{"id":84636,"date":"2017-01-16T12:00:41","date_gmt":"2017-01-16T12:00:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/?p=84636"},"modified":"2016-12-25T17:40:56","modified_gmt":"2016-12-25T17:40:56","slug":"this-week-in-history-111","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2017\/01\/this-week-in-history-111\/","title":{"rendered":"This Week in History"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/TWH-logo.jpeg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-62806\" src=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/TWH-logo.jpeg\" width=\"500\" height=\"276\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><em>Jan 16-22<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><strong>QUOTE OF THE WEEK:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><strong><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.searchquotes.com\/quotation\/You_didn%27t_want_to_be_my_friend_in_elementary_school._You_didn%27t_want_to_be_my_friend_in_junior_high\/711914\/\" >\u201cYou didn\u2019t want to be my friend in elementary school. \u00a0You didn\u2019t want to be my friend in junior high school. \u00a0And you certainly weren\u2019t my friend in high school. \u00a0Why on Earth do you want to be my Facebook friend today?\u201d<\/a><\/em><\/strong><strong> \u2013 <\/strong>William E Lewis Jr.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>JANUARY 16<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>2013\u00a0 <\/strong>An estimated 41 international workers are <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/In_Am%C3%A9nas_hostage_crisis\" >taken hostage<\/a> in an attack in the town of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/In_Am%C3%A9nas\" >In Am\u00e9nas<\/a>, Algeria.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>In Am\u00e9nas in Algeria Hostage Crisis of January 2013:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/In_Amenas_hostage_crisis\" >In Amenas hostage crisis \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2013\/jan\/17\/algeria-hostage-crisis-offensive\" >Algeria: many hostages feared dead as special forces move in \u2013 17 January 2013 \u2013 theguardian.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-21087732\" >Algeria hostage crisis: What we know \u2013 21 January 2013 \u2013 BBC \u2013 bbc.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/security.blogs.cnn.com\/2013\/01\/21\/algeria-hostage-crisis-may-be-future-of-terrorism\/\" >Algeria hostage crisis may be future of terrorism \u2013 January 21, 2013 &#8211; cnn.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2013\/01\/19\/world\/africa\/algeria-hostage-crisis\/index.html\" >Bloody hostage crisis ends after \u2018final\u2019 assault, official say \u2013 January 23, 2013 \u2013 cnn.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2013\/jan\/25\/in-amenas-timeline-siege-algeria\" >Algeria hostage crisis: the full story of the kidnapping in the desert \u2013 25 January 2013 \u2013 theguardian.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Algeria:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ciaworldfactbook.us\/africa\/algeria.html\" >Algeria \u2013 The World Factbook \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.un.org\/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=Algeria\" >Algeria \u2013 Data \u2013 UN Data<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Algeria\" >Algeria \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/algeria.html\" >Algeria \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/algeria\/\" >Algeria \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-14118852\" >Algeria country profile \u2013 Overview \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of Algeria:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Algeria\" >History of Algeria \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/algeria-history.html\" >Algeria \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.algeria.com\/history\/\" >A Synopsis of Algeria\u2019s History \u2013 Algeria.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/algeria\/history\" >Algeria \u2013 History \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nationsonline.org\/oneworld\/History\/Algeria-history.htm\" >History of Algeria \u2013 NationsOnline.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyworld.net\/wrldhis\/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=ac92\" >HISTORY OF ALGERIA \u2013 HistoryWorld.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Algerian_War\" >Algerian War (of Independence) \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Algerian_Civil_War\" >Algerian Civil War \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.everyculture.com\/A-Bo\/Algeria.html\" >Culture of Algeria \u2013 EveryCulture.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Culture_of_Algeria\" >Culture of Algeria \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/africanhistory.about.com\/od\/algeria\/l\/Bl-Algeria-Timeline-1.htm\" >Algeria Timeline \u2013 Part I: Prehistory to Colonization<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Economy of Algeria:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_Algeria\" >Economy of Algeria \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/algeria-economy.html\" >Algeria \u2013 Economy \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.algeria.com\/economy\/\" >Algeria \u2013 Economy \u2013 Algeria.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/algeria\" >Algeria \u2013 The Heritage Foundation<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/country\/algeria\/overview\" >Algeria \u2013 Overview \u2013 THE WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/algeria\" >Algeria \u2013 Data \u2013 THE WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Foreign Relations of Algeria:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_Algeria\" >Foreign relations of Algeria \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cfr.org\/region\/algeria\/ri354\" >Algeria \u2013 Council on Foreign Relations \u2013 CFR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/r\/pa\/ei\/bgn\/8005.htm\" >US Relations with Algeria \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/military\/world\/algeria\/forrel.htm\" >Algeria \u2013 Foreign Relations \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.arso.org\/Algerian_Foreign_Policy.doc\" >Some elements about the Algerian Foreign Policy<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ctc.usma.edu\/posts\/algerian-foreign-policy-in-the-context-of-the-arab-spring\" >ALGERIAN FOREIGN POLICY IN THE CONTEXT OF THE ARAB SPRING, by Anouar Boukhars \u2013 January 14, 2013 \u2013 USMA.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/country-facts.com\/en\/country\/africa\/35-algeria\/69-algeria-foreign-relations-a-military.pdf\" >Algeria \u2013 Foreign Relations &amp; Military \u2013 Country-Facts.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Algeria and the United Nations:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.un.int\/algeria\/\" >Permanent Mission of Algeria to the United Nations, New York<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/embassy-finder.com\/algeria_in_geneva_switzerland\" >Permanent Mission to the United Nations of Algeria in Geneva<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2012\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Wikipedia#2012\" >The English Wikipedia protests anti-piracy legislation proposed by the US Congress by shutting down its website<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2006\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ellen_Johnson_Sirleaf\" >Ellen Johnson Sirleaf<\/a> is sworn in as <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Liberia\" >Liberia<\/a>\u2018s new <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/President\" >president<\/a>. She becomes Africa\u2019s first female elected head of state.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2005\u00a0 <\/strong>Romanian university lecturer and novelist <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Adriana_Iliescu\" >Adriana Iliescu<\/a> gives birth at 66 to her daughter Eliza, breaking the record for the oldest birth mother in the world<\/p>\n<p><strong>2003\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Space_Shuttle_Columbia\" >Space Shuttle <em>Columbia<\/em><\/a> takes off for mission <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/STS-107\" >STS-107<\/a> which would be its final one. <em>Columbia<\/em> disintegrated 16 days later on re-entry.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2002\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Nations_Security_Council\" >UN Security Council<\/a> unanimously establishes an arms embargo and the freezing of assets of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Osama_bin_Laden\" >Osama bin Laden<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Al-Qaeda\" >al-Qaeda<\/a>, and the remaining members of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Taliban\" >Taliban<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>UN Security Council S\/RES\/1390 (2002):<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.un.org\/en\/ga\/search\/view_doc.asp?symbol=S\/RES\/1390%282002%29\" >UN Security Council Resolution 1390 (2002) of 16 January 2002<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Osama bin Laden:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/osama-bin-laden\" >OSAMA BIN LADEN \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.biography.com\/people\/osama-bin-laden-37172\" >Osama bin Laden (1957-2011) \u2013 Biography.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/topic\/person\/osama-bin-laden-19572011\" >Osama bin Laden (1957-2011) \u2013 News Archive \u2013 NYTimes.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/wgbh\/pages\/frontline\/shows\/binladen\/who\/bio.html\" >A BIOGRAPHY OF OSAMA BIN LADEN \u2013 FRONTLINE \u2013 PBS.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/spot\/osamabinladen.html\" >Osama bin Laden \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.fbi.gov\/wanted\/topten\/usama-bin-laden\" >FBI \u2013 USAMA BIN LADEN<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Death of Osama bin Laden:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Death_of_Osama_bin_Laden\" >Death of Osama bin Laden \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/osama-bin-laden-is-dead\/\" >Osama bin Laden is dead \u2013 May 2, 2011 \u2013 CBSNews.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/abcnews.go.com\/Blotter\/osama-bin-laden-killed\/story?id=13505703\" >Osama bin Laden Killed: \u2018Justice Is Done,\u2019 President Says, by Dean Schabner and Karen Travers \u2013 ABCNews.go.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>What was the Cause of the Death of Osama bin Laden? :<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/humansarefree.com\/2011\/05\/proof-that-osama-bin-laden-was-cia-and.html\" >Proof that Osama bin Laden Was CIA and Died in 2001 \u2013 Bush \u2013 Laden \u2013 CIA Connections \u2013 HumansAreFree.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2001\/12\/26\/international\/asia\/26LADE.html\" >High-Level Murmurings That bin Laden Is Dead, by John Burns \u2013 December 26, 2001 \u2013 The New York Times \u2013 NYTimes.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.dailymail.co.uk\/news\/article-1212851\/Has-Osama-Bin-Laden-dead-seven-years--U-S-Britain-covering-continue-war-terror.html\" >Has Osama Bin Laden been dead for seven years \u2013 and are the US and Britain covering it up to continue war on terror? \u2013 11 September 2009 \u2013 DailMail.co.uk<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infowars.com\/red-alert-government-had-osama-bin-laden-frozen-for-years\/\" >RED ALERT: GOVERNMENT HAD OSAMA BIN LADEN FROZEN FOR YEARS, by Kurt Nimmo and Alex Jones \u2013 May 1, 2011 \u2013 Infowars.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/beforeitsnews.com\/eu\/2014\/11\/bin-laden-died-in-december-2001-of-renal-failure-as-reported-on-fox-news-at-the-time-2572700.html\" >\u201cOsama bin Laden died in December 2001 of renal failure and other health problems, having denied in his last recorded video any responsibility for 9\/11, instead directing Americans to look inside their own government. The FBI itself has stated that there is no evidence that Osama bin Laden is responsible for 9\/11.\u201d \u2013 Bin Laden died in December 2001 of renal failure, as reported on Fox News at the time \u2013 Tuesday, November 11, 2014 \u2013 BeforeItsNews.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=FgnxyY_v99U\" >NEW YORK TIMES \u2013 OSAMA BIN LADEN DIED of KIDNEY FAILURE 2001: YouTube video (14 min. 14 sec.)<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalresearch.ca\/osama-died-in-2001-msnbc-hit-piece-unwittingly-reveals-corroboration-for-dr-steve-r-pieczenik-s-assertion\/24753\" >\u201cPieczenik, a State Department official in three different administrations and an award-winning Harvard Medical School luminary, told The Alex Jones Show last week that the alleged raid on Bin Laden\u2019s compound was a fable because Osama had already been dead for the best part of a decade. Pieczenik originally appeared on the show back in April 2002 when he asserted that Bin Laden had been \u201cdead for months,\u201d and that the government was waiting for the most politically expedient time to roll out his corpse.\u201d \u2013 Osama died in 2001: MSNBC hit piece unwittingly reveals corroborations for Dr. Steve R. Pieczenik\u2019s assertion \u2013 GlobalResearch.ca<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Bush Family, CIA, and Osama bin Laden:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.truth-out.org\/archive\/item\/69782:ties-between-the-bush-family-and-osama-bin-laden\" >Ties Between Bush Family and Osama bin Laden<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/lundissimo.info\/wtc\/bushbinladen.html\" >The Bush \u2013 Bin Laden Connection<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/humansarefree.com\/2011\/05\/proof-that-osama-bin-laden-was-cia-and.html\" >Proof That Osama bin Laden Was CIA Died in 2001! Bush \u2013 Laden \u2013 CIA Connections<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/whatreallyhappened.com\/WRHARTICLES\/binladen_cia.html\" >Osama bin Laden, A.K.A. CIA Asset \u201cTim Osman\u201c<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/newsone.com\/1205745\/cia-osama-bin-laden-al-qaeda\/\" >How The CIA Created Osama Bin Laden<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/aangirfan.blogspot.com\/2012\/04\/bin-laden-wife-is-cia-fake.html\" >Bin Laden Wife Is a CIA Fake<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Osama bin Laden, 9\/11, and Iraq:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/capitolwords.org\/date\/2004\/06\/01\/H3568-7_the-connection-between-saddam-hussein-and-osama-bi\/\" >The Connection Between Saddam Hussein And Osama Bin Laden<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/911myths.com\/index.php\/Connecting_bin_Laden_to_9-11\" >Connecting bin Laden to 9-11<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/911review.com\/myth\/binladen.html\" >9\/11 Review: Osama bin Laden<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/911hardfacts.com\/report_19.htm\" >9\/11 Hard Facts: Bin Laden \u2018Confession\u2019 Tapes<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.informationclearinghouse.info\/article13664.htm\" >FBI says, it has \u201cNo hard evidence connecting bin Laden to 9\/11\u201d<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.veteranstoday.com\/2009\/10\/30\/bin-laden-and-9-11-the-evidence\/\" >Bin Laden and 9\/11: The Evidence<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tvnewslies.org\/html\/bin_laden_ties.html\" >Bin Laden Ties \u2013 TvNewLIES.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nbcnews.com\/id\/5223932\/ns\/us_news-security\/t\/panel-sees-no-link-between-iraq-al-qaida\/#.VecPnZeufX4\" >9\/11 panel sees no link between Iraq, al-Qaeda<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/wp-dyn\/articles\/A47812-2004Jun16.html\" >Al-Qaeda-Hussein Link Dismissed \u2013 The Washington Post<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nbcnews.com\/id\/5228545\/ns\/msnbc-hardball_with_chris_matthews\/t\/commission-no-link-between-bin-laden-saddam\/#.VecQhJeufX4\" >9\/11 commission: No link between bin Laden and Saddam<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Al-Qaeda:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Al-Qaeda\" >Al-Qaeda \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=Dqn0bm4E9yw\" >YouTube video (1 min. 35 sec.): Hillary Clinton: We created Al-Qaeda<\/a>, <strong><em>or<\/em><\/strong> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=SYKD_Qjhcwg\" >YouTube video (1 min. 32 sec.): Hillary Clinton Admits U.S. Government Created al-Qaeda<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=PJLR1LhxiN0\" >YouTube video (4 min. 04 sec.): Hillary Clinton ADMITS that the CIA Started and Funded Al Qaeda<\/a>, <strong><em>or<\/em><\/strong> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=WnLvzV9xAHA\" >YouTube video (1 min. 23 sec.): Hillary Clinton: \u2018We Created al-Qaeda\u2019<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=WHijBQn6lVk\" >YouTube video (10 min. 40 sec.): The United States is Arming, Funding Al-Qaeda, Syrian Rebels<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Allegations_of_CIA_assistance_to_Osama_bin_Laden\" >CIA \u2013 al-Qaeda controversy \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/polidics.com\/cia\/top-ranking-cia-operatives-admit-al-qaeda-is-a-complete-fabrication.html\" >Top Ranking CIA Operative Admit Al-qaeda Is a Complete Fabrication \u2013 Polidics.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historycommons.org\/context.jsp?item=a86operationcyclone\" >Context of \u20181986-1992: CIA and British Recruit and Train Militants Worldwide to Help Fight Afghan War\u2019<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/planet.infowars.com\/worldnews\/australia-oceania\/the-usas-role-in-creating-al-qaeda\" >The USA\u2019s Role in Creating \u2018Al-Qaeda\u2019<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.gamespot.com\/forums\/offtopic-discussion-314159273\/former-british-foreign-secretary-robin-cook-says-t-26723843\/\" >Former Foreign Secretary Robin Cook says there is no Al Qaeda<\/a>, <strong><em>or<\/em><\/strong> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/911myths.com\/index.php\/Al_Qaeda_does_not_exist\" >Al Qaeda does not exist<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/conservativebyte.com\/2013\/09\/cia-begins-delivering-weapons-al-qaeda-syria\/\" >CIA Begins Delivering Weapons to al-Qaeda in Syria<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.longwarjournal.org\/archives\/2013\/09\/report_american-supplied_arms.php\" >Report: American-supplied arms fell into al Qaeda\u2019s hands<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=cLjZoA3GaVE\" >CIA Agent: America creates its own enemies<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.spiritus-temporis.com\/al-qaeda\/alleged-cia-involvement.html\" >Al-Qaeda \u2013 Alleged CIA involvement<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.oilempire.us\/qaeda.html\" >Al-Qaeda: al-CIA-duh!<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.foreignaffairs.com\/articles\/afghanistan\/2005-10-01\/blowback-revisited\" >Blowback Revisited \u2013 Foreign Affairs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Blowback_%28intelligence%29\" >Blowback (intelligence) \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.examiner.com\/article\/cia-created-9-11-blowback-american-citizens-paid\" >CIA created 9\/11 blowback, American citizens paid<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/rense.com\/general73\/cia.htm\" >More Evidence \u2018al Qaeda\u2019 Is a CIA-ISI Contrivance \u2013 rense.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=fAawF22QUMs\" >Former CIA Agent Exposes the 9\/11 Cover up<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.washingtonsblog.com\/2012\/09\/sleeping-with-the-devil-how-u-s-and-saudi-backing-of-al-qaeda-led-to-911.html\" >Sleeping with the Devil: How U.S. and Saudi Backing of Al-Qaeda Led to 9\/11<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/whatreallyhappened.com\/WRHARTICLES\/fakealqaeda.php#axzz3kaQnTMqO\" >Fake Al Qaeda<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infowars.com\/how-the-cia-gave-al-qaeda-1-million-and-what-that-money-was-used-for\/\" >How The CIA Gave Al-Qaeda $1 Million and What That Money Used For<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.veteranstoday.com\/2013\/04\/20\/the-cias-founding-of-al-qaeda-documented\" >The CIA\u2019s \u201cFounding\u201d of Al Qaeda Documented<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/report-cia-money-given-to-al-qaeda\/\" >Report: CIA money was given to al Qaeda<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=3ekmAeiEk2U\" >US Pentagon Gives Al-Qaeda And ISIS $500 MILLION In Weapons And CASH<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/2015\/03\/14\/us-afghanistan-alqaeda-cia-idUSKBN0MA0S620150314\" >Afghanistan gave CIA money to al Qaeda for diplomat\u2019s ransom: NYT<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.syrianews.cc\/syria-cia-sends-weapons-terrorists\/\" >Syria: CIA sends Weapons to Terrorist within next weeks<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=oSvOciUYYMw\" >What\u2019s the difference between ISIS and Al Qaeda?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=c3I3ahtwrZE\" >US in bed with Al-Qaeda: George Galloway<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infowars.com\/former-al-qaeda-commander-isis-works-for-the-cia\/\" >Former Al Qaeda Commander: ISIS Works for the CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/topics.nytimes.com\/top\/reference\/timestopics\/organizations\/a\/al_qaeda\/index.html\" >Al Qaeda: Chronology of Coverage \u2013 The New York Times<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/docs.house.gov\/meetings\/FA\/FA18\/20131212\/101591\/HHRG-113-FA18-Wstate-LewisJ-20131212.pdf\" >Middle East Security Report 14, September 2013, by Jessica D. Lewis, \u2013 Al-Qaeda in Iraq Resurgent: Breaking the Walls Campaign Part 1<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Taliban:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-south-asia-11451718\" >Who are the Taliban? \u2013 July 29, 2015 \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.wisegeek.org\/what-is-the-taliban.htm\" >What is the Taliban? \u2013 WiseGeek.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/asianhistory.about.com\/od\/afghanista1\/f\/Who-Are-the-Taliban.htm\" >Who Are the Taliban?, by Kalie Szczepanski \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.encyclopedia.com\/topic\/Taliban.aspx\" >Taliban \u2013 Encyclopedia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/spot\/taliban.html\" >Who Are the Taliban \u2013 Their history and their resurgence, by Laura Hay, Borgna Brunner, and Beth Rowen \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Taliban\" >Taliban \u2013 Political and religious faction, Afghanistan \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/special_reports\/taliban_conflict\" >Taliban conflict \u2013 BBC News<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cfr.org\/afghanistan\/taliban-afghanistan\/p10551\" >The Taliban in Afghanistan, by Zachary Laub \u2013 July 4, 2014 \u2013 CFR Backgrounders \u2013 CFR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Taliban_treatment_of_women\" >Taliban treatment of women \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>History of Taliban:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www-pub.naz.edu\/%7Eaamghar6\/History%20of%20the%20Taliban.htm\" >History of the Taliban \u2013 NAZ.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/asia\/2009\/03\/2009389217640837.html\" >Timeline: Taliban in Afghanistan \u2013 4 Jul 2009 \u2013 ALJAZEERA.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.factmonster.com\/spot\/taliban-time.html\" >Timeline \u2013 The Taliban \u2013 FactMosnter.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Is the Taliban a Terrorist Organization? :<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thediplomat.com\/2014\/03\/yes-the-taliban-are-terrorists\/\" >Yes, The Taliban Are Terrorists, by Aziz Hikimi \u2013 March 25, 2014 \u2013 TheDiplomat.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theblaze.com\/stories\/2014\/06\/02\/is-the-taliban-still-considered-a-terrorist-group-jay-carney-wont-say\/\" >Is Taliban Still Considered a \u2018Terrorist Group?\u2019 Jay Carney Won\u2019t Say, by Fred Lucas \u2013 Jun. 2, 2014 \u2013 TheBaze.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/abcnews.go.com\/Politics\/white-house-taliban-terrorist-organization\/story?id=23981888\" >White House: Yes, The Taliban Is a Terrorist Organization, by John Parkinson and Lee Ferran \u2013 June 4, 2014 \u2013 ABCNews.go.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.newsmax.com\/Newsfront\/white-house-spokesman-taliban-not\/2015\/01\/28\/id\/621364\/\" >White House Spokesman: Taliban Not a Terrorist Group, by Joel Himelfarb \u2013 Wednesday, 28 Jan. 2015 \u2013 NewsMax.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/hotair.com\/archives\/2015\/01\/28\/white-house-embarrasses-itself-with-claim-taliban-is-not-a-terrorist-group\/\" >White House embarrasses itself with claim Taliban is not a terrorist group \u2013 January 28, 2015 \u2013 HotAir.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/townhall.com\/tipsheet\/katiepavlich\/2015\/01\/29\/white-house-the-taliban-isnt-a-terrorist-group-n1949938\" >White House: The Taliban Isn\u2019t a Terrorist Group, by Katie Pavlich \u2013 Jan.29, 2015 \u2013 TownHall.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2001\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/President_of_the_United_States\" >US President<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bill_Clinton\" >Bill Clinton<\/a> awards former President <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Theodore_Roosevelt\" >Theodore Roosevelt<\/a> a posthumous <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Medal_of_Honor\" >Medal of Honor<\/a> for his service in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Spanish%E2%80%93American_War\" >Spanish\u2013American War<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2001\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo\" >Congolese<\/a> President <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Laurent-D%C3%A9sir%C3%A9_Kabila\" >Laurent-D\u00e9sir\u00e9 Kabila<\/a> is assassinated by one of his own bodyguards.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Assassination<\/strong><\/em><em><strong> of Laurent-D\u00e9sir\u00e9 Kabila:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sahistory.org.za\/dated-event\/drc-president-laurent-kabila-assassinated\" >DRC President Laurent Kabila is assassinated \u2013 Thursday, January 16, 2001 \u2013 SAHistory.org.za<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/feb\/11\/theobserver\" >Revealed: how Africa\u2019s dictator died at the hands of his boy soldiers \u2013 Sunday, 11 February, 2001 \u2013 TheGuardian.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.irinnews.org\/in-depth\/72286\/57\/the-death-of-laurent-desire-kabila\" >DRC: Introduction \u2013 The death of Laurent Desire Kabila \u2013 IRINNews.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/programmes\/2011\/10\/20111027131838717148.html\" >\u201c<em>Who really killed DR Congo\u2019s President Laurent Desire Kabila and is the world ignoring a major miscarriage of justice?<\/em>\u201d\u2013 Murder in Kinshasa \u2013 28 Oct 2011 \u2013 Aljaxzeera.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Democratic Republic of Congo:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ciaworldfactbook.us\/africa\/democratic-republic-of-the-congo.html\" >CONGO, Democratic Republic of the \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.un.org\/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=Democratic+Republic+of+the+Congo\" >Democratic Republic of the Congo \u2013 UN Data<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/democratic-republic-of-congo.html\" >Congo, Democratic Republic of the, \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalissues.org\/article\/87\/the-democratic-republic-of-congo\" >Democratic Republic of Congo by Anup Shah \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-13283212\" >Democratic Republic of Congo country profile \u2013 Overview \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>History of the Democratic Republic of the Congo:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo\" >History of the Democratic Republic of the Congo \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyworld.net\/wrldhis\/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=ad34\" >THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO \u2013 HistoryWorld.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/democratic-republic-of-congo\/history\" >Democratic Republic of Congo \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/worldatwar.net\/chandelle\/v2\/v2n3\/congo.html\" >Heart of Darkness: the Tragedy of the Congo, 1960-67 \u2013 WorldAtWar.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-13286306\" >Democratic Republic of Congo profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Human Rights in the Democratic Republic of the Congo:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/Countries\/AfricaRegion\/Pages\/CDIndex.aspx\" >Democratic Republic of the Congo \u2013 Human Rights \u2013 Office of the High Commissioner \u2013 OHCHR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/africa\/democratic-republic-congo\" >Democratic Republic of Congo \u2013 Human Rights Watch<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Human_rights_in_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo\" >Human rights in the Democratic Republic of the Congo \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.amnestyusa.org\/our-work\/countries\/africa\/democratic-republic-of-congo\" >Democratic Republic of Congo \u2013 Human Rights \u2013 Amnesty International<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Economy of the Democratic Republic of the Congo:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/country\/drc\" >Democratic Republic of the Congo \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/congo-dem-rep\" >Congo, Dem. Rep. \u2013 Data \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo\" >Economy of the Democratic Republic of the Congo \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/congo-democratic-republic-the-economy.html\" >Congo, Democratic Republic of the, \u2013 Economy \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/democraticrepubliccongo\" >Democratic Republic of Congo \u2013 Index \u2013 THE HERITAGE FOUNDATION<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.our-africa.org\/democratic-republic-of-congo\/economy-industry\" >DP Congo \u2013 Economy and Industry \u2013 Our Africa \u2013 Our-Africa.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.factts.com\/poorest-country\/\" >\u201cDemocratic Republic of the Congo is the world\u2019s poorest country\u00a0according to the data gathered by the International Monetary Fund, World Bank, and CIA World Factbook. The wealth of a country is measured by GDP per capita.\u201d \u2013 Democratic Republic of the Congo is the world poorest country. \u2013 May 10, 2012 \u2013 Factbook \u2013 Factts.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1992\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/El_Salvador\" >El Salvador<\/a> officials and rebel leaders sign the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chapultepec_Peace_Accords\" >Chapultepec Peace Accords<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mexico_City\" >Mexico City, Mexico<\/a> ending the 12-year <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Salvadoran_Civil_War\" >Salvadoran Civil War<\/a> that claimed at least 75,000 lives.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1991\u00a0 <\/strong>The Coalition Forces go to war with <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Iraq\" >Iraq<\/a>, beginning the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gulf_War\" >Gulf War<\/a> (US Time).<\/p>\n<p><em>[Note that the attack of the Coalition Forces began in the early morning of January 17, 1991(Baghdad Time = UTC + 03:00) when it was on January 16, 1991 in the US Time. (Eastern Time = UTC \u2013 05:00) Therefore, the same descriptions as mentioned below are also made in the section of January 17, 1991 in <\/em><strong>This Week in History<\/strong><em>.]<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Gulf War a.k.a. the First Persian Gulf War:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/the-persian-gulf-war-begins\/print\" >JANUARY 16, 1991: THE PERSIAN GULF WAR BEGINS \u2013 History.com<\/a>, <em><strong>or<\/strong><\/em> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/the-persian-gulf-war-begins\" >the same website on this page<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/persian-gulf-war\" >PERSIAN GULF WAR \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Persian-Gulf-War\" >Persian Gulf War \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalissues.org\/article\/707\/iraq-post-1991-persian-gulf-warsanctions\" >\u201c<em>When asked on US television if she [Madeline Albright, US Secretary of State] thought that the death of half a million Iraqi children [from sanctions in Iraq, during the 1990s after the first Gulf War] was a price worth paying, Albright replied: \u2018This is a very hard choice, but we think the price is worth it<\/em>.\u2019\u201d \u2013 Iraq-Post 1991 Persian Gulf War\/Sanctions, by Anup Shah \u2013 GlobalIssues.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyofwar.org\/articles\/wars_gulf1990.html\" >The Gulf War 1990\/1991 \u2013 HistoryOfWar.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/persian-gulf-wars.html\" >Persian Gulf Wars \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/history.state.gov\/departmenthistory\/short-history\/firstgulf\" >First Gulf War \u2013 OFFICE of the HISTORIAN \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/ipa\/A0001293.html\" >The Persian Gulf War (Jan. 16, 1991-April 6, 1991) \u2013 Timeline \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=IFrnQHaQWoA\" >George W H Bush Announces War Against Iraq (January 16 1991): YouTube video (9 min. 59 sec.)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/videos\/1991-start-of-gulf-war\/\" >1991: Start Of Gulf War \u2013 Video \u2013 CBSNews.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/2\/hi\/middle_east\/2754103.stm\" >Flashback: 1991 Gulf War \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cryan.com\/war\/\" >Gulf War \u2013 Cryan.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=HMV_0iTk1qs\" >20<sup>th<\/sup> Century Battlefields \u2013 Persian Gulf War (1991) full video: YouTube video (59 min. 01 sec.)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_Gulf_War\" >Timeline of the Gulf War \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/usatoday30.usatoday.com\/news\/index\/iraq\/nirq050.htm\" >1991 Gulf War chronology \u2013 USAToday.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.wood.army.mil\/library\/battle_analysis_bibliographies\/GulfWar.pdf\" >Gulf War (1991) Biographies \u2013 pdf \u2013 Army.mil<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Environmental and Health Issues of the Gulf War:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.oneonta.edu\/faculty\/baumanpr\/geosat2\/Environmental_Warfare\/ENVIRONMENTAL_WARFARE.htm\" >\u201c<em>The Persian Gulf War of 1991 brought serious environmental damage to major portions of the Middle East. January 21, 1991, a few days after the Coalition Force launched an air campaign against Iraq, the Iraqi military forces in Kuwait opened valves at the Sea Island oil terminal near Kuwait City and released large quantities of crude oil into the Gulf<\/em>\u2026.\u201d \u2013 ENVIRONMENTAL WARFARE: 1991 PERSIAN GULF WAR \u2013 ONEONTA.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.c-3.org.uk\/Multimedia\/Reports\/Gulf%20war_Poonian.pdf\" >The Effects of the 1991 Gulf War on the marine and coastal environment of the Arabian Gulf: Impact, recovery and the future prospects \u2013 Chris Poonian \u2013 2003 \u2013 King\u2019s College, London \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/cmsdata.iucn.org\/downloads\/gulfwar.pdf\" >The 1991 Gulf War: Environmental Assessments of ICUN and Collaborators \u2013 pdf \u2013 ICUN.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/webarchive.iiasa.ac.at\/Publications\/Documents\/IR-04-019.pdf\" >The Environmental Impacts of the Gulf War 1991 \u2013 International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis \u2013 pdf \u2013 IIASA.ac.at<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/journals.cambridge.org\/action\/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&amp;aid=5995716\" >Protection of the Environment in Time of Armed Conflict \u2013 Environmental Destruction of the 1991 Gulf War, by Adam Roberts \u2013 International Review of the Red Cross (1961-1997) \u2013 Cambridge.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www1.american.edu\/ted\/kuwait.htm\" >The Economic and Environmental Impact of the Persian Gulf War on Kuwait and the Persian Gulf \u2013 CASE NUMBER 162 \u2013 CASE MNENONIC: KUWAIT \u2013 American.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.parstimes.com\/environment\/persian_gulf_cr02.html\" >The Environmental Consequences Of the Gulf War \u2013 Excerpts from the Congressional Record, April 16, 1991. by: Congresswoman Nancy Pelosi \u2013 ParsTimes.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/iom.nationalacademies.org\/%7E\/media\/Files\/Activity%20Files\/Disease\/GulfWarInfDiseases\/Hyams052605.pdf\" >1991 Gulf War Health Issues: Infectious Disease Risks, by Kenneth C Hyams \u2013 pdf \u2013 NationalAcademies.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.publichealth.va.gov\/exposures\/gulfwar\/\" >Gulf War Veterans\u2019 Illnesses \u2013 US Department of Veterans Affairs<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1986\u00a0 <\/strong>First meeting of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Internet_Engineering_Task_Force\" >Internet Engineering Task Force<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1979\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mohammad_Reza_Pahlavi\" >last Iranian Shah<\/a> flees <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Iran\" >Iran<\/a> with his family for good and relocates to <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Egypt\" >Egypt<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Last Iranian Shah and the Islamic Revolution of 1979:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/shah-flees-iran\" >JAN 16, 1979: THIS DAY IN HISTORY \u2013 Shah flees Iran \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/onthisday\/hi\/dates\/stories\/january\/16\/newsid_2530000\/2530475.stm\" >16 January 1979: ON THIS DAY: Shah of Iran flees exile \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/indepth\/features\/2014\/01\/iran-1979-revolution-shook-world-2014121134227652609.html\" >Iran 1979: A revolution that shook the world \u2013 Aljazeera.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/novaonline.nvcc.edu\/eli\/evans\/HIS135\/Events\/Iran79.htm\" >1979 IRANIAN REVOLUTION \u2013 NVCC.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mohammad_Reza_Pahlavi#Revolution\" >Revolution \u2013 Mohammad Reza Pahlavi \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/asianhistory.about.com\/od\/iran\/a\/Iranian-Revolution-1979.htm\" >The Iranian Revolution of 1979 \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/teacher.scholastic.com\/scholasticnews\/indepth\/upfront\/features\/index.asp?article=f091806_TP_Iran\" >1979: Iran\u2019s Islamic Revolution, by Roger Cohen \u2013 Scholatic.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1970\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Buckminster_Fuller\" >Buckminster Fuller<\/a> receives the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/AIA_Gold_Medal\" >Gold Medal<\/a> award from the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/American_Institute_of_Architects\" >American Institute of Architects<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1969\u00a0 <\/strong>Soviet spacecraft <em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soyuz_4\" >Soyuz 4<\/a><\/em> and <em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soyuz_5\" >Soyuz 5<\/a><\/em> perform the first-ever docking of manned spacecraft in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Low_Earth_orbit\" >orbit<\/a>, the first-ever transfer of crew from one space vehicle to another, and the only time such a transfer was accomplished with a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Extravehicular_activity\" >space walk<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1969\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Czechs\" >Czech<\/a> student <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jan_Palach\" >Jan Palach<\/a> commits suicide by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Self-immolation\" >self-immolation<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Prague\" >Prague, Czechoslovakia<\/a>, in protest against the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soviet_Union\" >Soviets<\/a>\u2018 crushing of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Prague_Spring\" >Prague Spring<\/a> the year before.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Prague Spring:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/prague-spring-begins-in-czechoslovakia\" >Prague Spring begins in Czechoslovakia \u2013 January 5, 1968 \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/soviets-invade-czechoslovakia\" >Soviet invades Czechoslovakia \u2013 August 20, 1968 \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pastdaily.com\/2013\/08\/20\/the-ominous-rumble-of-tanks-the-end-of-prague-spring-august-20-1968\/\" >The Ominous Rumble of Tanks \u2013 The End of Prague Spring \u2013 August 20, 1968 \u2013 PastDaily.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/onthisday\/hi\/dates\/stories\/august\/21\/newsid_2781000\/2781867.stm\" >1968: Russia brings winter to Prague Spring \u2013 21 August 1968 \u2013 BBC<\/a> [<em>Soviet invaded Czechoslovakia on 20 August 1968, and it is generally considered that Prague Spring ended on 21 August 1968<\/em>.]<\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Warsaw_Pact_invasion_of_Czechoslovakia\" >Warsaw Pact of invasion of Czechoslovakia \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1961-1968\/soviet-invasion-czechoslavkia\" >Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia \u2013 Milestone \u2013 Office of the Historian \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/novaonline.nvcc.edu\/eli\/evans\/his135\/Events\/Czech68.htm\" >1968 CZECH INVASION \u2013 NVCC.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1965\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> at Eastern Kazakh\/<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Semipalatinsk_Test_Site\" >Semipalitinsk<\/a> USSR.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovwpnprog.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/tests\/USSR-ntestsS.html\" >Database of nuclear tests, USSR\/Russia: overview \u2013 JohnstonArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/soviet_nuclear_testing_semipalatinsk_20th_anniversary\/24311518.html\" >Slow Death of Kazakhstan\u2019s Land Of Nuclear Tests \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty \u2013 RFRL.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/large.stanford.edu\/courses\/2014\/ph241\/powell2\/docs\/vakulchuk.pdf\" >Semipalitinsk nuclear testing: the humanitarian consequences \u2013 Norwegian Institute of International Affairs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thebulletin.org\/lasting-toll-semipalatinsks-nuclear-testing\" >The lasting toll of Semipalitinsk\u2019s nuclear testing \u2013 TheBulletin.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/12566948_External_doses_of_residents_near_Semipalatinsk_nuclear_test_site\" >External Doses of Residents near Semipalitinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 ResearchGate.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.irpa.net\/irpa10\/cdrom\/00504.pdf\" >Radiation Exposure on Residents due to Semipalitinsk Nuclear Tests \u2013 IRPA.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1945\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Adolf_Hitler\" >Adolf Hitler<\/a> moves into his underground bunker, the so-called <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/F%C3%BChrerbunker\" >F\u00fchrerbunker<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1941\u00a0 <\/strong>US Vice <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Patrick_N._L._Bellinger\" >Admiral Bellinger<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brainyhistory.com\/events\/1941\/january_16_1941_99326.html\" >warns of an assault on Pearl Harbor<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Japan\u2019s Attack on Pearl Harbor:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>[Note that the time difference between Pearl Harbor (Hawaii) and Tokyo (Japan) is 19 hours. Therefore, for instance, when Pearl Harbor was under attack at 8 a.m. of <\/em><strong><em>December 7<\/em><\/strong><em>, 1941, it was 3 a.m. of <\/em><strong><em>December 8,<\/em><\/strong><em> 1941 in Tokyo.]<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/the-order-is-given-bomb-pearl-harbor\" >NOV 3, 1941: THIS DAY IN HISTORY: The order is given: Bomb Pearl Harbor \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/stream\/pearlharborattac39unit#page\/n5\/mode\/2up\" >Pearl Harbor attack: Hearing before the Joint Committee on the investigation of the Pearl Harbor attack \u2013 Archive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/world-war-ii\/pearl-harbor\" >PEARL HARBOR \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/history1900s.about.com\/od\/worldwarii\/a\/Attack-Pearl-Harbor.htm\" >Pearl Harbor \u2013 December 7, 1941 \u2013 A Date That Will Live in Infamy, by Jennifer Rosenberg \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/history.howstuffworks.com\/world-war-ii\/japan-bombs-pearl-harbor9.htm\" >Japan Bombs Pearl Harbor: July 1941- December 1941 \u2013 HowStuffWorks.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ibiblio.org\/hyperwar\/AAF\/7Dec41\/index.html\" >7 DECEMBER 1941 \u2013 The Air Force Story \u2013 iBiblio.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Dolus Eventualis<\/u><\/strong><strong><em> (Conscious Negligence) by Churchill and FDR? :<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/1994\/08\/03\/world\/new-light-shed-on-churchill-and-pearl-harbor.html\" >\u201c<em>LONDON, Aug. 2\u2014 A newly declassified document suggests that Britain did not have advance warning of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, casting doubt on the theory that Churchill deliberately withheld such information from Roosevelt to make sure the United States entered the war, a historian here says<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 <strong>New Light Shed on Churchill and Pearl Harbor<\/strong>, by Richard W Stevenson \u2013 August 3, 2004 \u2013 The New York Times \u2013 NYTimes.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rationalrevolution.net\/war\/fdr_provoked_the_japanese_attack.htm\" >FDR provoked the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor \u2013 RationalRevolution.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.independent.org\/newsroom\/article.asp?id=1930\" >How US Economic Warfare Provoked Japan\u2019s Attack on Pearl Harbor, by Robert Higgs \u2013 Mon. May 1, 2006 \u2013 INDPENDENT INSTITUTE \u2013 Independent.org<\/a>; <strong><em>and<\/em><\/strong> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=9p8z1A3TsxU\" >Robert Higgs\u2019 lecture on the same subject: YouTube video 17 min. 28 sec.<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pearl_Harbor_advance-knowledge_conspiracy_theory\" >Pearl Harbor advanced-knowledge conspiracy theory \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.archives.gov\/publications\/prologue\/1996\/fall\/butow.html\" >How Roosevelt Attacked Japan at Pearl Harbor Myth Masquerading as History, by R J C Butow \u2013 Fall 1996, Vol. 28, No. 3 \u2013 Prologue Magazine \u2013 National Archives<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.thenewamerican.com\/culture\/history\/item\/4740-pearl-harbor-hawaii-was-surprised-fdr-was-not\" >Pearl Harbor: Hawaii Was Surprised; FDR Was Not, by James Perloff \u2013 Sunday, 7 December 2014 \u2013 The New American \u2013 TheNewAmerican.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/ussslcca25.com\/fdr1941.htm\" >FDR &amp; PEARL HARBOR: Did he know? \u2013 The question has gone unanswered for years.<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.straightdope.com\/columns\/read\/1889\/did-roosevelt-know-in-advance-about-the-attack-on-pearl-harbor-yet-say-nothing\" >Did Roosevelt know in advance about the attack on Pearl Harbor yet say nothing? \u2013 February 28, 2001 \u2013 The Straight Dope \u2013 StraightDope.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/northamerica\/usa\/8932197\/Pearl-Harbour-memo-shows-US-warned-of-Japanese-attack.html\" >\u201c\u2026<em>evidence has emerged showing that President Franklin D.Roosevelt was warned three days before the attack that the Japanese empire was eyeing up Hawaii with a view to \u201copen conflict.\u201d The information, contained in a declassified memorandum from the Office of Naval Intelligence, adds to proof that Washington dismissed red flags signalling that mass bloodshed was looming and war was imminent<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 <strong>Pearl Harbour memo shows US warned of Japanese attack<\/strong>, by Jacqui Goddard \u2013 04 Dec 2011 \u2013 The Telegraph \u2013 Telegraph.co.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/whatreallyhappened.com\/WRHARTICLES\/pearl\/www.geocities.com\/Pentagon\/6315\/fdrknew.html\" >PEARL HARBOR: FDR KNEW \u2013 WhatReallyHappened.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.antiwar.com\/rep\/flynn1.html\" >\u201c<em>The Japanese navy is putting to sea; Japanese troops are pouring southward. The intercepted codes, of which the public knows nothing, have told the full story\u2026Our Army Intelligence Service broke the Japanese code and learned what they were saying among themselves. On that fateful battle eve it got possession of a document of extraordinary importance<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 <strong>The Final Secret of Pearl Harbor<\/strong>, by John T. Flynn \u2013 October 1945 \u2013 Antiwar.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nypress.com\/fdr-knew-pearl-harbor-was-coming\/\" >FDR Knew Pearl Harbor Was Coming, by Alexander Cockburn \u2013 Straus Media \u2013 NYPress.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.independent.org\/newsroom\/article.asp?id=408\" >Do Freedom of Information Act Files Prove FDR Had Foreknowledge of Pearl Harbor?, by Robert B. Stinnett and Douglas Cirignano \u2013 Monday, March 11, 2002 \u2013 INDEPENDENT INSTITUTE \u2013 Independent.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ospreypearlharbor.com\/debate\/roosevelt%20.php\" >How much did Roosevelt know? \u2013 The US perspective? \u2013 ESSENTIAL PEARL HARBOR \u2013 OspreyPearlHarbor.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.wnd.com\/2005\/05\/30396\/\" >\u201c<em>For those of us who have invested our time to research world events and what FDR did domestically, that man is hardly someone to admire or hold in high regard. Not only did FDR stomp on the U.S. Constitution, he wanted the Japanese to attack America while concealing his plans from the American people. One shouldn\u2019t believe everything they read in a book, but in the case of \u2018Day of Deceit: The Truth about FDR and Pearl Harbor\u2019 by Robert B. Stinnett, there can be no denying the awful truth that FDR not only knew the Japanese were going to attack, but official documents prove FDR wanted them to strike America first\u2026.Allowing Japan to \u201ccommit the first overt act\u201d \u2013 military aggression against America on our own soil \u2013 can hardly be called anything but murder. The American people deserved to be told the truth by FDR and what he was planning<\/em>.