapore Infopedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.animalsillustrated.com\/q\/Double_Tenth_Incident\" >Double Tenth Incident \u2013 AnimalIllustrated.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/eresources.nlb.gov.sg\/history\/events\/3224d8f8-5c80-47a9-b144-a63dafe692b8\" >\u201c<em>The Double Tenth incident, which took place on 10 October 1943, refers to the arrest and torture of civilian residents in Singapore and civilian internees by Japanese military police which lasted until 2 April 1944<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 DOUBLE TENTH INCIDENT TAKES PLACE: 10<sup>th<\/sup> Oct 1943 \u2013 History SG \u2013 NLB.gov.sg<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/self.gutenberg.org\/articles\/Double_Tenth_Incident\" >DOUBLE TENTH INCIDENT \u2013 Self.Gutenberg.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/wdlhysec2d23.blogspot.hr\/2013\/02\/double-tenth-incident-10-oct-1943.html\" >Double Tenth Incident (10 Oct 1943) \u2013 My life under the Second World War in Singapore<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/ijkm.nl\/Double_Tenth_Incident\" >\u201c<em>This article is about the incident in Singapore. For the revolt against the Japanese occupation of British Borneo, see Jesselton Revolt. The \u201c<\/em><strong><em>Double Tenth incident<\/em><\/strong><em>\u201d or \u201c<\/em><strong><em>Double Tenth massacre<\/em><\/strong><em>\u201d occurred on 10 October 1943, during the Second World War Japanese occupation of Singapore<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Double Tenth Incident \u2013 IJKM.nl<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mindef.gov.sg\/imindef\/about_us\/history\/overview\/world_war2\/v03n10_history.html\" >\u201c<em>On 10 October 1943, the Japanese kempeitai, or secret police, arrested more than 130 locals in Singapore. This was carried out after seven Japanese ships were sunk in Keppel Harbour. The Japanese soldiers suspected that the sabotage was an inside job<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 1943 Double Tenth Massacre \u2013 MINDEF.gov.sg<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Massacres in Singapore, and Some Pertinent Atrocities:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_massacres_in_Singapore\" >List of Massacres in Singapore \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Japanese_occupation_of_Singapore\" >Japanese occupation of Singapore \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Japanese_war_crimes\" >Japanese war crimes \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.iwm.org.uk\/collections\/item\/object\/205208817\" >JAPANESE WAR CRIMES TRIAL IN SINGAPORE \u2013 IWM.org.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.japanfocus.org\/-Hayashi-Hirofumi\/3187\/article.html\" >The Battle of Singapore, the Massacre of Chinese and Understanding of the Issue in Postwar Japan, by Hirofumi Hayashi \u2013 The Asia-Pacific Journal: Japan Focus \u2013 JapanFocus.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/hellfire-pass.commemoration.gov.au\/after-the-war\/war-crimes-trials.php\" >\u201c<em>Even before World War II ended Allied authorities began collecting evidence of war crimes committed by the Japanese in the countries they occupied. This culminated in a series of trials held throughout the Pacific between 1945 and 1951 which mirrored war crimes trials in Europe<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 War Crimes Trial \u2013 After the War<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/wcsc.berkeley.edu\/world-war-ii-document-archive\/pacific-theater-document-archive\/\" >Pacific Theater \u2013 War Crimes Studies Center \u2013 Berkeley.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/listverse.com\/2014\/05\/06\/10-japanese-atrocities-from-world-war-ii\/\" >10 Japanese Atrocities from World War II \u2013 May 6, 2014 \u2013 LISTVERSE.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.hawaii.edu\/powerkills\/SOD.CHAP3.HTM\" >Statistics of Japanese Democide: Estimates, Calculations, And Sources, by R.J. Rummel \u2013 STATISTICS OF DEMOCIDE<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>International Military Tribunal in the Far East (a.k.a. Tokyo Military Tribunal):<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/International_Military_Tribunal_for_the_Far_East#External_links\" >International Military Tribunal for the Far East \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.macalester.edu\/%7Etam\/HIST194%20War%20Crimes\/documents\/Nuremberg\/Charter%20of%20the%20International%20Military%20Tribunal%20Far%20East.htm\" >Charter of the International Military Tribunal for the Far East \u2013.edu<\/a>; <em><strong>the same charter at<\/strong><\/em> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jus.uio.no\/english\/services\/library\/treaties\/04\/4-06\/military-tribunal-far-east.xml\" >no<\/a>, <em><strong>or<\/strong><\/em><strong> at<\/strong> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/droitcultures.revues.org\/2183\" >Droit et Cultures<\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.loc.gov\/law\/help\/us-treaties\/bevans\/m-ust000004-0020.pdf\" >INTERNATIONAL MILITARY TRIBUNAL FOR THE FAR EAST \u2013 Special proclamation by the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers at Tokyo, January 19, 1946; charter dated January 19, 1946; amended dated April 26, 1946 \u2013 Tribunal established January 19, 1946 \u2013 Treaties and Other International Macalester Acts Series 1589<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/search.archives.un.org\/unwcc-transcripts-of-proceedings-and-documents-of-international-military-tribunal-for-far-east-tokyo-trials-transcript-page-nos-932-1620\" >Folder UNWCC \u2013 Transcripts of Proceedings and Documents of the International Military Tribunal for the Far East (Tokyo Trials): Transcript page Nos. 932 \u2013 1620 \u2013 17674 \u2013 United Nations Archives and Records Management Section<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/werle.rewi.hu-berlin.de\/tokio.pdf\" >INTERNATIOAL MILITARY TRIBUNAL FOR THE FAR EAST \u2013 Judgment of 4 November 1948<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/japanese-war-criminals-hanged-in-tokyo\" >DEC 23, 1948: ON THIS DAY: Japanese war criminals hanged in Tokyo \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sdh-fact.com\/CL02_1\/66_S4.pdf\" >TOKYO TRIALS: THE UNHEARD DEFENSE, written and edited by KOBORI Keiichiro, Ph.D. \u2013 1995 \u2013 SDH-Fact.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.erudit.org\/revue\/TTR\/2009\/v22\/n1\/044782ar.html\" >Interpretation at the Tokyo War Crimes Tribunal: An Overview and Tojo\u2019s Cross-Examination, by Tomie Watanabe \u2013 \u00c9rudit \u2013 Volume\u00a022,\u00a0num\u00e9ro\u00a01, 1er semestre 2009,\u00a0p.\u00a057-91 \u2013 Erudit.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1942\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soviet_Union\" >Soviet Union<\/a> establishes <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Diplomatic_relations\" >diplomatic relations<\/a> with Australia.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1938<\/strong><strong>\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Munich_Agreement\" >Munich Agreement<\/a> cedes the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sudetenland\" >Sudetenland<\/a> to <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nazi_Germany\" >Nazi Germany<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Sudeten Crisis:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/airminded.org\/archives\/sudeten-crisis\/\" >The Sudeten crisis, 1938 \u2013 AirMinded.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historylearningsite.co.uk\/world-war-two\/resistance-movements\/czechoslovakia-resistance\/\" >Czechoslovakia resistance \u2013 HistoryLearningSite.co.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/userpages.umbc.edu\/%7Enmiller\/POLI388\/SUMMARIES\/STUART.htm\" >\u201c<em>The Munich Crisis was one of the many waypoints along the road to World War II. This Crisis began when Nazi Germany demanded the annexation of the Sudetenland, the Czech territory bordering Germany<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Executive Summary: The Munich Crisis \u2013 UMBC.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.com\/dr-charles-g-cogan\/crimea-sudetenland_b_4892893.html\" >The Current Crisis: It Takes Me Back to the Sudetenland, 1938, by Dr. Charles G. Cogan \u2013 posted 03\/04\/2014; updated 05\/04\/2014 \u2013 The World Post \u2013 HuffingtonPost.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/worldhistoryproject.org\/topics\/sudetenland\" >Sudetenland Timeline \u2013 Sep 30 1938 \u2013 Munich Agreement \u2013 WorldHistoryProject.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1935\u00a0 <\/strong>A coup d\u2019\u00e9tat by the royalist leadership of the Greek Armed Forces takes place in Athens. It overthrows the government of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Panagis_Tsaldaris\" >Panagis Tsaldaris<\/a> and establishes a regency under <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Georgios_Kondylis\" >Georgios Kondylis<\/a>, effectively ending the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Second_Hellenic_Republic\" >Second Hellenic Republic<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1928\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chiang_Kai-shek\" >Chiang Kai-shek<\/a> becomes <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/President_of_the_Republic_of_China\" >Chairman of the Republic of China<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1920\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Carinthian_plebiscite,_1920\" >Carinthian plebiscite<\/a> determines that the larger part of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Duchy_of_Carinthia\" >Duchy of Carinthia<\/a> should remain part of Austria.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1913\u00a0 <\/strong>United States President <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Woodrow_Wilson\" >Woodrow Wilson<\/a> triggers the explosion of the Gamboa Dike thus ending construction on the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Panama_Canal\" >Panama Canal<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1911\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wuchang_Uprising\" >Wuchang Uprising<\/a> leads to the demise of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Qing_dynasty\" >Qing dynasty<\/a>, the last Imperial court in China, and the founding of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Republic_of_China_%281912%E2%80%9349%29\" >Republic of China<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1910\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tau_Epsilon_Phi\" >Tau Epsilon Phi<\/a>: Tau Epsilon Phi Fraternity is founded on the campus of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Columbia_University\" >Columbia University<\/a> in New York City, New York.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1897\u00a0 <\/strong>German chemist <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Felix_Hoffmann\" >Felix Hoffmann<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_aspirin\" >discovers<\/a> an improved way of synthesizing <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aspirin\" >acetylsalicylic acid<\/a> (aspirin).<\/p>\n<p><strong>1871\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Great_Chicago_Fire\" >Great Chicago Fire<\/a>: Chicago burns after a barn accident. The fire lasts from October 8 to October 10.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1868\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Carlos_C%C3%A9spedes\" >Carlos C\u00e9spedes<\/a> issues the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Grito_de_Yara\" >Grito de Yara<\/a> from his <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Plantation\" >plantation<\/a>, La Demajagua, proclaiming <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cuba\" >Cuba<\/a>\u2018s independence<\/p>\n<p><strong>1846\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Triton_%28moon%29\" >Triton<\/a>, the largest moon of the planet <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Neptune\" >Neptune<\/a>, is discovered by English astronomer <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/William_Lassell\" >William Lassell<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>OCTOBER 11<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Today in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/International_Day_of_the_Girl_Child\" >INTERNATIONAL DAY OF THE GIRL CHILD<\/a>:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>2002\u00a0 <\/strong>A <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Myyrmanni_bombing\" >bomb attack<\/a> in a shopping mall in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vantaa\" >Vantaa<\/a>, Finland kills seven.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2000\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/\" >NASA<\/a> launches <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/STS-92\" >STS-92<\/a>, the 100th <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Space_Shuttle\" >Space Shuttle<\/a> mission, using <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Space_Shuttle_Discovery\" >Space Shuttle Discovery<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1987\u00a0 <\/strong>Start of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Operation_Pawan\" >Operation Pawan<\/a> by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indian_Peace_Keeping_Force\" >Indian Peace Keeping Force<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sri_Lanka\" >Sri Lanka<\/a> that killed thousands of ethnic <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tamil_people\" >Tamil<\/a> civilians and hundreds of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tamil_Tigers\" >Tamil Tigers<\/a> &amp; <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indian_Army\" >Indian Army<\/a> soldiers.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Operation Pawan:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indian_Peace_Keeping_Force\" >Indian Peacekeeping Force \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.indianetzone.com\/3\/operation_pawan_1987.htm\" >Operation Pawan 1987 \u2013 IndiaNetzone.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_military_operations_of_the_Sri_Lankan_Civil_War\" >List of military operations in the Sri Lankan Civil War \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldlibrary.org\/articles\/Operation_Pawan\" >OPERATION PAWAN \u2013 WorldLibrary.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.funillustratedmagazine.com\/q\/Operation_Pawan\" >Operation Pawan \u2013 FunIllustratedMagazine.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.indiandefencereview.com\/news\/helicopter-operations-in-sri-lanka\/\" >\u201c<em>When the Jaffna Operations commenced, the total helicopter assets available there were four Mi-8s. On the night of October 11\/12, 1987, a night SHBO was planned in conjunction with a multi-pronged advance by other ground units, the objective being the capture of LTTE strongholds near Jaffna University<\/em>. \u201c \u2013 Helicopter Operation in Sri Lanka, by Air Vice Marshal AK Tiwary \u2013 Vol.27.3 Jul-Sep 2012 | Date: 31 Oct, 2012 \u2013 Indian Defense Review \u2013 IndianDefenseReview.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1986\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cold_War\" >Cold War<\/a>: U.S. President <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ronald_Reagan\" >Ronald Reagan<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/USSR\" >Soviet<\/a> leader <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mikhail_Gorbachev\" >Mikhail Gorbachev<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Reykjav%C3%ADk_Summit\" >meet<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Reykjav%C3%ADk\" >Reykjav\u00edk<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Iceland\" >Iceland<\/a>, in an effort to continue discussions about scaling back their intermediate <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Missile\" >missile<\/a> arsenals in Europe.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1984\u00a0 <\/strong>Aboard the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Space_Shuttle_Challenger\" >Space Shuttle <em>Challenger<\/em><\/a>, astronaut <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kathryn_D._Sullivan\" >Kathryn D. Sullivan<\/a> becomes the first American woman to perform a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Space_walk\" >space walk<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1980<\/strong><strong>\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> (underground) at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Novaya_Zemlya\" >Novaya Zemlya<\/a> USSR.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>USSR Nuclear Tests in 1980:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1980_Soviet_nuclear_tests\" >1980 Soviet nuclear tests &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>USSR\u2019s Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovwpnprog.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/tests\/USSR-ntestsS.html\" >Database of nuclear tests, USSR\/Russia: overview \u2013 JohnstonArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Effect and\/or Impact of Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/page-3-effects-of-nuclear-weapon-testing-by-the-soviet-union\/\" >Page 3: Effects of Nuclear Weapon Testing by the Soviet Union \u2013 Economic, social, and environmental impacts \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/general-overview-of-theeffects-of-nuclear-testing\/\" >GENERAL OVERVIEW OF THE EFFECTS OF NUCLEAR TESTING \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/slashdot.org\/story\/13\/08\/20\/1738213\/the-secret-effort-to-clean-up-a-former-soviet-nuclear-test-site\" >The Secret Effort To Clean Up a Former Soviet Nuclear Test Site \u2013 Slashdot.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/citeseerx.ist.psu.edu\/viewdoc\/summary?doi=10.1.1.543.8580\" >A Review of Nuclear Testing by the Soviet Union at Novaya, by Vitaly I. Khalturin , Tatyana G. Rautian , Paul G. Richards , and William S. Leith \u2013 CiteSeerX- PSU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Underground Nuclear Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tightflash.org\/all_911\/third_truth\/nuclear_demolition_basic\/USGSOFR01312.pdf\" >The Containment of Soviet Underground Nuclear Explosions, by Vitaly V. Adshkin, and William Leith \u2013 OPEN FILE REPROT 01-312, September 2001 \u2013 US DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/srl.geoscienceworld.org\/content\/86\/2A\/451.full.pdf\" >Political Seismology or Seismological Politics: Natural Resources Defense Council \u2013 USSR Experiments in Underground Nuclear Test Verification, by Anna Amramina<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2013\/02\/11\/world\/asia\/north-korea-underground-explosion-explainer\/index.html\" >What happens with an underground nuclear test? , by Kevin Voigt \u2013 February 19, 2013 \u2013 CNN<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nnsa.energy.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/nv_sweis\/environmentalimpact\/v2\/Appendix%20H.pdf\" >APPENDIX H \u2013 UNDERGROUND NUCLEAR TESTING<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/gajitz.com\/buried-history-underground-nuclear-weapons-tests\/\" >Buried History: Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 GAJITZ.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theblogbelow.com\/2008\/07\/underground-nuclear-test.html\" >Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 TheBlogBelow.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ldeo.columbia.edu\/res\/pi\/Monitoring\/Arch\/BRV_arch_exp.html\" >Borovoye Archive Data from Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 Columbia.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/of\/1993\/0501\/report.pdf\" >Physical Environment of the Underground Nuclear Test Site on Novaya Zemlya, Russia, by John R. Matzko \u2013 Open-File Report 93-501- Reston, Virginia \u2013 1993 \u2013 THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOGRAPHICAL SURVEY<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Novaya Zemlya Nuclear Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/wmd\/world\/russia\/novaya_zemlya_nuc.htm\" >Novaya Zemlya \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.atlasobscura.com\/places\/novaya-zemlya\" >NOVAYA ZEMLYA \u2013 AtlasObscura.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.giantbomb.com\/novaya-zemlya\/3035-3167\/\" >Novaya Zemlya \u2013 GiantBomb.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.arkcode.com\/custom3_64.html\" >NOVA ZEMLYA (NOVAYA ZEMLYA) 58 MEGA TON H BOMB TEST \u2013 ArkCode.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nti.org\/facilities\/924\/\" >Central Test Site of Russia on Novaya Zemlya \u2013 NTI.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www1.american.edu\/ted\/ice\/novalya.htm\" >ICE Case Studies \u2013 Novaya Zemlya, by Carrie McVicker \u2013 American.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/earthobservatory.nasa.gov\/IOTD\/view.php?id=39591\" >Novaya Zemlya Archipelago \u2013 Image \u2013 NASA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/novayazemlya.net\/\" >Novaya Zemlya Archipelago \u2013 NovayaZemlya.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclear-risks.org\/en\/hibakusha-worldwide\/novaya-zemlya.html\" >Novaya Zemlya, Russia \u2013 Nuclear-Risks.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/tass.ru\/en\/russia\/743105\" >Novaya Zemlya: test site for most powerful nuclear bomb ever detonated \u2013 July 31, 2014 \u2013 TASS Russian News Agency<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclearno.com\/text.asp?11073\" >Novaya Zemlya: birds, animals adapt nuclear test site, by Tatyana Sinitsyna \u2013 RIA Novosti, Russia \u2013 15 August 2006<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/of\/1993\/0501\/report.pdf\" >UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOGRPAPHICAL SURVEY \u2013 Physical Environment of the Underground Nuclear Test Site on Novaya Zemlya, Russia, by John R. Matzko \u2013 Open-File Report 93-501 \u2013 Reston, Virginia \u2013 1993<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1976\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/George_Washington\" >George Washington<\/a>\u2018s appointment, posthumously, to the grade of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/General_of_the_Armies\" >General of the Armies<\/a> by congressional joint resolution <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikisource.org\/wiki\/Public_Law_94-479\" >Public Law 94-479<\/a> is approved by President <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gerald_R._Ford\" >Gerald R. Ford<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1972\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/USS_Kitty_Hawk_riot\" >A race riot<\/a> occurs on the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States_Navy\" >United States Navy<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aircraft_carrier\" >aircraft carrier<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/USS_Kitty_Hawk_%28CV-63%29\" ><em>Kitty Hawk<\/em><\/a> off the coast of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vietnam\" >Vietnam<\/a> during <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Operation_Linebacker\" >Operation Linebacker<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1968\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Apollo_program\" >Apollo program<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/NASA\" >NASA<\/a> launches <em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Apollo_7\" >Apollo 7<\/a>,<\/em> the first successful manned Apollo mission, with <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Astronaut\" >astronauts<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wally_Schirra\" >Wally Schirra<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Donn_F._Eisele\" >Donn F. Eisele<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Walter_Cunningham\" >Walter Cunningham<\/a> aboard.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1962\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Second_Vatican_Council\" >Second Vatican Council<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pope_John_XXIII\" >Pope John XXIII<\/a> convenes the first <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ecumenical_council\" >ecumenical council<\/a> of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Roman_Catholic_Church\" >Roman Catholic Church<\/a> in 92 years.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Vatican Council II:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/society\/vatican-council-second.html\" >Vatican Council, Second \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.frben.com\/documents\/Vatican_Council_II_Overview_-_Handout.pdf\" >Vatican Council II \u2013 Overview, by Rev. Benjamin P. Bradshaw \u2013 pdf \u2013 FRBEN.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.npr.org\/2012\/10\/10\/162573716\/why-is-vatican-ii-so-important\" >Why Is Vatican II So Important? ,by Jordan G. Teicher \u2013 October 10, 2012 \u2013 NPR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.doomsdayprophecies.info\/vatican-ii\/\" >Second Vatican Council, Heresies, Documents, Summary, and Fact \u2013 Vatican Council II \u2013 DoomsDayProficies.info<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Vatican Council II Documents:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.searchlightvs.com\/SCF\/vatican_II\/Vat_summary.pdf\" >Vatican II \u2013 Summary and Reflection of Vatican II Documents \u2013 pdf \u2013 Serchlightsvs.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.catholicculture.org\/culture\/library\/view.cfm?recnum=10034\" >A Summary and Guide to the Documents of the Second Vatican Counci \u2013 CatholicCulture.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ewtn.com\/library\/COUNCILS\/V2ALL.HTM\" >SECOND VATICAN COUNCIL \u2013 The 16 Documents \u2013 EWTN.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.vatican.va\/archive\/hist_councils\/ii_vatican_council\/documents\/vat-ii_const_19641121_lumen-gentium_en.html\" >DOGMATIC CONSTITUTION ON THE CHURCH <em><strong>LUMEN GENTIUM<\/strong><\/em> SOLEMNLY PROMULGATED BY HIS HOLINESS POPE PAUL VI ON NOVEMBER 21, 1964 \u2013 Vatican.va<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.vatican.va\/archive\/hist_councils\/ii_vatican_council\/documents\/vat-ii_const_19651118_dei-verbum_en.html\" >DOGMATIC CONSTITUTION ON DIVINE REVELATION <em><strong>DEI VERBUM<\/strong><\/em> SOLEMNLY PROMULGATED BY HIS HOLINESS POPE PAUL VI ON NOVEMBER 18, 1965 \u2013 Vatican.va<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>196<\/strong><strong>1\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> (underground) at Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>USSR Nuclear Tests in 1961:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1961_Soviet_nuclear_tests\" >1961 Soviet nuclear tests &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of the nuclear test of the Soviet Union \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>USSR\u2019s Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovwpnprog.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/tests\/USSR-ntestsS.html\" >Database of nuclear tests, USSR\/Russia: overview \u2013 JohnstonArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Effect and\/or Impact of Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/page-3-effects-of-nuclear-weapon-testing-by-the-soviet-union\/\" >Page 3: Effects of Nuclear Weapon Testing by the Soviet Union \u2013 Economic, social, and environmental impacts \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/general-overview-of-theeffects-of-nuclear-testing\/\" >GENERAL OVERVIEW OF THE EFFECTS OF NUCLEAR TESTING \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/slashdot.org\/story\/13\/08\/20\/1738213\/the-secret-effort-to-clean-up-a-former-soviet-nuclear-test-site\" >The Secret Effort To Clean Up a Former Soviet Nuclear Test Site \u2013 Slashdot.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/citeseerx.ist.psu.edu\/viewdoc\/summary?doi=10.1.1.543.8580\" >A Review of Nuclear Testing by the Soviet Union at Novaya, by Vitaly I. Khalturin , Tatyana G. Rautian , Paul G. Richards , and William S. Leith \u2013 CiteSeerX- PSU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Underground Nuclear Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tightflash.org\/all_911\/third_truth\/nuclear_demolition_basic\/USGSOFR01312.pdf\" >The Containment of Soviet Underground Nuclear Explosions, by Vitaly V. Adshkin, and William Leith \u2013 OPEN FILE REPROT 01-312, September 2001 \u2013 US DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/srl.geoscienceworld.org\/content\/86\/2A\/451.full.pdf\" >Political Seismology or Seismological Politics: Natural Resources Defense Council \u2013 USSR Experiments in Underground Nuclear Test Verification, by Anna Amramina<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2013\/02\/11\/world\/asia\/north-korea-underground-explosion-explainer\/index.html\" >What happens with an underground nuclear test? , by Kevin Voigt \u2013 February 19, 2013 \u2013 CNN<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nnsa.energy.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/nv_sweis\/environmentalimpact\/v2\/Appendix%20H.pdf\" >APPENDIX H \u2013 UNDERGROUND NUCLEAR TESTING<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/gajitz.com\/buried-history-underground-nuclear-weapons-tests\/\" >Buried History: Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 GAJITZ.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theblogbelow.com\/2008\/07\/underground-nuclear-test.html\" >Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 TheBlogBelow.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ldeo.columbia.edu\/res\/pi\/Monitoring\/Arch\/BRV_arch_exp.html\" >Borovoye Archive Data from Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 Columbia.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/of\/1993\/0501\/report.pdf\" >Physical Environment of the Underground Nuclear Test Site on Novaya Zemlya, Russia, by John R. Matzko \u2013 Open-File Report 93-501- Reston, Virginia \u2013 1993 \u2013 THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOGRAPHICAL SURVEY<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.boston.com\/bigpicture\/2009\/11\/kazakhstans_radioactive_legacy.html\" >Kazakhstan\u2019s radioactive legacy \u2013 Boston.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/wn.com\/semipalatinsk_test_site\" >\u201cMy home: nuclear base Semipalatinsk \u2013 21\u201d, Episode 02 \u201cMain Testing Field\u201d (Video: 3 min. 14 sec.) \u2013 WN.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/soviet_nuclear_testing_semipalatinsk_20th_anniversary\/24311518.html\" >Slow Death In Kazakhstan\u2019s Land Of Nuclear Tests \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/carlwillis.wordpress.com\/2012\/08\/13\/visit-to-the-semipalatinsk-nuclear-test-site\/\" >Visit to the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 SPEICAL NUCLEAR MATERIAL<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www-ns.iaea.org\/appraisals\/semipalatinsk.asp\" >The Semipalatinsk Test Site, Kazakhstan \u2013 IAEA.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nti.org\/facilities\/732\/\" >Semipalatinsk Test Site \u2013 NTI.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/io9.com\/5988266\/the-tragic-story-of-the-semipalatinsk-nuclear-test-site\" >The Tragic Story of the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site, by Vincze Mikl\u00f3s \u2013 io9.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/Sixty_Years_After_First_Soviet_Nuclear_Test_Legacy_Of_Misery_Lives_On\/1809712.html\" >60 Years After First Soviet Nuclear Test, Legacy Of Misery Lives On In Kazakhstan \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty \u2013 Monday, August 10, 2015 \u2013 RFERL.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/2\/hi\/8236431.stm\" >Soviet nuclear tests leave Kazakh fallout \u2013 Sunday, 6 September 2009 \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/wp-dyn\/content\/story\/2010\/02\/24\/ST2010022403314.html?sid=ST2010022403314\" >In Kazakhstan, the race for uranium goes nuclear, by Philip P. Pan \u2013 Thursday, February 25, 2005 \u2013 The Washington Post<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclearno.com\/text.asp?17456\" >Secrets of Semipalatinsk: How nuclear theft was averted in Central Asia \u2013 NuclearNo.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/listverse.com\/2012\/05\/15\/top-10-nuclear-test-sites\/\" >Top 10 Nuclear Test Sites, Michael Affleck, May 15, 2012 \u2013 Our World \u2013 ListVerse.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Health, and Ecological Issues in Kazakhstan\/Semipalatinsk:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/reference.allrefer.com\/country-guide-study\/kazakhstan\/kazakhstan17.html\" >Kazakstan\/Kazakhstan \u2013 Environmental Problems \u2013 Reference.AllRefer.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclear-risks.org\/fileadmin\/user_upload\/pdfs\/HBWW_EN\/Semipalatinsk_EN_web.pdf\" >\u201cIn Semipalatinsk, the local population was exposed to high levels of radioactivity from nuclear weapon tests for several decades\u2026\u201d \u2013 Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: Nuclear test site \u2013 Nuclear-Risk.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/large.stanford.edu\/courses\/2014\/ph241\/powell2\/docs\/vakulchuk.pdf\" >Semipalatinsk nuclear testing: the humanitarian consequences \u2013 Norwegian Institute of International Affairs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclearfiles.org\/menu\/key-issues\/nuclear-weapons\/issues\/testing\/PDFs\/JC-143920%5B1%5D.pdf\" >Radionuclide Contamination at Kazakhstan\u2019s Semipalatinsk Test Site Implications on Human and Ecological Heath, by T.M. Carlsen, L.E. Peterson, B.A. Ulsh, C.A. Werner, K.L.Purvis, A.C. Sharber<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.irpa.net\/irpa10\/cdrom\/00504.pdf\" >Radiation Exposure on Residents due to Semipalatinsk Nuclear Tests \u2013 IRPA.net<\/a><\/em>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nukefreetexas.org\/downloads\/plutominum_uranium_semipalatinsk_test_site.pdf\" >Plutonium and Uranium in Human Bones from Areas surrounding the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 NukeFreeTexas.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.csmonitor.com\/World\/Asia-South-Central\/2013\/0828\/Secrets-of-Semipalatinsk-How-nuclear-theft-was-averted-in-Central-Asia\" >\u201cTheir research done on sample villages near the test site found cancer mortality rates 2-1\/2 times greater than those in a control village. The agency says some 356,000 people face radiation risk, with 70 percent of those being descendants of exposed villagers\u2026\u201d \u2013 Secrets of Semipalatinsk: How nuclear theft was averted in Central Asia \u2013 The Christian Science Monitor<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/cajgh.pitt.edu\/ojs\/index.php\/cajgh\/article\/view\/127\/0\" >Studies of Health Effects from Nuclear Testing near the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site Kazakhstan, by Bernd Grosche, Tamara Zhunussova, Kazbek Apsalikov, Ausrele Kesminiene<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.idosi.org\/wasj\/wasj23%285%2913\/19.pdf\" >Information Report on Biological Studies Conducted At the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 IDOSI.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/europepmc.org\/articles\/PMC3866702\" >Mortality from Cardiovascular Disease in the Semipalatinsk Historical Cohort, 1960 \u2013 1999, and its Relationship to Radiation Exposure \u2013 Europe PubMed Central<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1958\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pioneer_program\" >Pioneer program<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/NASA\" >NASA<\/a> launches the lunar probe <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pioneer_1\" >Pioneer 1<\/a> (the probe falls back to Earth and burns up).<\/p>\n<p><strong>1957\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Space_Race\" >Space Race<\/a>: MIT scientists calculate <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sputnik_1\" >Sputnik 1<\/a>\u2018s <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sputnik_%28rocket%29\" >booster rocket\u2019s<\/a> orbit.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1954\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/First_Indochina_War\" >First Indochina War<\/a>: The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Viet_Minh\" >Viet Minh<\/a> take control of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/North_Vietnam\" >North Vietnam<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1950\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Television\" >Television<\/a>: CBS\u2019s <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Field-sequential_color_system\" >mechanical color system<\/a> is the first to be licensed for broadcast by the U.S. <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Federal_Communications_Commission\" >Federal Communications Commission<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1944\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tuvan_People%27s_Republic\" >Tuvan People\u2019s Republic<\/a> or formerly <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tannu_Tuva\" >Tannu Tuva<\/a> is annexed by the USSR<\/p>\n<p><strong>1942\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_II\" >World War II<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Cape_Esperance\" >Battle of Cape Esperance<\/a> \u2013 On the northwest coast of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guadalcanal\" >Guadalcanal<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States_Navy\" >United States Navy<\/a> ships intercept and defeat a Japanese fleet on their way to reinforce troops on the island.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1941\u00a0 <\/strong>Beginning of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/National_Liberation_War_of_Macedonia\" >National Liberation War of Macedonia<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>National Liberation War of Macedonia:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/self.gutenberg.org\/articles\/National_Liberation_War_of_Macedonia&amp;action=edit\" >NATIONAL LIBERATION WAR OF MACEDONIA \u2013 Self.Gutenberg.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_II_in_Yugoslav_Macedonia\" >World War II in Yugoslav Macedonia \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/People\" >People\u2019s Liberation Army of Macedonia \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SNOF#SNOF\" >National Liberation Front (Macedonia) \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/makedonija.name\/history\/macedonia-and-second-world-war\" >Macedonia \u2013 during the Second world war (1941-1945)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyofmacedonia.org\/IndependentMacedonia\/MacedonianState.html\" >The Establishment of the Macedonian State In the Second World War Council for Research into South-Eastern Europe of the Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts Skopje, Macedonia, 1993 \u2013 History of Macedonia.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of (the former Yugoslav part of the Republic of) Macedonia:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyofmacedonia.org\/\" >History of Macedonia \u2013 HistoryOfMacedonia.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_the_Republic_of_Macedonia\" >History of the Republic of Macedonia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/macedonia.com\/english\/history\/\" >HISTORY OF MACEDONIA \u2013 Macedonia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyworld.net\/wrldhis\/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=ac49\" >HISTORY OF MACEDONIA \u2013 HistoryWorld.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.macedonia.oh.us\/about-the-community\/macedonia-history\/\" >MACEDONIA HISTORY \u2013 Macedonia.oh.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ancientmacedonia.com\/\" >ANCIENT MACEDONIA \u2013 AncientMacedonia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/history-of-macedonia.com\/\" >History of Macedonia \u2013 History-Of-Macedonia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nationsonline.org\/oneworld\/macedonia_rep.htm\" >Republic of Macedonia \u2013 NationsOnline.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/makedonija.name\/history\" >MACEDONIA HISTORY \u2013 Makedonija.name<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/macedonia-region-europe-history.html\" >Macedonia \u2013 History \u2013 Infopleasec.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldatlas.com\/webimage\/countrys\/europe\/macedonia\/mktimeln.htm\" >Macedonia \u2013 Timeline \u2013 WorldAtlas.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.freewebs.com\/macedonianempire\/timelineofmacedonia.htm\" >Timeline of Macedonia \u2013 FreeWebs.