{"id":86569,"date":"2017-02-13T12:00:35","date_gmt":"2017-02-13T12:00:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/?p=86569"},"modified":"2017-02-07T14:44:26","modified_gmt":"2017-02-07T14:44:26","slug":"this-week-in-history-115","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2017\/02\/this-week-in-history-115\/","title":{"rendered":"This Week in History"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/TWH-logo.jpeg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-62806\" src=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/TWH-logo.jpeg\" width=\"500\" height=\"276\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><em>Feb 13-19<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><strong>QUOTE OF THE WEEK:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><strong><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.brainyquote.com\/quotes\/quotes\/h\/helenkelle164579.html?src=t_hope\" >\u201cOptimism is the faith that leads to achievement.\u00a0 Nothing can be done without hope and confidence.\u201d<\/a><\/em><\/strong><strong> \u2013 <\/strong>Helen Keller<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>FEBRUARY 13<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Today is the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_Radio_Day\" >WORLD RADIO DAY<\/a>:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>2012\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/European_Space_Agency\" >European Space Agency<\/a> (ESA) conducted the first launch of the European <em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vega_%28rocket%29\" >Vega<\/a><\/em> rocket from Europe\u2019s spaceport in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kourou\" >Kourou<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/French_Guiana\" >French Guiana<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Vega (European Space Agency):<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vega_(rocket)\" >Vega (rocket) \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.esa.int\/Our_Activities\/Launchers\/VEGA_animation\" >VEGA (animation) \u2013 esa.int<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.spacelaunchreport.com\/vega.html\" >Space Launch Report: ESA VEGA \u2013 spacelaunchreport.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.esa.int\/Our_Activities\/Observing_the_Earth\/The_Living_Planet_Programme\/Earth_Explorers\/ADM-Aeolus\/Vega_to_launch_ESA_s_wind_mission\" >VEGA TO LAUNCH ESA\u2019S WIND MISSION \u2013 esa.int<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2012\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brainyhistory.com\/events\/2012\/february_13_2012_398525.html\" >The credit ratings of European Union members including Italy, Malta, Portugal, Slovakia and Spain are downgraded by Moody\u2019s Investors Service<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>European Union Credit Rating of 2012 by Moody\u2019s:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/money.cnn.com\/2012\/02\/13\/markets\/moodys_europe_downgrade\/index.htm\" >Moody\u2019s downgrades European countries, by James O\u2019Toole \u2013 February 14, 2012 \u2013 CNN Money \u2013 CNN<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.moodys.com\/credit-ratings\/European-Union-credit-rating-600049532\" >European Union \u2013 Moody\u2019s \u2013 Moodys.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moody\" >Moody\u2019s credit ratings \u2013 Moody\u2019s Investors Service \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.eif.org\/who_we_are\/credit_rating\/moodys_eif_rating_2012.pdf\" >Moody\u2019s Investors Service \u2013 Credit Opinion: European Investment Fund \u2013 Global Credit Research 12 Nov 2012 \u2013 EIF.org \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_countries_by_credit_rating\" >List of countries by credit rating \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2011\u00a0 <\/strong>For the first time in more than 100 years the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Confederated_Tribes_of_the_Umatilla_Indian_Reservation\" >Umatilla<\/a>, an <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/American_Indian_tribe\" >American Indian tribe<\/a>, are able to hunt and harvest a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bison\" >bison<\/a> just outside <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yellowstone_National_Park\" >Yellowstone National Park<\/a>, restoring a centuries-old tradition guaranteed by a treaty signed in 1855.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Treaty signed between the United States and Various Native Americans:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Text of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ccrh.org\/comm\/river\/treaties\/blackfeet.htm\" >Blackfeet Treaty of Fort Benson, 1855 \u2013 CCRH.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Text of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ccrh.org\/comm\/river\/treaties\/nezperce.htm\" >Nez Perce Treaty, 1855 \u2013 CCRH.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Treaty_of_Washington_%281855%29\" >Treaty of Washington (1855) \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Text of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/digital.library.okstate.edu\/kappler\/Vol2\/treaties\/wya0677.htm\" >Treaty with the Wyandot, 1855 \u2013 OkState.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Text of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/digital.library.okstate.edu\/kappler\/Vol2\/treaties\/chi0685.htm\" >Treaty with the Chippewa, 1855 \u2013 OkState.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2010\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2010_Pune_bombing\" >A bomb explodes<\/a> in the city of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pune\" >Pune<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Maharashtra\" >Maharashtra<\/a>, India, killing 17 and injuring 60 more.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2008\u00a0 <\/strong>Australian Prime Minister <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kevin_Rudd\" >Kevin Rudd<\/a> makes a historic apology to the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indigenous_Australians\" >Indigenous Australians<\/a> and the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Stolen_Generations\" >Stolen Generations<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Kevin Rudd\u2019s Apology:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.news.com.au\/national\/pm-moves-to-heal-the-nation\/story-e6frfkw9-1111115539560\" >Kevin Rudd\u2019s national apology to Stolen Generations \u2013 February 13, 2008 \u2013 News.com.au<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.australia.gov.au\/about-australia\/our-country\/our-people\/apology-to-australias-indigenous-peoples\" >Apology to Australia\u2019s Indigenous peoples \u2013 Australia.gov.au<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/commentisfree\/2013\/may\/26\/sorry-history-australia-apology-indigenous\" >The sorry history of Australia\u2019s apology, by Robert Manne \u2013 May 26, 2013 \u2013 TheGuardian.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Indigenous Australians:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indigenous_Australians#History\" >History \u2013 Indigenous Australians \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/australianmuseum.net.au\/indigenous-australia\" >INDIGENOUS AUSTRALIANS OVERVIEW \u2013 AustralianMuseum.net.au<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/ngm.nationalgeographic.com\/2013\/06\/aboriginal-australians\/finkel-text\" >Australia\u2019s Aboriginals \u2013 NationalGeographic.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.aihw.gov.au\/indigenous-australians\/\" >Indigenous Australians \u2013 AIHW.gov.au<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.indigenousaustralia.info\/\" >Indigenous Australia \u2013 IndigenousAustralia.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.australia.com\/en\/things-to-do\/aboriginal-australia.html\" >ABORIGINAL AUSTRALIA \u2013 Australia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Stolen Generations:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/people.howstuffworks.com\/stolen-generation.htm\" >What Was Australia\u2019s Stolen Generation? \u2013 HowStuffWorks.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Stolen_Generations#Historical_debates_over_the_Stolen_Generations\" >Historical debates over the Stolen Generations \u2013 Stolen Generations \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.stolengenerationstestimonies.com\/\" >Stolen Generations\u2019 TESTIMONIES \u2013 StolenGeneratinsTestimonies.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.creativespirits.info\/aboriginalculture\/politics\/a-guide-to-australias-stolen-generations#axzz3zQBAMmiu\" >A Guide to Australia\u2019s Stolen Generations \u2013 CreativeSpirits.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/content.time.com\/time\/magazine\/article\/0,9171,998067,00.html\" >The Stolen Generation, by Terry Mccarthy \u2013 Monday, Oct. 02, 2000 \u2013 TIME<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.racismnoway.com.au\/teaching-resources\/factsheets\/52.html\" >Fact Sheets \u2013 The Stolen Generations \u2013 RacismNoWay.com.au<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.australia.gov.au\/about-australia\/australian-story\/sorry-day-stolen-generations\" >Sorry Day and the Stolen Generations \u2013 Australia.gov.au<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.creativespirits.info\/aboriginalculture\/politics\/stolen-generations-timeline#axzz3zQBAMmiu\" >Stolen Generations Timeline \u2013 CreativeSpirits.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/commentisfree\/2014\/mar\/21\/john-pilger-indigenous-australian-families\" >Another stolen generation: how Australis still wrecks Aboriginal families \u2013 John Pilger \u2013 March 21, 2014 \u2013 TheGuardian.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Tasmanian Aboriginal People:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aboriginal_Tasmanians\" >Aboriginal Tasmanians \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.aboriginalartonline.com\/regions\/tasmania.php\" >Tasmanian Aboriginal People and History \u2013 AboriginalArtOnline.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Tasmanian Genocide<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/sites.google.com\/site\/aboriginalgenocide\/\" >Aboriginal Genocide \u2013 Google.com\/site\/aboriginalGenocide<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pyramidofhate410.wiki.hhh.k12.ny.us\/Tasmanian+Genocide\" >\u201c\u2018Don\u2019t let them cut me up, but bury me behind the mountains.\u2019 \u2013 <em>Truganini, the last Tasmanian.<\/em> <em>In this quote, Truganani, the last living full blooded Tasmanian, is begging to be buried in her homeland when she dies. It was a custom in Tasmania for the dead to be buried where they were born. But Truganini was instead buried in Hobart and eventually exhumed. Her body was displayed in a museum until the 1900s when a lot of fuss finally allowed her ashes to be scattered in Tasmania.\u201d <\/em>\u2013 The Tasmanian Genocide (1817-1876) \u2013 Tasmanian Genocide \u2013 PyramidOfHate410<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historytoday.com\/tom-lawson\/british-genocide-tasmania\" >\u201c<em>The question of whether indigenous Australians were victims of genocide has caused great angst in Australian politics and culture. Wide-ranging public debates \u2013 known as the History Wars \u2013 took place throughout the country in the 1990s and early 2000s about the historical treatment of indigenous peoples, which centred on whether that treatment amounted to genocide and, crucially, what that would mean for current community relations. In Britain such debates were viewed with curiosity, a society on the other side of the world going through a process of coming to its terms with its past, as if that was nothing to do with us<\/em>\u2026\u201d \u2013 A British Genocide in Tasmania, by Tom Lawson \u2013 History Today Volume 64 Issue 7 July 2014 \u2013 HistoryToday.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/combatgenocide.org\/?page_id=146\" >\u201c<em>For 10,000 years the population of the island of Tasmania lived in complete isolation from the rest of humanity. In 1803 the government of Britain began to settle Australia with criminals. 73 years later the last Tasmanian died. This completed the total annihilation of the residents of Tasmania 6,000 in total, by the Australian settlers<\/em>.\u201d<strong> \u2013 <\/strong>THE TASMANICAN GENOCIDE \u2013 THE COMBAT GENOCIDE ASSOCIATION \u2013 CombatGenocide.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/theanarchistlibrary.org\/library\/anonymous-tasmanian-genocide\" >Tasmanian Genocide \u2013 Anonymous \u2013 TheAnarchistLibrary.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/pm\/stories\/s746130.htm\" >\u201c<em>In a book launched this week, Keith Windschuttle argues that the genocide was a myth, which began as a vendetta against Van Diemen Land\u2019s Governor George Arthur, and has been perpetuated by historians ever since\u2026.He argues only 118 Tasmanian Aborigines were killed directly by the British. The rest died from a lethal cocktail of introduced diseases<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Historian dismisses Tasmanian aboriginal genocide \u201cmyth\u201d \u2013 PM \u2013 Thursday, 12 December 2002 \u2013 ABC.net.au<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2002\/oct\/14\/australia.features11\" >\u201c<em>Yet while European notions of blood are not as catholic in their liberating possibilities for identity as initiation into the Law, it is in these notions of blood which denied Tasmanians their identity for so long, that Aboriginal Tasmanians now find themselves writhing in a new torment. A people who suffered so completely from a racist ideology, and whose very existence was denied for over a century, now have to face once more their recurrent, mocking fate: the derision of a world that, in the end, still thinks they don\u2019t exist<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 The Lost Tribe \u2013 October 14, 2002 \u2013 TheGuardian.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/25482686?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents\" >From Terror to Genocide: Britain\u2019s Tasmanian Penal Colony and Australia\u2019s History Wars, by Benjamin Madley \u2013 JSTOR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2007\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Taiwan\" >Taiwan<\/a> opposition leader <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ma_Ying-jeou\" >Ma Ying-jeou<\/a> resigns as the chairman of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kuomintang\" >Kuomintang<\/a> party after being indicted on charges of embezzlement during his tenure as the mayor of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Taipei\" >Taipei<\/a>; Ma also announces his candidacy for the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Republic_of_China_presidential_election,_2008\" >2008 presidential election<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2004\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Harvard%E2%80%93Smithsonian_Center_for_Astrophysics\" >Harvard\u2013Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics<\/a> announces the discovery of the universe\u2019s largest known <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Diamond\" >diamond<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/White_dwarf\" >white dwarf<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Star\" >star<\/a> <em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/BPM_37093\" >BPM 37093<\/a><\/em>. Astronomers named this star \u201cLucy\u201d after <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Beatles\" >The Beatles<\/a>\u2018 song \u201c<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lucy_in_the_Sky_with_Diamonds\" >Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds<\/a>\u201c.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2001\u00a0 <\/strong>An <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2001_El_Salvador_earthquakes\" >earthquake<\/a> measuring 6.6 on the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Richter_magnitude_scale\" >Richter magnitude scale<\/a> hits <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/El_Salvador\" >El Salvador<\/a>, killing at least 400.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2000\u00a0 <\/strong>The last original \u201c<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Peanuts\" >Peanuts<\/a>\u201d <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Comic_strip\" >comic strip<\/a> appears in newspapers one day after <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Charles_M._Schulz\" >Charles M. Schulz<\/a> dies.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Peanuts and Charles M Schulz:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Peanuts#End_of_Peanuts\" >End of Peanuts \u2013 <em>Peanuts<\/em> \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Charles_M._Schulz#Career\" >Career \u2013 Charles M Schulz \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/schulzmuseum.org\/\" >Charles Schulz Museum \u2013 SchulzMuseum.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.notablebiographies.com\/Ro-Sc\/Schulz-Charles-M.html\" >Charles M Schulz Biography \u2013 Encyclopedia of World Biography \u2013 NotableBiographies.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.com\/2013\/11\/26\/charles-schulz-birthday_n_4339337.html\" >20 Things You Didn\u2019t Know About Charles Schulz \u2013 11\/26\/2013 \u2013 HuffingtonPost.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1991\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gulf_War\" >Gulf War<\/a>: Two laser-guided \u201c<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Smart_bomb\" >smart bombs<\/a>\u201d destroy the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Amiriyah_shelter_bombing\" >Amiriyah shelter<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Baghdad\" >Baghdad<\/a>. Allied forces said the bunker was being used as a military communications outpost, but over 400 Iraqi civilians inside were killed.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Laser Guided Smart Bombs:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/1991\/02\/26\/science\/invention-that-shaped-the-gulf-war-the-laser-guided-bomb.html\" >Invention That Shaped the Gulf War: the Laser-Guided Bomb, by Malcolm M Browne \u2013 February 26, 1991 \u2013 The New York Times \u2013 NYTimes.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fas.org\/man\/dod-101\/sys\/smart\/lgb.htm\" >Laser Guided Bombs \u2013 FAS.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/deoxy.org\/wc\/wc-myth.htm\" >US Bombing: The Myth of Surgical Bombing in the Gulf War, by Paul Walker \u2013 Deoxy.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.groundreport.com\/us-drops-super-expensive-laser-guided-bombs-on-mortar-position-in-iraq\/\" >US DROPS SUPER EXPENSIVE \u201cLASER-GUDIED\u201d BOMBS ON MORTAR POSTION IN IRAQ? , by Robert Tilford \u2013 Aug 9, 2014 \u2013 GroundReport.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guided_bomb\" >Guided bomb \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Precision-guided_munition\" >Precision-guided munition \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/abcnews.go.com\/Technology\/story?id=97687&amp;page=1\" >\u2018Enhanced\u2019 Smart Bomb Used in Iraq Strikes \u2013 ABCNews.go.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.csmonitor.com\/2002\/1022\/p01s01-wosc.html\" >\u2018Smarter\u2019 bombs still hit civilians, by Scott Peterson \u2013 October 22, 2002 \u2013 The Christian Science Monitor \u2013 CSMonitor.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>1991 Gulf War and Its Timelines:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/persian-gulf-war\" >PERSIAN GULF WAR \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gulf_War\" >Gulf War \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/usatoday30.usatoday.com\/news\/index\/iraq\/nirq050.htm\" >1991 Gulf War chronology \u2013 USAToday.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/ipa\/A0001293.html\" >Persian Gulf War (Jan. 16, 1991-April 6, 1991) \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_Gulf_War\" >Timeline of the Gulf War \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/gulfwar1991.blogspot.com\/2010\/11\/persian-gulf-war-timeline.html\" >Persian Gulf War Timeline \u2013 PERSIAN GULF WAR<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyrocket.com\/World-War\/persian-gulf-war\/Persian-Gulf-War-Timeline.html\" >Persian Gulf War Timeline \u2013 HistoryRocket.