\u201d, by Devvy Kidd \u2013 05\/20\/2005 \u2013 <strong>FDR AND PEARL HARBOR ATTACK<\/strong> \u2013 WND.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=u7-QDfq4opU\" >YouTube video (6 min. 20 sec.): 1945 Life Magazine: Franklin Roosevelt (FDR) Knew Japan Would Attack Pearl Harbor<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.army.mil\/books\/AMH\/AMH-23.htm\" >CHAPTER 23 \u2013 World War II: The War Against Japan \u2013 Army.mil<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pacificwar.org.au\/historicalbackground\/JapWarPreps2.html\" >\u201c<em>Tensions between Japan and the United States increased dramatically when Japan seized French Indochina (now Vietnam) in July 1941. President Roosevelt responded to that aggression by imposing an embargo on the sale of American oil to Japan, and freezing Japan\u2019s assets in the United States. The British government and the Dutch government-in-exile followed the lead of the United States in imposing economic sanctions on Japan. By August 1941, Japan faced an almost total embargo on the military-related imports it needed to continue its brutal and undeclared war on China, including oil and rubber<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Increasing tensions between the United States and Japan during 1941 \u2013 <strong>JAPAN\u2019S MILITARIST GOVERNMENT DECIDES TO ATTACK THE UNITED STATES<\/strong> \u2013 PacificWar.org.au<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/wgbh\/americanexperience\/features\/general-article\/fdr-foreign\/\" >\u201c<em>The United States officially entered World War II in December 1941, after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. In reality, however, the United States had been fighting a war against the Axis powers for years. It was a war of words and a war of action, a war of secret meetings and public duplicity. And the prosecutor of this war was Franklin Delano Roosevelt, the 32nd president of the United States<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 <strong>General Article: Foreign Affairs \u2013 AMERICAN EXPERIENCE<\/strong> \u2013 PBS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sparknotes.com\/history\/european\/ww2\/section6.rhtml\" >WORLD WAR II (1939-1945) \u2013 Japan and Pearl Harbor \u2013 Events \u2013 Chronology \u2013 SparkNotes.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/pjmedia.com\/victordavishanson\/20th-century-war-paradoxes\/\" >War\u2019s Paradoxes: From Pearl Harbor to the Russian Front to the 38<sup>th<\/sup> Parallel, by Victor David Hanson \u2013 December 12, 2012 \u2013 PJ Media \u2013 PJMedia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.indiana.edu\/%7Eleague\/1941.htm\" >Chronology 1941 \u2013 Indiana.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Declarations of War:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/docs.fdrlibrary.marist.edu\/tmirhdee.html\" >December 8, 1941 \u2013 Franklin Roosevelt asks Congress for a Declaration of War with Japan \u2013 Marist.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Japanese_declaration_of_war_on_the_United_States_and_the_British_Empire\" >Japanese declaration of war against the United States and the Great Britain \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ibiblio.org\/pha\/myths\/matsum_1.html\" >ON THE DECLARATION OF WAR AGAINST THE UNITED STATES AND GREAT BRITAIN \u2013 MEETING OF PRIVY COUNCIL DEC. 8, 1941 \u2013 iBiblio.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/avalon.law.yale.edu\/wwii\/p3.asp\" >Japanese Note to the United States United States December 7, 1941 \u2013 Avalon Project \u2013 Yale Law School<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States_declaration_of_war_upon_Japan\" >United States declaration of war upon Japan \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Why Did Japan Attack Pearl Harbor? :<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.wisegeek.org\/why-did-japan-attack-pearl-harbor.htm#didyouknowout\" >Why did Japan attack Pearl Harbor? \u2013 WiseGeece.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theamericancause.org\/patwhydidjapan.htm\" >Why Did Japan Attack Us? , by Patrick J. Buchanan \u2013 12\/11\/01 \u2013 TheAmericanCause.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pearlharbor.org\/history-of-pearl-harbor.asp\" >Pearl Harbor History: Why Did Japan Attack? Eyewitness Accounts, Casualty List, Background \u2013 PearlHarbor.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyonthenet.com\/ask\/why-did-the-japanese-attack-pearl-harbor\" >Why Did the Japanese Attack Pearl Harbor? \u2013 12\/02\/2014 \u2013 HistoryOnTheNet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/afe.easia.columbia.edu\/special\/japan_1900_power.htm#pearl\" >\u201c<em>Why did Japan attack the United States? This is a more complicated question\u2026Japan was not militarily or economically powerful enough to ifight a long war against the United States, and the Japanese military knew this<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 <strong>Japans\u2019 Quest for Power and World War II in<\/strong> <strong>Asia<\/strong> \u2013 Columbia.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>The Path to the War between the United States and Japan in 1941:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Events_leading_to_the_attack_on_Pearl_Harbor\" >Events leading to the attack on Pearl Harbor \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.japanfocus.org\/-Richard_J_-Smethurst\/3825\/article.html\" >Japan, the United States, and the Road to World War II in the Pacific, by Richard J. Smethurst \u2013 The Asia-Pacific Journal<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mtholyoke.edu\/acad\/intrel\/WorldWar2\/pearl.htm\" >DISCUSSION WITH JAPAN 1941 and PEARL HARBOR \u2013 MTHOLYOKE.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/avalon.law.yale.edu\/wwii\/p1.asp\" >United States Note to Japan November 26, 1941 \u2013 \u201c<em>The text of the document handed by the Secretary of State to the Japanese Ambassador on November 26, 1941, which consists of two parts, one an oral statement and one an outline of a proposed basis for agreement between the United States and Japan, reads as follows:<\/em>\u201d \u2013 Avalon Project \u2013 Yale Law School<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.army.mil\/books\/wwii\/MacArthur%20Reports\/MacArthur%20V2%20P1\/ch1.htm\" >CHAPTER I \u2013 PRE-WAR JAPANESE MILITARY PREPARATIONS 1941 \u2013 Army.mil<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/strategicstudiesinstitute.army.mil\/pubs\/summary.cfm?q=905\" >Japan\u2019s Decision for War in 1941: Some Enduring Lessons, by Dr. Jeffery Record | February 2009 \u2013 Army.mil<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/militaryhistory.about.com\/od\/worldwarii\/a\/wwiipaccauses_2.htm\" >World War II Pacific: Moving Towards War \u2013 Japan Attacks the West, by Kennedy Hickman \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Pertinent YouTube Videos:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=Vpbt0Cxze60\" >(43 min. 23 sec.): Attack on Pearl Harbor (World War II) \u2013 Full Documentary in Color<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=lK8gYGg0dkE\" >(4 min. 47 sec.): America Declares War on Japan \u2013 President Roosevelt Speech<\/a>; <strong><em>or<\/em><\/strong> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=YhtuMrMVJDk\" >(7 min. 59 sec.): FDR DECLEARS WAR (12\/8\/41) \u2013 Franklin Delano Roosevelt, WWII, Infamy Speech, 24400<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=QC4KRwG31UU\" >(3 min. 45 sec.): Treacherous Japs Open War On US Aka Japan Declares War On Us (1941)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=IxoLatIJrPk\" >(4 min. 14 sec.): Winston Churchill Speech \u201cJapan Had Attacked The United States 8<sup>th<\/sup> December 1941 (Full Speech)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1939\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Irish_Republican_Army_%281922%E2%80%9369%29\" >Irish Republican Army<\/a> (IRA) begins a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/S-Plan\" >bombing and sabotage campaign in England<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Irish Republican Army (IRA):<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Irish_Republican_Army\" >Irish Republican Army \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.com\/news\/irish-republican-army\/\" >Irish Republican Army \u2013 News Archives \u2013 The Huffington Post<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/military\/world\/para\/ira.htm\" >Irish Republican Army (IRA) and the Provisional Irish Republican Army (PIRA) \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/terrorism.about.com\/od\/groupsleader1\/p\/IRA.htm\" >Guide to the Irish Republican Army \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Irish-Republican-Army\" >Irish Republican Army \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/irish-republican-army.html\" >Irish Republican Army \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.emich.edu\/cerns\/downloads\/papers\/PoliceStaff\/Unsorted\/Irish%20Republican%20Army.pdf\" >Terrorism \u2013 Irish Republican Army, by Michele Koznicki, Corey Willett, Michal Griffin, Eric Manley, and Ronald Matten \u2013 Eastern Michigan University<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1938\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Benny_Goodman\" >Benny Goodman<\/a>, and his band, performed in concert at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Famous_1938_Carnegie_Hall_Jazz_Concert\" >Carnegie Hall<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/New_York_City\" >New York City<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>1924\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eleftherios_Venizelos\" >Eleftherios Venizelos<\/a> becomes <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Prime_Minister_of_Greece\" >Prime Minister of Greece<\/a> for the fourth time.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1921\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marxist_Left_in_Slovakia_and_the_Transcarpathian_Ukraine\" >Marxist Left in Slovakia and the Transcarpathian Ukraine<\/a> holds its founding congress in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%C4%BDuboch%C5%88a\" >\u013duboch\u0148a<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1920\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/League_of_Nations\" >League of Nations<\/a> holds its first council meeting in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Paris\" >Paris, France<\/a>. [<em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/league-of-nations-instituted\" >On January 10, 1920, the League of Nations formally comes into effect<\/a><\/em>.]<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>League of Nations Chronology 1918-1920:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.loc.gov\/rr\/news\/topics\/league.html\" >Topics in Chronicling in America \u2013 League of Nations \u2013 LOC.gov<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.indiana.edu\/%7Eleague\/1920.htm\" >League of Nations Chronology of 1920<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>League of Nations:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/League-of-Nations\" >League of Nations \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/league-nations.html\" >League of Nations \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/spartacus-educational.com\/FWWleague.htm\" >League of Nations \u2013 Spartacus-Eductional.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.encyclopedia.com\/topic\/League_of_Nations.aspx\" >League of Nations \u2013 Encyclopedia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theamericanconservative.com\/articles\/why-the-league-of-nations-failed\/\" >Why the League of Nations Failed, by Patrick J. Buchanan \u2013 March 10, 2003 \u2013 TheAmericanConservative.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Covenant of the League of Nations:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Text of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/avalon.law.yale.edu\/20th_century\/leagcov.asp\" >Covenant of the League of Nations \u2013 Avalon Project \u2013 Yale Law School<\/a>, <strong><em>or<\/em><\/strong> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.refworld.org\/docid\/3dd8b9854.html\" >this web site of RefWorld.org \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Covenant_of_the_League_of_Nations\" >Covenant of the League of the Nations \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Covenant-of-the-League-of-Nations\" >Covenant of the League of Nations \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1920\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zeta_Phi_Beta\" >Zeta Phi Beta<\/a> Sorority Incorporated was founded on the campus of Howard University.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1919\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Temperance_movement_in_the_United_States\" >Temperance movement<\/a>: The United States ratifies the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eighteenth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution\" >Eighteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution<\/a>, authorizing <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Prohibition_in_the_United_States\" >Prohibition in the United States<\/a> one year after ratification.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>The Prohibition:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/prohibition-takes-effect\" >JAN 16, 1919: ON THIS DAY IN HISTORY: Prohibition takes effect.<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1909\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ernest_Shackleton\" >Ernest Shackleton<\/a>\u2018s expedition finds the magnetic <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/South_Pole\" >South Pole<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1900\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States_Senate\" >United States Senate<\/a> accepts the Anglo-German treaty of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1899\" >1899<\/a> in which the United Kingdom renounces its claims to the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/American_Samoa\" >Samoan islands<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1883\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pendleton_Civil_Service_Reform_Act\" >Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act<\/a>, establishing the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States_Civil_Service_Commission\" >United States Civil Service<\/a>, is passed.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1878\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Russo-Turkish_War_%281877%E2%80%9378%29\" >Russo-Turkish War (1877\u201378)<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Philippopolis_%281878%29\" >Battle of Philippopolis<\/a>: Captain <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aleksandr_Burago\" >Aleksandr Burago<\/a> with a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Squadron_%28army%29\" >squadron<\/a> of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Russian_Empire\" >Russian Imperial<\/a> army <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dragoon\" >dragoons<\/a> liberates <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Plovdiv\" >Plovdiv<\/a> from <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ottoman_Empire\" >Ottoman<\/a> rule.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1809\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Peninsular_War\" >Peninsular War<\/a>: The British defeat the French at the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Corunna\" >Battle of La Coru\u00f1a<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1761\u00a0 <\/strong>The British capture <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pondicherry_district\" >Pondich\u00e9ry<\/a>, India from the French.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1707\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Parliament_of_Scotland\" >Scottish Parliament<\/a> ratifies the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Acts_of_Union_1707\" >Act of Union<\/a>, paving the way for the creation of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kingdom_of_Great_Britain\" >Great Britain<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1605\u00a0 <\/strong>The first edition of <em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Don_Quixote\" >El ingenioso hidalgo Don Quijote de la Mancha<\/a><\/em> (Book One of <em>Don Quixote<\/em>) by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Miguel_de_Cervantes\" >Miguel de Cervantes<\/a> is published in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Madrid\" >Madrid, Spain<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1581\u00a0 <\/strong>The English <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Parliament_of_England\" >Parliament<\/a> outlaws Roman Catholicism.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>JANUARY 17<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>2010\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2010_Jos_riots\" >Rioting<\/a> begins between Muslim and Christian groups in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jos\" >Jos<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nigeria\" >Nigeria<\/a>, resulting in at least 200 deaths.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Rioting in Jos, Nigeria, of January 17, 2010:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.digplanet.com\/wiki\/2010_Jos_riots\" >2010 Jos riots \u2013 Digplanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.realcourage.org\/2010\/01\/nigeria-religious-hate-explodes\/\" >Nigeria: Religious Hate Explodes, Shaming Both Christian and Muslims \u2013 January 25, 2010 \u2013 RESPONSIBLE FOR EQUALITY AND LIBERTY (R.E.A.L.) \u2013 RealCourage.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jihadwatch.org\/2010\/01\/nigeria-rioting-resumes-in-city-of-jos-after-christians-protest-construction-of-a-mosque\" >Nigeria: Rioting resumes in city of Jos after Christians protest construction of a mosque \u2013 January 18, 2010 \u2013 JihadWatch.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/news\/2010\/01\/19\/nigeria-use-restraint-curbing-jos-violence\" >Nigeria: Use of Restraint in Curbing Jos Violence \u2013 January 19, 2010 \u2013 Human Rights Watch<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of Nigeria:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Nigeria\" >History of Nigeria \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/history-of-Nigeria\" >History of Nigeria \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/nigeria-history.html\" >Nigeria \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyworld.net\/wrldhis\/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=ad41\" >HISTORY OF NIGERIA \u2013 HistoryWorld.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.123independenceday.com\/nigeria\/history.html\" >History of Nigeria \u2013 123IndependenceDay.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/nigeria\/3.htm\" >History \u2013 Nigeria \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.glpinc.org\/Classroom%20Activities\/Nigeria%20Articles\/Nigeria-history%20since%201960.htm\" >History of Nigeria since 1960 \u2013 GLPINC.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nigeriaembassyusa.org\/index.php?page=nigeria-past-present-and-future\" >NIGERIA \u2013 PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE \u2013 NigeriaEmbassyUSA.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_Nigerian_history\" >Timeline of Nigerian history \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-13951696\" >Nigeria profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/nigeria\/history\" >Nigeria \u2013 History \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Nigeria:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/geos\/ni.html\" >Nigeria \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.un.org\/CountryProfile.aspx?crname=Nigeria\" >Nigeria \u2013 Data \u2013 UN Data<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/nigeria\/\" >Nigeria \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Nigeria\" >Nigeria \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/nigeria.html\" >Nigeria \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nigeriaworld.com\/\" >Nigeria \u2013 NigeriaWorld.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.economist.com\/topics\/nigeria\" >Nigeria \u2013 The Economist<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Economy of Nigeria:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_Nigeria\" >Economy of Nigeria \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/nigeria\/52.htm\" >Nigeria \u2013 Economy \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/nigeria-economy.html\" >Nigeria \u2013 Economy \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/nigeria\" >Nigeria \u2013 Heritage Foundation<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.123independenceday.com\/nigeria\/economy.html\" >Economy of Nigeria \u2013 123IndependenceDay.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2007\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doomsday_Clock\" >Doomsday Clock<\/a> is set to five minutes to midnight in response to <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/North_Korea\" >North Korea<\/a> nuclear testing.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2002\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mount_Nyiragongo\" >Mount Nyiragongo<\/a> erupts in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo\" >Democratic Republic of the Congo<\/a>, displacing an estimated 400,000 people.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1998\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lewinsky_scandal\" >Lewinsky scandal<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Matt_Drudge\" >Matt Drudge<\/a> breaks the story of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bill_Clinton\" >Bill Clinton<\/a>\u2013<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Monica_Lewinsky\" >Monica Lewinsky<\/a> affair on his website <em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Drudge_Report\" >The Drudge Report<\/a><\/em>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1997\u00a0 <\/strong>Cape Canaveral Air Force Station: A <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Delta_2\" >Delta 2<\/a> carrying a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Global_Positioning_System\" >GPS2R<\/a> satellite explodes 13 seconds after launch, dropping 250 tons of burning rocket remains around the launch pad.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1996\u00a0 <\/strong>The Czech Republic applies for membership of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/European_Union\" >European Union<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Czech Republic:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/geos\/ez.html\" >CZECH REPUBLIC \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.un.org\/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=Czech%20Republic\" >Czech Republic \u2013 Data \u2013 UN.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/AppData\/Local\/Temp\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Czech_Republic\" >Czech Republic \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Czech-Republic\" >Czech Republic \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/czech-republic.html\" >Czech Republic \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-europe-17220018\" >Czech Republic country file \u2013 Overview \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Foreign Relations of the Czech Republic:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_the_Czech_Republic\" >Foreign relations of the Czech Republic \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Czech_Republic%E2%80%93Slovakia_relations\" >Czech Republic and Slovakia relations \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cfr.org\/region\/czech-republic\/ri274\" >Czech Republic \u2013 Council on Foreign Relations \u2013 CFR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/r\/pa\/ei\/bgn\/3237.htm\" >Diplomatic Relations With the Czech Republic \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Czech Republic and the European Union:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/europa.eu\/about-eu\/countries\/member-countries\/czechrepublic\/index_en.htm\" >Czech Republic and the Europe Union \u2013 Europa.eu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.euimmigration.org\/eu_czech.html\" >EUROPEAN UNION IMMIGRATION: CZECH REPUBLIC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.eubusiness.com\/europe\/czech-republic\" >Czech Republic \u2013 country overview \u2013 EUBusiness.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/korisnik\/Documents\/ec.europa.eu\/...\/euro\/countries\/czech_republic_en.htm\" >Czech Republic and the Euro \u2013 European Commission<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Czech Republic and the United Nations:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mzv.cz\/un.newyork\" >Permanent Mission of the Czech Republic to the United Nations in New York<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mzv.cz\/mission.geneva\/en\/about_us\/index.html\" >Permanent Mission of the Czech Republic to the United Nations Office and other international organizations at Geneva<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of the Czech Republic:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_the_Czech_lands\" >History of the Czech lands \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/czech-republic-history.html\" >Czech Republic \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/czech-republic\/history\" >Czech Republic \u2013 History \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mzv.cz\/tripoli\/en\/general_information_about_the_czech\/history\/index.html\" >Brief History of the Czech Republic \u2013 MZV.cz<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.myczechrepublic.com\/czech-history\/\" >Czech History \u2013 MyCzechRepublic.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_the_Jews_in_the_Czech_Republic\" >History of the Jews in Czech Republic \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.everyculture.com\/Cr-Ga\/Czech-Republic.html\" >Czech Republic \u2013 Culture \u2013 EveryCulture.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.findfast.org\/history-and-events-timeline-czech-republic.htm\" >Czech Republic History Timeline &amp; Facts \u2013 FindFast.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countryeconomy.com\/hdi\/czech-republic\" >Czech Republic \u2013 Human Development Index (HDI) \u2013 CountryEconomy.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Economy of the Czech Republic:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_the_Czech_Republic\" >Economy of the Czech Republic \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/czech-republic-economy.html\" >Czech Republic \u2013 Economy \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/finances.worldbank.org\/en\/countries\/Czech%20Republic\" >Czech Republic \u2013 Country Summary \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/czech-republic?display=graph\" >Czech Republic \u2013 Data \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/data.oecd.org\/czech-republic.htm\" >Czech Republic \u2013 OECD Data<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/czechrepublic\" >Czech Republic \u2013 Index \u2013 THE HERITAGE FOUNDATION<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/epi.yale.edu\/epi\/country-profile\/czech-republic\" >Czech Republic \u2013 Environmental Performance Index \u2013 Yale.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1995\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Great_Hanshin_earthquake\" >Great Hanshin earthquake<\/a>: A magnitude 7.3 earthquake occurs near <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kobe\" >Kobe<\/a>, Japan, causing extensive property damage and killing 6,434 people.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1994\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1994_Northridge_earthquake\" >1994 Northridge earthquake<\/a>: A magnitude 6.7 earthquake hits <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Northridge,_California\" >Northridge, California<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1992\u00a0 <\/strong>During a visit to South Korea, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Prime_Minister_of_Japan\" >Japanese Prime Minister<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kiichi_Miyazawa\" >Kiichi Miyazawa<\/a> apologizes for forcing Korean women into <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Comfort_women\" >sexual slavery<\/a> during World War II.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Kiichi Miyazawa:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kiichi_Miyazawa\" >Kiichi Miyazawa \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/articles.latimes.com\/keyword\/kiichi-miyazawa\" >Articles about Kiichi Miyazawa \u2013 latimes.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Comfort Women a.k.a. Sexual Slavery Women:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Comfort_women\" >Comfort women \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/asianhistory.about.com\/od\/warsinasia\/f\/Comfort-Women-WWII.htm\" >Who Were the Comfort Women? \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/scholarship.law.berkeley.edu\/cgi\/viewcontent.cgi?article=1242&amp;context=bjil\" >Sexual Slavery and the Comfort Women of World War II, by Carmen M. Argibay \u2013 2003 \u2013 Volume 21| Issue 3 \u2013 Berkeley Journal of International Law \u2013 pdf \u2013 Berkeley.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.comfort-women.org\/\" >WASHINGTON COALLITION for COMFORT WOMEN ISSUES \u2013 Comfort-Women.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2015\/04\/29\/asia\/will-ripley-japan-comfort-women\/index.html\" >A lifetime later, a Korean \u2018comfort woman\u2019 still seeks redress, by Will Repley \u2013 April 29, 2015 \u2013 CNN<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/cpcabrisbane.org\/Kasama\/Archive\/FelicidadDeLosReyes.htm\" >Japanese Comfort Women: One Woman\u2019s Story: The account of Felicidad de Ros Reyes, by Anthony Brown<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.economist.com\/news\/asia\/21605935-excuse-inexcusable-japan-again-resorts-obfuscation-looking-loopholes\" >\u201c<em>FOR years, Shinzo Abe, Japan\u2019s prime minister, has been playing with diplomatic fire over a sordid part of wartime history: the herding of thousands of women across Asia into Japanese-army brothels. An investigation he ordered into a landmark apology to the \u201ccomfort women\u201d might have helped end the controversy. Instead, it has further muddied the waters. That may indeed have been Mr Abe\u2019s intention<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Looking for loopholes \u2013 Jun 20<sup>th<\/sup> 2014 \u2013 The Economist<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Japan\u2019s Apology:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/articles\/2015-12-28\/abe-offers-apology-compensation-to-south-korean-comfort-women-\" >Abe Offers Apology, Compensation to South Korean \u2018Comfort Women\u2019, by Sam Kim and Maiko Takahashi \u2013 December 28, 2015 \u2013 Bloomberg.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/news.yahoo.com\/japans-apology-korean-comfort-women-heal-one-asias-171245899.html;_ylt=AwrC2Q4g_49WuAYALWXQtDMD;_ylu=X3oDMTBydDI5cXVuBGNvbG8DYmYxBHBvcwM2BHZ0aWQDBHNlYwNzcg--\" >Japan\u2019s apology for Korean comfort women: Can it heal one of Asia\u2019s thorniest issues? , by Molly Jackson \u2013 December 28, 2015 \u2013 Christian Science Monitor \u2013 Yahoo.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_war_apology_statements_issued_by_Japan\" >List of war apology statements issued by Japan \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thediplomat.com\/2013\/11\/why-are-japans-apologies-forgotten\/\" >Why are Japan\u2019s apologies forgotten? , by Robert Dujarric \u2013 November 25, 2013 \u2013 TheDiplomat.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.npr.org\/sections\/thetwo-way\/2011\/10\/12\/141276162\/wikileaks-japan-rebuffed-idea-of-u-s-apology-for-hiroshima\" >WikiLeaks: Japan Rebuffed Idea Of US Apology For Hiroshima \u2013 October 12, 2011 \u2013 NPR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Political Apology:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/idealisticpragmatist.blogspot.com\/2005\/06\/when-apology-is-not-apology.html\" >When an apology is not an apology \u2013 Tuesday, June 28, 2005 \u2013 IDEALISTIC PRAGMATIST<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/prospect.org\/article\/crafting-better-political-apology\" >Crafting a Better Political Apology \u2013 July 22, 2007 \u2013 The American Prospect \u2013 Prospect.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theglobeandmail.com\/globe-debate\/editorials\/sorry-no-apology-from-turkey-to-armenians-at-least-not-yet\/article18134837\/\" >Sorry, No Apology from Turkey to Armenia, at least not yet \u2013 Apr. 23, 2014 \u2013 The Global and Mail \u2013 TheGlobalAndMail.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.politico.com\/magazine\/story\/2014\/05\/the-art-of-the-political-apology-106458\" >The Art of the Political Apology, by Edwin Battistella \u2013 May 7, 2014 \u2013 Politico.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Various Apologies by Various Politicians:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/articles.chicagotribune.com\/1997-07-15\/news\/9707150135_1_willy-brandt-apologizing-warsaw-ghetto-uprising\/2\" >\u201c<em>Coming when and where it did, Brandt\u2019s act of atonement punctured a wall of denial about a past that could not be undone\u2026Clinton\u2019s apologies for past racism are appropriate when specific, but when they become habitual or purely ceremonial, they only deepen the race lines they ought to erase<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 <strong>Clinton\u2019s Meaningless Gesture<\/strong>, by Jim Sleeper \u2013 July 15, 1997 \u2013 Chicago Tribune<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/australia-apologizes-to-aborigines\/\" >Australia Apologies to Aborigines \u2013 February 12, 2008 \u2013 CBSNews.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.australia.gov.au\/about-australia\/our-country\/our-people\/apology-to-australias-indigenous-peoples\" >Apology to Australia\u2019s Indigenous Peoples \u2013 Australia.gov.au<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/content.time.com\/time\/specials\/packages\/article\/0,28804,1997272_1997273_1997274,00.html\" >Top 10 National Apologies \u2013 Thursday, June 17, 2010 \u2013 TIME<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/2\/hi\/europe\/8594625.stm\" >Serbian MPs offer apology for Srebrenica massacre \u2013 31 March 2010 \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/politics\/2013\/feb\/20\/david-cameron-amritsar-massacre-india\" >David Cameron defends lack of apology for British massacre at Amritsar \u2013 February 20, 2013 \u2013 TheGuardian.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.liveleak.com\/view?i=271_1396270652\" >British Bleiburg Massacre Confession \u2013 Mar-31-2014 \u2013 LiveLeak.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jpost.com\/Magazine\/Opinion\/Time-to-confront-Croatias-hidden-Holocaust-314896\" >\u201c<em>Indeed, even though Croatian leaders have traveled to Jerusalem to offer words of apology at the Knesset, the legacy of the Ustashe remains very much alive and even admired among some Croats\u2026The Croatian authorities need to drastically revise the memorial at Jasenovac and stop hiding behind blurry language. Bans should be imposed on holding memorial services for Ustashe officials, and Holocaust education should be made a priority in Croatia\u2019s schools<\/em>.\u2026\u201d \u2013 <strong>Time to confront Croatia\u2019s hidden Holocaust<\/strong>, by Michael Freund \u2013 05\/30\/2013 \u2013 The Jerusalem Post \u2013 JPost.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nationalinterest.org\/commentary\/prime-minister-abe-youre-no-willy-brandt-9874\" >\u201c<em>Japan\u2019s leader can\u2019t successfully imitate the German chancellor\u2019s famous gesture of atonement<\/em><em>.<\/em>\u201d \u2013 <strong>Prime Minister Abe, You Are No Willy Brandt<\/strong>, by Alexander Lanoszka \u2013 February 13, 2014 \u2013 The National Interest \u2013 NationalInterest.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1991\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Harald_V_of_Norway\" >Harald V<\/a> becomes <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Monarchy_of_Norway\" >King of Norway<\/a> on the death of his father, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Olav_V_of_Norway\" >Olav V<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1991\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gulf_War\" >Gulf War<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Operation_Desert_Storm\" >Operation Desert Storm<\/a> begins early in the morning. <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Iraq\" >Iraq<\/a> fires eight <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Scud\" >Scud<\/a> missiles into <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Israel\" >Israel<\/a> in an unsuccessful bid to provoke Israeli retaliation.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Gulf War a.k.a. the First Persian Gulf War:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/the-persian-gulf-war-begins\/print\" >JANUARY 16 [17 in Iraq], 1991: THE PERSIAN GULF WAR BEGINS \u2013 History.com<\/a>, <em><strong>or<\/strong><\/em> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/the-persian-gulf-war-begins\" >the same website on this page<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/persian-gulf-war\" >PERSIAN GULF WAR \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Persian-Gulf-War\" >Persian Gulf War \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalissues.org\/article\/707\/iraq-post-1991-persian-gulf-warsanctions\" >\u201c<em>When asked on US television if she [Madeline Albright, US Secretary of State] thought that the death of half a million Iraqi children [from sanctions in Iraq, during the 1990s after the first Gulf War] was a price worth paying, Albright replied: \u2018This is a very hard choice, but we think the price is worth it<\/em>.\u2019\u201d \u2013 Iraq-Post 1991 Persian Gulf War\/Sanctions, by Anup Shah \u2013 GlobalIssues.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyofwar.org\/articles\/wars_gulf1990.html\" >The Gulf War 1990\/1991 \u2013 HistoryOfWar.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/persian-gulf-wars.html\" >Persian Gulf Wars \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/history.state.gov\/departmenthistory\/short-history\/firstgulf\" >First Gulf War \u2013 OFFICE of the HISTORIAN \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/ipa\/A0001293.html\" >The Persian Gulf War (Jan. 16, 1991-April 6, 1991) \u2013 Timeline \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=IFrnQHaQWoA\" >George W H Bush Announces War Against Iraq (January 16 1991): YouTube video (9 min. 59 sec.)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/videos\/1991-start-of-gulf-war\/\" >1991: Start Of Gulf War \u2013 Video \u2013 CBSNews.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/2\/hi\/middle_east\/2754103.stm\" >Flashback: 1991 Gulf War \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cryan.com\/war\/\" >Gulf War \u2013 Cryan.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=HMV_0iTk1qs\" >20<sup>th<\/sup> Century Battlefields \u2013 Persian Gulf War (1991) full video: YouTube video (59 min. 01 sec.)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_Gulf_War\" >Timeline of the Gulf War \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/usatoday30.usatoday.com\/news\/index\/iraq\/nirq050.htm\" >1991 Gulf War chronology \u2013 USAToday.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.wood.army.mil\/library\/battle_analysis_bibliographies\/GulfWar.pdf\" >Gulf War (1991) Biographies \u2013 pdf \u2013 Army.mil<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Environmental and Health Issues of the Gulf War:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.oneonta.edu\/faculty\/baumanpr\/geosat2\/Environmental_Warfare\/ENVIRONMENTAL_WARFARE.htm\" >\u201c<em>The Persian Gulf War of 1991 brought serious environmental damage to major portions of the Middle East. January 21, 1991, a few days after the Coalition Force launched an air campaign against Iraq, the Iraqi military forces in Kuwait opened valves at the Sea Island oil terminal near Kuwait City and released large quantities of crude oil into the Gulf<\/em>\u2026.\u201d \u2013 ENVIRONMENTAL WARFARE: 1991 PERSIAN GULF WAR \u2013 ONEONTA.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.c-3.org.uk\/Multimedia\/Reports\/Gulf%20war_Poonian.pdf\" >The Effects of the 1991 Gulf War on the marine and coastal environment of the Arabian Gulf: Impact, recovery and the future prospects \u2013 Chris Poonian \u2013 2003 \u2013 King\u2019s College, London \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/cmsdata.iucn.org\/downloads\/gulfwar.pdf\" >The 1991 Gulf War: Environmental Assessments of ICUN and Collaborators \u2013 pdf \u2013 ICUN.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/webarchive.iiasa.ac.at\/Publications\/Documents\/IR-04-019.pdf\" >The Environmental Impacts of the Gulf War 1991 \u2013 International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis \u2013 pdf \u2013 IIASA.ac.at<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/journals.cambridge.org\/action\/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&amp;aid=5995716\" >Protection of the Environment in Time of Armed Conflict \u2013 Environmental Destruction of the 1991 Gulf War, by Adam Roberts \u2013 International Review of the Red Cross (1961-1997) \u2013 Cambridge.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www1.american.edu\/ted\/kuwait.htm\" >The Economic and Environmental Impact of the Persian Gulf War on Kuwait and the Persian Gulf \u2013 CASE NUMBER 162 \u2013 CASE MNENONIC: KUWAIT \u2013 American.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.parstimes.com\/environment\/persian_gulf_cr02.html\" >The Environmental Consequences Of the Gulf War \u2013 Excerpts from the Congressional Record, April 16, 1991. by: Congresswoman Nancy Pelosi \u2013 ParsTimes.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/iom.nationalacademies.org\/%7E\/media\/Files\/Activity%20Files\/Disease\/GulfWarInfDiseases\/Hyams052605.pdf\" >1991 Gulf War Health Issues: Infectious Disease Risks, by Kenneth C Hyams \u2013 pdf \u2013 NationalAcademies.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.publichealth.va.gov\/exposures\/gulfwar\/\" >Gulf War Veterans\u2019 Illnesses \u2013 US Department of Veterans Affairs<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1982\u00a0 <\/strong>\u201c<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cold_Sunday\" >Cold Sunday<\/a>\u201c: in numerous cities in the United States temperatures fall to their lowest levels in over 100 years.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1981\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/President_of_the_Philippines\" >President of the Philippines<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ferdinand_Marcos\" >Ferdinand Marcos<\/a> lifts <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Martial_law_in_the_Philippines\" >martial law<\/a> eight years and five months after declaring it.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1979\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Underground_nuclear_weapons_testing\" >underground nuclear test<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atyrau\" >Atyrau<\/a> (Kazakhstan), Russia.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1979_Soviet_nuclear_tests\" >1979 Soviet nuclear tests \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/srl.geoscienceworld.org\/content\/66\/3\/20.extract\" >Peaceful Nuclear Explosions in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia), Russia, by Kazuya Fujita \u2013 GeoScienceWorld.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Underground Nuclear Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tightflash.org\/all_911\/third_truth\/nuclear_demolition_basic\/USGSOFR01312.pdf\" >The Containment of Soviet Underground Nuclear Explosions, by Vitaly V. Adshkin, and William Leith \u2013 OPEN FILE REPROT 01-312, September 2001 \u2013 US DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/srl.geoscienceworld.org\/content\/86\/2A\/451.full.pdf\" >Political Seismology or Seismological Politics: Natural Resources Defense Council \u2013 USSR Experiments in Underground Nuclear Test Verification, by Anna Amramina<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2013\/02\/11\/world\/asia\/north-korea-underground-explosion-explainer\/index.html\" >What happens with an underground nuclear test? , by Kevin Voigt \u2013 February 19, 2013 \u2013 CNN<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nnsa.energy.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/nv_sweis\/environmentalimpact\/v2\/Appendix%20H.pdf\" >APPENDIX H \u2013 UNDERGROUND NUCLEAR TESTING<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/gajitz.com\/buried-history-underground-nuclear-weapons-tests\/\" >Buried History: Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 GAJITZ.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theblogbelow.com\/2008\/07\/underground-nuclear-test.html\" >Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 TheBlogBelow.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ldeo.columbia.edu\/res\/pi\/Monitoring\/Arch\/BRV_arch_exp.html\" >Borovoye Archive Data from Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 Columbia.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/of\/1993\/0501\/report.pdf\" >Physical Environment of the Underground Nuclear Test Site on Novaya Zemlya, Russia, by John R. Matzko \u2013 Open-File Report 93-501- Reston, Virginia \u2013 1993 \u2013 THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOGRAPHICAL SURVEY<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>USSR\u2019s Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovwpnprog.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/tests\/USSR-ntestsS.html\" >Database of nuclear tests, USSR\/Russia: overview \u2013 JohnstonArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Effect and\/or Impact of Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/page-3-effects-of-nuclear-weapon-testing-by-the-soviet-union\/\" >Page 3: Effects of Nuclear Weapon Testing by the Soviet Union \u2013 Economic, social, and environmental impacts \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/general-overview-of-theeffects-of-nuclear-testing\/\" >GENERAL OVERVIEW OF THE EFFECTS OF NUCLEAR TESTING \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/slashdot.org\/story\/13\/08\/20\/1738213\/the-secret-effort-to-clean-up-a-former-soviet-nuclear-test-site\" >The Secret Effort To Clean Up a Former Soviet Nuclear Test Site \u2013 Slashdot.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/citeseerx.ist.psu.edu\/viewdoc\/summary?doi=10.1.1.543.8580\" >A Review of Nuclear Testing by the Soviet Union at Novaya, by Vitaly I. Khalturin , Tatyana G. Rautian , Paul G. Richards , and William S. Leith \u2013 CiteSeerX- PSU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1969\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Black_Panther_Party\" >Black Panther Party<\/a> members <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bunchy_Carter\" >Bunchy Carter<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/John_Huggins\" >John Huggins<\/a> are killed during a meeting in Campbell Hall on the campus of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/UCLA\" >UCLA<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1966\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1966_Palomares_B-52_crash\" >Palomares incident<\/a>: A <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/B-52_Stratofortress\" >B-52<\/a> bomber collides with a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/KC-135_Stratotanker\" >KC-135 Stratotanker<\/a> over Spain, killing seven airmen, and dropping three 70-kiloton <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/B28_nuclear_bomb\" >nuclear bombs<\/a> near the town of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Palomares,_Almer%C3%ADa\" >Palomares<\/a> and another one into the sea.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Palomares Incident:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/h-bomb-lost-in-spain\" >JAN 17, 1966: THIS DAY IN HISTORY: H-bomb lost in Spain \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.wisegeek.com\/what-is-the-palomares-hydrogen-bomb-incident.htm\" >What is the Palomares Hydrogen Bomb Incident? \u2013 Wisegeek.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/toxipedia.org\/display\/toxipedia\/Palomares+incident\" >Palomares Incident \u2013 Toxipedia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.thisdayinaviation.com\/17-january-1966\/\" >\u201c<em>B-52G 58-0256 collided with the refueling boom of \u201cTroubadour 14\u201d (KC-135A 61-0273). The boom penetrated the bomber\u2019s fuselage, broke structural members and the left wing broke off. The B-52 exploded\u2026 As the B-52 broke apart, the four nuclear bombs it carried in the bomb bay fell free<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 17 January 1966 \u2013 This Day in Aviation \u2013 ThisDayInAviation.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/cr4.globalspec.com\/blogentry\/963\/January-17-1966-The-Palomares-Incident\" >January 17, 1966: Palomares Incident \u2013 \u201cOn This Day\u201d in Engineering History<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1961\u00a0 <\/strong>Former <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Republic_of_the_Congo_%28L%C3%A9opoldville%29\" >Congolese<\/a> Prime Minister <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Patrice_Lumumba\" >Patrice Lumumba<\/a> is murdered in circumstances suggesting the support and complicity of the governments of Belgium and the United States.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Patrice Lumumba:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.biography.com\/people\/patrice-lumumba-38745\" >Patrice Lumumba \u2013 Biography.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.notablebiographies.com\/Lo-Ma\/Lumumba-Patrice.html\" >Patrice Lumumba Biography \u2013 Encyclopedia of World Biography<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Patrice-Lumumba\" >Patrice Lumumba \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sjsu.edu\/faculty\/watkins\/lumumba.htm\" >Patrice Lumumba \u2013 The Truth About His Life and Legacy \u2013 SJSU.edu<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Death of Patrice Lumumba:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-22006446\" >MI6 and the death of Patrice Lumumba -2 April 13 \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Patrice_Lumumba#Foreign_involvement_in_his_death\" >Foreign involvement in his death \u2013 Patrice Lumumba \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.wsj.com\/articles\/book-review-death-in-the-congo-by-emmanuel-gerard-and-bruce-kuklick-1428089156\" >Who Killed Patrice Lumumba? \u2013 April 3, 2015 \u2013 The Wall Street Journal \u2013 WSJ.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/failuremag.com\/feature\/article\/the-fall-of-patrice-lumumba\/\" >The Fall of Patrice Lumumba \u2013 FalureMag.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>History of the Democratic Republic of the Congo:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo\" >History of the Democratic Republic of the Congo \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyworld.net\/wrldhis\/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=ad34\" >THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO \u2013 HistoryWorld.