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ancient.eu\/timeline\/Macedonia\/\" >MACEDONIA TIMELINE \u2013 ANCIETN HISTORY \u2013 Ancient.eu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-europe-17553072\" >Macedonia profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1918\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1918_San_Ferm%C3%ADn_earthquake\" >San Ferm\u00edn earthquake<\/a> hits western <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Puerto_Rico\" >Puerto Rico<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1912\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/First_Balkan_War\" >First Balkan War<\/a>: The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hellenic_Army\" >Greek Army<\/a> liberates the city of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kozani\" >Kozani<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1899\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Second_Boer_War\" >Second Boer War<\/a> begins: In South Africa, a war between the United Kingdom and the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Boers\" >Boers<\/a> of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/South_African_Republic\" >Transvaal<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Orange_Free_State\" >Orange Free State<\/a> erupts.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1865\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Paul_Bogle\" >Paul Bogle<\/a> led hundreds of black men and women in a march in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jamaica\" >Jamaica<\/a>, starting the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Morant_Bay_rebellion\" >Morant Bay rebellion<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1864\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Campina_Grande\" >Campina Grande<\/a>, Brazil, is established as a city.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1833\u00a0 <\/strong>A big demonstration at the gates of the legislature of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Buenos_Aires\" >Buenos Aires<\/a> forces the ousting of governor <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Juan_Ram%C3%B3n_Balcarce\" >Juan Ram\u00f3n Balcarce<\/a> and his replacement with <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Juan_Jos%C3%A9_Viamonte\" >Juan Jos\u00e9 Viamonte<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1811\u00a0 <\/strong>Inventor <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/John_Stevens_%28inventor%29\" >John Stevens<\/a>\u2018 boat, the <em>Juliana<\/em>, begins operation as the first <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Steam\" >steam<\/a>-powered <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ferry\" >ferry<\/a> (service between New York City, New York, and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hoboken,_New_Jersey\" >Hoboken, New Jersey<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>OCTOBER 12<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>2005\u00a0 <\/strong>The second Chinese <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Human_spaceflight\" >human spaceflight<\/a> <em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shenzhou_6\" >Shenzhou 6<\/a><\/em> launched carrying <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/F%C3%A8i_J%C3%B9nl%C3%B3ng\" >F\u00e8i J\u00f9nl\u00f3ng<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ni%C3%A8_H%C7%8Eish%C3%A8ng\" >Ni\u00e8 H\u01ceish\u00e8ng<\/a> for five days in orbit.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2002\u00a0 <\/strong>Terrorists <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2002_Bali_bombings\" >detonate bombs<\/a> in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sari_Club\" >Sari Club<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kuta\" >Kuta<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bali\" >Bali<\/a>, killing 202 and wounding over 300.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2000\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/USS_Cole_%28DDG-67%29\" >USS <em>Cole<\/em><\/a> is badly damaged in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aden,_Yemen\" >Aden, Yemen<\/a>, by two <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/USS_Cole_bombing\" >suicide bombers<\/a>, killing 17 crew members and wounding at least 39.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1999\u00a0 <\/strong>The former Autonomous Soviet Republic of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Abkhazia\" >Abkhazia<\/a> declares its independence from <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Georgia_%28country%29\" >Georgia<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>1999\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pervez_Musharraf\" >Pervez Musharraf<\/a> takes power in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pakistan\" >Pakistan<\/a> from <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nawaz_Sharif\" >Nawaz Sharif<\/a> through a bloodless <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1999_Pakistani_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat\" >coup<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1997\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sidi_Daoud_massacre\" >Sidi Daoud massacre<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Algeria\" >Algeria<\/a> that killed 43 at a fake roadblock.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Sidi Daoud massacre:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/dictionary.sensagent.com\/List%20of%20massacres%20in%20Algeria\/en-en\/\" >List of massacres in Algeria \u2013 Sensagent.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/wn.com\/sidi_daoud_massacre\" >Sidi Daoud Massacre \u2013 Video (4 min. 57 sec.) \u2013 WN.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.genocidewatch.org\/algeria.html\" >Algeria \u2013 Genocide Watch<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.academia.edu\/11792277\/Evidence_of_Genocide_in_Algeria\" >Evidence of Genocide in Algeria, uploaded by Kevin Galalae \u2013 Academia.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/defence.pk\/threads\/mass-genocide-of-algerians-libyans-by-french-italians-supremacist-imperialist.288173\/\" >Mass Genocide of Algerians, Libyans by French &amp; Italian Supremacist Imperialist \u2013 Defence.pk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/europe\/2011\/12\/20111223223922279.html\" >Turkey accuses France of genocide in Algeria \u2013 24 Dec 2011 \u2013 AlJazeera.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Algeria:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ciaworldfactbook.us\/africa\/algeria.html\" >Algeria \u2013 The World Factbook \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.un.org\/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=Algeria\" >Algeria \u2013 Data \u2013 UN Data<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Algeria\" >Algeria \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/algeria.html\" >Algeria \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/algeria\/\" >Algeria \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-14118852\" >Algeria country profile \u2013 Overview \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Foreign Relations of Algeria:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_Algeria\" >Foreign relations of Algeria \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cfr.org\/region\/algeria\/ri354\" >Algeria \u2013 Council on Foreign Relations \u2013 CFR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/r\/pa\/ei\/bgn\/8005.htm\" >US Relations with Algeria \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/military\/world\/algeria\/forrel.htm\" >Algeria \u2013 Foreign Relations \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.arso.org\/Algerian_Foreign_Policy.doc\" >Some elements about the Algerian Foreign Policy<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ctc.usma.edu\/posts\/algerian-foreign-policy-in-the-context-of-the-arab-spring\" >ALGERIAN FOREIGN POLICY IN THE CONTEXT OF THE ARAB SPRING, by Anouar Boukhars \u2013 January 14, 2013 \u2013 USMA.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/country-facts.com\/en\/country\/africa\/35-algeria\/69-algeria-foreign-relations-a-military.pdf\" >Algeria \u2013 Foreign Relations &amp; Military \u2013 Country-Facts.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Algeria and the United Nations:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.un.int\/algeria\/\" >Permanent Mission of Algeria to the United Nations, New York<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/embassy-finder.com\/algeria_in_geneva_switzerland\" >Permanent Mission to the United Nations of Algeria in Geneva<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of Algeria:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Algeria\" >History of Algeria \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/algeria-history.html\" >Algeria \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.algeria.com\/history\/\" >A Synopsis of Algeria\u2019s History \u2013 Algeria.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/algeria\/history\" >Algeria \u2013 History \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nationsonline.org\/oneworld\/History\/Algeria-history.htm\" >History of Algeria \u2013 NationsOnline.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyworld.net\/wrldhis\/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=ac92\" >HISTORY OF ALGERIA \u2013 HistoryWorld.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Algerian_War\" >Algerian War (of Independence) \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Algerian_Civil_War\" >Algerian Civil War \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.everyculture.com\/A-Bo\/Algeria.html\" >Culture of Algeria \u2013 EveryCulture.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Culture_of_Algeria\" >Culture of Algeria \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/africanhistory.about.com\/od\/algeria\/l\/Bl-Algeria-Timeline-1.htm\" >Algeria Timeline \u2013 Part I: Prehistory to Colonization<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Economy of Algeria:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_Algeria\" >Economy of Algeria \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/algeria-economy.html\" >Algeria \u2013 Economy \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.algeria.com\/economy\/\" >Algeria \u2013 Economy \u2013 Algeria.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/algeria\" >Algeria \u2013 The Heritage Foundation<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/country\/algeria\/overview\" >Algeria \u2013 Overview \u2013 THE WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/algeria\" >Algeria \u2013 Data \u2013 THE WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1992\u00a0 <\/strong>\u201c<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1992_Cairo_earthquake\" >1992 Cairo earthquake<\/a>\u201d, Egypt. At least 510 died.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1991\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Askar_Akayev\" >Askar Akayev<\/a>, previously chosen <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/President_of_Kyrgyzstan\" >President of Kyrgyzstan<\/a> by republic\u2019s <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Supreme_Soviet\" >Supreme Soviet<\/a>, is confirmed president in an uncontested poll.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1988\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Birchandra_Manu_massacre\" >Birchandra Manu massacre<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tripura\" >Tripura<\/a>, India<\/p>\n<p><strong>1988\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jaffna_University_Helidrop\" >Jaffna University Helidrop<\/a>: Commandos of Indian Peace Keeping Force raided the Jaffna University campus to capture the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/LTTE\" >LTTE<\/a> chief and walked into a trap.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1986\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Elizabeth_II_of_the_United_Kingdom\" >Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Prince_Philip,_Duke_of_Edinburgh\" >Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh<\/a> visit the People\u2019s Republic of China<\/p>\n<p><strong>1985\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-united-states-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >US performs nuclear test<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nevada_Test_Site\" >Nevada Test Site<\/a>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_United_States\" >List of the nuclear weapons tests of the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fas.org\/nuke\/guide\/usa\/facility\/nts.htm\" >NEVADA TEST SITE \u2013 FAS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/wmd\/facility\/nts.htm\" >NEVADA TEST SITE \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.onlinenevada.org\/articles\/nevada-test-site-overview\" >Nevada Test Site Overview \u2013 OnlineNevada.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/about\/projects\/archive\/nucweapons\/nts\" >Nuclear testing at the Nevada Test Site \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/toxipedia.org\/display\/wanmec\/Nevada+Test+Site\" >Nevada Test Site \u2013 Toxipedia.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/digital.library.unlv.edu\/ntsohp\/\" >Nevada Test Site \u2013 Oral History Project<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nv.doe.gov\/library\/publications\/Environmental\/DOENV_11718_594.pdf\" >ECOLOGY OF THE NEVADA TEST SITE: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nevadatestsite.info\/\" >Nevada Test Site Workers Exposed to Radiation \u2013 National Cancer Benefits Center \u2013 NevadaTestSite.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/about\/projects\/archive\/nucweapons\/50\" >50 Facts About the US Nuclear Weapons \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Usa\/Tests\/\" >Gallery of US Nuclear Tests \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.acq.osd.mil\/ncbdp\/nm\/nm_book_5_11\/index.htm\" >The Nuclear Matters Handbook<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1984\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Brighton_hotel_bombing\" >Brighton hotel bombing<\/a>: The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Provisional_Irish_Republican_Army\" >Provisional Irish Republican Army<\/a> attempt to assassinate <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom\" >Prime Minister<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Margaret_Thatcher\" >Margaret Thatcher<\/a> and her cabinet. Thatcher escapes but the bomb kills five people and wounds 31.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1973\u00a0 <\/strong>Japan\u2019s former Prime Minister <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tanaka_Kakuei\" >Tanaka Kakuei<\/a> is found guilty of taking a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lockheed_bribery_scandals\" >$2 million bribe<\/a> from <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lockheed_Corporation\" >Lockheed<\/a> and is sentenced to four years in jail.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1979\u00a0 <\/strong>The lowest recorded non-tornadic atmospheric pressure, 87.0 kPa (870 mbar or 25.69 inHg), occurred in the Western Pacific during <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Typhoon_Tip\" >Typhoon Tip<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1979\u00a0 <\/strong><em>The Hitchhiker\u2019s Guide to the Galaxy<\/em>, the first of five books in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Hitchhiker%27s_Guide_to_the_Galaxy\" >Hitchhiker\u2019s Guide to the Galaxy<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Comic_science_fiction\" >comedy science fiction<\/a> series by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Douglas_Adams\" >Douglas Adams<\/a> is published<\/p>\n<p><strong>1970\u00a0 <\/strong>Vietnam War: US President <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Richard_Nixon\" >Richard Nixon<\/a> announces that the United States will withdraw 40,000 more troops before <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Christmas\" >Christmas<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>1968\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Equatorial_Guinea\" >Equatorial Guinea<\/a> becomes independent from Spain<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Equatorial Guinea:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/geos\/ek.html\" >Equatorial Guinea \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.africa.upenn.edu\/Country_Specific\/Eq_Guinea.html\" >Equatorial Guinea Page \u2013 African Studies Center \u2013 UPENN.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Equatorial-Guinea\" >Equatorial Guinea \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/equatorial-guinea.html\" >Equatorial Guinea \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.encyclopedia.com\/topic\/Equatorial_Guinea.aspx\" >Equatorial Guinea \u2013 Encyclopedia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.un.org\/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=Equatorial%20Guinea\" >Equatorial Guinea \u2013 UN Data \u2013 UN.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/travel.nationalgeographic.com\/travel\/countries\/equatorial-guinea-facts\/\" >Equatorial Guinea Facts \u2013 National Geographic<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-13317174\" >Equatorial Guinea country profile \u2013 Overview \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Foreign Relations of Equatorial Guinea:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_Equatorial_Guinea\" >Foreign relations of Equatorial Guinea \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/r\/pa\/ei\/bgn\/7221.htm\" >US Relations with Equatorial Guinea \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of Equatorial Guinea:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Equatorial_Guinea\" >History of Equatorial Guinea \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/equatorial-guinea\/history\" >Equatorial Guinea \u2013 History \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyworld.net\/wrldhis\/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=ad38\" >HISTORY OF EQUATORIAL GUINEA \u2013 HistoryWorld.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/africanhistory.about.com\/od\/equatorialguinea\/p\/EuGuineaHist.htm\" >A Brief History of Equatorial Guinea \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/equatorial-guinea-history.html\" >Equatorial Guinea \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.iexplore.com\/travel-guides\/africa\/equatorial-guinea\/history-and-culture\" >Equatorial Guinea \u2013 History and Culture \u2013 Iexplore.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Economy of Equatorial Guinea:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_Equatorial_Guinea\" >Economy of Equatorial Guinea \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/country\/equatorialguinea\" >Equatorial Guinea \u2013 THE WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/equatorial-guinea\" >Equatorial Guinea \u2013 Data \u2013 THE WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/equatorialguinea\" >Equatorial Guinea \u2013 The Heritage Foundation<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.africaneconomicoutlook.org\/en\/country-notes\/central-africa\/equatorial-guinea\/\" >Equatorial Guinea \u2013 African Economy Outlook \u2013 AfricanEconomyOutlook.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/equatorial-guinea-economy.html\" >Equatorial Guinea \u2013 Economy \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1967\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vietnam_War\" >Vietnam War<\/a>: US Secretary of State <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dean_Rusk\" >Dean Rusk<\/a> states during a news conference that proposals by the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States_Congress\" >US Congress<\/a> for peace initiatives are futile because of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/North_Vietnam\" >North Vietnam<\/a>\u2018s opposition.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Vietnam War in 1967:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1967_in_the_Vietnam_War\" >1967 in the Vietnam War &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Dean Rusk\u2019s Criticism on Oct 12, 1967:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/dean-rusk-criticizes-congress-while-fighting-continues-in-south-vietnam\" >OCT 12, 1967: ON THIS DAY IN HISTORY: Dean Rusk criticizes Congress while fighting continues in South Vietnam \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Viet Nam War and Pertinent Events:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.digitalhistory.uh.edu\/disp_textbook.cfm?smtID=2&amp;psid=3470\" >Chronology of Viet Nam War and Pertinent Events \u2013 Digital History \u2013 DigitalHistory.UH.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyplace.com\/unitedstates\/vietnam\/index-1965.html\" >The Vietnam War \u2013 The Jungle War 1965 \u2013 1968 \u2013 The History Place \u2013 HistoryPlace.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.atvaudio.com\/ata_vietnamwar.php\" >The VIETNAM WAR: US Involvement &amp; Escalation \u2013 ARCHIVAL TELEVISION AUDIO Inc. \u2013 RESEARCH REPORT \u2013 PART ONE \u2013 April 23, 1961 \u2013 May 27, 1968 \u2013 ATVAudio.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.english.illinois.edu\/maps\/vietnam\/anderson.htm\" >The Diplomatic Course of the Vietnam War, by David L Anderson \u2013 Illinois.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.u-s-history.com\/pages\/h1888.html\" >America\u2019s Vietnam War in Indochina \u2013 U-S-History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/history.state.gov\/historicaldocuments\/frus1964-68v07\/sources\" >Foreign Relations of the United States, 1964-1968, Volume VII, Vietnam, September 1968-January 1969 \u2013 OFFICE of the HISTORIAN \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.allempires.com\/article\/index.php?q=britain_tet_offensive\" >Britain and the Tet Offensive 1967-1968: A \u2018Turning Point\u2019 in British Foreign Policy? \u2013 All Empires \u2013 AllEmpires.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Vietnam War Peace Talks\/Negotiations:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/alphahistory.com\/vietnam\/vietnam-warpeace-talks\/\" >Vietnam War peace talks \u2013 DM BABYBONUS PROGRAM \u2013 Alpha History \u2013 AlphaHistory.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.academia.edu\/2378840\/The_1968_Paris_Peace_Negotiations_A_Two_Level_Game\" >The 1968 Paris Peace Negotiations: A Two Level Game \u2013 Academia.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.truth-out.org\/progressivepicks\/item\/13994-how-richard-nixon-sabotaged-1968-vietnam-peace-talks-to-get-elected-president\" >How Richard Nixon Sabotaged 1968 Vietnam Peace Talks to Get Elected President, by Robert Parry \u2013 18 January 2013 \u2013 Truth-Out.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>For and Anti-Vietnam War Movements:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lexisnexis.com\/documents\/academic\/upa_cis\/16501_LBJAdminAnti-VietnamActsPt1.pdf\" >The Johnson Administration\u2019s Response to Anti-Vietnam War Activities \u2013 RESEARCH COLLECTIONS IN AMERICAN POLITICS \u2013 pdf -LexisNexis.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lexisnexis.com\/documents\/academic\/upa_cis\/16501_LBJAdminAnti-VietnamActsPt1.pdf\" >VETNAM, THE MEDIA, AND PUBLIC SUPPORT FOR THE WAR \u2013 The Presidential Documents Series \u2013 UNIVERSITY PUBLICATIONS OF AMERICA \u2013 pdf \u2013 LexisNexis.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lib.berkeley.edu\/MRC\/pacificaviet.html\" >The Pacifica Radio\/UC Berkeley Social Activism Sound Recording Project: Anti-Vietnam War Protests in the San Francisco Bay Area &amp; Beyond \u2013 Lib.Berkeley.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1964\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soviet_Union\" >Soviet Union<\/a> launches the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Voskhod_1\" >Voskhod 1<\/a> into Earth orbit as the first spacecraft with a multi-person crew and the first flight without <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Space_suit\" >space suits<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>1963\u00a0 <\/strong>After nearly 23 years of imprisonment, Reverend <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Walter_Ciszek\" >Walter Ciszek<\/a>, a Jesuit missionary, was released from the Soviet Union.<\/p>\n<p><strong>19<\/strong><strong>62\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-united-states-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >US performs nuclear test<\/a> (atmospheric) at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nevada_Test_Site\" >Nevada Test Site<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Atmospheric Nuclear Testing at the Nevada Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.onlinenevada.org\/articles\/atmospheric-nuclear-testing-nevada-test-site\" >Atmospheric Nuclear Testing at the Nevada Site \u2013 onlinenevada.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Atmospheric\/High-altitude Nuclear Explosion Testing:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/High-altitude_nuclear_explosion\" >Atmospheric nuclear explosion \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/hane.html\" >High-altitude nuclear explosions, by Wm Robert Johnston \u2013 JohnstonsArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/history-of-nuclear-testing\/types-of-nuclear-weapons-tests\/\" >\u201c<em>Atmospheric testing refers to explosions which take place in the atmosphere<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 TYPES OF NUCLEA WEAPONS TESTS \u2013 CTBTO.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/zvis.com\/nuclear\/ndb\/usnuks.shtml\" >US Atmospheric Nuclear Test Page \u2013 Nuclear Weapons \u2013 Zvis.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Atmospheric Nuclear Tests of the United States and Radioactive Fallout:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.onlinenevada.org\/articles\/atmospheric-nuclear-testing-nevada-test-site\" >Atmospheric Nuclear Testing at the Nevada Site \u2013 OnlineNevada.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.abomb1.org\/atmosphr\/index.html\" >The Years of Atmospheric Testing 1945-1963 \u2013 Trinity Atomic Web Site \u2013 Abomb1.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/hane.html\" >High-altitude nuclear explosions \u2013 JohnstonArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gpo.gov\/fdsys\/pkg\/CHRG-105shrg44045\/pdf\/CHRG-105shrg44045.pdf\" >RADIOACTIVE FALLOUT FROM NUCLEAR TESTING AT NEVADA TEST SITE, 1950-60 \u2013 GPO.gov \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.publichealth.va.gov\/epidemiology\/studies\/cancer-mortality-nuclear-weapons-tests.asp\" >Cancer Mortality at the US Nuclear Weapons Tests \u2013 US Department of Veterans Affairs \u2013 VA.gov<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fmd-inc.org\/durbin\/interest\/Atomic%20Tests\/Atmospheric%20Nuclear%20Testing.htm\" >Atmospheric Nuclear Testing and The US Navy \u2013 A BILIOGRAPHY \u2013 FMD-INC.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nceh\/radiation\/fallout\/RF-GWT_home.htm\" >Feasibility Study of Weapons Testing Fallout \u2013 CDC.gov<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.radiochemistry.org\/history\/nuke_tests\/index.shtml\" >\u201c<em>Between 16 July 1945 and 23 September 1992 the United States of America conducted (by official count) 1054 nuclear tests, and two nuclear attacks\u2026.These pages focus principally (although not exclusively) on the period from 16 July 1945 to 4 November 1962, the era of atmospheric testing<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 RADIOCHEMISTORY SOCIETY \u2013 US NUCLEAR TESTS \u2013 Info Gallery \u2013 Radiochemistry.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theatlantic.com\/photo\/2011\/05\/when-we-tested-nuclear-bombs\/100061\/\" >When We Tested Nuclear Bombs, by Alan Taylor \u2013 May 06, 2011 \u2013 TheAtlantic.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.falloutradiation.com\/files\/JohnWayne.pdf\" >US ATMOSPHERIC NUCLEAR TESTING \u2013 The Connection Between John Wayne and Radioactive Fallout, and Other Tales, by Bruce W Church \u2013 October 22, 2000 \u2013 FalloutRadiation.com \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/boingboing.net\/2015\/06\/06\/marshall-islands-sues-9-superp.html\" >Marshall Islands, site of largest-ever U.S. nuclear weapons test, sues 9 superpowers including USA \u2013 June 6, 2015 \u2013 BoingDoing.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=wA8z94MXo9M\" >YouTube video (13 min. 49 sec.): Declassified US Nuclear Test Film #55<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=R7mBVfQlIj0\" >YouTube video (14 min. 35 sec.): High-altitude Atomic Tests \u2013 Operation Dominic parts 1-2 \u2013 1962<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Nuclear Weapons and the United States:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nuclear_weapons_and_the_United_States\" >Nuclear Weapons and the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/us\/2014\/231697.htm\" >Nuclear Weapons Testing: History, Progress, Challenges: Verifications and Entry into Force of the CTBT \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/avc\/rls\/202015.htm\" >US Nuclear Weapons Stockpile Life Extension Programs \u2013 January 3, 2013 \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/research\/articles\/2014\/04\/28-50-nuclear-facts\" >50 Facts About US Nuclear Weapons Today \u2013 April 28, 2014 \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/research\/lecture\/2012\/08\/the-future-of-the-us-nuclear-triad\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Program, by Michaela Dodge \u2013 The Heritage Foundation<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.armscontrol.org\/act\/1997_05\/nas\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Policy \u2013 Arms Control Association<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252183576_The_Future_of_the_U.S._Nuclear_Weapons_Program\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Program, by Linton F. Brooks \u2013 ResearchGate.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/us\/2014\/233254.htm\" >US Nuclear Weapons Policy in the 21<sup>st<\/sup> Century \u2013 Rose Gottemoeller, Under Secretary\u00a0for Arms Control and International Security, \u00a0Dixie State University, St. George, Utah \u2013 October 21, 2014 \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>US Nuclear Tests at Nevada Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_United_States\" >List of the nuclear weapons tests of the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nuclear_weapons_and_the_United_States\" >Nuclear Weapons and the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.atomcentral.com\/the-cold-war.aspx\" >The Cold War \u2013 AtomCentral.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fas.org\/nuke\/guide\/usa\/facility\/nts.htm\" >NEVADA TEST SITE \u2013 FAS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/wmd\/facility\/nts.htm\" >NEVADA TEST SITE \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.onlinenevada.org\/articles\/nevada-test-site-overview\" >Nevada Test Site Overview \u2013 OnlineNevada.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/about\/projects\/archive\/nucweapons\/nts\" >Nuclear testing at the Nevada Test Site \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/toxipedia.org\/display\/wanmec\/Nevada+Test+Site\" >Nevada Test Site \u2013 Toxipedia.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/digital.library.unlv.edu\/ntsohp\/\" >Nevada Test Site \u2013 Oral History Project<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/archure.net\/liberty\/nukenevada.html\" >NUKE TESTING in NEVADA \u2013 Archure.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nv.doe.gov\/library\/publications\/Environmental\/DOENV_11718_594.pdf\" >ECOLOGY OF THE NEVADA TEST SITE: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nevadatestsite.info\/\" >Nevada Test Site Workers Exposed to Radiation \u2013 National Cancer Benefits Center \u2013 NevadaTestSite.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/about\/projects\/archive\/nucweapons\/50\" >50 Facts About the US Nuclear Weapons \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Usa\/Tests\/\" >Gallery of US Nuclear Tests \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.acq.osd.mil\/ncbdp\/nm\/nm_book_5_11\/index.htm\" >The Nuclear Matters Handbook<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Ecological and Health Issues in and around the Nevada Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/cdclv.unlv.edu\/healthnv\/environment.html\" >Environment and the Quality of Life in Nevada \u2013 UNLV.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nv.doe.gov\/library\/publications\/Environmental\/DOENV_11718_594.pdf\" ><em>ECONLGOY OF THE NEVADA TEST SITE: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY WITH NARRATIVE SUMMARY, KEY WORD INDEX, AND SPECIES LISTS<\/em> \u2013 DOE\/NEV\/11718-594<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.osti.gov\/scitech\/biblio\/6458066\" ><em>Nevada Applied Ecology Information Center: a review of technical information support provided to the Nevada Applied Ecology Group<\/em> \u2013 Sci-Tech Connect<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/ecologycenter.org\/terrainmagazine\/summer-2002\/sovereignty-at-shoshone-mountain\/\" >\u201c<em>Between 1951 and 1992, the United States bombed its own soil with nuclear weapons \u2014 945 times. All but 17 of those explosions took place on a stretch of basin-and-range desert northwest of Las Vegas called the Nevada Test Site (NTS),\u2026<\/em>\u201d \u2013 Sovereignty at Shoshone Mountain \u2013 EcologyCenter.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.princeton.edu\/%7Eota\/disk1\/1989\/8909\/8909.PDF\" ><em>The Containment of Underground Nuclear Explosions<\/em> \u2013 Princeton.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nevadatestsite.info\/\" >Nevada Test Site Workers Exposed to Radiation \u2013 National Cancer Benefits Center<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1961<\/strong><strong>\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> (atmospheric) at Eastern Kazakh\/<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Semipalatinsk_Test_Site\" >Semipalitinsk<\/a> USSR.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>USSR Nuclear Test in 1961:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1961_Soviet_nuclear_tests\" >1961 Soviet nuclear tests &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>USSR\u2019s Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovwpnprog.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/tests\/USSR-ntestsS.html\" >Database of nuclear tests, USSR\/Russia: overview \u2013 JohnstonArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Effect and\/or Impact of Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/page-3-effects-of-nuclear-weapon-testing-by-the-soviet-union\/\" >Page 3: Effects of Nuclear Weapon Testing by the Soviet Union \u2013 Economic, social, and environmental impacts \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/general-overview-of-theeffects-of-nuclear-testing\/\" >GENERAL OVERVIEW OF THE EFFECTS OF NUCLEAR TESTING \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/slashdot.org\/story\/13\/08\/20\/1738213\/the-secret-effort-to-clean-up-a-former-soviet-nuclear-test-site\" >The Secret Effort To Clean Up a Former Soviet Nuclear Test Site \u2013 Slashdot.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/citeseerx.ist.psu.edu\/viewdoc\/summary?doi=10.1.1.543.8580\" >A Review of Nuclear Testing by the Soviet Union at Novaya, by Vitaly I. Khalturin , Tatyana G. Rautian , Paul G. Richards , and William S. Leith \u2013 CiteSeerX- PSU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Soviet Atmospheric Nuclear Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovatmtest.html\" >Soviet Atmospheric Tests \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/zvis.com\/nuclear\/ndb\/ussrnuks.shtml\" >USSR Atmospheric Nuclear Tests Database \u2013 Zvis.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovwpnprog.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/tests\/USSR-ntestsS.html\" >Database of nuclear tests, USSR\/Russia: overview \u2013 JohnstonArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/soviet_nuclear_testing_semipalatinsk_20th_anniversary\/24311518.html\" >Slow Death of Kazakhstan\u2019s Land Of Nuclear Tests \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty \u2013 RFRL.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/large.stanford.edu\/courses\/2014\/ph241\/powell2\/docs\/vakulchuk.pdf\" >Semipalitinsk nuclear testing: the humanitarian consequences \u2013 Norwegian Institute of International Affairs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thebulletin.org\/lasting-toll-semipalatinsks-nuclear-testing\" >The lasting toll of Semipalitinsk\u2019s nuclear testing \u2013 TheBulletin.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/12566948_External_doses_of_residents_near_Semipalatinsk_nuclear_test_site\" >External Doses of Residents near Semipalitinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 ResearchGate.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.irpa.net\/irpa10\/cdrom\/00504.pdf\" >Radiation Exposure on Residents due to Semipalitinsk Nuclear Tests \u2013 IRPA.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.boston.com\/bigpicture\/2009\/11\/kazakhstans_radioactive_legacy.html\" >Kazakhstan\u2019s radioactive legacy \u2013 Boston.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/wn.com\/semipalatinsk_test_site\" >\u201cMy home: nuclear base Semipalatinsk \u2013 21\u201d, Episode 02 \u201cMain Testing Field\u201d (Video: 3 min. 14 sec.) \u2013 WN.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/soviet_nuclear_testing_semipalatinsk_20th_anniversary\/24311518.html\" >Slow Death In Kazakhstan\u2019s Land Of Nuclear Tests \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/carlwillis.wordpress.com\/2012\/08\/13\/visit-to-the-semipalatinsk-nuclear-test-site\/\" >Visit to the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 SPEICAL NUCLEAR MATERIAL<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www-ns.iaea.org\/appraisals\/semipalatinsk.asp\" >The Semipalatinsk Test Site, Kazakhstan \u2013 IAEA.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nti.org\/facilities\/732\/\" >Semipalatinsk Test Site \u2013 NTI.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/io9.com\/5988266\/the-tragic-story-of-the-semipalatinsk-nuclear-test-site\" >The Tragic Story of the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site, by Vincze Mikl\u00f3s \u2013 io9.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/Sixty_Years_After_First_Soviet_Nuclear_Test_Legacy_Of_Misery_Lives_On\/1809712.html\" >60 Years After First Soviet Nuclear Test, Legacy Of Misery Lives On In Kazakhstan \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty \u2013 Monday, August 10, 2015 \u2013 RFERL.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/2\/hi\/8236431.stm\" >Soviet nuclear tests leave Kazakh fallout \u2013 Sunday, 6 September 2009 \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/wp-dyn\/content\/story\/2010\/02\/24\/ST2010022403314.html?sid=ST2010022403314\" >In Kazakhstan, the race for uranium goes nuclear, by Philip P. Pan \u2013 Thursday, February 25, 2005 \u2013 The Washington Post<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclearno.com\/text.asp?17456\" >Secrets of Semipalatinsk: How nuclear theft was averted in Central Asia \u2013 NuclearNo.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/listverse.com\/2012\/05\/15\/top-10-nuclear-test-sites\/\" >Top 10 Nuclear Test Sites, Michael Affleck, May 15, 2012 \u2013 Our World \u2013 ListVerse.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Health, and Ecological Issues in Kazakhstan\/Semipalatinsk:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/reference.allrefer.com\/country-guide-study\/kazakhstan\/kazakhstan17.html\" >Kazakstan\/Kazakhstan \u2013 Environmental Problems \u2013 Reference.AllRefer.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclear-risks.org\/fileadmin\/user_upload\/pdfs\/HBWW_EN\/Semipalatinsk_EN_web.pdf\" >\u201cIn Semipalatinsk, the local population was exposed to high levels of radioactivity from nuclear weapon tests for several decades\u2026\u201d \u2013 Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: Nuclear test site \u2013 Nuclear-Risk.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/large.stanford.edu\/courses\/2014\/ph241\/powell2\/docs\/vakulchuk.pdf\" >Semipalatinsk nuclear testing: the humanitarian consequences \u2013 Norwegian Institute of International Affairs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclearfiles.org\/menu\/key-issues\/nuclear-weapons\/issues\/testing\/PDFs\/JC-143920%5B1%5D.pdf\" >Radionuclide Contamination at Kazakhstan\u2019s Semipalatinsk Test Site Implications on Human and Ecological Heath, by T.M. Carlsen, L.E. Peterson, B.A. Ulsh, C.A. Werner, K.L.Purvis, A.C. Sharber<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.irpa.net\/irpa10\/cdrom\/00504.pdf\" >Radiation Exposure on Residents due to Semipalatinsk Nuclear Tests \u2013 IRPA.net<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nukefreetexas.org\/downloads\/plutominum_uranium_semipalatinsk_test_site.pdf\" >Plutonium and Uranium in Human Bones from Areas surrounding the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 NukeFreeTexas.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.csmonitor.com\/World\/Asia-South-Central\/2013\/0828\/Secrets-of-Semipalatinsk-How-nuclear-theft-was-averted-in-Central-Asia\" >\u201cTheir research done on sample villages near the test site found cancer mortality rates 2-1\/2 times greater than those in a control village. The agency says some 356,000 people face radiation risk, with 70 percent of those being descendants of exposed villagers\u2026\u201d \u2013 Secrets of Semipalatinsk: How nuclear theft was averted in Central Asia \u2013 The Christian Science Monitor<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/cajgh.pitt.edu\/ojs\/index.php\/cajgh\/article\/view\/127\/0\" >Studies of Health Effects from Nuclear Testing near the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site Kazakhstan, by Bernd Grosche, Tamara Zhunussova, Kazbek Apsalikov, Ausrele Kesminiene<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.idosi.org\/wasj\/wasj23%285%2913\/19.pdf\" >Information Report on Biological Studies Conducted At the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 IDOSI.