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.warchronicle.com\/iraq\/news\/timeline_two_wars.htm\" >Gulf War to Iraq War: 2 August 1990-19 March 2003 \u2013 WarChronical.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1990\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/German_reunification\" >German reunification<\/a>: An agreement is reached on a two-stage plan to reunite Germany.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>German Unification and the Unification Treaty:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.thenation.com\/article\/february-13-1990-agreement-reached-plan-reunify-germany\/\" >February 13, 1990: Agreement Is Reached on a Plan to Unify Germany \u2013 The Nation \u2013 TheNation.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Text of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/cgerli.org\/fileadmin\/user_upload\/interne_Dokumente\/Legislation\/unification_treaty.pdf\" >German Unification Treaty \u2013 <strong>Treaty between the Federal Republic of Germany and the German Democratic Republic on the Establishment on German Unity<\/strong> \u2013 pdf \u2013 CGERLI.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/digitalcommons.law.umaryland.edu\/cgi\/viewcontent.cgi?article=2819&amp;context=mlr\" >The Constitutional Law of German Unification, by Peter E. Quint \u2013 Maryland Law Review Volume 50, Issue 3 \u2013 pdf \u2013 Maryland.edu<\/a>, <\/em><strong>or<\/strong><em> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/43194244_The_Constitutional_Law_of_German_Unification\" >on this site of ResearchGate.net<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/scholarship.law.berkeley.edu\/cgi\/viewcontent.cgi?article=1740&amp;context=facpubs\" >Constitutional Change and Constitutional Legitimation: The Example of German Unification, by Paul M. Schwartz \u2013 Berkeley Law Scholarship Repository \u2013 1-1-1994 \u2013 pdf \u2013 Berkeley.edu<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/history.state.gov\/countries\/issues\/german-unification\" >ISSUES RELEVANT TO US FOREIGN POLICY: UNIFICATION OF GERMAN STATES \u2013 OFFICE of the HISTORIAN \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/law.nd.edu\/news\/13557-human-dignity-and-freedom-rights\/\" >What distinguishes Germany\u2019s Basic Law from the United States Constitution? \u2013 Published in Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, FAZ.NET (May 18, 2009) \u2013 University of Notre Dame \u2013 The Law School \u2013 ND.edu<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.constitutionnet.org\/country\/constitutional-history-germany\" >Constitutional history of Germany \u2013 ConstitutionNet.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>German Reunification:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/east-and-west-germany-reunite-after-45-years\" >OCT 3, 1990: THIS DAY IN HISTORY: East and West Germany unite after 45 years \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/worldhistoryproject.org\/1990\/10\/3\/reunification-of-germany\" >OCT 3 1990 \u2013 Reunification of Germany \u2013 WorldHistoryProject.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/German-reunification\" >German unification \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tatsachen-ueber-deutschland.de\/en\/history\/main-content-03\/1990-reunification.html\" >Unification \u2013 Facts about Germany<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/icv.vlada.cz\/en\/tema\/reunification-of-germany-3-october-1990-77010\/\" >Unification of Germany 3 October 1990 \u2013 Vlada.cz<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.timeanddate.com\/holidays\/germany\/german-unity-day\" >Day of German Unity in Germany \u2013 TimeAndDate.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/blogs.reuters.com\/global\/2010\/09\/29\/the-dark-side-of-german-reunification\/\" >The dark side of German unification, by Erick Kirschbaum \u2013 September 29, 2010 \u2013 Reuters<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.levyinstitute.org\/pubs\/hili67a.pdf\" >The Economic Consequences of German Unification: The Impact of Misguided Macroeconomic Policies, by J\u00f6rg Bibow \u2013 No. 67A, 2001 \u2013 Public Policy Brief Highlights<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.questia.com\/library\/history\/european-history\/germany\/germany-since-1945\/german-unification-1990\" >List of some books on German unification of 1990<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/eastgermany.info\/GermanReunification.htm\" >German Reunification \u2013 Foreign Reservations about German Reunification \u2013 High Cost of Reunification \u2013 EastGermany.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/diplomacy.state.gov\/berlinwall\/www\/exhibitions\/germany-east-and-west-unite.html\" >Germany: East and West Unite \u2013 US Diplomacy Center<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.academia.edu\/Documents\/in\/German_Unification_1989-1990\" >German Unification 1989-1990 \u2013 Academia.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/diplomacy.state.gov\/berlinwall\/www\/archive\/index.html\" >Articles and other relevant materials on Germany in the post-World War II \u2013 US Diplomacy Center<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.english-online.at\/current_affairs\/german-reunification\/reunited-germany-20-years-later.htm\" >German Reunification 20 Years Later<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sjsu.edu\/faculty\/watkins\/germanunif.htm\" >The Economics of the Unification of Germany \u2013 SJSU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Germany:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/geos\/gm.html\" >Germany \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/germany\/\" >Germany \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Germany\" >Germany \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Germany\" >Germany \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/germany.html\" >Germany \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.germany.travel\/en\/travel-information\/germany-at-a-glance\/germany-at-a-glance.html?utm_source=bing&amp;utm_medium=cpc&amp;utm_term=Germany&amp;utm_content=8520527451-20601799177&amp;utm_campaign=AN:GNTO%7CPB:M%7CTT:SN%7CCD:Locations%7CCS:Country\" >Germany at a glance: a brief summary of important facts<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.germany.info\/\" >Welcome to Germany.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.reuters.com\/places\/germany\" >Germany \u2013 REUTERS<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Foreign Relations of Germany:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_Germany\" >Foreign relations of Germany \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/germanysara.weebly.com\/foreign-relations.html\" >Germany \u2013 foreign relation \u2013 Weebly.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/r\/pa\/ei\/bgn\/3997.htm\" >US Relations with Germany \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/usforeignpolicy.about.com\/od\/countryprofil2\/p\/usgermany.htm\" >The Relationship of the United States with Germany \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/study.com\/academy\/lesson\/foreign-relations-of-germany-diplomatic-missions-contributions-alliances.html\" >Foreign Relations of Germany: Diplomatic Missions, Contributions &amp; Alliances \u2013 Study.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cfr.org\/region\/germany\/ri281\" >Germany \u2013 Council on Foreign Relations \u2013 CFR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.photius.com\/countries\/germany\/government\/germany_government_foreign_relations.html\" >Germany Foreign Relations \u2013 Photius.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.german-foreign-policy.com\/en\/news\/\" >GERMAN-FOREIGN-POLICY \u2013 German-Foreign-Policy.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.germany.info\/Vertretung\/usa\/en\/06__Foreign__Policy__State\/00\/__Home.html\" >Foreign Policy &amp; State \u2013 Germany.info<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>History of Germany:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Germany\" >History of Germany \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/motherearthtravel.com\/history\/germany\/\" >History of Germany \u2013 MotherEarthTravel.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/history-of-Germany\" >History of Germany \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/germany-history.html\" >Germany \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyworld.net\/wrldhis\/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=ac62\" >HISTORY OF GERAMNY \u2013 HistoryWorld.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nationsonline.org\/oneworld\/History\/Germany-history.htm\" >Outline of Germany\u2019s History \u2013 NationslOnline.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.germanculture.com.ua\/library\/history\/bl_german_history.htm\" >German HISTORY \u2013 All Facts and Events \u2013 GermanCulture.com.ua<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.justgermany.org\/germany-history.asp\" >GERMANY HISTORY \u2013 GERAMNY TRAVEL \u2013 JustGermany.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.musicillustratedmagazine.com\/q\/Foreign_relations_of_East_Germany\" >Foreign relations of East Germany \u2013 MusicIllustratedMagazine.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nazi_Germany\" >Nazi Germany \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><u><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ushmm.org\/wlc\/en\/article.php?ModuleId=10005203\" >German Foreign Policy 1933-1945 \u2013 Holocaust Encyclopedia<\/a><\/u><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theholocaustexplained.org\/ks3\/the-nazi-rise-to-power\/economic-issues\/1919-1933-an-economic-overview\/#.VgAVu5eufX4\" >1919-1933: an economic review \u2013 THE HOLOCAUSE EXPLAINED \u2013 TheHolocaustExplained.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><u><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.german-way.com\/history-and-culture\/germany\/history-of-germany\/\" >History of Germany \u2013 Germany is Younger Than You Think \u2013 The German Way &amp; More \u2013 German-Way.com<\/a><\/u><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sjsu.edu\/faculty\/watkins\/germany.htm\" >THE ECONOMIC HISTORY OF GERMANY \u2013 SJSU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.everyculture.com\/Ge-It\/Germany.html\" >Germany \u2013 Culture \u2013 EveryCulture.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldatlas.com\/webimage\/countrys\/europe\/germany\/detimeln.htm\" >Germany Timeline \u2013 WorldAtlas.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_German_history\" >Timeline of German History \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-europe-17301646\" >Germany profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Economy of Germany:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/country\/germany\" >Germany \u2013 THE WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/germany\" >Germany \u2013 Data \u2013 THE WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_Germany\" >Economy of Germany \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/germany\" >Germany \u2013 Heritage Foundation<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/germany-economy.html\" >Germany \u2013 Economy \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/useconomy.about.com\/od\/worldeconomy\/p\/Germany.htm\" >Germany\u2019s Economy \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/country.eiu.com\/Germany\" >Germany \u2013 The Economist<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sjsu.edu\/faculty\/watkins\/germany.htm\" >THE ECONOMIC HISTORY OF GERMANY \u2013 SJSU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nationmaster.com\/country-info\/profiles\/Germany\/Economy\" >Germany Economy Stats \u2013 NationMaster.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1984\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Konstantin_Chernenko\" >Konstantin Chernenko<\/a> succeeds the late <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yuri_Andropov\" >Yuri Andropov<\/a> as general secretary of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >Communist Party of the Soviet Union<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Konstantin Chernenko:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Konstantin_Chernenko\" >Konstantin Chernenko \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/russiapedia.rt.com\/prominent-russians\/leaders\/konstantin-chernenko\/\" >Prominent Russians: Konstantin Chernenko \u2013 rt.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/chernenko-becomes-general-secretary\" >THIS DAY IN HISTORY: FEB 13, 1984: Chernenko becomes general secretary \u2013 history.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UCqKOvyd1Lz3CpL_gYvpOo8Q\" >YouTube videos \u2013 Konstantin Chernenko<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1983\u00a0 <\/strong>A <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cinema_Statuto_fire\" >cinema fire<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Turin\" >Turin<\/a>, Italy, kills 64 people.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1982\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/R%C3%ADo_Negro_Massacre\" >R\u00edo Negro Massacre<\/a> takes place in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guatemala\" >Guatemala<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>R\u00edo Negro Massacre:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/R%C3%ADo_Negro_massacres#Political_and_legal_implications\" >Political and legal implications \u2013 R\u00edo Negro Massacre \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ghrc-usa.org\/our-work\/important-cases\/rio-negro\/\" >RIO NEGRO MASSACRE \u2013 GUATEMALA HUMAN RIGHTS COMMISSION \u2013 GHRC-USA.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.hartford-hwp.com\/archives\/47\/158.html\" >NGOS Demand World Bank Investigation Into 1980s Massacres at Guatemalan Dam Report Reveals 376 Murdered After Resisting Eviction \u2013 Hartford-HWP.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/witnessforpeace.org\/downloads\/apd.pdf\" >A People Dammed \u2013 The Impact of the World Bank Chixoy Hydroelectric Project in Guatemala \u2013 A Witness for Peace Publication \u2013 WitnessForPeace.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/ejatlas.org\/conflict\/chixoy-dam-guatemala\" >Chixoy Dam and Rio Negro massacre, Guatemala \u2013 EJAltas.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/everything2.com\/title\/Rio+Negro+massacres%253A+the+killings\" >Violence in Guatemala: through the eyes of the R\u00edo Negro massacres \u2013 Everything2.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1981\u00a0 <\/strong>A series of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Louisville_sewer_explosions\" >sewer explosions<\/a> destroys more than two miles of streets in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Louisville,_Kentucky\" >Louisville, Kentucky<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1978\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-united-states-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >US performs nuclear test<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.onlinenevada.org\/articles\/nevada-test-site-overview\" >(underground)<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nevada_Test_Site\" >Nevada Test Site<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>US Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_United_States\" >List of the nuclear weapons tests of the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nuclear_weapons_and_the_United_States\" >Nuclear Weapons and the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.atomcentral.com\/the-cold-war.aspx\" >The Cold War \u2013 AtomCentral.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Nuclear Weapons and the United States:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nuclear_weapons_and_the_United_States\" >Nuclear Weapons and the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/us\/2014\/231697.htm\" >Nuclear Weapons Testing: History, Progress, Challenges: Verifications and Entry into Force of the CTBT \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/avc\/rls\/202015.htm\" >US Nuclear Weapons Stockpile Life Extension Programs \u2013 January 3, 2013 \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/research\/articles\/2014\/04\/28-50-nuclear-facts\" >50 Facts About US Nuclear Weapons Today \u2013 April 28, 2014 \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/research\/lecture\/2012\/08\/the-future-of-the-us-nuclear-triad\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Program, by Michaela Dodge \u2013 The Heritage Foundation<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.armscontrol.org\/act\/1997_05\/nas\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Policy \u2013 Arms Control Association<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252183576_The_Future_of_the_U.S._Nuclear_Weapons_Program\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Program, by Linton F. Brooks \u2013 ResearchGate.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/us\/2014\/233254.htm\" >US Nuclear Weapons Policy in the 21<sup>st<\/sup> Century \u2013 Rose Gottemoeller, Under Secretary\u00a0for Arms Control and International Security, \u00a0Dixie State University, St. George, Utah \u2013 October 21, 2014 \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Nevada Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fas.org\/nuke\/guide\/usa\/facility\/nts.htm\" >NEVADA TEST SITE \u2013 FAS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/wmd\/facility\/nts.htm\" >NEVADA TEST SITE \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.onlinenevada.org\/articles\/nevada-test-site-overview\" >Nevada Test Site Overview \u2013 OnlineNevada.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/about\/projects\/archive\/nucweapons\/nts\" >Nuclear testing at the Nevada Test Site \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/toxipedia.org\/display\/wanmec\/Nevada+Test+Site\" >Nevada Test Site \u2013 Toxipedia.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/digital.library.unlv.edu\/ntsohp\/\" >Nevada Test Site \u2013 Oral History Project<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/archure.net\/liberty\/nukenevada.html\" >NUKE TESTING in NEVADA \u2013 Archure.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nv.doe.gov\/library\/publications\/Environmental\/DOENV_11718_594.pdf\" >ECOLOGY OF THE NEVADA TEST SITE: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nevadatestsite.info\/\" >Nevada Test Site Workers Exposed to Radiation \u2013 National Cancer Benefits Center \u2013 NevadaTestSite.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/about\/projects\/archive\/nucweapons\/50\" >50 Facts About the US Nuclear Weapons \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Usa\/Tests\/\" >Gallery of US Nuclear Tests \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.acq.osd.mil\/ncbdp\/nm\/nm_book_5_11\/index.htm\" >The Nuclear Matters Handbook<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Ecological and Health Issues in and around the Nevada Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/cdclv.unlv.edu\/healthnv\/environment.html\" >Environment and the Quality of Life in Nevada \u2013 UNLV.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nv.doe.gov\/library\/publications\/Environmental\/DOENV_11718_594.pdf\" ><em>ECONLGOY OF THE NEVADA TEST SITE: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY WITH NARRATIVE SUMMARY, KEY WORD INDEX, AND SPECIES LISTS<\/em> \u2013 DOE\/NEV\/11718-594<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.osti.gov\/scitech\/biblio\/6458066\" ><em>Nevada Applied Ecology Information Center: a review of technical information support provided to the Nevada Applied Ecology Group<\/em><em> \u2013<\/em> Sci-Tech Connect<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/ecologycenter.org\/terrainmagazine\/summer-2002\/sovereignty-at-shoshone-mountain\/\" >\u201c<em>Between 1951 and 1992, the United States bombed its own soil with nuclear weapons \u2014 945 times. All but 17 of those explosions took place on a stretch of basin-and-range desert northwest of Las Vegas called the Nevada Test Site (NTS),\u2026<\/em>\u201d \u2013 Sovereignty at Shoshone Mountain \u2013 EcologyCenter.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.princeton.edu\/%7Eota\/disk1\/1989\/8909\/8909.PDF\" ><em>The Containment of Underground Nuclear Explosions<\/em> \u2013 Princeton.