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/democratic-republic-of-congo\/history\" >Democratic Republic of Congo \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/worldatwar.net\/chandelle\/v2\/v2n3\/congo.html\" >Heart of Darkness: the Tragedy of the Congo, 1960-67 \u2013 WorldAtWar.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-13286306\" >Democratic Republic of Congo profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Democratic Republic of the Congo:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ciaworldfactbook.us\/africa\/democratic-republic-of-the-congo.html\" >CONGO, Democratic Republic of the \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.un.org\/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=Democratic+Republic+of+the+Congo\" >Democratic Republic of the Congo \u2013 UN Data<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/democratic-republic-of-congo.html\" >Congo, Democratic Republic of the, \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalissues.org\/article\/87\/the-democratic-republic-of-congo\" >Democratic Republic of Congo by Anup Shah \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-13283212\" >Democratic Republic of Congo country profile \u2013 Overview \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Human Rights in the Democratic Republic of the Congo:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/Countries\/AfricaRegion\/Pages\/CDIndex.aspx\" >Democratic Republic of the Congo \u2013 Human Rights \u2013 Office of the High Commissioner \u2013 OHCHR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/africa\/democratic-republic-congo\" >Democratic Republic of Congo \u2013 Human Rights Watch<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Human_rights_in_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo\" >Human rights in the Democratic Republic of the Congo \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.amnestyusa.org\/our-work\/countries\/africa\/democratic-republic-of-congo\" >Democratic Republic of Congo \u2013 Human Rights \u2013 Amnesty International<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Economy of the Democratic Republic of the Congo:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/country\/drc\" >Democratic Republic of the Congo \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/congo-dem-rep\" >Congo, Dem. Rep. \u2013 Data \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo\" >Economy of the Democratic Republic of the Congo \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/congo-democratic-republic-the-economy.html\" >Congo, Democratic Republic of the, \u2013 Economy \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/democraticrepubliccongo\" >Democratic Republic of Congo \u2013 Index \u2013 THE HERITAGE FOUNDATION<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.our-africa.org\/democratic-republic-of-congo\/economy-industry\" >DP Congo \u2013 Economy and Industry \u2013 Our Africa \u2013 Our-Africa.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.factts.com\/poorest-country\/\" >\u201c<em>Democratic Republic of the Congo is the world\u2019s poorest country\u00a0according to the data gathered by the International Monetary Fund, World Bank, and CIA World Factbook. The wealth of a country is measured by GDP per capita<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Democratic Republic of the Congo is the world poorest country. \u2013 May 10, 2012 \u2013 Factbook \u2013 Factts.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1961\u00a0 <\/strong>US President <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dwight_D._Eisenhower\" >Dwight D Eisenhower<\/a> delivers a televised <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eisenhower%27s_farewell_address\" >farewell address to the nation<\/a> three days before leaving office, in which he warns against the accumulation of power by the \u201c<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Military%E2%80%93industrial_complex\" >military\u2013industrial complex<\/a>\u201d as well as the dangers of massive spending, especially deficit spending.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Eisenhower\u2019s Farewell Address on the Military-Industrial Complex:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/eisenhower-warns-of-the-military-industrial-complex\" >\u201c<em>In his farewell address to the nation, President Dwight D. Eisenhower warns the American people to keep a careful eye on what he calls the \u201cmilitary-industrial complex\u201d that has developed in the post-World War II years<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 JAN 17, 1961: THIS DAY IN HISTORY \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/mcadams.posc.mu.edu\/ike.htm\" >Eisenhower\u2019s Farewell Adress to the Nation \u2013 January 17, 1961 \u2013 MU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.eisenhower.archives.gov\/research\/online_documents\/farewell_address.html\" >Audio recording of Eisenhower\u2019s farewell address \u2013 Dwight D. Eisenhower \u2013 Presidential Library, Museum and Boyhood Home \u2013 Abilene, Kansas<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Military-Industrial Complex<\/em><\/strong> or <strong><em>Military -Congressional Complex:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Military%E2%80%93industrial_complex\" >Military-industrial complex \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.com\/news\/military-industrial-complex\/\" >Military Industrial Complex \u2013 Pertinent Articles Archives \u2013 The Huffington Post \u2013 HuffingtonPost.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.encyclopedia.com\/topic\/Military-Industrial_Complex.aspx\" >MILITARY-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX \u2013 Encyclopedia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/indepth\/opinion\/2014\/01\/big-money-behind-war-military-industrial-complex-20141473026736533.html\" >Big money behind war: the military-industrial complex \u2013 11 Jan 2014 \u2013 Aljazeera.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.thedailybeast.com\/articles\/2013\/06\/12\/the-military-industrial-complex-is-real-and-it-s-bigger-than-ever.html\" >The Military-Industrial Complex Is Real and It\u2019s Bigger Than Ever, by John Avlon \u2013 06.12.13 \u2013 TheDailyBeast.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/military-industrial-complex\" >Military-industrial complex \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Defense Industry:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Defense_industry\" >Defense industry \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Arms_industry\" >Arms industry \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.defenseindustrydaily.com\/\" >Defense Industry Daily \u2013 DefenseIndustryDaily.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.reportlinker.com\/report\/best\/keywords\/Defence?utm_source=bing&amp;utm_medium=cpc&amp;utm_campaign=Aerospace_&amp;_Defense&amp;utm_adgroup=Defence\" >Defense Industry Market Reports \u2013 ReportLinker.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1950\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Great_Brink%27s_Robbery\" >Great Brink\u2019s Robbery<\/a>: Eleven thieves steal more than $2 million from an armored car company\u2019s offices in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Boston\" >Boston<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1946\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/UN_Security_Council\" >UN Security Council<\/a> holds its first session.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>First UN Security Council Meeting on January 17, 1946:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/education.nationalgeographic.org\/thisday\/jan17\/first-meeting-security-council\/\" >January 17, 1946: First Meeting of the Security Council \u2013 NationalGeographic.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/repository.un.org\/handle\/11176\/88946\" >Security Council official records, 1<sup>st<\/sup> year : 1<sup>st<\/sup> meeting, held at Church House, Westminster, London, on Thursday, 17 January 1946 \u2013 United Nations Dag Hammarskj\u00f6ld Library \u2013 UN.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/sites.google.com\/site\/dmoesc\/history\" >\u201c<em>The Security Council held its first meeting on January 17, 1946 in West Minister, London. Like the UN the Security Council was created after World War II to address the failings of the League of Nations, in maintaining world peace<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 History \u2013 United Nations \u2013 Google.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.unmultimedia.org\/s\/photo\/detail\/741\/0074158.html\" >First Session of the United Nations Security Council \u2013 UNMultiMedia.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1945\u00a0 <\/strong>Swedish diplomat <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Raoul_Wallenberg\" >Raoul Wallenberg<\/a> is taken into <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soviet_Union\" >Soviet<\/a> custody while in Hungary; he is never publicly seen again.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1945\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nazi_Germany\" >Nazis<\/a> begin the evacuation of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Auschwitz_concentration_camp\" >Auschwitz concentration camp<\/a> as Soviet forces close in.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Auschwitz-Birkenau Concentration Camp:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/Holocaust\/autoc.html\" >Concentration Camps: Auschwitz-Birkenau \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/jan\/27\/auschwitz-short-history-liberation-concentration-camp-holocaust\" >Auschwitz: a short history of the largest mass murder site in human history \u2013 TheGuardian.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/auschwitz.dk\/Auschwitz.htm\" >GATE TO HELL: AUSCHWITZ \u2013 Auschwitz.dk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ushmm.org\/wlc\/en\/article.php?ModuleId=10005189\" >AUSCHWTIZ \u2013 Holocaust Encyclopedia \u2013 USHMM.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/world-war-ii\/auschwitz\" >AUSCHWITZ \u2013 HISTORY \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/auschwitz.org\/en\/\" >AUSCHWITZ-BIRKENAU MEMORIAL AND MUSEUM \u2013 Auschwitz.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/ww2db.com\/battle_spec.php?battle_id=136\" >Discovery of Concentration Camps and the Holocaust, by C. Peter Chen \u2013 World War II Database \u2013 WW2DB.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Nazi\u2019s Occupation of Poland 1939-1945:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Occupation_of_Poland_%281939%E2%80%9345%29\" >Occupation of Poland (1939-1945) \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Administrative_division_of_Polish_territories_during_World_War_II\" >Administrative division of Poland during World War II \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/ww2days.com\/nazis-soviets-divide-poland-3.html\" >NAZIS, SOVIET DIVIDE POLAND \u2013 WW2Days.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/history1900s.about.com\/od\/worldwarii\/a\/nonaggression.htm\" >The Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact, by Jennifer Rosenberg \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/info-poland.buffalo.edu\/web\/history\/WWII\/1939\/link.shtml\" >German Invasion of Poland \u2013 September 1939 \u2013 Buffalo.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/msuweb.montclair.edu\/%7Efurrg\/research\/mlg09\/did_ussr_invade_poland.html\" >Did the Soviet Union Invade Poland in September 1939? NO! \u2013 Montclair.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldwar2movietimeline.com\/topics\/soviet-invasion-of-poland\/\" >Soviet Invasion of Poland \u2013 World War II Movie Timeline<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.thestar.com\/news\/world\/2014\/09\/01\/how_the_1939_soviet_invasion_sealed_polands_fate_in_wwii_and_changed_the_world_forever.html\" >How the 1939 Soviet invasion sealed Poland\u2019s fate in WWII \u2013 and changed the world forever \u2013 World \u2013 TheStar.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.secondworldwarhistory.com\/invasion-of-poland.asp\" >Invasion of Poland \u2013 Timeline \u2013 SecondWorldWar.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Holocaust and the Invasion of Poland in 1939:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ushmm.org\/wlc\/en\/article.php?ModuleId=10005070\" >INVASION OF POLAND FALL 1939 \u2013 Holocaust Encyclopedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theholocaustexplained.org\/ks4\/the-nazi-impact-on-europe\/nazi-occupation-case-studies\/poland\/#.Vf7j-JeufX4\" >\u201c<em>The German Army attacked Poland on 1 September 1939. Poland was defeated by the 28 September 1939. The Polish government fled to France, then, in May 1940, to London, after the German invasion of France<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 German Invasion \u2013 The Holocaust Explained<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1945\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soviet_Union\" >Soviet<\/a> forces capture the almost completely destroyed Polish city of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Warsaw\" >Warsaw<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1944\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Allies_of_World_War_II\" >Allied<\/a> forces launch the first of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Monte_Cassino\" >four assaults<\/a> on <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Monte_Cassino\" >Monte Cassino<\/a> with the intention of breaking through the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Winter_Line\" >Winter Line<\/a> and seizing Rome, an effort that would ultimately take four months and cost 105,000 Allied casualties.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1943\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_II\" >World War II<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Greek_submarine_Papanikolis_%28Y-2%29\" >Greek submarine Papanikolis<\/a> captures the 200-ton sailing vessel <em>Agios Stefanos<\/em> and mans her with part of her crew.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1941\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Franco-Thai_War\" >Franco-Thai War<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vichy_France\" >French<\/a> forces <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Ko_Chang\" >inflict a decisive defeat<\/a> over the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Thai_Navy\" >Royal Thai Navy<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1919\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Inayatullah_Khan\" >Inayatullah Khan<\/a>, king of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Emirate_of_Afghanistan\" >Emirate of Afghanistan<\/a> abdicates the throne after only three days.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1918\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Finnish_Civil_War\" >Finnish Civil War<\/a>: The first serious battles take place between the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Red_Guards_%28Finland%29\" >Red Guards<\/a> and the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/White_Guard_%28Finland%29\" >White Guard<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1917\u00a0 <\/strong>The United States pays Denmark $25 million for the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States_Virgin_Islands\" >Virgin Islands<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Purchase of Virgin Islands of 1917:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/2001-2009.state.gov\/r\/pa\/ho\/time\/wwi\/107293.htm\" >Purchase of the United States Virgin Islands, 1917 \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_the_United_States_Virgin_Islands\" >History of the United States Virgin Islands \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/what-when-how.com\/the-american-economy\/virgin-islands-purchase-of-1917\/\" >Virgin Island, Purchase of (1917) \u2013 What-When-How.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/uscode\/text\/8\/1406\" >8 US Code \u00a7 1406 \u2013 Persons living in and born in the Virgin Islands \u2013 Legal Information Institute \u2013 Cornell.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldatlas.com\/webimage\/countrys\/namerica\/caribb\/vi.htm\" >US Virgin Islands \u2013 Atlas.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1915\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Russia\" >Russia<\/a> defeats <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ottoman_empire\" >Turkey<\/a> in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Sarikamish\" >Battle of Sarikamish<\/a> during the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Caucasus_Campaign\" >Caucasus Campaign<\/a> of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_I\" >World War I<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Battle of Sarikamish:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/military.wikia.com\/wiki\/Battle_of_Sarikamish\" >Battle of Sarikamish \u2013 Military.Wikia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/ww1live.wordpress.com\/2015\/01\/17\/sarikamish-8\/\" >17\/1\/1915 Sarikamish: Turkey counts the cost \u2013 WORLD WAR 1 LIVE \u2013 WordPress.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.wwitoday.com\/wwiScXmlPage.php?file=battleOfSarikamishPage1&amp;rfi=59&amp;eti=52&amp;ei=69&amp;ii=923&amp;ent=event\" >The Battle of Sarikamish \u2013 World War I Today \u2013 wwitoday.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/milwaukeearmenians.com\/2015\/01\/04\/battle-of-sarikamish\/\" >BATTLE OF SARIKAMISH \u2013 MILWAUKEE ARMENIAN COMMUNITY \u2013 MilwaukeeArmenians.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/mentalfloss.com\/article\/60960\/wwi-centennial-turkish-debacle-sarikamish\" >WWI Centennial: Turkish Debacle at Sarikamish, by Erik Sass \u2013 MentalFloss.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/bl.uk\/collection-items\/battle-of-sarikamish\" >The Battle of Sarikamish \u2013 Collection items \u2013 bl.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Russia and Turkey in World War I:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/turkey\/12.htm\" >World War I \u2013 Turkey \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Russian_Caucasus_Army_%28World_War_I%29\" >Russian Caucasus Army (World War I) \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_the_Russo-Turkish_wars\" >History of the Russo-Turkish wars \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/spartacus-educational.com\/RUSfww.htm\" >Russia and the First World War \u2013 Spartacus-Educational.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/today-in-wwi.tumblr.com\/post\/101630768508\/russia-declares-war-on-turkey\" >\u201c<em><strong>November 2 1914, Petrograd<\/strong><\/em><em> [St. Petersburg]\u2014Despite the Turkish raid on the Black Sea Fleet four days prior, Russia and Turkey were not technically at war, and there was still a small possibility for peace with Turkey.\u00a0 The fact that the Turkish raid was commanded by a German admiral with a German flagship (albeit ones formally sworn into the Turkish navy) gave the Turks some plausible deniability<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Russia Declares War on Turkey \u2013 November 2, 2014 \u2013 Today in World War I<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Russia%E2%80%93Turkey_relations#Historical_background\" >Historical background \u2013 Russia-Turkey relations \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Ottoman Empire and World War I:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/turkeyswar.com\/\" >Turkey in the First World War \u2013 TurkeysWar.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/firstworldwar.com\/features\/minorpowers_turkey.htm\" >Feature Articles \u2013 The Minor Powers During World War One \u2013 Turkey \u2013 FirstWorldWar.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.answers.com\/Q\/What_was_the_role_of_Turkey_in_World_War_1\" >What was the role of Turkey in World War I? \u2013 Answers.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.turkeyswar.com\/campaigns\/caucasus.html\" >Campaigns \u2013 Caucasus \u2013 Turkey in the First World War \u2013 TurkeysWar.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Defeat_and_dissolution_of_the_Ottoman_Empire\" >Defeat and dissolution of the Ottoman Empire \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Middle_Eastern_theatre_of_World_War_I\" >Middle Eastern theater of World War I \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyguy.com\/fall_of_the_ottoman_empire.htm#.ViprgyuufX4\" >The Fall of the Ottoman Empire \u2013 HistoryGuy.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nzhistory.net.nz\/war\/ottoman-empire\/collapse\" >The Ottoman Empire \u2013 page 9 \u2013 Collapse of the Ottoman Empire1918-1920 \u2013 NZHistory.net.nz<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/world-war-i\/world-war-i-history\" >WORLD WAR I HISTORY \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Ottoman Empire:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Ottoman-Empire\" >Ottoman Empire \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.turizm.net\/turkey\/history\/ottoman3.html\" >The Ottoman Empire 1600-1923 \u2013 Turizm.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/geography.about.com\/od\/historyofgeography\/a\/The-Ottoman-Empire.htm\" >The Ottoman Empire \u2013 About.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/ottoman-empire-history.html\" >Ottoman Empire \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theottomans.org\/english\/index.asp\" >THE OTTOMANS \u2013 TheOttomans.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/religion\/religions\/islam\/history\/ottomanempire_1.shtml\" >Ottoman Empire (1301 \u2013 1922) \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_the_Ottoman_Empire\" >History of the Ottoman Empire \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_Ottoman_Empire\" >Timeline of the Ottoman Empire \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/worldhistoryproject.org\/topics\/ottoman-empire\" >Ottoman Empire timeline \u2013 WorldHistoryProject.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1913\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Raymond_Poincar%C3%A9\" >Raymond Poincar\u00e9<\/a> is elected <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/President_of_France\" >President of France<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1912\u00a0 <\/strong>Captain <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Robert_Falcon_Scott\" >Robert Falcon Scott<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Terra_Nova_Expedition\" >reaches the South Pole<\/a>, one month after <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Roald_Amundsen\" >Roald Amundsen<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1904\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anton_Chekhov\" >Anton Chekhov<\/a>\u2018s <em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Cherry_Orchard\" >The Cherry Orchard<\/a><\/em> receives its premiere performance at the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moscow_Art_Theatre\" >Moscow Art Theatre<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1903\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/El_Yunque_National_Forest\" >El Yunque National Forest<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Puerto_Rico\" >Puerto Rico<\/a> becomes part of the United States <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/National_Forest_System\" >National Forest System<\/a> as the Luquillo Forest Reserve.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1899\u00a0 <\/strong>The United States takes possession of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wake_Island\" >Wake Island<\/a> in the Pacific Ocean.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1893\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lorrin_A._Thurston\" >Lorrin A. Thurston<\/a>, along with the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Committee_of_Safety_%28Hawaii%29\" >Citizens\u2019 Committee of Public Safety<\/a> led the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Overthrow_of_the_Kingdom_of_Hawaii\" >Overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii<\/a> and the government of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Liliuokalani\" >Queen Lili\u02bbuokalani<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1885\u00a0 <\/strong>A British force defeats a large <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dervish\" >Dervish<\/a> army at the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Abu_Klea\" >Battle of Abu Klea<\/a> in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sudan\" >Sudan<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1873\u00a0 <\/strong>A group of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Modoc_people\" >Modoc<\/a> warriors defeats the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States_Army\" >United States Army<\/a> in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/First_Battle_of_the_Stronghold\" >First Battle of the Stronghold<\/a>, part of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Modoc_War\" >Modoc War<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1852\u00a0 <\/strong>The United Kingdom recognizes the independence of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Boer\" >Boer<\/a> colonies of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/South_African_Republic\" >Transvaal<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1811\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mexican_War_of_Independence\" >Mexican War of Independence<\/a>: In the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Calder%C3%B3n_Bridge\" >Battle of Calder\u00f3n Bridge<\/a>, a heavily outnumbered <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Spain_%281814%E2%80%9373%29\" >Spanish<\/a> force of 6,000 troops defeats nearly 100,000 Mexican revolutionaries.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1799\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Malta\" >Maltese<\/a> patriot <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dun_Mikiel_Xerri\" >Dun Mikiel Xerri<\/a>, along with a number of other patriots, is executed.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>JANUARY 18<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>2013\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brainyhistory.com\/events\/2013\/january_18_2013_399220.html\" >NASA scientists achieve a first in laser communication when they successfully beam a picture of Leonardo da Vinci\u2019s \u2018Mona Lisa\u2019 to the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter, a spacecraft orbiting the Moon.<\/a><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Laser Communication in Space:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rt.com\/news\/nasa-mona-lisa-laser-305\/\" >NASA tests laser communications by sending Mona Lisa to space \u2013 18 Jan. 2013 \u2013 RT.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/mission_pages\/LRO\/news\/mona-lisa.html\" >NASA Beams Mona Lisa to Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter at the Moon \u2013 January 17, 2013 \u2013 NASA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Laser_communication_in_space\" >Laser communication in space \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/press\/2013\/october\/nasa-laser-communication-system-sets-record-with-data-transmissions-to-and-from\/\" >NASA Laser Communication System Sets Record with Data Transmissions to and from Moon \u2013 October 22, 2013 \u2013 NASA<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2012\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Protests_against_SOPA_and_PIPA\" >A series of coordinated actions<\/a> take place in protest against <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Stop_Online_Piracy_Act\" >Stop Online Piracy Act<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PROTECT_IP_Act\" >PROTECT IP Act<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2009\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gaza_War\" >Gaza War<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hamas\" >Hamas<\/a> announces they will accept <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Israel_Defense_Forces\" >Israel Defense Forces<\/a>\u2018s offer of a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ceasefire\" >ceasefire<\/a>, ending the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gaza_War_%282008%E2%80%9309%29\" >assault<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Gaza War of 2009:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gaza_War_%282008%E2%80%9309%29\" >Gaza War (2008-2009) \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ifamericansknew.org\/cur_sit\/dec08.html\" >DECEMBER 2008-JANUARY 2009 ATTACK ON GAZA \u2013 IF AMERICAN KNEW \u2013 IfAmericanKnew.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/csis.org\/files\/media\/csis\/pubs\/090202_gaza_war.pdf\" >THE \u201cGAZA WAR\u201d \u2013 A Strategic Analysis, by Anthony H. Cordesman \u2013 February 2, 2009 \u2013 pdf \u2013 CSIS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_Palestinian_rocket_attacks_on_Israel,_2009\" >List of Palestinian Rocket attacks on Israel, 2009 \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2009_Hamas_political_violence_in_Gaza\" >2009 Hamas political violence in Gaza \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.boston.com\/bigpicture\/2009\/01\/scenes_from_the_gaza_strip.html\" >\u201c<em>It has now been 12 days since Israel began its bombardment of the Gaza Strip. On January 3rd, the Israeli Defense Force ground troops began entering Gaza, soon cutting the territory in half. Israel\u2019s stated goals are to end rocket attacks originating from Gaza \u2013 which had increased sharply following the end of a cease-fire agreement in December. As Israeli troops began entering Gaza, foreign reporters and photographers were denied entry to the territory by Israel, halting any reports originating from Gaza except those coming from Palestinians<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Scenes from the Gaza Strip \u2013 January 7, 2009 \u2013 The Big Picture \u2013 Boston.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2009\/01\/11\/world\/middleeast\/11hamas.html?_r=0\" >A Gaza War Full of Traps and Trickery, by Steven Erlanger \u2013 JAN.10, 2009 \u2013 The New York Times \u2013 NYTimes.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.allworldwars.com\/Israel-Gaza-War-2008-2009.html\" >ISRAEL-GAZA WAR 2008-2009 \u2013 All World Wars \u2013 AllWorldWars.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/graphics.wsj.com\/gaza-surveying-destruction\/\" >Surveying the Destruction in Gaza \u2013 WSJ.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2009\/jan\/04\/israel-gaza-hamas-hidden-agenda\" >Why Israel went to war in Gaza \u2013 January 04, 2009 \u2013 TheGuardian.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2010\/WORLD\/meast\/01\/29\/israel.gaza.report\/index.html\" >Israel defends actions in 2009 Gaza conflict \u2013 January 30, 2010 \u2013 CNN<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/middleeast.about.com\/od\/arabisraeliconflict\/a\/me090423a.htm\" >Gaza War of 2009: Final Casualty Figures \u2013 As Reported by the Palestinian Center for Human Rights \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/Gaza2009\" >Gaza 2009 \u2013 Video 3 min. 08 sec. \u2013 Archive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.panoramas.dk\/2009\/gaza-war.html\" >\u201c<em>During the 23-day Israeli offensive into Gaza from December 27 2008 to January 17 2009 more than 1200 Palestinians were killed and more than 5000 injured. Most sources say that more then half of them was civilians, women and childs [sic]. 4,000 residential buildings has been bombed to rubble and 16,000 other houses has been damaged during the conflict. The Palestinian economy has lost at least $1.6 billion. The targets for the Israeli army has been schools, university buildings, hospitals, mosques, roads, bridges, power lines, water pipes and the sewage system<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Juhor ad-Dik \u2013 Johr al-Deek Gaza Strip \u2013 PANORAMAS.DK 360\u00b0 panorama \u2013 Panoramas.dk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyguy.com\/gaza_war.htm\" >The Gaza War (2008-2009) \u2013 HistoryGuy.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/answers.yahoo.com\/question\/index;_ylt=A0LEV1Sjz5dWpi4A1GxXNyoA;_ylu=X3oDMTByZnU4cmNpBGNvbG8DYmYxBHBvcwM5BHZ0aWQDBHNlYwNzcg--?qid=20090104093033AAWBwdK&amp;p=gaza%20war%202009\" >Who Started it? Israel \u2013 Gaza war of 2009? \u2013 Yahoo! Answers \u2013 Yahoo.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=VMwHwoNdidQ\" >Israel-Gaza War 2008-2009 \u2013 YouTube video (6 min. 22 sec.)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2007\u00a0 <\/strong>The strongest storm in the United Kingdom in 17 years kills 14 people and Germany sees the worst storm since <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1999\" >1999<\/a> with 13 deaths. <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kyrill_%28storm%29\" >Hurricane Kyrill<\/a> causes at least 44 deaths across 20 countries in Western Europe.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2005\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Airbus_A380\" >Airbus A380<\/a>, the world\u2019s largest commercial jet, is unveiled at a ceremony in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Toulouse\" >Toulouse<\/a>, France<\/p>\n<p><strong>2002\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sierra_Leone_Civil_War\" >Sierra Leone Civil War<\/a> is declared over.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Sierra Leone Civil War:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyrocket.com\/World-History\/history-of-africa\/sierra-leone-history\/Sierra-Leone-Civil-War-History.html\" >Sierra Leone Civil War History \u2013 HistoryRocket.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalissues.org\/article\/88\/sierra-leone\" >Sierra Leone \u2013 GlobalIssues.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/military\/world\/war\/sierra_leone.htm\" >Sierra Leone \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/sierraleonecivilwar.com\/\" >Sierra Leone Civil War \u2013 SierraLeoneCivilWar.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/British_military_intervention_in_the_Sierra_Leone_Civil_War\" >British military intervention in the Sierra Leone Civil War \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cigionline.org\/blogs\/rethinking-peacebuilding\/vertical-integration-and-persistent-causes-of-conflict-sierra-leone\" >Vertical Integration and the (Persistent) Cause of Conflict of Sierra Leone, Part 1, by Michael Lawrence \u2013 CIGIOnline.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.africa-confidential.com\/special-report\/id\/4\/Chronology_of_Sierra_Leone\" >Africa Confidential, April 1998 \u2013 SIERRA LEONE | DIAMONDS Chronology of Sierra Leone: How diamonds fuelled the conflict \u2013 04 SEPTEMBER 2015 \u2013 Africa-Confidential.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.childfund.org\/the-impact-of-civil-war-in-sierra-leone\/\" >The Impact of Civil War in Sierra Leone \u2013 ChildFund.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/sierraleone\/10450619\/The-women-who-bear-the-scars-of-Sierra-Leones-civil-war.html\" >The women who bear Sierra Leone\u2019s civil war, by Jean Friedman-Rudovsky \u2013 16 November 2013 \u2013 The Telegraph<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/newsok.com\/article\/5401137\" >Orphaned by civil war, a Sierra Leone student travels to Oklahoma for technology training, by Ken Koch \u2013 March 19, 2015 \u2013 NewsOK.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.dandc.eu\/en\/article\/blood-diamonds-fuelled-sierra-leones-civil-war\" >\u201c<em>In late April<\/em> [2012]<em>, <\/em><em>a UN Special Court based in The Hague, found former Liberian President Charles Taylor guilty because of the role he played in Sierra Leone\u2019s eleven-year civil war<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Blood Diamonds, by Floreana Miesen \u2013 21\/05\/2012 \u2013 DEVELOPMENT AND COOPERATOIN<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.boston.com\/bigpicture\/2012\/04\/sierra_leone_10_years_after_ci.html\" >Sierra Leone: 10 years after Civil War \u2013 April 27, 2012 \u2013 The Big Picture \u2013 Boston.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.e-ir.info\/2012\/10\/25\/the-causes-of-the-sierra-leone-civil-war-underlying-grievances-and-the-role-of-the-revolutionary-united-front\/\" >The Causes of the Sierra Leone Civil War, by Se Young Jang \u2013 OCT 25, 2012 \u2013 E-INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS STUDIES<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Sierra Leone:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/geos\/sl.html\" >SIERRA LEON \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sierra_Leone\" >Sierra Leone \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Sierra-Leone\" >Sierra Leone \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/sierra-leone\" >Sierra Leone \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/sierra-leone.html\" >Sierra Leone \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.everyculture.com\/Sa-Th\/Sierra-Leone.html\" >Sierra Leone \u2013 Culture \u2013 EveryCulture.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.africa.upenn.edu\/Country_Specific\/S_Leone.html\" >Sierra Leon Page \u2013 African Studies Center<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thejournalofsierraleonestudies.com\/\" >The Journal of Sierra Leon Studies<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>History of Sierra Leone:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Sierra_Leone\" >History of Sierra Leone \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/history-of-Sierra-Leone\" >History of Sierra Leone \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/sierra-leone\/history\" >Sierra Leone \u2013 History \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/sierra-leone.html\" >Sierra Leone \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-14094419\" >Sierra Leone profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.timelinesdb.com\/listevents.php?subjid=119&amp;title=Sierra%20Leone\" >Timelines \u2013 Sierra Leone \u2013 TimelinesDB.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Economy of Sierra Leone:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_Sierra_Leone\" >Economy of Sierra Leone \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.afdb.org\/en\/countries\/west-africa\/sierra-leone\/sierra-leone-economic-outlook\/\" >Sierra Leone EconomicOutlook \u2013 AFDB.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/country\/sierraleone\" >Sierra Leone \u2013 World Bank<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/sierra-leone\" >Sierra Leone \u2013 Data \u2013 World Bank<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.doingbusiness.org\/data\/exploreeconomies\/sierraleone\" >Ease of Doing Business in Sierra Leone \u2013 World Bank<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/sierraleone\" >Sierra Leon \u2013 Index \u2013 THE HERITAGE FOUNDATION<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2000\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tagish_Lake_%28meteorite%29\" >Tagish Lake<\/a> meteorite impacts the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Earth\" >Earth<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1997\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/B%C3%B8rge_Ousland\" >B\u00f8rge Ousland<\/a> of Norway becomes the first person to cross Antarctica alone and unaided.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1997\u00a0 <\/strong>In northwest <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rwanda\" >Rwanda<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hutu\" >Hutu<\/a> militia members kill three Spanish aid workers, three soldiers and seriously wound one other.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1993\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Martin_Luther_King,_Jr._Day\" >Martin Luther King, Jr. Day<\/a> is officially observed for the first time in all 50 states.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1983\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/International_Olympic_Committee\" >International Olympic Committee<\/a> restores <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jim_Thorpe\" >Jim Thorpe<\/a>\u2018s Olympic medals to his family.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1978\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/European_Court_of_Human_Rights\" >European Court of Human Rights<\/a> finds the United Kingdom government guilty of mistreating prisoners in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Northern_Ireland\" >Northern Ireland<\/a>, but not guilty of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Torture\" >torture<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR):<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/hudoc.echr.coe.int\/eng#%7B%22documentcollectionid2%22:[%22GRANDCHAMBER%22,%22CHAMBER%22]%7D\" >European Court of Human Rights \u2013 Official Site<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/European-Court-of-Human-Rights\" >European Court of Human Rights \u2013 Encyclopedia Brtiannica<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Judgement of the ECtHR of 18 January 1978 \u2013 Ireland v. UK, and the Commentaries:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cvce.eu\/en\/obj\/judgement_of_the_european_court_of_human_rights_ireland_v_the_united_kingdom_18_january_1978-en-e07eaf5f-6d09-4207-8822-0add3176f8e6.html\" >Judgement of the European Court of Human Rights of 18 January 1978 \u2013 Case of Ireland v. the United Kingdom<\/a>, <em><strong>or<\/strong><\/em> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/hudoc.echr.coe.int\/eng?i=001-57506#%7B%22itemid%22:[%22001-57506%22]%7D\" >the same judgement on this site<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.anphoblacht.com\/contents\/7461\" >\u201c<em>Some of the most notorious breaches of the ECHR by the British government include: On 18 January 1978, Britain was found, by 16 votes to 1, to be in breach of Article 3 of the ECHR, which states that \u00d4No one shall be subjected or torture or inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment\u2019 in respect of the case of the \u00d4hooded men\u2019 who, in August 1971, had been held for interrogation at Girdwood Barracks in Belfast<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 The worst human rights record in Europe, by Fern Lane \u2013 10 May 2001 \u2013 Anphoblacht.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/758483?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents\" >Ireland v. United Kingdom, by David Bonner \u2013 JSTOR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1977\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia\" >SFR Yugoslavia\u2019s<\/a> Prime minister, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/D%C5%BEemal_Bijedi%C4%87\" >D\u017eemal Bijedi\u0107<\/a>, his wife and six others are killed in a plane crash in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina\" >Bosnia and Herzegovina<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1977\u00a0 <\/strong>Scientists identify a previously unknown <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bacterium\" >bacterium<\/a> as the cause of the mysterious <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Legionnaires%27_disease\" >Legionnaires\u2019 disease<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1976\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Christianity_in_Lebanon\" >Lebanese Christian<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Militia\" >militias<\/a> overrun <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Karantina\" >Karantina<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Beirut\" >Beirut<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Karantina_massacre\" >killing at least 1,000<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1974\u00a0 <\/strong>A Disengagement of Forces agreement is signed between the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Israel\" >Israeli<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Egypt\" >Egyptian<\/a> governments, ending conflict on the Egyptian front of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yom_Kippur_War\" >Yom Kippur War<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1968\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> at Eastern Kazakh\/<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Semipalatinsk_Test_Site\" >Semipalitinsk<\/a> USSR.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovwpnprog.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/tests\/USSR-ntestsS.html\" >Database of nuclear tests, USSR\/Russia: overview \u2013 JohnstonArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/soviet_nuclear_testing_semipalatinsk_20th_anniversary\/24311518.html\" >Slow Death of Kazakhstan\u2019s Land Of Nuclear Tests \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty \u2013 RFRL.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/large.stanford.edu\/courses\/2014\/ph241\/powell2\/docs\/vakulchuk.pdf\" >Semipalitinsk nuclear testing: the humanitarian consequences \u2013 Norwegian Institute of International Affairs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thebulletin.org\/lasting-toll-semipalatinsks-nuclear-testing\" >The lasting toll of Semipalitinsk\u2019s nuclear testing \u2013 TheBulletin.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/12566948_External_doses_of_residents_near_Semipalatinsk_nuclear_test_site\" >External Doses of Residents near Semipalitinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 ResearchGate.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.irpa.net\/irpa10\/cdrom\/00504.pdf\" >Radiation Exposure on Residents due to Semipalitinsk Nuclear Tests \u2013 IRPA.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1967\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-united-states-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >US performs nuclear test<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nevada_Test_Site\" >Nevada Test Site<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Nuclear Tests of the Unite States:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_United_States\" >List of the nuclear weapons tests of the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nv.doe.gov\/library\/publications\/historical\/DOENV_209_REV15.pdf\" >United States Nuclear Tests \u2013 July 1945 through September 1992 \u2013 US Department of Energy \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nuclear_weapons_and_the_United_States\" >Nuclear Weapons and the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.atomcentral.com\/the-cold-war.aspx\" >The Cold War \u2013 AtomCentral.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Nevada Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fas.org\/nuke\/guide\/usa\/facility\/nts.htm\" >NEVADA TEST SITE \u2013 FAS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/wmd\/facility\/nts.htm\" >NEVADA TEST SITE \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.onlinenevada.org\/articles\/nevada-test-site-overview\" >Nevada Test Site Overview \u2013 OnlineNevada.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/about\/projects\/archive\/nucweapons\/nts\" >Nuclear testing at the Nevada Test Site \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/toxipedia.org\/display\/wanmec\/Nevada+Test+Site\" >Nevada Test Site \u2013 Toxipedia.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/digital.library.unlv.edu\/ntsohp\/\" >Nevada Test Site \u2013 Oral History Project<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/archure.net\/liberty\/nukenevada.html\" >NUKE TESTING in NEVADA \u2013 Archure.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nv.doe.gov\/library\/publications\/Environmental\/DOENV_11718_594.pdf\" >ECOLOGY OF THE NEVADA TEST SITE: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nevadatestsite.info\/\" >Nevada Test Site Workers Exposed to Radiation \u2013 National Cancer Benefits Center \u2013 NevadaTestSite.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/about\/projects\/archive\/nucweapons\/50\" >50 Facts About the US Nuclear Weapons \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Usa\/Tests\/\" >Gallery of US Nuclear Tests \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.acq.osd.mil\/ncbdp\/nm\/nm_book_5_11\/index.htm\" >The Nuclear Matters Handbook<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Nuclear Weapons and the United States:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nuclear_weapons_and_the_United_States\" >Nuclear Weapons and the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/us\/2014\/231697.htm\" >Nuclear Weapons Testing: History, Progress, Challenges: Verifications and Entry into Force of the CTBT \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/avc\/rls\/202015.htm\" >US Nuclear Weapons Stockpile Life Extension Programs \u2013 January 3, 2013 \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/research\/articles\/2014\/04\/28-50-nuclear-facts\" >50 Facts About US Nuclear Weapons Today \u2013 April 28, 2014 \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/research\/lecture\/2012\/08\/the-future-of-the-us-nuclear-triad\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Program, by Michaela Dodge \u2013 The Heritage Foundation<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.armscontrol.org\/act\/1997_05\/nas\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Policy \u2013 Arms Control Association<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252183576_The_Future_of_the_U.S._Nuclear_Weapons_Program\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Program, by Linton F. Brooks \u2013 ResearchGate.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/us\/2014\/233254.htm\" >US Nuclear Weapons Policy in the 21<sup>st<\/sup> Century \u2013 Rose Gottemoeller, Under Secretary\u00a0for Arms Control and International Security, \u00a0Dixie State University, St. George, Utah \u2013 October 21, 2014 \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1962\u00a0 <\/strong>US begins spraying foliage in Vietnam to reveal Viet Cong guerrillas.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>US Army\u2019s Use of Foliage in the Vietnam War:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/vietnamwar.wikia.com\/wiki\/Agent_Orange\" >\u201c<em>During the Vietnam War, between 1962 and 1971, the United States military sprayed nearly 20,000,000 US gallons (<\/em><strong><em>Script error<\/em><\/strong><em>l) of material containing chemical herbicides and defoliants mixed with jet fuel in Vietnam, eastern Laos and parts of Cambodia, as part of Operation Ranch Hand<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Agent Orange \u2013 VIETNAM WAR WIKI \u2013 Wikia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/abcccassociation.org\/vvahistoryofagentorangeuse.pdf\" >THE HISTORY OF AGENT ORANGE USE IN VIETNAM: A HISTORICAL OVEVIEW FROM THE VETERAN\u2019S PERSPECTIVE \u2013 MARCH 2002: UNITED STATES-VIETNAM SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE ON HUMAN HEALTH AND ENVIROMMENTAL EFFECTS OF AGENT ORANGE\/DIOXINS \u2013 DIOX2002-16 \u2013 pdf \u2013 ABCCAssociation.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Some Pertinent Information on \u201c<\/em><\/strong><strong>Agent Orange\u201d<em>:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/vietnam-war\/agent-orange\" >AGENT ORANGE \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.encyclopedia.com\/topic\/Agent_Orange.aspx\" >Agent Orange \u2013 Encyclopedia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.scienceclarified.com\/A-Al\/Agent-Orange.html\" >Orange Agent \u2013 ScienceClarified.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.monsanto.com\/newsviews\/pages\/agent-orange-background-monsanto-involvement.aspx\" >\u201c<em>From 1965 to 1969, the former Monsanto Company was one of nine wartime government contractors who manufactured Agent Orange.