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/europepmc.org\/articles\/PMC3866702\" >Mortality from Cardiovascular Disease in the Semipalatinsk Historical Cohort, 1960 \u2013 1999, and its Relationship to Radiation Exposure \u2013 Europe PubMed Central<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1960\u00a0 <\/strong>Television viewers in Japan unexpectedly witness the assassination of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Inejiro_Asanuma\" >Inejiro Asanuma<\/a>, leader of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Japan_Socialist_Party\" >Japan Socialist Party<\/a>, when he is stabbed and killed during a live broadcast.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1960\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cold_War\" >Cold War<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nikita_Khrushchev\" >Nikita Khrushchev<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shoe-banging_incident\" >pounds his shoe on a desk<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Nations\" >United Nations<\/a> General Assembly meeting to protest a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Philippine\" >Philippine<\/a> assertion of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soviet_Union\" >Soviet Union<\/a> colonial policy being conducted in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eastern_Europe\" >Eastern Europe<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>1959\u00a0 <\/strong>At the national congress of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alianza_Popular_Revolucionaria_Americana\" >APRA<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Peru\" >Peru<\/a> a group of leftist radicals are expelled from the party. They will later form <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/APRA_Rebelde\" >APRA Rebelde<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1958\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> (atmospheric) at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Novaya_Zemlya\" >Novaya Zemlya<\/a> USSR.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>USSR Nuclear Tests in 1958:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1958_Soviet_nuclear_tests\" >1958 Soviet nuclear tests &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of the nuclear test of the Soviet Union \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Soviet Atmospheric Nuclear Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovatmtest.html\" >Soviet Atmospheric Tests \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/zvis.com\/nuclear\/ndb\/ussrnuks.shtml\" >USSR Atmospheric Nuclear Tests Database \u2013 Zvis.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovwpnprog.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/tests\/USSR-ntestsS.html\" >Database of nuclear tests, USSR\/Russia: overview \u2013 JohnstonArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/soviet_nuclear_testing_semipalatinsk_20th_anniversary\/24311518.html\" >Slow Death of Kazakhstan\u2019s Land Of Nuclear Tests \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty \u2013 RFRL.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/large.stanford.edu\/courses\/2014\/ph241\/powell2\/docs\/vakulchuk.pdf\" >Semipalitinsk nuclear testing: the humanitarian consequences \u2013 Norwegian Institute of International Affairs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thebulletin.org\/lasting-toll-semipalatinsks-nuclear-testing\" >The lasting toll of Semipalitinsk\u2019s nuclear testing \u2013 TheBulletin.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/12566948_External_doses_of_residents_near_Semipalatinsk_nuclear_test_site\" >External Doses of Residents near Semipalitinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 ResearchGate.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.irpa.net\/irpa10\/cdrom\/00504.pdf\" >Radiation Exposure on Residents due to Semipalitinsk Nuclear Tests \u2013 IRPA.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Novaya Zemlya Nuclear Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/wmd\/world\/russia\/novaya_zemlya_nuc.htm\" >Novaya Zemlya \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.atlasobscura.com\/places\/novaya-zemlya\" >NOVAYA ZEMLYA \u2013 AtlasObscura.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.giantbomb.com\/novaya-zemlya\/3035-3167\/\" >Novaya Zemlya \u2013 GiantBomb.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.arkcode.com\/custom3_64.html\" >NOVA ZEMLYA (NOVAYA ZEMLYA) 58 MEGA TON H BOMB TEST \u2013 ArkCode.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nti.org\/facilities\/924\/\" >Central Test Site of Russia on Novaya Zemlya \u2013 NTI.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www1.american.edu\/ted\/ice\/novalya.htm\" >ICE Case Studies \u2013 Novaya Zemlya, by Carrie McVicker \u2013 American.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/earthobservatory.nasa.gov\/IOTD\/view.php?id=39591\" >Novaya Zemlya Archipelago \u2013 Image \u2013 NASA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/novayazemlya.net\/\" >Novaya Zemlya Archipelago \u2013 NovayaZemlya.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclear-risks.org\/en\/hibakusha-worldwide\/novaya-zemlya.html\" >Novaya Zemlya, Russia \u2013 Nuclear-Risks.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/tass.ru\/en\/russia\/743105\" >Novaya Zemlya: test site for most powerful nuclear bomb ever detonated \u2013 July 31, 2014 \u2013 TASS Russian News Agency<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclearno.com\/text.asp?11073\" >Novaya Zemlya: birds, animals adapt nuclear test site, by Tatyana Sinitsyna \u2013 RIA Novosti, Russia \u2013 15 August 2006<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/of\/1993\/0501\/report.pdf\" >UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOGRPAPHICAL SURVEY \u2013 Physical Environment of the Underground Nuclear Test Site on Novaya Zemlya, Russia, by John R. Matzko \u2013 Open-File Report 93-501 \u2013 Reston, Virginia \u2013 1993<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1945\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Desmond_Doss\" >Desmond Doss<\/a> is the first <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Conscientious_objector\" >conscientious objector<\/a> to receive the US <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Medal_of_Honor\" >Medal of Honor<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Conscientious Objection and Objector:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/conscientious-objector-wins-medal-of-honor\" >OCT 12, 1945: ON THIS DAY IN HISTORY: Conscientious objector wins Medal of Honor \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/girightshotline.org\/en\/military-knowledge-base\/topic\/conscientious-objection-discharge\" >Conscientious Objector Fact Sheet \u2013 GIRightsHotline.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.scn.org\/IP\/sdmcc\/co.htm\" >Who is a Conscientious Objector? \u2013 SCN.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/conscientious-objector.html\" >Conscientious objector \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/conscientious-objector\" >Conscientious objector \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/isme.tamu.edu\/ISME08\/Robinson08.html\" >Integrity and Selective Conscientious Objection, by Paul Robinson \u2013 Graduate School of Public and International Affairs \u2013 University of Ottawa \u2013 TAMU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of Conscientious Objection:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.swarthmore.edu\/library\/peace\/conscientiousobjection\/co%20website\/pages\/HistoryNew.htm\" >BRIEF HISTORY OF CONSCIENTIOUS OBJECTION \u2013 Primary Sources for Research \u2013 Smarthmore.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/pov\/soldiersofconscience\/special_background.php\" >History of Conscientious Objection in the United States \u2013 Backgrounder: Soldiers at War \u2013 PBS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/history.blog.gov.uk\/2014\/09\/30\/conscription-and-conscientious-objection\/\" >Conscription and Conscientious Objection, by Lucy Harris \u2013 30 September 2014 \u2013 History of government<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nationalpeacemuseum.org\/history.html\" >The History of Conscientious Objection \u2013 THE NATIONAL PEACE MUSEUM OF CONSCIENTIOUS OBJECTION AND ANTI-WAR ACTIVISM \u2013 NationalPeaceMuseum.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nzhistory.net.nz\/war\/first-world-war\/conscientious-objection\" >Conscientious objection \u2013 New Zealand History \u2013 NZHistory.net.nz<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mybrethren.org\/history\/framcons.htm\" >Conscientious Objection to Bearing Arms: <em>1943<\/em> \u2013 MyBrethren.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>\u201cConscientious Objection\u201d? : A Case<\/strong><\/em> <em><strong>of an Official\u2019s Religious Belief against the Same Sex Marriage:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.catholicherald.com\/stories\/The-need-for-conscientious-objection,29960\" >\u201c<em>Let\u2019s begin by recognizing that the case of the Kentucky county clerk who refused to issue marriage licenses to same-sex couples because same-sex marriage conflicts with her religious faith raises questions that both sides in this argument need to take seriously<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 The Need for Conscientious Objection, by Russell Shaw \u2013 September 29, 2015 \u2013 CatholicHerald.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thejewishpluralist.net\/2015\/10\/objecting-conscientious-objection-peter-eisenstadt\/\" >\u201c<em>Because when persons in positions of power use that power, on the claim of doing so because their religious beliefs, and deny rights to others, this is not conscientious objection. This is called bigotry. It is something that the Catholic Church knows well<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Objecting Conscientious Objection, by Peter Eisenstadt \u2013 October 1, 2015 \u2013 The Jewish Pluralist<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.americamagazine.org\/content\/all-things\/kim-davis-conscientious-objector\" >Is Kim Davis a Conscientious Objector? \u2013 Ellen K. Boegel \u2013 October 2, 2015 \u2013 AmericaMagainze.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/philpapers.org\/s\/Conscientious%20objection\" >Search results for \u2018Conscientious objection\u2019 \u2013 Phipapers.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1944\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: The Liberation of Athens from the German invaders.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Liberation of Athens from German Occupations:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/hellenicleaders.com\/blog\/amazing-photos-liberation-athens-1944\/#.Vg-1sJeufX5\" >Oct 12 1944 \u2013 Liberation of Athens from the German Occupation \u2013 WorldHistoryProject.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Axis_occupation_of_Greece\" >Axis occupation of Greece \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/National_Liberation_Front_%28Greece%29\" >National Liberation Front (Greece) \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.athenswalk.net\/_\/Photos-2\/Pages\/Liberation-of-Athens-1944.html\" >Liberation of Athens from the German Occupation the 12<sup>th<\/sup> October 1944. \u2013 AthensWalk.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.academia.edu\/8898251\/_12_October_1944._Liberation_Trauma_and_Memorialization_in_Greece\" >12 October 1944. Liberation, Trauma, and Memorialization in Greece, by Tasoula Vervenioti \u2013 Academia.edu \u2013 pdf downloadable<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Photographs and videos on the Liberation of Athens from the German Occupation:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ahistoryofgreece.com\/photos\/liberation.htm\" >Liberation of Athens on 12 October 1944 \u2013 A Photograph \u2013 A History of Greece \u2013 AHistoryOfGreece.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/hellenicleaders.com\/blog\/amazing-photos-liberation-athens-1944\/#.Vg-1sJeufX5\" >Amazing photos and videos of the liberation of Athens in 1944 \u2013 Monday, October 13, 2014 \u2013 HALC \u2013 Hellenic American \u2013 HellenicLeaders.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1942\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_II\" >World War II<\/a>: Japanese ships retreat after their defeat in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Cape_Esperance\" >Battle of Cape Esperance<\/a> with the Japanese commander, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aritomo_Got%C5%8D\" >Aritomo Got\u014d<\/a> dying from wounds suffered in the battle and two Japanese <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Destroyer\" >destroyers<\/a> sunk by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Allies_of_World_War_II\" >Allied<\/a> air attack.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1928\u00a0 <\/strong>An <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Negative_pressure_ventilator\" >iron lung<\/a> respirator is used for the first time at Children\u2019s Hospital, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Boston\" >Boston<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>1917\u00a0 <\/strong>World War I: The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/First_Battle_of_Passchendaele\" >First Battle of Passchendaele<\/a> takes place resulting in the largest single day loss of life in New Zealand history.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1915\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_I\" >World War I<\/a>: British nurse <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Edith_Cavell\" >Edith Cavell<\/a> is executed by a German firing squad for helping <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Allies_of_World_War_I\" >Allied<\/a> soldiers escape from Belgium<\/p>\n<p><strong>1890\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Uddevalla_Suffrage_Association\" >Uddevalla Suffrage Association<\/a> is formed.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1871\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Criminal_Tribes_Act\" >Criminal Tribes Act<\/a> (CTA) enacted by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/British_rule_in_India\" >British rule in India<\/a>, which named over 160 local communities \u2018<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Denotified_Tribes\" >Criminal Tribes<\/a>\u2018, i.e. hereditary criminals. <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Repeal\" >Repealed<\/a> in 1949, after <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Independence_of_India\" >Independence of India<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1823\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Charles_Macintosh\" >Charles Macintosh<\/a> of Scotland sells the first <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Raincoat\" >raincoat<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1822\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pedro_I_of_Brazil\" >Pedro I of Brazil<\/a> is proclaimed the emperor of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Empire_of_Brazil\" >Empire of Brazil<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Empire of Brazil:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_the_Empire_of_Brazil\" >History of the Empire of Brazil \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/brazil\/11.htm\" >BRAZIL \u2013 The Empire 1822-89 \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thebrazilbusiness.com\/article\/history-of-the-empire-of-brazil\" >History of the Empire of Brazil, by Ana Gabriela Verotti Farah \u2013 The Brazil Business \u2013 TheBrazilBusiness.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/almanachdegotha.org\/id8.html\" >Empire of Brazil \u2013 <em>Imp\u00e9rio de Brasil<\/em> \u2013 House of Orleans-Braganza \u2013 AlmanachDeGotha.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.alternatehistory.com\/discussion\/showthread.php?t=65627\" >The Ashes of Empire- A Detailed Analysis of the History of the Empire of Brazil \u2013 May 5th, 1997 \u2013 AlternativeHistory.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.chagala.com\/ibla\/brazil\/timeline.htm\" >Timeline of Brazilian History \u2013 Chagala.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>OCTOBER 13<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>2013\u00a0 <\/strong>A <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2013_Madhya_Pradesh_stampede\" >stampede<\/a> breaks out on a bridge near the Ratangarh Mata Temple in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Datia_district\" >Datia district<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Madhya_Pradesh\" >Madhya Pradesh<\/a>, India during the Hindu festival <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Navratri\" >Navratri<\/a>, killing 115 people and injuring more than 110.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2010\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2010_Copiap%C3%B3_mining_accident\" >2010 Copiap\u00f3 mining accident<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Copiap%C3%B3\" >Copiap\u00f3<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chile\" >Chile<\/a> comes to an end as all 33 miners arrive at the surface after surviving a record 69 days underground awaiting rescue.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1992\u00a0 <\/strong>An <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Antonov_An-124\" >Antonov An-124<\/a> operated by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Antonov_Airlines\" >Antonov Airlines<\/a> registered CCCP-82002, crashes near <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kiev\" >Kiev<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ukraine\" >Ukraine<\/a> killing 8.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1990\u00a0 <\/strong>End of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lebanese_Civil_War\" >Lebanese Civil War<\/a>. <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Syria\" >Syrian<\/a> forces launch an attack on the free areas of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lebanon\" >Lebanon<\/a> removing <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/General_Michel_Aoun\" >General Michel Aoun<\/a> from the presidential palace.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Lebanese Civil War:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/middleeast.about.com\/od\/lebanon\/a\/me081026e.htm\" >Timeline of the Lebanese Civil War: 1975-1990, by Pierre Trsitan \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/war-memorial.net\/Lebanese-Civil-War--3.187\" >Lebanese Civil War: Years 1975-1990 \u2013 The Polynational War Memorial \u2013 War-Memerial.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.encyclopedia.com\/topic\/Lebanese_Civil_War.aspx\" >Lebanese Civil War \u2013 Causes of the War \u2013 Fighting from 1975-1985 \u2013 End of the Civil War \u2013 Bibliography \u2013 Encyclopedia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/military\/world\/war\/lebanon.htm\" >Lebanon (Civil War 1975-1991) \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/lebanon\/27.htm\" >Lebanon \u2013 Civil War \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/fas\/ife\/Documents\/downloads\/series3_2003.pdf\" >The Lebanese Civil War,1975-1990, by Samir Makdisi and Richard Sadaka \u2013 American University of Beirut \u2013 Institute of Financial Economics \u2013 Lecture and Working Paper Series (2003 No.3)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/kulna.wordpress.com\/2012\/01\/22\/the-lebanese-civil-war-1975-1990\/\" >The Lebanese Civil War (1975-1990), by Daniel Mourad Jensen \u2013 Kulna: For All of Us \u2013 WordPress.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/wikis.nyu.edu\/display\/cpeaa\/Lebanon+after+the+1984-1990+civil+war\" >Lebanon after the 1984-1990 civil war \u2013 Wikis.NYU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/kuscholarworks.ku.edu\/bitstream\/handle\/1808\/7408\/Mohti_ku_0099M_10986_DATA_1.pdf?sequence=1\" >THE LEBANESE CIVIL WAR (1975-1990): CAUSES AND COSTS OF CONFLICT, by C2010 \u2013 Zakaria Mounir Mohti \u2013 University of Kansas \u2013 KU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/liberty05.com\/civilwar\/civil4.html\" >Lebanese Civil War 1988-1990 \u2013 Liberty05.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.academia.edu\/5019337\/The_Causes_of_the_Lebanese_Civil_War_1975-1990_From_Cairo_to_Taif_Contents\" >The Causes of the Lebanese Civil War: 1975-1990 From Cairo to Ta\u2019if Contents \u2013 pdf downloadable \u2013 Academia.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ranker.com\/list\/list-of-lebanese-civil-war-battles\/reference\" >List Of Lebanese Civil War Battles \u2013 Ranker.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.apimages.com\/Collection\/Landing\/Lebanese-Civil-War-1975-1990-\/24cffefd4f5c4abcabb7b52bd646a361\" >LEBANESE CIVIL WAR: 1975-1990 \u2013 AP Images<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>October 13 Massacre:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/October_13_massacre\" >\u201c<em>The <\/em><strong><em>October 13 Massacre<\/em><\/strong><em> took place on 13 October 1990, during the final period of the Lebanese Civil War, when hundreds of Lebanese Army soldiers were executed after they surrendered to the Syrian Army<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 October 13 massacre \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.liberty05.com\/civilwar\/civil5.html\" >October 13, 1990 at 7 am \u2013 Liberty 05 \u2013 Liberty.05.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.dbpedia.org\/page\/October_13_massacre\" >October 13 Massacre \u2013 Relevant web links \u2013 DBPedia.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.executedtoday.com\/2014\/10\/13\/1990-the-october-13-massacre\/\" >1990: The October 13 Massacre \u2013 ExecutedToday.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Taif Agreement of 1989 and Lebanon-Syria Treaty of 1991:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Taif_Agreement\" >Taif Agreement \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Text of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/arabs\/taif.html\" >Lebanon: Taif Agreement to End the Lebanon Civil War (1989) \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.al-bab.com\/arab\/docs\/lebanon\/taif.htm\" >The Ta\u2019if Accord \u2013 Al-Bab.com<\/a>, <em><strong>or <\/strong><\/em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/aceproject.org\/ero-en\/regions\/mideast\/LB\/lebanon-taif-agreement-1989\/view\" >Lebanon: Taif Agreement \u2013 pdf downloadable \u2013 AceProject.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mideastweb.org\/syrialeb1.htm\" >LEBANON-SYRIA TREATY OF COOPERATION MAY 20 1991<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.wrmea.org\/1991-may-june\/the-taif-agreement-still-on-schedule-after-1-1\/2years.html\" >The Taif Agreement Still on Schedule After 1-\u00bd Years, by Susan Smith \u2013 1991 May\/June \u2013 Washington Report on Middle East Affairs \u2013 WRMEA.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.c-r.org\/sites\/c-r.org\/files\/Accord24_TheTaifAgreement.pdf\" >The Taif Agreement: New Order, old Framework, by Karam Karam \u2013 pdf \u2013 C-R.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/ifi\/international_affairs\/Documents\/20100601ifi_taif_20_years_rtd_summary.pdf\" >Summary of Roundtable Discussion on the Taif Agreement, Held on January 20, 2010 at the American University Beirut \u2013 pdf \u2013 AUB.edu.lb<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.al-monitor.com\/pulse\/originals\/2013\/06\/taif-accord-lebanon-civil-war-sectarian-balance-hariri.html\" >Lebanon\u2019s Taif Agreement Needs Revision \u2013 June 9, 2013 \u2013 Al-Monitor.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fpif.org\/applying-lebanese-template-syria\/\" >Applying the Lebanese Template to Syria, by Sina Toosi \u2013 September 12, 2013 \u2013 FPIF.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>A Few Pertinent UN Resolutions, among Many Others:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.unsco.org\/Documents\/Resolutions\/S_RES_1559%282004%29.pdf\" >UN Resolution 1559 (2004) \u2013 2 September 2004 \u2013 S\/RES\/1559 (2004)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/daccess-dds-ny.un.org\/doc\/UNDOC\/GEN\/N06\/351\/77\/PDF\/N0635177.pdf?OpenElement\" >UN Resolution 1680 (2006) \u2013 17 May 2006 \u2013 S\/RES\/1680 (2006)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.un.org\/french\/documents\/view_doc.asp?symbol=S\/RES\/1701%20%282006%29&amp;TYPE=&amp;referer=http:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=http:\/\/www.un.org\/french\/documents\/view_doc.asp?symbol=S\/RES\/1701%20%282006%29&amp;Lang=E\" >UN Resolution 1701 (2006) \u2013 11 August 2006 \u2013 S\/RES\/1701 (2006)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special_Tribunal_for_Lebanon\" >Special Tribunal for Lebanon:<\/a><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>For some more information on other international and\/or hybrid courts or tribunals, see<\/em> \u201c<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2015\/06\/this-week-in-history-30\/\" >JULY 1, 2002\u00a0 The International Criminal Court is established to prosecute individuals for genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, and the crime of aggression. (= The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court comes into force.).<\/a><\/strong>\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.stl-tsl.org\/en\/\" >Special Tribunal for Lebanon \u2013 Official Site<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.specialtribunalforlebanon.org\/en\/documents\" ><strong>Documents on the Special Tribunal for Lebanon:<\/strong> \u201c<em>This section contains a wide range of documents relating to the STL. These include founding documents like the Statute, as well as the Rules of Procedure and Evidence and UN Security Council resolutions. To read relevant STL court filings (such as indictments, judgements and judicial rulings) please see the cases<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Special Tribunal for Lebanon \u2013 Official Site<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/digitalcommons.law.scu.edu\/cgi\/viewcontent.cgi?article=1071&amp;context=scujil\" >Special Tribunal for Lebanon: A Tribunal for International Character Devoid of International Law, by Yanice Yun \u2013 Santa Clara Journal of International Law \u2013 1-1-2010 \u2013 Volume 7 | Issue 2<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.globalpolicy.org\/international-justice\/international-criminal-tribunals-and-special-courts\/special-tribunal-for-lebanon.html\" >Special Tribunal for Lebanon \u2013 Global Policy Forum \u2013 GlobalPolicy.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.trial-ch.org\/en\/resources\/tribunals\/hybrid-tribunals\/special-court-for-lebanon.html\" >Special Court for Lebanon \u2013 TRIAL \u2013 Trial-ch.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/america.aljazeera.com\/articles\/2014\/4\/11\/lebanon-s-specialtribunalaturningpointforinternationallaw.html\" >Is Lebanon\u2019s special tribunal a turning point in international law? , by Meris Lutz \u2013 April 11, 2014 \u2013 Aljazeera.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Lebanon:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/geos\/le.html\" >Lebanon \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/lebanon\/\" >Lebanon \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.un.org\/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=Lebanon\" >Lebanon \u2013 UN Data \u2013 UN.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lebanon\" >Lebanon \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Lebanon\" >Lebanon \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/lebanon.html\" >Lebanon \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/topics.nytimes.com\/top\/news\/international\/countriesandterritories\/lebanon\/index.html\" >Lebanon \u2013 News Coverage \u2013 The New York Times<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-14647308\" >Lebanon country profile \u2013 Overview \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Foreign Relations of Lebanon:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_Lebanon\" >Foreign relations of Lebanon \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/lebanon\/100.htm\" >FOREIGN RELATIONS \u2013 Lebanon \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cfr.org\/region\/lebanon\/ri362\" >Lebanon \u2013 Council on Foreign Relations \u2013 CFR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ghazi.de\/foreign.html\" >Foreign Relations \u2013 Politics in Lebanon \u2013 GHAZI.de<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/r\/pa\/ei\/bgn\/35833.htm\" >US Relations With Lebanon \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cfr.org\/lebanon\/renewed-conflict-lebanon\/p33083\" >Renewed Conflict in Lebanon: Contingency Planning Memorandum No.22, by Mona Yakoubian \u2013 June 2014 \u2013 Council on Foreign Relations \u2013CFR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of Lebanon:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Lebanon\" >History of Lebanon \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lgic.org\/en\/history.php\" >History of Lebanon \u2013 LGIC.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/lebanon-country-asia-history.html\" >Lebanon \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/lebanon\/history\" >Lebanon \u2013 History \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/history.howstuffworks.com\/asian-history\/history-of-lebanon.htm\" >History of Lebanon \u2013 HowStuffWorks.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/lebanon\/3.htm\" >History \u2013 Lebanon \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/history-of-Lebanon\" >History of Lebanon \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/military\/world\/lebanon\/history.htm\" >Lebanon \u2013 History \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/1400004\/Lebanon-A-brief-history.html\" >Lebanon: A brief history \u2013 Telegraph.co.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-14649284\" >Lebanon profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Economy of Lebanon:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_Lebanon\" >Economy of Lebanon \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/lebanon\" >Economy of Lebanon \u2013 The Heritage Foundation<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/country\/lebanon\" >Lebanon \u2013 THE WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/lebanon\" >Lebanon \u2013 Data \u2013 THE WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1988\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-united-states-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >US performs nuclear test<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nevada_Test_Site\" >Nevada Test Site<\/a>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_United_States\" >List of the nuclear weapons tests of the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fas.org\/nuke\/guide\/usa\/facility\/nts.htm\" >NEVADA TEST SITE \u2013 FAS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/wmd\/facility\/nts.htm\" >NEVADA TEST SITE \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.onlinenevada.org\/articles\/nevada-test-site-overview\" >Nevada Test Site Overview \u2013 OnlineNevada.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/about\/projects\/archive\/nucweapons\/nts\" >Nuclear testing at the Nevada Test Site \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/toxipedia.org\/display\/wanmec\/Nevada+Test+Site\" >Nevada Test Site \u2013 Toxipedia.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/digital.library.unlv.edu\/ntsohp\/\" >Nevada Test Site \u2013 Oral History Project<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nv.doe.gov\/library\/publications\/Environmental\/DOENV_11718_594.pdf\" >ECOLOGY OF THE NEVADA TEST SITE: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nevadatestsite.info\/\" >Nevada Test Site Workers Exposed to Radiation \u2013 National Cancer Benefits Center \u2013 NevadaTestSite.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/about\/projects\/archive\/nucweapons\/50\" >50 Facts About the US Nuclear Weapons \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Usa\/Tests\/\" >Gallery of US Nuclear Tests \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.acq.osd.mil\/ncbdp\/nm\/nm_book_5_11\/index.htm\" >The Nuclear Matters Handbook<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1983\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ameritech_Mobile_Communications\" >Ameritech Mobile Communications<\/a> (now <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/AT%26T_Inc.\" >AT&amp;T Inc.<\/a>) launched the first US <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cellular_network\" >cellular network<\/a> in Chicago.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1977\u00a0 <\/strong>Four <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Palestinian_people\" >Palestinians<\/a> hijack <em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lufthansa_Flight_181\" >Lufthansa Flight 181<\/a><\/em> to <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Somalia\" >Somalia<\/a> and demand release of 11 members of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Red_Army_Faction\" >Red Army Faction<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1976\u00a0 <\/strong>The first <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Electron_microscope\" >electron micrograph<\/a> of an <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ebola\" >Ebola<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Virus\" >viral<\/a> particle is obtained by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dr._F.A._Murphy\" >Dr. F.A. Murphy<\/a>, now at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/University_of_California,_Davis\" >UC Davis<\/a>, who was then working at the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Centers_for_Disease_Control_and_Prevention\" >C.D.C.<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>1976\u00a0 <\/strong>A Bolivian <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Boeing_707\" >Boeing 707<\/a> cargo jet crashes in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Santa_Cruz,_Bolivia\" >Santa Cruz, Bolivia<\/a>, killing 100 (97, mostly children, killed on the ground).<\/p>\n<p><strong>1972\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Uruguayan_Air_Force_Flight_571\" >Uruguayan Air Force Flight 571<\/a> crashes in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Andes\" >Andes<\/a> mountains, near the border between <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Argentina\" >Argentina<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chile\" >Chile<\/a>. By <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/December_23\" >December 23<\/a>, 1972, only 16 out of 45 people lived long enough to be rescued.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1972\u00a0 <\/strong>An <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aeroflot\" >Aeroflot<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ilyushin_Il-62\" >Ilyushin Il-62<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aeroflot_Flight_217\" >crashes<\/a> outside Moscow killing 174.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1970\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fiji\" >Fiji<\/a> joins the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Nations\" >United Nations<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Fiji:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.fiji.gov.fj\/\" >Fijian Government \u2013 Official Site<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/geos\/fj.html\" >Fiji \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.un.org\/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=Fiji\" >Fiji \u2013 Data \u2013 UN Data<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Fiji-republic-Pacific-Ocean\" >Fiji \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/fiji.html\" >Fiji \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-asia-pacific-14919067\" >Fiji country profile \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Foreign Relations of Fiji:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_Fiji\" >Foreign relations of Fiji \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.foreignaffairs.gov.fj\/\" >Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Fiji<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.fijitimes.com\/story.aspx?id=302062\" >Foreign Policy, by Nasik Swami \u2013 Wednesday, April 15, 2015 \u2013 The Fiji Times Online<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nationsencyclopedia.com\/World-Leaders-2003\/Fiji-FOREIGN-POLICY.html\" >Fiji \u2013 Foreign Policy \u2013 NationsEncyclopedia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/r\/pa\/ei\/bgn\/1834.htm\" >US Relations with Fiji \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Fiji and the United Nations:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fiji_and_the_United_Nations\" >Fiji and the United Nations \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.fijiprun.org\/\" >Permanent Mission of Fiji to the United Nations<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.unog.ch\/unog\/website\/missions.nsf\/%28httpPermanentMissions_en%29\/825F030CD767AE9DC1257C8400108A9A?OpenDocument\" >Permanent Mission of the Republic of Fiji to the United Nations Office and other international organizations in Geneva<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.fj.undp.org\/\" >United Nations Development Programme in Fiji Multi-Country Office<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of Fiji:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Fiji\" >History of Fiji \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/fiji-history.html\" >Fiji \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fijihighcommission.org.uk\/about_1.html\" >About Fiji \u2013 History \u2013 Fiji High Commission<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.destination360.com\/australia-south-pacific\/fiji\/history\" >Fiji History \u2013 Destination 360<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fijiguide.com\/page\/history-1\" >Fiji Guide \u2013 History \u2013 FijiGujide.co<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/fiji\/history\" >Fiji \u2013 History \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.goway.com\/travel-information\/australia-south-pacific\/fiji\/history\/\" >Fiji \u2013 History \u2013 GoWay.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-asia-pacific-14919688\" >Fiji country profile \u2013 timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Economy of Fiji:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_Fiji\" >Economy of Fiji \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/fiji-economy.html\" >Fiji \u2013 Economy \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.go-fiji.com\/economy.html\" >Fiji Economy \u2013 Go-Fiji.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/fiji\" >Fiji \u2013 The Heritage Foundation<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.adb.org\/countries\/fiji\/economy\" >Fiji: ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/finances.worldbank.org\/countries\/Fiji\" >Fiji \u2013 Country Summary \u2013 THE WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/fiji\" >Fiji \u2013 Data \u2013 THE WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.brainyhistory.com\/events\/1970\/october_13_1970_139415.html\" >1970\u00a0 USSR performs nuclear test at Sary Shagan, USSR<\/a><\/strong>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Note that this test, even if it was actually performed, is not indicated in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1970_Soviet_nuclear_tests\" >1970 Soviet nuclear tests \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a>.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>USSR Nuclear Tests in 1970:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1970_Soviet_nuclear_tests\" >1970 Soviet nuclear tests &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovwpnprog.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/tests\/USSR-ntestsS.html\" >Database of nuclear tests, USSR\/Russia: overview \u2013 JohnstonArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Sary-Shagan Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nti.org\/facilities\/682\/\" >Sary-Shagan \u2013 NTI<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/aboutkazakhstan.com\/blog\/army\/missile-firing-at-sary-shagan-testing-ground\/\" >Missile firing at Sary-Shagan testing ground \u2013 AboutKazakhstan.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.astronautix.com\/sites\/sarhagan.htm\" >Sary-Shagan \u2013 Encyclopedia Astronautica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/missilethreat.com\/russian-tv-profiles-sary-shagan-test-range\/\" >Russian TV Profiles Sary-Shagan Test Range \u2013 MISSILE THREAT \u2013 MissileThreat.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/ausairpower.net\/APA-Rus-ABM-Systems.html\" >Russian\/Soviet Anti-Ballistic Missile Systems \u2013 AusAirPower.