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nevadatestsite.info\/\" >Nevada Test Site Workers Exposed to Radiation \u2013 National Cancer Benefits Center<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1971\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vietnam_War\" >Vietnam War<\/a>: Backed by American air and artillery support, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/South_Vietnam\" >South Vietnamese<\/a> troops invade <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Laos\" >Laos<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Vietnam War in 1971:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1971_in_the_Vietnam_War#March\" >March \u2013 1971 in the Vietnam War \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/battlefieldvietnam\/timeline\/index3.html\" >Battlefield Timeline: 1969-1972 \u2013 PBS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/history.searchbeat.com\/vietnamwar\/vietnam1971.htm\" >Vietnam War History Guide \u2013 The History Beat \u2013 The Year 1971 in Photographs \u2013 SearchBeat.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.vietnamwarcasualties.org\/index.php?page=directory&amp;dd=1971\" >Vietnam War US Casualties in 1971 \u2013 VietnamWarCausualties.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=V3ChM6QF8bA\" >YouTube video (10 min. 39 sec.): Vietnam War 1971<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/vietnam-war\/pentagon-papers\" >PENTAGON PAPERS \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>South Vietnam\u2019s Invasion of Laos of 1971:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.thecrimson.com\/article\/1971\/2\/1\/south-vietnamese-prepare-to-invade-laos\/\" >South Vietnam Prepares to Invade Laos, by Thomas P. Southwick \u2013 February 1, 1971 &#8211; thecrimson.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.thecrimson.com\/article\/1971\/2\/3\/u-s-south-vietnam-invade-laos\/\" >US, South Vietnam Invade Laos New Blackout Continues \u2013 February 3, 1917 \u2013 thecrimson.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Operation Lam Son 719:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Operation_Lam_Son_719\" >Operation Lam Son 719 \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/comanchero.org\/LamSon719.html\" >LAM SON 719 \u2013 JAN-MARCH 1971 \u2013 comanchero.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.vnafmamn.com\/lamson_719.html\" >LAM SON 719 OPERATION \u2013 vnafmamn.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/operation-lam-son-719-begins\" >THIS DAY IN HISTORY: FEB 08, 1971: Operation Lam Son 719 begins \u2013 history.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rattler-firebird.org\/vietnam\/unithistory\/lam-son-719.php\" >Lam Son 719 \u2013 rattler-firebird.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/vietnamairlift.com\/lamson719.html\" >Lam Son 719, Incursion into Laos \u2013 vietnamairlift.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/boardgamegeek.com\/thread\/1541728\/lam-son-719-1971-invasion-laos-during-vietnam-war\" >Lam Son 719 \u2013 the 1971 invasion of Laos during the Vietnam War \u2013 boardgamegeek.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Viet Nam War and Pertinent Events:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/vietnam-war\/vietnam-war-history\" >VIETNAM WAR HISTORY \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.digitalhistory.uh.edu\/disp_textbook.cfm?smtID=2&amp;psid=3470\" >Chronology of Viet Nam War and Pertinent Events \u2013 Digital History \u2013 DigitalHistory.UH.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyplace.com\/unitedstates\/vietnam\/index-1965.html\" >The Vietnam War \u2013 The Jungle War 1965 \u2013 1968 \u2013 The History Place \u2013 HistoryPlace.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.atvaudio.com\/ata_vietnamwar.php\" >The VIETNAM WAR: US Involvement &amp; Escalation \u2013 ARCHIVAL TELEVISION AUDIO Inc. \u2013 RESEARCH REPORT \u2013 PART ONE \u2013 April 23, 1961 \u2013 May 27, 1968 \u2013 ATVAudio.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.english.illinois.edu\/maps\/vietnam\/anderson.htm\" >The Diplomatic Course of the Vietnam War, by David L Anderson \u2013 Illinois.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.u-s-history.com\/pages\/h1888.html\" >America\u2019s Vietnam War in Indochina \u2013 U-S-History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/history.state.gov\/historicaldocuments\/frus1964-68v07\/sources\" >Foreign Relations of the United States, 1964-1968, Volume VII, Vietnam, September 1968-January 1969 \u2013 OFFICE of the HISTORIAN \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.allempires.com\/article\/index.php?q=britain_tet_offensive\" >Britain and the Tet Offensive 1967-1968: A \u2018Turning Point\u2019 in British Foreign Policy? \u2013 All Empires \u2013 AllEmpires.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1967\u00a0 <\/strong>American researchers discover the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Codex_Madrid_%28Leonardo%29\" >Madrid Codices<\/a> by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Leonardo_da_Vinci\" >Leonardo da Vinci<\/a> in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a\" >National Library of Spain<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1966\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> at Eastern Kazakh\/<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Semipalatinsk_Test_Site\" >Semipalatinsk<\/a> USSR.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>USSR Nuclear Tests in 1966:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1966_Soviet_nuclear_tests\" >1966 Soviet nuclear tests &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>USSR\u2019s Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovwpnprog.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/tests\/USSR-ntestsS.html\" >Database of nuclear tests, USSR\/Russia: overview \u2013 JohnstonArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Effect and\/or Impact of Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/page-3-effects-of-nuclear-weapon-testing-by-the-soviet-union\/\" >Page 3: Effects of Nuclear Weapon Testing by the Soviet Union \u2013 Economic, social, and environmental impacts \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/general-overview-of-theeffects-of-nuclear-testing\/\" >GENERAL OVERVIEW OF THE EFFECTS OF NUCLEAR TESTING \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/slashdot.org\/story\/13\/08\/20\/1738213\/the-secret-effort-to-clean-up-a-former-soviet-nuclear-test-site\" >The Secret Effort To Clean Up a Former Soviet Nuclear Test Site \u2013 Slashdot.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/citeseerx.ist.psu.edu\/viewdoc\/summary?doi=10.1.1.543.8580\" >A Review of Nuclear Testing by the Soviet Union at Novaya, by Vitaly I. Khalturin , Tatyana G. Rautian , Paul G. Richards , and William S. Leith \u2013 CiteSeerX- PSU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Underground Nuclear Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tightflash.org\/all_911\/third_truth\/nuclear_demolition_basic\/USGSOFR01312.pdf\" >The Containment of Soviet Underground Nuclear Explosions, by Vitaly V. Adshkin, and William Leith \u2013 OPEN FILE REPROT 01-312, September 2001 \u2013 US DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/srl.geoscienceworld.org\/content\/86\/2A\/451.full.pdf\" >Political Seismology or Seismological Politics: Natural Resources Defense Council \u2013 USSR Experiments in Underground Nuclear Test Verification, by Anna Amramina<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2013\/02\/11\/world\/asia\/north-korea-underground-explosion-explainer\/index.html\" >What happens with an underground nuclear test? , by Kevin Voigt \u2013 February 19, 2013 \u2013 CNN<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nnsa.energy.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/nv_sweis\/environmentalimpact\/v2\/Appendix%20H.pdf\" >APPENDIX H \u2013 UNDERGROUND NUCLEAR TESTING<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/gajitz.com\/buried-history-underground-nuclear-weapons-tests\/\" >Buried History: Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 GAJITZ.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theblogbelow.com\/2008\/07\/underground-nuclear-test.html\" >Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 TheBlogBelow.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ldeo.columbia.edu\/res\/pi\/Monitoring\/Arch\/BRV_arch_exp.html\" >Borovoye Archive Data from Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 Columbia.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/of\/1993\/0501\/report.pdf\" >Physical Environment of the Underground Nuclear Test Site on Novaya Zemlya, Russia, by John R. Matzko \u2013 Open-File Report 93-501- Reston, Virginia \u2013 1993 \u2013 THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOGRAPHICAL SURVEY<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.boston.com\/bigpicture\/2009\/11\/kazakhstans_radioactive_legacy.html\" >Kazakhstan\u2019s radioactive legacy \u2013 Boston.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/wn.com\/semipalatinsk_test_site\" >\u201cMy home: nuclear base Semipalatinsk \u2013 21\u201d, Episode 02 \u201cMain Testing Field\u201d (Video: 3 min. 14 sec.) \u2013 WN.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/soviet_nuclear_testing_semipalatinsk_20th_anniversary\/24311518.html\" >Slow Death In Kazakhstan\u2019s Land Of Nuclear Tests \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/carlwillis.wordpress.com\/2012\/08\/13\/visit-to-the-semipalatinsk-nuclear-test-site\/\" >Visit to the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 SPEICAL NUCLEAR MATERIAL<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www-ns.iaea.org\/appraisals\/semipalatinsk.asp\" >The Semipalatinsk Test Site, Kazakhstan \u2013 IAEA.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nti.org\/facilities\/732\/\" >Semipalatinsk Test Site \u2013 NTI.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/io9.com\/5988266\/the-tragic-story-of-the-semipalatinsk-nuclear-test-site\" >The Tragic Story of the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site, by Vincze Mikl\u00f3s \u2013 io9.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/Sixty_Years_After_First_Soviet_Nuclear_Test_Legacy_Of_Misery_Lives_On\/1809712.html\" >60 Years After First Soviet Nuclear Test, Legacy Of Misery Lives On In Kazakhstan \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty \u2013 Monday, August 10, 2015 \u2013 RFERL.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/2\/hi\/8236431.stm\" >Soviet nuclear tests leave Kazakh fallout \u2013 Sunday, 6 September 2009 \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/wp-dyn\/content\/story\/2010\/02\/24\/ST2010022403314.html?sid=ST2010022403314\" >In Kazakhstan, the race for uranium goes nuclear, by Philip P. Pan \u2013 Thursday, February 25, 2005 \u2013 The Washington Post<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclearno.com\/text.asp?17456\" >Secrets of Semipalatinsk: How nuclear theft was averted in Central Asia \u2013 NuclearNo.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/listverse.com\/2012\/05\/15\/top-10-nuclear-test-sites\/\" >Top 10 Nuclear Test Sites, Michael Affleck, May 15, 2012 \u2013 Our World \u2013 ListVerse.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Health, and Ecological Issues in Kazakhstan\/Semipalatinsk:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/reference.allrefer.com\/country-guide-study\/kazakhstan\/kazakhstan17.html\" >Kazakstan\/Kazakhstan \u2013 Environmental Problems \u2013 Reference.AllRefer.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclear-risks.org\/fileadmin\/user_upload\/pdfs\/HBWW_EN\/Semipalatinsk_EN_web.pdf\" >\u201cIn Semipalatinsk, the local population was exposed to high levels of radioactivity from nuclear weapon tests for several decades\u2026\u201d \u2013 Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: Nuclear test site \u2013 Nuclear-Risk.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/large.stanford.edu\/courses\/2014\/ph241\/powell2\/docs\/vakulchuk.pdf\" >Semipalatinsk nuclear testing: the humanitarian consequences \u2013 Norwegian Institute of International Affairs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclearfiles.org\/menu\/key-issues\/nuclear-weapons\/issues\/testing\/PDFs\/JC-143920%5B1%5D.pdf\" >Radionuclide Contamination at Kazakhstan\u2019s Semipalatinsk Test Site Implications on Human and Ecological Heath, by T.M. Carlsen, L.E. Peterson, B.A. Ulsh, C.A. Werner, K.L.Purvis, A.C. Sharber<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.irpa.net\/irpa10\/cdrom\/00504.pdf\" >Radiation Exposure on Residents due to Semipalatinsk Nuclear Tests \u2013 IRPA.net<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nukefreetexas.org\/downloads\/plutominum_uranium_semipalatinsk_test_site.pdf\" >Plutonium and Uranium in Human Bones from Areas surrounding the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 NukeFreeTexas.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.csmonitor.com\/World\/Asia-South-Central\/2013\/0828\/Secrets-of-Semipalatinsk-How-nuclear-theft-was-averted-in-Central-Asia\" >\u201cTheir research done on sample villages near the test site found cancer mortality rates 2-1\/2 times greater than those in a control village. The agency says some 356,000 people face radiation risk, with 70 percent of those being descendants of exposed villagers\u2026\u201d \u2013 Secrets of Semipalatinsk: How nuclear theft was averted in Central Asia \u2013 The Christian Science Monitor<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/cajgh.pitt.edu\/ojs\/index.php\/cajgh\/article\/view\/127\/0\" >Studies of Health Effects from Nuclear Testing near the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site Kazakhstan, by Bernd Grosche, Tamara Zhunussova, Kazbek Apsalikov, Ausrele Kesminiene<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.idosi.org\/wasj\/wasj23%285%2913\/19.pdf\" >Information Report on Biological Studies Conducted At the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 IDOSI.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/europepmc.org\/articles\/PMC3866702\" >Mortality from Cardiovascular Disease in the Semipalatinsk Historical Cohort, 1960 \u2013 1999, and its Relationship to Radiation Exposure \u2013 Europe PubMed Central<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/soviet_nuclear_testing_semipalatinsk_20th_anniversary\/24311518.html\" >Slow Death of Kazakhstan\u2019s Land Of Nuclear Tests \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty \u2013 RFRL.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thebulletin.org\/lasting-toll-semipalatinsks-nuclear-testing\" >The lasting toll of Semipalitinsk\u2019s nuclear testing \u2013 TheBulletin.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/12566948_External_doses_of_residents_near_Semipalatinsk_nuclear_test_site\" >External Doses of Residents near Semipalitinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 ResearchGate.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1961\u00a0 <\/strong>An allegedly <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Coso_artifact\" >500,000-year-old rock<\/a> is discovered near <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Olancha,_California\" >Olancha, California<\/a>, US, that appears to anachronistically encase a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Spark_plug\" >spark plug<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1960\u00a0 <\/strong>Black college students stage the first of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nashville_sit-ins\" >Nashville sit-ins<\/a> at three <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lunch_counter\" >lunch counters<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nashville,_Tennessee\" >Nashville, Tennessee<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1960\u00a0 <\/strong>With the success of a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nuclear_test\" >nuclear test<\/a> codenamed \u201c<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gerboise_Bleue\" >Gerboise Bleue<\/a>\u201d at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/zvis.com\/nuclear\/ndb\/frnuks.shtml\" >Reggane Proving Grounds<\/a> Algeria, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/frances-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >France becomes the fourth country to possess nuclear weapons<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Gerboise Bleue:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/worldhistoryproject.org\/1960\/2\/13\/france-tests-its-first-atomic-bomb-to-become-the-worlds-fourth-nuclear-power-code-named-gerboise-bleue\" >Feb 13 1960: France tests its first atomic bomb to become the world\u2019s fourth nuclear power, code named Gerboise Bleue \u2013 WHP \u2013 WorldHistoryProject.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gerboise_Bleue#Programme\" >Programme \u2013 Gerboise Bleue \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gerboise_bleue\" >Gerboise bleue \u2013 Wikipedia (in French)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/specials\/testing-times\/13-february-1960-the-first-french-nuclear-test\/\" >13 FEBRUARY 1960 \u2013 THE FIRST FRENCH NUCLEAR TEST \u2013 CTBTO.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>French Nuclear Tests in Reggane, Algeria:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Reggane_series,_French_nuclear_tests\" >Reggane series, French nuclear tests \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/zvis.com\/nuclear\/ndb\/frnuks.shtml\" >Nuclear Weapons \u2013 French Atmospheric Nuclear Test Database \u2013 ZVIS.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclear-risks.org\/en\/hibakusha-worldwide\/reggane.html\" >Reggane, Algeria \u2013 Nuclear weapons test site \u2013 The Nuclear Chain \u2013 Nuclear-Risks.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/forum.e-dz.com\/topic\/4636-reggane-france-tests-its-nuclear-bomb\/\" >Reggane, France Tests Its Nuclear Bomb \u2013 E-DZ Community \u2013 E-DZ.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gerboise_Bleue\" >\u201c<strong><em>Gerboise Bleue<\/em><\/strong><em> (\u201cblue jerboa\u201d) was the name of the first French nuclear test. It was an atomic bomb detonated near Reggane, in the middle of the Algerian Sahara desert\u2026<\/em>\u201d \u2013 Gerboise Bleue \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/secretdefense.blogs.liberation.fr\/2010\/02\/13\/il-y-a-cinquante-ans-la-france-realisait-son-premier-essai-nucleaire\/\" >Il y a cinquante ans, la France r\u00e9alisait son premier essai nucl\u00e9aire \u2013 Jean-Dominique Merchet \u2013 13 f\u00e9vrier 2010 \u2013 Lib\u00e9ration<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.dark-tourism.com\/index.php\/algeria\/15-countries\/individual-chapters\/256-in-ekker-and-reggane\" >\u201c<em>The two nuclear testing grounds that France used in the Sahara desert in Algeria for its first atomic bombs in the 1960s. The very first of France\u2019s A-bombs, code-named Gerboise Bleue, was detonated at the CSEM, Centre Saharien d\u2019Exp\u00e9rimentations Militaires (\u2018Saharan Military Experiments Center\u2019), near <strong>Reggane<\/strong> on 13 February 1960 \u2013 right in the middle of the Algerian War (cf. Algiers \u2013 war museum). It was followed by another four atmospheric tests at the site. After Algeria gained its independence in 1962, France still carried on nuclear testing in the Algerian desert (under some kind of a special agreement), but moved to a different site near <strong>In Ekker<\/strong>, where testing recommenced underground<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 IN EKKER AND REGGANE \u2013 Dark-Tourism.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Some Pertinent YouTube Videos:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=fFf0ZSpTR6U&amp;index=2&amp;list=PLYk2KDpzKVbVHTuoTS5keP6OzrGXtGvJV\" >(0:54 sec.): French Nuclear Test in Reggane \/ Algeria \u2013 View on Google Satellite \/ edited by Hakim Tabi<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=8ExXXinuFc0\" >(2 min. 21 sec.) L\u2019abominable crime nucl\u00e9aire fran\u00e7ais de Reggane en Alg\u00e9rie<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=ZZ0udF-zokM\" >(2 min. 48 sec.)\u00a0: Essais nucl\u00e9aires fran\u00e7ais en Alg\u00e9rie\u00a0: Graves r\u00e9percussions<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=82QYuYgkygA\" >(10 min. 38 sec.): La Bombe Nucl\u00e9aire: Images d\u00e9classifi\u00e9es Full HD<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=qeJbnMmtmT8\" >(1 h. 33 min. 23 sec.)\u00a0: Algerie\u00a0: Nucl\u00e9aire Alg\u00e9rien, nouvelles r\u00e9velations explosives\u00a0!