\u00a0 The government set the specifications for making Agent Orange and determined when, where and how it was used. Agent Orange was only produced for, and used by, the government<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Agent Orange: Background on Monsanto\u2019s Involvement \u2013 Monsanto.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thewe.cc\/weplanet\/asia\/vietnam\/agent_orange_victims_of-US_herbicide_spraying_vietnam.htm\" >Chemical companies, US authorities knew dangers of Agent Orange \u2013 TheWe.cc<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2014\/05\/12\/us\/agent-oranges-long-legacy-for-vietnam-and-veterans.html?_r=0\" >Agent Orange\u2019s Long Legacy, for Vietnam and Veterans \u2013 The New York Times<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2003\/mar\/29\/usa.adrianlevy\" >\u201c<em>Nearly 30 years after the Vietnam war, a chemical weapon used by US troops is still exacting a hideous toll on each new generation. Cathy Scott-Clark and Adrian Levy report. Hong Hanh is falling to pieces. She has been poisoned by the most toxic molecule known to science; it was sprayed during a prolonged military campaign\u2026.. There are an estimated 650,000 like Hong Hanh in Vietnam, suffering from an array of baffling chronic conditions. Another 500,000 have already died<\/em>. \u201d \u2013 Spectre Orange \u2013 TheGuardian.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/links.org.au\/node\/2457\" >Victims of Agent Orange\/dioxin: \u2018Agent Orange in Vietnam was a crime against humanity\u2019 \u2013 Links.org.au<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.publichealth.va.gov\/exposures\/agentorange\/\" >Public Health \u2013 Agent Orange \u2013 US Department of Veterans Affairs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.benefits.va.gov\/compensation\/claims-postservice-agent_orange.asp\" >Compensation \u2013 Veterans Exposed to Agent Orange \u2013 US Department of Veterans Affairs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.publichealth.va.gov\/exposures\/agentorange\/conditions\/index.asp\" >Veterans\u2019 Diseases Associated with Agent Orange \u2013 US Department of Veterans Affairs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.diabetes.org\/living-with-diabetes\/complications\/related-conditions\/agent-orange.html\" >\u201c<em>Vietnam veterans with type 2 diabetes are eligible for disability compensation from the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) based on their presumed exposure to Agent Orange or other herbicides<\/em>. \u2013 Agent Orange \u2013 Diabetes.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cancer.org\/cancer\/cancercauses\/othercarcinogens\/intheworkplace\/agent-orange-and-cancer\" >Agent Orange and Cancer \u2013 Cancer.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.com\/news\/agent-orange\/\" >Veterans Exposed to Toxic Chemical Accuse VA Of Foot-Dragging \u2013 Agent Orange \u2013 The Huffington Post<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/agentorangerecord.com\/agent_orange_history\/\" >AMERICA\u2019S MOST LETAH SEVRET AGENT? \u2013 AgentOrangeRecord.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/agentorangezone.blogspot.com\/2014\/10\/veterans-and-human-rights-attorneys.html\" >Orange Agent Zone \u2013 Veterans and Human Rights Attorneys Seek Information Weapons Use in Iraq \u2013 October 27, 2014<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Okinawa and Agent Orange:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>For more relevant information on <strong>Agent Orange<\/strong>, visit <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2015\/08\/this-week-in-history-36\/\" >This Week in History, the date of AUGUST 10, 1961: First use in Vietnam War of the Agent Orange by the US Army.<\/a><\/strong>, <strong>and\/or<\/strong> the <\/em><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/search\/?q=agent+orange\" >TMS Archive Search<\/a><\/strong><em>.<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.com\/amy-chavez\/okinawa-agent-orange_b_1607593.html\" >\u201c<em>Growing evidence indicates that during the U.S. occupation of Okinawa from 1945 to 1972, the U.S. violated a treaty to not store herbicides within Japan\u2019s political boundaries<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Growing Evidence of Agent Orange in Japan, by Amy Chavez \u2013 June 27, 2012 \u2013 HuffigtonPost.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.stripes.com\/news\/japan-finds-traces-of-us-herbicides-on-okinawa-1.232287\" >Japan finds traces of US herbicides on Okinawa, by Travis J. Tritten and Chiyomi Sumida \u2013 July 26, 2013 \u2013 Stars and Stripes \u2013 Stripes.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.veteranstoday.com\/2011\/09\/24\/agent-orange-okinawa\/\" >AGENT ORANGE: Okinawa, by Bob Hanafin \u2013 September 24, 2011 \u2013 VeteransToday.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.japanfocus.org\/-Jon-Mitchell\/3652\/article.html\" >Agent Orange in Okinawa \u2013 New Evidence, by Jon Mitchell \u2013 JapanFocus.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jonmitchellinjapan.com\/agent-orange-on-okinawa.html\" >Agent Orange on Okinawa \u2013 JonMitchellInJapan.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fpif.org\/agent_orange_on_okinawa_the_smoking_gun\/\" >\u201c<em>A recently discovered U.S. army report puts lie to the Pentagon\u2019s denials that it exposed soldiers and civilians to Agent Orange on Okinawa<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 The Agent Orange on Okinawa: The Smoking Gun, by Jon Mitchell \u2013 FPIF.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nationofchange.org\/us-veteran-exposes-pentagon-s-denials-agent-orange-use-okinawa-1336665501\" >\u201c<em>Thousands of barrels of Agent Orange were unloaded on Okinawa Island and stored at the port of Naha, and at the U.S. military\u2019s Kadena and Camp Schwab bases between 1965 and 1966, an American veteran who served in Okinawa claims<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 US Veteran Exposes Pentagon\u2019s Denial of Agent Orange Use on Okinawa, by Jon Mitchell \u2013 NationOfChange.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.japantimes.co.jp\/community\/2014\/03\/17\/issues\/ailing-u-s-veteran-wins-payout-over-agent-orange-exposure-in-okinawa\/#.Vcyhr5eufX4\" >Ailing US veteran wins payout over Agent Orange exposure in Okinawa, by Jon Mitchell \u2013 March 17, 2014 \u2013 The Japan Times<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Various Weapons Tests (including those of Agent Orange) and Storage at Johnston Atoll, and Permanent Contamination:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/wmd\/facility\/johnston_atoll.htm\" >Johnston Atoll, and Kalama Atoll \u2013 WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/app.nimia.com\/video\/188781\/south-pacific-nuclear-tests-on-johnston-island-i-6\" >South Pacific tests on Johnston Island in 1951 \u2013 NIMIA.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nova.edu\/ncri\/11icrs\/proceedings\/files\/m23-13.pdf\" >Contaminants in Fishes from Johnston Atoll, by L. Kerr Lobel and P.S. Lobel \u2013 Boston University, Department of Biology<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/home.earthlink.net\/%7Erobertbfish\/id19.html\" >\u201c<em>During the Cold War era, the US Air Force used JI <\/em><em>[Johnston Island]<\/em><em> to support several highly classified missions. In the early 1960\u2019s, it was involved with Operation Dominic, which tested a primitive anti-ballistic missile system as well as the impact of EMP on military command and control systems<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Johnstone Island, by Bob Fish \u2013 EarthLink.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dodlegacy.org\/Legacy\/project\/productdocs\/2008%20Lobels%20ch%2017_sm_b884f77c-3e42-4ea2-ab14-26e9772bd358.pdf\" >Aspects of the Biology and Geomorphology of Johnston and Wake Atolls, Pacific Ocean, by Philp S. Lobel and Lisa Kerr Lobel \u2013 DODLegacy.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.parsons.com\/Media%20Library\/0903_CSDP.pdf\" >\u201c<em>Construction began on a Parsons-designed prototype full-scale chemical weapons incinerator at Johnston Island in the South Pacific Ocean<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program (CSDP) \u2013 Parsons.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2003\/01\/27\/us\/radioactive-dump-on-pacific-wildlife-refuge-raises-liability-concerns.html\" >\u201c<em>In the 1950\u2019s and 60\u2019s, the United States Air Force conducted 12 test launchings of nuclear missiles on tiny Johnston Atoll in the Pacific Ocean. In 1962, two of the shots were aborted and the missiles exploded over the runway, drenching the area in radioactive contaminants<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Radioactive Dump on Pacific Wildlife Refuge Raises Liability Concerns, by Katharine Q. Seelye \u2013 January 27, 2003 \u2013 The New York Times<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/afspacemuseum.org\/johnston\/\" >Johnston Island \u2013 Air Force Space &amp; Missile Museum<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/biologywriter.com\/backgrounder\/bioterror\/bioterror4\/\" >\u201c<em>At sunset one quiet July day an armada of ships was positioned in the ocean waters around Johnston Atoll, upwind from a line of barges with hundreds of cages containing Rhesus monkeys on their decks (figure 4)<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Bio Terror 4 \u2013 BiologyWriter \u2013 BiologyWriter.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/geos\/print_um.html\" >Johnston Atoll: \u201c<em>The site was used for high-altitude nuclear tests in the 1950s and 1960s. Until late in 2000 the atoll was maintained as a storage and disposal site for chemical weapons. Munitions destruction, cleanup, and closure of the facility were completed by May 2005<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 THE UNITED STATES PACIFIC ISLAND WILD LIFE REFUGES \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nautilus.org\/apsnet\/cleaning-up-johnston-atoll\/\" >Cleaning up Johnston Atoll \u2013 Nautilus Institute<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/ajw.asahi.com\/article\/forum\/security_and_territorial_issues\/japan_us\/AJ201503270059\" >South Pacific islands fell victim to tragedy of nuclear tests \u2013 March 27, 2015 \u2013 The Asahi Shimbun<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.war-stories.com\/ws-ao-johnston-island-1-1972.htm\" >AGENT ORANGE \u2013 Johnston Island, AFB \u2013 War-Stories.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.truth-out.org\/news\/item\/16945-deny-deny-until-all-the-veterans-die-pentagon-investigation-into-agent-orange-on-okinawa\" >\u201c<em>Another issue addressed by the investigation was a 2003 U.S. Army report \u2013 titled \u201cAn Ecological Assessment of Johnston Atoll\u201d \u2013 which stated that 25,000 barrels of Agent Orange had been on Okinawa prior to 1972<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Deny, Deny Until All the Veterans Die\u201d \u2013 Pentagon Investigation into Agent Orange in Okinawa \u2013 Truth-Out.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.guamagentorange.info\/yahoo_site_admin\/assets\/docs\/AgentOrange-JI.133194419.pdf\" >Summary Document: Agent Orange at Johnston Island \u2013 GuamAgentOrange.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.skyscanner.net\/news\/14-worlds-most-amazing-abandoned-airports\" >11 Johnston Atoll Airport, USA \u2013 <em>14 of the world\u2019s most amazing abandoned airports<\/em> \u2013 SkyScanner.net<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.guamagentorange.info\/yahoo_site_admin\/assets\/docs\/Johnston_Atoll_History.261114404.pdf\" >HISTORY OF JOHNSTON ATOLL \u2013 GuamAgentOrange.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www1.american.edu\/ted\/ice\/johns.htm\" >Case Name: Johnston Atoll Chemical Waste \u2013 Chemical Weapons Disposal Dispute \u2013 TED Case Study<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.urbanghostsmedia.com\/2010\/04\/isolated-and-abandoned-military-airbase-johnston-atoll\/\" >Johnstone Atoll: An Isolated and Abandoned Military Air Base in the Mid Pacific Ocean \u2013 8 April 2010 \u2013 UrganGhostsMedia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.thelivingmoon.com\/45jack_files\/03files\/Johnston_Atoll.html\" >Secret Bases \u2013 Johnston Atoll \u2013 TheLivingMoon.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jason-stevens.com\/2010\/07\/the-forgotten-island-of-johnston-atoll\/\" >The Forgotten Atoll of Johnston Atoll \u2013 Jason-Sevens.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/johnstonmemories.com\/\" >History of Johnston Island \u2013 Johnston Memories<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Chemical Weapons and International Law:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chemical_Weapons_Convention\" >Chemical Weapons Convention \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.un.org\/disarmament\/WMD\/Chemical\/\" >CHEMICAL WEAPONS \u2013 UN Office for Disarmament Affairs (UNODA)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/disarmament.un.org\/treaties\/t\/cwc\/text\" >Full Text of the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Us of Chemical Weapons and on their Destruction (signed 3 September 1992; effective 29 April 1997)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/disarmament.un.org\/treaties\/t\/cwc\" >Status of the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Us of Chemical Weapons and on their Destruction<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.icrc.org\/eng\/resources\/documents\/interview\/2013\/07-18-syria-chemical-weapons.htm\" >Chemical weapons: An absolute prohibition under international law \u2013 ICRC.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.motherjones.com\/politics\/2013\/08\/syria-chemical-weapons-explainer\" >International Law, Security, and Weapons of Mass Destruction, by Jayantha Dhanapala, Under-Secretary-General for Disarmament Affairs, United Nations, 9 May, 2002<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/ir.canterbury.ac.nz\/bitstream\/10092\/850\/1\/thesis_fulltext.pdf\" >Can International Law Achieve the Effective Disarmament of Chemical Weapons? ,by Peggy Lefevre<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/physiciansforhumanrights.org\/training\/chemical-weapons\/\" >Chemical Weapons Facts \u2013 Physicians for Human Rights<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.weaponslaw.org\/weapons\/chemical-weapons\" >Chemical Weapons \u2013 Chemical weapons are generally prohibited by the 1992 Chemical Weapons Convention \u2013 WeaponsLaw.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.motherjones.com\/politics\/2013\/08\/syria-chemical-weapons-explainer\" >Are Chemical Weapons Reason Enough to Go to War? \u2013 August 30, 2013, MotherJones.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/humanrightsinvestigations.org\/2013\/09\/27\/human-rights-watch-un-chemical-weapons-report\/\" >Human Rights Watch and UN chemical weapons report \u2013 September 27, 2013 \u2013 HumanRightsInvestigations.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1962\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-united-states-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >US performs nuclear test<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nevada_Test_Site\" >Nevada Test Site<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Atmospheric\/High-altitude Nuclear Explosion Testing:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.abomb1.org\/atmosphr\/index.html\" >Years of Atmospheric Testing: 1945-1963 \u2013 Trinity Atomic Website \u2013 Abomb1.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/High-altitude_nuclear_explosion\" >Atmospheric nuclear explosion \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/hane.html\" >High-altitude nuclear explosions, by Wm Robert Johnston \u2013 JohnstonsArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/history-of-nuclear-testing\/types-of-nuclear-weapons-tests\/\" >\u201c<em>Atmospheric testing refers to explosions which take place in the atmosphere<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 TYPES OF NUCLEA WEAPONS TESTS \u2013 CTBTO.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/zvis.com\/nuclear\/ndb\/usnuks.shtml\" >US Atmospheric Nuclear Test Page \u2013 Nuclear Weapons \u2013 Zvis.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>For some more pertinent information, see \u201c<\/em><strong>1967 <\/strong>US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site,\u201d <em>mentioned above<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1955\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_Civil_War\" >Chinese Civil War<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Yijiangshan_Islands\" >Battle of Yijiangshan Islands<\/a> is fought.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1945\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: Liberation of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Krak%C3%B3w\" >Krak\u00f3w<\/a>, Poland by the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Red_Army\" >Red Army<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1945\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: Liberation of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Budapest_Ghetto\" >Budapest Ghetto<\/a> by the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Red_Army\" >Red Army<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1943\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Warsaw_Ghetto_Uprising\" >Warsaw Ghetto Uprising<\/a>: The first uprising of Jews in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Warsaw_Ghetto\" >Warsaw Ghetto<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Warsaw Ghetto:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/Holocaust\/warsawtoc.html\" >The Warsaw Ghetto \u2013 Holocaust Ghettos \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johndclare.net\/Nazi_Germany3_WarsawGhetto.htm\" >The Warsaw Ghetto, 1940-3 \u2013 JohndClare.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.holocaustresearchproject.org\/ghettos\/warsawghetto.html\" >The Warsaw Ghetto \u2013 HolocaustResearchProject.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/worldhistoryconnected.press.illinois.edu\/6.2\/bingham.html\" >Women and Warsaw Ghetto: A Moment to Decide, by Marjorie Wall Bingham \u2013 World History Connected<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/deathcamps.org\/occupation\/warsaw%20ghetto.html\" >Warsaw Ghetto \u2013 DeathCamps.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.holocaustsurvivors.org\/data.show.php?di=record&amp;da=encyclopedia&amp;ke=117\" >Warsaw Ghetto \u2013 HolocaustSurvivors.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Warsaw Ghetto Uprising:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/world-war-ii\/warsaw-ghetto-uprising\" >WARSAW GHETTO UPRISING \u2013 April 19 \u2013 May 16, 1943 \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/warsaw-ghetto-uprising-begins\" >APR 19 1943: THIS DAY IN HISTORY: Warsaw Ghetto Uprising begins \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ushmm.org\/wlc\/en\/article.php?ModuleId=10005188\" >Warsaw Ghetto Uprising \u2013 Holocaust Encyclopedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/Holocaust\/uprising1.html\" >The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising (April 19 \u2013 May 19, 1943) \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/history1900s.about.com\/od\/1940s\/a\/Warsaw-Ghetto-Uprising.htm\" >The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising \u2013 April 19 \u2013 May 16, 1943 \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Warsaw-Ghetto-Uprising\/images-videos\/In-1970-West-German-Chancellor-Willy-Brandt-traveled-to-Poland\/195970\" >Photographs relating to the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising \u2013 Britannica.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.holocaustsurvivors.org\/data.show.php?di=record&amp;da=encyclopedia&amp;sf=entry_name&amp;sv=Warsaw+Ghetto+Uprising\" >Warsaw Ghetto Uprising \u2013 Encyclopedia \u2013 HolocaustSurvivors.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.deathcamps.org\/occupation\/warsaw%20ghetto%20uprising.html\" >Warsaw Ghetto Uprising \u2013 DeathCamps.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/jpfo.org\/filegen-a-m2\/movieplay-warsaw-ghetto-flv.htm\" >JPFO \u2013 The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising, video \u2013 JEWS FOR THE PRESERVATION OF FIREARMS OWNERSHIP \u2013 JFPO.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.scrapbookpages.com\/Poland\/WarsawGhetto\/WarsawGhettoUprising.html\" >Warsaw Ghetto Uprising \u2013 ScrapbookPages.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fcit.usf.edu\/holocaust\/RESOURCE\/GALLERY\/WGU2.HTM\" >Photos: Warsaw Ghetto Uprising II \u2013 USF.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.yadvashem.org\/yv\/en\/holocaust\/about\/07\/warsaw_uprising.asp\" >The Holocaust \u2013 Combat and Resistance \u2013 Warsaw Ghetto Uprising \u2013 YadVashem.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Warsaw_Ghetto_Uprising#Controversy\" >\u201c<em>In recent years, a new research by historians Dariusz Libionka (Poland) and Laurence Weinbaum (Israel) on the \u017bZW has called into question the validity of what has been written on the Revisionist Zionist underground that fought in the ghetto\u2026 Over the years these testimonies found their way into many secondary sources \u2013 both popular and scholarly works by other authors \u2013 as well as reference books<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 <strong>Controversy<\/strong> \u2013 <strong>Warsaw Ghetto Uprising<\/strong> \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/agcholocaustlibrary.org\/ghettos.html\" >Ghettos \u2013 Agnes Tnenenbaum Holocaust Library Collection<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1941\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_II\" >World War II<\/a>: British troops <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/East_African_Campaign_%28World_War_II%29#Allied_counter-offensive\" >launch a general counter-offensive<\/a> against <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Italian_East_Africa\" >Italian East Africa<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Italian East Africa:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Italian-East-Africa\" >Italian East Africa \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/italian-east-africa.html\" >Italian East Africa \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=RM6Zv57XFuc\" >Italian East Africa \/ Africa Orientale Italiana (1939-1941) \u2013 YouTube video (2 min. 48 sec.)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.philatelicdatabase.com\/africa\/map-of-italian-east-africa-1938-1941\/\" >Map of Italian East Africa (1938-1941) \u2013 PhilatelicDatabase.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Invasion of the Italian East Africa:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/East_African_Campaign_%28World_War_II%29\" >East African Campaign (World War II) \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.comandosupremo.com\/KerenBattle.html\" >Rise and Fall of Italian East Africa and the Battle of Keren \u2013 COMANDO SUPREMO Italy at War \u2013 ComandoSupremo.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/histclo.com\/essay\/war\/ww2\/cou\/ita\/camp\/ww2i-ea.html\" >World War II: East African Campaign (1941) \u2013 HistClo.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/british-attack-italians-in-africa\" >JAN 19: THIS DAY IN HISTORY: British attack Italians in Africa \u2013 History.com<\/a> <em>[Some historical descriptions indicate January 19, 1941 as the British\u2019s invasion of Italian Africa.]<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1919\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bentley\" >Bentley Motors Limited<\/a> is founded.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Bentley Motors:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bentleymotors.com\/en.html\" >Bentley Motors \u2013 Official Site<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/carhist.com\/bentley-motors-history\/\" >Bentley Motors History \u2013 CarHist.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theautochannel.com\/news\/writers\/bhagin\/2001\/fs0129.html\" >History of Bentley Cars, by Bob Hagin \u2013 TheAutoChannel.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/exoticcars.about.com\/od\/toptens\/tp\/AllAboutBentley.htm\" >History of Bentley \u2013 All About Bentley, by Christen Hall-Geisler \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rolls-royceandbentley.co.uk\/bentley-history.html\" >Bentley History \u2013 Rolls Royce and Bentley \u2013 Rolls-RoyceAndBentley.co.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1919\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ignacy_Jan_Paderewski\" >Ignacy Jan Paderewski<\/a> becomes Prime Minister of the newly independent Poland.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>History of Poland:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Poland\" >History of Poland \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyworld.net\/wrldhis\/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=ab01\" >HISTORY OF POLAND \u2013 HistoryWorld.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/poland\/history\" >Poland \u2013 History \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/history-of-Poland\" >History of Poland \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/poland\/\" >Poland \u2013 HISTORY \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.localhistories.org\/poland.html\" >A BRIEF HISTORY OF POLAND \u2013 LocalHistories.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/vjw\/Poland.html\" >Poland \u2013 The Virtual Jewish World \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rootsweb.ancestry.com\/%7Epolwgw\/history.html\" >Timeline of Polish History \u2013 Roots Web \u2013 Ancestry.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/info-poland.buffalo.edu\/classroom\/maps\/task4.html\" >Historical Maps of Poland \u2013 Buffalo.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/world-europe-17754512\" >Poland country profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Poland:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/geos\/pl.html\" >POLAND \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.un.org\/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=Poland\" >Poland \u2013 UN Data<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/poland.html\" >Poland \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Poland\" >Poland \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.factmonster.com\/country\/poland.html\" >Poland \u2013 FactMonster.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/geography.about.com\/od\/polandmaps\/a\/polandgeography.htm\" >Geography of Poland \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-europe-17753718\" >Poland country profile \u2013 Overview \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Foreign Relations of Poland:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.msz.gov.pl\/en\" >Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Poland<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_Poland\" >Foreign relations of Poland \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/poland\/88.htm\" >Poland \u2013 FOREIGN RELATOINS \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cfr.org\/democratization\/poland\/p30812\" >Poland \u2013 Council on Foreign Relations \u2013 CFR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Poland%E2%80%93United_States_relations\" >Poland-United States relations \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/r\/pa\/ei\/bgn\/2875.htm\" >US Relations with Poland \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Economy of Poland:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_Poland\" >Economy of Poland \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/poland-economy.html\" >Poland \u2013 Economy \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/country\/poland\" >Poland \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/poland\" >Poland \u2013 Data \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/poland\" >Poland \u2013 Index \u2013 THE HERITAGE FOUNDATION<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1919\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_I\" >World War I<\/a>: The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Paris_Peace_Conference,_1919\" >Paris Peace Conference<\/a> opens in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Palace_of_Versailles\" >Versailles<\/a>, France.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Paris Peace Conference:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Paris_Peace_Conference,_1919\" >Paris Peace Conference, 1919 \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Paris-Peace-Conference\" >Paris Peace Conference \u2013 1919-1920 \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.americaslibrary.gov\/jb\/jazz\/jb_jazz_peace_1.html\" >The Pairs Peace Conference, January 18, 1919 \u2013 americaslibrary.gov<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/post-world-war-i-peace-conference-begins-in-paris\" >THIS DAY IN HISTORY \u2013 JAN 18, 1919: Post-World War I peace conference begins in Paris \u2013 history.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Aftermath of World War I:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aftermath_of_World_War_I\" >Aftermath of World War I \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ashatteredpeace.com\/\" >A SHATTERED PEACE: Versailles 1919 and The Price We Pay Today, by David A. Andelman \u2013 AshatteredPeace.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.academia.edu\/6256232\/Negating_Peace_Germany_Policy_Making_During_World_War_I\" >Negating Peace Germany Policy Making During World War I, by Tom Degenhart \u2013 Academia.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gilderlehrman.org\/history-by-era\/world-war-i\/essays\/world-war-i\" >World War I, by Jennifer D. Keene \u2013 GliderLehrman.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Treaty of Versailles:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ushmm.org\/wlc\/en\/article.php?ModuleId=10007428\" >WORLD WAR I: TREATIES AND REPARATIONS \u2013 Holocaust Encyclopedia \u2013 USHMMM.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Treaty_of_Versailles\" >Treaty of Versailles \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/avalon.law.yale.edu\/subject_menus\/versailles_menu.asp\" >Text of the Versailles Treaty June 28, 1919 \u2013 Avalon Project \u2013 Yale Law School<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Some Evolution of the \u201cCrimes of Aggression\u201d a.k.a. the \u201cCrimes against Peace\u201d:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Treaty of Versailles:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/War_of_aggression\" >War of aggression \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crime_of_aggression\" >Crimes of aggression \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.crimesofwar.org\/a-z-guide\/aggression\/\" >AGGRESSION \u2013 CRIMES OF WAR \u2013 CrimesOfWar.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Article_231_of_the_Treaty_of_Versailles\" >Article 231 of the Treaty of Versailles \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a>, <strong><em>or<\/em><\/strong> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/avalon.law.yale.edu\/imt\/partviii.asp\" >Article 231 of the same treaty on this website<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/net.lib.byu.edu\/%7Erdh7\/wwi\/versa\/versa6.html\" >Article 227 of the Treaty of Versailles \u2013 BYU.edu<\/a>, <strong><em>or<\/em><\/strong> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/avalon.law.yale.edu\/imt\/partvii.asp\" >Article 227 of the same treaty on this website<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Kellogg and Briand Pact of 1928:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/avalon.law.yale.edu\/20th_century\/kbpact.asp#art1\" >Articles I and II of the Kellogg and Briand Pact<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/avalon.law.yale.edu\/20th_century\/kbpact.asp\" >Full Text of the Kellogg and Briand Pact \u2013 Avalon Project \u2013 Yale Law School<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/avalon.law.yale.edu\/subject_menus\/kbmenu.asp\" >Pertinent Documents on the Kellogg and Briand Pact \u2013 Avalon Project \u2013 Yale Law School<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Charters of the Nuremberg and Tokyo Military Tribunals:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/avalon.law.yale.edu\/imt\/imtconst.asp#art6\" ><em>Crimes against Peace<\/em> and Other Pertinent Crimes: Article 6 of the Charter of the Nuremberg Military Tribunal<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jus.uio.no\/english\/services\/library\/treaties\/04\/4-06\/military-tribunal-far-east.xml\" ><em>Crimes against Peace<\/em> and Other Pertinent Crimes: Article 5 of the Charter of the Military Tribunal for the Far East<\/a>, <strong><em>or<\/em><\/strong> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.macalester.edu\/%7Etam\/HIST194%20War%20Crimes\/documents\/Nuremberg\/Charter%20of%20the%20International%20Military%20Tribunal%20Far%20East.htm\" >the same article on this website<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crime_against_peace\" >Crime against peace \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.crimesagainstpeace.org\/crimes-against-peace-article\/\" >Crimes Against Peace, by Allen Ferguson, JD, MFA \u2013 CRIMES AGAINST PEACE \u2013 CrimesAgainstPeace.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>UN Charter and the UNGA Resolution 3314 (XXIX)<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.un.org\/en\/documents\/charter\/chapter7.shtml\" >CHARTER VII: ACTION WITH RESPECT TO THREATS TO THE PEACE, BREACHES OF THE PEACE, AND ACT OF AGGRESSION \u2013 THE CHARTER OF THE UNITED NATIONS<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.un-documents.net\/a29r3314.htm\" >UN Documents \u2013 A\/RES\/29\/3314 3314 (XXIX) Definition of Aggression<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/crimeofaggression.info\/documents\/6\/General_Assembly_%20Resolution_%203314.pdf\" >Definition of \u201cAggression\u201d \u2013 UN General Assembly 3314 (XXIX) \u2013 pdf<\/a>, <strong><em>or<\/em><\/strong> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www1.umn.edu\/humanrts\/instree\/GAres3314.html\" >the same resolution on this site \u2013 UMN.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/legal.un.org\/avl\/ha\/da\/da.html\" >Definition of Aggression \u2013 General Assembly resolution 3314, by Elizabeth Wilmshurst \u2013 AUDIOVISUAL LIBRARY OF INTERNATIONAL LAW \u2013 UN.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Nations_General_Assembly_Resolution_3314\" >United Nations General Assembly Resolution 3314 \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crime_of_aggression#Article_8_bis\" >Crimes of Aggression: <strong>Article 8<\/strong> <strong>bis<\/strong> of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crime_of_aggression#Article_15_bis\" >Crimes of Aggression: <strong>Article 15 bis<\/strong> of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crime_of_aggression#Article_15_ter\" >Crimes of Aggression: <strong>Article 15 ter<\/strong> of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.icc-cpi.int\/NR\/rdonlyres\/ADD16852-AEE9-4757-ABE7-9CDC7CF02886\/283503\/RomeStatutEng1.pdf\" >Full Text of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court \u2013 pdf<\/a>, <strong><em>or <\/em><\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/legal.un.org\/icc\/statute\/romefra.htm\" >the same statute on this website<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-90-6704-927-6_1\" >Historical Background of the Criminalization of Aggression, by Sergey Sayapin \u2013 11 January 2014<\/a>, <strong><em>and\/or <\/em><\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/book\/10.1007\/978-90-6704-927-6\" >Crimes of Aggression in International Criminal Law<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.internationaljusticeproject.com\/on-the-crime-of-aggression-and-the-icc-in-a-quasi-westphalian-system\/\" >ON THE CRIMES OF AGGRESSION AND THE ICC IN A QUASI-WESTPHALIAN SYSTEM, by \u2013 August 22, 2014 \u2013 International Justice Project \u2013 InternationalJusticeProject.com<\/a>r<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1915\u00a0 <\/strong>Japan issues the \u201c<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Twenty-One_Demands\" >Twenty-One Demands<\/a>\u201d to the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Republic_of_China_%281912%E2%80%9349%29\" >Republic of China<\/a> in a bid to increase its power in East Asia.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1913\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/First_Balkan_War\" >First Balkan War<\/a>: A <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hellenic_Navy\" >Greek<\/a> flotilla defeats the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ottoman_Navy\" >Ottoman Navy<\/a> in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Lemnos_%281913%29\" >Naval Battle of Lemnos<\/a>, securing the islands of the Northern <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aegean_Sea\" >Aegean Sea<\/a> for Greece.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Naval Battle of Lemnos:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thomo.coldie.net\/2007\/11\/05\/battle-of-lemnos-naval-battle-1913\/\" >Battle Of Lemons \u2013 Naval Battle 1913 \u2013 Thomo\u2019s Hole \u2013 Coldie.net<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.hellenicaworld.com\/Greece\/History\/en\/BattleOfLemnos.html\" >The Battle of Lemnos \u2013 HelenicaWorld.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>First Balkan War:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thenagain.info\/WebChron\/EastEurope\/FirstBalkan.html\" >The First Balkan War 1912-1913 \u2013 ThenAgain.info<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.balkanhistory.com\/balkan_war_1912.htm\" >\u201c<em>In Macedonia, the Serbian army defeated the Turks at Kumanovo that enabled it to join forces with the Montenegrins and enter Skopje. Meanwhile, the Greeks occupied Salonika and advanced on Io\u00e1nnina. In Albania, the Montenegrins besieged Shkod\u00ebr, and the Serbs entered Durr\u00ebs<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 The First Balkan War \u2013 Balkan Military History<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.hellenicaworld.com\/Greece\/History\/en\/FirstBalkanWar.html\" >First Balkan War \u2013 HellenicaWorld.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nzhistory.net.nz\/media\/photo\/first-balkan-war-1912\" >First Balkan War 1912 \u2013 NZHistory.net.nz<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tc-america.org\/resource-center\/tca-fact-sheet-the-first-balkan-war-571.htm\" >TCA Fact Sheet: The 1912-1913 Balkan Wars \u2013 Turkish Coalition of America \u2013 TC-America.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Balkan Wars:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.balkanhistory.com\/balkan_war_1912.htm\" >Balkan Military History \u2013 BalkanHistory.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Balkan_Wars\" >Balkan Wars \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Balkan-Wars\" >Balkan Wars \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/balkan-wars.html\" >Balkan Wars \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1896\u00a0 <\/strong>An <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/X-ray\" >X-ray<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/X-ray_generator\" >generating machine<\/a> is exhibited for the first time by H. L. Smith.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1884\u00a0 <\/strong>Dr <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/William_Price_%28physician%29\" >William Price<\/a> attempts to <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cremation\" >cremate<\/a> the body of his infant son, Jesus Christ Price, setting a legal precedent for cremation in the United Kingdom.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1871\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wilhelm_I_of_Germany\" >Wilhelm I of Germany<\/a> is proclaimed the first <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/German_Emperor\" >German Emperor<\/a> in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hall_of_Mirrors\" >Hall of Mirrors<\/a> of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Palace_of_Versailles\" >Palace of Versailles<\/a> (France) towards the end of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Franco-Prussian_War\" >Franco-Prussian War<\/a>. The empire is known as the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Second_Reich\" >Second Reich<\/a> to Germans.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1778\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/James_Cook\" >James Cook<\/a> is the first known European to discover the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hawaiian_Islands\" >Hawaiian Islands<\/a>, which he names the \u201cSandwich Islands\u201d.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1701\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Frederick_I_of_Prussia\" >Frederick I<\/a> crowns himself King of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Prussia\" >Prussia<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/K%C3%B6nigsberg\" >K\u00f6nigsberg<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1670\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Henry_Morgan\" >Henry Morgan<\/a> captures <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Panama\" >Panama<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Henry Morgan and the City of Panama:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.information-britain.co.uk\/famdates.php?id=1239\" >Henry Morgan Sacks Panama City \u2013 The 18<sup>th<\/sup> of January 1670 AD \u2013 Information Britain \u2013 Information-Britain.co.uk<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/latinamericanhistory.about.com\/od\/historyofthecaribbean\/a\/Captain-Morgan-And-The-Sack-Of-Panama.htm\" >Captain Morgan and the Sack of Panama, by Christopher Minster \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.archaeology.org\/issues\/79-1303\/features\/543-pirates-henry-morgan-panama-city-raid\" >Pirates of the Original Panama Canal \u2013 Arhiology.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>History of Panama:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/AppData\/Local\/Temp\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Panama\" >History of Panama \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historycentral.com\/nationbynation\/Panama\/History1.html\" >Panama History \u2013 HistoryCentral.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyworld.net\/wrldhis\/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=ab28\" >HISTORY OF PANAMA \u2013 HistoryWorld.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.caribbean-panama-real-estate.com\/panama-history.php\" >History Of Panama \u2013 Caribbean and Panama<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/panama\/history\" >Panama \u2013 History \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/panama\/\" >HISTORY \u2013 Panama \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/history.state.gov\/countries\/panama\" >A Guide to the United States\u2019 History of Recognition, Diplomatic, and Consular Relations, by Country, since 1776: Panama \u2013 OFFICE of the HISTORIAN \u2013US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-latin-america-19889251\" >Panama country profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Panama:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/geos\/pm.html\" >PANAMA \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.un.org\/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=Panama\" >Panama \u2013 UN Data<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Panama\" >Panama \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/panama.html\" >Panama \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nationsonline.org\/oneworld\/panama.htm\" >Panama \u2013 NationsOnline.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-latin-america-19888936\" >Panama profile \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Foreign Relations of Panama:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/AppData\/Local\/Temp\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_Panama\" >Foreign relations of Panama \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/AppData\/Local\/Temp\/countrystudies.us\/panama\/62.htm\" >Panama \u2013 FOREIGN RELATIONS \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cfr.org\/region\/panama\/ri340\" >Panama \u2013 Council on Foreign Relations \u2013 CFR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/r\/pa\/ei\/bgn\/2030.htm\" >US Relations with Panama \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Panama%E2%80%93United_States_relations\" >Panama-United States relations \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.photius.com\/countries\/panama\/government\/panama_government_foreign_relations.html\" >Panama FOREIGN RELATIONS \u2013 Photius.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/articles.latimes.com\/keyword\/panama-foreign-relations\" >Panama \u2013 Foreign Relations \u2013 Articles \u2013 LATimes.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Economy of Panama:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_Panama\" >Economy of Panama \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/panama-country-central-america-economy.html\" >Panama \u2013 Economy \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/country\/panama\" >Panama \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/panama\" >Panama \u2013 Data \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/panama\" >Panama \u2013 Index \u2013 THE HERITAGE FOUNDATION<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>JANUARY 19<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>2014\u00a0 <\/strong>A <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2014_Bannu_bombing\" >bomb attack<\/a> on an army convoy in the city of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bannu\" >Bannu<\/a> kills at least 26 soldiers and injures 38 others.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2012\u00a0 <\/strong>The Hong Kong-based file-sharing website <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Megaupload\" >Megaupload<\/a> is shut down by the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/FBI\" >FBI<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2007\u00a0 <\/strong>Turkish Journalist <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hrant_Dink\" >Hrant Dink<\/a> is assassinated in front of his newspaper\u2019s office by 17-year-old Turkish ultra-nationalist Og\u00fcn Samast.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2006\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/New_Horizons\" >New Horizons<\/a> probe is launched by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/NASA\" >NASA<\/a> on the first mission to <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pluto\" >Pluto<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1999\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/British_Aerospace\" >British Aerospace<\/a> agrees to acquire the defence subsidiary of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/General_Electric_Company_plc\" >General Electric Company plc<\/a>, forming <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/BAE_Systems\" >BAE Systems<\/a> in November 1999.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1997\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yasser_Arafat\" >Yasser Arafat<\/a> returns to <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hebron\" >Hebron<\/a> after more than 30 years and joins celebrations over the handover of the last Israeli-controlled <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/West_Bank\" >West Bank<\/a> city.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1996\u00a0 <\/strong>The barge <em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/North_Cape_%28ship%29\" >North Cape<\/a><\/em> oil spill occurs as an engine fire forces the tugboat <em>Scandia<\/em> ashore on Moonstone Beach in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/South_Kingstown,_Rhode_Island\" >South Kingstown, Rhode Island<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1995\u00a0 <\/strong>After being struck by lightning the crew are forced to ditch <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bristow_Flight_56C\" >Bristow Flight 56C<\/a>. All 18 aboard are later rescued.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1993\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Israel\" >Israel<\/a> recognizes <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Palestine_Liberation_Organization\" >PLO<\/a> as no longer <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cfr.org\/terrorism\/terrorist-groups-political-legitimacy\/p10159#p5\" >criminal<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Israeli-Palestine Conflict:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Israeli%E2%80%93Palestinian_conflict\" >Israeli-Palestine conflict \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cfr.org\/publication\/CGME_transcript.html\" >CRISIS GUIDE: THE ISRAELI-PALESTINE CONFLICT \u2013 Council on Foreign Relations<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.merip.org\/primer-palestine-israel-arab-israeli-conflict-new\" >Primer on Palestine, Israel, and the Arab-Israeli Conflict \u2013 Middle East Research and Information Project<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/bookzz.org\/book\/713313\/832d85\" >The Israeli-Palestine Conflict: A Documentary Record, 1967-1990, by Yuhuda Lukacs<\/a> \u2013 <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/bookzz.org\/\" >The world\u2019s largest e-book library \u2013 BookZZ.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.coldwarstudies.com\/2012\/12\/10\/palestine-israel-timeline-1977-1990\/\" >PALESTINE-ISRAEL TIMELINE: 1977 \u2013 1990, by Lisa Reynolds Wolfe, December 10, 2012 \u2013 Cold War \u2013 ColdWarStudies.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.wrmea.org\/1990-march\/1990-march-table-of-contents.html\" >March 1990 Table of Contents \u2013 Washington Report on Middle East Affairs \u2013 WRMEA.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/2\/shared\/spl\/hi\/middle_east\/03\/v3_ip_timeline\/html\/\" >A HISTORY OF CONFLICT \u2013 ISRAELI AND THE PALESTINIANS \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mideastweb.org\/timeline.htm\" >HISTORY OF ISRAELI-PALESTINIAN CONLIFCT \u2013 pdf \u2013 PBS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Timeline of Israel-Palestine Conflict:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_Israeli%E2%80%93Palestinian_conflict\" >Timeline of Israeli-Palestinian conflict \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/world\/countries\/israel-palestine-conflict\/timeline.html\" >Timeline: Israeli-Palestine Conflict 1948-2000 \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mideastweb.org\/timeline.htm\" >Timeline of Palestinian Israeli History and the Israel-Arab Conflict \u2013 MidEastWeb.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/world\/countries\/israel-palestine-conflict\/timeline.html\" >Timeline: Israeli-Palestine Conflict 1948-2000 \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/History\/time90s.html\" >Timeline of Jewish History: Modern Israel &amp; the Diaspora \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Israel:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/geos\/is.html\" >ISRAEL \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK \u2013 CIA<\/a>, <\/em><strong>or<\/strong><em> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/History\/israel_cia.pdf\" >Israel \u2013 The World Factbook \u2013 Israel \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.un.org\/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=Israel\" >Israel \u2013 UN Data<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.science.co.il\/\" >Information about Israel \u2013 Israel Science and Technology Home Page<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Israel\" >Israel \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/israel.html\" >Israel \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Israel\" >Israel \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-14628835\" >Israel country profile \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Israel\u2019s Nuclear Capability:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.wisconsinproject.org\/countries\/israel\/nuke.html\" >Israel\u2019s Nuclear Weapon Capability: An Overview \u2013 T<em>he Risk Report<\/em> \u2013 Volume 2 Number 4 (July-August 1996). \u2013 WisconsinProject.