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/ijkm.nl\/Sary-Shagan\" >Sary-Shagan \u2013 Russian Super Weapons Hypersonic Aircraft Igla Armas<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jamesoberg.com\/140520-topol-ky.pdf\" >Russia\u2019s KYSS-08 \u2018Topol\u2019 \u2013 Mystery Missile Mission \u2013 Kapustin Yar to Sary Shagon \u2013 Eighth Launch \u2013 May 20, 2014<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.siberianinsider.com\/russia-to-upgrade-neman-p-radar-in-sary-shagan.html\" >Russia to upgrade Neman-P rader in Sary-Shagon \u2013 28.08.2014 \u2013 Siberian Insider \u2013 SiberianInsider.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/freebeacon.com\/national-security\/russia-again-flight-tests-new-icbm-to-treaty-violating-range\/\" >\u201c<em>The RS-26 missile carried a dummy warhead from Russia\u2019s Kapustin Yar missile facility, located about 80 miles south of Volgograd in southern Russia, to an impact range at Sary Shagan in Kazakhstan<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Russia Again Flight Tests New ICBM to Treaty-Violating Rage, by Bill Gertz \u2013 March 31, 2015 \u2013 FreeBeacon.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1946\u00a0 <\/strong>France <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/French_constitutional_referendum,_October_1946\" >adopts<\/a> the constitution of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/French_Fourth_Republic\" >Fourth Republic<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Fourth Republic and the Constitution:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Constitution_of_France\" >Constitution of France \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/electionsfrance.wordpress.com\/category\/fourth-republic-1946-1958\/\" >Category Archives: Fourth Republic \u2013 WordPress.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/eudocs.lib.byu.edu\/index.php\/France:_1946_to_the_Present\" >France: 1946 to the present \u2013 BYU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.crwflags.com\/fotw\/flags\/fr_fourr.html\" >History and institutions of the Fourth Republic \u2013 CRWFlags.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/France_in_the_twentieth_century\" >France in the twentieth century \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-europe-17299605\" >France profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1944\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Riga\" >Riga<\/a>, the capital of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Latvia\" >Latvia<\/a> is occupied by the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Red_Army\" >Red Army<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Occupation of Latvia and Its Relevant History:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soviet_re-occupation_of_Latvia_in_1944\" >Soviet re-occupation of Latvia in 1944 \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Riga_Offensive_%281944%29\" >Riga Offensive (1944) \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.moresmuzejs.lv\/buklets\/EN.pdf\" >World War II on Latvian Territory \u2013 MORESMUZEJS.lv<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Occupation_of_the_Baltic_states\" >Occupation of the Baltic states \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/latvianhistory.com\/tag\/world-war-ii\/\" >Latvian History \u2013 LatvianHistory.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mfa.gov.lv\/data\/file\/e\/P\/Occupation%20of%20Latvia.pdf\" >Occupation of Latvia \u2013 Three Occupations 1940 \u2013 1991 \u2013 pdf \u2013 MFA.gov.lv<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Latvia:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ciaworldfactbook.us\/europe\/latvia.html\" >Latvia \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.un.org\/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=Latvia\" >Latvia \u2013 UN Data<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Latvia\" >Latvia \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/latvia.html\" >Latvia \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nationsonline.org\/oneworld\/latvia.htm\" >Latvia \u2013 NationsOnline.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/europa.eu\/about-eu\/countries\/member-countries\/latvia\/index_en.htm\" >Latvia \u2013 European Union \u2013 Euopa.eu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Foreign Relations of Latvia:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_Latvia\" >Foreign relations of Latvia \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mfa.gov.lv\/en\/\" >MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS OF THE REPUBLIC OF LATVIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/r\/pa\/ei\/bgn\/5378.htm\" >US Relations with Latvia \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of Latvia:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_Latvia\" >History of Latvia \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/latvia\/1.htm\" >History of Latvia \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/latvianhistory.com\/tag\/latvian-foreign-relations\/\" >Latvian History \u2013 LatvianHistory.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-europe-17529542\" >Latvia profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Economy of Latvia:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_Latvia\" >Economy of Latvia \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/latvia\" >Latvia \u2013 Index \u2013 THE HERITAGE FOUNDATION<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/lnweb90.worldbank.org\/FPS\/fsapcountrydb.nsf\/%28attachmentwebFSA%29\/Latvia_DevelopmentModule_FSA_web.pdf\/$FILE\/Latvia_DevelopmentModule_FSA_web.pdf\" >Latvia \u2013 Financial Sector Assessment \u2013 THE WORLD BANK \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/latvia\" >Latvia \u2013 Data \u2013 THE WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1943\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_II\" >World War II<\/a>: The new government of Italy sides with the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Allies_of_World_War_II\" >Allies<\/a> and declares war on Germany.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1923\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ankara\" >Ankara<\/a> replaces <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Istanbul\" >Istanbul<\/a> as the capital of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Turkey\" >Turkey<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1921\u00a0 <\/strong>The Soviet republics of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic\" >Russia<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Armenian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic\" >Armenia<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Azerbaijan_Soviet_Socialist_Republic\" >Azerbaijan<\/a>, and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Georgian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic\" >Georgia<\/a> sign the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Treaty_of_Kars\" >Treaty of Kars<\/a> with the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Grand_National_Assembly_of_Turkey\" >Grand National Assembly of Turkey<\/a> to establish the contemporary borders between Turkey and the South Caucasus states.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Treaty of Kars:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/dbpedia.org\/page\/Treaty_of_Kars\" >Treaty of Kars \u2013 Pertinent web links \u2013 DBPedia.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/ijkm.nl\/Treaty_of_Kars\" >Treaty of Kars \u2013 IJKM.nl<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.livingwarbirds.com\/treaty-of-kars.php\" >Treaty of Kars \u2013 Living Warbirds \u2013 LivingWarBirds.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.conflicts.rem33.com\/images\/Armenia\/kars.htm\" >TREATY OF KARS \u2013 13.10.1921 \u2013 Rem33.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/1905.az\/en\/historians-review-armenias-stance-on-the-treaty-of-kars\/\" >Historians review Armenia\u2019s stance on the Treaty of Kars<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ramazanozey.net\/rozey\/icerik\/detay.asp?id=4&amp;dil=en\" >TURKEY\u2019S LAND BORDERS AND LAND DIPUTES \u2013 RamazanOzey.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.musicillustratedmagazine.com\/q\/1921_in_the_Ottoman_Empire\" >1921 in the Ottoman Empire \u2013 MusicIllustratedMagazine.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1918\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mehmed_Talat_Pasha\" >Mehmed Talat Pasha<\/a> and the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Young_Turk\" >Young Turk<\/a> (C.U.P.) ministry resign and sign an armistice, ending <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ottoman_Empire\" >Ottoman<\/a> participation in World War I.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1917\u00a0 <\/strong>The \u201c<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Miracle_of_the_Sun\" >Miracle of the Sun<\/a>\u201d is witnessed by an estimated 70,000 people in the Cova da Iria in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/F%C3%A1tima,_Portugal\" >F\u00e1tima, Portugal<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Miracle of the Sun in F\u00e1tima:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.freerepublic.com\/focus\/f-religion\/1502185\/posts\" >THE MIRACLE OF THE SUN \u2013 This Day in History \u2013 October 13, 1917 \u2013 FreeRepublic.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.fatima.org\/essentials\/facts\/miracle.asp\" >An Eyewitness Account by Dr Jos\u00e9 Maria de Almeida Garrett, professor at Faculty of Science of Coimbra, Portugal \u2013 Fatima.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/angels.about.com\/od\/MiraculousMaryApparitions\/a\/The-Miracle-Of-The-Sun-In-Fatima-Portugal-During-Virgin-Mary-Apparition.htm\" >The Miracle of the Sun in Fatima, Portugal During Virgin Mary Apparition \u2013 Miracle of the Sun From Saint Mary\u2019s Appearance in Fatima on October 13, 1917 \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infobarrel.com\/The_October_13_1917_Miracle_of_the_Sun_at_Fatima\" >The October 13, 1917 Miracle of the Sun at Fatima \u2013 InfoBarrel.com<\/a>T<\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.csicop.org\/si\/show\/real_secrets_of_fatima\" >The Real Secrets of Fatima \u2013 Investigative File, by Joe Nickell \u2013 The Committee for Skeptical Inquiry \u2013 CIS \u2013 CSICop.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.livescience.com\/29290-fatima-miracle.html\" >\u201c<em>It\u2019s not surprising that human-shaped forms might be interpreted as religious figures, especially around the religious holidays. People see these images for the same reason that they see faces in clouds, Rorschach blots and coffee stains. This phenomenon, called pareidolia, is well known in psychology, and it is the cause of many supposedly mysterious and miraculous events (including the famous \u201cJesus in the Tortilla\u201d).<\/em>\u201d \u2013 The Lady of F\u00e1tima &amp; the Miracle of the Sun \u2013 Live Science \u2013 LiveScience.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.overcomeproblems.com\/fatima.htm\" >Miracle at Fatima, Portugal in October 1917 \u2013 Newspaper articles and accounts from other witness recounting details of the miracle of the sun witnessed by over 70,000 people in October 1917 \u2013 OVERPROBLEMS.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=rBIs8cuIwTo\" >YouTube video (5 min. 32 sec.): The Miracle of the Sun in Fatima October 13, 1917<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1915\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_the_Hohenzollern_Redoubt\" >Battle of the Hohenzollern Redoubt<\/a> marks the end of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Loos\" >Battle of Loos<\/a> in northern France, World War I.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1892\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Edward_Emerson_Barnard\" >Edward Emerson Barnard<\/a> discovers <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/206P\/Barnard%E2%80%93Boattini\" >D\/1892 T1<\/a>, the first <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Comet\" >comet<\/a> discovered by photographic means, on the night of October 13\u201314.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu\/iauc\/08900\/08995.html\" >COMET P\/2008 T3 = 1892 T1 (BARNARD-BOATTINI)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/234221079_Comets_14PWolf_and_D1892_T1_as_parent_bodies_of_a_common_alpha_-Capricornids_related_meteor_stream\" >Article: Comets 14 P\/Wolf and D\/1892 T1 as parent bodies of a common, alpha \u2013Capricornids related, meteor stream, by L. Neslu\u0161an<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1884<\/strong><strong>\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Greenwich\" >Greenwich<\/a>, in London, England, is established as <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Universal_Time\" >Universal Time<\/a> meridian of longitude.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Greenwich Mean Time (GMT):<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.greenwichtime.com\/\" >Greenwich Time \u2013 Official Site<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.thetimenow.com\/gmt\" >Greenwich Mean Time (GMT)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/wwp.greenwichmeantime.com\/time-zone\/\" >World Time Zones \u2013 Greenwich Mean Time<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1881\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Revival_of_the_Hebrew_language#First_Aliyah\" >First known conversation<\/a> in modern Hebrew by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eliezer_Ben-Yehuda\" >Eliezer Ben-Yehuda<\/a> and friends.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1843\u00a0 <\/strong>In New York City, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Henry_Jones_%28B%27nai_Brith%29\" >Henry Jones<\/a> and 11 others found <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/B%27nai_B%27rith\" >B\u2019nai B\u2019rith<\/a> (the oldest Jewish service organization in the world).<\/p>\n<p><strong>1812\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/War_of_1812\" >War of 1812<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Queenston_Heights\" >Battle of Queenston Heights<\/a> \u2013 As part of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Niagara_campaign\" >Niagara campaign<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ontario\" >Ontario<\/a>, Canada, United States forces under General <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Stephen_Van_Rensselaer_III\" >Stephen Van Rensselaer<\/a> are repulsed from invading Canada by British and native troops led by Sir <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Isaac_Brock\" >Isaac Brock<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1773\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Whirlpool_Galaxy\" >Whirlpool Galaxy<\/a> is discovered by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Charles_Messier\" >Charles Messier<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1710\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Habitation_at_Port-Royal\" >Port Royal<\/a>, the capital of French <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Acadia\" >Acadia<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Siege_of_Port_Royal_%281710%29\" >falls in a siege<\/a> by British forces.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>OCTOBER 14<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>2014\u00a0 <\/strong>A <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2014_Nepal_snowstorm_disaster\" >snowstorm<\/a> and avalanche in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nepal\" >Nepalese<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Himalayas\" >Himalayas<\/a> triggered by the remnants of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cyclone_Hudhud\" >Cyclone Hudhud<\/a> kills 43 people.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2012\u00a0 <\/strong>20 people are gunned down in a mosque in Dogo Dawa, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nigeria\" >Nigeria<\/a>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-19941593\" >\u201c<em>Residents of Dogo Dawa said the attackers stormed the village, shooting and stabbing anyone in sight<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Kaduna state attack: 20 killed in Nigerian village \u2013 14 October 2012 \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thestreetjournal.org\/2012\/10\/kaduna-mosque-attack-defence-hq-denies-complicity-blames-robbers\/\" >Kaduna Mosque Attack: Defence HQ Denies Complicity, Blames Robbers \u2013 October 15, 2012 \u2013 TheStreetJournal.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.genocidewatch.org\/nigeria.html\" >Nigeria \u2013 Genocide Watch \u2013 GeoncideWatch.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Nigeria:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/geos\/ni.html\" >Nigeria \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.un.org\/CountryProfile.aspx?crname=Nigeria\" >Nigeria \u2013 Data \u2013 UN Data<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/nigeria\/\" >Nigeria \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Nigeria\" >Nigeria \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/nigeria.html\" >Nigeria \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nigeriaworld.com\/\" >Nigeria \u2013 NigeriaWorld.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.economist.com\/topics\/nigeria\" >Nigeria \u2013 The Economist<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Economy of Nigeria:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_Nigeria\" >Economy of Nigeria \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/nigeria\/52.htm\" >Nigeria \u2013 Economy \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/nigeria-economy.html\" >Nigeria \u2013 Economy \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/nigeria\" >Nigeria \u2013 Heritage Foundation<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.123independenceday.com\/nigeria\/economy.html\" >Economy of Nigeria \u2013 123IndependenceDay.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of Nigeria:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Nigeria\" >History of Nigeria \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/history-of-Nigeria\" >History of Nigeria \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/nigeria-history.html\" >Nigeria \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyworld.net\/wrldhis\/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=ad41\" >HISTORY OF NIGERIA \u2013 HistoryWorld.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.123independenceday.com\/nigeria\/history.html\" >History of Nigeria \u2013 123IndependenceDay.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/nigeria\/3.htm\" >History \u2013 Nigeria \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.glpinc.org\/Classroom%20Activities\/Nigeria%20Articles\/Nigeria-history%20since%201960.htm\" >History of Nigeria since 1960 \u2013 GLPINC.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nigeriaembassyusa.org\/index.php?page=nigeria-past-present-and-future\" >NIGERIA \u2013 PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE \u2013 NigeriaEmbassyUSA.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_Nigerian_history\" >Timeline of Nigerian history \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-13951696\" >Nigeria profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/nigeria\/history\" >Nigeria \u2013 History \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1994\u00a0 <\/strong>The Palestinian leader, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yasser_Arafat\" >Yasser Arafat<\/a>, The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Prime_Minister_of_Israel\" >Prime Minister of Israel<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yitzhak_Rabin\" >Yitzhak Rabin<\/a>, and the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_Minister_of_Israel\" >Foreign Minister of Israel<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shimon_Peres\" >Shimon Peres<\/a>, receive the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nobel_Peace_Prize\" >Nobel Peace Prize<\/a> for their role in the establishment of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Oslo_Accords\" >Oslo Accords<\/a> and the framing of the future Palestinian Self Government.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Oslo Accords:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/usforeignpolicy.about.com\/od\/middleeast\/a\/What-Were-The-Oslo-Accords.htm\" >What Were the Oslo Accords? \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.palestinefacts.org\/pf_1991to_now_oslo_accords.php\" >Details of the Oslo Accords \u2013 PalestineFacts.org<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1993-2000\/oslo\" >The Oslo Accords and the Arab-Israel Peace Process \u2013 OFFICE of the HISTORIAN \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.menafn.com\/1094362393\/Palestine-What-the-Oslo-Accords-Accomplished\" >What the Oslo Accords Accomplished \u2013 MENAFN.com<\/a>, <em><strong>or<\/strong><\/em> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/hydrablog.csusm.edu\/2015\/10\/what-the-oslo-accords-accompli.html\" >edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/wgbh\/pages\/frontline\/shows\/oslo\/negotiations\/\" >THE NEGOTIATIONS \u2013 OSLO ACCORD \u2013 PBS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/hotair.com\/archives\/2015\/09\/30\/palestinian-authority-were-done-with-the-oslo-accords\/\" >Palestinian Authority: We\u2019re done with the Oslo Accords, by Matt Vespa \u2013 September 30, 2015 \u2013 HotAir.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.al-monitor.com\/pulse\/originals\/2015\/09\/israel-oslo-accords-abolish-pa-abbas-violence-chaos-intifada.html\" >Will the Palestinians abolish the Oslo Accords? \u2013 September 2015 \u2013 ISRAEL PULSE \u2013 Al-Monitor.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/indepth\/opinion\/2015\/10\/killed-oslo-accords-151001072411049.html\" >Who Killed the Oslo Accords? \u2013 01 Oct 2015 \u2013 Aljazeera.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1991\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nobelprize.org\/nobel_prizes\/peace\/laureates\/1991\/press.html\" >The Norwegian Nobel Committee decides to award the Nobel Peace Prize for 1991 to <strong>Aung San Suu Kyi<\/strong> of Myanmar (Burma) for her non-violent struggle for democracy and human rights.<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>1983\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Maurice_Bishop\" >Maurice Bishop<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Prime_Minister_of_Grenada\" >Prime Minister of Grenada<\/a>, is overthrown and later executed in a military <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Coup_d%27%C3%A9tat\" >coup d\u2019\u00e9tat<\/a> led by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bernard_Coard\" >Bernard Coard<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1982\u00a0 <\/strong>US President <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ronald_Reagan\" >Ronald Reagan<\/a> proclaims a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/War_on_Drugs\" >War on Drugs<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>War on Drugs:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.politico.com\/story\/2010\/10\/reagan-declares-war-on-drugs-october-14-1982-043552\" >Reagan declares \u2018War on Drugs,\u2019 October 14, 1982, by Andrew Glass \u2013 Politico.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.democratichub.com\/article\/7733.aspx\" >Reagan declares \u2018War on Drugs\u2019, October 14, 1982 \u2013 DemocraticHub.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.courant.com\/courant-250\/moments-in-history\/hc-this-day-in-history-365-pictures-302-photo.html\" >14, 1982: The War on Drugs \u2013 Hartford Courant<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.drugwarfacts.org\/factbook.pdf\" >Drug War Facts, compiled and maintained by Common Sense for Drug Policy \u2013 November 2007 \u2013 pdf \u2013 DrugWarFacts.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.drugpolicy.org\/new-solutions-drug-policy\/brief-history-drug-war\" >A Brief History of Drug War \u2013 DrugPolicy.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.presidency.ucsb.edu\/ws\/?pid=43085\" >Ronald Reagan \u2013 Radio Address to the Nation on the Federal Drug Policy \u2013 October 2, 1982 \u2013 UCSB.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/civilliberty.about.com\/od\/drugpolicy\/tp\/War-on-Drugs-History-Timeline.htm\" >History of the War on Drugs, by Tom Head \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/web.stanford.edu\/class\/e297c\/poverty_prejudice\/paradox\/htele.html\" >\u201c<em>America is at war. We have been fighting drug abuse for almost a century. Four Presidents have personally waged war on drugs. Unfortunately, it is a war that we are losing. Drug abusers continue to fill our courts, hospitals, and prisons<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Stanford.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cato.org\/pubs\/pas\/pa-180es.html\" >A Society of Suspects: The War on Drugs and Civil Liberties, by Steven Wisotsky \u2013 CATO.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.crimeandjustice.org\/councilinfo.cfm?pID=50\" >The War on Drugs, by Jason Marque Solo \u2013 Council on Crime and Justice<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pecangroup.org\/war-on\/war-on-drugs\/\" >WAR ON DRUGS \u2013 PecanGroup.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.studymode.com\/essays\/Reagans-War-On-Drugs-1689982.html\" >Reagans War on Drugs \u2013 StudyMode.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/drugwarfacts.org\/cms\/Military\" >Militarization of the Drug War \u2013 DrugWarFacts.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.druglibrary.org\/special\/goode\/drugpanic.htm\" >Chapter 12 of <em>Moral Panics: The Social Construction of Deviance <\/em>\u2013 <em><strong>The American Drug Panic in the 1980s<\/strong><\/em>, by Erich Goode &amp; Nachman Ben-Yehuda \u2013 published by Blackwell \u2013 DrugLibrary.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/civilliberty.about.com\/od\/drugpolicy\/p\/War-on-Drugs-Facts.htm\" >Key Facts About the War on Drugs, by Tom Head \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/flashbackmiami.com\/2014\/09\/10\/miami-drug-wars\/\" >Miami Drug Wars \u2013 FlashBackMiami.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.drugsense.org\/cms\/wodclock\" >Drug War Clock \u2013 DrugSense.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Case Study (1-1)<\/em><\/strong><strong> &#8211; <\/strong><em><strong>Nixon\u2019s War on Drugs of 1971:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.coursehero.com\/file\/p1cu3h8j\/War-on-Drugs-June-18-1971-Richard-Nixon-declared-War-on-Drugs-prohibition-of\/\" >War on Drugs: June 18, 1971, Richard Nixon declared War on Drugs \u2013 CourseHero.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.safetyandjustice.org\/spotlight\/brief-overview-war-drugs\" >\u201c<em>In a speech delivered in 1971, President Richard Nixon declared a War on Drugs. Forty years later, the war continues, and we\u2019re living in the ruins. Wars have enemies, and the enemy has become the people addicted to drugs, not the drugs themselves. Wars also have casualties. In this war, casualties include civil rights, state budgets, and the safety and peace of mind of neighboring countries<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 <strong>A BRIEF OVERVIEW OF THE WAR ON DRUGS<\/strong> \u2013 June 6, 2011 \u2013 safetyandjustice.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/aarontallent.com\/?p=3505\" >\u201c<em>On this day in 1971, President Richard Nixon declared war on drugs as he announced the creation of the Special Action Office for Drug Abuse Prevention. Nixon called drug abuse \u201cpublic enemy number one in the United States\u201d but today the war \u2013 if you still want to call it that \u2013 remains one of the most confusing stalemates in America today. It seems like presidents were always declaring war on something during the 60s and 70s. Lyndon Johnson had the War on Poverty and Nixon had the Wars on Cancer and Drugs. Significant progress has been made on the first two, even though calling them wars still sounds hyperbolic. The War on Drugs, however, seems to be in the same place in 42 years ago<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 <strong>June 17, 1971: President Nixon Declares War on Drugs<\/strong> \u2013 aarontallent.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.npr.org\/templates\/story\/story.php?storyId=9252490\" >Timeline: America\u2019s War on Drugs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/civilliberty.about.com\/od\/drugpolicy\/tp\/War-on-Drugs-History-Timeline.htm\" >History of War on Drugs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.drugpolicy.org\/new-solutions-drug-policy\/brief-history-drug-war\" >A Brief History of the Drug War<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/society\/2011\/jul\/24\/war-on-drugs-40-years\" >Nixon\u2019s \u2018war on drugs\u2019 began 40 years ago, and the battle is still raging \u2013 July 24, 2011 \u2013 theguardian.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/web.stanford.edu\/class\/e297c\/poverty_prejudice\/paradox\/htele.html\" >\u201c<em>America is at war. We have been fighting drug abuse for almost a century.\u00a0 Four Presidents have personally waged war on drugs.\u00a0 Unfortunately, it is a war that we are losing<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 web.stanford.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Case Study (1-2) &#8211; Racism and Militarism behind Nixon\u2019s War on Drugs:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.commondreams.org\/news\/2016\/03\/23\/nixons-war-drugs-began-strategy-attack-antiwar-left-and-black-people\" >Nixon\u2019s War on Drugs Began as Strategy to Attack \u2018Antiwar Left and Black People\u2019, by Nadia Prupis \u2013 Wednesday, March 23, 2016 \u2013 CommonDreams.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/newsone.com\/3388286\/nixon-aide-war-on-drugs-blacks\/\" >\u201c<em>Now, a new article from Harper\u2019s magazine features a 1994 interview with President Richard Nixon advisor\u00a0John D. Ehrlichman\u00a0in which he stated that the policy was aimed at disrupting Black people and war protesters<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 <strong>Dismantling Black Families \u2013 The Nixon White House thought of the antiwar left and Black people as enemies, the aide said.<\/strong> \u2013 by D. L. Chandler \u2013 newsone.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/dearkitty1.wordpress.com\/2016\/04\/10\/nixons-war-on-drugs-racism-and-miltarism\/\" >Nixon\u2019s \u2018war on drugs\u2019, racism and militarism \u2013 April 10, 2016 \u2013 Dear Kitty. Some Blog \u2013 dearkitty1.wordpress.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/steponerehab.com\/nixon-reagan-racism-behind-war-drugs\/\" >Nixon, Regan, and the Racism behind the War on Drugs \u2013 StepOneRehab.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/sojo.net\/articles\/top-nixon-adviser-war-drugs-was-way-target-black-people\" >Top Nixon Adviser: \u2018War on Drugs\u2019 Was a Way to Target Black People \u2013 03-23-2016 \u2013 Sojourners \u2013 sojo.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/ladyfreethinker.org\/former-nixon-aide-confirms-war-on-drugs-created-to-keep-blacks-down\/\" >Former Nixon Aide Confirms: War on Drugs = Systematic Racism, by Danielle Nilsen \u2013 April 6, 2016 \u2013 ladyfreethinker.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/only420.com\/5208\/marijuana-news\/nixon-aide-claims-war-drugs-concocted-racism\/\" >Nixon Aide Claims War on Drugs Concocted from Racism, by Sarah Parfitt \u2013 March 30, 2016 \u2013 only420.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.vox.com\/2016\/3\/22\/11278760\/war-on-drugs-racism-nixon\" >Nixon official: real reason for the drug war was to criminalize black people and hippies \u2013 March 22, 2016 \u2013 Vox.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/mic.com\/articles\/138664\/the-war-on-drugs-horribly-racist-origins-have-finally-been-revealed#.Jw5rJWAAy\" >The War On Drugs\u2019 Horribly Racist Origins Have Finally Been Revealed, by Zak Cheney Rice \u2013 March 23, 2016 \u2013 Identities.Mic \u2013 mic.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.com\/judge-frederic-block\/war-on-drugs_b_2384624.html\" >Racism\u2019s Hidden in the War on Drugs, by Frederic Block \u2013 01\/03\/2013\/ \u2013 Huffingtonpost.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.trueactivist.com\/nixons-advisor-admitted-that-the-war-on-drugs-was-created-to-criminalize-black-people-and-hippies\/\" >Nixon\u2019s Advisor Admitted That The \u201cWar On Drugs\u201d Was Created To Criminalize Black People And Hippies \u2013 trueactivist.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.drugrehab.com\/2016\/03\/25\/report-claims-nixons-war-on-drugs-has-racist-origin\/\" >Racism, the War on Drugs and Treating Addiction as a Disease, by Chris Elkins \u2013 March 25, 1016 \u2013 DrugRehab.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/marijuanapolitics.com\/richard-nixons-racist-drug-war\/\" >Richard Nixon\u2019s Racist Drug War, by Russ Belville \u2013 March 25, 2016 \u2013 marijunapolitics.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/gobigread.wisc.edu\/2016\/03\/nixons-war-on-drugs-was-founded-on-racism\/\" >Nixon\u2019s \u201cwar on drugs\u201d was founded on racism, by Kayleen Jones \u2013 March 28, 2016 \u2013 wisc.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Case Study (2) &#8211; CIA\u2019s Project MK-Ultra:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/news\/ask-history\/did-the-cia-secretly-dose-people-with-lsd\" >Did the CIA secretly dose people with LSD? \u2013 ASK HISTORY \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Project_MKUltra\" >\u201c<strong><em>Project MKUltra<\/em><\/strong><em>\u2014sometimes referred to as the <strong>CIA\u2019s mind control program<\/strong>\u2014was the code name given to an illegal program of experiments on human subjects, designed and undertaken by the United States Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). Experiments on humans were intended to identify and develop drugs and procedures to be used in interrogations and torture, in order to weaken the individual to force confessions through mind control<\/em>\u2026<em>Early CIA efforts focused on LSD, which later came to dominate many of MKUltra\u2019s programs<\/em>\u2026\u201d \u2013 Project MKUltra \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mindspring.com\/%7Etxporter\/sec3.htm\" >MK-ULTRA \u2013 The CIA program on Mind Control \u2013 Rense.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mindspring.com\/%7Etxporter\/sec3.htm\" >History of MK-ULTRA. CIA Program on Mind Control \u2013 MindSpring.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.wanttoknow.info\/050626mkultra.shtml\" >MK-ULTRA \u2013 WantToKnow.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1981\u00a0 <\/strong>Vice President <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hosni_Mubarak\" >Hosni Mubarak<\/a> is elected as the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/President_of_Egypt\" >President of Egypt<\/a> one week after the assassination of the President of Egypt, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anwar_Sadat\" >Anwar Sadat<\/a>. Vice President <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hosni_Mubarak\" >Hosni Mubarak<\/a> is elected as the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/President_of_Egypt\" >President of Egypt<\/a> one week after the assassination of the President of Egypt, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anwar_Sadat\" >Anwar Sadat<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Hosni Mubarak:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.biography.com\/people\/hosni-mubarak-37061\" >Hosni Mubarak \u2013 Biography.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/biography\/Mubarak.html\" >Hosni Mubarak \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-12301713\" >Profile: Hosni Mubarak \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/biography\/var\/hosnimubarak.html\" >Hosni Mubarak \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.factmonster.com\/biography\/var\/hosnimubarak.html\" >Hosni Mubarak \u2013 FactMonster.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Hosni-Mubarak\" >Hosni Mubarak \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.dailynewsegypt.com\/2013\/02\/11\/the-rise-and-fall-of-mubarak\/\" >The Rise and fall of Mubarak \u2013 Rana Muhammad Taha \u2013 February 11, 2013 \u2013 Daily News Egypt \u2013 DailyNewsEgypt.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Hosni Mubarak\u2019s Regime:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Egypt_under_Hosni_Mubarak\" >History of Egypt under Hosni Mubarak \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.aucegypt.edu\/GAPP\/CairoReview\/Pages\/articleDetails.aspx?aid=233\" >THE FALL OF MUBARAK, by Trek Osman \u2013 AUCEgypt.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/onlineresearchjournals.com\/aajoss\/art\/61.pdf\" >Civil Society under Mubarak\u2019s Regime, by Hamdy A. Hassan \u2013 Afro Asian Journal of Social Sciences \u2013 Vol.2, No. 2.2 Quarter II 2011 \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ijhssnet.com\/journals\/Vol_3_No_10_Special_Issue_May_2013\/3.pdf\" >Egypt\u2019s Political Economy and the Downfall of the Mubarak\u2019s Regime, by K.V. Nagarajan \u2013 International Journal of Humanities and Social Studies \u2013 Vol. 3, No.10, [Special Issue \u2013 May 2013] \u2013 Laurentian University, Canada \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ssrc.org\/pages\/breaking-the-fear-barrier-of-mubarak-s-regime\/\" >Breaking the Fear Barrier of Mubarak\u2019s Regime \u2013 SSRC.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Political Unrest of Egypt in January 2011:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyguy.com\/egypt_unrest_timeline_2011.htm\" >Political Unrest in Egypt Timeline (January, 2011) \u2013 HistoryGuy.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.opednews.com\/articles\/The-Collapse-of-the-Mubara-by-Muhammad-Shamsaddi-110202-270.html\" >The Collapse of the Mubarak Regime and the Rebirth of Egypt, by Muhammad Shamsaddin Megalommatis \u2013 OpedNews.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/foreignpolicy.com\/2011\/02\/04\/anatomy-of-a-dictatorship-hosni-mubarak\/\" >Anatomy of a Dictatorship Hosni Mubarak \u2013 February 4, 2011 \u2013 Foreign Policy<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.constitutionnet.org\/country\/constitutional-history-egypt\" >Constitutional history of Egypt \u2013 ConstitutionNet.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.academia.edu\/799126\/The_Egypt_s_Revolution_Causes_and_Developments_from_Legal_Perspective\" >The Egypt\u2019s Revolution: Cause and Developments from Legal Perspective, uploaded by D. Rastegari \u2013 pdf downloadable \u2013 Academica.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/wgbh\/pages\/frontline\/foreign-affairs-defense\/egypt-in-crisis\/timeline-whats-happened-since-egypts-revolution\/\" >Timeline: What\u2019s Happened Since Egypt\u2019s Revolution \u2013 September 17, 2013 \u2013 PBS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.glennbeck.com\/2011\/01\/31\/study-guide-in-depth-history-of-egypt-and-mubarak\/\" >Study Guide: In depth history of Egypt and Mubarak \u2013 Jan. 31, 2011 \u2013 GlennBeck.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1979\u00a0 <\/strong>The first <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gay_Rights\" >Gay Rights<\/a> March on Washington, DC, the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/National_March_on_Washington_for_Lesbian_and_Gay_Rights\" >National March on Washington for Lesbian and Gay Rights<\/a>, demands \u201can end to all social, economic, judicial, and legal oppression of lesbian and gay people\u201d, and draws 200,000 people.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>LGBT Rights:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.apa.org\/pi\/lgbt\/resources\/sexuality-definitions.pdf\" >Definition of Terms: Sex, Gender, Gender Identity, Sexual Orientation \u2013 AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION \u2013 APA.org \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.amnestyusa.org\/our-work\/issues\/lgbt-rights\/about-lgbt-human-rights\" >About LGBT Human Rights \u2013 Amnesty International<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.humanrights.gov\/issues\/lgbt.html\" >Issues LGBT \u2013 United States<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/Issues\/Discrimination\/Pages\/LGBT.aspx\" >Combatting discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity \u2013 UN Office for High Commissioner for Human Rights<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/LGBT_rights_at_the_United_Nations\" >LGBT rights at the United Nations \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.scribd.com\/doc\/241092505\/Resolution-on-Human-Rights-Sexual-Orientation-and-Gender-Idnentity\" >UN Human Rights Council Resolution \u2013 Human rights, sexual orientation and gender identity \u2013 22 September 2014 \u2013 A\/HRC\/27\/L.27\/Rev.1<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/daccess-dds-ny.un.org\/doc\/UNDOC\/GEN\/G14\/177\/32\/PDF\/G1417732.pdf?OpenElement\" >Resolution adopted by the Human Rights Council \u2013 Human rights, sexual orientation and gender identity \u2013 2 October 2014 \u2013 A\/HRC\/27\/32<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1976\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nobelprize.org\/nobel_prizes\/economic-sciences\/laureates\/1976\/press.html\" >The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences decides to award the 1976 Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel<\/a> to Professor <strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nobelprize.org\/nobel_prizes\/economic-sciences\/laureates\/1976\/friedman-bio.html\" >Milton Friedman<\/a><\/strong>, University of Chicago, Illinois, USA.