<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Pertinent Reports:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.assemblee-nationale.fr\/rap-oecst\/essais_nucleaires\/i3571.asp\" >RAPPORT SUR LES INCIDENCES ENVIRONNEMENTALES ET SANITAIRES DES ESSAIS NUCLEAIRES EFFECTUES PAR LA FRANCE ENTRE 1960 ET 1996 ET ELEMENTS DE COMPARAISON AVEC LES ESSAIS DES AUTRES PUISSANCES NUCLEAIRES \u2013 Par M. Christian BATAILLE, D\u00e9put\u00e9 Et M. Henri REVOL, S\u00e9nateur \u2013 OFFICE PARLEMENTAIRE D\u2019\u00c9VALUATION DES CHOIX SCIENTIFIQUES ET TECHNOLOGIQUES<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/o97-179\/o97-1799.html\" >Chapitre II \u2013 LES PREMIERS ESSAIS FRAN\u00c7AIS AU SAHARA\u00a0: 1960-1966 \u2013 Bienvenue au S\u00e9nat \u2013 Senat.fr<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Radiation Contaminations in Reggane:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclear-risks.org\/fileadmin\/user_upload\/pdfs\/HBWW_EN\/reggane_EN_web.pdf\" >\u201c<em>The French army conducted four atmospheric nuclear tests near Reggane, Algeria in 1960 and 1961, contaminating the Sahara desert with plutonium, exposing soldiers, workers and local Tuareg to radioactive fallout, and causing long-term health effects like cancer, infertility and genetic mutations<\/em>\u201d \u2013 Reggane, Algeria: Nuclear weapons test site \u2013 Nuclear-Risks.org \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/america.aljazeera.com\/articles\/2015\/3\/1\/algerians-suffering-from-french-atomic-legacy-55-years-after-nuclear-tests.html\" >Algerians suffering from French atomic legacy, 55 years after nuke tests, by Johnny Magdaleno \u2013 March 1, 2015 \u2013 Aljazeera America \u2013 Aljazeera.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.breakingthenuclearchain.org\/ippnw-poster-exhibition\/-\/asset_publisher\/r9B7\/content\/reggane-algeria-nuclear\" >Reggane, Algeria nuclear weapons test site \u2013 Breaking the Nuclear Chain \u2013 BreakingTheNuclearChina.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.earthisland.org\/yggdrasil\/algeria.pdf\" >The Aftermath of French Nuclear Testing in Algeria \u2013 EarthIsLand.org \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ennaharonline.com\/en\/news\/3241.atom\" >Algeria: radioactive waste of French nuclear testing in the open air \u2013 27 February, 2010 \u2013 Ennahar Online \u2013 EnnaharOnline.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/ozatp-algeria-france-nuclear-idAFJOE6230HA20100304\" >French nuclear tests in Algeria leave toxic legacy \u2013 Thu Mar 4, 2010 \u2013 Reuters.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>France\u2019s Nuclear Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/France\/FranceOrigin.html\" >France\u2019s Nuclear Weapons \u2013 Origin of the Force de Frappe<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/France\/FranceArsenalDev.html\" >France\u2019s Nuclear Weapons \u2013 Development of the Nuclear Arsenal<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/wmd\/world\/france\/nuke.htm\" >France \u2013 Weapons of Mass Destruction \u2013 Nuclear Weapons \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.atomicarchive.com\/Almanac\/Testing.shtml\" >Nuclear Test Sites \u2013 AtomicArchive.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.france24.com\/en\/20140214-map-shows-huge-radiation-spread-french-saharan-nuclear-tests\/\" >Declassified files expose lies of French nuclear tests \u2013 France24.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/english.ohmynews.com\/articleview\/article_view.asp?menu=&amp;no=325785&amp;rel_no=1&amp;back_url=\" >History of French Nuclear Tests in the Pacific \u2013 Part I<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/english.ohmynews.com\/articleview\/article_view.asp?menu=&amp;no=327255&amp;rel_no=1&amp;back_url=\" >Part II<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/english.ohmynews.com\/articleview\/article_view.asp?no=339393&amp;rel_no=1\" >Part III<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2013\/jul\/03\/french-nuclear-tests-polynesia-declassified\" >French nuclear tests \u2018showered vast area of Polynesia with radioactivity \u2013 3 July 2013 \u2013 The Guardian.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_France\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of France \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1955\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Israel\" >Israel<\/a> obtains four of the seven <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dead_Sea_Scrolls\" >Dead Sea Scrolls<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Israel and the Dead Sea Scrolls:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.haaretz.com\/israel-news\/this-day-in-jewish-history\/.premium-1.642289\" >This Day in Jewish History \/\/ 1955: Four Dead Sea Scrolls Came Home to Israel, by David B Green \u2013 Feb 13, 2015 \u2013 HAARETZ.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jspacenews.com\/february-13-1955-israel-acquires-dead-sea-scrolls\/\" >February 13, 1955: Israel Acquires the Dead Sea Scrolls, by Erica Terry \u2013 February 12, 2014 \u2013 JspaceNews.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Dead Sea Scrolls:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/History\/deadsea.html\" >The Dead Sea Scrolls \u2013 History &amp; Overview, by Alaya Sussman, Ruth Peled \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.loc.gov\/exhibits\/scrolls\/\" >Scrolls from the Dead Sea \u2013 LOC.gov<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dead_Sea_Scrolls#Origin\" >Origin \u2013 Dead Sea Scrolls \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\/category\/daily\/biblical-artifacts\/dead-sea-scrolls\/\" >Dead Sea Scrolls \u2013 Bible History Daily \u2013 BiblicalArchaeology.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.christiananswers.net\/q-abr\/abr-a023.html\" >What is the importance of the Dead Sea Scrolls? \u2013 ChristianNews.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/dss.collections.imj.org.il\/\" >The Digital Dead Sea Scrolls \u2013 DSS.Collections.IMJ.org.il<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.centuryone.com\/25dssfacts.html\" >25 Fascinating Facts about the Dead Sea Scrolls \u2013 CenturyOne.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1951\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Korean_War\" >Korean War<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Chipyong-ni\" >Battle of Chipyong-ni<\/a>, which represented the \u201chigh-water mark\u201d of the Chinese incursion into South Korea, commences.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Battle of Chipyong-ni:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Chipyong-ni#Background\" >Background \u2013 Battle of Chipyoung-ni \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/parallelnarratives.com\/the-battle-of-chipyong-ni-february-1951\/\" >Battle of Chipyong-ni (February 1951) \u2013 Parallel Naratives \u2013 ParallelNaratives.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.army.mil\/books\/korea\/30-2\/30-2_8.HTM\" >Chapter 8: Chipyong-ni \u2013 History.Army.mil<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ausa.org\/publications\/armymagazine\/archive\/2002\/9\/Documents\/Landry_0902.pdf\" >Leadership in Battle \u2013 The Siege at Chipyong-ni, by Lt. Col. Keith Alan Landry \u2013 Ausa.org \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.army.mil\/article\/82510\/Korean_War_veterans_remember_Battle_of_Chipyong_ni\/\" >Korean War veterans remember Battle of Chipyong-ni, by Walter T Ham \u2013 June 26, 2012 \u2013 Army.mil<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Timelines of the Korean War:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.koreanwar60.com\/timeline-korean-war-events\" >TIMELINE OF KOREAN WAR EVENTS \u2013 KoreanWar60.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.softschools.com\/timelines\/korean_war_timeline\/36\/\" >Korean War Timeline \u2013 SoftSchools.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sparknotes.com\/history\/american\/koreanwar\/timeline.html\" >KOREAN WAR (1950-1953) \u2013 TIMELINE \u2013 SparkNotes.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1945\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Air_Force\" >Royal Air Force<\/a> bombers are dispatched to <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dresden\" >Dresden<\/a>, Germany to attack the city with a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bombing_of_Dresden_in_World_War_II\" >massive aerial bombardment<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1945\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_II\" >World War II<\/a>: The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Siege_of_Budapest\" >siege of Budapest<\/a> concludes with the unconditional surrender of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nazi_Germany\" >German<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kingdom_of_Hungary_%281920%E2%80%9346%29\" >Hungarian<\/a> forces to the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Red_Army\" >Red Army<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Siege of Budapest:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Siege_of_Budapest#The_Siege\" >The Siege \u2013 Siege of Budapest \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/worldhistoryproject.org\/1944\/12\/29\/siege-of-budapest\" >Dec 29 1944 to Feb 13 1945: Siege of Budapest \u2013 WHP \u2013 WorldHistoryProject.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tumblr.com\/search\/siege%20of%20budapest\" >SIEGE OF BUDAPEST \u2013 Tumblr.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.international.ucla.edu\/asia\/article\/3793\" >The Siege of Budapest: the Nadir in Hungarian History. \u2013 UCLA International Institute \u2013 Asia Institute \u2013 International.UCLA.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1935\u00a0 <\/strong>A jury in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Flemington,_New_Jersey\" >Flemington, New Jersey<\/a> finds <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bruno_Hauptmann\" >Bruno Hauptmann<\/a> guilty of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1932\" >1932<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lindbergh_kidnapping\" >kidnapping and murder of the Lindbergh baby<\/a>, the son of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Charles_Lindbergh\" >Charles Lindbergh<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1934\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soviet_Union\" >Soviet<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Steamship\" >steamship<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SS_Chelyuskin\" ><em>Chelyuskin<\/em><\/a> sinks in the Arctic Ocean.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1931\u00a0 <\/strong>Delhi becomes the capital of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/British_Raj\" >British Raj<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1920\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Negro_National_League_%281920%E2%80%9331%29\" >Negro National League<\/a> is formed.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Negro (National) League:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.negroleaguebaseball.com\/history101.html\" >Negro League History 101 \u2013 negroleaguebaseball.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nlbm.com\/s\/history.htm\" >Negro Leagues History \u2013 nlbm.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historynet.com\/negro-league\" >Negro League \u2013 historynet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1914\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Copyright\" >Copyright<\/a>: In New York City the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/American_Society_of_Composers,_Authors_and_Publishers\" >American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers<\/a> is established to protect the copyrighted musical compositions of its members.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Copyright Protection and the American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.americaslibrary.gov\/jb\/jazz\/jb_jazz_ascap_1.html\" >American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers (ASCAP) Was Founded \u2013 February 13, 1914 \u2013 America\u2019s Story \u2013 AmericasLibrary.gov<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ascap.com\/\" >We Are ASCAP \u2013 ASCAP.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/worldhistoryproject.org\/1914\/2\/13\/american-society-of-composers-authors-and-publishers-ascap-is-founded-in-new-york-city\" >Feb 13 1914: American Society of Composers, Authors And Publishers (ASCAP) \u2013 WHP \u2013 WorldHistoryProject.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1913\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/13th_Dalai_Lama\" >13th Dalai Lama<\/a> proclaims <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tibet\" >Tibetan<\/a> independence following a period of domination by Manchu Qing dynasty and initiated a period of almost <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tibet_%281912%E2%80%9351%29\" >four decades of independence<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>13<sup>th<\/sup> Dalai Lama:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.dalailama.com\/biography\/the-dalai-lamas#13\" >The Thirteenth Dalai Lama, Thupten Gyatso \u2013 The Dalai Lamas \u2013 DalaiLama.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/buddhism.about.com\/od\/The-Dalai-Lamas\/a\/The-13th-Dalai-Lama-Part-1.htm\" >13<sup>th<\/sup> Dalai Lama, Part 1 \u2013 About religion \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/13th_Dalai_Lama#Prophesies_and_death\" >Prophecies and death \u2013 13<sup>th<\/sup> Dalai Lama \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.westernshugdensociety.org\/dalai-lama\/13th-dalailama\" >13<sup>th<\/sup> Dalai Lama: Torture and Execution Ordered by the Thirteenth Dalai Lama \u2013 Western Shugden Society \u2013 WesternShugdenSociety.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>History of Tibet:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Tibet\" >History of Tibet \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tibet_%281912%E2%80%9351%29\" >Tibet (1912-51) \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Tibet_%281950%E2%80%93present%29\" >History of Tibet (1950-present) \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/freetibet.org\/about\/history\" >TIBERT\u2019S HISTORY \u2013 FreeTibet.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.travelchinaguide.com\/cityguides\/tibet.htm\" >Tibet History \u2013 TravelChinaGuide.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/tibet-history.html\" >Tibet \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Chamdo\" >Battle of Chamdo \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/tibetmap.com\/confbr.html\" >Short Tibetan History \u2013 TibetMap.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/tibetoralhistory.org\/interviews.html\" >Tibet Oral History Project \u2013 TibetOralHistory.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-asia-pacific-17046222\" >Tibet profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Economy of Tibet:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_Tibet\" >Economy of Tibet \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/tibet-economy.html\" >Tibet \u2013 Economy \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.case.edu\/affil\/tibet\/moreTibetInfo\/documents\/TibetEconomy2.pdf\" >Economic Patters of the Tibet Autonomous Region: The Past and the Present \u2013 Case.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-asia-pacific-16689779\" >Tibet profile \u2013 Overview \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Tibetan Issues:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tibetan_sovereignty_debate\" >Tibetan sovereignty debate \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.eastwestcenter.org\/fileadmin\/stored\/pdfs\/PS007.pdf\" >The Tibet-China Conflict: History of Polemics, by Eliot Sperling \u2013 EastWestCenter.org \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/tibetoffice.org\/tibet-info\/historical-overview\" >HISTORICAL OVERVIE \u2013 THE OFFICE OF TIBET \u2013 TibetOffice.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-asia-pacific-14533879\" >Q&amp;A: China and Tibetans \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.whyguides.com\/why-did-china-invade-tibet.html\" >Why Did China Invade Tibet? \u2013 WhyGuides.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.chinatoday.com\/china.topics\/tibet_china.htm\" >Tibet Issue \u2013 ChinaToday.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rangzen.com\/history\/views.htm\" >Tibet and China: Two Distinct Views \u2013 Rangzen.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.asianews.it\/news-en\/A-solution-to-the-Tibetan-problem-touches-billions-of-people-in-Asia,-says-Lobsang-Sangay-22310.html\" >\u201c<em>A solution to the Tibetan problem touches billions of people in Asia, says Lobsang Sangay<\/em>\u201d \u2013 08\/08\/2011 \u2013 Help AsiaNews.it \u2013 AsiaNews.it<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.canada.com\/vancouversun\/story.html?id=91726b5f-9a83-47cd-b78f-ddea4fbc17d0\" >Tibet \u2018China\u2019s Problem\u2019: ANOC \u2013 Canada.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theatlantic.com\/magazine\/archive\/1999\/02\/tibet-through-chinese-eyes\/306395\/\" >Tibet Through Chinese Eyes \u2013 TheAtlantic.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=7AofmZ43yfQ\" >YouTube video (2min. 11 sec.): China\u2019s Tibet problem<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mysplendidconcubine.com\/tibet.htm\" >CHINA AND TIBET \u2013 MySplendidCocubine.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalresearch.ca\/democratic-imperialism-tibet-china-and-the-national-endowment-for-democracy\/6530\" >\u201c<em>In 1951, the Chinese People\u2019s Liberation Army entered Lhasa (Tibet\u2019s capital) and proceeded to force the Dalai Lama\u2019s government to sign a \u201cPlan for the Peaceful Liberation of Tibet\u201d, which effectively ratified the Chinese occupation of Tibet. This action combined with the ensuing Chinese repression of Tibetan activists subsequently inspired a popular revolution, which owing to its anticommunist orientation drew upon strong support from the CIA.[2] As Jim Mann (1999) notes, \u2018during the 1950s and 60s, the CIA actively backed the Tibetan cause with arms, military training, money, air support and all sorts of other help<\/em>.\u2019\u201d \u2013 \u201cDemocratic Imperialism\u201d: Tibet, China, and the National Empowerment for Democracy, by Michael Baker \u2013 13 August 2007 \u2013 GlobalResearch.ca<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.angelfire.com\/ca\/pumpkingurl\/index.html\" >TIBET \u2013 INDEPENDENCE FROM CHINA \u2013 AngelFire.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tibet_Autonomous_Region\" >Tibet Autonomous Region \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/tibet.org\/\" >Tibet Online \u2013 Tibet.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tibetjustice.org\/materials\/china\/china10.html\" >Third Forum on Work in Tibet (1994) [p.242] \u2013 TibetJustice.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1881 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Feminist\" >feminist<\/a> newspaper <em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/La_Citoyenne\" >La Citoyenne<\/a><\/em> is first published in Paris by the activist <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hubertine_Auclert\" >Hubertine Auclert<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1880\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Thomas_Edison\" >Thomas Edison<\/a> observes the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Edison_effect\" >Edison effect<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1861\u00a0 <\/strong>In <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gaeta\" >Gaeta<\/a> the capitulation of the fortress decreeing the end of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kingdom_of_the_Two_Sicilies\" >Kingdom of the Two Sicilies<\/a> is signed.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1849\u00a0 <\/strong>The delegation headed by Metropolitan bishop <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Andrei_%C8%98aguna\" >Andrei \u0218aguna<\/a> hands out to the Emperor <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Franz_Joseph_I_of_Austria\" >Franz Joseph I of Austria<\/a> the <em>General Petition of Romanian leaders in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Transylvania\" >Transylvania<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Banat\" >Banat<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bukovina\" >Bukovina<\/a><\/em>, which demands that the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Romanians\" >Romanian nation<\/a> be recognized.