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fas.org\/nuke\/guide\/israel\/nuke\/index.html\" >\u201c<em>Israel has not confirmed that it has nuclear weapons and officially maintains that it will not be the first country to introduce nuclear weapons into the Middle East. Yet the existence of Israeli nuclear weapons is a \u201cpublic secret\u201d by now due to the declassification of large numbers of formerly highly classified US government documents which show that the United States by 1975 was convinced that Israel had nuclear weapons<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Nuclear Weapons \u2013 FAS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.lewrockwell.com\/2014\/01\/no_author\/israels-secret-nuclear-arsenal\/\" >The Truth about Israel\u2019s Secret Nuclear Arsenal, by Julian Borger \u2013 LewRockWell.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/2\/hi\/programmes\/correspondent\/2841377.stm\" >Israeli nuclear power exposed, by Olenka Frenkiel \u2013 Sunday 16 March 2003 \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fas.org\/nuke\/guide\/israel\/nuke\/farr.htm\" >THE THIRD TEMPLE\u2019S HOLY OF HOLIES: ISRAEL\u2019S NUCLEAR WEAPONS, by Warner D. Farr, LTC, U.S. Army \u2013 September 1999 \u2013 FAS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theglobeandmail.com\/news\/world\/canadian-mennonite-played-key-role-in-discovering-israels-nuclear-program\/article13193235\/\" >How Canada exposed Israel\u2019s secret nukes with help from a Mennonite, by Tu Thanh Ha \u2013 July 12, 2013 \u2013 The Globe and Mail<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2014\/jan\/15\/truth-israels-secret-nuclear-arsenal\" >The truth about Israel\u2019s nuclear arsenal, by Julian Borger \u2013 Wednesday, 15 January 2014 \u2013 The Guardian<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theindependent.co.zw\/2014\/02\/21\/israels-nuclear-hypocrisy\/\" >Israel\u2019s Nuclear Hypocrisy \u2013 February 21, 2014 \u2013 TheIndependent.co.zw<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theatlantic.com\/international\/archive\/2014\/09\/israel-nuclear-weapons-secret-united-states\/380237\/\" >Israel\u2019s Worst-Kept Secret \u2013 Sep. 16, 2014 \u2013 The Atlantic<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Foreign Relations of Israel:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mfa.gov.il\/mfa\" >Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_Israel\" >Foreign relations of Israel \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/israelforeignaffairs.com\/\" >Israeli Foreign Affairs \u2013 IsraeliForeignAffairs.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cfr.org\/region\/israel\/ri359\" >Israel \u2013 Council of Foreign Relations \u2013 CFR.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/military\/world\/israel\/forrel.htm\" >Israel \u2013 Foreign Relations \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.israelcfr.com\/about-icfr.php?inp=1\" >Israel Council on Foreign Relations \u2013 IsraelCFR.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.israelhebrew.com\/israel-foreign-relations\/\" >Israel Foreign Relations \u2013 IsraelHebrew.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.photius.com\/countries\/israel\/government\/israel_government_foreign_relations.html\" >Israel \u2013 FOREIGN RELATIONS \u2013 Photius.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/geography.about.com\/od\/politicalgeography\/a\/israeldiplomacy.htm\" >Diplomatic and Foreign Relations of Israel \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/israel\/107.htm\" >Israel and Middle Eastern States \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/articles.latimes.com\/keyword\/israel-foreign-relations\" >Articles on Israel Foreign Relations \u2013 Los Angeles Times \u2013 LATimes.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/israel\/106.htm\" >ISRAEL \u2013 Foreign Relations \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Israel -US Relations:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/r\/pa\/ei\/bgn\/3581.htm\" >US Relations With Israel \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Israel%E2%80%93United_States_relations\" >Israel-United States relations \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ifamericansknew.org\/us_ints\/history.html\" >THE HISTORY OF US-ISRAEL RELATIONS \u2013 IF AMERIANS KNEW \u2013 IfAmericansKnew.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/usforeignpolicy.about.com\/od\/countryprofi3\/p\/usisraelprofile.htm\" >The US-Israel Relationship \u2013 2. Timeline of US-Israel Relations \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Israel-Vatican Relations:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mfa.gov.il\/mfa\/foreignpolicy\/bilateral\/pages\/israel-vatican_diplomatic_relations.aspx\" >Israel-Vatican Diplomatic Relations \u2013 Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/jcpa.org\/article\/israels-relations-with-the-vatican\/\" >Israel\u2019s Relations with the Vatican, by Aharon Lopez \u2013 March 1, 1999 \u2013 Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cfr.org\/vaticanholy-see\/vatican-israel-relations\/p19344\" >Vatican-Israel Relations \u2013 Council on Foreign Relations \u2013 CFR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Holy_See%E2%80%93Israel_relations\" >Holy See-Israel relations \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rabbidavidrosen.net\/\" >VATICAN-ISRAEL RELATIONS: PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE, by David Rosen<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>History of Israel:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Israel\" >History of Israel \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.factsofisrael.com\/en\/history.shtml\" >Israel \u2013 History \u2013 FactsOfIsrael.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.israel-a-history-of.com\/\" >THE HISTORY OF ISRAEL \u2013 Israel-a-History-of. com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/history-of-Israel\" >History of Israel \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_Israeli_history\" >Timeline of Israeli history \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.zionism-israel.com\/zionism_timeline.htm\" >Timeline: Concise Chronology of Israel, Zionism and Jewish History \u2013 Zionism-Israel.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/zionismontheweb.org\/middle_east\/Israel\/timeline_of_Israel.htm\" >A TIMELINE OF ISRAEL \u2013 ZionismOnTheWeb.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-29123668\" >Israel profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Economy of Israel:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_Israel\" >Economy of Israel \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/finances.worldbank.org\/en\/countries\/Israel\" >ISRAEL \u2013 Country Summary \u2013 World Bank Group Finances<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/israel\" >Israel \u2013 Data \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tradingeconomics.com\/israel\/gdp\" >Israel GDP \u2013 TradingEconomics.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.israelemb.org\/washington\/AboutIsrael\/Economy\/Pages\/ECONOMY-Israel.aspx\" >Economy of Israel \u2013 Embassy of Israel to the United States<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/israel\" >Israel \u2013 Index \u2013 THE HERITAGE FOUNDATION<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/useconomy.about.com\/od\/worldeconomy\/p\/Israel_Economy.htm\" >Israel\u2019s Economy \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theodora.com\/wfbcurrent\/israel\/israel_economy.html\" >Israel Economy \u2013 Overview \u2013 Countries of the World \u2013 Theodora.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Zionism Movement:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/zion.html\" >Israel: Zionism \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/Zionism\/\" >Zionism \u2013 Index of Zionism \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.zionismbook.com\/\" >Zionism \u2013 The Real Enemy of the Jews \u2013 ZionismBook.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/Zionism\/firstcong.html\" >Zionist Congress: First to Twelfth Zionist Congress (1897-1921) \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Zionism\" >Zionism \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.truetorahjews.org\/zionism\" >Zionism \u2013 TrueTorahJews.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.serendipity.li\/zionism.htm\" >Zionism \u2013 Serendipity.li<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nkusa.org\/aboutus\/whatzionism.cfm\" >WHAT IS ZIONISM? JUDAISM VERSUS ZIONISM \u2013 Neturei Karta \u2013 NKUSA.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nkusa.org\/AboutUs\/Zionism\/judaism_isnot_zionism.cfm\" >JUDAISM AND ZIONISM ARE NOT THE SAME THING \u2013 Neturei Karta \u2013 NKUSA.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/dictionary.reference.com\/browse\/zionist\" >Zionism \u2013 Reference.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/zionism-israel.com\/\" >Zionism and Israel Information Center<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.thefreedictionary.com\/Zionism\" >Zionism \u2013 TheFreeDictionary.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/zionismontheweb.org\/\" >Zionism On The Web: Zionism On The Web provides definitions and facts on Israel and Zionism to combat hate, antisemitism and racism. \u2013 Learn about Zionism: Online facts to combat real world hate<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/zionism.me.uk\/\" >Zionism, Israel and me \u2013 Zionism.me.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sweetliberty.org\/issues\/israel\/zionist.html\" >Israel: THE ZIONIST STATE \u2013 SweetLiberty.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Nahalal, and Jewish Settlement:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/judaica\/ejud_0002_0014_0_14470.html\" >NAHALAL or NAHALOL \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.this-is-galilee.com\/nahalal.html\" >Nahalal: \u201cThe Mother of Moshavim\u201d \u2013 This-Is-Galilee.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/israeled.org\/nahalal-is-founded\/\" >Nahalal is Funded \u2013 Israeled.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishagency.org\/\" >The Jewish Agency for Israel \u2013 JewishAgency.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/isdf\/text\/troen.html\" >Jewish Settlement in the Land of Israel\/Palestine, by Ilan Treon (July 2011) \u2013 Israel Studies An Anthology \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>History of Zionism:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mfa.gov.il\/mfa\/aboutisrael\/state\/pages\/zionism-%20background.aspx\" >ZIONISM: Background \u2013 Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Zionism\" >History of Zionism \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mideastweb.org\/zionism.htm\" >The history of Zionism and the creation of Israel \u2013 MidEastWeb.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/zionism-israel.com\/zionism_history.htm\" >A History of Zionism \u2013 Zionism \u2013 Zionism-Israel.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.zoominfo.com\/p\/Israel-Timeline\/561158408\" >Israel Timeline \u2013 ZoomInfo.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO):<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Palestine_Liberation_Organization\" >Palestine Liberation Organization \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.palestinefacts.org\/pf_1991to_now_plo_arafat.php\" >Background: Yasser Arafat and the PLO \u2013 PalestineFacts.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/palestine-liberation-organization.html\" >Palestine Liberation Organization \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Palestine-Liberation-Organization\" >Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/military\/world\/para\/plo.htm\" >Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historylearningsite.co.uk\/modern-world-history-1918-to-1980\/the-middle-east-1917-to-1973\/the-palestinian-liberation-organisation\/\" >The Palestine Liberation Organisation \u2013 HistoryLearningSite.co.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/palestineun.org\/about-palestine\/palestine-liberation-organization\/\" >Permanent Observer Mission of the State of Palestine to the United Nations New York<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.medea.be\/en\/countries\/occupied-palestinian-territories\/eu-plo-agreement\/\" >EU-PLO Agreement \u2013 Media.be<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/results?search_query=the+Palestine+Liberation+Organization\" >YouTube videos on the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>History of the PLO:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.palestinefacts.org\/pf_1948to1967_plo_backgd.php\" >Founding the Palestine Liberation Organization \u2013 What led to the founding of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) in 1964? \u2013 PalestineFacts.org \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Text of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/avalon.law.yale.edu\/20th_century\/plocov.asp\" >Palestinian National Charter: Resolutions of the Palestine National Council July 1-17, 1968<\/a> \u2013 Avalon Project \u2013 Yale Law School<\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/Terrorism\/plo.html\" >Palestine Liberation Organization \u2013 History &amp; Overview \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/schoolworkhelper.net\/palestinian-liberation-organization-plo-history-formation\/\" >Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO): History &amp; Formation \u2013 SchoolWorkHelper.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/tech.mit.edu\/V109\/N2\/israel.02n.html\" >PLO\u2019s history of terrorism is a barrier to peace talks, by Andrew L. Fish \u2013 MIT.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PLO_in_Lebanon\" >PLO in Lebanon (1960s-1982) \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.palestinefacts.org\/pf_1991to_now_plo_fatah.php\" >What is Fatah? \u2013 PalestineFacts.org \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.factmonster.com\/country\/palestinian-state.html\" >Palestinian State (proposed) \u2013 FactMonster.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ifcj.org\/site\/PageNavigator\/sfi_about_war_plo\" >Terror Campaigns and Funding of the PLO \u2013 War, Peace &amp; Politics \u2013 International Fellowship of Christians &amp; Jews \u2013 IFCJ.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.eretzyisroel.org\/%7Esamuel\/plohistory.html\" >The history of the PLO and the International Legitimization of Terrorism \u2013 EretzYisroel.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.imninalu.net\/myths-pals.htm\" >The True Identity of the So-called Palestinians \u2013 Myths, Hypothesis and Facts \u2013 Imninal.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Palestinian_nationalism\" >Palestinian nationalism \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.targetofopportunity.com\/palestinian_truth.htm\" >The Truth About the Palestine People \u2013 TargetOfOpportunity.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.eeas.europa.eu\/delegations\/westbank\/index_en.htm\" >European Union and the Palestinians \u2013 Official Site<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2014\/12\/18\/world\/europe\/hamas-palestinian-statehood-vote-european-parliament.html?_r=0\" >European Court Reverses Designation of Hamas as a Terrorist Organization \u2013 December 18, 2014 \u2013 The New York Times \u2013 NYTimes.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/programmes\/plohistoryofrevolution\/2009\/07\/200974133438561995.html\" >Chronicling the PLO \u2013 31 Aug 2009 \u2013 Aljazeera.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1993\u00a0 <\/strong>Czech Republic and Slovakia join the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Nations\" >United Nations<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Czech Republic:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.czech.cz\/en\/Home-en\" >Czech Republic \u2013 Czech.cz<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/geos\/ez.html\" >CZECH RPUBLIC \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.un.org\/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=Czech%20Republic\" >Czech Republic \u2013 UN Data<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Czech_Republic\" >Czech Republic \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/czech-republic.html\" >Czech Republic \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Czech-Republic\" >Czech Republic \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-europe-17220018\" >Czech Republic country profile \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Czech Republic and the United Nations:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mzv.cz\/un.newyork\" >Permanent Mission of the Czech Republic to the United Nations<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.unog.ch\/unog\/website\/missions.nsf\/%28httpPermanentMissions_en%29\/7E12B397CAB92D14C1256F4100451EE0?OpenDocument&amp;unid=\" >Permanent Mission of the Czech Republic to the United Nations Office and other international organizations in Geneva<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of Czech<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_the_Czech_lands\" >History of Czech lands \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/czech-republic\/history\" >Czech Republic \u2013 History \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mzv.cz\/tripoli\/en\/general_information_about_the_czech\/history\/index.html\" >Brief History of Czech Republic \u2013 MZV.cz<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.myczechrepublic.com\/czech-history\/\" >Czech History \u2013 MyCzechRepublic.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.czech.cz\/en\/About-CZ\/Facts-about-the-Czech-Republic\/History\" >Czech Republic \u2013 History \u2013 About CZ \u2013 Czech.cz<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.datesandevents.org\/places-timelines\/13-timeline-of-the-czech-republic.htm\" >Timeline of the Czech Republic \u2013 DatesAndEvents.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.findfast.org\/history-and-events-timeline-czech-republic.htm\" >Czech Republic History Timeline &amp; Facts \u2013 FindFast.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-europe-17220571\" >Czech Republic \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Slovakia:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/geos\/lo.html\" >SLOVAKIA \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.un.org\/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=Slovakia\" >Slovakia \u2013 UN Data<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Slovakia\" >Slovakia \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/slovakia.html\" >Slovakia \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Slovakia\" >Slovakia \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-europe-17847682\" >Slovakia country profile \u2013 Overview \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Slovakia and the United Nations:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/foursquare.com\/v\/permanent-mission-of-slovakia-to-the-united-nations\/50c8b576e4b033901871a5a9\" >Permanent Mission of Slovakia to the United Nations, New York<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.unog.ch\/unog\/website\/missions.nsf\/%28httpPermanentMissions_en%29\/751E34F1EE9FB9ECC1256F4100452057?OpenDocument&amp;unid=\" >Permanent Mission of Slovakia to the United Nations Office and other international organizations in Geneva<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>History of Slovakia:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Slovakia\" >History of Slovakia \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.slovakia.org\/history.htm\" >Slovakia \u2013 History \u2013 Slovakia.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.slovak-republic.org\/history\/\" >History \u2013 Slovak Republic \u2013 Slovak-Republic.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.slovakiasite.com\/history.php\" >History of Slovakia \u2013 SlovakiaSite.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/slovakia\/history\" >Slovakia \u2013 History \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/slovakia-history.html\" >Slovakia \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.localhistories.org\/slovakia.html\" >A BRIEF HISTORY OF SLOVAKIA \u2013 LocalHistories.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.slovakia.org\/history-summary.htm\" >An Overview of the Major Events in Slovak History \u2013 Slovakia.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.fcsla.org\/slovak.shtml\" >The Culture and History of Slovakia \u2013 First Catholic Slovak Ladies Association \u2013 FCSLA.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.everyculture.com\/Sa-Th\/Slovakia.html\" >Culture of Slovakia \u2013 EveryCulture.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.academia.edu\/People\/History_of_Slovakia\" >History of Slovakia \u2013 Academia.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.slovak-jewish-heritage.org\/history-of-jews-in-slovakia.html\" >An Overview of the History of Jews in Slovakia \u2013 Slovak-Jewish-Heritage.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.iabsi.com\/gen\/public\/history.htm\" >Slovak History for Genealogical Researchers \u2013 IABSI.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-europe-17848213\" >Slovakia profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1991\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gulf_War\" >Gulf War<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Iraq\" >Iraq<\/a> fires a second <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Scud\" >Scud<\/a> missile into <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Israel\" >Israel<\/a>, causing 15 injuries.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>1991 Gulf War and Its Timeline:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/persian-gulf-war\" >PERSIAN GULF WAR \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gulf_War\" >Gulf War \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/usatoday30.usatoday.com\/news\/index\/iraq\/nirq050.htm\" >1991 Gulf War chronology \u2013 USAToday.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/ipa\/A0001293.html\" >Persian Gulf War (Jan. 16, 1991-April 6, 1991) \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_Gulf_War\" >Timeline of the Gulf War \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/gulfwar1991.blogspot.com\/2010\/11\/persian-gulf-war-timeline.html\" >Persian Gulf War Timeline \u2013 PERSIAN GULF WAR<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyrocket.com\/World-War\/persian-gulf-war\/Persian-Gulf-War-Timeline.html\" >Persian Gulf War Timeline \u2013 HistoryRocket.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.warchronicle.com\/iraq\/news\/timeline_two_wars.htm\" >Gulf War to Iraq War: 2 August 1990-19 March 2003 \u2013 WarChronical.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Iraq\u2019s Scud Missile Attack on Israel:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/worldhistoryproject.org\/1991\/1\/18\/saddam-hussein-orders-the-launch-of-scud-missiles-against-israel\" >Jan 18 1991: Saddam Hussein Orders the Launch of SCUD Missiles Against Israel \u2013 WorldHistoryProject.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.thejc.com\/news\/on-day\/43832\/on-day-iraq-attacks-israel\" >On this day: Iraq attacks Israel \u2013 January 18, 1991: Scud missiles hit Israel, by Jennifer Lipman \u2013 January 18, 2011 \u2013 THE JEWISH CHRONICAL ONLINE \u2013 TheJC.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/articles.chicagotribune.com\/1991-01-19\/news\/9101060176_1_scud-missile-iraqi-held-kuwait-allied-warplanes\" >New Iraqi Attack on Israel, by Terry Atlas and David Evans \u2013 January 19, 1991 \u2013 Chicago Tribune \u2013 ChicagoTribune.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rand.org\/content\/dam\/rand\/pubs\/monograph_reports\/MR1408\/MR1408.ch3.pdf\" >COALLITION SCUD-HUNTING IN IRAQ, 1991 \u2013 pdf \u2013 Rand.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1991_in_Israel\" >1991 in Israel \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/onthisday\/hi\/dates\/stories\/january\/18\/newsid_4588000\/4588486.stm\" >ON THIS DAY: 18 January 1991: Iraq Scud missiles hit Israel \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jpost.com\/Features\/In-Thespotlight\/This-Week-in-History-Saddam-terrorizes-Israel\" >This Week in History: Saddam Hussein terrorizes Israel, by Michael Omer-Man \u2013 01\/15\/2015 \u2013 The Jerusalem Post \u2013 JPost.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.c-span.org\/video\/?15884-1\/israeli-response-scud-attack\" >Israeli Response to SCUD Attack \u2013 January 17, 1991 \u2013 C-SPAN<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fresnozionism.org\/2009\/05\/the-scuds-of-1991-and-jewish-self-defense\/\" >Scuds of 1991 and Jewish self-defense \u2013 FresnoZionism.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Scud\" >Scud \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1986\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brainyhistory.com\/events\/1986\/january_19_1986_158693.html\" >Israeli premier Simon Peres visits Netherlands<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Simon Peres:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shimon_Peres\" >Simon Peres \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.peres-center.org\/shimon_peres\" >Simon Peres Center \u2013 Peres-Center.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1983\u00a0 <\/strong>The first <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/IBM_PC\" >IBM PC<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Computer_virus\" >computer virus<\/a> is released into the wild. A boot sector virus dubbed <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Brain_%28computer_virus%29\" >(c)Brain<\/a>, it was created by the Farooq Alvi Brothers in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lahore\" >Lahore<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pakistan\" >Pakistan<\/a>, reportedly to deter piracy of the software they had written.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1983\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Apple_Lisa\" >Apple Lisa<\/a>, the first commercial <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Personal_computer\" >personal computer<\/a> from <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Apple_Inc.\" >Apple Inc.<\/a> to have a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Graphical_user_interface\" >graphical user interface<\/a> and a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Computer_mouse\" >computer mouse<\/a>, is announced.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1983\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nazi\" >Nazi<\/a> war criminal <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Klaus_Barbie\" >Klaus Barbie<\/a> is arrested in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bolivia\" >Bolivia<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Klaus Barbie:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.biography.com\/people\/klaus-barbie-9198549\" >Klaus Barbie \u2013 Biography.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/crime.about.com\/od\/murder\/p\/db_barbie.htm\" >Klaus Barbie, by Charles Montaldo \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.holocaustresearchproject.org\/nazioccupation\/barbie.html\" >Klaus Barbie \u2013 The Butcher of Lyon \u2013 Holocaust Education &amp; Archive Research Team \u2013 HolocaustResearchProject.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.deathcamps.info\/Nazis\/page_12.htm\" >Klaus Barbie \u2013 The SS Man \u2013 DeathCamps.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.writing.upenn.edu\/%7Eafilreis\/Holocaust\/barbie.html\" >Klaus Barbie: women testify of torture at his hands \u2013 Literature of the Holocaust \u2013 UPenn.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Klaus-Barbie\" >Klaus Barbie \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/Holocaust\/Barbie.html\" >Klaus Barbie (1913-1991) \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/Holocaust\/barbietrial.html\" >Nazi War Crimes Trials: Klaus Barbie (May 1987) \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1981\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Iran_hostage_crisis\" >Iran hostage crisis<\/a>: United States and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Iran\" >Iranian<\/a> officials sign an agreement to release 52 American hostages after 14 months of captivity.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Iran Hostage Crisis:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/history.state.gov\/departmenthistory\/short-history\/iraniancrises\" >The Iranian Hostage Crisis \u2013 OFFICE of the HISTORIAN \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/middleeast.about.com\/od\/usmideastpolicy\/a\/me090413a.htm\" >The Iranian Hostage Crisis, 1979-1981: Origins and Background \u2013 A 444 Day Crisis That Demolished the Carter Presidency \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyguy.com\/iran-us_hostage_crisis.html\" >Iran-US Hostage Crisis (1979-1981) \u2013 The History Guy \u2013 HistoryGuy.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/iran-hostage-crisis.html\" >Iran Hostage Crisis \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/worldhistoryproject.org\/topics\/iran-hostage-crisis\" >Iran Hostage Crisis \u2013 WHP \u2013 WorldHistoryProject.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/wgbh\/americanexperience\/features\/general-article\/carter-hostage-crisis\/\" >The Iranian Hostage Crisis: November 1979-Janaurary 1981 \u2013 AMERICAN EXPERIENCE<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.umbc.edu\/che\/tahlessons\/pdf\/The_Iran_Hostage_Crisis%28PrinterFriendly%29.pdf\" >The Iranian Hostage Crisis \u2013 pdf \u2013 UMBC.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=sc_lEHJe8ko\" >Iran Hostage Crisis 1979-1981 \u2013 YouTube video (9 min. 59 sec.)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Timelines of the Iranian Hostage Crisis:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/iranhostagecrisisnhdwcta.weebly.com\/timeline.html\" >IRAN HOSTAGE CRISIS \u2013 Timeline \u2013 IranHostageCrisisNHDWWCTA.Weebly.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/iran-hostagecrisis1979.weebly.com\/timeline.html\" >IRAN HOSTAGE CRISIS \u2013 TIMELINE \u2013 Iran-HostageCrisis1979.Weebly.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/quizlet.com\/34306666\/iranian-hostage-crisis-timeline-flash-cards\/\" >Iranian Hostage Crisis Timeline \u2013 Quizlet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1978\u00a0 <\/strong>The last <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Volkswagen_Beetle\" >Volkswagen Beetle<\/a> made in Germany leaves VW\u2019s plant in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Emden\" >Emden<\/a>. Beetle production in Latin America continues until 2003.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1977\u00a0 <\/strong>Snow falls in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Miami\" >Miami<\/a>. This is the only time in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Miami\" >history of the city<\/a> that snow has fallen. It also fell in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Bahamas\" >The Bahamas<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1977\u00a0 <\/strong>President <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gerald_Ford\" >Gerald Ford<\/a> pardons <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Iva_Toguri_D%27Aquino\" >Iva Toguri D\u2019Aquino<\/a> (a.k.a. \u201c<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tokyo_Rose\" >Tokyo Rose<\/a>\u201c).<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Tokyo Rose:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.eyewitnesstohistory.com\/vorose.htm\" >\u201c<em>\u2019<\/em><em>Tokyo Rose\u2019 was the name given by American GIs to nearly a dozen women of American descent who broadcast propaganda for the Japanese during World War II. Iva Toguri D\u2019Aquino was one of them<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Tokyo Rose broadcasts to American troops in the Pacific \u2013 August 14, 1944.<strong> \u2013 <\/strong>Voices of the 20<sup>th<\/sup> Century<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/time.com\/3667057\/tokyo-rose\/\" >\u201c <em>19, 1977: President Ford pardons Iva Toguri d\u2019Aquino, the Japanese-American woman known as Tokyo Rose\u201d \u2013 How Tokyo Rose Was Convicted of Treason-And Then Pardoned<\/em>\u201d, by Jennifer Latson \u2013 Jan. 19, 2015 \u2013 TIME \u2013 TIME.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.biography.com\/people\/tokyo-rose-37481\" >Tokyo Rose \u2013 Biography.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/forejustice.org\/wc\/tr\/tokyo_rose_040503.htm\" >\u2018Tokyo Rose\u2019 Was Innocent! ,by Hans Sherrer \u2013 ForeJustice.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1975\u00a0 <\/strong>An <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1975_Kinnaur_earthquake\" >earthquake strikes<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Himachal_Pradesh\" >Himachal Pradesh<\/a>, India<\/p>\n<p><strong>1974\u00a0 <\/strong>China gain control over all the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Paracel_Islands\" >Paracel Islands<\/a> after <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_the_Paracel_Islands\" >a military engagement<\/a> between the naval forces of the People\u2019s Republic of China and Republic of Vietnam (<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/South_Vietnam\" >South Vietnam<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Paracel Islands Dispute:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_the_Paracel_Islands\" >\u201c<em>The <\/em><strong><em>Battle of the Paracel Islands<\/em><\/strong><em> was a military engagement between the naval forces of the People\u2019s Republic of China (PRC) and those of the Republic of Vietnam (South Vietnam) in the Paracel Islands on January 19, 1974. The battle was an effort of the Republic of Vietnam Navy to expel the People\u2019s Liberation Army\u2019s naval vessels from the vicinity of some of the Paracels<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Battle of the Parcel Islands \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thediplomat.com\/2014\/01\/lessons-from-the-battle-of-the-paracel-islands\/\" >Lessons from the Battle of the Paracel Islands \u2013 TheDiplomant.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.blatantworld.com\/disputed-territory\/paracel-islands-territorial-dispute\/\" >Paracel Islands \u2013 Territorial Dispute \u2013 BlatantWorld.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/worldstatesmen.org\/Paracel_Spratly.html\" >Paracel Islands \u2013 WorldStatesmen.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mevietnam.org\/lanhtho-lanhhai\/feer-dispute.html\" >Paracel Islands Dispute, by Frank Ching \u2013 Feb. 10, 1994 \u2013 MeVietnam.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nghiencuubiendong.vn\/en\/publications\/vietnamese-publications\/698-a-legal-analysis-in-support-of-viet-nams-position-regarding-the-paracel-a-spratly-islands\" >A legal analysis in support of Viet Nam\u2019s position regarding the Paracel &amp; Spratly Islands \u2013 Monday, 28 May 2012 \u2013 EAST SEA (SOUTH CHINA SEA) STUDIES<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1969\u00a0 <\/strong>Student <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jan_Palach\" >Jan Palach<\/a> dies after setting himself on fire three days earlier in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Prague\" >Prague<\/a>\u2018s <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wenceslas_Square\" >Wenceslas Square<\/a> to protest about the invasion of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Czechoslovakia\" >Czechoslovakia<\/a> by the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soviet_Union\" >Soviet Union<\/a> in 1968. His funeral turns into another major protest.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1960\u00a0 <\/strong>The United States government and the Japanese government sign the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Treaty_of_Mutual_Cooperation_and_Security_between_the_United_States_and_Japan\" >Security Treaty between the United States and Japan of 1960<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Security Treaty between the United States and Japan of 1960, and the Status of Forces Agreement (SOFA) of 1960:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Treaty_of_Mutual_Cooperation_and_Security_between_the_United_States_and_Japan\" >Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security between the United States and Japan \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/afe.easia.columbia.edu\/ps\/japan\/mutual_cooperation_treaty.pdf\" >\u201c<em>At the peace negotiations in 1951, the Japanese delegation was pressured to endorse a separate security agreement with the United States. The Japanese were reluctant to accept this ongoing subordination to America, but had no choice but to acquiesce, signing the U.S.- Japan Security Treaty on the same day (September 8, 1951) as the San Francisco Peace Treaty. The Security Treaty was revised and renewed in 1960 and almost 50,000 American troops are still stationed in Japan today<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 <em>TREATY OF MUTUAL COOPERATION AND SECURITY BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND JAPAN<\/em><em>,<\/em> SIGNED JANUARY 19, 1960 \u2013 Introduction and the full text of the Treaty<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/U.S.%E2%80%93Japan_Status_of_Forces_Agreement\" >US-Japan Status of Forces Agreement \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mofa.go.jp\/region\/n-america\/us\/security\/agree0009.html\" >Text of the <em>Status of Forces Agreement between the United States and Japan<\/em>, signed January 19, 1960<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fas.org\/sgp\/crs\/natsec\/RL34531.pdf\" >Status of Forces Agreement (SOFA): What Is It, and How Has It Been Utilized? \u2013 R. Chuck Mason \u2013 Legislative Attorney \u2013 March 15, 2012 \u2013 Congressional Research Service \u2013 FAS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/dbpedia.org\/page\/U.S.%E2%80%93Japan_Status_of_Forces_Agreement\" >About: US-Japan Status of Forces Agreement \u2013 DBPedia.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/military\/facility\/sofa.htm\" >Status-of-Forces Agreement [SOFA] \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.natlawreview.com\/article\/status-forces-agreements-sofa-agreements-primer\" >Status of Forces Agreements (SOFA Agreements) \u2013 A Premier \u2013 The National Law Review<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sourcewatch.org\/index.php?title=Status_of_forces_agreement\" >Status of forces agreement \u2013 SourcesWatch.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/lawdigitalcommons.bc.edu\/cgi\/viewcontent.cgi?article=1059&amp;context=iclr\" >A RE-EXAMINATION OF THE UNITED STATES AND JAPAN STATUS OF FORCES AGREEMENT, Lan Roberts McConnel \u2013 BC.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tsuyoshi.or.jp\/agreement\/pdf\/0003.pdf\" >Questionnaire on the Japan-US Status of Forces Agreement<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/japanfocus.org\/-C__Douglas-Lummis\/2933\/article.html\" >The US-Japan Status of Forces Agreement and Okinawan Anger, by C. Douglas Lummis \u2013 JapanFocus.org<\/a>, <strong><em>or the same article on this website: <\/em><\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tokyoprogressive.org\/content\/us-japan-status-forces-agreement-and-okinawan-anger\" >The US-Japan Status of Forces Agreement and Okinawan Anger \u2013 TokyoProgressive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tokyoprogressive.org\/content\/us-japan-status-forces-agreement-and-okinawan-anger\" >Application of US Status of Forces Agreements to Article 98 of the Rome Statute \u2013 Erik Rosenfeld \u2013 WUSTL.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/digitalcommons.law.umaryland.edu\/cgi\/viewcontent.cgi?article=1027&amp;context=mscas\" >US Status of Forces Agreements With Asian Countries: Selected Studies, Charles L. Cochran and Hungdah Chiu \u2013 School of Law, University of Maryland \u2013 Occasional Papers\/Reprints Series in Contemporary Asian Studies \u2013 Number 7 \u2013 1979 (28)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Security Treaty between the United States and Japan of 1951:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/ocw.mit.edu\/ans7870\/21f\/21f.027\/tokyo_1960\/anp2_essay01.html\" >\u201c<em>The Treaty of Peace with Japan, popularly known as the San Francisco Peace Treaty, was signed by Japan and 47 other nations in September 1951, laying out the terms, widely regarded as generous, for Japan to resume sovereignty in 1952. Only a few hours later on the same day, however, Japan signed a second, bilateral security treaty with the United States. This established the terms of a continued military alliance between the two countries, and locked Japan firmly within the orbit of U.S. cold-war strategy<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Tokyo 1960: Days of Rage and Grief<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/avalon.law.yale.edu\/20th_century\/japan001.asp\" >Text of the Security Treaty Between the United States and Japan; September 8, 1951 \u2013 Avalon Project \u2013 Yale Law School<\/a>, or <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/afe.easia.columbia.edu\/ps\/japan\/bilateral_treaty.pdf\" >the same text on this website<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/office.nanzan-u.ac.jp\/cie\/gaiyo\/kiyo\/pdf_09\/kenkyu_03.pdf\" >Legacy of World War II, Legacy of the United States Occupation \u2013 Evolution of Japan\u2019s Foreign Policy, by David M. Potter<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cfr.org\/japan\/us-japan-security-alliance\/p31437\" >\u201c<em>Signed in 1951 alongside the Treaty of San Francisco that ended World War II, the original U.S.-Japan Mutual Security Treaty was a ten-year, renewable military agreemen<\/em><em>t<\/em>\u2026\u201d \u2013 US \u2013 Japan Defense Treaty \u2013 The US-Japan Security Alliance, by Beina Xu \u2013 CFR Backgrounders \u2013 CFR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.learner.org\/workshops\/primarysources\/coldwar\/docs\/usjapan.html\" >US and Japan Mutual Defense Assistance Agreement (March 4, 1954)<\/a> <strong><em>and\/or<\/em><\/strong> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cfr.org\/japan\/us-japan-mutual-defense-assistance-agreement-1954\/p10440\" >\u201c<em>Building on the Mutual Security Treaty of 1951 between the United States and Japan, this treaty provided for the presence of U.S. armed forces in Japan \u2018in the interest of peace and security\u2019 and called for Japan to assume greater responsibility for its defense, \u2018always avoiding armament which could be an offensive threat or serve other than to promote peace and security<\/em>\u2026\u2019.\u201d \u2013 US-Japan Mutual Defense Assistance Agreement, 1954 \u2013 CFR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.japan-press.co.jp\/modules\/common\/download.php?path=\/home\/jpspress\/japan-press.co.jp\/public_html\/modules\/special_issues\/data\/1353913030.pdf&amp;name=2011_08%20Illusion%20of%20%E2%80%98equality%E2%80%99.pdf\" >\u201c<em>The revision of the 1951 Japan-U.S. Security Treaty was initially proposed in order to erase \u201cthe Japanese feeling of inequality\u201d (\u201cUnited States Overseas Military Bases, Report to the President\u201d by Frank C. Nash, December 1957). This demonstrates the unequalness of the security treaty between Japan and the United States. Originally, the security treaty was an unequal treaty between the victorious United States and the defeated Japan that unconditionally surrendered. This is the root of Japan\u2019s subordinate relation with the U.S. In contrast, Germany, another defeated nation, under the multilateral treaty framework of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, has not been subordinated to the extent that the United States wanted it to be<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Illusion of \u2018equality\u2019- Alliance of Subordination \u2013 Half Century of Japan-US Security Treaty<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nps.edu\/Academics\/Centers\/CCC\/PASCC\/Publications\/2014\/2014%20004%20Japan%20Politicization.pdf\" >\u201c<em>This report is the product of collaboration between the Naval Postgraduate \u2026 Japan and the United States are arguably each other\u2019s most \u2026 Since the two countries\u2019 signing of their Mutual Security Treaty in 1951, Japan has<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Political Influence on Japan\u2019s Nuclear and Security Policy: New Force Face Large Obstacles, by Yuki Tatsumi and Dr. Robert Weiner<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1957\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/High-altitude_nuclear_explosion\" >atmospheric nuclear test<\/a>, launched from <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kapustin_Yar\" >Kapstin Yar<\/a>, Astrakhan, USSR. <em>See<\/em> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1957_Soviet_nuclear_tests\" >1957 Soviet nuclear tests \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Soviet Atmospheric Nuclear Tests:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovatmtest.html\" >Soviet Atmospheric Tests \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/zvis.com\/nuclear\/ndb\/ussrnuks.shtml\" >USSR Atmospheric Nuclear Tests Database \u2013 Zvis.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovwpnprog.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/tests\/USSR-ntestsS.html\" >Database of nuclear tests, USSR\/Russia: overview \u2013 JohnstonArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/soviet_nuclear_testing_semipalatinsk_20th_anniversary\/24311518.html\" >Slow Death of Kazakhstan\u2019s Land Of Nuclear Tests \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty \u2013 RFRL.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/large.stanford.edu\/courses\/2014\/ph241\/powell2\/docs\/vakulchuk.pdf\" >Semipalitinsk nuclear testing: the humanitarian consequences \u2013 Norwegian Institute of International Affairs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thebulletin.org\/lasting-toll-semipalatinsks-nuclear-testing\" >The lasting toll of Semipalitinsk\u2019s nuclear testing \u2013 TheBulletin.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/12566948_External_doses_of_residents_near_Semipalatinsk_nuclear_test_site\" >External Doses of Residents near Semipalitinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 ResearchGate.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.irpa.net\/irpa10\/cdrom\/00504.pdf\" >Radiation Exposure on Residents due to Semipalitinsk Nuclear Tests \u2013 IRPA.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1949\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cuba\" >Cuba<\/a> recognizes <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Israel\" >Israel<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Cuba-Israel Relations:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_Israel#Cuba\" >Cuba-Israel \u2013 Foreign relations of Israel \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_Cuba#Israel\" >Israel-Cuba \u2013 Foreign relations of Cuba \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/vjw\/Cuba.html\" >Cuba \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.israelnationalnews.com\/Articles\/Article.aspx\/16171\" >Op-Ed: Cuba and Israel \u2013 IsraelNationalNews.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldjewishdaily.com\/cuba-and-israel.php\" >A New Chapter in Israel-Cuba Relations \u2013 WorldJewishDaily.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jpost.com\/Operation-Protective-Edge\/Cubas-Castro-rails-against-Palestinian-Holocaust-in-Gaza-370239\" >\u201c<em>Former Cuban leader Fidel Castro described Israel\u2019s offensive in Gaza as a \u201cnew, repugnant form of fascism.\u201d Castro made his comments in a column published Tuesday in the<\/em> Granma <em>newspaper, the official newspaper of the Central Committee of the Cuban Communist Party, titled \u2018Palestinian Holocaust in Gaza<\/em>.\u2019\u201d \u2013 Castro\u2019s Cuba rails against \u2018Palestinian Holocaust\u2019 in Gaza \u2013 08\/06\/2014 \u2013 The Jerusalem Post \u2013 JPost.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Foreign Relations of Cuba:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_Cuba\" >Foreign relations of Cuba \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cfr.org\/region\/cuba\/ri327\" >Cuba \u2013 Council of Foreign Relations \u2013 CFR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldlibrary.org\/articles\/Foreign_relations_of_Cuba\" >FOREIGN RELATIONS OF CUBA \u2013 WORLD PUBLIC LIBRARY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/bwcentral.org\/2015\/03\/the-council-of-foreign-relations-and-cuba\/\" >THE COUNCIL OF FOREIGN RELATOINS OF CUBA \u2013 BWCentral.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Cuba or the \u201cRepublic of Cuba\u201d (Rep\u00falica de Cuba):<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/geos\/cu.html\" >CUBA \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cuba\" >Cuba \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Cuba\" >Cuba \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/cuba.html\" >Cuba \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-latin-america-19583447\" >Cuba profile \u2013 Overview \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/americas\/cuba\" >Cuba \u2013 Human Rights Watch<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History and Culture of Cuba:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Cuba\" >History of Cuba \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.thecubanhistory.com\/\" >The Cuban History<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/cuba-history.html\" >Cuba \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyofcuba.com\/cuba.htm\" >500 YEARS OF CUBAN HISTORY \u2013 HistoryOfCuba.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/cubahistory.org\/\" >History of Cuban Nation, from Colonial Days to the Present<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldtravelguide.net\/cuba\/history-language-culture\" >Cuba History, Language and Culture \u2013 World Travel Guide<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_Cuban_history\" >Timeline of Cuban history \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-latin-america-19576144\" >Cuba profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Culture_of_Cuba\" >Culture of Cuba \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/cubaheritage.com\/\" >CUBAN CULTURE, by CubaHeritage<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cubaheritage.org\/default.asp?lID=1\" >Cuba Heritage<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Economy of Cuba:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_Cuba\" >Economy of Cuba \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/military\/world\/cuba\/economy.htm\" >Cuba\u2019s Economy \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/cuba-economy.html\" >Cuba \u2013 Economy \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sjsu.edu\/faculty\/watkins\/cuba.htm\" >The Economic History and Economy of Cuba \u2013 Department of Economics \u2013 San Jos\u00e9 State University<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tradingeconomics.com\/cuba\/indicators\" >Cuba | Economic Indications \u2013 TradingEconomics.