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1973\u00a0 <\/strong>In the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Thammasat_student_uprising\" >Thammasat student uprising<\/a> over <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/th.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%93%E0%B9%8C_14_%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2\" >100,000 people protest<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Thailand\" >Thailand<\/a> against the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Thanom_Kittikachorn\" >Thanom<\/a> military government, 77 are killed and 857 are injured by soldiers.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1970\u00a0<\/strong> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> (underground) at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Novaya_Zemlya\" >Novaya Zemlya<\/a> USSR.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>USSR Nuclear Tests in 1970:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1970_Soviet_nuclear_tests\" >1970 Soviet nuclear tests \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>USSR\u2019s Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovwpnprog.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/tests\/USSR-ntestsS.html\" >Database of nuclear tests, USSR\/Russia: overview \u2013 JohnstonArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Underground Nuclear Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tightflash.org\/all_911\/third_truth\/nuclear_demolition_basic\/USGSOFR01312.pdf\" >The Containment of Soviet Underground Nuclear Explosions, by Vitaly V. Adshkin, and William Leith \u2013 OPEN FILE REPROT 01-312, September 2001 \u2013 US DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/srl.geoscienceworld.org\/content\/86\/2A\/451.full.pdf\" >Political Seismology or Seismological Politics: Natural Resources Defense Council \u2013 USSR Experiments in Underground Nuclear Test Verification, by Anna Amramina<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2013\/02\/11\/world\/asia\/north-korea-underground-explosion-explainer\/index.html\" >What happens with an underground nuclear test? , by Kevin Voigt \u2013 February 19, 2013 \u2013 CNN<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nnsa.energy.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/nv_sweis\/environmentalimpact\/v2\/Appendix%20H.pdf\" >APPENDIX H \u2013 UNDERGROUND NUCLEAR TESTING<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/gajitz.com\/buried-history-underground-nuclear-weapons-tests\/\" >Buried History: Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 GAJITZ.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theblogbelow.com\/2008\/07\/underground-nuclear-test.html\" >Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 TheBlogBelow.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ldeo.columbia.edu\/res\/pi\/Monitoring\/Arch\/BRV_arch_exp.html\" >Borovoye Archive Data from Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 Columbia.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/of\/1993\/0501\/report.pdf\" >Physical Environment of the Underground Nuclear Test Site on Novaya Zemlya, Russia, by John R. Matzko \u2013 Open-File Report 93-501- Reston, Virginia \u2013 1993 \u2013 THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOGRAPHICAL SURVEY<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Effect and\/or Impact of Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/page-3-effects-of-nuclear-weapon-testing-by-the-soviet-union\/\" >Page 3: Effects of Nuclear Weapon Testing by the Soviet Union \u2013 Economic, social, and environmental impacts \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/general-overview-of-theeffects-of-nuclear-testing\/\" >GENERAL OVERVIEW OF THE EFFECTS OF NUCLEAR TESTING \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/slashdot.org\/story\/13\/08\/20\/1738213\/the-secret-effort-to-clean-up-a-former-soviet-nuclear-test-site\" >The Secret Effort To Clean Up a Former Soviet Nuclear Test Site \u2013 Slashdot.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/citeseerx.ist.psu.edu\/viewdoc\/summary?doi=10.1.1.543.8580\" >A Review of Nuclear Testing by the Soviet Union at Novaya, by Vitaly I. Khalturin , Tatyana G. Rautian , Paul G. Richards , and William S. Leith \u2013 CiteSeerX- PSU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Novaya Zemlya Nuclear Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/wmd\/world\/russia\/novaya_zemlya_nuc.htm\" >Novaya Zemlya \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.atlasobscura.com\/places\/novaya-zemlya\" >NOVAYA ZEMLYA \u2013 AtlasObscura.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.giantbomb.com\/novaya-zemlya\/3035-3167\/\" >Novaya Zemlya \u2013 GiantBomb.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.arkcode.com\/custom3_64.html\" >NOVA ZEMLYA (NOVAYA ZEMLYA) 58 MEGA TON H BOMB TEST \u2013 ArkCode.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nti.org\/facilities\/924\/\" >Central Test Site of Russia on Novaya Zemlya \u2013 NTI.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www1.american.edu\/ted\/ice\/novalya.htm\" >ICE Case Studies \u2013 Novaya Zemlya, by Carrie McVicker \u2013 American.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/earthobservatory.nasa.gov\/IOTD\/view.php?id=39591\" >Novaya Zemlya Archipelago \u2013 Image \u2013 NASA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/novayazemlya.net\/\" >Novaya Zemlya Archipelago \u2013 NovayaZemlya.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclear-risks.org\/en\/hibakusha-worldwide\/novaya-zemlya.html\" >Novaya Zemlya, Russia \u2013 Nuclear-Risks.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/tass.ru\/en\/russia\/743105\" >Novaya Zemlya: test site for most powerful nuclear bomb ever detonated \u2013 July 31, 2014 \u2013 TASS Russian News Agency<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclearno.com\/text.asp?11073\" >Novaya Zemlya: birds, animals adapt nuclear test site, by Tatyana Sinitsyna \u2013 RIA Novosti, Russia \u2013 15 August 2006<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/of\/1993\/0501\/report.pdf\" >UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOGRPAPHICAL SURVEY \u2013 Physical Environment of the Underground Nuclear Test Site on Novaya Zemlya, Russia, by John R. Matzko \u2013 Open-File Report 93-501 \u2013 Reston, Virginia \u2013 1993<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1970<\/strong><strong>\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-united-states-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >US performs nuclear test<\/a> (underground) at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nevada_Test_Site\" >Nevada Test Site<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>US Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_United_States\" >List of the nuclear weapons tests of the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nuclear_weapons_and_the_United_States\" >Nuclear Weapons and the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.atomcentral.com\/the-cold-war.aspx\" >The Cold War \u2013 AtomCentral.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Nuclear Weapons and the United States:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nuclear_weapons_and_the_United_States\" >Nuclear Weapons and the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/us\/2014\/231697.htm\" >Nuclear Weapons Testing: History, Progress, Challenges: Verifications and Entry into Force of the CTBT \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/avc\/rls\/202015.htm\" >US Nuclear Weapons Stockpile Life Extension Programs \u2013 January 3, 2013 \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/research\/articles\/2014\/04\/28-50-nuclear-facts\" >50 Facts About US Nuclear Weapons Today \u2013 April 28, 2014 \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/research\/lecture\/2012\/08\/the-future-of-the-us-nuclear-triad\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Program, by Michaela Dodge \u2013 The Heritage Foundation<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.armscontrol.org\/act\/1997_05\/nas\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Policy \u2013 Arms Control Association<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252183576_The_Future_of_the_U.S._Nuclear_Weapons_Program\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Program, by Linton F. Brooks \u2013 ResearchGate.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/us\/2014\/233254.htm\" >US Nuclear Weapons Policy in the 21<sup>st<\/sup> Century \u2013 Rose Gottemoeller, Under Secretary\u00a0for Arms Control and International Security, \u00a0Dixie State University, St. George, Utah \u2013 October 21, 2014 \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Nevada Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fas.org\/nuke\/guide\/usa\/facility\/nts.htm\" >NEVADA TEST SITE \u2013 FAS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/wmd\/facility\/nts.htm\" >NEVADA TEST SITE \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.onlinenevada.org\/articles\/nevada-test-site-overview\" >Nevada Test Site Overview \u2013 OnlineNevada.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/about\/projects\/archive\/nucweapons\/nts\" >Nuclear testing at the Nevada Test Site \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/toxipedia.org\/display\/wanmec\/Nevada+Test+Site\" >Nevada Test Site \u2013 Toxipedia.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/digital.library.unlv.edu\/ntsohp\/\" >Nevada Test Site \u2013 Oral History Project<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/archure.net\/liberty\/nukenevada.html\" >NUKE TESTING in NEVADA \u2013 Archure.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nv.doe.gov\/library\/publications\/Environmental\/DOENV_11718_594.pdf\" >ECOLOGY OF THE NEVADA TEST SITE: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nevadatestsite.info\/\" >Nevada Test Site Workers Exposed to Radiation \u2013 National Cancer Benefits Center \u2013 NevadaTestSite.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/about\/projects\/archive\/nucweapons\/50\" >50 Facts About the US Nuclear Weapons \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Usa\/Tests\/\" >Gallery of US Nuclear Tests \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.acq.osd.mil\/ncbdp\/nm\/nm_book_5_11\/index.htm\" >The Nuclear Matters Handbook<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Ecological and Health Issues in and around the Nevada Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/cdclv.unlv.edu\/healthnv\/environment.html\" >Environment and the Quality of Life in Nevada \u2013 UNLV.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nv.doe.gov\/library\/publications\/Environmental\/DOENV_11718_594.pdf\" ><em>ECONLGOY OF THE NEVADA TEST SITE: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY WITH NARRATIVE SUMMARY, KEY WORD INDEX, AND SPECIES LISTS<\/em> \u2013 DOE\/NEV\/11718-594<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.osti.gov\/scitech\/biblio\/6458066\" ><em>Nevada Applied Ecology Information Center: a review of technical information support provided to the Nevada Applied Ecology Group<\/em> \u2013 Sci-Tech Connect<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/ecologycenter.org\/terrainmagazine\/summer-2002\/sovereignty-at-shoshone-mountain\/\" >\u201c<em>Between 1951 and 1992, the United States bombed its own soil with nuclear weapons \u2014 945 times. All but 17 of those explosions took place on a stretch of basin-and-range desert northwest of Las Vegas called the Nevada Test Site (NTS),\u2026<\/em>\u201d \u2013 Sovereignty at Shoshone Mountain \u2013 EcologyCenter.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.princeton.edu\/%7Eota\/disk1\/1989\/8909\/8909.PDF\" ><em>The Containment of Underground Nuclear Explosions<\/em> \u2013 Princeton.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nevadatestsite.info\/\" >Nevada Test Site Workers Exposed to Radiation \u2013 National Cancer Benefits Center<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1969\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear tests<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Novaya_Zemlya\" >Novaya Zemlya<\/a> USSR.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>USSR Nuclear Tests in 1969:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1969_Soviet_nuclear_tests\" >1969 Soviet nuclear tests &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em>For some more pertinent information, see <\/em>\u201c<strong>1970 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Novaya_Zemlya\" >Novaya Zemlya<\/a> USSR\u201d, mentioned above.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1968\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jim_Hines\" >Jim Hines<\/a> of the United States of America becomes the first man ever to break the so-called \u201cten-second barrier\u201d in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/100_metres\" >100-meter sprint<\/a> in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Summer_Olympic_Games\" >Summer Olympic Games<\/a> held in Mexico City with a time of 9.95 seconds.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1968\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Apollo_program\" >Apollo program<\/a>: The first live TV <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Broadcasting\" >broadcast<\/a>, by American astronauts in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Low_Earth_orbit\" >orbit<\/a>, was performed by the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Apollo_7\" >Apollo 7<\/a> crew.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1968\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vietnam_War\" >Vietnam War<\/a>: The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States_Department_of_Defense\" >United States Department of Defense<\/a> announces that the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/U.S._Army\" >US Army<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/U.S._Marine_Corps\" >US Marine Corps<\/a> will send about 24,000 soldiers and Marines back to <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vietnam\" >Vietnam<\/a> for involuntary second tours of duty in the combat zone there.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1968<\/strong><strong>\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vietnam_War\" >Vietnam War<\/a>: Twenty-seven soldiers are arrested at the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Presidio_of_San_Francisco\" >Presidio of San Francisco<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/California\" >California<\/a> for their peaceful protest of stockade conditions and the Vietnam War.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Vietnam War in 1968:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1968_in_the_Vietnam_War\" >1968 in the Vietnam War &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyplace.com\/unitedstates\/vietnam\/index-1965.html\" >Vietnam War 1965-1968 \u2013 historyplace.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Anti-Viet Nam War Movement or Opposition to United States involvement in the Vietnam War:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Opposition_to_United_States_involvement_in_the_Vietnam_War\" >Opposition to United States involvement in the Vietnam War \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/vietnam-war\/vietnam-war-protests\" >VIET NAM WAR PROTESTS \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.english.illinois.edu\/maps\/vietnam\/antiwar.html\" >The Anti-War Movement in the United States, by Mark Barringer \u2013 Illinois.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/1stbn4thmarines.net\/operations\/vietnam\/page_13.htm\" >\u201c<em>Opposition to the Vietnam War tended to unite groups opposed to U.S. anti-communism, <\/em>imperialism <em>and <\/em>colonialism <em>and , for those involved with the <\/em>New Left <em>such as the <\/em>Catholic Worker Movement<em>, capitalism itself<\/em>.\u00a0\u201d \u2013 Opposition to the Viet Nam War: 1962-1975<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/libcom.org\/history\/vietnam-gi-resistance\" >1961-1975: GI resistance in the Viet Nam War \u2013 Libcom.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/wgbh\/amex\/twodays\/peopleevents\/e_antiwar.html\" >Student Antiwar Protests and the Backlash \u2013 PBS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lib.berkeley.edu\/MRC\/pacificaviet.html\" >The Pacifica Radio\/UC Berkeley \u2013 Social Activism Sound Recording Project \u2013 Anti-Viet Nam War Protests in San Francisco Bay Area &amp; Beyond \u2013 Berkeley.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.wisconsinhistory.org\/turningpoints\/tp-040\/?action=more_essay\" >Viet Nam and Opposition at Home \u2013 Wisconsin Historical Society \u2013 WisconsinHistory.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/spartacus-educational.com\/VNprotest.htm\" >Viet Nam Protest Movement \u2013 Spartacus-Educational.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1968_in_the_Vietnam_War\" >1968 in the Viet Nam War \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1964\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Leonid_Brezhnev\" >Leonid Brezhnev<\/a> becomes the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/General_Secretary_of_the_Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union<\/a>, and thereby, along with his allies, such as <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alexei_Kosygin\" >Alexei Kosygin<\/a>, the leader of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Union_of_Soviet_Socialist_Republics\" >Union of Soviet Socialist Republics<\/a> (USSR), ousting the former monolithic leader <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nikita_Khrushchev\" >Nikita Khrushchev<\/a>, and sending him into retirement as a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nonperson\" >nonperson<\/a> in the USSR.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Leonid Brezhnev<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.biography.com\/people\/leonid-ilich-brezhnev-9225734\" >Leonid Ilich Brezhnev \u2013 Biography.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/historyguide.org\/Europe\/brezhnev.html\" >Leonid Brezhnev (1906-1982) \u2013 The History Guide \u2013 HistoryGuide.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/russiapedia.rt.com\/prominent-russians\/leaders\/leonid-brezhnev\/\" >Prominent Russians \u2013 Leonid Brezhnev \u2013 December 19, 1906 \u2013 November 10, 1982 \u2013 RT.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Leonid-Ilich-Brezhnev\" >Leonid Ilich Brezhnev \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.u-s-history.com\/pages\/h1883.html\" >Leonid Brezhnev \u2013 UNITED STATES HISTORY \u2013 U-S-History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1964<\/strong><strong>\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Martin_Luther_King,_Jr.\" >Martin Luther King, Jr<\/a> receives the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nobel_Peace_Prize\" >Nobel Peace Prize<\/a> for combating racial inequality through nonviolence.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Martin Luther King, Jr.:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nobelprize.org\/nobel_prizes\/peace\/laureates\/1964\/king-bio.html\" >Martin Luther King, Jr. \u2013 Nobelprize.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/king-wins-nobel-peace-prize\" >OCT 14, 1964: ON THIS DAY IN HISTORY: King wins Nobel Prize<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/learning\/general\/onthisday\/big\/1014.html#article\" >\u201c<em>The 35-year-old civil rights leader is the youngest winner of the prize that Dr. Alfred Nobel instituted since the first was awarded in 1901. The prize honors acts \u2018for the furtherance of brotherhood among men and to the abolishment or reduction of standing armies and for the extension of these purposes<\/em>.\u2019\u201d \u2013 Martin Luther King Wins The Nobel Prize for Peace \u2013 The New York Times<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of the Civil Rights Movement in the United States \u2013 Overview:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/black-history\/civil-rights-movement\" >CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/American-civil-rights-movement\" >American civil rights movement \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/americanhistory.about.com\/od\/civilrights\/\" >Civil Rights Movement \u2013 About education \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.encyclopedia.com\/topic\/Civil_Rights_Movement.aspx\" >Civil Rights Movement \u2013 Encyclopedia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/bitesize\/ks3\/history\/20th_century\/civil_rights_movement_america\/revision\/2\/\" >Civil rights movement in America \u2013 Overview \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.gilderlehrman.org\/history-now\/2006-06\/civil-rights-movement\" >The Civil Rights Movement \u2013 History Now (Summer 2006) \u2013 GliderLehrman.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.georgiaencyclopedia.org\/articles\/history-archaeology\/civil-rights-movement\" >Civil Rights Movement \u2013 Civil Rights &amp; Modern Georgia, Since 1945 \u2013 New Georgia Encyclopedia \u2013 GeorgiaEncylopedia.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/black-culture\/explore\/civil-rights-movement\/\" >Civil Rights Movement (1954-1984) \u2013 PBS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/history\/recent\/civil_rights_america_03.shtml\" >Recent History \u2013 Better Day Coming: Civil Rights Movement in the 20<sup>th<\/sup> Century America, Professor Adam Fairclough \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.civilrights.org\/resources\/civilrights101\/chronology.html\" >Civil Rights Chronology \u2013 CivilRights.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/spot\/civilrightstimeline1.html\" >Civil Rights Timeline \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/sitinmovement.org\/\" >International Civil Rights Center &amp; Museum \u2013 SitiMovement.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Civil Rights Movements of Various Ethnic Minorities in the United States:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/libguides.mnhs.org\/civilrights\" >African-American Civil Rights Movement \u2013 MINNESOTA HISTORY CENTER \u2013 Libguides.MNHS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/African-American_Civil_Rights_Movement_%281954%E2%80%9368%29\" >Timeline of the African-American Civil Rights Movement (1954-68) \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.civilrights.org\/resources\/civilrights101\/native.html\" >Native Americans \u2013 Civil Rights 101 \u2013 CivilRights.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.albany.edu\/jmmh\/vol3\/chicano\/chicano.html\" >Chicano! History of the Mexican American Civil Rights Movement. \u2013 Albany.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/racerelations.about.com\/od\/historyofracerelations\/a\/RevisitingtheYellowPowerMovement.htm\" >Asian-American Civil Rights Movement \u2013 About education \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1962\u00a0<\/strong> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> (atmospheric) at Eastern Kazakh\/<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Semipalatinsk_Test_Site\" >Semipalatinsk<\/a> USSR.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>USSR Nuclear Tests in 1962:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1962_Soviet_nuclear_tests\" >1962 Soviet nuclear tests \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>USSR\u2019s Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovwpnprog.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/tests\/USSR-ntestsS.html\" >Database of nuclear tests, USSR\/Russia: overview \u2013 JohnstonArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Soviet Atmospheric Nuclear Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovatmtest.html\" >Soviet Atmospheric Tests \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/zvis.com\/nuclear\/ndb\/ussrnuks.shtml\" >USSR Atmospheric Nuclear Tests Database \u2013 Zvis.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovwpnprog.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/tests\/USSR-ntestsS.html\" >Database of nuclear tests, USSR\/Russia: overview \u2013 JohnstonArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/soviet_nuclear_testing_semipalatinsk_20th_anniversary\/24311518.html\" >Slow Death of Kazakhstan\u2019s Land Of Nuclear Tests \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty \u2013 RFRL.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/large.stanford.edu\/courses\/2014\/ph241\/powell2\/docs\/vakulchuk.pdf\" >Semipalitinsk nuclear testing: the humanitarian consequences \u2013 Norwegian Institute of International Affairs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thebulletin.org\/lasting-toll-semipalatinsks-nuclear-testing\" >The lasting toll of Semipalitinsk\u2019s nuclear testing \u2013 TheBulletin.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/12566948_External_doses_of_residents_near_Semipalatinsk_nuclear_test_site\" >External Doses of Residents near Semipalitinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 ResearchGate.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.irpa.net\/irpa10\/cdrom\/00504.pdf\" >Radiation Exposure on Residents due to Semipalitinsk Nuclear Tests \u2013 IRPA.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Effect and\/or Impact of Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/page-3-effects-of-nuclear-weapon-testing-by-the-soviet-union\/\" >Page 3: Effects of Nuclear Weapon Testing by the Soviet Union \u2013 Economic, social, and environmental impacts \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/general-overview-of-theeffects-of-nuclear-testing\/\" >GENERAL OVERVIEW OF THE EFFECTS OF NUCLEAR TESTING \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/slashdot.org\/story\/13\/08\/20\/1738213\/the-secret-effort-to-clean-up-a-former-soviet-nuclear-test-site\" >The Secret Effort To Clean Up a Former Soviet Nuclear Test Site \u2013 Slashdot.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/citeseerx.ist.psu.edu\/viewdoc\/summary?doi=10.1.1.543.8580\" >A Review of Nuclear Testing by the Soviet Union at Novaya, by Vitaly I. Khalturin , Tatyana G. Rautian , Paul G. Richards , and William S. Leith \u2013 CiteSeerX- PSU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1962\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cuban_Missile_Crisis\" >Cuban Missile Crisis<\/a> begins: A US Air Force <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lockheed_U-2\" >U-2 reconnaissance plane<\/a> and its <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aviator\" >pilot<\/a> fly over the island of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cuba\" >Cuba<\/a> and take photographs of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soviet_Union\" >Soviet<\/a> missiles capable of carrying <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nuclear_warhead\" >nuclear warheads<\/a> being installed and erected in Cuba.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Cuban Missile Crisis:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/cold-war\/cuban-missile-crisis\" >CUBAN MISSILE CR2SIS \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/microsites.jfklibrary.org\/cmc\/\" >THE WORLD ON THE BRINK \u2013 JFKLibrary.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jfklibrary.org\/JFK\/JFK-in-History\/Cuban-Missile-Crisis.aspx\" >Cuban Missile Crisis \u2013 JFKLibrary.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/edsitement.neh.gov\/lesson-plan\/missiles-october-cuban-missile-crisis-1962\" >The Cuban Missile Crisis, 1962: The Missile of October \u2013 NEH.gov<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/bos.sagepub.com\/content\/68\/6\/85.full\" >The Cuban Missile Crisis: A nuclear order of battle, October and November 1962 \u2013 SagePub.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/topics.nytimes.com\/top\/reference\/timestopics\/subjects\/c\/cuban_missile_crisis\/index.html\" >Cuban Missile Crisis \u2013 Articles about the Cuban Missile Crisis \u2013 The New York Times<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cubanmissilecrisis.org\/\" >Cuban Missile Crisis \u2013 Harvard Kennedy School \u2013 CubanMissileCrisis.org<\/a>, <em><strong>and<\/strong><\/em> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cubanmissilecrisis.org\/background\/\" >About the Crisis<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/1962\/oct\/28\/cuba\" >A chance to save the world \u2013 TheGuardian.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Timeline of the Cuban Missile Crisis:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.softschools.com\/timelines\/cuban_missile_crisis_timeline\/108\/\" >Cuban Missile Crisis Timeline \u2013 SoftSchool.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/worldhistoryproject.org\/topics\/cuban-missile-crisis\" >Cuban Missile Crisis timeline \u2013 WorldHistoryProject.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thecubancrisis.weebly.com\/timeline.html\" >The Cuban Missile Crisis \u2013 Weebly.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyofcuba.com\/history\/Crisis\/crisis2.htm\" >THE CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS TIMELINE \u2013 HistoryOfCuba.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/cubanmissilecrisiscjcummings.weebly.com\/13-days-of-crisis-timeline.html\" >13 DAYS OF CRISIS TIMELINE \u2013 Cuban Missile Crisis \u2013 Weebly.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/classroom.sdmesa.edu\/aoberbauer\/Shared%20Documents\/Cuban%20Missile%20Crisis_%20Timeline.pdf\" >Cuban Missile Crisis Timeline \u2013 SDMesa.edu \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1958\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-united-states-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >US performs nuclear test<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nevada_Test_Site\" >Nevada Test Site<\/a>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>For some more pertinent information, see<\/em> \u201c<strong>1970 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-united-states-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >US performs nuclear test<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nevada_Test_Site\" >Nevada Test Site<\/a>\u201d, mentioned above.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1958\u00a0 <\/strong>The American <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/U.S._Atomic_Energy_Commission\" >Atomic Energy Commission<\/a>, with supporting military units, carries out an underground <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nuclear_weapon_test\" >nuclear weapon test<\/a> at the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nevada_Test_Site\" >Nevada Test Site<\/a>, just north of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Las_Vegas\" >Las Vegas<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Nuclear Weapons and the United States:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nuclear_weapons_and_the_United_States\" >Nuclear Weapons and the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.atomcentral.com\/the-cold-war.aspx\" >The Cold War \u2013 AtomCentral.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/us\/2014\/231697.htm\" >Nuclear Weapons Testing: History, Progress, Challenges: Verifications and Entry into Force of the CTBT \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/avc\/rls\/202015.htm\" >US Nuclear Weapons Stockpile Life Extension Programs \u2013 January 3, 2013 \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/research\/articles\/2014\/04\/28-50-nuclear-facts\" >50 Facts About US Nuclear Weapons Today \u2013 April 28, 2014 \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/research\/lecture\/2012\/08\/the-future-of-the-us-nuclear-triad\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Program, by Michaela Dodge \u2013 The Heritage Foundation<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.armscontrol.org\/act\/1997_05\/nas\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Policy \u2013 Arms Control Association<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252183576_The_Future_of_the_U.S._Nuclear_Weapons_Program\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Program, by Linton F. Brooks \u2013 ResearchGate.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/us\/2014\/233254.htm\" >US Nuclear Weapons Policy in the 21<sup>st<\/sup> Century \u2013 Rose Gottemoeller, Under Secretary\u00a0for Arms Control and International Security, \u00a0Dixie State University, St. George, Utah \u2013 October 21, 2014 \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Atomic Energy Commission of the United States:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/AppData\/Local\/Temp\/energy.gov\/sites\/prod\/files\/AEC%20History.pdf\" >The Atomic Energy Commission \u2013 United States \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/military.wikia.com\/wiki\/United_States_Atomic_Energy_Commission\" >United States Atomic Energy Commission \u2013 Military.Wikia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atomic_Energy_Act_of_1946\" >Atomic Energy Act of 1946 \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/atomic-energy-commission.html\" >Atomic Energy Commission \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.archives.gov\/research\/guide-fed-records\/groups\/326.html\" >Records of the Atomic Energy Commission<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of the Atomic Energy Commission of the United States:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.atomictraveler.com\/HistoryofAEC.pdf\" >A HISTORY OF THE ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION, by Alice L. Buck \u2013 July 1983 \u2013 AtomicTravler.com \u2013 pdf<\/a>, <em><strong>or<\/strong><\/em> the same paper on this site: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.readbag.com\/atomictraveler-historyofaec\" >com \u2013 pdf downloadable<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Nevada Test Site:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_United_States\" >List of the nuclear weapons tests of the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fas.org\/nuke\/guide\/usa\/facility\/nts.htm\" >NEVADA TEST SITE \u2013 FAS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/wmd\/facility\/nts.htm\" >NEVADA TEST SITE \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.onlinenevada.org\/articles\/nevada-test-site-overview\" >Nevada Test Site Overview \u2013 OnlineNevada.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/about\/projects\/archive\/nucweapons\/nts\" >Nuclear testing at the Nevada Test Site \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/toxipedia.org\/display\/wanmec\/Nevada+Test+Site\" >Nevada Test Site \u2013 Toxipedia.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/digital.library.unlv.edu\/ntsohp\/\" >Nevada Test Site \u2013 Oral History Project<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nv.doe.gov\/library\/publications\/Environmental\/DOENV_11718_594.pdf\" >ECOLOGY OF THE NEVADA TEST SITE: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nevadatestsite.info\/\" >Nevada Test Site Workers Exposed to Radiation \u2013 National Cancer Benefits Center \u2013 NevadaTestSite.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/about\/projects\/archive\/nucweapons\/50\" >50 Facts About the US Nuclear Weapons \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Usa\/Tests\/\" >Gallery of US Nuclear Tests \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.acq.osd.mil\/ncbdp\/nm\/nm_book_5_11\/index.htm\" >The Nuclear Matters Handbook<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1956\u00a0 <\/strong>Dr <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/B._R._Ambedkar\" >B R Ambedkar<\/a>, the Indian <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dalit_%28outcaste%29\" >Untouchable caste<\/a> leader, converts to <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Buddhism\" >Buddhism<\/a> along with 385,000 of his followers (see <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Neo-Buddhism\" >Neo-Buddhism<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Battle of Triangle Hill:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/sangharakshita.org\/_books\/Ambedkar_and_Buddhism.pdf\" >Ambedkar and Buddhism, by Sangharakshita \u2013 Sangharakshita.org \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dalit_Buddhist_movement\" >\u201c<em>The <\/em><strong><em>Dalit Buddhist movement<\/em><\/strong><em> (dubbed as Navayana by certain Ambedkerites) is a 19th and 20th-century Buddhist revival movement in India. It received its most substantial impetus from B. R. Ambedkar\u2019s call for the conversion of Dalits to Buddhism, in 1956, to escape a caste-based society that considered them to be the lowest in the hierarchy. Ambedkar saw Buddhism as a means to end the caste system in India<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Dalit Buddhist movement \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/sangharakshita.org\/_books\/Ambedkar_and_Buddhism.pdf\" >New Buddhism for New Aspirations \u2013 Navayana Buddhism of Ambedkar and His Followers, by Virginia Handcock \u2013 Manushi-India.org \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/koenraadelst.bharatvani.org\/books\/wiah\/ch11.htm\" >Are neo-Buddhist Hindus?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.archive.org\/stream\/DalitAutobiographies\/thesis_submitted_29-02-2012_djvu.txt\" >Full text of Dalit autobiographies \u2013 Archive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/bamu.ac.in\/history.htm\" >Dr Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University Aurangabad (M.S.) India<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1952\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Korean_War\" >Korean War<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Nations\" >United Nations<\/a> and South Korean forces launch <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Operation_Showdown\" >Operation Showdown<\/a> against Chinese strongholds at the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Iron_Triangle_%28Korea%29\" >Iron Triangle<\/a>. The resulting <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Triangle_Hill\" >Battle of Triangle Hill<\/a> is the biggest and bloodiest battle of 1952.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Battle of Triangle Hill:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/worldhistoryproject.org\/1952\/10\/14\/battle-of-triangle-hill\" >Oct 14 to Nov 25 1952 \u2013 Battle of Triangle Hill \u2013 WorldHistoryProject.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/military.wikia.com\/wiki\/Battle_of_Triangle_Hill\" >Battle of Triangle Hill \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/historywarsweapons.com\/battle-of-triangle-hill-summary\/\" >Battle of Triangle Hill (Summary) \u2013 HistoryWarsWeapons.com \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/415vva.homestead.com\/Mil-Hist-Korea-Battle-of-Triangle-Hill.pdf\" >Korea \u2013 Battle of Triangle Hill \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.schiele.us\/battleDetail.asp?n=109\" >Battle of Triangle Hill \u2013 Korean War \u2013 October 14 through October 25, 1952 \u2013 12 Days \u2013 Schiele.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/history.cultural-china.com\/en\/34History12407.html\" >Battle of Triangle Hill: the War in 1952 \u2013 Cultural China<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldlibrary.org\/articles\/Battle_of_Triangle_Hill\" >BATTLE OF TRIANGLE HILL \u2013 World Public Library \u2013 WorldLibrary.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ovguide.com\/battle-of-triangle-hill-9202a8c04000641f800000000ab1d4a4\" >Battle of Triangle Hill Video \u2013 OVGuide.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.realclearhistory.com\/2011\/10\/14\/futile_battle_on_korea039s_triangle_hill_454.html\" >Futile Battle on Korea\u2019s Triable Hill, by Richard Ecker \u2013 Veterans of Foreign Wars \u2013 October 14, 2011 \u2013 RealClearHistory.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/61224005\" >GRIM BATTLE FOR TRIANGLE HILL \u2013 NLA.gov.au<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Korean War:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/korean-war\" >KOREAN WAR \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.trumanlibrary.org\/whistlestop\/study_collections\/koreanwar\/index.php\" >Korean War and Its Origins \u2013 Documents \u2013 TrumanLibrary.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.archives.gov\/research\/alic\/reference\/military\/korean-war.html\" >Military Resources: Korean War \u2013 NARA Resources<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1945-1952\/korean-war-2\" >Korean War, 1951-1953 \u2013 OFFICE of the HISTORIAN \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/militaryhistory.about.com\/od\/battleswars1900s\/tp\/The-Korean-War.htm\" >The Korean War: An Overview, by Kennedy Hickman \u2013 About education \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Korean-War\" >Korean War \u2013 1950-1953 \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/korean-war.html\" >Korean War \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.encyclopedia.com\/topic\/Korean_War.aspx\" >Korean War \u2013 Encyclopedia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/wgbh\/amex\/bomb\/peopleevents\/pandeAMEX58.html\" >People &amp; Events \u2013 The Korean War \u2013 AMERICAN EXPERIENCE \u2013 PBS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ushistory.org\/us\/52e.asp\" >The Korean War \u2013 US History.