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1739\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Karnal\" >Battle of Karnal<\/a>: The army of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Iran#Before_the_First_World_War\" >Iranian<\/a> ruler <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nader_Shah\" >Nader Shah<\/a> defeats the forces of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mughal_Empire\" >Mughal<\/a> emperor of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_India#The_Mughal_era\" >India<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Muhammad_Shah\" >Muhammad Shah<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1692\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Massacre_of_Glencoe\" >Massacre of Glencoe<\/a>: About 78 <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Clan_Donald\" >Macdonalds<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Glen_Coe\" >Glen Coe<\/a>, Scotland are killed early in the morning for not promptly pledging allegiance to the new king, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/William_III_of_England\" >William of Orange<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>FEBRUARY 14<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Today is the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Valentine\" >VALENTINE\u2019S DAY<\/a>:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>2015\u00a0 <\/strong>Two people are killed in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2015_Copenhagen_shootings\" >shootings<\/a> at a free-speech seminar and at a synagogue service in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Copenhagen\" >Copenhagen<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Krudtt\u00f8nden Attack:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2015_Copenhagen_shootings#Krudtt.C3.B8nden_attack\" >Krudtt\u00f8nden Attack \u2013 2015 Copenhagen Shootings \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ibtimes.com\/copenhagen-shooting-terrorist-attack-denmark-prime-minister-says-1816748\" >Copenhagen Shooting A \u2018Terrorist Attack,\u2019 Denmark Prime Minister Says, by Morgan Winsor \u2013 02\/14\/15 \u2013 International Business Times \u2013 IBTimes.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/drrichswier.com\/tag\/fatal-attack\/\" >Lars Vilks Free Speech Event Turns Deadly in Copenhagen \u2013 February 15, 2015 \u2013 Dr. Rich Swier \u2013 DrRichSwier.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2015\/02\/shots-fired-denmark-cafe-free-speech-event-150214160339729.html\" >Denmark on high alert after attack on free-speech event \u2013 15 Feb 2015 \u2013 Aljazeera.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.itv.com\/news\/2015-02-14\/copenhagen-attack-eyewitness-tells-of-machine-gun-fire-coming-closer\/\" >Copenhagen attack: Eyewitness tells of machine gun fire \u2018coming closer\u2019 \u2013 14 February 2015 \u2013 ITVNews.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Freedom of Expression and Religious Respect? :<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2015\/01\/19\/opinion\/charlie-hebdo-and-free-expression.html?_r=0\" >Charlie Hebdo and Free Expression \u2013 Jan. 18, 2015 \u2013 Editorial \u2013 The New York Times \u2013 NYTimes.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/koreupapers.wordpress.com\/2015\/01\/18\/charlie-hebdo-freedom-of-expression-vs-respect\/\" >CHARLIE HEBDO: FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION VS. RESPECT \u2013 January 18, 2015 \u2013 KOREU PAPERS \u2013 WordPress.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.journalism.org\/2015\/01\/28\/after-charlie-hebdo-balancing-press-freedom-and-respect-for-religion\/\" >After Charlie Hebdo, Balancing Press Freedom and Respect for Religion, by Jeffrey Gottfried and Michael Barthel \u2013 January 28, 2015 \u2013 Journalism.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.anglicanjournal.com\/articles\/freedom-of-expression-vs-religious-sensibilities-what-s-the-balance\" >Freedom of expression vs. religious sensibilities: What\u2019s the balance? , by Diana Swift \u2013 January 26, 2015 \u2013 Anglican Journal<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cato.org\/blog\/does-freedom-speech-conflict-freedom-religion\" >Does Freedom of Speech Conflict with Freedom of Religion? , by Ilya Shapiro \u2013 May 28, 2013 \u2013 Cato Institute \u2013 Cato.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/bwormthom.blogspot.com\/2006\/02\/freedom-of-expression-vs-respect.html\" >Freedom of Expression vs Respect towards Religion \u2013 Saturday, February 04, 2006 \u2013 LOST IN THE WIDERNESS<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.theobjectivestandard.com\/issues\/2006-summer\/religion-vs-free-speech\/\" >Religion vs. Free Speech, by Crag Biddle \u2013 The Objective Standard \u2013 2006 Summer \u2013 TheObjectiveStandard.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2012\/09\/26\/world\/obamas-speech-to-the-united-nations-general-assembly-text.html?pagewanted=all&amp;_moc.semityn.www&amp;_r=0\" >\u201c<em>We are home to Muslims who worship across our country. We not only respect the freedom of religion, we have laws that protect individuals from being harmed because of how they look or what they believe\u2026.Americans have fought and died around the globe to protect the right of all people to express their views, even views that we profoundly disagree with. We do not do so because we support hateful speech, but because our founders understood that without such protections, the capacity of each individual to express their own views and practice their own faith may be threatened. We do so because in a diverse society, efforts to restrict speech can quickly become a tool to silence critics and oppress minorities<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Obama\u2019s Speech at the United Nations General Assembly \u2013 Text \u2013 SEPT.25, 2012 \u2013 The New York Times \u2013 NYTimes.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/time.com\/3710336\/denmark-muhammad-cartoons-attack\/\" >Free Speech Debate \u2018Still Alive\u2019 After Attack in Denmark, by Lisa Abend \u2013 Feb. 14, 2015 \u2013 TIME.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Violence and Islam? :<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/wikiislam.net\/wiki\/Islam_and_Violence\" >Islam and Violence \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.thereligionofpeace.com\/pages\/quran\/violence.aspx\" >Violence \u2013 Does the Quran really contain over a hundred verses promoting violence? \u2013 What makes Islam so different? \u2013 TheReligionOfPeace.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.answering-islam.org\/Terrorism\/islam_and_violence.html\" >Islam and Violence \u2013 Answering-Islam.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.themodernreligion.com\/terror\/terrorism_compare.html\" >Violence, Christianity and Islam, by Dr. Ahmad Shafaat, 1983 \u2013 TheModernReligion.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.catholic.com\/documents\/endless-jihad-the-truth-about-islam-and-violence\" >Endless Jihad: The Truth about Islam and Violence \u2013 Catholic Answers \u2013 Catholic.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.muslimsforpeace.org\/\" >Muslims for Peace \u2013 MuslimsForPeace.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldmag.com\/2014\/10\/is_islam_a_religion_of_peace\" >Is Islam a Religion of Peace? , by Darrow Mirror \u2013 Oct 15, 2014 \u2013 WorldMag.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2016\/02\/04\/opinion\/how-politics-haspoisoned-islam.html?_r=1\" >\u201c<em>We Muslims like to believe that ours is \u201ca religion of peace,\u201d but today Islam looks more like a religion of conflict and bloodshed\u2026.Religion is not actually at the heart of these conflicts \u2014 invariably, politics is to blame. But the misuse of Islam and its history makes these political conflicts much worse as parties, governments and militias claim that they are fighting not over power or territory but on behalf of God<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 How Politics Has Poisoned Islam, by Mustafa Akyol \u2013 Feb. 3, 2016 \u2013 The New York Times \u2013 NYTimes.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Peace_in_Islamic_philosophy\" >Peace in Islamic philosophy \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2011\u00a0 <\/strong>As a part of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Arab_Spring\" >Arab Spring<\/a>, the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bahraini_uprising_%282011%E2%80%93present%29\" >Bahraini uprising<\/a>, a series of demonstrations, amounting to a sustained campaign of civil resistance, in the Persian Gulf country of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bahrain\" >Bahrain<\/a> begins with a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Day_of_Rage_%28Bahrain%29\" >\u2018Day of Rage\u2019<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Bahraini Uprising of 2011:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bahraini_uprising_of_2011#Background\" >Background \u2013 Bahraini Uprising of 2011 \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-12482295\" >Arab Spring country by county \u2013 Bahrain \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/isreview.org\/issue\/82\/bahrain-and-arab-spring\" >Bahrain and Arab Spring \u2013 ISReview.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.npr.org\/2012\/01\/05\/144637499\/bahrain-the-revolution-that-wasnt\" >Bahrain: The Revolution That Wasn\u2019t, by Kelly McEvers \u2013 January 05, 2012 \u2013 NPR.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/world.time.com\/2013\/08\/14\/away-from-egypt-bahrains-own-arab-spring-uprising-heats-up-again\/\" >Away from Egypt, Bahrain\u2019s Own Arab Spring Uprising Heats Up, by Charlie Nyathi \u2013 Aug. 14, 2013 \u2013 TIME.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.com\/news\/bahrain-uprising\/\" >Bahrain Uprising \u2013 Pertinent Articles \u2013 The Huffington Post \u2013 HuffingtonPost.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Arab Spring:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_Arab_Spring\" >Impact of the Arab Spring \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/guides.library.cornell.edu\/arab_spring\" >Arab Spring: A Research &amp; Study Guide \u2013 Cornell University Library \u2013 Cornell.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/middleeast.about.com\/od\/humanrightsdemocracy\/a\/Definition-Of-The-Arab-Spring.htm\" >What is the Arab Spring? \u2013 Middle East Uprisings in 2011 \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/arab-spring.html\" >Arab Spring \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/middleeast.about.com\/od\/humanrightsdemocracy\/a\/Definition-Of-The-Arab-Spring.htm\" >Definition of the Arab Spring \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.npr.org\/2011\/12\/17\/143897126\/the-arab-spring-a-year-of-revolution\" >The Arab Spring: A Year of Revolution \u2013 NPR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Arab-Spring\" >Arab Spring \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/commentisfree\/2014\/jan\/16\/leader-2-arab-spring-tunisia-egypt\" >The Arab Spring, made in Tunisia, broken in Egypt \u2013 January 16, 2014 \u2013 TheGuardian.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-30003865\" >Who are the winners and losers of the Arab Spring? \u2013 12 November 2014 \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.almanar.com.lb\/english\/adetails.php?eid=45439&amp;cid=31&amp;fromval=1\" >The Arab Spring: The Root Causes? , by Hamze Abbas Jamoul \u2013 Almanar.com.lb<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/research\/reports\/2012\/12\/the-arab-spring-descends-into-islamist-winter-implications-for-us-policy\" >The Arab Spring Descends into Islamist Winter: Implications for US Policy, by James Philips \u2013 December 2012 \u2013 Heiratage.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/interactive\/2011\/mar\/22\/middle-east-protest-interactive-timeline\" >Arab spring: an interactive timeline of Middle East protests \u2013 March 22, 2011 \u2013 TheGuardian.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.thetower.org\/article\/the-real-big-winner-of-the-arab-spring\/\" >The Real Big Winner of the Arab Spring, by Gabriel Scheinmann \u2013 October 2013 \u2013 TheTower.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.npr.org\/2012\/01\/02\/144489844\/timeline-the-major-events-of-the-arab-spring\" >Timeline: The Major Events in the Arab Spring \u2013 NPR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_Arab_Spring\" >Timeline of the Arab Spring \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Arab Spring and the CIA:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infowars.com\/its-official-arab-spring-subversion-u-s-funded\/\" >It\u2019s Official: \u201cArab Spring\u201d Subversion US Funded \u2013 April 15, 2011 \u2013 Infowars.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/tarpley.net\/2011\/06\/20\/cia-fake-arab-spring-becoming-summer-of-war\/\" >The CIA\u2019s Fake \u201cArab Spring\u201d Becoming A Long, Hot Summer Of War, by Webster G. Tarpley, Ph.D. \u2013 June 20, 2011 \u2013 TARPLEY.net<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/aangirfan.blogspot.com\/2011\/12\/arab-spring-conspiracy.html\" >THE ARAB SPRING CONSPIRACY \u2013 Sunday, December 25, 2011 \u2013 AANGIRFAN<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.co.uk\/dylan-evans\/the-arab-spring-and-the-cia_b_1246230.html\" >The Arab Spring and the CIA \u2013 One Year on, by Dylan Evans \u2013 01\/02\/2012 \u2013 The Huffington Post \u2013 HuffingtonPost.co.uk<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.intelinet.org\/sg_site\/articles\/sg_cia_arab_spring.html\" >Did the CIA Miss the Arab Spring, by Servando Gonzalez \u2013 02\/16\/12<\/a>, <em>or<\/em> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.intellihub.com\/did-the-cia-miss-the-arab-spring\/\" >the same article on this site IntelliHub.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.finalcall.com\/artman\/publish\/Perspectives_1\/article_8656.shtml\" >The Hijacked Arab Spring, by Ali Baghdadi \u2013 March 16, 2012 \u2013 The Final Call \u2013 FinalCall.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/aangirfan.blogspot.hr\/2012\/06\/witnesses-to-houla-cias-arab-spring.html\" >WITNESS TO HOULA, CIA\u2019S ARAB SPRING \u2013 Monday, June 04, 2012 \u2013 AANGIRFAN<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infowars.com\/the-cia-mi6-mossad-brotherhood-trick-egypt-with-muslim-trojan-horse\/\" >The CIA-MI6-Mossad Brotherhood Trick Egypt With Muslim Trojan Horse, by Saman Mohammadi \u2013 Monday, June 25, 2012 \u2013 Infowars.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/ThearabSpringTheCiaAndCensorship-TheI-revolutionSeriesOnCnn\" >The \u201cArab Spring\u201d, the CIA, and Censorship \u2013 The I-Revolution Series on CNN, and the Control of \u201cNews Media\u201d as Propaganda \u2013 Sept 10, 2012 \u2013 Archive.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/intelnews.org\/tag\/arab-spring\/\" >CIA warned Tunisian officials about murder of opposition politician \u2013 September 23, 2013 \u2013 IntelNews.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/readersupportednews.org\/pm-section\/135-135\/19691-cia-made-the-arab-spring\" >CIA Made the Arab Spring, by JC MacQueen \u2013 Thursday, 03 October 2013 \u2013 ReadersSupportedNews.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/stuartjeannebramhall.com\/2014\/01\/18\/the-cia-role-in-the-arab-spring\/\" >The CIA Role in the Arab Spring \u2013 January 18, 2014 \u2013 THE MOST REVOLUTIONARY ACT<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/grondamorin.com\/2015\/11\/07\/arab-spring-and-the-cia\/\" >2011 ARAB SPRING AND THE CIA \u2013 November 7, 2015 \u2013 GrondaMorin.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/hubpages.com\/politics\/Arab-Spring-CIA-Construct\" >Arab Spring = CIA Construct? \u2013 HubPages.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=ET-yfE5dubc\" >In director and the CIA He plans to the Arab Spring since 2006: YouTube video (2min. 09 sec.)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=C2P6HSRLZgQ\" >Noam Chomsky | Emerging World Order and the Arab Spring: YouTube video (1 h. 01 min. 05 sec.)<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/results?search_query=Arab+Spring+and+the+CIA\" >Other Pertinent YouTube videos on the Arab Spring and the CIA<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Arab Spring and Al-Qaeda:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2011\/aug\/28\/arab-spring-intelligence-disaster-scheuer\" >\u201c<em>The Arab spring has \u201cdelighted al-Qaida\u201d and caused \u201can intelligence disaster\u201d for the US and Britain, the former head of the CIA unit in charge of pursuing Osama bin Laden has warned<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Arab Spring created \u2018intelligence disaster\u2019, warns former CIA boss \u2013 Sunday, 28 August 2011 \u2013 TheGuardian.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ctc.usma.edu\/posts\/the-arab-spring-and-its-influence-on-al-qaida\" >The Arab Spring and its Influence on Al-Qa \u0340ida \u2013 May 22, 2012 \u2013 COBATING TERRORISM CENTER \u2013 USMA.edu<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/unac.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/02\/Security-Concerns-and-the-Arab-Uprisings.pdf\" >The Arab Spring and al-Qaeda\u2019s Peripheral Infiltration: A Tour d\u2019Horizon, by Michael Shkolnik \u2013 June 25, 2012 \u2013 pdf \u2013 UNAC.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.terrorismanalysts.com\/pt\/index.php\/pot\/article\/view\/228\/html\" >Al-Qaeda\u2019s Response to the Arab Spring, by Donald Holbrook \u2013 RESPECTIVES ON TERRORISM \u2013 Vol.6, No. 6 \u2013 TerrorismAnalysts.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/news.nationalpost.com\/full-comment\/thomas-joscelyn-al-qaeda-and-the-arab-spring\" >Thomas Joscelyn: Al-Qaeda and the Arab Spring \u2013 January 11, 2013 \u2013 NationalPost.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/foreignpolicy.com\/2013\/08\/08\/the-gift\/\" >The Gift: How the Arab Spring turned out to be a win for al Qaeda. , by Marc Lynch \u2013 August 8, 2013 \u2013 ForeignPolicy.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/counterjihadreport.com\/2014\/01\/07\/how-the-arab-spring-unleashed-al-qaeda\/\" >How the Arab Spring Unleased Al Qaeda \u2013 January 7, 2014 \u2013 CounterJihadReport.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/world\/national-security\/former-cia-official-cites-agencys-failure-to-see-al-qaedas-rebound\/2015\/05\/03\/d68e7292-f028-11e4-8abc-d6aa3bad79dd_story.html\" >Former CIA official cists agency\u2019s failure to see al-Qaeda\u2019s rebound \u2013 by Greg Miller \u2013 May 3, 2015 \u2013 The Washington Post \u2013 WashigtonPost.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/wealthvest.com\/peter-bergen-on-al-qaeda\/\" >ARAB SPRING AND THE AL QAEDA: PETER BERGEN \u2013 Peter Bergen al Qaeda Interview Full Text \u2013 August 17, 2011 \u2013 WealthVest.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/indepth\/opinion\/2015\/05\/cia-arab-spring-al-qaeda-150517075517498.html\" >\u2018Arab Spring was really a spring for al-Qaeda\u2019 \u2013 OPINION \u2013 17 May 2015 \u2013 Aljazera.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.com\/AL-Qaeda-Arab-Spring-Ideological-Assessment\/dp\/1500578436\" >Book: <em>Al-Qaeda and the Arab Spring: An Ideological Assessment<\/em>, by Naval Postgraduate School \u2013 published by CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform \u2013 July 2014 \u2013 ISBN-10: 1500578436; ISBN-13: 978-1500578435<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/results?search_query=Arab+Spring+and+Al+Qaeda\" >Some Pertinent YouTube videos on the Arab Spring and Al-Qaeda<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Arab Spring and Israel:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.npr.org\/2011\/06\/16\/136860807\/a-west-bank-democracy-push-may-be-game-changer\" >What The Arab Spring Means For Israel and Palestine \u2013 June 16, 2011 \u2013 NPR.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.usip.org\/publications\/israel-and-the-arab-spring\" >Israel and the Arab Spring, by Lucy kurtzer-Ellenbogen \u2013 May 3, 2011 \u2013 United States Institute for Peace \u2013 ISIP.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/2013.presidentconf.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/05\/Arab-Spring-Final.pdf\" >Israel in the Wake of the Arab Spring: Seizing Opportunities, Overcoming Challenges, by Elle Podeh and Nimrod Goren \u2013 May 2013 \u2013 pdf \u2013 2013.PresidentConf.org.il<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.washingtoninstitute.org\/policy-analysis\/view\/arab-spring-arab-storm-implications-for-israel\" >Arab Spring, Arab Storm: Implications for Israel, by Dan Schueftan and Michael Singh \u2013 October 24, 2011 \u2013 The Washington Institute \u2013 WashingtonInstute.