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/cuba\" >Cuba \u2013 Data \u2013 World Bank<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Israel:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/geos\/is.html\" >ISRAEL \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK \u2013 CIA<\/a>, <\/em><strong>or<\/strong><em> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/History\/israel_cia.pdf\" >Israel \u2013 The World Factbook \u2013 Israel \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.un.org\/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=Israel\" >Israel \u2013 UN Data<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.science.co.il\/\" >Information about Israel \u2013 Israel Science and Technology Home Page<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Israel\" >Israel \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/israel.html\" >Israel \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Israel\" >Israel \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-14628835\" >Israel country profile \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>History of Israel:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Israel\" >History of Israel \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.factsofisrael.com\/en\/history.shtml\" >Israel \u2013 History \u2013 FactsOfIsrael.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.israel-a-history-of.com\/\" >THE HISTORY OF ISRAEL \u2013 Israel-a-History-of. com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/history-of-Israel\" >History of Israel \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_Israeli_history\" >Timeline of Israeli history \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.zionism-israel.com\/zionism_timeline.htm\" >Timeline: Concise Chronology of Israel, Zionism and Jewish History \u2013 Zionism-Israel.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/zionismontheweb.org\/middle_east\/Israel\/timeline_of_Israel.htm\" >A TIMELINE OF ISRAEL \u2013 ZionismOnTheWeb.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-29123668\" >Israel profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Foreign Relations of Israel:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mfa.gov.il\/mfa\" >Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_Israel\" >Foreign relations of Israel \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/israelforeignaffairs.com\/\" >Israeli Foreign Affairs \u2013 IsraeliForeignAffairs.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cfr.org\/region\/israel\/ri359\" >Israel \u2013 Council of Foreign Relations \u2013 CFR.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/military\/world\/israel\/forrel.htm\" >Israel \u2013 Foreign Relations \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.israelcfr.com\/about-icfr.php?inp=1\" >Israel Council on Foreign Relations \u2013 IsraelCFR.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.israelhebrew.com\/israel-foreign-relations\/\" >Israel Foreign Relations \u2013 IsraelHebrew.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.photius.com\/countries\/israel\/government\/israel_government_foreign_relations.html\" >Israel \u2013 FOREIGN RELATIONS \u2013 Photius.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/geography.about.com\/od\/politicalgeography\/a\/israeldiplomacy.htm\" >Diplomatic and Foreign Relations of Israel \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/israel\/107.htm\" >Israel and Middle Eastern States \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/articles.latimes.com\/keyword\/israel-foreign-relations\" >Articles on Israel Foreign Relations \u2013 Los Angeles Times \u2013 LATimes.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/israel\/106.htm\" >ISRAEL \u2013 Foreign Relations \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Economy of Israel:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_Israel\" >Economy of Israel \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/finances.worldbank.org\/en\/countries\/Israel\" >ISRAEL \u2013 Country Summary \u2013 World Bank Group Finances<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/israel\" >Israel \u2013 Data \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tradingeconomics.com\/israel\/gdp\" >Israel GDP \u2013 TradingEconomics.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.israelemb.org\/washington\/AboutIsrael\/Economy\/Pages\/ECONOMY-Israel.aspx\" >Economy of Israel \u2013 Embassy of Israel to the United States<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/israel\" >Israel \u2013 Index \u2013 THE HERITAGE FOUNDATION<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/useconomy.about.com\/od\/worldeconomy\/p\/Israel_Economy.htm\" >Israel\u2019s Economy \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theodora.com\/wfbcurrent\/israel\/israel_economy.html\" >Israel Economy \u2013 Overview \u2013 Countries of the World \u2013 Theodora.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1946\u00a0 <\/strong>General <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Douglas_MacArthur\" >Douglas MacArthur<\/a> establishes the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/International_Military_Tribunal_for_the_Far_East\" >International Military Tribunal for the Far East<\/a> in Tokyo to try Japanese <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/War_crime\" >war criminals<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1945\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Red_Army\" >Soviet<\/a> forces liberate the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%C5%81%C3%B3d%C5%BA_Ghetto\" >\u0141\u00f3d\u017a Ghetto<\/a>. Of more than 200,000 inhabitants in 1940, less than 900 had survived the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nazism\" >Nazi<\/a> occupation.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u0141\u00f3d\u017a Ghetto:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%C5%81%C3%B3d%C5%BA_Ghetto#Rescue_efforts\" >\u201c<em>Several hundred survivors emerged from hiding when the Soviets rolled into the city, which indicates that many more Polish people were willing to risk their lives \u2013 and the lives of their families \u2013 to save Jews from the Nazis<\/em>\u201d \u2013 Rescue efforts \u2013 \u0141\u00f3d\u017a Ghetto \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ushmm.org\/research\/research-in-collections\/search-the-collections\/bibliography\/lodz-ghetto\" >\u0141\u00d3D\u0179 GHETTO \u2013 UNITED STATES HOLOCAUST MEMORIAM MUSEUM<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/history1900s.about.com\/od\/holocaust\/a\/lodzghetto.htm\" >Lodz Ghetto, by Jennifer Rosenberg \u2013 About Education \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.renewnyc.org\/content\/rfps\/NonProfit\/AttachmentJewishGen.pdf\" >Lodz \u2013 Names: A Record of the 240,000 Inhabitants of the \u0141\u00f3d\u017a Ghetto \u2013 Lodz Ghetto Database \u2013 RenewNYC.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishgen.org\/databases\/Poland\/LodzGhettoVol5.html\" >\u0141\u00f3d\u017a Ghetto \u2013 Volume Five \u2013 Database \u2013 JewishGen.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/digital.library.du.edu\/librariespresents\/exhibits\/show\/the-lowenstein-family\/item\/4131\" >Letter from \u0141\u00f3d\u017a Ghetto \u2013 DU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lodz-ghetto.com\/\" >Lodz Ghetto \u2013 Map of the Lodz Ghetto \u2013 Lodz-Ghetto.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/playlist?list=PL09389753E0DF781F\" >\u0141\u00f3d\u017a Ghetto videos, by Alan Heath \u2013 YouTube<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=29ZjQzzCBnA\" >The \u0141\u00f3d\u017a Ghetto \u2013 YouTube video (8 min. 19 sec.)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.museumoffamilyhistory.com\/ce\/ghetto\/lodz-ghetto-cemetery.htm\" >The Ghetto Cemetery \u2013 The Jewish Ghetto \u2013 MuseumOfFamilyHistory.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/holocaust.umd.umich.edu\/interview.php?D=furdonski&amp;section=22\" >\u0141\u00f3d\u017a Ghetto \u2013 Nancy Fordonski \u2013 May 29, 1982 \u2013 UMich.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/holocaustmusic.ort.org\/places\/ghettos\/lodz\/\" >\u0141\u00f3d\u017a \u2013 Music and the Holocaust \u2013 HolocaustMusic.ort.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishgen.org\/databases\/Poland\/LodzGhetto.html\" >Lodz-Names: A Record of the 240,000 Inhabitants of the \u0141\u00f3d\u017a Ghetto \u2013 JewishGen.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tumblr.com\/search\/%C5%81%C3%B3d%C5%BA+Ghetto\" >\u0141\u00f3d\u017a Ghetto: Radegast Bahanof \u2013 Tumblr.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.holocaustresearchproject.org\/ghettos\/Lodz\/lodzghetto.html\" >The Lodz Ghetto \u2013 1940-1944 \u2013 Holocaust Education &amp; Archive Research Team \u2013 HolocaustResearchProject.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ago.net\/memory-unearthed-the-lodz-ghetto\" >Memory Unearthed: The Lodz Ghetto Photographs of Henryk Ross \u2013 AGO.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.deathcamps.org\/occupation\/lodz%20ghetto.html\" >Lodz Ghetto \u2013 DeathCamps.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/search.ancestry.com\/search\/db.aspx?dbid=5825\" >Poland, \u0141\u00f3d\u017a ghetto Register Book, 1939-1944 (USHMM) \u2013 Anscestry.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1942\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: Japanese forces invade <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Burma\" >Burma<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Japan\u2019s Invasion of Burma:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Japanese_conquest_of_Burma\" >Japanese conquest of Burma \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Japanese_occupation_of_Burma\" >Japanese occupation of Burma \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/teachingamericanhistory.org\/static\/neh\/interactives\/wwii\/lesson1\/data\/09.html\" >15 January 1942 \u2013 Japanese Launch Invasion of Burma \u2013 TeachingAmericanHistory.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.army.mil\/brochures\/burma42\/burma42.htm\" >BURMA 1942 \u2013 History.Army.mil<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.realclearhistory.com\/2014\/01\/20\/imperial_japan039s_conquest_of_burma_1300.html\" >Imperial Japan\u2019s Conquest of Burma, by John Rickard \u2013 RealClearHistory.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/history\/worldwars\/wwtwo\/ff4_burmacampaign.shtml\" >Burma Campaign, by Bruce Robinson \u2013 History \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sandafayre.com\/philatelicarticles\/occupationofburma.html\" >The Japanese Occupation of Burma 1942-1945 \u2013 Sandafayre.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>History of Burma\/Myanmar:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/curriculumproject.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/History%20of%20Burma%20Student%20-%2021%20Aug%2008.pdf\" >History of Burma: From a Multi-ethnic Perspective \u2013 The Curriculum Project \u2013 CurriculumProject.org \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cfob.org\/HistoryofBurma\/historyOfBurma.shtml\" >History of Burma \u2013 CFOB.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Myanmar\" >History of Myanmar \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/myanmar-burma\/history\" >Myanmar\/Burma History \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/asianhistory.about.com\/od\/burmamyanmar\/p\/ProfileBurma.htm\" >Myanmar | Facts and History \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/journalism.berkeley.edu\/projects\/burma\/history.html\" >Brief History of Myanmar, by Thomas R. Lansner \u2013 Backpacking Burma \u2013 Berkeley.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/newint.org\/features\/2008\/04\/18\/history\/\" >A Short History of Burma \u2013 NewInt.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/history.howstuffworks.com\/asian-history\/history-of-burma.htm\" >History of Burma \u2013 HowStuffWorks.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.myanmars.net\/myanmar-history\/\" >Myanmar History \u2013 Myanars.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/myanmar-history.html\" >Myanmar \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/history-of-Myanmar\" >History of Myanmar \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.localhistories.org\/burma.html\" >A BREIF HISTORY OF BURMA \u2013 LocalHistories.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.myanmarburma.com\/article\/835\/a-brief-history-of-myanmar-burma\" >A Brief History of Myanmar (Burma) \u2013 MyanmarBurma.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/myanmartravel.org\/history.html\" >MYANMAR HISTORY \u2013 MyanmarTravel.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.everyculture.com\/Bo-Co\/Burma.html\" >Burma \u2013 Culture \u2013 EveryCulture.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.myanmars.net\/myanmar-history\/myanmar-timeline.htm\" >Myanmar \u2013 Historical Timeline \u2013 Myanmar.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-asia-pacific-12992883\" >Myanmar profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Burma\/Myanmar:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/geos\/bm.html\" >BURMA \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.un.org\/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=Myanmar\" >Myanmar \u2013 UN Data<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Myanmar\" >Myanmar \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/myanmar.html\" >Myanmar \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.myanmar.com\/\" >Latest Myanmar News<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/topics.nytimes.com\/top\/news\/international\/countriesandterritories\/myanmar\/index.html\" >Myanmar \u2013 CHRONOLOGY OF COVERAGE \u2013 The New York Times<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Burmese Monarchy and the British Rule:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Third_Anglo-Burmese_War\" >Third Anglo-Burmese War<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Konbaung_Dynasty\" >Konbaung Dynasty \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thediplomat.com\/2015\/03\/myanmars-royal-legacy\/\" >Myanmar\u2019s Royal Legacy \u2013 The Diplomat \u2013 TheDiplomat.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.myanmars.net\/myanmar-museum\/myanmar-royal-regelia1.htm\" >The Royal Regalia of Myanmar Monarchy \u2013 Myanmars.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.dnaindia.com\/lifestyle\/report-time-to-end-myanmar-king-s-exile-in-india-1700457\" >Time to end Myanmar king\u2019s exile in India \u2013 Sunday, 10 June 2012 \u2013 DNAIndia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.irrawaddy.org\/burma\/royal-family-aims-renovate-king-thibaws-mandalay-palace.html\" >Royal Family Aims to Renovate King Thinbaw\u2019s Mandalay Palace, by Kyaw Hsu Mon \u2013 Thursday, December 12, 2013 \u2013 The Irrawaddy \u2013 Irrawaddy.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Some Relevant Issues on the Rohingya People and the British Rule:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rohingya_people\" >Rohingya people \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.networkmyanmar.org\/images\/stories\/PDF17\/Short-History.pdf\" >A Short History of Rohingya and Kamans of Burma, by M.A. Tahir Ba Tha ((translated by A.F.K Jilani, edited by Mohd. Ashraf Alam) \u2013 13 September 2007 \u2013 Kaladan News \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rohingya_insurgency_in_Western_Myanmar\" >Rohingya insurgency in Western Myanmar \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rohingya_Solidarity_Organisation\" >Rohingya Solidarity Organisation \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rohingyana.org\/history.html\" >A History For The Conflict of Rohingya \u2013 Rohingyana.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/15562941003792135?journalCode=wimm20\" >Brief Note: The Rohingya Refugee: A Security Dilemma for Bangladesh \u2013 02 June 2010 \u2013 Journal of Immigrant &amp; Refugee Studies<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.refworld.org\/docid\/50090deb2.html\" >Myanmar: Abuses against Rohingya erode human rights progress \u2013 19 July 2012 \u2013 Amnesty International \u2013 RefWorld.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.atimes.com\/atimes\/Southeast_Asia\/NG27Ae04.html\" >Islamic militants take aim at Myanmar \u2013 July 27, 2012 \u2013 Online Asia Times \u2013 Atimes.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.radioaustralia.net.au\/international\/radio\/program\/connect-asia\/concern-militants-will-seek-revenge-for-rohingya-attacks\/1160476\" >\u201c<em>A post on the radical Islamic website Ar Rahmah Media Network claims that leaders from Myanmar\u2019s ethnic Rohingya community have been in Indonesia for talks with hardline groups about recruiting fighters and weapon supplies<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Concern militants will seek revenge for Rohingya attacks \u2013 12 July 2013 \u2013 RadioAustralia.net.au<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.myanmar.com\/jobs\/entry\/militant-islam-meets-militant-buddhism-in-myanmar-1.html\" >Militant Islam meets Militant Buddhism in Myanmar \u2013 October 17, 2013 \u2013 Myanmar.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/asia-pacific\/2014\/04\/un-raises-alarm-over-rohingya-muslim-abuse-20144863638917587.html\" >\u201c<em>Human rights envoy says the long history of persecution in Myanmar could amount to \u2018crime against humanity\u2019<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 UN raises alarm over Rohingya Muslim abuse \u2013 8 April 2014 \u2013 ALJAZEERA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.hindustantimes.com\/india-news\/arrested-rohingya-trained-militants-in-myanmar\/article1-1289131.aspx\" >Arrested Rohingya trained militants in Myanmar \u2013 November 23, 2014 \u2013 HundustanTimes.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rvisiontv.com\/rakhine-extremists-carry-out-militant-trainings-amidst-jungles-of-buthidaung\/\" >\u201c<em>Some Rohingya loggers (lumberjacks) in Buthidaung Township witnessed many Rakhine extremists taking part in the militant\u00a0training\u00a0being carried out amidst the jungles\u00a0in the township, according to the reliable sources<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Rakhine Extremists Carry Out Militant Trainings amidst Jungles of Buthidaung \u2013 March 6, 2015 \u2013 PEOPLE\u2019S VOICE: ROHINGYA VISION \u2013 RvisionTV.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thinkprogress.org\/world\/2015\/05\/27\/3662946\/rohingya-genocide\/\" >Rohingya People In Myanmar Face Genocide, According To One Rights Group, by Beenish Ahmed \u2013 May 27, 2015 \u2013 ThinkProgress.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.counterpunch.org\/2015\/05\/28\/the-rohingya-genocide\/\" >The Rohingya Genocide, by Ramzy Ramoud \u2013 May 28, 2015 \u2013 CounterPunch.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2015-06-09\/pakistani-taliban-call-for-jihad-in-myanmar\/6530878\" >Pakistani Taliban urges Muslims in Myanmar to \u2018take up the sword\u2019 against country\u2019s leaders \u2013 8 Jun. 2015 \u2013 ABC.net.au<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/sputniknews.com\/asia\/20150729\/1025159538.html\" >India Watchful of Rohingya, Fearing Radicalization by Pakistan Militants \u2013 29.07.2015 \u2013 SUPUTNIK \u2013 SuputnikNews.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nirapadnews.com\/english\/2015\/09\/06\/news-id:33249\/\" >Two \u2018Rohingya militants\u2019 arrested in Cox\u2019s Bazar \u2013 September 6, 2015 \u2013 NirapadNews.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Human Rights in Burma\/Myanmar:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Human_rights_in_Myanmar\" >Human rights in Myanmar \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.amnestyusa.org\/our-work\/countries\/asia-and-the-pacific\/myanmar\" >Myanmar (Burma) Human Rights \u2013 Amnesty International USA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/asia\/burma\" >Human Rights Watch \u2013 Burma \u2013 HRW.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.derechos.org\/human-rights\/seasia\/burma.html\" >Human Rights in Burma \u2013 Drechos.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/countries\/AsiaRegion\/Pages\/MMIndex.aspx\" >Myanmar \u2013 UN Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Pro-Democracy Uprising, Ethnic Cleansing and Other Pertinent Issues:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.news.va\/en\/news\/myanmar-remembers-1988-pro-democracy-uprising\" >Myanmar remembers 1988 pro-democracy uprising \u2013 2013-08-08 Vatican Radio<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.oxfordburmaalliance.org\/1988-uprising--1990-elections.html\" >1988 Uprising and 1990 Election \u2013 Oxford Burma Alliance<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.burmalibrary.org\/KN\/asa160101990en-full-red.pdf\" >MYANMAR IN THE NATIONAL INTEREST\u2019 Prisoners of conscience, torture, summary trials under martial law<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/news\/2013\/08\/06\/burma-justice-1988-massacres\" >Burma: Justice for 1988 Massacre \u2013 August 6, 2013 \u2013 Human Rights Watch<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ndtv.com\/world-news\/student-leader-in-1988-myanmar-pro-democracy-protests-joins-aung-san-suu-kyi-to-contest-polls-783011\" >Student Leader in 1988 Myanmar Pro-Democracy Protests Joins Aung San Suu Kyi to Contest Polls \u2013 Updated: July 19, 2015 \u2013 NDTV.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/usatoday30.usatoday.com\/news\/world\/2008-08-12-2105069515_x.htm\" >Myanmar police arrest opposition party executive \u2013 8\/12\/2008 \u2013 USAToday.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.newrepublic.com\/article\/116335\/burma-massacre-muslims-ethnic-cleansing-has-just-escalated\" >Ethnic Cleansing Just Went to Bad to Worse, by Graeme Wood \u2013 January 24, 2014 \u2013 NewRepublic.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/search\/?q=myanmar+ethnnic+cleansing\" >TMS Archive on Myanmar ethnic cleansing<\/a> <em><strong>and\/or<\/strong><\/em> on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/search\/?q=myanmar+ethnnic+cleansing\" >Myanmar pro-democracy movement<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Foreign Relations of Burma\/Myanmar:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_Myanmar\" >Foreign relations of Burma\/Myanmar \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cfr.org\/region\/burmamyanmar\/ri223\" >Myanmar \u2013 Council on Foreign Relations \u2013 CFR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/r\/pa\/ei\/bgn\/35910.htm\" >US Relations With Myanmar \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Economy of Myanmar:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_Myanmar\" >Economy of Myanmar \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/myanmar-economy.html\" >Myanmar \u2013 Economy \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/country\/myanmar\" >Myanmar \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/myanmar\" >Myanmar \u2013 Data \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.adb.org\/countries\/myanmar\/economy\" >Myanmar: Economy \u2013 ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK \u2013 ADB.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/burma\" >Myanmar \u2013 Index \u2013 THE HERITAGE FOUNDATION<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1941\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_II\" >World War II<\/a>: The Greek <em>Triton<\/em> (Y-5) sinks the Italian submarine <em>Neghelli<\/em> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Otranto\" >Otranto<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1937\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Howard_Hughes\" >Howard Hughes<\/a> sets a new <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cross-America_flight_air_speed_record\" >air record<\/a> by flying from Los Angeles to New York City in seven hours, 28 minutes, 25 seconds.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1920\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States_Senate\" >United States Senate<\/a> votes against joining the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/League_of_Nations\" >League of Nations<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>United States Senate and the League of Nations:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/conspiracyofwords.com\/?p=405\" >19 January 1920 \u2013 The United States Senate votes against joining the League of Nations \u2013 ConspiracyOfWords.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.famousdaily.com\/history\/us-senate-votes-against-membership.html\" >\u201c<em>On this day, January 19, 1920, Congress voted against membership in the League of Nations. Steadfast opposition was led by Wilson\u2019s congressional nemesis Henry Cabot Lodge<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 US Senate votes against membership in League of Nations, by Gary Satanovsky \u2013 FamousDaily.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1914-1920\/league\" >\u201c<em>Where Wilson and the League\u2019s supporters saw merit in an international body that would work for peace and collective security for its members, Lodge and his supporters feared the consequences of involvement in Europe\u2019s tangled politics, now even more complex because of the 1919 peace settlement<\/em>\u201d \u2013 The League of Nations 1920 \u2013 OFFICE of the HISTORIAN \u2013 US Department of States<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.senate.gov\/artandhistory\/history\/common\/generic\/Speeches_Borah_League.htm\" >\u201c<em>On the final day of Senate debate over the League of Nations, William E. Borah spoke powerfully and persuasively in opposition to the League<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 William E. Borah \u2013 The League of Nations \u2013 Classic Senate Speeches \u2013 THE UNITED STATES SENATE \u2013 Senate.gov<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>League of Nations:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/League-of-Nations\" >League of Nations \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/league-nations.html\" >League of Nations \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/spartacus-educational.com\/FWWleague.htm\" >League of Nations \u2013 Spartacus-Eductional.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.encyclopedia.com\/topic\/League_of_Nations.aspx\" >League of Nations \u2013 Encyclopedia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theamericanconservative.com\/articles\/why-the-league-of-nations-failed\/\" >Why the League of Nations Failed, by Patrick J. Buchanan \u2013 March 10, 2003 \u2013 TheAmericanConservative.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Covenant of the League of Nations:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Text of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/avalon.law.yale.edu\/20th_century\/leagcov.asp\" >Covenant of the League of Nations \u2013 Avalon Project \u2013 Yale Law School<\/a>, <strong><em>or<\/em><\/strong> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.refworld.org\/docid\/3dd8b9854.html\" >this web site of RefWorld.org \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Covenant_of_the_League_of_Nations\" >Covenant of the League of the Nations \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Covenant-of-the-League-of-Nations\" >Covenant of the League of Nations \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1917\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Silvertown_explosion\" >Silvertown explosion<\/a>: Seventy-three are killed and 400 injured in an explosion in a munitions plant in London.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1915\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_I\" >World War I<\/a>: German <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zeppelin\" >zeppelins<\/a> bomb the towns of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Great_Yarmouth\" >Great Yarmouth<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/King%27s_Lynn\" >King\u2019s Lynn<\/a> in the United Kingdom killing more than 20, in the first major aerial bombardment of a civilian target.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1915\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Georges_Claude\" >Georges Claude<\/a> patents the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Neon_discharge_tube\" >neon discharge tube<\/a> for use in advertising.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1899\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anglo-Egyptian_Sudan\" >Anglo-Egyptian Sudan<\/a> is formed.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Anglo-Egyptian Sudan:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Anglo-Egyptian_Sudan\" >History of Anglo-Egyptian-Sudan \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/sudan\/15.htm\" >ANGLO-EGYPTIAN CONDOMINIUM 1899-1955 \u2013 Sudan \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a>, <em><strong>or<\/strong><\/em> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/workmall.com\/wfb2001\/sudan\/sudan_history_the_anglo_egyptian_condominium_1899_1955.html\" >the same article on this site<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Anglo-Egyptian-Condominium\" >Anglo-Egyptian Condominium \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/ecommons.luc.edu\/cgi\/viewcontent.cgi?article=2407&amp;context=luc_theses\" >British Imperialism in Anglo-Egyptian Sudan 1833-1899, by Clyde Benjamin Kelly \u2013 Loyola University Chicago \u2013 \u2013 pdf \u2013 LUC.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/sudan.africatravelsguide.com\/sudan-history_angloegyptian.php\" >Sudan History \u2013 Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (1899-1956) \u2013 Sudan.AfricaTravelsGuide.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>History of Sudan:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Sudan\" >History of Sudan \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/sudan\/\" >Sudan \u2013 History \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyworld.net\/wrldhis\/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=aa86\" >HISTORY OF THE SUDAN \u2013 HistoryWorld.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sudanembassy.org\/index.php?option=com_content&amp;id=32&amp;Itemid=48\" >History Of Sudan \u2013 Embassy of the Republic of the Sudan, Washington DC \u2013 SudanEmbassy.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.waterforsouthsudan.org\/brief-history-of-south-sudan\" >A brief history of modern Sudan and South Sudan \u2013 WaterForSouthSudan.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/africanhistory.about.com\/od\/sudan\/p\/SudanHist1.htm\" >A Brief History of Sudan \u2013 Part 1 \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/sudan.net\/history.php\" >Sudan: Historical Perspective \u2013 Sudan.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-14095300\" >Sudan profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1893\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Henrik_Ibsen\" >Henrik Ibsen<\/a>\u2018s play <em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Master_Builder\" >The Master Builder<\/a><\/em> receives its premiere performance in Berlin.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1883\u00a0 <\/strong>The first electric lighting system employing overhead wires, built by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Thomas_Edison\" >Thomas Edison<\/a>, begins service at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Roselle,_New_Jersey\" >Roselle, New Jersey<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1871\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Franco-Prussian_War\" >Franco-Prussian War<\/a>: In the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Siege_of_Paris_%281870%E2%80%9371%29\" >Siege of Paris<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kingdom_of_Prussia\" >Prussia<\/a> wins the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_St._Quentin_%281871%29\" >Battle of St. Quentin<\/a>. Meanwhile, the French attempt to break the siege in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Buzenval_%281871%29\" >Battle of Buzenval<\/a> will end unsuccessfully the following day.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1853\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Giuseppe_Verdi\" >Giuseppe Verdi<\/a>\u2018s opera <em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Il_trovatore\" >Il trovatore<\/a><\/em> receives its premiere performance in Rome.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Giuseppe Verdi\u2019s Il trovatore:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/results?search_query=guiseppe+verdi+il+trovatore\" >Giuseppe Verdi\u2019s Il trovatore \u2013 YouTube videos<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1839\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/British_East_India_Company\" >British East India Company<\/a> captures <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aden\" >Aden<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1829\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Johann_Wolfgang_von_Goethe\" >Johann Wolfgang von Goethe<\/a>\u2018s <em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Faust:_The_First_Part_of_the_Tragedy\" >Faust: The First Part of the Tragedy<\/a><\/em> receives its premiere performance.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1817\u00a0 <\/strong>An army of 5,423 soldiers, led by General <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jos%C3%A9_de_San_Mart%C3%ADn\" >Jos\u00e9 de San Mart\u00edn<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crossing_of_the_Andes\" >crosses the Andes<\/a> from <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Argentina\" >Argentina<\/a> to liberate <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chile\" >Chile<\/a> and then <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Peru\" >Peru<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1812\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Peninsular_War\" >Peninsular War<\/a>: After a ten-day siege, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Arthur_Wellesley,_1st_Duke_of_Wellington\" >Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington<\/a>, orders British soldiers of the Light and third divisions to storm <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ciudad_Rodrigo\" >Ciudad Rodrigo<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Siege of Ciudad Rodrigo of 1812:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Siege_of_Ciudad_Rodrigo_(1812)\" >Siege of Ciudad Rodrigo (1812) &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.napoleon-series.org\/military\/virtual\/c_ciudad.html\" >The Siege of Ciudad Rodrigo \u2013 Spain (January 8-12, 1812), by Robert Burnham \u2013 Military Subjects: Virtual Battlefields \u2013 napopleon-series.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyofwar.org\/articles\/siege_ciudad_rodrigo_1812.html\" >Siege of Ciudad Rodrigo, 8-19 January 1812 \u2013 historyofwar.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.peninsularwar.org\/ciudadrodrigo.htm\" >The Peninsular War: The Storming of Ciudad Rodrigo, 19<sup>th<\/sup> January 1812 \u2013 peninsularwar.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Peninsular War:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyofwar.org\/articles\/wars_peninsular.html\" >Peninsular War, 1807-14 \u2013 HistoryOfWar.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Peninsular_War#Origins\" >Origins \u2013 Peninsular War \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.peninsularwar200.org\/history.html\" >Peninsular War \u2013 History \u2013 1808-1814 \u2013 PeninsularWar200.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Peninsular-War\" >Peninsular War \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/historywarsweapons.com\/peninsular-war\/\" >Peninsular War \u2013 HistoryWarsWeapons.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/peninsular-war-results-war.html\" >Peninsular War \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1806\u00a0 <\/strong>The United Kingdom occupies the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cape_of_Good_Hope\" >Cape of Good Hope<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1795\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Batavian_Republic\" >Batavian Republic<\/a> is proclaimed in the Netherlands, bringing to an end the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Republic_of_the_Seven_United_Netherlands\" >Republic of the Seven United Netherlands<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Batavian Republic:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Batavian-Republic\" >Batavian Republic \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/batavian-republic.html\" >Batavian Republic \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.crwflags.com\/fotw\/flags\/nl-batav.html\" >Batavian Republic (1795-1806) \u2013 CRWFlags.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Batavian_Republic_constitutional_referendum,_1797\" >Batavian Republic constitutional referendum, 1797 \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>JANUARY 20<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>2014\u00a0 <\/strong>Social security numbers and credit cards details of more than 20 million South Koreans are stolen by an IT contractor.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>South Korea\u2019s Credit Card Information Theft of 2014:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/technology-25808189\" >Credit card details on 20 million South Koreans stolen \u2013 20 January 2014 \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thehackernews.com\/2014\/01\/bank-data-and-credit-card-details-of-20.html\" >20 Million Credit Cards stolen in South Korea, 40% Population affected by the Data Leak \u2013 January 19, 2014 \u2013 TheHackerNews.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ssa.gov\/international\/Agreement_Pamphlets\/korea.html\" >Totalization Agreement with Korea \u2013 International Programs \u2013 Social Security \u2013 SSA.gov<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2013\u00a0 <\/strong>Austria holds a national referendum on whether or not to retain its system of conscription for the army and social service for young men; they vote to keep military service compulsory.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Australia and Conscription:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Conscription_in_Australia\" >Conscription in Australia \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.awm.gov.au\/encyclopedia\/conscription\/\" >Conscription \u2013 AUSTRALIAN WAR MEMORIAL \u2013 AWM.gov.au<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.com\/news\/military-draft\/\" >Articles on Military Draft \u2013 HuffingtonPost.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Pertinent Articles on Conscription, posted on the TMS website:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/search\/?q=military+conscription+draft\" >Military conscription, and draft \u2013 TMS.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2009\u00a0 <\/strong>A protest movement in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Iceland\" >Iceland<\/a> culminates as the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2009_Icelandic_financial_crisis_protests\" >2009 Icelandic financial crisis protests<\/a> start.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2007\u00a0 <\/strong>A three-man team, using only <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kite_skiing\" >skis and kites<\/a>, completes a 1,093-mile (1,759\u00a0km) trek to reach the southern <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pole_of_inaccessibility\" >pole of inaccessibility<\/a> for the first time since 1958 and for the first time ever without mechanical assistance.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2001\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/President_of_the_Philippines\" >President of the Philippines<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Joseph_Estrada\" >Joseph Estrada<\/a> is ousted in a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2001_EDSA_Revolution\" >nonviolent 4-day revolution<\/a>, and is succeeded by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gloria_Macapagal-Arroyo\" >Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1999\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/China_News_Service\" >China News Service<\/a> announces new government restrictions on Internet use, aimed especially at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Internet_caf%C3%A9\" >Internet caf\u00e9s<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1991\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sudan\" >Sudan<\/a>\u2018s government imposes <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sharia\" >Islamic law<\/a> nationwide, worsening the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Second_Sudanese_Civil_War\" >civil war<\/a> between the country\u2019s Muslim north and Christian south.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Islamic Law (Sharia) in Sudan:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ecoi.net\/file_upload\/1329_1202725629_sb106-sud-criminalact1991.pdf\" >In the Name of God: The Compassionate the Merciful \u2013 The Penal Code of 1991 \u2013 Memorandum to the Penal Code \u2013 Sudan \u2013 pdf \u2013 Ecoi.net<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nyulawglobal.org\/globalex\/Sudan.html\" >An Overview of the Sudanese Legal System and Legal Research, by Shranjeet Parmar \u2013 Global Lex \u2013 NYULawGlobal.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.equalitynow.org\/the_muslim_personal_law_act_of_sudan_1991\" >The Muslim Personal Law Act of Sudan, 1991 \u2013 EqualityNow.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.llrx.com\/features\/islamiclaw.htm\" >Features \u2013 Finding the Law: Islamic Law (Sharia), by Andrew Crossman \u2013 posted August 1, 2002 \u2013 LLRZX.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Religion_in_Sudan#Islam_in_Sudanese_law\" >\u201cMinority rights are severely restricted under Sharia. An example is the law on apostasy. Non-Muslim Sudanese are permitted to convert to Islam, but Muslims are forbidden by law to leave Islam or to change their beliefs. Article 126 of the 1991 Penal Code states that any Muslim who \u201c\u2026publicly declares his renouncement (of Islam) by an express statement or conclusive act\u2026\u201d is, upon failure to repent, to be sentenced to death.\u201d \u2013 Islam in Sudanese law \u2013 Religion in Sudan \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.reunite.org\/edit\/files\/Islamic%20Resource\/Sudan%20Text.pdf\" >Sudan \u2013 Legal System \u2013 pdf \u2013 Reunite.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cfr.org\/religion\/islam-governing-under-sharia\/p8034\" >Islam: Governing Under Sharia \u2013 CFR Backgrounders \u2013 Council on Foreign Relations \u2013 CFR.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/sudan\/65.htm\" >Sudan \u2013 THE LEGAL SYSTEM \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/counterjihadreport.com\/tag\/sudanese-islamic-law\/\" >\u201cSudan is an Islamic State, which has embedded Islamic Sharia Laws in its legal framework. At the same time, Sudan is a signatory of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. These two sets of rights are fundamentally opposed to each other in the way they view and understand rights and freedoms.\u201d \u2013 Sharia Rights or Human Rights: The Case of Meriam Ibrahim \u2013 posted June 10, 2014 \u2013 CounterJihadReport.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.artsrn.ualberta.ca\/amcdouga\/Hist347\/autumn%202012\/additional%20readings\/sharia%20in%20sudan%20_%20warburg.pdf\" >The Sharia in Sudan: Implementation and Repercussions, 1983-1989 \u2013 Author(s): Gabriel R. Warburg \u2013 The Middle East Journal, Vol. 44, No. 4 (Autumn, 1990), pp. 624-637 \u2013 pdf \u2013 UAlberta.ca<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/everything.explained.today\/Sharia\/\" >Sharia Explained \u2013 Everything.Explained.Today<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.espac.org\/sudan_region\/religion_in_sudan.asp\" >RELIGION IN SUDAN \u2013 11 June 2002 \u2013 RELIGION AND SUDAN \u2013 The European Sudanese Public Affairs Council \u2013 ESPAC.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2010\/WORLD\/africa\/12\/20\/sudan.islamic.law\/index.html\" >Sudan\u2019s president warns of tighter Islamic law, by Isma\u2019il Kamal Kushkush \u2013 December 20, 2010 \u2013 CNN.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bpnews.net\/41577\" >Sudan: Sharia, women &amp; religious freedom, by Robert P. George \u2013 Wednesday, November 27, 2013 \u2013 Baptist Press \u2013 BPNews.net<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/answering-islam.org\/Authors\/Arlandson\/top_ten_sharia.htm\" >Top ten reasons why sharia (Islamic law) is bad for all societies \u2013 Does Islam really practice human rights? \u2013 by James M. Arlandson \u2013 Answering-Islam.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0277539513002136\" >When rape becomes politics: Negotiating Islamic law reform in Sudan, by Liv T\u00f8nnessen \u2013 Women\u2019s Studies International Forum Volume 44, May-June 2014 \u2013 pages 145-153 \u2013 ScienceDirect.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Application_of_sharia_law_by_country\" >Application of sharia law by country \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.loc.gov\/law\/help\/bibliography-islamic-law.php\" >A Bibliography of Islamic Law Recent Works Published in English \u2013 Library of Congress \u2013 LOC.gov<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Sudan:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/geos\/su.html\" >SUDAN \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.un.org\/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=Sudan\" >Sudan \u2013 UN Data<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Sudan\" >Sudan \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/sudan.html\" >Sudan \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-14094995\" >Sudan country profile \u2013 Overview \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nationsonline.org\/oneworld\/sudan.htm\" >Sudan \u2013 NationsOnline.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/frontlineworld\/stories\/sudan\/facts.html\" >Sudan \u2013 Facts &amp; Stats \u2013 FRONTLINE WORLD \u2013 PBS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/South_Sudan#Independence_.282011.29\" >South Sudan and independence from Sudan in 2011 \u2013 South Sudan \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Foreign Relations of Sudan:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_Sudan\" >Foreign relations of Sudan \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cfr.org\/region\/sudan\/ri369\" >Sudan \u2013 Council on Foreign Relations \u2013 CFR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/r\/pa\/ei\/bgn\/5424.htm\" >US Relations with Sudan \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/military\/world\/sudan\/forrel.htm\" >Sudan \u2013 Foreign Relations \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/People\" >China-Sudan relations \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/AppData\/Local\/Temp\/foreignpolicy.com\/tag\/sudan\" >Sudan | Foreign Policy \u2013 ForeignPolicy.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_South_Sudan\" >Foreign relations of South Sudan \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.southsudaninfo.com\/Foreign_Relations_of_South_Sudan\" >Foreign Relations of South Sudan \u2013 SouthSudanInfo.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Sudan and the United Nations:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.un.int\/sudan\/\" >Permanent Mission of the Republic of the Sudan to the United Nations<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.unog.ch\/unog\/website\/missions.nsf\/%28httpPermanentMissions_en%29\/40CBDE5BDBB517E6C1256F4100452066?OpenDocument\" >Permanent Mission of Sudan to the United Nations Office and other international organizations in Geneva<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Human Rights in Sudan:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Human_rights_in_Sudan\" >Human rights in Sudan \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/africa\/sudan\" >Sudan \u2013 Human Rights Watch \u2013 HRW.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/africa\/south-sudan\" >South Sudan \u2013 Human Rights Watch \u2013 HRW.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.amnestyusa.org\/our-work\/countries\/africa\/sudan\" >Sudan Human Rights \u2013 Amnesty International \u2013 AmnestyUSA.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/countries\/AfricaRegion\/Pages\/SDIndex.aspx\" >Sudan \u2013 UN High Commissioner for Human Rights<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>History of Sudan:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Sudan\" >History of Sudan \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/sudan\/\" >Sudan \u2013 History \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyworld.net\/wrldhis\/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=aa86\" >HISTORY OF THE SUDAN \u2013 HistoryWorld.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sudanembassy.org\/index.php?option=com_content&amp;id=32&amp;Itemid=48\" >History Of Sudan \u2013 Embassy of the Republic of the Sudan, Washington DC \u2013 SudanEmbassy.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.waterforsouthsudan.org\/brief-history-of-south-sudan\" >A brief history of modern Sudan and South Sudan \u2013 WaterForSouthSudan.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/africanhistory.about.com\/od\/sudan\/p\/SudanHist1.htm\" >A Brief History of Sudan \u2013 Part 1 \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/sudan.net\/history.php\" >Sudan: Historical Perspective \u2013 Sudan.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-14095300\" >Sudan profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Economy of Sudan:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_Sudan\" >Economy of Sudan \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/country\/sudan\" >SUDAN \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/sudan\" >Sudan \u2013 Data \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/sudan\" >Sudan \u2013 Index \u2013 THE HERITAGE FOUNDATION<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/country.eiu.com\/Sudan\" >Sudan \u2013 The Economist \u2013 EIU.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/sudan-economy.html\" >Sudan \u2013 Economy \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_South_Sudan\" >Economy of South Sudan \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1990\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Red_Army\" >Red Army<\/a> crackdown on civil protests in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Baku\" >Baku<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Azerbaijan\" >Azerbaijan<\/a> during <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >the dissolution of the Soviet Union<\/a>. Also known as <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Black_January\" >Black January<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u201cBlack January\u201d of 1990:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.zerbaijan.com\/january.htm\" >Black January of 1990 \u2013 Zerbaijan.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/sumgait.info\/baku\/baku-eng\/baku-1990-eng.htm\" >Black January of 1990 in Baku. Anti-Armenian pogroms and massacre \u2013 Sumgait.info<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/azerbaijanamericaalliance.org\/remembering-black-january\" >Remembering \u201cBlack January\u201d \u2013 AZERBAIJAN AMERICA ALLIANCE \u2013 AzerbaijanAmericaAlliance.