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/history-world.org\/korean_war.htm\" >KOREAN WAR, edited by R A Guisepi \u2013 History-World.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/history\/worldwars\/coldwar\/korea_hickey_01.shtml\" >The Korean War: An Overview \u2013 History \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/korean-war\/videos\" >KOREAN WAR VIDEOS \u2013 KOREAN WAR \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historycentral.com\/korea\/index.html\" >\u201c<em>The Korean War is the forgotten war of the 20th century. Maybe it was because it took place so soon after the end of of Wolrd War II, or maybe because it ended in a stalment and to this day that stalemate has not been resolved. For whatever reason it was a war that no great movie(other then the TV show Mash) were done about it, there was never much discussion about it. But for the 5,720,000 US troops who served, of which 36,995 died and another 103,235 were wounded it was every bit a war<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 HistoryCentral.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/abcnews.go.com\/topics\/news\/history\/korean-war.htm\" >Korean War News \u2013 ABC.go.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Korean War Timelines:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sparknotes.com\/history\/american\/koreanwar\/timeline.html\" >THE KOREAN WAR (1950-1953) \u2013 Timeline \u2013 SparkNotes.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.koreanwar60.com\/timeline-korean-war-events\" >Timeline of the Korean War Events \u2013 KoreanWar60.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.shmoop.com\/korean-war\/timeline.html\" >THE KOREAN WAR TIMELINE \u2013 Shmoop.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.softschools.com\/timelines\/korean_war_timeline\/36\/\" >Korean War \u2013Timeline Description \u2013 SoftSchool.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyguy.com\/korean_war_timeline.htm\" >Korean War \u2013 Timeline \u2013 The History Guy \u2013 HistoryGuy.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/totallyhistory.com\/us-history\/korean-war\/\" >Korean War \u2013 Pre-Korean War Timeline and the Korean War Timeline \u2013 TotallyHistory.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.koreanwaronline.com\/arms\/TimeLine.htm\" >KOREAN WAR TIMELINE \u2013 KoreanWarOnline.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1949\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_Civil_War\" >Chinese Civil War<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/People%27s_Liberation_Army\" >Chinese Communist forces<\/a> occupy the city of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guangzhou\" >Guangzhou<\/a> (Canton), in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guangdong\" >Guangdong<\/a>, China.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1949\u00a0 <\/strong>Eleven leaders of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/American_Communist_Party\" >American Communist Party<\/a> are convicted, after a nine-month trial in a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Federal_District_Court\" >Federal District Court<\/a>, of conspiring to advocate the violent overthrow of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/U.S._Federal_Government\" >US Federal Government<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1947\u00a0 <\/strong>Captain <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chuck_Yeager\" >Chuck Yeager<\/a> of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States_Air_Force\" >United States Air Force<\/a> flies a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bell_X-1\" >Bell X-1<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rocket\" >rocket<\/a>-powered <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Experimental_aircraft\" >experimental aircraft<\/a>, the <em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Glamorous_Glennis\" >Glamorous Glennis<\/a><\/em>, faster than the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Speed_of_sound\" >speed of sound<\/a> over the high desert of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Southern_California\" >Southern California<\/a> and becomes the first pilot and the first airplane to do so in level flight.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1944\u00a0 <\/strong>Linked to a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/20_July_plot\" >plot to assassinate Adolf Hitler<\/a>, Field Marshal <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Erwin_Rommel\" >Erwin Rommel<\/a> is forced to commit suicide.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1944\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_II\" >World War II<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Athens\" >Athens<\/a>, Greece, is liberated by British Army troops entering the city as the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wehrmacht\" >Wehrmacht<\/a> pulls out. This clears the way for the Greek government-in-exile to return to its historic capital city, with <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/George_Papandreou_%28senior%29\" >George Papandreou, Sr.<\/a>, as the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Head_of_government\" >head of government<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1943\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_II\" >World War II<\/a>: The American <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eighth_Air_Force\" >Eighth Air Force<\/a> loses 60 <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/B-17_Flying_Fortress\" >B-17 Flying Fortress<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Heavy_bomber\" >heavy bombers<\/a> in aerial combat during the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Second_Raid_on_Schweinfurt\" >second mass-daylight air raid on the Schweinfurt<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ball_bearing\" >ball bearing<\/a> factories in western <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nazi_Germany\" >Nazi Germany<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1943\u00a0 <\/strong>Prisoners at the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nazi_Germany\" >Nazi German<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sobib%C3%B3r_extermination_camp\" >Sobib\u00f3r extermination camp<\/a> in Poland revolt against the Germans, killing eleven SS guards, and wounding many more. About 300 of the Sobibor Camp\u2019s 600 prisoners escape, and about 50 of these survive the end of the war.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Sobib\u00f3r Extermination Camp:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/Holocaust\/Sobibor.html\" >Sobibor Extermination Camp: History &amp; Overview \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Sobibor\" >Sobibor \u2013 Nazi extermination camp, Poland \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.deathcamps.org\/Sobibor\/sobibor.html\" >Sobibor Camp History \u2013 DeathCamps.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historytoday.com\/althea-williams\/sobib%C3%B3r-other-great-escape\" >Sobib\u00f3r: The Other Great Escape \u2013 HistoryToday.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theholocaustexplained.org\/ks3\/the-final-solution\/the-death-camps\/sobibor\/#.Vg6xBpeufX4\" >\u201c<em>Sobibor extermination camp was located in the Lublin district of Poland, close to the village and railway station of Sobibor. The Germans established the camp in March 1942. Between April 1942 and October 1943, approximately half a million Jews were murdered there. The camp was closed down at the end of 1943 after a prisoners\u2019 uprising in October of that same year<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 THE HOLOCAUST EXPLAINED \u2013 TheHolocaustExplained.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.deathcamps.info\/new_page_2.htm\" >Death Camp Sobibor \u2013 DeathCamps.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fold3.com\/page\/94257002_sobibor_extermination_camp\/\" >Place Page: Sobibor Extermination Camp (1942-1943) \u2013 Fold3.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1939\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/German_submarine_U-47_%281938%29\" >German submarine\u00a0<em>U-47<\/em><\/a> sinks the British battleship <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/HMS_Royal_Oak_%2808%29\" >HMS\u00a0<em>Royal Oak<\/em><\/a> within her harbour at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Scapa_Flow\" >Scapa Flow<\/a>, Scotland.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1933\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nazi_Germany\" >Nazi Germany<\/a> withdraws from the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/League_of_Nations\" >League of Nations<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Nazi Germany\u2019s Withdrawal from the League of Nations:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.thejc.com\/news\/on-day\/39302\/on-day-nazi-germany-pulls-out-league-nations\" >On this day: Nazi Germany pulls out of the League of Nations \u2013 October 14 1933: Adolf Hitler announces Germany is withdrawing from the international organization \u2013 TheJC.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.wdl.org\/en\/item\/11598\/\" >\u201c<em>In October 1933, some nine months after Adolf Hitler was appointed chancellor of Germany, the German government announced its withdrawal from the League of Nations. The ostensible reason was the refusal of the Western powers to acquiesce in Germany\u2019s demands for military parity. With this curt letter, dated October 19, 1933, Foreign Minister Konstantin Freiherr von Neurath informed the League of Nations secretary-general, Joseph Avenol, of Germany\u2019s withdrawal<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Withdrawal of Germany from the League of Nations. Letter from Konstantin von Neurath \u2013 WDL.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/indiana.edu\/%7Eleague\/1933.htm\" >Chronology 1933 \u2013 Indiana.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ushmm.org\/wlc\/en\/media_fi.php?ModuleId=10005203&amp;MediaId=201\" >GERMAN FORIEIGN POLICY, 1933-1945 \u2013 HISTORICAL FILM FOOTAGE \u2013 Holocaust Encyclopedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>League of Nations:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/League-of-Nations\" >League of Nations \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/league-nations.html\" >League of Nations \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/spartacus-educational.com\/FWWleague.htm\" >League of Nations \u2013 Spartacus-Eductional.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.encyclopedia.com\/topic\/League_of_Nations.aspx\" >League of Nations \u2013 Encyclopedia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theamericanconservative.com\/articles\/why-the-league-of-nations-failed\/\" >Why the League of Nations Failed, by Patrick J. Buchanan \u2013 March 10, 2003 \u2013 TheAmericanConservative.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Covenant of the League of Nations:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Text of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/avalon.law.yale.edu\/20th_century\/leagcov.asp\" >Covenant of the League of Nations \u2013 Avalon Project \u2013 Yale Law School<\/a>, <em><strong>or<\/strong><\/em> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.refworld.org\/docid\/3dd8b9854.html\" >this web site of RefWorld.org \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Covenant_of_the_League_of_Nations\" >Covenant of the League of the Nations \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Covenant-of-the-League-of-Nations\" >Covenant of the League of Nations \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1925\u00a0 <\/strong>An Anti-French uprising in French-occupied <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Damascus,_Syria\" >Damascus, Syria<\/a>. (All French inhabitants flee the city.)<\/p>\n<p><strong>1920\u00a0 <\/strong>Part of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pechengsky_District\" >Petsamo Province<\/a> is ceded by the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soviet_Union\" >Soviet Union<\/a> to Finland.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1915\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_I\" >World War I<\/a>: The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kingdom_of_Bulgaria\" >Kingdom of Bulgaria<\/a> joins the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Central_Powers\" >Central Powers<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1808\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Republic_of_Ragusa\" >Republic of Ragusa<\/a> is annexed by France.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1806\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Jena%E2%80%93Auerstedt\" >Battle of Jena\u2013Auerstedt<\/a> France defeats <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Prussia\" >Prussia<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1805\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Elchingen\" >Battle of Elchingen<\/a>, France defeats Austria.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>OCTOBER 15<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>2013\u00a0 <\/strong>A 7 point 2-<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Surface_wave_magnitude\" >magnitude<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2013_Bohol_earthquake\" >earthquake strikes<\/a> the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Philippines\" >Philippines<\/a>, resulting in more than 215 deaths.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2011\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/15_October_2011_global_protests\" >Global protests<\/a> break out in 120 cities in 48 countries.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Global Protests and\/or Occupy Movement on Saturday, October 15, 2011 and Beyond:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thinkprogress.org\/special\/2011\/10\/13\/342853\/99-percent-movement-goes-global\/\" >On 15 Oct. 15, The 99 Percent Movement Goes Global As Hundreds Of Protests In 71 Countries Are Planned, by Zaid Jilani \u2013 Oct 13, 2011 \u2013 ThinkProgress.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/occupywallst.org\/article\/october-15th-global-protest-info\/\" >October 15<sup>th<\/sup> Global Day Of Action \u2013 OccupyWallSt.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.demotix.com\/news\/880050\/indignados-october-15-march-brussels#media-879885\" >Indignados October 15 March in Brussels \u2013 DEMOTIX.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.naplesnews.com\/business\/occupy-naples-demonstration-mirrors-global-protest\" >Occupy Naples Protest: Oct 15, 2011 \u2013 Naples Daily News \u2013 NaplesNews.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Occupy_movement\" >Occupy movement \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/global\/2011\/oct\/15\/occupy-movement-occupy-wall-street\" >Occupy the London Stock Exchange \u2013 Saturday, October 15, 2011 \u2013 TheGuardian.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/beforeitsnews.com\/alternative\/2011\/10\/origins-and-philosophy-behind-occupy-movement-1296492.html\" >Origins and Philosophy Behind Occupy Movement \u2013 Before It\u2019s News \u2013 BeforeItsNews.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.counterpunch.org\/2011\/09\/26\/the-philosophy-behind-occupy-wall-street\/\" >The Philosophy behind \u201cOccupy Wall Street\u201d, by Vijay Prashad \u2013 September 26, 2011 \u2013 CounterPunch.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.foxnews.com\/opinion\/2011\/10\/25\/red-army-behind-occupy-wall-street.html\" >\u2018Red Army\u2019 Behind Occupy Wall Street? , by Aaron Klein \u2013 October 25, 2011 \u2013 Opinion \u2013 Fox News \u2013 FoxNews.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/news\/datablog\/video\/2011\/nov\/16\/99-v-1-occupy-data-animation\" >99% v 1%: the data behind the Occupy movement \u2013 animation \u2013 16 November 2011 \u2013 The Guardian \u2013 TheGuardian.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.prospectmagazine.co.uk\/politics\/occupy-failed-adbusters-on-year-anniversary\" >Why Occupy Failed, by Alasdair Roberts \u2013 June 21, 2012 \u2013 ProspectMagazine.co.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theatlantic.com\/politics\/archive\/2015\/06\/the-triumph-of-occupy-wall-street\/395408\/\" >The Triumph of Occupy Wall Street, by Michael Levitin \u2013 Jun 10, 2015 \u2013 TheAtlantic.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2008\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dow_Jones_Industrial_Average\" >Dow Jones Industrial Average<\/a> closed down 733.08 points, or 7.87%, the second <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Black_Monday_%281987%29\" >worst day in the Dow\u2019s history<\/a> based on a percentage drop.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2007\u00a0 <\/strong>Seventeen activists in New Zealand are arrested in the country\u2019s first post 9\/11 <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2007_New_Zealand_anti-terror_raids\" >anti-terrorism raids<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2005\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2005_Toledo_Riot\" >A riot<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Toledo,_Ohio\" >Toledo, Ohio<\/a> breaks out during a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Neo-Nazi\" >National Socialist\/Neo-Nazi<\/a> protest; over 100 are arrested.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2003\u00a0 <\/strong>China launches <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shenzhou_5\" >Shenzhou 5<\/a>, its first <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Manned_space_mission\" >manned space mission<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2001\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/NASA\" >NASA<\/a>\u2018s <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Galileo_spacecraft\" >Galileo spacecraft<\/a> passes within 112 miles of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jupiter\" >Jupiter<\/a>\u2018s moon <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Io_%28moon%29\" >Io<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1997\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cassini-Huygens_Mission\" >Cassini probe<\/a> launches from <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cape_Canaveral\" >Cape Canaveral<\/a> on its way to <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Saturn\" >Saturn<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1997\u00a0 <\/strong>The first supersonic <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Land_speed_record\" >land speed record<\/a> is set by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Andy_Green\" >Andy Green<\/a> in <em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ThrustSSC\" >ThrustSSC<\/a><\/em> (United Kingdom), exactly 50 years and one day after <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chuck_Yeager\" >Chuck Yeager<\/a> first broke the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sound_barrier\" >sound barrier<\/a> in the Earth\u2019s atmosphere.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1993\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nobelprize.org\/nobel_prizes\/peace\/laureates\/1993\/press.html\" >The Norwegian Nobel Committee decides to award the Nobel Peace Prize for 1993<\/a> to <strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nobelprize.org\/nobel_prizes\/peace\/laureates\/1993\/mandela-facts.html\" >Nelson R. Mandela<\/a><\/strong> and <strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nobelprize.org\/nobel_prizes\/peace\/laureates\/1993\/klerk-facts.html\" >Frederik Willem de Klerk<\/a><\/strong> for their work for the peaceful termination of the apartheid regime, and for laying the foundations for a new democratic South Africa.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1990\u00a0 <\/strong>Soviet Union leader <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mikhail_Gorbachev\" >Mikhail Gorbachev<\/a> is awarded the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nobel_Peace_Prize\" >Nobel Peace Prize<\/a> for his efforts to lessen <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cold_War\" >Cold War<\/a> tensions and open up his nation.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1987\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Great_Storm_of_1987\" >Great Storm of 1987<\/a> hits France and England.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1985\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nobelprize.org\/nobel_prizes\/economic-sciences\/laureates\/1985\/press.html\" >The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences decides to award the l985 Alfred Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences<\/a> to Professor <strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nobelprize.org\/nobel_prizes\/economic-sciences\/laureates\/1985\/modigliani-facts.html\" >Franco Modigliani<\/a><\/strong>, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA,<\/p>\n<p><strong>1979\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Black_Monday_%28Malta%29\" >Black Monday<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Malta\" >Malta<\/a>. The Building of the Times of Malta, the residence of the opposition leader <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eddie_Fenech_Adami\" >Eddie Fenech Adami<\/a> and several <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nationalist_Party_%28Malta%29\" >Nationalist Party<\/a> clubs are ransacked and destroyed by supporters of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Malta_Labour_Party\" >Malta Labour Party<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1978\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> (underground) at Eastern Kazakh\/<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Semipalatinsk_Test_Site\" >Semipalatinsk<\/a> USSR.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>USSR Nuclear Tests in 1978:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1978_Soviet_nuclear_tests\" >1978 Soviet nuclear tests \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>USSR\u2019s Nuclear Tests at Eastern Kazakh\/<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Semipalatinsk_Test_Site\" >Semipalatinsk<\/a>:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>USSR\u2019s Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovwpnprog.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/tests\/USSR-ntestsS.html\" >Database of nuclear tests, USSR\/Russia: overview \u2013 JohnstonArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Effect and\/or Impact of Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/page-3-effects-of-nuclear-weapon-testing-by-the-soviet-union\/\" >Page 3: Effects of Nuclear Weapon Testing by the Soviet Union \u2013 Economic, social, and environmental impacts \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/general-overview-of-theeffects-of-nuclear-testing\/\" >GENERAL OVERVIEW OF THE EFFECTS OF NUCLEAR TESTING \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/slashdot.org\/story\/13\/08\/20\/1738213\/the-secret-effort-to-clean-up-a-former-soviet-nuclear-test-site\" >The Secret Effort To Clean Up a Former Soviet Nuclear Test Site \u2013 Slashdot.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/citeseerx.ist.psu.edu\/viewdoc\/summary?doi=10.1.1.543.8580\" >A Review of Nuclear Testing by the Soviet Union at Novaya, by Vitaly I. Khalturin , Tatyana G. Rautian , Paul G. Richards , and William S. Leith \u2013 CiteSeerX- PSU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Underground Nuclear Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tightflash.org\/all_911\/third_truth\/nuclear_demolition_basic\/USGSOFR01312.pdf\" >The Containment of Soviet Underground Nuclear Explosions, by Vitaly V. Adshkin, and William Leith \u2013 OPEN FILE REPROT 01-312, September 2001 \u2013 US DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/srl.geoscienceworld.org\/content\/86\/2A\/451.full.pdf\" >Political Seismology or Seismological Politics: Natural Resources Defense Council \u2013 USSR Experiments in Underground Nuclear Test Verification, by Anna Amramina<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2013\/02\/11\/world\/asia\/north-korea-underground-explosion-explainer\/index.html\" >What happens with an underground nuclear test? , by Kevin Voigt \u2013 February 19, 2013 \u2013 CNN<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nnsa.energy.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/nv_sweis\/environmentalimpact\/v2\/Appendix%20H.pdf\" >APPENDIX H \u2013 UNDERGROUND NUCLEAR TESTING<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/gajitz.com\/buried-history-underground-nuclear-weapons-tests\/\" >Buried History: Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 GAJITZ.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theblogbelow.com\/2008\/07\/underground-nuclear-test.html\" >Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 TheBlogBelow.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ldeo.columbia.edu\/res\/pi\/Monitoring\/Arch\/BRV_arch_exp.html\" >Borovoye Archive Data from Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 Columbia.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/of\/1993\/0501\/report.pdf\" >Physical Environment of the Underground Nuclear Test Site on Novaya Zemlya, Russia, by John R. Matzko \u2013 Open-File Report 93-501- Reston, Virginia \u2013 1993 \u2013 THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOGRAPHICAL SURVEY<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.boston.com\/bigpicture\/2009\/11\/kazakhstans_radioactive_legacy.html\" >Kazakhstan\u2019s radioactive legacy \u2013 Boston.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/wn.com\/semipalatinsk_test_site\" >\u201cMy home: nuclear base Semipalatinsk \u2013 21\u201d, Episode 02 \u201cMain Testing Field\u201d (Video: 3 min. 14 sec.) \u2013 WN.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/soviet_nuclear_testing_semipalatinsk_20th_anniversary\/24311518.html\" >Slow Death In Kazakhstan\u2019s Land Of Nuclear Tests \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/carlwillis.wordpress.com\/2012\/08\/13\/visit-to-the-semipalatinsk-nuclear-test-site\/\" >Visit to the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 SPEICAL NUCLEAR MATERIAL<\/a><\/li>\n<li>&#8211;<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www-ns.iaea.org\/appraisals\/semipalatinsk.asp\" >The Semipalatinsk Test Site, Kazakhstan \u2013 IAEA.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nti.org\/facilities\/732\/\" >Semipalatinsk Test Site \u2013 NTI.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/io9.com\/5988266\/the-tragic-story-of-the-semipalatinsk-nuclear-test-site\" >The Tragic Story of the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site, by Vincze Mikl\u00f3s \u2013 io9.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/Sixty_Years_After_First_Soviet_Nuclear_Test_Legacy_Of_Misery_Lives_On\/1809712.html\" >60 Years After First Soviet Nuclear Test, Legacy Of Misery Lives On In Kazakhstan \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty \u2013 Monday, August 10, 2015 \u2013 RFERL.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/2\/hi\/8236431.stm\" >Soviet nuclear tests leave Kazakh fallout \u2013 Sunday, 6 September 2009 \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/wp-dyn\/content\/story\/2010\/02\/24\/ST2010022403314.html?sid=ST2010022403314\" >In Kazakhstan, the race for uranium goes nuclear, by Philip P. Pan \u2013 Thursday, February 25, 2005 \u2013 The Washington Post<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclearno.com\/text.asp?17456\" >Secrets of Semipalatinsk: How nuclear theft was averted in Central Asia \u2013 NuclearNo.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/listverse.com\/2012\/05\/15\/top-10-nuclear-test-sites\/\" >Top 10 Nuclear Test Sites, Michael Affleck, May 15, 2012 \u2013 Our World \u2013 ListVerse.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Health, and Ecological Issues in Kazakhstan\/Semipalatinsk:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/reference.allrefer.com\/country-guide-study\/kazakhstan\/kazakhstan17.html\" >Kazakstan\/Kazakhstan \u2013 Environmental Problems \u2013 Reference.AllRefer.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclear-risks.org\/fileadmin\/user_upload\/pdfs\/HBWW_EN\/Semipalatinsk_EN_web.pdf\" >\u201cIn Semipalatinsk, the local population was exposed to high levels of radioactivity from nuclear weapon tests for several decades\u2026\u201d \u2013 Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: Nuclear test site \u2013 Nuclear-Risk.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/large.stanford.edu\/courses\/2014\/ph241\/powell2\/docs\/vakulchuk.pdf\" >Semipalatinsk nuclear testing: the humanitarian consequences \u2013 Norwegian Institute of International Affairs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclearfiles.org\/menu\/key-issues\/nuclear-weapons\/issues\/testing\/PDFs\/JC-143920%5B1%5D.pdf\" >Radionuclide Contamination at Kazakhstan\u2019s Semipalatinsk Test Site Implications on Human and Ecological Heath, by T.M. Carlsen, L.E. Peterson, B.A. Ulsh, C.A. Werner, K.L.Purvis, A.C. Sharber<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.irpa.net\/irpa10\/cdrom\/00504.pdf\" >Radiation Exposure on Residents due to Semipalatinsk Nuclear Tests \u2013 IRPA.net<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nukefreetexas.org\/downloads\/plutominum_uranium_semipalatinsk_test_site.pdf\" >Plutonium and Uranium in Human Bones from Areas surrounding the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 NukeFreeTexas.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.csmonitor.com\/World\/Asia-South-Central\/2013\/0828\/Secrets-of-Semipalatinsk-How-nuclear-theft-was-averted-in-Central-Asia\" >\u201cTheir research done on sample villages near the test site found cancer mortality rates 2-1\/2 times greater than those in a control village. The agency says some 356,000 people face radiation risk, with 70 percent of those being descendants of exposed villagers\u2026\u201d \u2013 Secrets of Semipalatinsk: How nuclear theft was averted in Central Asia \u2013 The Christian Science Monitor<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/cajgh.pitt.edu\/ojs\/index.php\/cajgh\/article\/view\/127\/0\" >Studies of Health Effects from Nuclear Testing near the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site Kazakhstan, by Bernd Grosche, Tamara Zhunussova, Kazbek Apsalikov, Ausrele Kesminiene<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.idosi.org\/wasj\/wasj23%285%2913\/19.pdf\" >Information Report on Biological Studies Conducted At the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 IDOSI.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/europepmc.org\/articles\/PMC3866702\" >Mortality from Cardiovascular Disease in the Semipalatinsk Historical Cohort, 1960 \u2013 1999, and its Relationship to Radiation Exposure \u2013 Europe PubMed Central<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1971\u00a0 <\/strong>The start of the 2500-year celebration of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Iran\" >Iran<\/a>, celebrating the birth of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Persia\" >Persia<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1970\u00a0 <\/strong>Thirty-five construction workers are killed when a section of the new <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/West_Gate_Bridge\" >West Gate Bridge<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Melbourne\" >Melbourne<\/a> collapses.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1969\u00a0 <\/strong>Vietnam War; The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moratorium_to_End_the_War_in_Vietnam\" >Moratorium to End the War in Vietnam<\/a> is held in Washington D.C. and across the US. Over two million demonstrate nationally; about 250,000 in Washington D.C..<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Vietnam War in 1969:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1969_in_the_Vietnam_War\" >1969 in the Vietnam War &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Anti-Viet Nam War Movement:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.english.illinois.edu\/maps\/vietnam\/antiwar.html\" >The Anti-War Movement in the United States, by Mark Barringer \u2013 Illinois.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Opposition_to_United_States_involvement_in_the_Vietnam_War\" >Opposition to United States involvement in the Viet Nam War \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nonviolent-conflict.org\/index.php\/movements-and-campaigns\/movements-and-campaigns-summaries?sobi2Task=sobi2Details&amp;sobi2Id=21\" >The US Anti-Vietnam War Movement (1964-1973) \u2013 Nonviolent-Conflict.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/anti-vietnam-war-movement.html\" >Anti-Vietnam War movement \u2013 infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.unc.edu\/%7Efbaum\/teaching\/articles\/McAdam_Su_ASR_2002.pdf\" >The War at Home: Antiwar Protests and Congressional Voting, 1965-1973 \u2013 Doug McAdam; Yang Su \u2013 UNC.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thevietnamwar.info\/vietnam-war-protests\/\" >Viet Nam War Protests \u2013 TheVietNamWar.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/spartacus-educational.com\/VNprotest.htm\" >Viet Nam Protest Movement \u2013 Spartacus-Educational<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/sheg.stanford.edu\/anti-vietnam-war-movement\" >Anti-Vietnam War Movement \u2013 Stanford History Education Group \u2013 Stanford.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www2.iath.virginia.edu\/sixties\/HTML_docs\/Exhibits\/Track16.html\" >The Sixties Project Presents: Decade of Protest \u2013 Political Posters from the United States, Cuba and Viet Nam: 1965-1975 \u2013 Virginia.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lib.utexas.edu\/taro\/houpub\/00153\/00153-P.html\" >Huston Anti-Viet Nam War Collection MSS.0173 \u2013 UTexas.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/study.com\/academy\/lesson\/opposition-to-the-vietnam-war-1965-1968.html\" >Opposition to the Viet Nam War, 1965-1968 \u2013 Study.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.h-net.org\/reviews\/showrev.php?id=36758\" >Did the Antiwar Movement End the Viet Nam War? \u2013 A book review of Rethinking the American Anti-War Movement, by Simon Hall; book-reviewed by Fabio Rojas \u2013 H-Net.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.socialistalternative.org\/no-to-bushs-war-on-iraq\/the-power-of-protest-lessons-from-the-anti-vietnam-war-movement\/\" >THE POWER OF PROTEST: LESSONS FROM THE ANTI-VIET NAM WAR PROTEST<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.examiner.com\/article\/10-top-anti-war-protest-songs-about-the-vietnam-war\" >10 Top Anti-War\/Protest Songs About the Viet Nam War \u2013 Examiner.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Viet Nam War and Pertinent Events:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/vietnam-war\/vietnam-war-history\" >VIETNAM WAR HISTORY \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.digitalhistory.uh.edu\/disp_textbook.cfm?smtID=2&amp;psid=3470\" >Chronology of Viet Nam War and Pertinent Events \u2013 Digital History \u2013 DigitalHistory.UH.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyplace.com\/unitedstates\/vietnam\/index-1965.html\" >The Vietnam War \u2013 The Jungle War 1965 \u2013 1968 \u2013 The History Place \u2013 HistoryPlace.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.atvaudio.com\/ata_vietnamwar.php\" >The VIETNAM WAR: US Involvement &amp; Escalation \u2013 ARCHIVAL TELEVISION AUDIO Inc. \u2013 RESEARCH REPORT \u2013 PART ONE \u2013 April 23, 1961 \u2013 May 27, 1968 \u2013 ATVAudio.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.english.illinois.edu\/maps\/vietnam\/anderson.htm\" >The Diplomatic Course of the Vietnam War, by David L Anderson \u2013 Illinois.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.u-s-history.com\/pages\/h1888.html\" >America\u2019s Vietnam War in Indochina \u2013 U-S-History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/history.state.gov\/historicaldocuments\/frus1964-68v07\/sources\" >Foreign Relations of the United States, 1964-1968, Volume VII, Vietnam, September 1968-January 1969 \u2013 OFFICE of the HISTORIAN \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.allempires.com\/article\/index.php?q=britain_tet_offensive\" >Britain and the Tet Offensive 1967-1968: A \u2018Turning Point\u2019 in British Foreign Policy? \u2013 All Empires \u2013 AllEmpires.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1966\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Black_Panther_Party\" >Black Panther Party<\/a> is created by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Huey_P._Newton\" >Huey P. Newton<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bobby_Seale\" >Bobby Seale<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Black Panther Party:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Black-Panther-Party\" >Black Panther Party \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/web.stanford.edu\/%7Eccarson\/articles\/am_left.htm\" >Black Panther Party \u2013 Stanford.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/black-panthers.html\" >\u201c<em>Black Panthers, US African-American militant party, founded (1966) in Oakland, Calif., by Huey P. Newton and Bobby Seale. Originally aimed at armed self-defense against the local police, the party grew to espouse violent revolution as the only means of achieving black liberation<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Black Panthers \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bobbyseale.com\/sixtiesvideo.html\" >1960\u2019s and the Black Panther Party: Real Video History<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/communistvoice.org\/WAS8506BPP.html\" >The Rise and the Fall of the Black Panther Party<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.itsabouttimebpp.com\/Chapter_History\/BPP_Pieces_of_History.html\" >BLACK PANTHER PARTY: Pieces of History: 1966-1969<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/prezi.com\/lefuqhml4i9k\/how-did-the-black-panther-party-impact-the-1960s\/\" >How did the Black Panther Party Impact the 1960s? \u2013 Prezi.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1965\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vietnam_War\" >Vietnam War<\/a>: The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Catholic_Worker_Movement\" >Catholic Worker Movement<\/a> stages an anti-war rally in Manhattan including a public <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Draft-card_burning\" >burning of a draft card<\/a>; the first such act to result in arrest under a new amendment to the Selective Service Act.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Vietnam War in 1965:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1965_in_the_Vietnam_War\" >1965 in the Vietnam War &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Catholic Worker Movement and the Viet Nam War:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.questia.com\/magazine\/1P3-853791031\/catholic-worker-community-anti-war-protest-gathers\" >Catholic Worker Community Anti-War Protest Gathers Momentum, by Gillespi, Michael \u2013 Questia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tom_Cornell#Opposition_to_the_War_in_Vietnam\" >\u201c<em>He is a co-founder of the Catholic Peace Fellowship and Pax Christi, USA\u2026He also called the first corporate act of resistance to the Vietnam draft, when he and five others, including David McReynolds, burned their draft cards, Nov. 6, 1965, in Union Square, New York City<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Tom Cornell \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.catholicworker.org\/dorothyday\/themes\/war-and-peace.html\" >The Catholic Worker Movement \u2013 On War and Peace \u2013 CatholicWorker.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.no-nukes.org\/viapacis\/feb03\/feb03phil.html\" >\u201c<em>Phil Berrigan, the man who invented the nonviolent resistance wheel of life that I and so many other Catholic Workers and nonviolent peace activists live by, is dead\u2026.Back then, the whole history of the Catholic church\u2019s anti-war tradition was new to me as was the USA Catholic anti-war efforts during the Vietnam War. Yet, some early reading and quick study introduced me to the importance of Phil and Dan Berrigan to the anti-Vietnam War efforts. So when Phil came to town, I was anxious to learn what the Berrigan brothers were up to in post-Vietnam War USA<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Phil Berrigan: May He Rest in Peace, by Fr. Frank Cordaro \u2013 No-Nukes.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Anti-Viet Nam War Movement:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.english.illinois.edu\/maps\/vietnam\/antiwar.html\" >The Anti-War Movement in the United States, by Mark Barringer \u2013 Illinois.