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/hydrablog.csusm.edu\/2011\/05\/israels-palestinian-arab-sprin.html\" >Israel\u2019s Palestine Arab Spring, by Kent Bolton \u2013 May 16, 2011 \u2013 Hydrablog.CSUSM.edu<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.chathamhouse.org\/sites\/files\/chathamhouse\/public\/Meetings\/Meeting%20Transcripts\/121211freedland.pdf\" >Israel and the Arab Spring, by Jonathan Freedland and Daniel Levy; Chair by Yossi Mekelberg \u2013 12 December 2011 \u2013 pdf \u2013 ChatmanHouse.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pij.org\/details.php?id=1408\" >Is the Arab Spring Israel\u2019s Winter? , by Menachem Klein \u2013 Vol. 18, No. 1, 2012 \u2013 PALESTINE-ISRAEL JOURNAL \u2013 PIJ.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.aish.com\/j\/fs\/The_Arab_Spring_and_the_Israeli_Summer.html\" >Arab Spring Israeli Summer, by Richard Rabkin \u2013 AISH.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jpost.com\/Opinion\/Op-Ed-Contributors\/Israel-and-the-Arab-Spring\" >Israel and the Arab Spring \u2013 12\/19\/2012 \u2013 The Jerusalem Post \u2013 JPost.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/arab-spring-and-israeli-enemy\" >Arab Spring and the Israeli enemy \u2013 Saturday, 6 October 2012 \u2013 ArabNews.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mitvim.org.il\/israel-and-the-arab-spring\" >Israel and the Arab Spring \u2013 The Israeli Institute for Regional Foreign Policies \u2013 MITVIM.org.il<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/honestreporting.com\/idns-092214-arab-spring-arrives-on-israels-doorstep\/\" >The Arab Spring Arrives Israel\u2019s Doorstep \u2013 September 22, 2014 \u2013 HonestReporting.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.thedailybeast.com\/articles\/2013\/06\/20\/5-arab-spring-opportunities-for-israel.html\" >5 Arab Spring Opportunities for Israel \u2013 06.20.13 \u2013 The Daily Beast \u2013 TheDailyBeast.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fpif.org\/arab_spring_israeli_isolation\/\" >Arab Spring, Israeli Isolation, by Richard Yavad Heydarian \u2013 October 13, 2011 \u2013 Foreign Policy In Focus \u2013 FPIF.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.israelemb.org\/washington\/Speakers-Guide\/Arab-Israeli-Conflict-Arab-Spring\/Pages\/Arab-Israeli-Conflict-Arab-Spring.aspx\" >Arab-Israeli Conflict &amp; Arab Spring \u2013 The Embassy of Israel to the United States<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.haaretz.com\/middle-east-news\/1.698071\" >Why the Arab Spring Failed: Choosing survival over chaos \u2013 Haaretz.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jpost.com\/Middle-East\/Anti-Semitic-play-shown-on-Egyptian-TV-341571\" >Egyptian play suggests Mossad behind the Arab Spring \u2013 02\/16\/2014 \u2013 The Jerusalem Post \u2013 JPost.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.israelnationalnews.com\/News\/News.aspx\/177548\" >Egyptian Play Blames Mossad for Arab Spring, by Elad Benari \u2013 2\/17\/2014 \u2013 IsraelNationalNews.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/europe.newsweek.com\/real-arab-spring-happening-israel-321724?rm=eu\" >THE REAL ARAB SPRING IS HAPPENING IN ISRAEL, by Adam Lebor \u2013 4\/13\/2015 \u2013 Newsweek.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.quora.com\/What-has-been-Mossads-involvement-in-the-Arab-Spring\" >\u201c<em>Let me remind you that the main consequence if the Arab Spring from Israel\u2019s perspective has been the loss of its main ally in the region, Hosni Mubarrak. Another big result was the flow of Islamic extremists to Syria. Most of all, it\u2019s shifted the world\u2019s attention from the Irani nuclear situation, which is a big issue for Israel.<\/em> \u201d \u2013 What has been Mossad involvement in the Arab Spring, by Gil Eyal \u2013 Quora.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ynetnews.com\/articles\/0,7340,L-4085419,00.html\" >\u201c<em>Former Mossad chief Meir Dagan doubted the \u2018Arab Spring\u2019 Tuesday and said a Sunni government could succeed that of Syrian President Bashar Assad, which may inhibit Hezbollah<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Dagan doubts the Arab Spring, by Yaov Zitun \u2013 06.21.11 \u2013 YNetNews.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2008\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Northern_Illinois_University_shooting\" >Northern Illinois University shooting<\/a>: A gunman opened fire in a lecture hall of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DeKalb_County,_Illinois\" >DeKalb County, Illinois<\/a> university resulting in six fatalities (including gunman) and 21 injuries.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2005\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/YouTube\" >YouTube<\/a> is launched by a group of college students, eventually becoming the largest <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Video_sharing\" >video sharing<\/a> website in the world and a main source for <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Viral_video\" >viral videos<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>History of YouTube:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_YouTube\" >History of YouTube \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/results?search_query=history+of+youtube\" >History of YouTube \u2013 youtube.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2005\u00a0 <\/strong>Seven people are killed and 151 wounded in a series of bombings by suspected <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Al-Qaeda\" >al-Qaeda<\/a>-linked militants that hit the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Philippines\" >Philippines<\/a>\u2018 <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Makati\" >Makati<\/a> financial district in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Metro_Manila\" >Metro Manila<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Davao_City\" >Davao City<\/a>, and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/General_Santos_City\" >General Santos City<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1998\u00a0 <\/strong>An oil tanker train collides with a freight train in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yaound%C3%A9\" >Yaound\u00e9<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cameroon\" >Cameroon<\/a>, spilling <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fuel_oil\" >fuel oil<\/a>. One person scavenging the oil created <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yaound%C3%A9_train_explosion\" >a massive explosion<\/a> which kills 120.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1990\u00a0 <\/strong>The <em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Voyager_1\" >Voyager 1<\/a><\/em> spacecraft takes the photograph of planet Earth later become famous as <em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pale_Blue_Dot\" >Pale Blue Dot<\/a><\/em>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1990\u00a0 <\/strong>Ninety-two people are killed when <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indian_Airlines_Flight_605\" >Indian Airlines Flight 605<\/a> crashes in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bangalore\" >Bangalore<\/a>, India.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1989\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Iran\" >Iranian<\/a> leader <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ruhollah_Khomeini\" >Ruhollah Khomeini<\/a> issues a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fatwa\" >fatwa<\/a> encouraging Muslims to kill <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Salman_Rushdie\" >Salman Rushdie<\/a>, author of <em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Satanic_Verses\" >The Satanic Verses<\/a><\/em>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>The Satanic Verses:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/ia800308.us.archive.org\/10\/items\/TheSatanicVerses\/Salman_Rushdie-Satanic_Verses.pdf\" >The Satanic Verses, by Salman Rushdie \u2013 Archive.org \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Khomeini\u2019s Order to Kill Rushdie:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/middleeast.about.com\/od\/religionsectarianism\/qt\/me081002.htm\" >Ayatollah Khomeini\u2019s 1989 Fatwa on Salman Rushdie Over \u201cThe Satanic Verses\u201d, by Pierre Tristam \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/books\/99\/04\/18\/specials\/rushdie-khomeini.html\" >Khomeini Urges Muslims to Kill Author of Novel, by Sheila Rule \u2013 February 15, 1989 \u2013 The New York Times \u2013 NYTimes.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/1989\/02\/20\/world\/khomeini-spurns-rushdie-regrets-and-reiterates-threat-of-death.html\" >Khomeini Spurns Rushdie Regrets And Reiterates Threat of Death \u2013 AP \u2013 February 20, 1989 \u2013 The New York Times \u2013 NYTimes.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/rjgeib.com\/thoughts\/burning\/sr-death.html\" >Ayatollah Khomeini: \u201cI inform the proud Muslim people of the world that the author of the Satanic Verses book which is against Islam, the Prophet and the Koran, and all involved in its publication who were aware of its content, are sentenced to death.\u201d \u2013 Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini <em>FATWA issued February, 1989 against Salman Rushdie<\/em> \u2013 RJGaib.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1983\u00a0 <\/strong>United American Bank of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Knoxville,_Tennessee\" >Knoxville, Tennessee<\/a> collapses. Its president, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jake_Butcher\" >Jake Butcher<\/a>, is later convicted of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fraud\" >fraud<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1979\u00a0 <\/strong>In <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kabul\" >Kabul<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Setami_Milli\" >Setami Milli<\/a> militants kidnap the American <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ambassador\" >ambassador<\/a> to <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Afghanistan\" >Afghanistan<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Adolph_Dubs\" >Adolph Dubs<\/a> who is later killed during a gunfight between his kidnappers and police.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1966\u00a0 <\/strong>Australian currency is <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Decimalisation\" >decimalised<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1962\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/First_Lady_of_the_United_States\" >First Lady<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jacqueline_Kennedy\" >Jacqueline Kennedy<\/a> takes television viewers on a tour of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/White_House\" >White House<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1961\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Discovery_of_the_chemical_elements\" >Discovery of the chemical elements<\/a>: Element 103, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lawrencium\" >Lawrencium<\/a>, is first synthesized at the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/University_of_California,_Berkeley\" >University of California<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1956\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/20th_Congress_of_the_Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >20th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union<\/a> begins in Moscow. On the last night of the meeting, Premier <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nikita_Khrushchev\" >Nikita Khrushchev<\/a> condemns <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Joseph_Stalin\" >Joseph Stalin<\/a>\u2018s crimes in a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/On_the_Personality_Cult_and_its_Consequences\" >secret speech<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1950\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_Civil_War\" >Chinese Civil War<\/a>: The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/National_Revolutionary_Army\" >National Revolutionary Army<\/a> instigates the unsuccessful <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Tianquan\" >Battle of Tianquan<\/a> against the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/People%27s_Liberation_Army\" >People\u2019s Liberation Army<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Battle of Tianquan:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.digplanet.com\/wiki\/Battle_of_Tianquan\" >Battle of Tianquan \u2013 DigPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/sussle.org\/t\/Battle_of_Tianquan\" >Battle of Tianquan \u2013 Sussle.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.freebase.com\/m\/02x634h\" >Battle of Tianquan \u2013 FreeBase.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ranker.com\/list\/list-of-chinese-civil-war-battles\/reference\" >List Of Chinese Civil War Battles \u2013 Ranker.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Chinese Civil War:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_Civil_War#Fighting_subsides\" >Fighting subsides \u2013 Chinese Civil War \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/totallyhistory.com\/chinese-civil-war\/\" >Chinese Civil War \u2013 TotallyCivilWar.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1945-1952\/chinese-rev\" >Chinese Civil War \u2013 MILESTONES 1945-1952 \u2013 OFFICE of the HISTORIAN \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1949\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Asbestos_Strike\" >Asbestos Strike<\/a> begins in Canada. The strike marks the beginning of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Quiet_Revolution\" >Quiet Revolution<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Quebec\" >Quebec<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1949\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Knesset\" >Knesset<\/a> (Israeli parliament) convenes for the first time.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Knesset:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.knesset.gov.il\/main\/eng\/home.asp\" >Knesset \u2013 Official Site<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Knesset\" >Knesset \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.knesset.gov.il\/history\/eng\/eng_hist.htm\" >History of the Knesset \u2013 Gov.il<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/Politics\/knesset.html\" >History &amp; Overview of the Knesset \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/AppData\/Local\/Temp\/knessetisrael.org\/content\/our-history\" >Our History | Congressional Knesset Israel \u2013 KnessetIsrael.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1946\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bank_of_England\" >Bank of England<\/a> is nationalized.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1945\u00a0 <\/strong>President <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Franklin_D._Roosevelt\" >Franklin D. Roosevelt<\/a> meets with King <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ibn_Saud\" >Ibn Saud<\/a> of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Saudi_Arabia\" >Saudi Arabia<\/a> aboard the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/USS_Quincy_%28CA-71%29\" >USS\u00a0<em>Quincy<\/em><\/a>, officially beginning U.S.-<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Saudi\" >Saudi<\/a> diplomatic relations.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1945\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mostar\" >Mostar<\/a> is liberated by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yugoslavs\" >Yugoslav<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Partisans_%28Yugoslavia%29\" >partisans<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1945\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: Navigational error leads to the mistaken <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bombing_of_Prague_in_World_War_II\" >bombing of Prague<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Czechoslovakia\" >Czechoslovakia<\/a> by an American squadron of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Boeing_B-17_Flying_Fortress\" >B-17s<\/a> assisting in the Soviet\u2019s <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vistula%E2%80%93Oder_Offensive\" >Vistula\u2013Oder Offensive<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1945\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: On the first day of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bombing_of_Dresden_in_World_War_II\" >bombing of Dresden<\/a>, the British <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Air_Force\" >Royal Air Force<\/a> and the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States_Army_Air_Forces\" >United States Army Air Forces<\/a> begin <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fire-bombing\" >fire-bombing<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dresden\" >Dresden<\/a>, the capital of the German state of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Saxony\" >Saxony<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1944\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: Anti-Japanese revolt on <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Java\" >Java<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1943\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tunisia_Campaign\" >Tunisia Campaign<\/a> \u2013 General <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hans-J%C3%BCrgen_von_Arnim\" >Hans-J\u00fcrgen von Arnim<\/a>\u2018s <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/5th_Panzer_Army\" >Fifth Panzer Army<\/a> launches a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Sidi_Bou_Zid\" >concerted attack<\/a> against <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Allies_of_World_War_II\" >Allied<\/a> positions in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tunisia\" >Tunisia<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1943\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_II\" >World War II<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rostov-on-Don\" >Rostov-on-Don<\/a>, Russia is liberated.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1942\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Pasir_Panjang\" >Battle of Pasir Panjang<\/a> contributes to the fall of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Singapore\" >Singapore<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1929\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Saint_Valentine%27s_Day_Massacre\" >Saint Valentine\u2019s Day Massacre<\/a>: Seven people, six of them <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gangster\" >gangster<\/a> rivals of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Al_Capone\" >Al Capone<\/a>\u2018s gang, are murdered in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chicago\" >Chicago<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1924\u00a0 <\/strong>The Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company changes its name to <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/International_Business_Machines\" >International Business Machines<\/a> Corporation (IBM).<\/p>\n<p><strong>1920\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/League_of_Women_Voters\" >League of Women Voters<\/a> is founded in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chicago\" >Chicago<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>League of Women Voters:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/lwv.org\/\" >League of Women Voters \u2013 Official Site<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lwvchicago.org\/\" >LEAGUE OF WOMEN VOTERS CHICAGO \u2013 Official Site<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lwvdc.org\/history.html\" >History of the League of Women Voters \u2013 League of Women Voters \u2013 LWVDC.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.u-s-history.com\/pages\/h1592.html\" >League of Women Voters \u2013 U-S-History.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org\/pages\/730.html\" >League of Women Voters \u2013 ENCYCLOPEDIA of CHICAGO \u2013 ChicagoHistory.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Women\u2019s Suffrage:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/womens-history\/the-fight-for-womens-suffrage\" >THE FIGHT FOR WOMEN\u2019S SUFFRAGE \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historynet.com\/womens-suffrage-movement\" >WOMEN\u2019S SUFFRAGE MOVEMENT \u2013 HistoryNet.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/teacher.scholastic.com\/activities\/suffrage\/history.htm\" >HISTORY OF WOMEN\u2019S SUFFRAGE \u2013 Women\u2019s Suffrage \u2013 Scholatic.