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=zFqIexpTdGc\" >Black January: Baku, 1990 \u2013 YouTube video (9 min. 38 sec.)<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.azer.com\/aiweb\/categories\/magazine\/ai104_folder\/104_articles\/104_black_january.html\" >Black January \u2013 Baku 1990 \u2013 Behind the Scenes \u2013 Photojournlist\u2019s perspective, by Reza with Betty Blair \u2013 Article from Spring 1998 \u2013 Azer.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>History of Azerbaijan:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Azerbaijan\" >History of Azerbaijan \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/azerbaijanamericaalliance.org\/history\" >HISTORY OF AZERBAIJAN \u2013 AZERBAIJAN AMERICA ALLIANCE<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/azerbaijan.orexca.com\/azerbaijan_history.shtml\" >History of Azerbaijan \u2013 Orexca.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/azerbaijan-country-asia-history.html\" >Azerbaijan \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/azerbaijan\/history\" >Azerbaijan \u2013 History \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-europe-17047328\" >Azerbaijan profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Azerbaijan:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/geos\/aj.html\" >Azerbaijan \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.un.org\/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=Azerbaijan\" >Azerbaijan \u2013 UN Data<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/azerbaijan\/\" >Azerbaijan \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Azerbaijan\" >Azerbaijan \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/azerbaijan.html\" >Azerbaijan \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-europe-17043424\" >Azerbaijan profile \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Foreign Relations of Azerbaijan:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_Azerbaijan\" >Foreign relations of Azerbaijan \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/azerbaijan\/36.htm\" >Foreign Relations \u2013 Azerbaijan \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cfr.org\/region\/azerbaijan\/ri266\" >Azerbaijan \u2013 Council on Foreign Relations \u2013 CFR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.musicillustratedmagazine.com\/q\/Foreign_relations_of_Azerbaijan\" >Foreign Relations of Z=Azerbaijan \u2013 MusicIllustratedMagazine.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/r\/pa\/ei\/bgn\/2909.htm\" >US Relations with Azerbaijan \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/military\/world\/azerbaijan\/foreign-relations.htm\" >Azerbaijan Foreign Relations \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=E6knMWUT6TU\" >YouTube video (3 min. 01 sec.): A Closer Look To Foreign relations Of Azerbaijan<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Economy of Azerbaijan:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_Azerbaijan\" >Economy of Azerbaijan \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/azerbaijan\" >Azerbaijan \u2013 Index \u2013 THE HERITAGE FOUNDATION<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/country\/azerbaijan\/overview\" >Azerbaijan \u2013 Overview- THE WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/azerbaijan\" >Azerbaijan \u2013 Data \u2013 THE WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.adb.org\/countries\/azerbaijan\/economy\" >Azerbaijan Economy \u2013 ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1987\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Church_of_England\" >Church of England<\/a> envoy <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Terry_Waite\" >Terry Waite<\/a> is kidnapped in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lebanon\" >Lebanon<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1986\u00a0 <\/strong>In the United States, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Martin_Luther_King,_Jr.\" >Martin Luther King, Jr.<\/a> Day is celebrated as a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Martin_Luther_King,_Jr._Day\" >federal holiday<\/a> for the first time.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1981 <\/strong>Twenty minutes after <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ronald_Reagan\" >Ronald Reagan<\/a> is inaugurated, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Iran\" >Iran<\/a> releases 52 <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Iran_hostage_crisis\" >American hostages<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>January 20, 1981 \u2013 The End of the Iran Hostage Crisis:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/iran-hostage-crisis-ends\" >JAN 20, 1981: THIS DAY IN HISTORY: Iran Hostage Crisis ends \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/learning.blogs.nytimes.com\/2012\/01\/20\/jan-20-1981-iran-releases-american-hostages-as-reagan-takes-office\/comment-page-1\/?_r=0\" >20, 1981 | Iran Releases American Hostages as Reagan Takes Office \u2013 The Learning Network \u2013 The New York Times \u2013 NYTimes.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Iran_hostage_crisis_negotiations\" >Iran hostage crisis negotiations \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Timeline of the Iran Hostage Crisis:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/iran-hostagecrisis1979.weebly.com\/timeline.html\" >\u201c<em>November 17, 1979 \u2013 Khomeini orders the release of female and African-American hostages. <strong>They are released November 19 and 20<\/strong>, bringing the total number of US hostages to 53<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Timeline \u2013 IRAN HOSTAGE CRISIS \u2013 Weebly.com<\/a>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/worldhistoryproject.org\/topics\/iran-hostage-crisis\" >Iran Hostage Crisis timeline \u2013 HistoryProject.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Iran Hostage Crisis:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/iran-hostage-crisis\" >IRAN HOSTAGE CRISIS \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/worldhistoryproject.org\/1979\/11\/4\/iran-hostage-crisis-begins-iranian-militants-seize-the-us-embassy-in-tehran\" >NOV 4, 1979 \u2013 Hostage Crisis Begins \u2013 Iranian Militants Seize the US Embassy in Teheran \u2013 WorldHistoryProject.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.politico.com\/story\/2007\/11\/iranians-storm-us-embassy-nov-4-1979-006622\" >Iranians storm US embassy Nov 4, 1979, by Andrew Glass \u2013 11\/04\/07 \u2013 Politico.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.army.mil\/article\/114417\/US_Embassy_in_Iran_Seized__4_November_1979\/\" >US Embassy in Iran Seized November 4, 1979 \u2013 Army.Mil<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/diplopundit.net\/2013\/11\/04\/november-4-1979-iranian-mob-attacks-us-embassy-tehran-hostages-compensated-50day\/\" >November 4, 1979: Iranian Mob Attacks US Embassy Teheran; Hostages Compensated $50\/Day, by Domani Srepo \u2013 November 4, 2013 \u2013 Diplopundit.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jimmycarterlibrary.gov\/documents\/hostages.phtml\" >The Hostage Crisis in Iran \u2013 JIMMY CARTER PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY &amp; MUSEUM<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.thehistoryreader.com\/contemporary-history\/november-4-1979-iran-hostage-crisis\/\" >November 4, 1979: The Iran Hostage Crisis, by Ray Takeyh \u2013 posted November 4, 2011 \u2013 TheHistoryReader.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/skepticism.org\/timeline\/november-history\/10228-us-embassy-tehran-taken-over-iranian-militants.html\" >Date: 4 November 1979 \u2013 US Embassy in Teheran is Taken Over by Iranian Militants \u2013 Skepticism.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalpost.com\/dispatch\/news\/regions\/middle-east\/iran\/130927\/us-iran-relations-timeline-7-major-events-the-iranian-\" >US-Iran relations timeline: 7 major events since the Iranian Revolution, by Alexander Besant \u2013 Sep 28, 2013 \u2013 GlobalPost.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1972\u00a0 <\/strong>Pakistan launched its <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pakistan_and_weapons_of_mass_destruction\" >Nuclear weapons program<\/a> few weeks after its defeat in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bangladesh_Liberation_War\" >Bangladesh Liberation War<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indo-Pakistani_War_of_1971\" >Indo-Pakistani War of 1971<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1969\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/East_Pakistan\" >East Pakistani<\/a> police kill student activist <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Amanullah_Asaduzzaman\" >Amanullah Asaduzzaman<\/a>. The resulting outrage is in part responsible for the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bangladesh_Liberation_War\" >Bangladesh Liberation War<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1960\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hendrik_Verwoerd\" >Hendrik Verwoerd<\/a> announces a plebiscite on whether South Africa should become a Republic.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1959\u00a0 <\/strong>The first flight of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vickers_Vanguard\" >Vickers Vanguard<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1954\u00a0 <\/strong>In the United States, the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/National_Negro_Network\" >National Negro Network<\/a> is established with 40 charter member radio stations.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1949\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Point_Four_Program\" >Point Four Program<\/a> a program for <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economic_aid\" >economic aid<\/a> to poor countries announced by United States President <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Harry_S._Truman\" >Harry S. Truman<\/a> in his <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Inaugural_address\" >inaugural address<\/a> for a full term as President.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Point Four Program:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/truman-announces-point-four-program\" >JAN 20, 1949: THIS DAY IN HISTORY: Truman announces Point Four Program \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pdf.usaid.gov\/pdf_docs\/PCAAC280.pdf\" >POINT FOUR: BACKGROUND AND PROGRAM (International Technical Cooperation Act of 1949) \u2013 Committee on Foreign Affairs \u2013 pdf \u2013 USAID.gov<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Point-Four-Program\" >Point Four Program \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.trumanlibrary.org\/whistlestop\/study_collections\/pointfourprogram\/index.php\" >THE POINT FOUR PROGRAM \u2013 TrumanLibrary.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.trumanlibrary.org\/hstpaper\/point4.htm\" >POINT FOUR PROGRAM OF TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TO DEVELOPMENING NATIONS \u2013 TrumanLibrary.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/history.state.gov\/historicaldocuments\/frus1949v01\/comp9\" >The Genesis of the Point Four Program \u2013 OFFICE of the HISTORIAN \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/point-four-program.html\" >Point Four program \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1945\u00a0 <\/strong>\u2013 World War II: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nazi_Germany\" >Germany<\/a> begins the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Evacuation_of_East_Prussia\" >evacuation of 1.8\u00a0million people<\/a> from <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/East_Prussia\" >East Prussia<\/a>, a task which will take nearly two months.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1945\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/B%C3%A9la_Mikl%C3%B3s\" >Mikl\u00f3s provisional government<\/a> of Hungary agrees to an <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Armistice\" >armistice<\/a> with the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Allies_of_World_War_II\" >Allies<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1942\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_II\" >World War II<\/a>: At the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wannsee_Conference\" >Wannsee Conference<\/a> held in the Berlin suburb of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wannsee\" >Wannsee<\/a>, senior <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nazi_Germany\" >Nazi German<\/a> officials discuss the implementation of the \u201c<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Final_Solution\" >Final Solution<\/a> to the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jewish_question\" >Jewish question<\/a>\u201c.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1941\u00a0 <\/strong>A German officer is murdered in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bucharest\" >Bucharest<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Romania\" >Romania<\/a>, sparking a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Legionnaires%27_rebellion_and_Bucharest_pogrom\" >rebellion and pogrom<\/a> by the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Iron_Guard\" >Iron Guard<\/a>, killing 125 Jews and 30 soldiers.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1936\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Edward_VIII\" >Edward VIII<\/a> becomes King of the United Kingdom.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1921\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Turkish_Constitution_of_1921\" >The first Constitution of Turkey<\/a> is adopted, making fundamental changes in the source and exercise of sovereignty by consecrating the principle of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/National_sovereignty\" >national sovereignty<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1920\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/American_Civil_Liberties_Union\" >American Civil Liberties Union<\/a> is founded.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1887\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States_Senate\" >United States Senate<\/a> allows the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States_Navy\" >Navy<\/a> to lease <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pearl_Harbor\" >Pearl Harbor<\/a> as a naval base.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1877\u00a0 <\/strong>Last day of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Constantinople_Conference\" >Constantinople Conference<\/a> which resulted in agreement for political reforms in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Balkans\" >Balkans<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1841\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hong_Kong_Island\" >Hong Kong Island<\/a> is occupied by the British.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1839\u00a0 <\/strong>In the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Yungay\" >Battle of Yungay<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chile\" >Chile<\/a> defeats an alliance between <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Peru\" >Peru<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bolivia\" >Bolivia<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1788\u00a0 <\/strong>The third and main part of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/First_Fleet\" >First Fleet<\/a> arrives at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Botany_Bay\" >Botany Bay<\/a>. <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Arthur_Phillip\" >Arthur Phillip<\/a> decides that Botany Bay is unsuitable for the location of a penal colony, and decides to move to <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Port_Jackson\" >Port Jackson<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1785\u00a0 <\/strong>Invading <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rattanakosin_Kingdom\" >Siamese<\/a> forces attempt to exploit the political chaos in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vietnam\" >Vietnam<\/a>, but are ambushed and annihilated at the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mekong\" >Mekong<\/a> river by the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/T%C3%A2y_S%C6%A1n\" >T\u00e2y S\u01a1n<\/a> in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_R%E1%BA%A1ch_G%E1%BA%A7m-Xo%C3%A0i_M%C3%BAt\" >Battle of R\u1ea1ch G\u1ea7m-Xo\u00e0i M\u00fat<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1783\u00a0 <\/strong>The Kingdom of Great Britain signs a peace treaty with France and Spain, officially ending hostilities in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/American_Revolutionary_War\" >American Revolutionary War<\/a> (also known as the American War of Independence).<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>JANUARY 21<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>2005\u00a0 <\/strong>In <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Belmopan\" >Belmopan<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Belize\" >Belize<\/a>, the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Unrest_in_Belize_in_2005\" >unrest over the government\u2019s new taxes<\/a> erupts into <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Riot\" >riots<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2004\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/NASA\" >NASA<\/a>\u2018s <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/MER-A\" >MER-A<\/a> (the Mars Rover <em>Spirit<\/em>) ceases communication with mission control. The problem lies in the management of its <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Flash_memory\" >flash memory<\/a> and is fixed remotely from Earth on February 6.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2003\u00a0 <\/strong>An <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2003_Colima_earthquake\" >earthquake<\/a> of magnitude 7.6 strikes the Mexican state of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Colima\" >Colima<\/a>, killing 29 and leaving approximately 10,000 people homeless.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2000\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ecuador\" >Ecuador<\/a>: After the Ecuadorian Congress is seized by indigenous organizations, Col. <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lucio_Guti%C3%A9rrez\" >Lucio Guti\u00e9rrez<\/a>, Carlos Solorzano and Antonio Vargas depose President <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jamil_Mahuad\" >Jamil Mahuad<\/a>. Gutierrez is later replaced by Gen. Carlos Mendoza, who resigns and allows Vice-President <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gustavo_Noboa\" >Gustavo Noboa<\/a> to succeed Mahuad.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Ecuador Coup d\u2019\u00e9tat of 2000:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2000_Ecuadorean_coup_d\" >2000 Ecuadorean coup d\u2019\u00e9tat \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/TRANSCRIPTS\/0001\/22\/cst.04.html\" >Vice-President Gustavo Noboa Takes Charge of Ecuador \u2013 Aired January 22, 2000 \u2013 Transcripts \u2013 CNN<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/muse.jhu.edu\/login?auth=0&amp;type=summary&amp;url=\/journals\/latin_american_politics_and_society\/v049\/49.3zamosc.html\" >The Indian Movement and Political Democracy in Ecuador, by Le\u00f3n Zamosc \u2013 JHU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Ecuador:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/geos\/ec.html\" >Ecuador \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ecuador\" >Ecuador \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Ecuador\" >Ecuador \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/ecuador.html?pageno=5\" >\u201c<em>On August 16, 2012, Ecuador announced that it was granting political asylum to WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange. Assange had been seeking refuge at the country\u2019s Embassy in London while waiting for the decision. The decision further strained relations between Ecuador and Britain<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Ecuador Grants Asylum to Julian Assange \u2013 Ecuador \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>History of Ecuador:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Ecuador\" >History of Ecuador \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ecuadorexplorer.com\/html\/history.html\" >History of Ecuador \u2013 EcuadorExplore.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ecuaworld.com\/ecuador-information-center\/brief-history-ecuador\/\" >A Brief History of Ecuador \u2013 ECUAWORLD.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.geographia.com\/ecuador\/history.htm\" >ECUADOR: History and Culture \u2013 Geographia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ecuador.com\/history\/\" >Ecuador\u2019s History From Ancient Incas to Modern Times \u2013 Ecuador.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Economy of Ecuador:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/country\/ecuador\" >Ecuador \u2013 THE WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/ecuador\" >Ecuador \u2013 Data \u2013 THE WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/ecuador\" >Ecuador \u2013 The Heritage Foundation<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_Ecuador\" >Economy of Ecuador \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nationsencyclopedia.com\/economies\/Americas\/Ecuador-OVERVIEW-OF-ECONOMY.html\" >Ecuador \u2013 Overview of economy \u2013 NationsEncyclopedia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1999\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/War_on_Drugs\" >War on Drugs<\/a>: In one of the largest drug busts in American history, the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States_Coast_Guard\" >United States Coast Guard<\/a> intercepts a ship with over 4,300 kilograms (9,500\u00a0lb) of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cocaine\" >cocaine<\/a> on board.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>War on Drugs:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.crimeandjustice.org\/councilinfo.cfm?pID=50\" >The War on Drugs, by Jason Marque Solo \u2013 Council on Crime and Justice<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pecangroup.org\/war-on\/war-on-drugs\/\" >WAR ON DRUGS \u2013 PecanGroup.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.studymode.com\/essays\/Reagans-War-On-Drugs-1689982.html\" >Reagans War on Drugs \u2013 StudyMode.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/drugwarfacts.org\/cms\/Military\" >Militarization of the Drug War \u2013 DrugWarFacts.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.druglibrary.org\/special\/goode\/drugpanic.htm\" >Chapter 12 of <em>Moral Panics: The Social Construction of Deviance<\/em> \u2013 <strong>The American Drug Panic in the 1980s<\/strong>, by Erich Goode &amp; Nachman Ben-Yehuda \u2013 published by Blackwell \u2013 DrugLibrary.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/civilliberty.about.com\/od\/drugpolicy\/p\/War-on-Drugs-Facts.htm\" >Key Facts About the War on Drugs, by Tom Head \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/flashbackmiami.com\/2014\/09\/10\/miami-drug-wars\/\" >Miami Drug Wars \u2013 FlashBackMiami.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.drugsense.org\/cms\/wodclock\" >Drug War Clock \u2013 DrugSense.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/drugwarfacts.org\/cms\/?q=node\/243\" >Drug War Facts \u2013 Contents \u2013 DrugWarFacts.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/civilliberty.about.com\/od\/drugpolicy\/p\/War-on-Drugs-Facts.htm\" >Key Facts About the War on Drugs, by Tom Head \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.alternet.org\/books\/unbelievable-story-how-americas-war-drugs-started\" >The Unbelievable Story of How America\u2019s War on Drugs Started, by Johann Hari \u2013 Alternet.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.drugactionnetwork.com\/history\/\" >General History of Drugs \u2013 DRUG ACTION NETWORK \u2013 DrugActionNetwork.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/blackagendareport.com\/history_war_on_drugs\" >Hiding in Plain Sight: The History on the War on Drugs, by submitted by Paul Bermanzhon \u2013 Tue, 8\/25\/2015 \u2013 Black Agenda Report \u2013 BlackAgendReport.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.articlemyriad.com\/analysis-history-war-drugs-america\/\" >An Analysis and History of the War on Drugs in America \u2013 ArticleMyriad.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.drugpolicy.org\/fighting-drug-war-injustice\" >Fighting Drug War Injustice \u2013 DrugPolicy.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/phys.org\/news\/2015-03-history-valuable-lessons-war-drugs.html\" >History holds valuable lessons in the war on drugs \u2013 PHYS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rollingstone.com\/politics\/news\/the-war-on-drugs-is-burning-out-20150108\" >The War on Drugs Is Burning Out, by Tim Dickinson \u2013 January 8, 2015 \u2013 RollingStone.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.politico.com\/story\/2010\/10\/reagan-declares-war-on-drugs-october-14-1982-043552\" >Reagan declares \u2018War on Drugs,\u2019 October 14, 1982, by Andrew Glass \u2013 Politico.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.democratichub.com\/article\/7733.aspx\" >Reagan declares \u2018War on Drugs\u2019, October 14, 1982 \u2013 DemocraticHub.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.courant.com\/courant-250\/moments-in-history\/hc-this-day-in-history-365-pictures-302-photo.html\" >14, 1982: The War on Drugs \u2013 Hartford Courant<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.drugwarfacts.org\/factbook.pdf\" >Drug War Facts, compiled and maintained by Common Sense for Drug Policy \u2013 November 2007 \u2013 pdf \u2013 DrugWarFacts.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.drugpolicy.org\/new-solutions-drug-policy\/brief-history-drug-war\" >A Brief History of Drug War \u2013 DrugPolicy.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.presidency.ucsb.edu\/ws\/?pid=43085\" >Ronald Reagan \u2013 Radio Address to the Nation on the Federal Drug Policy \u2013 October 2, 1982 \u2013 UCSB.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/civilliberty.about.com\/od\/drugpolicy\/tp\/War-on-Drugs-History-Timeline.htm\" >History of the War on Drugs, by Tom Head \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/web.stanford.edu\/class\/e297c\/poverty_prejudice\/paradox\/htele.html\" >\u201c<em>America is at war. We have been fighting drug abuse for almost a century. Four Presidents have personally waged war on drugs. Unfortunately, it is a war that we are losing. Drug abusers continue to fill our courts, hospitals, and prisons<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Stanford.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cato.org\/pubs\/pas\/pa-180es.html\" >A Society of Suspects: The War on Drugs and Civil Liberties, by Steven Wisotsky \u2013 CATO.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Project MK-Ultra:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/news\/ask-history\/did-the-cia-secretly-dose-people-with-lsd\" >Did the CIA secretly dose people with LSD? \u2013 ASK HISTORY \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Project_MKUltra\" >\u201c<strong>Project MKUltra<\/strong><em>\u2014sometimes referred to as the <strong>CIA\u2019s mind control program<\/strong>\u2014was the code name given to an illegal program of experiments on human subjects, designed and undertaken by the United States Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). Experiments on humans were intended to identify and develop drugs and procedures to be used in interrogations and torture, in order to weaken the individual to force confessions through mind control<\/em>\u2026<em>Early CIA efforts focused on LSD, which later came to dominate many of MKUltra\u2019s programs<\/em>\u2026\u201d \u2013 Project MKUltra \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mindspring.com\/%7Etxporter\/sec3.htm\" >MK-ULTRA \u2013 The CIA program on Mind Control \u2013 Rense.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mindspring.com\/%7Etxporter\/sec3.htm\" >History of MK-ULTRA. CIA Program on Mind Control \u2013 MindSpring.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.wanttoknow.info\/050626mkultra.shtml\" >MK-ULTRA \u2013 WantToKnow.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1997\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/U.S._House_of_Representatives\" >US House of Representatives<\/a> votes 395\u201328 to reprimand <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Newt_Gingrich\" >Newt Gingrich<\/a> for ethics violations, making him the first Speaker of the House to be so disciplined.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1977\u00a0 <\/strong>United States President <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jimmy_Carter\" >Jimmy Carter<\/a> pardons nearly all American <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vietnam_War\" >Vietnam War<\/a> draft evaders, some of whom had emigrated to Canada.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Vietnam War Evaders and Canada:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.politico.com\/story\/2008\/01\/carter-pardons-draft-dodgers-jan-21-1977-007974\" >Cater pardons draft dodgers Jan. 21, 1977, by Andrew Glass \u2013 01\/28\/08 \u2013 POLITICO<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Draft_evasion\" >Draft evasion \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Canada_and_the_Vietnam_War#American_war_resisters_in_Canada\" >American war resisters in Canada \u2013 Canada and the Vietnam War \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/antiwar\/vietnam_draft.shtml\" >Vietnam War: Draft Resistance \u2013 Antiwar and Radical History Project \u2013 Pacific Northwest \u2013 Washington.edu<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/AppData\/Local\/Temp\/%E2%80%A2%09Vietnam%20War%20Resisters%20in%20Canada%20%E2%80%93%20A%20Guide%20to%20Web%20Sites%20%E2%80%93%20VCN.BC.ca\" >Vietnam War Resisters in Canada \u2013 A Guide to Web Sites \u2013 VCN.BC.ca<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/articles.chicagotribune.com\/1985-05-05\/news\/8501270702_1_american-draft-dodgers-vietnam-war-canada\" >Draft Evaders Have Few Regrets About Leaving Us Behind, by Janet Cawley \u2013 May 05, 1985<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.radicalmiddle.com\/manual.htm\" >Manual for Draft-Age Immigrants to Canada, by Mark Satin \u2013 RadicalMiddle.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Conscientious Objection and Objector:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/girightshotline.org\/en\/military-knowledge-base\/topic\/conscientious-objection-discharge\" >Conscientious Objector Fact Sheet \u2013 GIRightsHotline.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.scn.org\/IP\/sdmcc\/co.htm\" >Who is a Conscientious Objector? \u2013 SCN.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/conscientious-objector.html\" >Conscientious objector \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/conscientious-objector\" >Conscientious objector \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/isme.tamu.edu\/ISME08\/Robinson08.html\" >Integrity and Selective Conscientious Objection, by Paul Robinson \u2013 Graduate School of Public and International Affairs \u2013 University of Ottawa \u2013 TAMU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/conscientious-objector-wins-medal-of-honor\" >OCT 12, 1945: ON THIS DAY IN HISTORY: Conscientious objector wins Medal of Honor \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>History of Conscientious Objection:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.swarthmore.edu\/library\/peace\/conscientiousobjection\/co%20website\/pages\/HistoryNew.htm\" >BRIEF HISTORY OF CONSCIENTIOUS OBJECTION \u2013 Primary Sources for Research \u2013 Smarthmore.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/pov\/soldiersofconscience\/special_background.php\" >History of Conscientious Objection in the United States \u2013 Backgrounder: Soldiers at War \u2013 PBS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/history.blog.gov.uk\/2014\/09\/30\/conscription-and-conscientious-objection\/\" >Conscription and Conscientious Objection, by Lucy Harris \u2013 30 September 2014 \u2013 History of government<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nationalpeacemuseum.org\/history.html\" >The History of Conscientious Objection \u2013 THE NATIONAL PEACE MUSEUM OF CONSCIENTIOUS OBJECTION AND ANTI-WAR ACTIVISM \u2013 NationalPeaceMuseum.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nzhistory.net.nz\/war\/first-world-war\/conscientious-objection\" >Conscientious objection \u2013 New Zealand History \u2013 NZHistory.net.nz<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mybrethren.org\/history\/framcons.htm\" >Conscientious Objection to Bearing Arms: <em>1943<\/em> \u2013 MyBrethren.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Anti-Vietnam War Movement:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/march-against-death-commences-in-washington-d-c\" >NOV 13, 1969: THIS DAY IN HISTORY: March against death commences in Washington DC \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/home.bt.com\/news\/world-news\/november-13-1969-anti-vietnam-march-against-death-held-in-washington-dc-11363943443063\" >\u201c<em>As opposition to the Vietnam War grew, 45,000 people staged a peaceful protest in the US capital ahead of a half-million-strong demonstration<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 November 13, 1969: Anti-Vietnam \u2018March Against Death\u2019 held in Washington DC \u2013 BT.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Protests_against_the_Vietnam_War\" >Protests against the Vietnam War \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.english.illinois.edu\/maps\/vietnam\/antiwar.html\" >The Anti-War Movement in the United States \u2013 Illinois.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/spartacus-educational.com\/VNprotest.htm\" >Vietnam Protest Movement \u2013 Spartacus-Educational<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/vietnam-war\/vietnam-war-history\" >VIETNAM WAR HISTORY\u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/photobucket.com\/images\/Vietnam%20War,%201970\" >Vietnam War, 1970 Pictures &amp; Images \u2013 PhotoBucket.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.vietnamgear.com\/war1969.aspx\" >Vietnam War Timeline 1969 \u2013 1970 \u2013 VietnamGear.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1976\u00a0 <\/strong>Commercial service of <em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Concorde\" >Concorde<\/a><\/em> begins with the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Concorde#Scheduled_flights\" >London-Bahrain and Paris-Rio<\/a> routes.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Concorde:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.concordesst.com\/\" >Concorde \u2013 ConcordeSST.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/technology\/Concorde\" >Concorde \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/science.howstuffworks.com\/transport\/flight\/modern\/concorde3.htm\" >How Concordes Work \u2013 HowStuffWorks.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/military\/world\/europe\/concorde.htm\" >Concorde Supersonic Transport \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brighthub.com\/science\/aviation\/articles\/65872.aspx\" >The Concorde Airplane \u2013 TheBrightHub.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/papers.sae.org\/730351\/\" >Introduction of CONCORDE \u2013 SAE.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Concorde_aircraft_histories\" >Concorde aircraft histories \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tenfactsabout.co.uk\/0007concorde.htm\" >TEN FACTS ABOUT CONCORDE \u2013 TenFactsAbout.co.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tenfactsabout.co.uk\/0007concorde.htm\" >GREAT AIRCRAFT OF HISTORY: CONCORDE \u2013 SPARTAN \u2013 TenFactsAbout.co.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.aerospaceweb.org\/question\/planes\/q0186.shtml\" >CONCORDE HISTORY \u2013 Aerospaceweb.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Concorde Crash of July 25, 2000:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/concorde-jet-crashes\" >JUL 25, 2000: THIS DAY IN HISTORY\u00a0: Concorde jet crashes \u2013History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.askthepilot.com\/untold-concorde-story\/\" >Untold Story of the Concorde Disaster \u2013 AskThePilot.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.airsafe.com\/events\/models\/concorde.htm\" >Concorde plane crash \u2013 airsafe.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.collegetermpapers.com\/TermPapers\/Aviation\/COncorde__Success_or_Failure.shtml\" >Concorde Success or Failure \u2013 CollegeTermPapers.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nbcnews.com\/id\/29306441\/ns\/dateline_nbc-international\/t\/what-brought-down-concorde\/\" >What brought down the Concorde? , by Peter Greenberg \u2013 NBCNews.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/abcnews.go.com\/International\/story?id=83069&amp;page=1\" >Concorde\u2019s Steller Safety Record, by David Ruppe \u2013 July 26, 2000 \u2013 ABCNews.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2000\/07\/26\/world\/concord-crash-supersonic-airliner-until-now-safety-wasn-t-one-many-problems.html\" >THE CONCORDE CRASH: THE SUPERSONIC AIRLINER; Until Now Safety Wasn\u2019t One of the Many Problems, by Laurence Zuckerman and Matthew L. Wald \u2013 July 26, 2000 \u2013 The New York Times \u2013 NYTimes.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1971\u00a0 <\/strong>The current <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Emley_Moor_transmitting_station\" >Emley Moor transmitting station<\/a>, the tallest free-standing structure in the United Kingdom, begins transmitting <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/UHF\" >UHF<\/a> broadcasts.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1968\u00a0 <\/strong>A <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/B-52\" >B-52<\/a> bomber <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1968_Thule_Air_Base_B-52_crash\" >crashes<\/a> near <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Thule_Air_Base\" >Thule Air Base<\/a>, contaminating the area after its nuclear payload ruptures. One of the four bombs remains unaccounted for after the cleanup operation is complete.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>1968 Thule Air Base B52 Crash:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/onthisday\/hi\/dates\/stories\/january\/28\/newsid_2506000\/2506207.stm\" >ON THIS DAY: 28 January 1968: Radiation alert following B-52 crash \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/allabout1968.blogspot.com\/2009\/10\/1968-thule-air-base-b-52-crash.html\" >1968 Thule Air Base B52 Crash \u2013 ALL ABOUT 1968<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.thuleforum.com\/broken_arrow.htm\" >The Broken Arrow, The B52 Accident \u2013 ThuleForum.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.abovetopsecret.com\/forum\/thread1060916\/pg1\" >My view of the Thule B-52 Crash 01-21-1968 \u2013 Got this from a close friend \u2013 AboveTopSecret.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/wn.com\/1968_thule_air_base_b_52_crash\" >1968 Thule Air Base B-52 crash Top # 8 Facts \u2013 WN.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ovguide.com\/1968-thule-air-base-b-52-crash-9202a8c04000641f80000000057ebcbf\" >Watch 1968 Thule Air Base B-52 Crash Video \u2013 OVGuide.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1968\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vietnam_War\" >Vietnam War<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Khe_Sanh\" >Battle of Khe Sanh<\/a>: One of the most publicized and controversial battles of the war begins.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>1968 in Vietnam War:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1968_in_the_Vietnam_War\" >1968 in Vietnam War \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyplace.com\/unitedstates\/vietnam\/index-1965.html\" >The Jungle War 1965-1968 \u2013 The History Place presents The Vietnam War \u2013 HistoryPlace.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/history.searchbeat.com\/vietnamwar\/vietnam1968.htm\" >Vietnam War History Guide..- The History Guide\u2026- The Year 1968 Photographs \u2013 SearchBeat.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.authentichistory.com\/1961-1974\/4-vietnam\/1-overview\/4-1964-1968\/\" >Vietnam War Overview Part 4: 1964-1968 \u2013 AuthenticHistory.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyofwar.org\/articles\/wars_vietnam_1968_1975.html\" >The Vietnam War 1968-75 \u2013 HistoryOfWar.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Battle of Khe Sanh:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/vietnam-war\/battle-of-khe-sanh\" >BATTLE OF KHE SANH \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/militaryhistory.about.com\/od\/vietnamwar\/p\/khesanh.htm\" >Vietnam War \u2013 Battle of Khe Sanh \u2013 about education \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.stripes.com\/news\/special-reports\/vietnam-at-50\/the-bloody-battle-of-khe-sanh-77-days-under-siege-1.314627\" >The bloody battle of Khe Sanh: 77 days of under siege \u2013 STARS AND STRIPES \u2013 Stripes.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/militarybattle.org\/battle-of-khe-sanh\" >Battle of Khe Sanh \u2013 MilitaryBattle.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historynet.com\/battle-of-khe-sanh-recounting-the-battlescasualties.htm\" >Battle of Khe Sanh: Recounting the Battle\u2019s Casualties, by Peter Brush \u2013 HistoryNet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1961\u00a0 <\/strong>Four hundred thirty-five workers are buried alive when a mine in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Coalbrook,_Free_State\" >Coalbrook, Free State<\/a> collapses.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1960\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Little_Joe_1B\" >Little Joe 1B<\/a>, a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Project_Mercury\" >Mercury<\/a> spacecraft, lifts off from <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wallops_Island\" >Wallops Island<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Virginia\" >Virginia<\/a> with <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Miss_Sam\" >Miss Sam<\/a>, a female <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rhesus_macaque\" >rhesus monkey<\/a> on board.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1954\u00a0 <\/strong>The first <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nuclear_marine_propulsion\" >nuclear-powered<\/a> submarine, the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/USS_Nautilus_%28SSN-571%29\" >USS\u00a0<em>Nautilus<\/em><\/a>, is <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ceremonial_ship_launching\" >launched<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Groton,_Connecticut\" >Groton, Connecticut<\/a> by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mamie_Eisenhower\" >Mamie Eisenhower<\/a>, the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/First_Lady_of_the_United_States\" >First Lady of the United States<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1941\u00a0 <\/strong>Sparked by the murder of a German officer in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bucharest\" >Bucharest<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Romania\" >Romania<\/a>, the day before, members of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Iron_Guard\" >Iron Guard<\/a> engaged in a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Legionnaires%27_rebellion_and_Bucharest_pogrom\" >rebellion and pogrom<\/a> killing 125 Jews.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1931\u00a0 <\/strong>Sir <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Isaac_Isaacs\" >Isaac Isaacs<\/a> is sworn in as the first Australian-born <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Governor-General_of_Australia\" >Governor-General of Australia<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1925\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Albania\" >Albania<\/a> declares itself a republic.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>History of Albania:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Albania\" >History of Albania \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/history-of-Albania\" >History of Albania \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/motherearthtravel.com\/albania\/history-9.htm\" >History of Albania \u2013 MotherEarthTravel.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.academia.edu\/People\/History_of_Albania\" >History of Albania \u2013 Academia.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-europe-17681099\" >Albania profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/wn.com\/history_of_albania\" >Illyrian people \u2013 History of Albania \u2013 WN.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/albanianhistory.net\/\" >Texts and Documents of Albanian History \u2013 AlbanianHistory.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1919\u00a0 <\/strong>Meeting of the First <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/D%C3%A1il_%C3%89ireann\" >D\u00e1il \u00c9ireann<\/a> in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mansion_House,_Dublin\" >Mansion House<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dublin\" >Dublin<\/a>. <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sinn_F%C3%A9in\" >Sinn F\u00e9in<\/a> adopts Ireland\u2019s first constitution. The first engagement of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Irish_War_of_Independence\" >Irish War of Independence<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soloheadbeg_Ambush\" >Soloheadbeg Ambush<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/County_Tipperary\" >County Tipperary<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1915\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kiwanis_International\" >Kiwanis International<\/a> is founded in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Detroit\" >Detroit<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1908\u00a0 <\/strong>New York City passes the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sullivan_Ordinance\" >Sullivan Ordinance<\/a>, making it illegal for women to smoke in public, only to have the measure vetoed by the mayor.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1899\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Opel\" >Opel<\/a> manufactures its first automobile.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>History of Opel:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Opel#History\" >History &#8211; Opel \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/sites.google.com\/a\/cariron.com\/cariron\/o\/history-opel\" >History of Opel \u2013 google.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.autoevolution.com\/opel\/history\/\" >Opel \u2013 History \u2013 autorevolution.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1893\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tati_Concessions_Land\" >Tati Concessions Land<\/a>, formerly part of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Matabeleland\" >Matabeleland<\/a>, is formally annexed to the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bechuanaland_Protectorate\" >Bechuanaland Protectorate<\/a>, now <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Botswana\" >Botswana<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1864\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tauranga_Campaign\" >Tauranga Campaign<\/a> begins during the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/New_Zealand_Wars\" >New Zealand Wars<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1793\u00a0 <\/strong>After being found guilty of treason by the French <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/National_Convention\" >National Convention<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Louis_XVI_of_France\" >Louis XVI of France<\/a> is executed by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guillotine\" >guillotine<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>JANUARY 22<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>2015\u00a0 <\/strong>The European Central Bank (ECB) will initiate a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Quantitative_easing\" >quantitative easing<\/a> program that will involve printing euros in order to purchase government-issued debt instruments; the program will enhance existing measures to improve the economy within the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eurozone\" >Eurozone<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>ECB\u2019s Quantitative Easing of January 22, 2015:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.npr.org\/2015\/01\/22\/379157230\/european-central-bank-to-try-its-hand-at-quantitative-easing\" >European Central Bank To Try Its Hand At Quantitative Easing, by John Ydstie \u2013 January 22, 2015 \u2013 NPR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/mashable.com\/2015\/01\/22\/european-central-bank-quantitative-easing-stimulus\/#nsS8jBBNumqD\" >European Central Bank announces \u20ac1 trillion stimulus \u2013 January 22, 2015 \u2013 Mashable.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-ecb-policy-poll-idUSKBN0KV2CC20150122\" >ECB quantitative easing probably won\u2019t bring inflation up to target: economists, by Sumanta Dey \u2013 Reuters.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2015\u00a0 <\/strong>An <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Donetsk_bus_shelling_incident\" >explosion<\/a> near a civilian trolleybus in the city of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Donetsk\" >Donetsk<\/a> kills at least thirteen people.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2007\u00a0 <\/strong>At least 88 people are killed when <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/22_January_2007_Baghdad_bombings\" >two car bombs<\/a> explode in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bab_Al-Sharqi\" >Bab Al-Sharqi<\/a> market in central <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Baghdad\" >Baghdad<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Iraq\" >Iraq<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2006\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Evo_Morales\" >Evo Morales<\/a> is inaugurated as President of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bolivia\" >Bolivia<\/a>, becoming the country\u2019s first indigenous president.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1995\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Israeli%E2%80%93Palestinian_conflict\" >Israeli\u2013Palestinian conflict<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Beit_Lid_massacre\" >Beit Lid massacre<\/a>: In central <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Israel\" >Israel<\/a>, near <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Netanya\" >Netanya<\/a>, two <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Suicide_bomber\" >suicide bombers<\/a> from the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gaza_Strip\" >Gaza Strip<\/a> blow themselves up at a military transit point killing 19 Israelis.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1992\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Space_Shuttle_program\" >Space Shuttle program<\/a>: Dr. <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Roberta_Bondar\" >Roberta Bondar<\/a> becomes the first Canadian woman and the first neurologist in space.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1992\u00a0 <\/strong>Rebel forces occupy <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zaire\" >Zaire<\/a>\u2018s national radio station in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kinshasa\" >Kinshasa<\/a> and broadcast a demand for the government\u2019s resignation.