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Opposition_to_United_States_involvement_in_the_Vietnam_War\" >Opposition to United States involvement in the Viet Nam War \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nonviolent-conflict.org\/index.php\/movements-and-campaigns\/movements-and-campaigns-summaries?sobi2Task=sobi2Details&amp;sobi2Id=21\" >The US Anti-Vietnam War Movement (1964-1973) \u2013 Nonviolent-Conflict.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/anti-vietnam-war-movement.html\" >Anti-Vietnam War movement \u2013 infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.unc.edu\/%7Efbaum\/teaching\/articles\/McAdam_Su_ASR_2002.pdf\" >The War at Home: Antiwar Protests and Congressional Voting, 1965-1973 \u2013 Doug McAdam; Yang Su \u2013 UNC.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thevietnamwar.info\/vietnam-war-protests\/\" >Viet Nam War Protests \u2013 TheVietNamWar.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/spartacus-educational.com\/VNprotest.htm\" >Viet Nam Protest Movement \u2013 Spartacus-Educational<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/sheg.stanford.edu\/anti-vietnam-war-movement\" >Anti-Vietnam War Movement \u2013 Stanford History Education Group \u2013 Stanford.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www2.iath.virginia.edu\/sixties\/HTML_docs\/Exhibits\/Track16.html\" >The Sixties Project Presents: Decade of Protest \u2013 Political Posters from the United States, Cuba and Viet Nam: 1965-1975 \u2013 Virginia.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lib.utexas.edu\/taro\/houpub\/00153\/00153-P.html\" >Huston Anti-Viet Nam War Collection MSS.0173 \u2013 UTexas.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/study.com\/academy\/lesson\/opposition-to-the-vietnam-war-1965-1968.html\" >Opposition to the Viet Nam War, 1965-1968 \u2013 Study.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.h-net.org\/reviews\/showrev.php?id=36758\" >Did the Antiwar Movement End the Viet Nam War? \u2013 A book review of <em>Rethinking the American Anti-War Movement, <\/em>by Simon Hall; book-reviewed by Fabio Rojas \u2013 H-Net.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.socialistalternative.org\/no-to-bushs-war-on-iraq\/the-power-of-protest-lessons-from-the-anti-vietnam-war-movement\/\" >THE POWER OF PROTEST: LESSONS FROM THE ANTI-VIET NAM WAR PROTEST<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.examiner.com\/article\/10-top-anti-war-protest-songs-about-the-vietnam-war\" >10 Top Anti-War\/Protest Songs About the Viet Nam War \u2013 Examiner.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1958\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> (atmospheric) at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Novaya_Zemlya\" >Novaya Zemlya<\/a> USSR.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>USSR Nuclear Tests in 1958:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1958_Soviet_nuclear_tests\" >1958 Soviet nuclear tests \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>USSR\u2019s Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovwpnprog.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/tests\/USSR-ntestsS.html\" >Database of nuclear tests, USSR\/Russia: overview \u2013 JohnstonArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Soviet Atmospheric Nuclear Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovatmtest.html\" >Soviet Atmospheric Tests \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/zvis.com\/nuclear\/ndb\/ussrnuks.shtml\" >USSR Atmospheric Nuclear Tests Database \u2013 Zvis.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovwpnprog.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/tests\/USSR-ntestsS.html\" >Database of nuclear tests, USSR\/Russia: overview \u2013 JohnstonArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/soviet_nuclear_testing_semipalatinsk_20th_anniversary\/24311518.html\" >Slow Death of Kazakhstan\u2019s Land Of Nuclear Tests \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty \u2013 RFRL.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/large.stanford.edu\/courses\/2014\/ph241\/powell2\/docs\/vakulchuk.pdf\" >Semipalitinsk nuclear testing: the humanitarian consequences \u2013 Norwegian Institute of International Affairs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thebulletin.org\/lasting-toll-semipalatinsks-nuclear-testing\" >The lasting toll of Semipalitinsk\u2019s nuclear testing \u2013 TheBulletin.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/12566948_External_doses_of_residents_near_Semipalatinsk_nuclear_test_site\" >External Doses of Residents near Semipalitinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 ResearchGate.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.irpa.net\/irpa10\/cdrom\/00504.pdf\" >Radiation Exposure on Residents due to Semipalitinsk Nuclear Tests \u2013 IRPA.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Effect and\/or Impact of Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/page-3-effects-of-nuclear-weapon-testing-by-the-soviet-union\/\" >Page 3: Effects of Nuclear Weapon Testing by the Soviet Union \u2013 Economic, social, and environmental impacts \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/general-overview-of-theeffects-of-nuclear-testing\/\" >GENERAL OVERVIEW OF THE EFFECTS OF NUCLEAR TESTING \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/slashdot.org\/story\/13\/08\/20\/1738213\/the-secret-effort-to-clean-up-a-former-soviet-nuclear-test-site\" >The Secret Effort To Clean Up a Former Soviet Nuclear Test Site \u2013 Slashdot.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/citeseerx.ist.psu.edu\/viewdoc\/summary?doi=10.1.1.543.8580\" >A Review of Nuclear Testing by the Soviet Union at Novaya, by Vitaly I. Khalturin , Tatyana G. Rautian , Paul G. Richards , and William S. Leith \u2013 CiteSeerX- PSU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Novaya Zemlya Nuclear Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/wmd\/world\/russia\/novaya_zemlya_nuc.htm\" >Novaya Zemlya \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.atlasobscura.com\/places\/novaya-zemlya\" >NOVAYA ZEMLYA \u2013 AtlasObscura.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.giantbomb.com\/novaya-zemlya\/3035-3167\/\" >Novaya Zemlya \u2013 GiantBomb.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.arkcode.com\/custom3_64.html\" >NOVA ZEMLYA (NOVAYA ZEMLYA) 58 MEGA TON H BOMB TEST \u2013 ArkCode.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nti.org\/facilities\/924\/\" >Central Test Site of Russia on Novaya Zemlya \u2013 NTI.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www1.american.edu\/ted\/ice\/novalya.htm\" >ICE Case Studies \u2013 Novaya Zemlya, by Carrie McVicker \u2013 American.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/earthobservatory.nasa.gov\/IOTD\/view.php?id=39591\" >Novaya Zemlya Archipelago \u2013 Image \u2013 NASA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/novayazemlya.net\/\" >Novaya Zemlya Archipelago \u2013 NovayaZemlya.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclear-risks.org\/en\/hibakusha-worldwide\/novaya-zemlya.html\" >Novaya Zemlya, Russia \u2013 Nuclear-Risks.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/tass.ru\/en\/russia\/743105\" >Novaya Zemlya: test site for most powerful nuclear bomb ever detonated \u2013 July 31, 2014 \u2013 TASS Russian News Agency<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclearno.com\/text.asp?11073\" >Novaya Zemlya: birds, animals adapt nuclear test site, by Tatyana Sinitsyna \u2013 RIA Novosti, Russia \u2013 15 August 2006<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/of\/1993\/0501\/report.pdf\" >UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOGRPAPHICAL SURVEY \u2013 Physical Environment of the Underground Nuclear Test Site on Novaya Zemlya, Russia, by John R. Matzko \u2013 Open-File Report 93-501 \u2013 Reston, Virginia \u2013 1993<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1956\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fortran\" >Fortran<\/a>, the first modern computer language, is shared with the coding community for the first time.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1953\u00a0 <\/strong>British <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nuclear_test\" >nuclear test<\/a> <em>Totem 1<\/em> is detonated at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Emu_Field\" >Emu Field<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/South_Australia\" >South Australia<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1951\u00a0 <\/strong>The first episode of <em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/I_Love_Lucy\" >I Love Lucy<\/a><\/em>, an American television <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sitcom\" >sitcom<\/a> starring <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lucille_Ball\" >Lucille Ball<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Desi_Arnaz\" >Desi Arnaz<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vivian_Vance\" >Vivian Vance<\/a>, and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/William_Frawley\" >William Frawley<\/a>, airs on the Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS).<\/p>\n<p><strong>1951\u00a0 <\/strong>Mexican chemist <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Luis_E._Miramontes\" >Luis E. Miramontes<\/a> conducts the very last step of the first synthesis of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Norethisterone\" >norethisterone<\/a>, the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Progestin\" >progestin<\/a> that would later be used in one of the first three <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Combined_oral_contraceptive_pill\" >oral contraceptives<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1945\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_II\" >World War II<\/a>: The former premier of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vichy_France\" >Vichy France<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pierre_Laval\" >Pierre Laval<\/a> is shot by a firing squad for <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Treason\" >treason<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1944\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Arrow_Cross_Party\" >Arrow Cross Party<\/a> (very similar to <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Adolf_Hitler\" >Hitler\u2019s<\/a> NSDAP (Nazi party)) takes power in Hungary.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>German Occupation of Hungary and the Arrow Cross Party:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ushmm.org\/wlc\/en\/article.php?ModuleId=10005458\" >HUNGARY AFTER GERMAN OCCUPATION \u2013 Holocaust Encyclopedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Arrow-Cross-Party\" >Arrow Cross Party \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/Holocaust\/arrowcross.html\" >Hungarian Nazis (Arrow Cross Party) \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.yadvashem.org\/odot_pdf\/Microsoft%20Word%20-%205756.pdf\" >Arrow Cross Party \u2013 SHOA Resource Center \u2013 YadVashem.org \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/jlue.wordpress.com\/2011\/05\/23\/hungarian-jews-killed-by-arrow-cross-along-the-danube-river\/\" >Hungarian Jews killed by Arrow Cross along the Danube River \u2013 Jlue\u2019s Weblog<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bigmeathammer.com\/aushwitz23.htm\" >\u201c<em>The Arrow Cross Party (Hungarian: Nyilaskeresztes P\u00e1rt Hungarista Mozgalom, literally \u201cArrow Cross Hungarianist Movement\u201d) was a pro-German anti-Semitic fascist party led by Ferenc Sz\u00e1lasi which ruled Hungary from October 15, 1944 to January 1945. During its short rule, 80,000 Jews, including many women, children and old people were deported from Hungary to their deaths. After the war, Sz\u00e1lasi and other Arrow Cross leaders were tried as war criminals by Hungarian courts<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Hungarian Nyilas or Arrow Cross Party<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/konfliktuskutato.hu\/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=285:hungarian-extremists-the-arrow-cross-movement&amp;catid=36:english\" >Hungarian extremists: the Arrow Cross Movement<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theholocaustexplained.org\/ks3\/life-in-nazi-occupied-europe\/jews-in-occupied-countries\/hungary\/#.VhDu8yuufX5\" >Case study: Hungary \u2013 THE HOLOCAUST EXPLAINED<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/w3.osaarchivum.org\/galeria\/sites\/siege\/section2.html\" >The Arrow Cross \u2013 Persecution of the Jews<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.stormfront.org\/forum\/t422373\/\" >Ferenc Sz\u00e1lasi (b. Jan. 6, 1897 \u2013 d. Mar. 12, 1946): Founder of Hungarian National Socialist Party and the renowned Arrow Cross Party, became Prime Minister in 1944, after PM (Regent) Miklos Horthy \u2013 StormFront.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1940\u00a0 <\/strong>The President of Catalonia, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Llu%C3%ADs_Companys\" >Llu\u00eds Companys<\/a>, is executed by the Spanish dictatorship of Francisco Franco, making him the only European president to have been executed.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1934\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jiangxi_Soviet\" >Soviet Republic of China<\/a> collapses when <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chiang_Kai-shek\" >Chiang Kai-shek<\/a>\u2018s <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/National_Revolutionary_Army\" >National Revolutionary Army<\/a> successfully encircles <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ruijin\" >Ruijin<\/a>, forcing the fleeing <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Communist_Party_of_China\" >Communists<\/a> to begin the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Long_March\" >Long March<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1932\u00a0 <\/strong>Tata Airlines (later to become <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Air_India\" >Air India<\/a>) makes its first flight.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1928\u00a0 <\/strong>The airship, <em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/LZ_127_Graf_Zeppelin\" >Graf Zeppelin<\/a><\/em> completes its first trans-Atlantic flight, landing at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lakehurst,_New_Jersey\" >Lakehurst, New Jersey<\/a>, United States.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1923\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/German_Rentenmark\" >German Rentenmark<\/a> is introduced in Germany to counter <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hyperinflation_in_the_Weimar_Republic\" >hyperinflation in the Weimar Republic<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1917\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_I\" >World War I<\/a>: At <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vincennes\" >Vincennes<\/a> outside Paris, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Netherlands\" >Dutch<\/a> dancer <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mata_Hari\" >Mata Hari<\/a> is executed by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Firing_squad\" >firing squad<\/a> for <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Espionage\" >spying<\/a> for the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/German_Empire\" >German Empire<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1910\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/America_%28airship%29\" >Airship America<\/a> is launched from New Jersey in the first attempt to cross the Atlantic by a powered aircraft.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1904\u00a0 <\/strong>The Russian <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Baltic_Fleet\" >Baltic Fleet<\/a> leaves <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Reval\" >Reval<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Estonia\" >Estonia<\/a> for <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/L%C3%BCshunkou\" >Port Arthur<\/a> during the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Russo-Japanese_War\" >Russo-Japanese War<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1894\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dreyfus_affair\" >Dreyfus affair<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alfred_Dreyfus\" >Alfred Dreyfus<\/a> is arrested for spying.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1888\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/From_Hell_letter\" >\u201cFrom Hell\u201d letter<\/a> sent by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jack_the_Ripper\" >Jack the Ripper<\/a> is received by investigators.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1880\u00a0 <\/strong>Mexican soldiers kill <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Victorio\" >Victorio<\/a>, one of the greatest <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Apache_Tribe\" >Apache<\/a> military strategists.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1878\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Edison_Electric_Light_Company\" >Edison Electric Light Company<\/a> begins operation.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1815\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Napoleon_I_of_France\" >Napoleon I of France<\/a> begins his exile on <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Saint_Helena\" >Saint Helena<\/a> in the Atlantic Ocean.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1793\u00a0 <\/strong>Queen <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marie-Antoinette\" >Marie-Antoinette<\/a> of France is tried and convicted in a swift, pre-determined trial in the Palais de Justice, Paris, and condemned to death the following day.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>OCTOBER 16<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>2012\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Extrasolar_planet\" >extrasolar planet<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alpha_Centauri_Bb\" >Alpha Centauri Bb<\/a> is discovered.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Alpha Centauri Bb:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.space.com\/18089-earth-size-alien-planet-alpha-centauri.html\" >Discovery! Earth-Size Alien Planet at Alpha Centauri Is Closest Ever Seen \u2013 October 16, 2012 \u2013 Space.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.eso.org\/public\/news\/eso1241\" >Planet Found in Nearest Star System to Earth | ESO \u2013 October 16, 2012<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/spacemath.gsfc.nasa.gov\/astrob\/9Page17.pdf\" >Alpha Centauri Bb \u2013 a near by extrasolar planet? \u2013 NASA \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.solarsystemquick.com\/universe\/alpha-centauri-bb.htm\" >Alpha Centauri Bb Facts \u2013 SolarSystemQuick.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/blogs.discovermagazine.com\/badastronomy\/2012\/10\/16\/alpha-centauri-has-a-planet\/#.VhD4JCuufX4\" >ALPHA CENTAURI HAS A PLANET! by Phil Plait \u2013 October 16, 2012 \u2013 DiscoverMagazine.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/indepth\/opinion\/2012\/10\/20121022162921481412.html\" >Why all the fuss over Alpha Centauri Bb? \u2013 23 Oct 2012 \u2013 Aljazeera.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2002\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibliotheca_Alexandrina\" >Bibliotheca Alexandrina<\/a> in the Egyptian city of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alexandria\" >Alexandria<\/a>, a commemoration of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Library_of_Alexandria\" >Library of Alexandria<\/a> that was lost in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Classical_antiquity\" >antiquity<\/a>, is officially inaugurated.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Library of Alexandria:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Library-of-Alexandria\" >Library of Alexandria \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.newworldencyclopedia.org\/entry\/Alexandria_Library\" >Alexandria Library \u2013 New World Encyclopedia \u2013 NewWorldEncyclopedia.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.crystalinks.com\/libraryofalexandria.html\" >Library of Alexandria \u2013 CrystalLinks.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ask-aladdin.com\/Alex-Travel-Information\/library_of_Alexandria.html\" >The Library of Alexandria \u2013 Ask-Aladdin.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Destruction_of_the_Library_of_Alexandria\" >Destruction of the Library of Alexandria \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/bede.org.uk\/library.htm\" >The Mysterious Fate of the Library of Alexandria \u2013 BEDE.org.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Hypatia of Alexandria:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ask-aladdin.com\/Alex-Travel-Information\/library_of_Alexandria.html\" >The Library of Alexandria and Martyrdom of Hypatia \u2013 Disinfo.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/ancienthistory.about.com\/od\/egypt\/tp\/012911-Library-Of-Alexandria-Scholars.htm\" >\u201c<em>Hypatia (A.D. 355 or 370 \u2013 415\/416), the daughter of Theon, a teacher of mathematics at the Museum of Alexandria, was the last great Alexandrian mathematician and philosopher who wrote a commentary on geometry and taught Neo-platonism to her students<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Geniuses of the Library of Alexandria \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hypatia\" >Hypatia of Alexandria \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Hypatia\" >Hypatia \u2013 Egyptian mathematician, astronomer, philosopher \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.smithsonianmag.com\/womens-history\/hypatia-ancient-alexandrias-great-female-scholar-10942888\/?no-ist\" >Hypatia, Ancient Alexandria\u2019s Great Female Scholar \u2013 SmithSonianMag.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk\/Biographies\/Hypatia.html\" >Hypatia of Alexandria \u2013 St-And.ac.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.womanastronomer.com\/hypatia.htm\" >The Woman Astronomer Hypatia \u2013 WomanAstronomer.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/womenshistory.about.com\/od\/hypati1\/a\/hypatia.htm\" >Hypatia of Alexandria \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.trincoll.edu\/depts\/phil\/philo\/phils\/hypatia.html\" >Hypatia \u2013 Alexandrian Thinker and Mathematician<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ancient.eu\/Hypatia_of_Alexandria\/\" >HYPATIA OF ALEXANDRIA \u2013 Ancient History Encyclopedia \u2013 Ancient.eu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1998\u00a0 <\/strong>Former <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chile\" >Chilean<\/a> dictator General <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Augusto_Pinochet\" >Augusto Pinochet<\/a> is <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indictment_and_arrest_of_Augusto_Pinochet\" >arrested<\/a> in London on a warrant from Spain requesting his <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Extradition\" >extradition<\/a> on murder charges.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1996\u00a0 <\/strong>Eighty-four people are killed and more than 180 injured as 47,000 <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Association_football\" >football<\/a> fans attempt to squeeze into the 36,000-seat <em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Estadio_Mateo_Flores\" >Estadio Mateo Flores<\/a><\/em> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guatemala_City\" >Guatemala City<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1995\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Skye_Bridge\" >Skye Bridge<\/a> is opened.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1995\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Million_Man_March\" >Million Man March<\/a> occurs in Washington, D.C.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1993\u00a0 <\/strong>Anti-Nazism riot breaks out in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Welling\" >Welling<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kent\" >Kent<\/a>, after <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Metropolitan_Police_Service\" >police<\/a> stop protesters approaching the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/British_National_Party\" >British National Party<\/a> headquarters.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1987<\/strong><strong>\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> (underground) at Eastern Kazakh\/<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Semipalatinsk_Test_Site\" >Semipalatinsk<\/a> USSR.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>USSR Nuclear Tests in 1987:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1987_Soviet_nuclear_tests\" >1987 Soviet nuclear tests &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>USSR\u2019s Nuclear Tests at Eastern Kazakh\/<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Semipalatinsk_Test_Site\" >Semipalatinsk<\/a>:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>USSR\u2019s Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovwpnprog.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/tests\/USSR-ntestsS.html\" >Database of nuclear tests, USSR\/Russia: overview \u2013 JohnstonArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Effect and\/or Impact of Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/page-3-effects-of-nuclear-weapon-testing-by-the-soviet-union\/\" >Page 3: Effects of Nuclear Weapon Testing by the Soviet Union \u2013 Economic, social, and environmental impacts \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/general-overview-of-theeffects-of-nuclear-testing\/\" >GENERAL OVERVIEW OF THE EFFECTS OF NUCLEAR TESTING \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/slashdot.org\/story\/13\/08\/20\/1738213\/the-secret-effort-to-clean-up-a-former-soviet-nuclear-test-site\" >The Secret Effort To Clean Up a Former Soviet Nuclear Test Site \u2013 Slashdot.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/citeseerx.ist.psu.edu\/viewdoc\/summary?doi=10.1.1.543.8580\" >A Review of Nuclear Testing by the Soviet Union at Novaya, by Vitaly I. Khalturin , Tatyana G. Rautian , Paul G. Richards , and William S. Leith \u2013 CiteSeerX- PSU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Underground Nuclear Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tightflash.org\/all_911\/third_truth\/nuclear_demolition_basic\/USGSOFR01312.pdf\" >The Containment of Soviet Underground Nuclear Explosions, by Vitaly V. Adshkin, and William Leith \u2013 OPEN FILE REPROT 01-312, September 2001 \u2013 US DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/srl.geoscienceworld.org\/content\/86\/2A\/451.full.pdf\" >Political Seismology or Seismological Politics: Natural Resources Defense Council \u2013 USSR Experiments in Underground Nuclear Test Verification, by Anna Amramina<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2013\/02\/11\/world\/asia\/north-korea-underground-explosion-explainer\/index.html\" >What happens with an underground nuclear test? , by Kevin Voigt \u2013 February 19, 2013 \u2013 CNN<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nnsa.energy.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/nv_sweis\/environmentalimpact\/v2\/Appendix%20H.pdf\" >APPENDIX H \u2013 UNDERGROUND NUCLEAR TESTING<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/gajitz.com\/buried-history-underground-nuclear-weapons-tests\/\" >Buried History: Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 GAJITZ.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theblogbelow.com\/2008\/07\/underground-nuclear-test.html\" >Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 TheBlogBelow.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ldeo.columbia.edu\/res\/pi\/Monitoring\/Arch\/BRV_arch_exp.html\" >Borovoye Archive Data from Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 Columbia.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/of\/1993\/0501\/report.pdf\" >Physical Environment of the Underground Nuclear Test Site on Novaya Zemlya, Russia, by John R. Matzko \u2013 Open-File Report 93-501- Reston, Virginia \u2013 1993 \u2013 THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOGRAPHICAL SURVEY<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.boston.com\/bigpicture\/2009\/11\/kazakhstans_radioactive_legacy.html\" >Kazakhstan\u2019s radioactive legacy \u2013 Boston.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/wn.com\/semipalatinsk_test_site\" >\u201cMy home: nuclear base Semipalatinsk \u2013 21\u201d, Episode 02 \u201cMain Testing Field\u201d (Video: 3 min. 14 sec.) \u2013 WN.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/soviet_nuclear_testing_semipalatinsk_20th_anniversary\/24311518.html\" >Slow Death In Kazakhstan\u2019s Land Of Nuclear Tests \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/carlwillis.wordpress.com\/2012\/08\/13\/visit-to-the-semipalatinsk-nuclear-test-site\/\" >Visit to the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 SPEICAL NUCLEAR MATERIAL<\/a><\/li>\n<li>&#8211;<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www-ns.iaea.org\/appraisals\/semipalatinsk.asp\" >The Semipalatinsk Test Site, Kazakhstan \u2013 IAEA.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nti.org\/facilities\/732\/\" >Semipalatinsk Test Site \u2013 NTI.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/io9.com\/5988266\/the-tragic-story-of-the-semipalatinsk-nuclear-test-site\" >The Tragic Story of the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site, by Vincze Mikl\u00f3s \u2013 io9.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/Sixty_Years_After_First_Soviet_Nuclear_Test_Legacy_Of_Misery_Lives_On\/1809712.html\" >60 Years After First Soviet Nuclear Test, Legacy Of Misery Lives On In Kazakhstan \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty \u2013 Monday, August 10, 2015 \u2013 RFERL.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/2\/hi\/8236431.stm\" >Soviet nuclear tests leave Kazakh fallout \u2013 Sunday, 6 September 2009 \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/wp-dyn\/content\/story\/2010\/02\/24\/ST2010022403314.html?sid=ST2010022403314\" >In Kazakhstan, the race for uranium goes nuclear, by Philip P. Pan \u2013 Thursday, February 25, 2005 \u2013 The Washington Post<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclearno.com\/text.asp?17456\" >Secrets of Semipalatinsk: How nuclear theft was averted in Central Asia \u2013 NuclearNo.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/listverse.com\/2012\/05\/15\/top-10-nuclear-test-sites\/\" >Top 10 Nuclear Test Sites, Michael Affleck, May 15, 2012 \u2013 Our World \u2013 ListVerse.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Health, and Ecological Issues in Kazakhstan\/Semipalatinsk:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/reference.allrefer.com\/country-guide-study\/kazakhstan\/kazakhstan17.html\" >Kazakstan\/Kazakhstan \u2013 Environmental Problems \u2013 Reference.AllRefer.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclear-risks.org\/fileadmin\/user_upload\/pdfs\/HBWW_EN\/Semipalatinsk_EN_web.pdf\" >\u201cIn Semipalatinsk, the local population was exposed to high levels of radioactivity from nuclear weapon tests for several decades\u2026\u201d \u2013 Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: Nuclear test site \u2013 Nuclear-Risk.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/large.stanford.edu\/courses\/2014\/ph241\/powell2\/docs\/vakulchuk.pdf\" >Semipalatinsk nuclear testing: the humanitarian consequences \u2013 Norwegian Institute of International Affairs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclearfiles.org\/menu\/key-issues\/nuclear-weapons\/issues\/testing\/PDFs\/JC-143920%5B1%5D.pdf\" >Radionuclide Contamination at Kazakhstan\u2019s Semipalatinsk Test Site Implications on Human and Ecological Heath, by T.M. Carlsen, L.E. Peterson, B.A. Ulsh, C.A. Werner, K.L.Purvis, A.C. Sharber<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.irpa.net\/irpa10\/cdrom\/00504.pdf\" >Radiation Exposure on Residents due to Semipalatinsk Nuclear Tests \u2013 IRPA.net<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nukefreetexas.org\/downloads\/plutominum_uranium_semipalatinsk_test_site.pdf\" >Plutonium and Uranium in Human Bones from Areas surrounding the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 NukeFreeTexas.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.csmonitor.com\/World\/Asia-South-Central\/2013\/0828\/Secrets-of-Semipalatinsk-How-nuclear-theft-was-averted-in-Central-Asia\" >\u201cTheir research done on sample villages near the test site found cancer mortality rates 2-1\/2 times greater than those in a control village. The agency says some 356,000 people face radiation risk, with 70 percent of those being descendants of exposed villagers\u2026\u201d \u2013 Secrets of Semipalatinsk: How nuclear theft was averted in Central Asia \u2013 The Christian Science Monitor<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/cajgh.pitt.edu\/ojs\/index.php\/cajgh\/article\/view\/127\/0\" >Studies of Health Effects from Nuclear Testing near the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site Kazakhstan, by Bernd Grosche, Tamara Zhunussova, Kazbek Apsalikov, Ausrele Kesminiene<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.idosi.org\/wasj\/wasj23%285%2913\/19.pdf\" >Information Report on Biological Studies Conducted At the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 IDOSI.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/europepmc.org\/articles\/PMC3866702\" >Mortality from Cardiovascular Disease in the Semipalatinsk Historical Cohort, 1960 \u2013 1999, and its Relationship to Radiation Exposure \u2013 Europe PubMed Central<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1986\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Reinhold_Messner\" >Reinhold Messner<\/a> becomes the first person to summit all 14 <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eight-thousander\" >Eight-thousanders<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1986\u00a0<\/strong> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-united-states-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >US performs nuclear test<\/a> (underground) at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nevada_Test_Site\" >Nevada Test Site<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>US Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_United_States\" >List of the nuclear weapons tests of the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nuclear_weapons_and_the_United_States\" >Nuclear Weapons and the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.atomcentral.com\/the-cold-war.aspx\" >The Cold War \u2013 AtomCentral.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Nuclear Weapons and the United States:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nuclear_weapons_and_the_United_States\" >Nuclear Weapons and the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/us\/2014\/231697.htm\" >Nuclear Weapons Testing: History, Progress, Challenges: Verifications and Entry into Force of the CTBT \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/avc\/rls\/202015.htm\" >US Nuclear Weapons Stockpile Life Extension Programs \u2013 January 3, 2013 \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/research\/articles\/2014\/04\/28-50-nuclear-facts\" >50 Facts About US Nuclear Weapons Today \u2013 April 28, 2014 \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/research\/lecture\/2012\/08\/the-future-of-the-us-nuclear-triad\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Program, by Michaela Dodge \u2013 The Heritage Foundation<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.armscontrol.org\/act\/1997_05\/nas\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Policy \u2013 Arms Control Association<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252183576_The_Future_of_the_U.S._Nuclear_Weapons_Program\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Program, by Linton F. Brooks \u2013 ResearchGate.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/us\/2014\/233254.htm\" >US Nuclear Weapons Policy in the 21<sup>st<\/sup> Century \u2013 Rose Gottemoeller, Under Secretary\u00a0for Arms Control and International Security, \u00a0Dixie State University, St. George, Utah \u2013 October 21, 2014 \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Nevada Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fas.org\/nuke\/guide\/usa\/facility\/nts.htm\" >NEVADA TEST SITE \u2013 FAS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/wmd\/facility\/nts.htm\" >NEVADA TEST SITE \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.onlinenevada.org\/articles\/nevada-test-site-overview\" >Nevada Test Site Overview \u2013 OnlineNevada.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/about\/projects\/archive\/nucweapons\/nts\" >Nuclear testing at the Nevada Test Site \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/toxipedia.org\/display\/wanmec\/Nevada+Test+Site\" >Nevada Test Site \u2013 Toxipedia.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/digital.library.unlv.edu\/ntsohp\/\" >Nevada Test Site \u2013 Oral History Project<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/archure.net\/liberty\/nukenevada.html\" >NUKE TESTING in NEVADA \u2013 Archure.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nv.doe.gov\/library\/publications\/Environmental\/DOENV_11718_594.pdf\" >ECOLOGY OF THE NEVADA TEST SITE: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nevadatestsite.info\/\" >Nevada Test Site Workers Exposed to Radiation \u2013 National Cancer Benefits Center \u2013 NevadaTestSite.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/about\/projects\/archive\/nucweapons\/50\" >50 Facts About the US Nuclear Weapons \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Usa\/Tests\/\" >Gallery of US Nuclear Tests \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.acq.osd.mil\/ncbdp\/nm\/nm_book_5_11\/index.htm\" >The Nuclear Matters Handbook<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Ecological and Health Issues in and around the Nevada Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/cdclv.unlv.edu\/healthnv\/environment.html\" >Environment and the Quality of Life in Nevada \u2013 UNLV.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nv.doe.gov\/library\/publications\/Environmental\/DOENV_11718_594.pdf\" ><em>ECONLGOY OF THE NEVADA TEST SITE: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY WITH NARRATIVE SUMMARY, KEY WORD INDEX, AND SPECIES LISTS<\/em> \u2013 DOE\/NEV\/11718-594<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.osti.gov\/scitech\/biblio\/6458066\" ><em>Nevada Applied Ecology Information Center: a review of technical information support provided to the Nevada Applied Ecology Group<\/em> \u2013 Sci-Tech Connect<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/ecologycenter.org\/terrainmagazine\/summer-2002\/sovereignty-at-shoshone-mountain\/\" >\u201c<em>Between 1951 and 1992, the United States bombed its own soil with nuclear weapons \u2014 945 times. All but 17 of those explosions took place on a stretch of basin-and-range desert northwest of Las Vegas called the Nevada Test Site (NTS),\u2026<\/em>\u201d \u2013 Sovereignty at Shoshone Mountain \u2013 EcologyCenter.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.princeton.edu\/%7Eota\/disk1\/1989\/8909\/8909.PDF\" ><em>The Containment of Underground Nuclear Explosions<\/em> \u2013 Princeton.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nevadatestsite.info\/\" >Nevada Test Site Workers Exposed to Radiation \u2013 National Cancer Benefits Center<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1984\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Desmond_Tutu\" >Desmond Tutu<\/a> is awarded the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nobel_Peace_Prize\" >Nobel Peace Prize<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Desmond Tutu:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nobelprize.org\/nobel_prizes\/peace\/laureates\/1984\/tutu-bio.html\" >Desmond Tutu \u2013 NobelPrize.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.biography.com\/people\/desmond-tutu-9512516#%21\" >Desmond Tutu \u2013 Biography.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Desmond-Tutu\" >Desmond Tutu \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.iol.co.za\/sundayindependent\/the-making-of-desmond-tutu-1.1921480#.Vg-ej5eufX4\" >\u201c<em>It is astounding that one whose ministry coincided with so dark a period in the history of South Africa and the world would also be renowned for his love and advocacy of laughter<\/em>.\u201d, by Tinyiko Maluleke \u2013 September 27, 2015 \u2013 The Making of Desmond Tutu \u2013 The Sunday Independent<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=iV2LURTu3eQ\" >YouTube video (56 min. 10 sec.): Reconciling Love Archbishop Desmond Tutu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=it0hR5cpHLg\" >YouTube video (57 min. 03 sec.): InterSpiritual Discussion with His Holiness the Dalai Lama and Desmond Tutu: A.M. Session, Part 1<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=hOaSbGD7Was\" >YouTube video (46 min. 29 sec.): Desmond Tutu, Peacemaker: A conversation with Desmond Tutu &amp; John Allen<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nobelprize.org\/nobel_prizes\/peace\/laureates\/1984\/tutu-lecture.html\" >\u201c<em>Because there is global insecurity, nations are engaged in a mad arms race, spending billions of dollars wastefully on instruments of destruction, when millions are starving. And yet, just a fraction of what is expended so obscenely on defense budgets would make the difference in enabling God\u2019s children to fill their stomachs, be educated, and given the chance to lead fulfilled and happy lives<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 <strong>Desmond Tutu \u2013 Nobel Lecture on December 11, 1984<\/strong> \u2013 NobelPrize.