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ipu.org\/wmn-e\/suffrage.htm\" >WOMEN\u2019S SUFFRAGE \u2013 IPU.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/actnow.uusc.org\/site\/PageNavigator\/womens_rights.html?gclid=CLHxlOzQusgCFSQHwwodvp8GQQ\" >Women\u2019s Rights Are Human Rights \u2013 UUSC.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_women\" >Timeline of women\u2019s suffrage \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Women\u2019s Suffrage in the United States:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Women\" >Women\u2019s suffrage in the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/spot\/womenstimeline1.html\" >Women\u2019s Rights Movements in the US \u2013 1848 \u2013 1920 \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/history.house.gov\/Exhibitions-and-Publications\/WIC\/Historical-Essays\/No-Lady\/Womens-Rights\/\" >The Women\u2019s Rights Movements 1840-1920 \u2013 HISTORY, ART &amp; ARCHIVES \u2013 United States House of Representatives \u2013 House.gov<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/tag.rutgers.edu\/teaching-toolbox\/classroom-resources\/lesson-module-womens-suffrage-in-the-united-states\/\" >LESSON MODULE: WOMEN\u2019S SUFFRAGE IN THE UNITED STATES \u2013 Rutgers.edu<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>The Nineteenth Amendment and Women\u2019s Suffrage:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nineteenth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution\" >\u201c<em>The Nineteenth Amendment (Amendment XIX) to the United States Constitution prohibits any United States citizen from being denied the right to vote on the basis of sex. It was ratified on August 18, 1920. The Constitution allows the states to determine the qualifications of voters, subject to limitations imposed by later amendments. Until the 1910s, most states disenfranchised women<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Nineteenth Amendment \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ourdocuments.gov\/doc.php?flash=true&amp;doc=63\" >19<sup>th<\/sup> Amendment to the US Constitution: Women\u2019s Rights to Vote (1920) \u2013 OurDocuments.gov<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/womens-history\/19th-amendment\" >19<sup>TH<\/sup> AMENDMENT \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.archives.gov\/education\/lessons\/woman-suffrage\/\" >Teaching with Documents: Women\u2019s Suffrage and the 19<sup>th<\/sup> Amendment \u2013 NATIONAL ARCHIVES \u2013 Archives.gov<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>History of Women\u2019s Suffrage (Movement) in the United States:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.suffragist.com\/timeline.htm\" >A History of American Suffragist Movement \u2013 Saffragist.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www1.cuny.edu\/portal_ur\/content\/voting_curriculum\/women_suffrage.html\" >Women\u2019s Suffrage and World War I \u2013 CUNY.edu<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.teachervision.com\/womens-rights\/us-history\/50972.html\" >Leaders in the US Suffrage Movement, by Susan B. Anthony \u2013 TeacherVision.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/constitutioncenter.org\/timeline\/html\/cw08_12159.html\" >January 1, 1919: Map: States grant women the right to vote \u2013 National Constitution Center<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.susanbanthony.net\/p\/woman-suffrage-1848-1920-teaching-with.html\" >US Women Suffrage \u2013 Teaching with Documents: Women Suffrage and the 19<sup>th<\/sup> Amendment \u2013 SusanAnthony.net<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_women\" >Timeline of women\u2019s suffrage in the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nwhm.org\/education-resources\/history\/woman-suffrage-timeline\" >Women\u2019s Suffrage Timeline (1840-1920) \u2013 NATIONAL WOMEN\u2019S MUSEUM<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1919\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Polish%E2%80%93Soviet_War\" >Polish\u2013Soviet War<\/a> begins.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Polish-Soviet War of 1919:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/worldhistoryproject.org\/1919\/2\/polish-soviet-war\" >Feb 1919 to Mar 1920 \u2013 Polish-Soviet War \u2013 WorldHistroyProject.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Polish%E2%80%93Soviet_War_in_1919\" >Polish-Soviet War in 1919 \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/josephpilsudski.com\/the-191921-polishsoviet-war-background_296.html\" >The 1919-1921 Polish-Soviet War- Background \u2013 UNVANQUISHED, by Peter Hetherington \u2013 JosephPilsudski.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/warfarehistorian.blogspot.com\/2013\/09\/polish-soviet-war-1919-1920-part-i.html\" >Polish-Soviet War 1919-1920: Part I, Poland\u2019s War in Latvia, Lithuania, &amp; Western Ukraine \u2013 Warfare History Blog \u2013 Warfare Historian<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historynet.com\/polish-soviet-war-battle-of-warsaw.htm\" >Polish-Soviet War: Battle of Warsaw \u2013 HistoryNet.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.conflicts.rem33.com\/images\/Poland\/polsov_war.htm\" >The Polish-Soviet War, by Anna M Cienciala \u2013 Conflicts.Rem33.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/Zerokilleroppel\/polish-soviet-war-1919-1921\/\" >Polish-Soviet war 1919-1921 \u2013 Pinterest.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/history.stackexchange.com\/questions\/1584\/was-russo-polish-of-1919-1920-a-war-of-independence\" >Was Russo-Polish 1919-1920 a war of independence? \u2013 History beta \u2013 StackExchange.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Poland and Russia:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.dw.com\/en\/poland-vs-russia-in-a-war-of-words-rents-and-history\/a-18241767\" >Poland vs. Russia in a war of words, rent and history \u2013 DW.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyguy.com\/russian_polish_wars.htm\" >Russo-Polish Wars: Wars and Conflicts Between Russia and Poland \u2013 HistoryGuy.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opendemocracy.net\/article\/openrussia\/russia-poland-and-the-history-wars\" >Russia, Poland and the history wars \u2013 OpenDemocracy.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Territories_of_Poland_annexed_by_the_Soviet_Union\" >Territories of Poland annexed by the Soviet Union \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Poland%E2%80%93Russia_relations\" >Poland-Russia relations \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/eurodialogue.org\/History-of-Russian-Polish-Relations\" >HISTORY OF RUSSIAN-POLISH RELATIONS \u2013 Euro-Dialogue.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Warsaw#1918-1939\" >\u201c<em>The first years of independence were very difficult: war havoc, hyperinflation and the Polish-Bolshevik War of 1920. In the course of this war, the Battle of Warsaw was fought on the Eastern outskirts of the city, and the capital was successfully defended and the Red Army defeated. Poland stopped on itself the full brunt of the Red Army and defeated an idea of the \u2018export of the revolution.\u2019<\/em>\u201d \u2013 History of Warsaw \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opendemocracy.net\/od-russia\/andrei-kolesnikov\/russia-poland-history-too-terrible\" >Russia-Poland: a history too terrible \u2013 OpenDemocracy.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.academia.edu\/3215371\/POLISH-RUSSIAN_RELATIONS_HISTORY_GEOGRAPHY_AND_GEOPOLITICS\" >POLISH-RUSSIAN RELATIONS: HISTORY, GEOGRAPHY AND GEOPOLITICS, uploaded by Fatih \u00d6zbay \u2013 Academia.edu \u2013 pdf downloadable<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/poland\/49.htm\" >POLAND \u2013 THE ECONOMY UNDER COMMUNISM \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>History of Poland:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Poland\" >History of Poland \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyworld.net\/wrldhis\/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=ab01\" >HISTORY OF POLAND \u2013 HistoryWorld.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/poland\/history\" >Poland \u2013 History \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/history-of-Poland\" >History of Poland \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/poland\/\" >Poland \u2013 HISTORY \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.localhistories.org\/poland.html\" >A BRIEF HISTORY OF POLAND \u2013 LocalHistories.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/vjw\/Poland.html\" >Poland \u2013 The Virtual Jewish World \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rootsweb.ancestry.com\/%7Epolwgw\/history.html\" >Timeline of Polish History \u2013 Roots Web \u2013 Ancestry.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/info-poland.buffalo.edu\/classroom\/maps\/task4.html\" >Historical Maps of Poland \u2013 Buffalo.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/world-europe-17754512\" >Poland country profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Poland:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/geos\/pl.html\" >POLAND \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.un.org\/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=Poland\" >Poland \u2013 UN Data<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/poland.html\" >Poland \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Poland\" >Poland \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.factmonster.com\/country\/poland.html\" >Poland \u2013 FactMonster.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/geography.about.com\/od\/polandmaps\/a\/polandgeography.htm\" >Geography of Poland \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-europe-17753718\" >Poland country profile \u2013 Overview \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Foreign Relations of Poland:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.msz.gov.pl\/en\" >Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Poland<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_Poland\" >Foreign relations of Poland \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/poland\/88.htm\" >Poland \u2013 FOREIGN RELATOINS \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cfr.org\/democratization\/poland\/p30812\" >Poland \u2013 Council on Foreign Relations \u2013 CFR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Poland%E2%80%93United_States_relations\" >Poland-United States relations \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/r\/pa\/ei\/bgn\/2875.htm\" >US Relations with Poland \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Economy of Poland:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_Poland\" >Economy of Poland \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/poland-economy.html\" >Poland \u2013 Economy \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/country\/poland\" >Poland \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/poland\" >Poland \u2013 Data \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/poland\" >Poland \u2013 Index \u2013 THE HERITAGE FOUNDATION<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1918\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soviet_Union\" >Soviet Union<\/a> adopts the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gregorian_calendar\" >Gregorian calendar<\/a> (on <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1_February\" >1 February<\/a> according to the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Julian_calendar\" >Julian calendar<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p><strong>1900\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Second_Boer_War\" >Second Boer War<\/a>: In South Africa, 20,000 British troops invade the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Orange_Free_State\" >Orange Free State<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Second Boer War:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historynet.com\/second-boer-war.htm\" >Second Boer War \u2013 HistoryNet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/South-African-War\" >South African War (Second Boer War) \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nzhistory.net.nz\/war\/south-african-boer-war\/introduction\" >South African \u2018Boer War\u2019 \u2013 Page South African War 1899-1902 \u2013 NZHistory.net.nz<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.angloboerwar.com\/boer-war\" >Boer War 1899-1902 \u2013 AngloBoerWar.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/historywarsweapons.com\/second-boer-war\/\" >Second Boer War \u2013 HistoryWarsWeapons.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.encyclopedia.com\/topic\/Boer_War.aspx\" >\u201c<em>The Boer War (or Anglo-Boer War) was a conflict in which the British Empire fought the forces of two \u201cBoer Republics\u201d from 1899 to 1902 in southern Africa. The Boers lost the war, but resistance gained them concessions even in defeat<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Boer War \u2013 Encyclopedia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Second_Boer_War#Background\" >Background \u2013 Second Boer War \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/history-net.com\/Start\/Boer_War\/boer_war.html\" >BOER WAR \u2013 History-Net.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/quizlet.com\/43208438\/impact-of-second-boer-war-flash-cards\/\" >Impact of Second Boer War \u2013 Quizlet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/kieranmcmullen.com\/2012\/10\/07\/weapons-of-the-second-boer-war\/\" >Weapons of the Second Boer War \u2013 KieranMcMullen.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/wars.findthedata.com\/l\/186\/Second-Boer-War\" >Second Boer War \u2013 FindTheData.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sparknotes.com\/history\/european\/1871-1914\/section6.rhtml\" >Conflict in Africa: The Boer War (1895-1902) \u2013 SparkNotes.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.answers.com\/Q\/What_were_the_causes_of_the_second_boer_war\" >What were the causes of the second boer war? \u2013 Answers.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ranker.com\/list\/a-list-of-all-second-boer-war-battles\/reference\" >List of the Second Boer War Battles \u2013 Ranker.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/beta.asoundstrategy.com\/sitemaster\/userUploads\/site259\/chistoryofsecondboerwar.pdf\" >SECOND BOER WAR \u2013 pdf \u2013 ASoundStrategy.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/history\/british\/victorians\/boer_wars_01.shtml\" >The Boer War \u2013 History \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historymole.com\/cgi-bin\/main\/results.pl?theme=10000310\" >The Boer War (1900-1902) \u2013 Timeline \u2013 HistoryMole.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Britain\u2019s Invasion of the Orange Free State:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Orange_Free_State#History\" >History \u2013 Orange Free State \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Orange-Free-State\" >Orange Free State \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.dcstamps.com\/?p=3322\" >Orange Free State, British Occupation (1900-1902) \u2013 DCStamps.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1899\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Voting_machine\" >Voting machines<\/a> are approved by the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States_Congress\" >U.S. Congress<\/a> for use in federal <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Election\" >elections<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1879\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/War_of_the_Pacific\" >War of the Pacific<\/a> breaks out when <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chile\" >Chilean<\/a> armed forces occupy the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bolivia\" >Bolivian<\/a> port city of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Antofagasta\" >Antofagasta<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>War of the Pacific:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/War_of_the_Pacific#Background\" >Background \u2013 War of the Pacific \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/warofthepacific.com\/\" >War of the Pacific \u2013 WarOfthePacific.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/War-of-the-Pacific\" >War of the Pacific \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/chile\/15.htm\" >War of the Pacific \u2013 1879-83 \u2013 Chile \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bolivia%E2%80%93Chile_relations#War_of_the_Pacific_.281879-1904.29\" >War of the Pacific (1879-1904) \u2013 Bolivia-Chile relations \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.limaeasy.com\/lima-info\/lima-history-and-cultures\/the-war-of-the-pacific-1879-1883\" >The War of the Pacific (1879-1883) \u2013 LimaEasy.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/pacific-war-the.html\" >Pacific, War of the \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.gci275.com\/peru\/chile.shtml\" >War of the Pacific \u2013 Defeat \u2013 GCI275.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1876\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alexander_Graham_Bell\" >Alexander Graham Bell<\/a> applies for a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Patent\" >patent<\/a> for the telephone, as does <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Elisha_Gray\" >Elisha Gray<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>FEBRUARY 15<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>2013\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chelyabinsk_meteor\" >A meteor explodes<\/a> over Russia, injuring 1,500 people as a shock wave blows out windows and rocks buildings. This happens unexpectedly only hours before the <em>expected<\/em> closest ever approach of the larger and unrelated asteroid <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2012_DA14\" >2012 DA14<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2003\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/February_15,_2003_anti-war_protest\" >Protests against the Iraq war<\/a> take place in over 600 cities worldwide. It is estimated that between eight million to 30 million people participate, making this the largest peace demonstration in history.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Protests against the Iraq War:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Protests_against_the_Iraq_War\" >Protests against the Iraq war \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/February_15,_2003,_anti-war_protests\" >February 15, 2003, anti-war protests \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/world.time.com\/2013\/02\/15\/viewpoint-why-was-the-biggest-protest-in-world-history-ignored\/\" >Why Was the Biggest Protest World History Ignored? \u2013 by Ishaan Tharoor \u2013 Feb. 15, 2013 \u2013 time.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2003\/US\/02\/15\/sprj.irq.protests.main\/\" >Cities jammed in worldwide protest of war in Iraq \u2013 February 16, 2003 \u2013 cnn.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/2\/hi\/uk_news\/2765041.stm\" >\u2018Million\u2019 march against Iraq war \u2013 Sunday, 16 February 2003 \u2013 bbc.co.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2013\/feb\/15\/iraq-war-mass-protest\" >Iraq war 10 years on: mass protest that defined a generation \u2013 February 15, 2013 \u2013 theguardian.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/folkmusic.about.com\/od\/toptens\/tp\/NewProtestSongs.htm\" >Songs Protesting George W. Bush and the Iraq War \u2013 by Kim Ruehl \u2013 about entertainment \u2013 about.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Timelines of the Iraq War:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_Iraq_War\" >Timeline of the Iraq War \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thinkprogress.org\/report\/iraq-timeline\/\" >A TIMELINE OF THE IRAQ WAR \u2013 ThinkProgress.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cfr.org\/iraq\/timeline-iraq-war\/p18876\" >The Iraq War: 2003-2011 \u2013 Council on Foreign Relations \u2013 CFR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/content.time.com\/time\/specials\/packages\/0,28757,1967340,00.html\" >Seven Years in Iraq: An Iraq War Timeline \u2013 TIME.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-14546763\" >Iraq profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2001\u00a0 <\/strong>The first draft of the complete <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Human_genome\" >human genome<\/a> is published in <em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nature_%28journal%29\" >Nature<\/a><\/em>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Human Genome:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/nature\/supplements\/collections\/humangenome\/\" >Human Genome Collection \u2013 nature.