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1991\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gulf_War\" >Gulf War<\/a>: Three <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Scud\" >Scuds<\/a> and one <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Patriot_missile\" >Patriot missile<\/a> hit <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ramat_Gan\" >Ramat Gan<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Israel\" >Israel<\/a>, injuring 96 people. Three elderly people die of heart attacks.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>1991 Gulf War and Its Timeline:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/persian-gulf-war\" >PERSIAN GULF WAR \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gulf_War\" >Gulf War \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/usatoday30.usatoday.com\/news\/index\/iraq\/nirq050.htm\" >1991 Gulf War chronology \u2013 USAToday.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/ipa\/A0001293.html\" >Persian Gulf War (Jan. 16, 1991-April 6, 1991) \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_Gulf_War\" >Timeline of the Gulf War \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/gulfwar1991.blogspot.com\/2010\/11\/persian-gulf-war-timeline.html\" >Persian Gulf War Timeline \u2013 PERSIAN GULF WAR<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyrocket.com\/World-War\/persian-gulf-war\/Persian-Gulf-War-Timeline.html\" >Persian Gulf War Timeline \u2013 HistoryRocket.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.warchronicle.com\/iraq\/news\/timeline_two_wars.htm\" >Gulf War to Iraq War: 2 August 1990-19 March 2003 \u2013 WarChronical.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Iraq\u2019s Scud Missile Attack on Israel:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/worldhistoryproject.org\/1991\/1\/18\/saddam-hussein-orders-the-launch-of-scud-missiles-against-israel\" >Jan 18 1991: Saddam Hussein Orders the Launch of SCUD Missiles Against Israel \u2013 WorldHistoryProject.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.thejc.com\/news\/on-day\/43832\/on-day-iraq-attacks-israel\" >On this day: Iraq attacks Israel \u2013 January 18, 1991: Scud missiles hit Israel, by Jennifer Lipman \u2013 January 18, 2011 \u2013 THE JEWISH CHRONICAL ONLINE \u2013 TheJC.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/articles.chicagotribune.com\/1991-01-19\/news\/9101060176_1_scud-missile-iraqi-held-kuwait-allied-warplanes\" >New Iraqi Attack on Israel, by Terry Atlas and David Evans \u2013 January 19, 1991 \u2013 Chicago Tribune \u2013 ChicagoTribune.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rand.org\/content\/dam\/rand\/pubs\/monograph_reports\/MR1408\/MR1408.ch3.pdf\" >COALLITION SCUD-HUNTING IN IRAQ, 1991 \u2013 pdf \u2013 Rand.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1991_in_Israel\" >1991 in Israel \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/onthisday\/hi\/dates\/stories\/january\/18\/newsid_4588000\/4588486.stm\" >ON THIS DAY: 18 January 1991: Iraq Scud missiles hit Israel \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jpost.com\/Features\/In-Thespotlight\/This-Week-in-History-Saddam-terrorizes-Israel\" >This Week in History: Saddam Hussein terrorizes Israel, by Michael Omer-Man \u2013 01\/15\/2015 \u2013 The Jerusalem Post \u2013 JPost.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.c-span.org\/video\/?15884-1\/israeli-response-scud-attack\" >Israeli Response to SCUD Attack \u2013 January 17, 1991 \u2013 C-SPAN<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fresnozionism.org\/2009\/05\/the-scuds-of-1991-and-jewish-self-defense\/\" >Scuds of 1991 and Jewish self-defense \u2013 FresnoZionism.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Scud\" >Scud \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1990\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Robert_Tappan_Morris\" >Robert Tappan Morris<\/a> is convicted of releasing the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Morris_worm\" >1988 Internet Computer worm<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1989\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> at Eastern Kazakh\/<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Semipalatinsk_Test_Site\" >Semipalitinsk<\/a> USSR.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovwpnprog.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/tests\/USSR-ntestsS.html\" >Database of nuclear tests, USSR\/Russia: overview \u2013 JohnstonArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/soviet_nuclear_testing_semipalatinsk_20th_anniversary\/24311518.html\" >Slow Death of Kazakhstan\u2019s Land Of Nuclear Tests \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty \u2013 RFRL.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/large.stanford.edu\/courses\/2014\/ph241\/powell2\/docs\/vakulchuk.pdf\" >Semipalitinsk nuclear testing: the humanitarian consequences \u2013 Norwegian Institute of International Affairs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thebulletin.org\/lasting-toll-semipalatinsks-nuclear-testing\" >The lasting toll of Semipalitinsk\u2019s nuclear testing \u2013 TheBulletin.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/12566948_External_doses_of_residents_near_Semipalatinsk_nuclear_test_site\" >External Doses of Residents near Semipalitinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 ResearchGate.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.irpa.net\/irpa10\/cdrom\/00504.pdf\" >Radiation Exposure on Residents due to Semipalitinsk Nuclear Tests \u2013 IRPA.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Effect and\/or Impact of Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/page-3-effects-of-nuclear-weapon-testing-by-the-soviet-union\/\" >Page 3: Effects of Nuclear Weapon Testing by the Soviet Union \u2013 Economic, social, and environmental impacts \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/general-overview-of-theeffects-of-nuclear-testing\/\" >GENERAL OVERVIEW OF THE EFFECTS OF NUCLEAR TESTING \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/slashdot.org\/story\/13\/08\/20\/1738213\/the-secret-effort-to-clean-up-a-former-soviet-nuclear-test-site\" >The Secret Effort To Clean Up a Former Soviet Nuclear Test Site \u2013 Slashdot.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/citeseerx.ist.psu.edu\/viewdoc\/summary?doi=10.1.1.543.8580\" >A Review of Nuclear Testing by the Soviet Union at Novaya, by Vitaly I. Khalturin , Tatyana G. Rautian , Paul G. Richards , and William S. Leith \u2013 CiteSeerX- PSU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1987\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Philippines\" >Philippine<\/a> security forces <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mendiola_massacre\" >open fire<\/a> on a crowd of 10,000\u201315,000 demonstrators at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace\" >Malaca\u00f1ang Palace<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Manila\" >Manila<\/a>, killing 13.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1984\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Apple_Macintosh\" >Apple Macintosh<\/a>, the first consumer computer to popularize the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Computer_mouse\" >computer mouse<\/a> and the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Graphical_user_interface\" >graphical user interface<\/a>, is introduced during Super Bowl XVIII with its famous <em>\u201c<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1984_%28advertisement%29\" >1984<\/a>\u201c<\/em> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Television_commercial\" >television commercial<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1973\u00a0 <\/strong>A chartered <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Boeing_707\" >Boeing 707<\/a> explodes in flames upon landing at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kano_Airport\" >Kano Airport<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nigeria\" >Nigeria<\/a>, killing 176.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1973\u00a0 <\/strong>The crew of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Apollo_17\" >Apollo 17<\/a> addresses a joint session of Congress after the completion of the final Apollo moon landing mission.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1971\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Singapore_Declaration\" >Singapore Declaration<\/a>, one of the two most important documents to the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Uncodified_constitution\" >uncodified constitution<\/a> of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Commonwealth_of_Nations\" >Commonwealth of Nations<\/a>, is issued.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1970\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Boeing_747\" >Boeing 747<\/a>, the world\u2019s first \u201cjumbo jet\u201d, enters commercial service for launch customer <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pan_American_Airways\" >Pan American Airways<\/a> with its maiden voyage from <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/John_F._Kennedy_International_Airport\" >John F. Kennedy International Airport<\/a> to <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/London_Heathrow_Airport\" >London Heathrow Airport<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1969\u00a0 <\/strong>A gunman attempts to <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Brezhnev_assassination_attempt\" >assassinate Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1968\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Operation_Igloo_White\" >Operation Igloo White<\/a>, a US electronic surveillance system to stop <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/People%27s_Army_of_Vietnam\" >communist infiltration<\/a> into <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/South_Vietnam\" >South Vietnam<\/a> begins installation.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1968\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Apollo_5\" >Apollo 5<\/a> lifts off carrying the first <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lunar_module\" >Lunar module<\/a> into space.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1963\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%C3%89lys%C3%A9e_Treaty\" >\u00c9lys\u00e9e Treaty<\/a> of cooperation between France and Germany is signed by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Charles_de_Gaulle\" >Charles de Gaulle<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Konrad_Adenauer\" >Konrad Adenauer<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00c9lys\u00e9e Treaty:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%C3%89lys%C3%A9e_Treaty\" >\u00c9lys\u00e9e Treaty &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/germanhistorydocs.ghi-dc.org\/sub_document.cfm?document_id=864\" >France-German Friendship (1963) \u2013 GHDI Documents \u2013 germanhistorydocs.ghi-dc.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cfr.org\/germany\/franco-german-joint-declaration-elysee-treaty-january-1963\/p29845\" >Franco-German Joint Declaration and \u00c9lys\u00e9e Treaty, January 1963 \u2013 Council on Foreign Relations \u2013 cfr.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/franceintheus.org\/spip.php?article4137\" >\u00c9lys\u00e9e Treaty \u2013 France in the United States &#8211; franceintheus.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.germany.info\/Elysee50\" >The \u00c9lys\u00e9e Treaty: Franco-German Partnership Bringing Europe Together \u2013 germeny.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.spiegel.de\/international\/europe\/the-elysee-treaty-has-been-a-cornerstone-of-european-stability-a-879002.html\" >Treaty Heralded New Era in Franco-German Ties \u2013 spiegel.de<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.dw.com\/en\/elys%C3%A9e-treaty-a-model-for-reconciliation\/a-16078972\" >\u00c9lys\u00e9e Treaty: A model for reconciliation \u2013 dw.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1962\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Organization_of_American_States\" >Organization of American States<\/a> suspends <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cuba\" >Cuba<\/a>\u2018s membership.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1957\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Israel\" >Israel<\/a> withdraws from the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sinai_Peninsula\" >Sinai Peninsula<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>1957 in Israel and the Sinai: Peninsula<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1957_in_Israel\" >1957 in Israel \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.famousdaily.com\/history\/israel-withdraws-from-the-sinai-peninsula.html\" >Israel withdraws from the Sinai Peninsula, by Charles-Feigelstock \u2013 FamousDaily.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/isdf\/text\/golani.html\" >The Sinai War and Suez Crisis, 1956-7, by Motti Golani \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/cosmos.ucc.ie\/cs1064\/jabowen\/IPSC\/php\/event.php?eid=151\" >Israeli invasion of Sinai and Gaza Strip (Operation Kadesh) \u2013 Cosmos.UCC.ie<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ihr.org\/jhr\/v16\/v16n2p14_Neff.html\" >How Eisenhower Forced Israel to End Occupation After Sinai Crisis, by Donald Neff \u2013 Institute for Historical Review \u2013 IHR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Sinai War (1956) and the Suez Crisis (1956-1957):<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.onwar.com\/aced\/chrono\/c1900s\/yr55\/fsinai1956.htm\" >THE SINAI WAR 1956 \u2013 onwar.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/military\/world\/war\/egypt2.htm\" >Suez Crisis\/Sinai War\/Tripartite Invasion\/1956 War \u2013 globalsecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/arab-israeli-wars-the-1956-war.html\" >Arab-Israeli Wars \u2013 The 1956 War \u2013 infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com\/1956+Sinai+war\" >Suez Crisis \u2013 1956 Sinai War \u2013 thefreedictionary.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/History\/1956toc.html\" >Israel\u2019s Wars &amp; Operations \u2013 The Sinai-Suez Campaign (October-November 1956) \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/myths3\/MF1956.html\" >Chapter 5: The 1956 Suez War \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/isdf\/text\/golani.html\" >Israel Studies: Anthology: The Sinai War and Suez Crisis (1956-7) by Motti Golani (July 2010) \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a>, <strong><em>or<\/em><\/strong> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/isdf\/text\/golani.pdf\" >the same essay on this webpage in PDF.<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Suez_Crisis\" >Suez Crisis \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/cold-war\/suez-crisis\" >SUEZ CRISIS \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1953-1960\/suez\" >The Suez Crisis, 1956 \u2013 OFFICE of the HISTORIAN \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Occupation_of_the_Gaza_Strip_by_Egypt\" >Occupation of the Gaza Strip by Egypt \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.e-education.psu.edu\/egee120\/book\/export\/html\/258\" >The Suez Crisis \u2013 Reading Assignment \u2013 PSU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/2eyeswatching.com\/2012\/02\/17\/suez-crisis-the-forgotten-war-29-october-1956\/\" >Suez Crisis, The Forgotten War 29 October 1956 \u2013 2EyesWatching.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/novaonline.nvcc.edu\/eli\/evans\/his135\/Events\/Suez56.htm\" >1956: SUEZ CANAL CRISIS \u2013 NVCC.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bodley.ox.ac.uk\/dept\/scwmss\/projects\/suez\/suez.html\" >The Suez Crisis \u2013 Bodleian Library \u2013 Bodley.ox.ac.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.reformation.org\/1956-suez-canal-crisis.html\" >The 1956 Suez Canal Crisis!! \u2013 The 1956 Suez Canal Crisis was the beginning of the decline and fall of the Papal British Empire!! \u2013 Reformation.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikisource.org\/wiki\/Great_Britain_and_the_Suez_Canal\" >THE GREAT BRITAN AND THE SUEZ CANAL by W Rathbone, MP \u2013 WikiSource.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/2\/hi\/5195582.stm\" >Suez Crisis: Key players \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/history\/british\/modern\/suez_01.shtml\" >The Suez Crisis, by Laurie Milner \u2013 History \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/hansard.millbanksystems.com\/commons\/1957\/jan\/30\/suez-canal-clearance\" >Suez Canal (Clearance) \u2013 MillBankSystems.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/egypt-opens-the-suez-canal\" >MAR 08, 1957: THIS DAY IN HISTORY \u2013 Egypt opens the Suez Canal \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/2\/hi\/middle_east\/5199392.stm\" >Suez: End of empire, by Paul Reynolds \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1946\u00a0 <\/strong>Creation of the <em>Central Intelligence Group<\/em>, forerunner of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Central_Intelligence_Agency\" >Central Intelligence Agency<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>History of the CIA:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cia.gov\/about-cia\/history-of-the-cia\/index.html\" >History of the CIA \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fas.org\/irp\/cia\/ciahist.htm\" >HISTORY \u2013 CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY \u2013 FAS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.alternet.org\/story\/58164\/the_true_--_and_shocking_--_history_of_the_cia\/\" >The True \u2013 The Shocking \u2013 History of the CIA \u2013 Alternet.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_the_Central_Intelligence_Agency\" >History of the Central Intelligence Agency \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/spartacus-educational.com\/2WWcia.htm\" >Central Intelligence Agency \u2013 Spartacus-Educational.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fas.org\/irp\/cia\/product\/fact97\/keyevent.htm\" >Key Events in CIA\u2019s History \u2013 FAS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.motherjones.com\/politics\/2013\/10\/women-cia-history-sexism\" >The Secret History of CIA Women \u2013 MotherJones.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Intelligence Service Agencies:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States_Intelligence_Community\" >United States Intelligence Community \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fas.org\/irp\/official.html\" >US Intelligence and Security Agencies \u2013 FAS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.dia.mil\/\" >Defense Intelligence Agency<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.intelligence.gov\/mission\/member-agencies.html\" >Member Agencies \u2013 Intelligence.gov<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cia.gov\/\" >CIA \u2013 Official Site<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/AppData\/Local\/Temp\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Central_Intelligence_Agency\" >\u201c<em>The <strong>Central Intelligence Agency<\/strong> (<strong>CIA<\/strong>) is a civilian foreign intelligence service of the U.S. Government, tasked with gathering, processing and analyzing national<\/em> \u2026\u201d \u2013 CIA \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/huachuca.army.mil\/files\/History_MIReader.pdf\" >US Army Military Intelligence History: A Source Book, edited by James P. Finley \u2013 (pdf)<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_intelligence_agencies\" >List of intelligence agencies \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sis.gov.uk\/\" >Secret Intelligence Service \u2013 Official Site<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/AppData\/Local\/Temp\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Secret_Intelligence_Service\" >Secret Intelligence Service \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chief_of_the_Secret_Intelligence_Service\" >Chief of the Secret Intelligence Service \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/MI6\" >MI 6 \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sis.gov.uk\/our-history\/official-history.html\" >Official Story \u2013 SIS (MI6): Secret Intelligent Service<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/notesandqueries\/query\/0,5753,-20949,00.html\" >\u201c<em>MI5 is the British security service while <strong>MI6<\/strong> is the British foreign intelligence service. Crudely, <strong>MI6<\/strong> are \u201cour\u201d spies while MI5 is there to catch \u2018their\u2019 spies<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 What\u2019s the difference between MI5 and MI6? \u2013 The Guardian<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pure.qub.ac.uk\/portal\/en\/publications\/the-secret-intelligence-service-and-the-armed-services-190949%28a3931f78-737f-4e02-bc53-1c8621d06141%29\/export.html\" >\u2018The Secret Intelligence Service and the Armed Services 1909 \u2013 1949\u2019 \u2013 Queen\u2019s University Belfast<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nsmun.ca\/uploads\/4\/4\/9\/9\/44991755\/nsmun_mi6backgrounder.pdf\" >MILITARY INTELLIGENCE, SECTION 6: SECRET INTELLIGENCE SERVICE \u2013 MISSION BRIEFING \u2013 NSMUN.ca<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/AppData\/Local\/Temp\/fas.org\/irp\/world\/israel\/mossad\" >Israeli Intelligence Agencies \u2013 FAS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/\" >Global Security website \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/searchworks.stanford.edu\/view\/3361695\" >Book: <em>Intelligence Power in Peace and War<\/em>, by Michael Herman \u2013 Cambridge University Press New York &amp; Royal Institute of International Affairs, London, 1996<\/a>, <\/strong><em>or<\/em> <em>the same book on the website of <\/em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Intelligence-Power-Peace-Michael-Herman\/dp\/0521566363\/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&amp;ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1443367807&amp;sr=1-1&amp;keywords=intelligence+power+in+war+and+peace\" >Amazon<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1946\u00a0 <\/strong>In <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Iran\" >Iran<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Qazi_Muhammad\" >Qazi Muhammad<\/a> declares the independent people\u2019s <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Republic_of_Mahabad\" >Republic of Mahabad<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chahar_Cheragh_Square\" >Chahar Cheragh Square<\/a> in the Kurdish city of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mahabad\" >Mahabad<\/a>. He is the new president and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Haji_Baba_Sheikh\" >Haji Baba Sheikh<\/a> is the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Prime_minister\" >prime minister<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1944 <\/strong>World War II: The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Allies_of_World_War_II\" >Allies<\/a> commence <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Operation_Shingle\" >Operation Shingle<\/a>, an assault on <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anzio\" >Anzio<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nettuno\" >Nettuno<\/a>, Italy.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1941\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_II\" >World War II<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/British_Empire\" >British<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Commonwealth_of_Nations\" >Commonwealth<\/a> troops capture <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tobruk\" >Tobruk<\/a> from <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Regio_Esercito\" >Italian forces<\/a> during <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Operation_Compass#Tobruk\" >Operation Compass<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1924\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ramsay_MacDonald\" >Ramsay MacDonald<\/a> becomes the first <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Labour_Party_%28UK%29\" >Labour<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom\" >Prime Minister of the United Kingdom<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1919\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Act_Zluky\" >Act Zluky<\/a> is signed, unifying the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ukrainian_People%27s_Republic\" >Ukrainian People\u2019s Republic<\/a> and the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/West_Ukrainian_National_Republic\" >West Ukrainian National Republic<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>History of Ukraine:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Ukraine\" >History of Ukraine \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.syrucc.org\/history.html\" >A BREIF HISTORY OF THE UKRAINE \u2013 SYRUCC.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/ukraine.html\" >Ukraine \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ukraine.com\/history\/\" >Ukraine \u2013 History \u2013 The Past that Shaped the Present Day Ukraine \u2013 Ukraine.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1917\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_I\" >World War I<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/President_of_the_United_States\" >President<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Woodrow_Wilson\" >Woodrow Wilson<\/a> of the still-neutral United States calls for \u201cpeace without victory\u201d in Europe.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Woodrow Wilson\u2019s Neutral Policy:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sparknotes.com\/biography\/wilson\/section8.rhtml\" >WOODROW WILSON: Neutrality in the Great War: 1914-1917 \u2013 SparkNotes.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/teachingamericanhistory.org\/library\/document\/president-wilsons-declaration-of-neutrality\/\" >President Wilson\u2019s Declaration of Neutrality \u2013 TeachingAmericanHistory.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.presidentprofiles.com\/Grant-Eisenhower\/Woodrow-Wilson-American-neutrality-1914-1916.html\" >Woodrow Wilson \u2013 American neutrality 1914-1916 \u2013 PresidentFiles.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www-personal.umd.umich.edu\/%7Eppennock\/doc-Wilsonneutrality.htm\" >19 August, 1914 \u2013 President Wilson\u2019s Declaration of Neutrality \u2013 UMich.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.firstworldwar.com\/source\/usneutrality.htm\" >Primary Documents \u2013 US Declaration of Neutrality, 19 August 1914 \u2013 FirstWorldWar.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/millercenter.org\/president\/biography\/wilson-foreign-affairs\" >Woodrow Wilson: Foreign Affairs \u2013 MillerCenter.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/edsitement.neh.gov\/curriculum-unit\/woodrow-wilson-and-foreign-policy\" >Woodrow Wilson and Foreign Policy \u2013 July 16, 2010 \u2013 Edsitement.NEH.gov<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boundless.com\/u-s-history\/textbooks\/boundless-u-s-history-textbook\/world-war-i-1914-1919-23\/american-neutrality-177\/american-neutrality-963-389\/\" >\u201c<em>Although World War I began in 1914 in Europe, the US did not join the war but instead pursued the policy of neutrality until 1917<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 American Neutrality \u2013 Boundless.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1915\u00a0 <\/strong>Over 600 people are killed in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guadalajara\" >Guadalajara<\/a>, Mexico, when a train <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guadalajara_train_disaster\" >plunges off the tracks<\/a> into a deep canyon.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1905\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bloody_Sunday_%281905%29\" >Bloody Sunday<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Saint_Petersburg\" >Saint Petersburg<\/a>, beginning of the 1905 revolution.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Bloody Sunday in St. Petersburg of January 22 (January 9 Russian Calendar), 1905:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/bloody-sunday-massacre-in-russia\" >JAN 22, 1905: THIS DAY IN HISTORY: Bloody Sunday Massacre in Russia \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/sites.google.com\/site\/imperialrussiabloodysunday1905\/\" >Imperial Russia \u2013 Bloody Sunday 1905 \u2013 Sites.Google.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historytoday.com\/richard-cavendish\/%E2%80%98bloody-sunday%E2%80%99-st-petersburg\" >Bloody Sunday in St Petersburg, by Richard Cavendish \u2013 HistoryToday.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyinanhour.com\/2012\/01\/22\/russia-bloody-sunday-1905\/\" >Russia\u2019s Bloody Sunday, 1905 \u2013 HistoryInAnHour.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Bloody-Sunday-Russia-1905\" >Bloody Sunday \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/alphahistory.com\/russianrevolution\/bloody-sunday-1905\/\" >\u201c<em>Bloody Sunday 1905 began as a relatively peaceful protest by disgruntled steel workers in St Petersburg. Angered by poor working conditions, an economic slump and the ongoing war with Japan, thousands marched on the Winter Palace to plead with Tsar Nicholas II for reform. But the tsar was not present and the workers were instead gunned down on the streets by panicky soldiers<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 BLOODY SUNDAY 1905 \u2013 AlphaHistory.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1899\u00a0 <\/strong>Leaders of six Australian colonies meet in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Melbourne\" >Melbourne<\/a> to discuss confederation.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1890\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Mine_Workers_of_America\" >United Mine Workers of America<\/a> is founded in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Columbus,_Ohio\" >Columbus, Ohio<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1889\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Columbia_Phonograph\" >Columbia Phonograph<\/a> is formed in Washington, D.C.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1879\u00a0 <\/strong>Anglo-Zulu War: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Rorke%27s_Drift\" >Battle of Rorke\u2019s Drift<\/a>: One hundred thirty-nine <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/British_Army\" >British soldiers<\/a> successfully defend their <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Garrison\" >garrison<\/a> against an onslaught by three to four thousand <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zulu_people\" >Zulu<\/a> warriors.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1879\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anglo-Zulu_War\" >Anglo-Zulu War<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Isandlwana\" >Battle of Isandlwana<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zulu_people\" >Zulu<\/a> troops decisively defeat British troops.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Anglo-Zulu War:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Anglo-Zulu-War\" >Anglo-Zulu War \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anglo-Zulu_War#Background\" >Background \u2013 Anglo-Zulu War \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/sahistory.org.za\/south-africa-1806-1899\/anglo-zulu-wars-1879-1896\" >Anglo-Zulu Wars (1879-1896) \u2013 SOUTH AFRICAN HISTORY ONLINE \u2013 SAHistory.org.za<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.moddb.com\/mods\/azw-reloaded\" >ANGLO ZULU WAR \u2013 ModDB.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/history\/british\/victorians\/zulu_01.shtml\" >Zulu \u2013 The True History, by Dr Saul David \u2013 History \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/historywarsweapons.com\/anglo-zulu-war-summary\/\" >Anglo-Zulu War (Summary) \u2013 HistoryWarsWeapons.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.anglozuluwar.com\/the-zulus\" >ANGLO ZULU WAR HISTORICAL SOCIETY \u2013 AngloZuluWar.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyofwaronline.com\/ZuluWar.html\" >Zulu War \u2013 HistoryOfWarOnline.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Anglo-Zulu War Timelines:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historic-uk.com\/HistoryUK\/HistoryofBritain\/Timeline-of-the-AngloZulu-War\/\" >Timeline of the Anglo-Zulu War \u2013 HistoricUK.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.anglozuluwar.com\/zulu-timeline\" >Timeline of Events Significant to the Zulu People \u2013 ANGLO ZULU WAR HISTORICAL SOCIETY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.walesonline.co.uk\/news\/wales-news\/zulu-war-timeline-2465556\" >Zulu War Timeline \u2013 WalesOnline.co.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.timelines.info\/history\/conflict_and_war\/18th_&amp;_19th_century_conflicts\/anglo-zulu_wars\/\" >Anlgo-Zulu Wars \u2013 Timelines.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/timelineindex.com\/content\/view\/2971\" >Anglo-Zulu War \u2013 TimelineIndex.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Battle of Isandlwana:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britishbattles.com\/zulu-war\/isandlwana.htm\" >The Battle of Isandlwana \u2013 BritishBattles.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.juniorgeneral.org\/zulu\/zulu.html\" >Battle of Isandlwana (1879 AD) \u2013 JuniorGeneral.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Isandlwana#Background\" >Background \u2013 Battle of Isandlwana \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/militaryhistory.about.com\/od\/battleswars1800s\/p\/isandlwana.htm\" >Anglo-Zulu War: Battle of Isandlwana \u2013 About Education \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/schwartz.eng.auburn.edu\/zulu\/isandlwana.html\" >Isandlwana \u2013 Auburn.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/madmonarchist.blogspot.com\/2012\/02\/battle-of-isandlwana.html\" >The Battle of Isandlwana \u2013 THE MADMONARCHIST<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.twcenter.net\/forums\/showthread.php?416794-Battle-of-Isandlwana-were-there-many-survivors\" >Battle of Isandlwana, were there many survivors? \u2013 TWCenter.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/inhistorytoday.wordpress.com\/category\/war\/anglo-zulu-war-war\/battle-of-isandlwana-anglo-zulu-war-war\/\" >Category Archives: Battle of Isandlwana \u2013 Today in History: 22 January 1879 \u2013 History for Today \u2013 InHistory.WordPress.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.blackpast.org\/gah\/battle-isandlwana-1879\" >Battle of Isandlwana (1879) \u2013 BlackPast.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/AppData\/Local\/Temp\/Battle%20of%20Isandlwana%20-%20Impi%20YaseSandlwana%2022%20January%201879\" >Battle of Isandlwana \u2013 Impi YaseSandlwana 22 January 1879 \u2013 Geni.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.military-history.org\/articles\/3-popular-myths-of-isandlwana-1879-zulu-war.htm\" >3 Popular Myths of Isandlwana \u2013 1879 Zulu War \u2013 Military-History.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1863\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/January_Uprising\" >January Uprising<\/a> breaks out in Poland, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lithuania\" >Lithuania<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Belarus\" >Belarus<\/a>. The aim of the national movement is to regain <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Polish%E2%80%93Lithuanian%E2%80%93Ruthenian_Commonwealth\" >Polish\u2013Lithuanian\u2013Ruthenian Commonwealth<\/a> from occupation by Russia.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>January Uprising of 1863:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/spuscizna.org\/spuscizna\/1863-yt.html\" >1863 \u2013 The January Uprising \u2013 Spuscizma.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.digplanet.com\/wiki\/January_Uprising_1863\" >January Uprising 1863 \u2013 DigPlanet.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_the_Polish%E2%80%93Lithuanian_Commonwealth_%281569%E2%80%931648%29\" >History of the Polish-Lithuania Commonwealth (1569-1648) \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of Poland:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Poland\" >History of Poland \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyworld.net\/wrldhis\/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=ab01\" >HISTORY OF POLAND \u2013 HistoryWorld.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/poland\/history\" >Poland \u2013 History \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/history-of-Poland\" >History of Poland \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/poland\/\" >Poland \u2013 HISTORY \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.localhistories.org\/poland.html\" >A BRIEF HISTORY OF POLAND \u2013 LocalHistories.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/vjw\/Poland.html\" >Poland \u2013 The Virtual Jewish World \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rootsweb.ancestry.com\/%7Epolwgw\/history.html\" >Timeline of Polish History \u2013 Roots Web \u2013 Ancestry.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/info-poland.buffalo.edu\/classroom\/maps\/task4.html\" >Historical Maps of Poland \u2013 Buffalo.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/world-europe-17754512\" >Poland country profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Poland and Russia:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Poland:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/geos\/pl.html\" >POLAND \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.un.org\/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=Poland\" >Poland \u2013 UN Data<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/poland.html\" >Poland \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Poland\" >Poland \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.factmonster.com\/country\/poland.html\" >Poland \u2013 FactMonster.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/geography.about.com\/od\/polandmaps\/a\/polandgeography.htm\" >Geography of Poland \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-europe-17753718\" >Poland country profile \u2013 Overview \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Foreign Relations of Poland:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.msz.gov.pl\/en\" >Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Poland<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_Poland\" >Foreign relations of Poland \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/poland\/88.htm\" >Poland \u2013 FOREIGN RELATOINS \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cfr.org\/democratization\/poland\/p30812\" >Poland \u2013 Council on Foreign Relations \u2013 CFR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Poland%E2%80%93United_States_relations\" >Poland-United States relations \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/r\/pa\/ei\/bgn\/2875.htm\" >US Relations with Poland \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Economy of Poland:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_Poland\" >Economy of Poland \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/poland-economy.html\" >Poland \u2013 Economy \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/country\/poland\" >Poland \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/poland\" >Poland \u2013 Data \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/poland\" >Poland \u2013 Index \u2013 THE HERITAGE FOUNDATION<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>History and Social Issues of Lithuania:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Lithuania\" >History of Lithuania \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.localhistories.org\/lithuania.html\" >A Short History of Lithuania \u2013 LocalHistories.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.balticsworldwide.com\/tourist\/lithuania\/history.htm\" >Lithuanian History \u2013 A Brief Chronology \u2013 BalticsWorldwide.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyworld.net\/wrldhis\/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=ac98\" >History of Lithuania \u2013 HistoryWorld.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/lithuania\/history\" >Lithuania \u2013 History \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/lithuania-history.html\" >Lithuania \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/globaledge.msu.edu\/countries\/lithuania\/history\/\" >History: Lithuania \u2013 MSU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.countriesquest.com\/europe\/lithuania\/land_and_resources\/environmental_issues.htm\" >\u201c<em>Like many countries of the former USSR, Lithuania has significant environmental problems related to pollution. Despite the growth of the country\u2019s environmental awareness since its independence from the USSR in 1991, a lack of technology, equipment, and funds make it difficult to adequately treat industrial emissions and to replace old equipment<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Land and Resources, Environmental Issues \u2013 Lithuania \u2013 CountriesQuest.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Suicide_in_Lithuania\" >Suicide in Lithuania \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.elibrary.lt\/resursai\/Mokslai\/LKA\/Monografijos\/tendency_of\/tendency_of_05.pdf\" >ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL SECURITY PROBLEMS IN LITHUANIA, by Juozas Bagdanavi\u010dius, Vladas Senkus<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Independence of Lithuania<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lokashakti.org\/encyclopedia\/movements\/722-lithuanias-independence-movement--lokashakti-encyclopedia\" >Lithuania\u2019s independence movement (1988 \u2013 1991) \u2013 LokaShakti.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/lithuania-rejects-soviet-demand-to-renounce-its-independence\" >Lithuania rejects Soviet demand to renounce its independence \u2013 March 17, 1990 \u2013 THIS DAY IN HISTORY \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/odyg.wordpress.com\/2011\/01\/12\/lithuanian-independence-january-13-1991\/\" >Lithuanian Independence \u2013 January 13, 1991 \u2013 WordPress.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.garywallace.net\/index.php\/2010\/03\/11\/11-march-1990-lithuania-declared-independence-from-the-soviet-union\/\" >11 March 1990: Lithuania Declared Independence From the Soviet Union \u2013 GarryWallice.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/2\/hi\/europe\/country_profiles\/2133386.stm\" >Timeline: Lithuania \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Russia and the Baltic States:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.businessinsider.com\/russia-reviews-baltic-states-independence-2015-6\" >\u201c<em>Russia is going to review whether or not it was legal for the Soviet Union to recognize the Baltic states as independent nearly 25 years ago, according to a report by\u00a0Interfax<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Russia is reviewing the \u2018legality\u2019 of Baltic states\u2019 independence, by Barbara Tasch \u2013 June 30, 2015 \u2013 BusinessInsider.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.baltictimes.com\/russia_and_the_baltic_states__time_to_get_the_legal_facts_right\/\" >Russia and the Baltic States: Time to Get the Legal Facts Right \u2013 2015-07-06 \u2013 by Peter Van Elsuwege \u2013 BalticTimes.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Russians_in_the_Baltic_states\" >Russians in the Baltic states \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/2015\/07\/01\/us-russia-baltics-idUSKCN0PB4M520150701\" >\u201c<em>The Baltic states declared independence in 1990 and 1991, and activists in Lithuania and Latvia were killed in attempts by Soviet forces to quell rebellion. The events have been a matter of particular sensitivity in the three countries since Russia annexed Crimea from Ukraine, another former Soviet republic\u2026. Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia have Russian-speaking minorities and were unnerved by a statement by Putin last year declaring Moscow had the right to intervene with military force if necessary to protect Russian speakers abroad<\/em>.\u201d Russia tries to soothe Baltic states over independence review \u2013 July 1, 2015 \u2013 Reuters.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/europe\/russia\/11423416\/How-do-we-protect-the-Baltic-States.html\" >How do we protect the Baltic States?, by David Blair, graphic by Sam Dodge, 19 Feb. 2015 \u2013 Telegraph.co.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/politics\/2015\/feb\/19\/russia-a-threat-to-baltic-states-after-ukraine-conflict-warns-michael-fallon\" >Russia a threat to Baltic states after Ukraine conflict, warns Michael Fallon \u2013 19 Feb. 2015 \u2013 theguardian.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.newsweek.com\/putin-sets-his-sights-baltic-states-353682\" >Putin Sets His Sights on the Baltic States, by Halle Dale \u2013 7\/14\/15 \u2013 Newsweek.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of Belarus:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Belarus\" >History of Belarus \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.belarus.by\/en\/about-belarus\/history\" >Belarus history \u2013 Belerus.by<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.belarusguide.com\/as\/archiv\/web_pages\/novik\/history.htm\" >History \u2013 Belarus \u2013 BelarusGuide.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/belarus\/history\" >Belarus \u2013 History \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.belarusguide.com\/as\/history\/history.html\" >HISTORY OF BELARUS \u2013 (Great Litva) \u2013 Articles about the History of Belarus \u2013 BelarusGuide.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/belarus-history.html\" >Belarus \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.studylands.com\/guide\/BY-history.htm\" >A Brief History of Belarus \u2013 StudyLands.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/vjw\/Belarus.html\" >Belarus \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/belarusdigest.com\/story\/belarus-russia-history-disintegration-15096\" >Belarus-Russia: History Of Disintegration \u2013 BelarusDigest.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/belarusdigest.com\/category\/free-tags\/belarus-russia-relations\" >Belarus-russia Relations \u2013 BelarusDigest.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Belarus%E2%80%93Russia_relations\" >Belarus-Russia relations \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1849\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Second_Anglo-Sikh_War\" >Second Anglo-Sikh War<\/a>: The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Siege_of_Multan\" >Siege of Multan<\/a> ends after nine months when the last <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikhism\" >Sikh<\/a> defenders of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Multan\" >Multan<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Punjab_region\" >Punjab<\/a>, surrender.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Siege of Multan:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Siege_of_Multan\" >Siege of Multan \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/on-this-day\/22-january-1849-the-siege-of-multan-ended-in-second-anglo-sikh-war\" >22 January 1849: The Siege of Multan ended in Second Anglo-Sikh War \u2013 mapofindia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Second Anglo-Sikh War:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Second_Anglo-Sikh_War\" >Second Anglo-Sikh War \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sikh-history.com\/sikhhist\/events\/anglosikhwars2.html\" >Second Anglo-Sikh War \u2013 sikh-history.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.allaboutsikhs.com\/historical-events\/second-anglo-sikh-war-chillianwala\" >Second Anglo-Sikh War. Chillianwala \u2013 allaboutsikhs.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sikhiwiki.org\/index.php\/Anglo_Sikh_War_II\" >Anglo-Sikh War II \u2013 sikhiwiki.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.importantindia.com\/9656\/why-the-second-anglo-sikh-war-did-take-place\/\" >Why the Second Anglo Sikh War did take place? \u2013 importantindia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>_________________________________________________<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>(<em>Sources and references:<\/em><\/strong><em> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/january_16\u00a0\u00a0 january<strong>_22<\/strong>; http:\/\/www.onthisday.com\/events\/january\/16 \u00a0\u00a0to <strong>january\/22<\/strong>;\u00a0\u00a0 <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brainyhistory.com\/days\/january_16.html\" >http:\/\/www.brainyhistory.com\/days\/january_16.html<\/a>.\u00a0\u00a0 to <strong>january_22.html<\/strong>; and other pertinent web sites and\/or documents, mentioned above.<\/em><strong>)<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><em>The views expressed in the cited or quoted websites and\/or documents in this article do not necessarily reflect those of the author of this article. These websites and\/or documents are cited or quoted for academic or educational purposes. Neither the author of this article nor the Transcend Media Service (TMS) is responsible for the contents, information, or whatsoever contained in these websites and\/or documents.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>One of the primary purposes of this article is to provide the readers with opportunities to think about \u201cpeace\u201d, including positive peace and negative peace as well as external\/outer peace and internal\/inner peace, and more, directly or indirectly, from various angles and\/or in the broadest sense, through historical events. It is because this article is prepared specifically for the TMS whose main objective is to address \u201cpeace\u201d.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><em>Satoshi Ashikaga, having worked as researcher, development program\/project officer, legal protection\/humanitarian assistance officer, human rights monitor-negotiator, managing-editor, and more, prefers a peaceful and prudent life, especially that in communion with nature.\u00a0 His previous work experiences, including those in war zones and war-torn zones, remind him of the invaluableness of peace.\u00a0 His interest and\/or expertise includes international affairs, international law, jurisprudence, economic and business affairs, project\/operations or organizational management, geography, history, the environmental\/ecological issues, science and technology, visual\/audio documentation of nature and culture, and more. Being a member of the <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/\" ><em>TRANSCEND Network for Peace, Development and Environment<\/em><\/a><em>, he is currently compiling <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/category\/history\/\" >This Week in History<\/a> <em>on <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/\" >TMS<\/a><em>.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Jan 16-22 ~ QUOTE OF THE WEEK: \u201cYou didn\u2019t want to be my friend in elementary school.  You didn\u2019t want to be my friend in junior high school.  And you certainly weren\u2019t my friend in high school.  Why on Earth do you want to be my Facebook friend today?\u201d \u2013 William E Lewis Jr.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[148],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-84636","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-history"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/84636","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=84636"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/84636\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=84636"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=84636"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=84636"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}