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tutufoundation-usa.org\/about_desmond_tutu.html\" >The Desmond Tutu Peace Foundation \u2013 Official Site<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brainyquote.com\/quotes\/authors\/d\/desmond_tutu.html\" >Desmond Tutu Quotes \u2013 BrainyQuote.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.com\/news\/desmond-tutu\/\" >News Articles on Desmond Tutu \u2013 The Huffington Post \u2013 huffingtonPost.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/search\/?q=desmond+tutu\" >Articles on or by Desmond Tutu \u2013 Transcend.org\/tms<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1982\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Underground_nuclear_weapons_testing\" >underground nuclear test<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1982_Soviet_nuclear_tests\" >Astrakhan, Russia<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>USSR Nuclear Tests in 1982:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1982_Soviet_nuclear_tests\" >1982 Soviet nuclear tests &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>USSR\u2019s Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovwpnprog.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/tests\/USSR-ntestsS.html\" >Database of nuclear tests, USSR\/Russia: overview \u2013 JohnstonArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Effect and\/or Impact of Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/page-3-effects-of-nuclear-weapon-testing-by-the-soviet-union\/\" >Page 3: Effects of Nuclear Weapon Testing by the Soviet Union \u2013 Economic, social, and environmental impacts \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/general-overview-of-theeffects-of-nuclear-testing\/\" >GENERAL OVERVIEW OF THE EFFECTS OF NUCLEAR TESTING \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/slashdot.org\/story\/13\/08\/20\/1738213\/the-secret-effort-to-clean-up-a-former-soviet-nuclear-test-site\" >The Secret Effort To Clean Up a Former Soviet Nuclear Test Site \u2013 Slashdot.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/citeseerx.ist.psu.edu\/viewdoc\/summary?doi=10.1.1.543.8580\" >A Review of Nuclear Testing by the Soviet Union at Novaya, by Vitaly I. Khalturin , Tatyana G. Rautian , Paul G. Richards , and William S. Leith \u2013 CiteSeerX- PSU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Underground Nuclear Tests:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tightflash.org\/all_911\/third_truth\/nuclear_demolition_basic\/USGSOFR01312.pdf\" >The Containment of Soviet Underground Nuclear Explosions, by Vitaly V. Adshkin, and William Leith \u2013 OPEN FILE REPROT 01-312, September 2001 \u2013 US DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/srl.geoscienceworld.org\/content\/86\/2A\/451.full.pdf\" >Political Seismology or Seismological Politics: Natural Resources Defense Council \u2013 USSR Experiments in Underground Nuclear Test Verification, by Anna Amramina<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2013\/02\/11\/world\/asia\/north-korea-underground-explosion-explainer\/index.html\" >What happens with an underground nuclear test? , by Kevin Voigt \u2013 February 19, 2013 \u2013 CNN<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nnsa.energy.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/nv_sweis\/environmentalimpact\/v2\/Appendix%20H.pdf\" >APPENDIX H \u2013 UNDERGROUND NUCLEAR TESTING<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/gajitz.com\/buried-history-underground-nuclear-weapons-tests\/\" >Buried History: Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 GAJITZ.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theblogbelow.com\/2008\/07\/underground-nuclear-test.html\" >Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 TheBlogBelow.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ldeo.columbia.edu\/res\/pi\/Monitoring\/Arch\/BRV_arch_exp.html\" >Borovoye Archive Data from Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 Columbia.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/of\/1993\/0501\/report.pdf\" >Physical Environment of the Underground Nuclear Test Site on Novaya Zemlya, Russia, by John R. Matzko \u2013 Open-File Report 93-501- Reston, Virginia \u2013 1993 \u2013 THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOGRAPHICAL SURVEY<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1978\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wanda_Rutkiewicz\" >Wanda Rutkiewicz<\/a> is the first Pole and the first European woman to reach the summit of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mount_Everest\" >Mount Everest<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1978\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Karol_Wojtyla\" >Karol Wojtyla<\/a> is elected <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pope_John_Paul_II\" >Pope John Paul II<\/a> after the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Papal_conclave,_October_1978\" >October 1978 Papal conclave<\/a>, the first non-Italian <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pontiff\" >pontiff<\/a> since <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1523\" >1523<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Karol Wojtyla or Pope John Paul II:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cbn.com\/spirituallife\/ChurchAndMinistry\/KarolWojtylaPopeJohnPaulTimeline.aspx\" >Karol Wojtyla (John Paul II) Timeline \u2013 CBN.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Early_life_of_Pope_John_Paul_II\" >Early life of John Paul II \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.vatican.va\/jubilee_2000\/magazine\/documents\/ju_mag_01111997_p-46_en.html\" >THE ROOTS OF ANTI-JUDAISM IN THE CHRISTIAN ENVIRONMENT \u2013 THE JEWISH \u201cROOTS\u201d OF KAROL WOJTYLA- Vatican.va<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ewtn.com\/library\/Theology\/WOJTLAHV.HTM\" >THE TRUTH OF THE ENCYCLICAL \u201cHUMANAE VITAE\u201d Cardinal Karol Wojtyla \u2013 EWTN.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/hanskoechler.com\/koechler-wojtyla-SaintJosephCollege-March2006-V5.pdf\" >Korol Wojty\u0142a\u2019s Notion of the Irreducible in Man and the Quest for a Just World Order, by Hans K\u00f6chler \u2013 HansKoechler.com \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1975\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rahima_Banu\" >Rahima Banu<\/a>, a two-year-old girl from the village of Kuralia in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bangladesh\" >Bangladesh<\/a>, is the last known person to be infected with naturally occurring <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Smallpox\" >smallpox<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1975\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Balibo_Five\" >Balibo Five<\/a>, a group of Australian-based television journalists based in the town of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Balibo\" >Balibo<\/a> in the then <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portuguese_Timor\" >Portuguese Timor<\/a> (now <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/East_Timor\" >East Timor<\/a>), are killed by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indonesia\" >Indonesian<\/a> troops.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1973<\/strong><strong>\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Henry_Kissinger\" >Henry Kissinger<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/L%C3%AA_%C4%90%E1%BB%A9c_Th%E1%BB%8D\" >L\u00ea \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ecd<\/a> are awarded the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nobel_Peace_Prize\" >Nobel Peace Prize<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Henry Kissinger, L\u00ea \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ecd and Nobel Peace Prize:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nobelprize.org\/nobel_prizes\/peace\/laureates\/1973\/\" >Henry Kissinger \u2013 Nobel Peace Prize 1973<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2015\/09\/kissinger-a-hero-of-our-time\/\" >Kissinger: A Hero of Our Time, by Richard Falk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/content.time.com\/time\/specials\/packages\/article\/0,28804,2096389_2096388_2096386,00.html\" >Top 10 Nobel Prize Controversies \u2013 Henry Kissinger, by Jak Philips \u2013 Friday, Oct 07, 2011 \u2013 TIME<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nobelprize.org\/nobel_prizes\/peace\/laureates\/1973\/tho-facts.html\" >L\u00ea \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ecd \u2013 Nobel Peace Prize 1973<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.vietnamwar.net\/LeDucTho.htm\" >Le Duc Tho \u2013 VietnamWar.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.biography.com\/people\/le-duc-tho-9376771\" >Le Duc Tho \u2013 Biography.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/spartacus-educational.com\/VNtho.htm\" >Le Duc Tho \u2013 Spartacus-Educational.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.encyclopedia.com\/topic\/Le_Duc_Tho.aspx\" >Le Duc Tho 1911 \u2013 1990 \u2013 Encyclopedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Le-Duc-Tho\" >Le Duc Tho \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1970\u00a0 <\/strong>In response to the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/October_Crisis\" >October Crisis<\/a> terrorist kidnapping, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Prime_Minister\" >Prime Minister<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pierre_Trudeau\" >Pierre Trudeau<\/a> of Canada invokes the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/War_Measures_Act\" >War Measures Act<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1968\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yasunari_Kawabata\" >Yasunari Kawabata<\/a> becomes the first Japanese person to be awarded the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nobel_Prize_in_Literature\" >Nobel Prize in Literature<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1964\u00a0 <\/strong>Soviet leaders <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Leonid_Brezhnev\" >Leonid Brezhnev<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alexei_Kosygin\" >Alexei Kosygin<\/a> are inaugurated as <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/General_Secretary_of_the_Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >General Secretary of the CPSU<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Premier_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >Premier<\/a>, respectively and the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/All-People%27s_Government\" >collective leadership<\/a> is established.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1964\u00a0 <\/strong>China detonates its first <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/596_%28nuclear_test%29\" >nuclear weapon<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>China\u2019s Nuclear Weapon Programs:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/specials\/testing-times\/16-october-1964-first-chinese-nuclear-test\/\" >16 OCTOBER 1964 \u2013 FIRST CHINESE NUCLEAR TEST \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/China_and_weapons_of_mass_destruction\" >China and weapons of mass destruction \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nti.org\/country-profiles\/china\/\" >China \u2013 Overview \u2013 NTI.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearfiles.org\/menu\/key-issues\/nuclear-weapons\/issues\/proliferation\/china\/index.htm\" >China \u2013 NuclearFiles.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nsarchive.gwu.edu\/NSAEBB\/NSAEBB26\/index.html\" >The Chinese Nuclear Weapons Program: Problems of Intelligence Collection and Analysis, 1964-1972\u2013 edited by William Burr \u2013 \u2013 published March 30, 2000 \u2013 GWU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/China\/ChinaArsenal.html\" >China\u2019s Nuclear Weapons \u2013 Present Capabilities \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/web.mit.edu\/efogg\/Public\/chinanuclear.pdf\" >The China\u2019s Nuclear Weapons Program and its Threat to the United States and Her Allies, by Erik Fogg \u2013 December 6, 2006 \u2013 MIT.edu \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/project2049.net\/half_lives_china_nuclear_warhead_program.pdf\" >\u201c<em>As such, the People\u2019s Republic of China (PRC) is improving its nuclear deterrent to undermine the coercive effects of other countries nuclear weapons. The People\u2019s Liberation Army\u2019s (PLA) Second Artillery Force is building a next generation intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM), and the PLA Navy is gradually working toward the goal of fielding nuclear submarines capable of launching a new submarine launched ballistic missile (SLBM)<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 HALVE LIVES: A PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT CHINA\u2019S NUCLEAR WARHEAD LIFE EXTENSION AND SAFETY PROGRAM \u2013 Project 2049 Institute \u2013 June 29, 2013 \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fas.org\/nuke\/guide\/china\/nuke\/index.html\" >\u201c<em>The first Chinese nuclear test was conducted at Lop Nor on 16 October 1964 (CHIC 1). It was a tower shot involving a fission device with a yield of 25 kilotons. Uranium 235 was used as the nuclear fuel, which indicates Beijing\u2019s choice of the path of creating high-yield nuclear weapons right away<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Nuclear Weapons \u2013 FAS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclearweaponarchive.org\/China\/ChinaTesting.html\" >China\u2019s Nuclear Weapons \u2013 China\u2019s Nuclear Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/world-nuclear.org\/info\/Country-Profiles\/Countries-A-F\/China--Nuclear-Power\/\" >Nuclear Power in China \u2013 WORLD NUCLEAR ASSOCIATION \u2013 World-Nuclear.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wilsoncenter.org\/sites\/default\/files\/soviet_policies_twrds_chinas_nuclear_weapons_prgm_1.pdf\" >THE NUCLEAR PROLIFERATION INTERNATIOAL HISTORY PROJECT WORKING PAPER SERIES \u2013 Between Aid and Restriction: Changing Soviet Policies toward China\u2019s Nuclear Weapons Program: 1954-1960, by Zhihua Shen and Yafeng Xia \u2013 NPIHP Working Paper #2 \u2013 May 2012 \u2013 WilsonCenter.org \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/articles\/2013-06-02\/china-nuclear-weapons-stock-grows-as-india-matches-pakistan-rise\" >China Nuclear Stockpile as India Matches Pakistan Rise, by Robert Wall \u2013 June 3, 2013 \u2013 Bloomberg.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nationalinterest.org\/feature\/should-america-fear-chinas-nuclear-weapons-11046\" >Should America Fear China\u2019s Nuclear Weapons? ,by Robert Farley \u2013 August 10, 2014 \u2013 The National Interest \u2013 NationalInterest.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_Republic_of_China\" >Timeline of China\u2019s nuclear program \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1958\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-united-states-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >US performs nuclear test<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nevada_Test_Site\" >Nevada Test Site<\/a>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>For some more pertinent information, see <\/em>\u201c<strong>1986<\/strong> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-united-states-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >US performs nuclear test<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nevada_Test_Site\" >Nevada Test Site<\/a>\u201d, <em>mentioned above.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1951\u00a0 <\/strong>The first <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Prime_Minister_of_Pakistan\" >Prime Minister of Pakistan<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Liaquat_Ali_Khan\" >Liaquat Ali Khan<\/a>, is <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Assassination\" >assassinated<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rawalpindi\" >Rawalpindi<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1949\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Diplomatic_relations\" >diplomatic relations<\/a> between the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soviet_Union\" >Soviet Union<\/a> and the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/German_Democratic_Republic\" >German Democratic Republic<\/a> are established.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>East Germany and the Soviet Union:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/East_Germany%E2%80%93Soviet_Union_relations\" >East Germany-Soviet Union relations \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.country-data.com\/cgi-bin\/query\/r-5135.html\" >East Germany \u2013 Relations with the Soviet Union \u2013 Country-Data.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>East Germany during the Cold War Era:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_East_Germany\" >History of East Germany \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/spartacus-educational.com\/2WWeastGermany.htm\" >East Germany \u2013 Spartacus-Educational.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ushmm.org\/wlc\/en\/article.php?ModuleId=10005506\" >THE SOVIET UNION AND EUROPE AFTER 1945 \u2013 Holocaust Encyclopedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jfklibrary.org\/JFK\/JFK-in-History\/The-Cold-War-in-Berlin.aspx\" >The Cold War in Berlin \u2013 John F Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/econc10.bu.edu\/economic_systems\/Economics\/Command_Econ\/labor\/comec_labor_germany.htm\" >LABOR IN EAST GERMANY UNDER THE SOVIET-TYPE COMMAND ECONOMY 1950-1960, by Hidemi Tatsumiya Goma \u2013 BU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/gdc.gale.com\/archivesunbound\/archives-unbound-east-germany-from-stalinization-to-the-new-economic-policy-19501963\/\" >East Germany from Stabilization to the New Economic Policy, 1950-1963 \u2013 Archives Unbound \u2013 Gale.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/future.state.gov\/when\/timeline\/1969_detente\/fall_of_communism.html\" >FALL OF COMMUNISM \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/eastgermany.info\/TimeLine.htm\" >Timeline of East Germany History \u2013 EastGermany.info<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1949\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nikolaos_Zachariadis\" >Nikolaos Zachariadis<\/a>, leader of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Communist_Party_of_Greece\" >Communist Party of Greece<\/a>, announces a \u201ctemporary cease-fire\u201d, effectively ending the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Greek_Civil_War\" >Greek Civil War<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1946\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nuremberg_Trials\" >Nuremberg Trials<\/a>: Execution of the convicted <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nazi\" >Nazi<\/a> leaders of the Main Trial.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Judgements of 1 October 1946:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/crimeofaggression.info\/documents\/6\/1946_Nuremberg_Judgement.pdf\" >Judgements of 1 October 1946 \u2013 INTERNATIONNAL MILITARY TRIBUNAL (NUREMBERG) \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Nuremberg Military Tribunal:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/law2.umkc.edu\/faculty\/projects\/ftrials\/nuremberg\/NurembergChronology.html\" >The Nuremberg Trials: Chronology \u2013 UMKC.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/avalon.law.yale.edu\/subject_menus\/imt.asp\" >The International Military Tribunal for Germany \u2013 Contents of the Nuremberg Trials Collection \u2013 Avalon Project \u2013 Yale Law School<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/world-war-ii\/nuremberg-trials\" >THE NUBERMBERG TRIALS \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/history1900s.about.com\/od\/1940s\/fl\/The-Nuremberg-Trials.htm\" >The Nuremberg Trials \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ushmm.org\/information\/exhibitions\/online-features\/special-focus\/nuremberg-trials-legacy\" >THE NUREMBERG TRIALS AND THEIR LEGACY \u2013 USHMM.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ushmm.org\/wlc\/en\/article.php?ModuleId=10007069\" >INTERNATIONAL MILITARY TRIBUNAL AT NUREMBERG \u2013 Holocaust Encyclopedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.faculty.umb.edu\/gary_zabel\/Courses\/Morals%20and%20Law\/M+L\/TheNurembergTrials.html\" >Origin of the International Tribunal at Nuremberg, by January Godkin \u2013 UMB.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.academia.edu\/211759\/THE_INTERNATIONAL_MILITARY_TRIBUNAL_AT_NUREMBERG_THE_ONGOING_REFLECTIONS_IN_INTERNATIONAL_CRIMINAL_LAW\" >THE INTERNATIONAL MILITARY TRIBUNAL AT NUREMBERG: THE ONGOING REFLECTIONS IN INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL LAW, uploaded by B. Baytemir Kontaci \u2013 Academia.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1945\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Food_and_Agriculture_Organization\" >Food and Agriculture Organization<\/a> is founded in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Quebec_City\" >Quebec City<\/a>, Canada.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.fao.org\/home\/en\/\" >Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations \u2013 Official Site<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Food-and-Agriculture-Organization\" >Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/food-agriculture-organization.html\" >Food and Agriculture Organization \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1943\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Holocaust\" >Holocaust<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Raid_of_the_Ghetto_of_Rome\" >Raid of the Ghetto of Rome<\/a><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Jewish People in Rome:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.besttoursofrome.com\/articles\/jewish-raid-deportation-rome\/\" >The Jewish Raid (Deportation), Rome, October 16, 1943 \u2013 Things That Need to be Said<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pope_Pius_XII_and_the_Roman_razzia#Roundup_commences\" >\u201c<em>The roundup began on October 16. The Germans surrounded the Roman Ghetto on Shabbat and went door-to-door in the early morning, waking up the sleeping Jews on their list of addresses. They were given twenty minutes to assemble their possessions and assemble outside in the rain. 1,000 Jews\u2014900 of whom were women and children\u2014were taken to the Military College of Rome, only a few blocks from St. Peter\u2019s Basilica<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Roundup commences \u2013 Pope Pius XII and the Roman razzia \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_the_Jews_in_Italy#Jews_during_the_Fascist_era\" >History of Jews in Italy \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/vjw\/Rome.html\" >Rome, Italy \u2013 Virtual Jewish World \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/sightsofrome.blogspot.hr\/2014\/01\/the-jewish-ghetto-in-rome.html\" >Sights of Rome \u2013 Jewish Ghetto in Rome \u2013 Photographs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/History\/italytime.html\" >Timeline of the Jewish History in Italy \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1940\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Holocaust\" >Holocaust<\/a>: The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Warsaw_Ghetto\" >Warsaw Ghetto<\/a> is established.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Warsaw Ghetto:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/Holocaust\/warsawtoc.html\" >The Warsaw Ghetto \u2013 Holocaust Ghettos \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johndclare.net\/Nazi_Germany3_WarsawGhetto.htm\" >The Warsaw Ghetto, 1940-3 \u2013 JohndClare.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.holocaustresearchproject.org\/ghettos\/warsawghetto.html\" >The Warsaw Ghetto \u2013 HolocaustResearchProject.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/worldhistoryconnected.press.illinois.edu\/6.2\/bingham.html\" >Women and Warsaw Ghetto: A Moment to Decide, by Marjorie Wall Bingham \u2013 World History Connected<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/deathcamps.org\/occupation\/warsaw%20ghetto.html\" >Warsaw Ghetto \u2013 DeathCamps.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.holocaustsurvivors.org\/data.show.php?di=record&amp;da=encyclopedia&amp;ke=117\" >Warsaw Ghetto \u2013 HolocaustSurvivors.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/world-war-ii\/warsaw-ghetto-uprising\" >WARSAW GHETTO UPRISING \u2013 April 19 \u2013 May 16, 1943 \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ushmm.org\/wlc\/en\/article.php?ModuleId=10005188\" >Warsaw Ghetto Uprising \u2013 Holocaust Encyclopedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/agcholocaustlibrary.org\/ghettos.html\" >Ghettos \u2013 Agnes Tnenenbaum Holocaust Library Collection<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1939\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_II\" >World War II<\/a>: First attack on British territory by the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nazi_Germany\" >German<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Luftwaffe\" >Luftwaffe<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1934\u00a0 <\/strong>Chinese <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Communism\" >Communists<\/a> begin the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Long_March\" >Long March<\/a>; it ended a year and four days later, by which time <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mao_Zedong\" >Mao Zedong<\/a> had regained his title as party chairman.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1923\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Walt_Disney_Company\" >The Walt Disney Company<\/a> is founded by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Walt_Disney\" >Walt Disney<\/a> and his brother, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Roy_O._Disney\" >Roy Disney<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1916\u00a0 <\/strong>In Brooklyn, New York, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Margaret_Sanger\" >Margaret Sanger<\/a> opens the first <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Family_planning\" >family planning<\/a> clinic in the United States.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1909\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/William_Howard_Taft\" >William Howard Taft<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Porfirio_D%C3%ADaz\" >Porfirio D\u00edaz<\/a> hold a summit, a first between a US and a Mexican president, and they only narrowly escape assassination.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1906\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wilhelm_Voigt\" >Captain of K\u00f6penick<\/a> fools the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/City_hall_%28administration%29\" >city hall<\/a> of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/K%C3%B6penick\" >K\u00f6penick<\/a> and several soldiers by impersonating a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Prussia\" >Prussian<\/a> officer.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1905\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Partition_of_Bengal_%281905%29\" >Partition of Bengal<\/a> in India takes place.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1882\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/New_York,_Chicago_and_St._Louis_Railroad\" >Nickel Plate Railroad<\/a> opens for business.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1875\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Brigham_Young_University\" >Brigham Young University<\/a> is founded in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Provo,_Utah\" >Provo, Utah<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1869\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Girton_College,_Cambridge\" >Girton College, Cambridge<\/a> is founded, becoming England\u2019s first residential college for women.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1869\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cardiff_Giant\" >Cardiff Giant<\/a>, one of the most famous American hoaxes, is \u201cdiscovered\u201d.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1846\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/William_T._G._Morton\" >William T. G. Morton<\/a> first demonstrated ether <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anesthesia\" >anesthesia<\/a> at the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Massachusetts_General_Hospital\" >Massachusetts General Hospital<\/a> in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ether_Dome\" >Ether Dome<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1843\u00a0 <\/strong>Sir <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/William_Rowan_Hamilton\" >William Rowan Hamilton<\/a> comes up with the idea of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Quaternion\" >quaternions<\/a>, a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Commutativity\" >non-commutative<\/a> extension of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Complex_number\" >complex numbers<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1813\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sixth_Coalition\" >Sixth Coalition<\/a> attacks <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Napoleon\" >Napoleon Bonaparte<\/a> in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Leipzig\" >Battle of Leipzig<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1793\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Wattignies\" >Battle of Wattignies<\/a> ends in a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/French_First_Republic\" >French<\/a> victory.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1793\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marie_Antoinette\" >Marie Antoinette<\/a>, widow of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Louis_XVI_of_France\" >Louis XVI<\/a>, is <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guillotine\" >guillotined<\/a> at the height of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/French_Revolution\" >French Revolution<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Marie Antoinette:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/marie-antoinette\" >MARIE ANTOINETTE \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.biography.com\/people\/marie-antoinette-9398996#%21\" >Marie Antoinette \u2013 Biography.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/bastille-day.com\/biography\/Marie-Antoinette\" >Marie Antoinette \u2013 Biography \u2013 Bastille Day and the French Revolution (1789)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.marie-antoinette.org\/\" >MAIRE ANTOINETTE ONLINE \u2013 MarieAntoinette.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.smithsonianmag.com\/history\/marie-antoinette-134629573\/?no-ist\" >Marie Antoinette \u2013 Smithsonian.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/lucidcafe.com\/library\/95nov\/antoinette.html\" >Marie Antoinette \u2013 Queen of France, 1755-1793 \u2013 Lucidcaf\u00e9 \u2013 Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/marieantoinette\/faces\/antoinette.html\" >The Queen\u00a0: Marie Antoinette \u2013 PBS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/womenshistory.about.com\/od\/rulerspre20th\/p\/marieantoinette.htm\" >Marie Antoinette\u00a0: Queen Consort to Louis XVI of France 1774-1793, by Jone Johnson Lewis \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>French Revolution:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/french-revolution\" >FRENCH REVOLUTION \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/French_Revolution\" >French Revolution \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/French-Revolution\" >French Revolution 1787-1799 \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/french-revolution.html\" >French Revolution \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history-world.org\/french_revolution.htm\" >French Revolution: An Overview \u2013 History-World.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.victorianweb.org\/history\/hist7.html\" >French Revolution \u2013 The Victorian Web \u2013 VictorianWeb.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1784-1800\/french-rev\" >The United States and the French Revolution 1789-1799 \u2013 OFFICE of the HISTORIAN \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Causes_of_the_French_Revolution\" >Causes of the French Revolution \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mtholyoke.edu\/courses\/rschwart\/hist151s03\/french_rev_causes_consequences.htm\" >History 151 The French Revolution: Causes, Outcomes, Conflicting Interpretations \u2013 Mr. Schwartz<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>A Case Study on Nonviolence: Nonviolence Revolutions vs. the French Revolution:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nonviolent_revolution\" >Nonviolent revolution \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.prodsyse.com\/conflict\/Nonviolence&amp;AmericanRevolution.pdf\" >Violence, nonviolence, and the American Revolution, by Spencer Graves \u2013 Prodsyse.com \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/revolutions.mka.org\/2012\/03\/02\/is-violence-necessary-for-a-revolution-to-succeed\/\" >Is Violence Necessary for a Revolution to Succeed? , posted on March 2, 2012 \u2013 MKA.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldsocialism.org\/spgb\/printpdf\/book\/export\/html\/13077\" >Nonviolent Revolution: A Contradiction in Terms? \u2013 WorldSocialism.org \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.studymode.com\/essays\/Nonviolent-Vs-Violent-Revolution-174446.html\" >Nonviolent vs. Violent Revolution \u2013 StudyMode.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pacificfreepress.com\/news\/1\/8046-violent-or-non-violent-revolution.html\" >Violent or Non-Violent Revolution \u2013 Pacific Free Press \u2013 PacificFreePress.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/san.beck.org\/GPJ20-Gandhi.html\" >Gandhi\u2019s Nonviolent Revolution \u2013 Beck.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/prezi.com\/qvrmsnkpxbim\/gandhis-nonviolence-revolution\/\" >Gandhi\u2019s nonviolence revolution \u2013 Prezi.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nomes.malcolm-x.org\/?p=1009\" >Non-violence and revolution: the Gandhi myth \u2013 August 19, 2012 \u2013 Malcom-X.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/beautifultrouble.org\/theory\/revolutionary-nonviolence\/\" >Theory: Revolutionary Nonviolence \u2013 BeautifulTrouble.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/blog.oup.com\/2015\/03\/chibli-mallat-nonviolence-revolution-arab-spring\/\" >Nonviolence, revolution, and the Arab Spring \u2013 OUP.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.peaceworkersus.org\/nonviolent-revolution-in-egypt\/\" >Nonviolent Revolution in Egypt! \u2013 Peaceworkers \u2013 PeaceworkersUS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-12522848\" >Gene Sharp: Author of the nonviolence revolution rulebook, by Ruaridh Arrow \u2013 21 February 2011 \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.educationanddemocracy.org\/FSCfiles\/C_CC7e_NonviolenceInAmHist.htm\" >NONVIOLENCE IN AMERICAN HISTORY \u2013 EducationAndDemocracy.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.yesmagazine.org\/issues\/love-and-the-apocalypse\/peaceful-revolution-gandhi-s-four-paths-to-get-there\" >Peaceful Revolution? Gandhi\u2019s Four Paths to Get There \u2013 YesMagazine.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.unity.org\/publications\/unity-magazine\/januaryfebruary-2013\/nonviolent-revolution\" >The Nonviolent Revolution, by Heide Aungst \u2013 Unity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/revolutions.mka.org\/2012\/03\/09\/marx-and-engels-on-nonviolence\/\" >Marx and Engels and Nonviolence \u2013 posted on March 9, 2012 \u2013 MKA.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/crooksandliars.com\/2015\/01\/nonviolence-revolution-and-nypd\" >Nonviolence, Revolution, And The NYDP \u2013 Crooks And Liars<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bmartin.cc\/pubs\/88BRnvt2.html\" >The pitfall of nonviolent revolution \u2013 <em>Nonviolent Revolution in India. <\/em>Geoffrey Ostergaard New Delhi: Gandhi Peace Foundation, 1985 \u2013 Bmartin.cc<\/a>, <em><strong>or<\/strong><\/em> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bmartin.cc\/pubs\/88BRnvt2.pdf\" >the same article in pdf<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.oxfordscholarship.com\/view\/10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780199778201.001.0001\/acprof-9780199778201\" >Nonviolent Revolutions: Civil Resistance in the Late 20<sup>th<\/sup> Century, by Sharon Erickson Nepstad \u2013 OxfordScholarship.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nonviolenceinternational.net\/seasia\/whatis\/book.php\" >Nonviolence: An Introduction \u2013 NonviolenceInternational.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/english.ahram.org.eg\/NewsContentP\/4\/35437\/Opinion\/Saving-the-nonviolent-revolution-in-Syria-For-a-cr.aspx\" >Saving the nonviolent revolution in Syria: For a creditable strategy, by Sadek Jalal al-Azm et al \u2013 Sunday, 26 Feb 2012 \u2013 Ahram Online<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.morningsidecenter.org\/teachable-moment\/lessons\/egypts-nonviolent-revolution\" >EGHYPT\u2019S NONVIOLENT REVOLUTION \u2013 Morningside Center \u2013 MonrningcideCenter.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>_____________________________________<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>(<em>Sources and references:<\/em><\/strong><em> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/october10\" >https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/october10<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 to_october_16; <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.onthisday.com\/events\/october\/10\" >http:\/\/www.onthisday.com\/events\/october\/10<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 to october\/16;\u00a0\u00a0 <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brainyhistory.com\/days\/october_10.html\" >http:\/\/www.brainyhistory.com\/days\/october_10.html<\/a>.\u00a0\u00a0 to october_16.html; and other pertinent web sites and\/or documents, mentioned above.<\/em><strong>)<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><em>The views expressed in the cited or quoted websites and\/or documents in this article do not necessarily reflect those of the author of this article. These websites and\/or documents are cited or quoted for academic or educational purposes. Neither the author of this article nor the Transcend Media Service (TMS) is responsible for the contents, information, or whatsoever contained in these websites and\/or documents.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>One of the primary purposes of this article is to provide the readers with opportunities to think about \u201cpeace\u201d, including positive peace and negative peace as well as external\/outer peace and internal\/inner peace, and more, directly or indirectly, from various angles and\/or in the broadest sense, through historical events. It is because this article is prepared specifically for the TMS whose main objective is to address \u201cpeace\u201d.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><em>Satoshi Ashikaga, having worked as researcher, development program\/project officer, legal protection\/humanitarian assistance officer, human rights monitor-negotiator, managing-editor, and more, prefers a peaceful and prudent life, especially that in communion with nature.\u00a0 His previous work experiences, including those in war zones and war-torn zones, remind him of the invaluableness of peace.\u00a0 His interest and\/or expertise includes international affairs, international law, jurisprudence, economic and business affairs, project\/operations or organizational management, geography, history, the environmental\/ecological issues, science and technology, visual\/audio documentation of nature and culture, and more. Being a member of the <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/\" ><em>TRANSCEND Network for Peace, Development and Environment<\/em><\/a><em>, he is currently compiling <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/category\/history\/\" >This Week in History<\/a> <em>on <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/\" >TMS<\/a><em>.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Oct 10-16 ~ QUOTE OF THE WEEK: \u201cFaith allows things to happen.  It is the power that comes from a fearless heart.  And when a fearless heart believes, miracles happen.\u201d &#8211; Unknown<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[148],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-79516","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-history"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/79516","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=79516"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/79516\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=79516"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=79516"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=79516"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}