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Human_genome\" >Human genome &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.genome.gov\/10002192\/\" >International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium Publishers Sequence and Analysis of the Human Genome \u2013 February 12, 2001 \u2013 geneme.gov<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.genome.gov\/10001772\/\" >All About The Human Genome Project (HGP) \u2013 genome.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/itunes.apple.com\/us\/app\/nature-human-genome-special\/id380143649?mt=8\" >Nature Human Genome Special Edition \u2013 apple.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2000\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indian_Point_nuclear_power_plant\" >Indian Point<\/a> II nuclear power plant in New York vents a small amount of radioactive steam when a steam generator fails.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1999\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Abdullah_%C3%96calan\" >Abdullah \u00d6calan<\/a>, leader of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kurdistan_Workers%27_Party\" >Kurdistan Workers\u2019 Party<\/a> (PKK), is arrested in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kenya\" >Kenya<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1996\u00a0 <\/strong>At the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Xichang_Satellite_Launch_Center\" >Xichang Satellite Launch Center<\/a> in China, a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Long_March_3\" >Long March 3<\/a> rocket, carrying an <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Intelsat_708\" >Intelsat 708<\/a>, crashes into a rural village after liftoff, killing many people.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1992\u00a0 <\/strong>Serial killer <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jeffrey_Dahmer\" >Jeffrey Dahmer<\/a> was sentenced in Milwaukee to life in prison.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1991\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Visegr%C3%A1d_Agreement\" >Visegr\u00e1d Agreement<\/a>, establishing cooperation to move toward <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Free_market_economy\" >free-market systems<\/a>, is signed by the leaders of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Czechoslovakia\" >Czechoslovakia<\/a>, Hungary and Poland.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1989\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soviet_war_in_Afghanistan\" >Soviet war in Afghanistan<\/a>: The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soviet_Union\" >Soviet Union<\/a> officially announces that all of its troops have left <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Afghanistan\" >Afghanistan<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Departure of the Soviet Army from Afghanistan:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/partners.nytimes.com\/library\/world\/africa\/021689afghan-laden.html\" >Last Soviet soldiers leave Afghanistan, by Bill Keller \u2013 February 16, 1989 \u2013 International \u2013 The New York Times \u2013 NYTimes.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/1988\/02\/14\/weekinreview\/the-world-neighbors-of-afghanistan-seek-orderly-departure-by-russians.html\" >Neighbors of Afghanistan Seek Orderly Departure By Russians, by Steven R. Wiseman \u2013 February 14, 1988 \u2013 The New York Times \u2013 NYTimes.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soviet_withdrawal_from_Afghanistan\" >Soviet withdrawal from Afghanistan \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mepc.org\/articles-commentary\/commentary\/lessons-soviet-withdrawal-afghanistan?print\" >Lessons of the Soviet withdrawal from Afghanistan, by Mark N. Kaz \u2013 Middle East Policy Council \u2013 MEPC.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fmso.leavenworth.army.mil\/documents\/Withdrawal.pdf\" >BREAKING CONTACT WITHOUT LEAVING CHAOS: THE SOVIET WITHDRAWAL FROM AFGHANISTAN \u2013 Lester W. Grau \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2011\/sep\/27\/10-myths-about-afghanistan\" >10 myths about Afghanistan: In 1988, the Soviet army left Afghanistan after a\u00a0concerted campaign by the western-backed mujahideen. But since then, many enduring myths have grown up about the war-torn country. In his new book, Jonathan Steele sorts the fact from the fiction \u2013 Jonathan Steele \u2013 Tuesday 27 September 2011 \u2013 TheGuardian.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/articles.latimes.com\/1989-05-22\/news\/mn-428_1_soviet-troops-soviet-departure-soviet-military-involvement\" >After Soviet Departure, Patriotic Enthusiasm : Pilots\u2019 Skill, Morale Give Afghan Regime a Lift, by Mark Fineman \u2013 May 22, 1989 \u2013 Los Angeles Times \u2013 LATimes.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/1988\/04\/12\/world\/afghan-war-soviet-army-loses-luster.html\" >Afghan War: Soviet Army Loses Luster, by Bernard E Trainor \u2013 April 12, 1988 \u2013 The New York Times \u2013 NYTimes.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theatlantic.com\/photo\/2014\/08\/the-soviet-war-in-afghanistan-1979-1989\/100786\/\" >The Soviet War in Afghanistan, 1979-1989, by Alan Taylor \u2013 Aug. 4, 2014 \u2013 TheAtlantic.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/onthisday\/hi\/dates\/stories\/april\/14\/newsid_4419000\/4419833.stm\" >14 April 1988: ON THIS DAY: USSR pledges to leave Afghanistan \u2013- BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/military\/world\/afghanistan\/invasion.htm\" >\u201c<em>In 1988 the Geneva accords were signed, which included a timetable that ensured full Soviet withdrawal from Afghanistan by February 15, 1989. About 14,500 Soviet and an estimated one million Afghan lives were lost between 1979 and the Soviet withdrawal in 1989<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 The Soviet Invasion \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.conservapedia.com\/Soviet-Afghan_War#Aftermath\" >Aftermath \u2013 Soviet-Afghan War \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/afghanistan\/29.htm\" >COMMUNISM, REBELLION AND SOVIET INTERNVENTION \u2013 Afghanistan \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.gwu.edu\/%7Eieresgwu\/assets\/docs\/ponars\/pm_0202.pdf\" >The Soviet Military Experience in Afghanistan: A Precedent of Dubious Relevance, by Mark Kramer \u2013 October 2001 \u2013 GWU.edu \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.armedforcesjournal.com\/leaving-afghanistan\/\" >Leaving Afghanistan \u2013 Lessons from the last time superpower departed, by Lt. Col. Shane A. Smith \u2013 June 1, 2013 \u2013 ArmedForcesJournal.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rt.com\/news\/soviet-us-afghanistan-anniversary-130\/\" >Lessons learned? 25 years since Soviet withdrawal from Afghanistan \u2013 15 Feb 2015 \u2013 RT.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Afghan War (1978-1992):<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soviet%E2%80%93Afghan_War\" >Soviet-Afghan War \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Afghan-War\" >\u201c<em>Afghan War, in the history of Afghanistan, the internal conflict (1978\u201392) between anticommunist Muslim guerrillas and the Afghan communist government (aided in 1979\u201389 by Soviet troops)<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Afghan War (1978-1992) \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Soviet-invasion-of-Afghanistan\" >Soviet invasion of Afghanistan: 1979 \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/afghanistan-war.html\" >Afghanistan War \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.fact-index.com\/s\/so\/soviet_invasion_of_afghanistan.html\" >Soviet invasion of Afghanistan \u2013 Fact-Index.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/afghanistan\/29.htm\" >COMMUNISM, REBELLIION, AND SOVIET INTERVENTION \u2013 Afghanistan \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/prezi.com\/u__-nvho8zdx\/the-soviet-afghan-war\/\" >The Soviet-Afghan war \u2013 Prezi.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.oocities.org\/h_marroquin\/Soviet-Afghanistan.html\" >AFGHANISTAN; IN DEFESE OF SOVIET MILITARY ACTION \u2013 OOCities.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.e-ir.info\/2010\/01\/03\/the-soviet-union%E2%80%99s-last-war\/\" >Why Did the Soviet Union Invade Afghanistan? , by Daryl Morini \u2013 Jan 3, 2010 \u2013 E-INTERNATIONAL RELATION STUDIES \u2013 E-IR.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.alternativeinsight.com\/Afghan_War.html\" >The Origins of the Soviet-Afghan War \u2013 AlternativeInsight.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/historyofrussia.org\/russian-invasion-of-afghanistan\/\" >RUSSIAN INVASION OF AFGHANISTAN, by Andy Young \u2013 HISTORY OF RUSSIA \u2013 HistoryOfRussia.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/newshour\/updates\/asia-july-dec06-soviet_10-10\/\" >The Soviet Occupation of Afghanistan \u2013 PBS News Hour \u2013 PBS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.thewashingtonreview.org\/articles\/the-kremlin-and-kabul-the-1979-soviet-invasion-of-afghanistan-in-retrospect.html\" >The Kremlin and Kabul: The 1979 Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan in Retrospect, by Charles J Sullivan \u2013 September 2011 \u2013 TheWashingtonReview.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.guidetorussia.com\/russia-afghanistan.asp\" >SOVIET INVASTION OF AFGHANISTAN \u2013 GuideToRussia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.afghan-web.com\/history\/chron\/index4.html\" >Chronological History of Afghanistan \u2013 Afghan-web.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Relations between Afghanistan and the Soviet Union:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Afghanistan%E2%80%93Russia_relations\" >\u201c<em>The Soviets began a major economic assistance program in Afghanistan in the 1950s. Between 1954 and 1978, Afghanistan received more than $1 billion in Soviet aid, including substantial military assistance. In 1973, the two countries announced a $200-million assistance agreement on gas and oil development, trade, transport, irrigation, and factory construction. Following the 1979 invasion, the Soviets augmented their large aid commitments to shore up the Afghan economy and rebuild the Afghan military. They provided the Karmal regime an unprecedented $800 million. The Soviet Union supported the Najibullah regime even after the withdrawal of Soviet troops in February 1989<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Afghanistan-Russia relations \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.academicroom.com\/article\/soviet-afghan-relations-cooperation-occupation\" >Soviet-Afghanistan Relations from Cooperation to Occupation, by Alam Payind \u2013 AcademcRoom.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.afghanchamber.com\/about\/FOREIGNRELATIONS.htm\" >Foreign Relations \u2013 Afghanistan \u2013 AfghanistanChamber.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sothebys.com\/en\/auctions\/ecatalogue\/2013\/travel-atlases-maps-natural-history-l13401\/lot.206.html\" >Afghanistan-Soviet relations \u2013 Sothebys.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Foreign Relations of Afghanistan:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_Afghanistan\" >Foreign relations of Afghanistan \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cfr.org\/region\/afghanistan\/ri218\" >Afghanistan \u2013 Council on Foreign Relations \u2013 CFR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/mfa.gov.af\/en\/page\/3883\" >Ministry of Foreign Affairs \u2013 Islamic Republic of Afghanistan<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.usip.org\/publications\/2015\/03\/04\/neutrality-in-afghanistan-s-foreign-policy\" >Neutrality in Afghanistan\u2019s Foreign Policy \u2013 United States Institute of Peace \u2013 USIP.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Afghanistan%E2%80%93United_States_relations\" >Afghanistan-United States relations \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/r\/pa\/ei\/bgn\/5380.htm\" >US Relations With Afghanistan \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/about\/programs\/foreign-policy\/afghanistan-index\" >Afghanistan Index \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nationsonline.org\/oneworld\/afghanistan.htm\" >Afghanistan \u2013 Country Profile \u2013 NationsOnline.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-south-asia-12011352\" >Afghanistan country profile \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Afghanistan and the United Nations:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.un.org\/news\/dh\/latest\/afghan\/un-afghan-history.shtml\" >Afghanistan &amp; the United Nations<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.afghanistan-un.org\/\" >Permanent Mission of Afghanistan to the United Nations in New York<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/mission-afghanistan.ch\/Mission\/index.php\" >Permanent Mission of Afghanistan to the United Nations Office and other international organizations in Geneva<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Afghanistan:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/geos\/af.html\" >AFGHANISTAN \u2013 WORLD FACTBOOK \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.un.org\/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=Afghanistan\" >Afghanistan \u2013 UN Data<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Afghanistan\" >Afghanistan \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/afghanistan.html\" >Afghanistan \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of Afghanistan:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Afghanistan\" >History of Afghanistan \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/afghanistan-history.html\" >Afghanistan \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.afghangovernment.com\/briefhistory.htm\" >A Brief History of Afghanistan: By Adam Ritscher \u2013 AfghanGovernment.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyworld.net\/wrldhis\/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=ad09\" >HISTORY OF AFGHANISTAN \u2013 HistoryWorld.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/afghanistan\/history\" >Afghanistan \u2013 History \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/asianhistory.about.com\/od\/afghanista1\/p\/ProfAfghanistan.htm\" >Afghanistan | Facts and History \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/newshour\/updates\/asia-jan-june11-timeline-afghanistan\/\" >A Historical Timeline of Afghanistan \u2013 PBS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.afghan-web.com\/history\/chron\/index.html\" >Chronological History of Afghanistan \u2013 Afghan-Web.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-south-asia-12024253\" >Afghanistan profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Economy of Afghanistan:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_Afghanistan\" >Economy of Afghanistan \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/country\/afghanistan\" >Afghanistan \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/afghanistan\" >Afghanistan \u2013 Data \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.adb.org\/countries\/afghanistan\/economy\" >Afghanistan: Economy \u2013 Asian Development Bank \u2013 ADB.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/afghanistan\" >Afghanistan \u2013 Index \u2013 THE HERITAGE FOUNDATION<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/afghanistan-economy.html\" >Afghanistan \u2013 Economy \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.afghanistans.com\/Information\/Economy\/default.htm\" >Afghanistan \u2013 Economy \u2013 Afghanistan\u2019s Economy<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1988\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-united-states-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >US performs nuclear test<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nevada_Test_Site\" >Nevada Test Site<\/a>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_United_States\" >List of the nuclear weapons tests of the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nuclear_weapons_and_the_United_States\" >Nuclear Weapons and the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.atomcentral.com\/the-cold-war.aspx\" >The Cold War \u2013 AtomCentral.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fas.org\/nuke\/guide\/usa\/facility\/nts.htm\" >NEVADA TEST SITE \u2013 FAS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/wmd\/facility\/nts.htm\" >NEVADA TEST SITE \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.onlinenevada.org\/articles\/nevada-test-site-overview\" >Nevada Test Site Overview \u2013 OnlineNevada.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/about\/projects\/archive\/nucweapons\/nts\" >Nuclear testing at the Nevada Test Site \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/toxipedia.org\/display\/wanmec\/Nevada+Test+Site\" >Nevada Test Site \u2013 Toxipedia.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/digital.library.unlv.edu\/ntsohp\/\" >Nevada Test Site \u2013 Oral History Project<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/archure.net\/liberty\/nukenevada.html\" >NUKE TESTING in NEVADA \u2013 Archure.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nv.doe.gov\/library\/publications\/Environmental\/DOENV_11718_594.pdf\" >ECOLOGY OF THE NEVADA TEST SITE: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nevadatestsite.info\/\" >Nevada Test Site Workers Exposed to Radiation \u2013 National Cancer Benefits Center \u2013 NevadaTestSite.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/about\/projects\/archive\/nucweapons\/50\" >50 Facts About the US Nuclear Weapons \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Usa\/Tests\/\" >Gallery of US Nuclear Tests \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.acq.osd.mil\/ncbdp\/nm\/nm_book_5_11\/index.htm\" >The Nuclear Matters Handbook<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Nuclear Weapons and the United States:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nuclear_weapons_and_the_United_States\" >Nuclear Weapons and the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/us\/2014\/231697.htm\" >Nuclear Weapons Testing: History, Progress, Challenges: Verifications and Entry into Force of the CTBT \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/avc\/rls\/202015.htm\" >US Nuclear Weapons Stockpile Life Extension Programs \u2013 January 3, 2013 \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/research\/articles\/2014\/04\/28-50-nuclear-facts\" >50 Facts About US Nuclear Weapons Today \u2013 April 28, 2014 \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/research\/lecture\/2012\/08\/the-future-of-the-us-nuclear-triad\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Program, by Michaela Dodge \u2013 The Heritage Foundation<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.armscontrol.org\/act\/1997_05\/nas\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Policy \u2013 Arms Control Association<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252183576_The_Future_of_the_U.S._Nuclear_Weapons_Program\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Program, by Linton F. Brooks \u2013 ResearchGate.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/us\/2014\/233254.htm\" >US Nuclear Weapons Policy in the 21<sup>st<\/sup> Century \u2013 Rose Gottemoeller, Under Secretary\u00a0for Arms Control and International Security, \u00a0Dixie State University, St. George, Utah \u2013 October 21, 2014 \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1979\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Don_Dunstan\" >Don Dunstan<\/a> resigns as <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Premier_of_South_Australia\" >Premier of South Australia<\/a>, ending a decade of sweeping social liberalization.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1976\u00a0 <\/strong>The 1976 <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Constitution_of_Cuba\" >Constitution of Cuba<\/a> is adopted by national <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Referendum\" >referendum<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Constitution of Cuba of 1976:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.walterlippmann.com\/cubanconstitution.html\" >The text of the Constitution of the Republic of Cuba [of 1976] was published in the Official Gazette of the Republic of Cuba, Special Edition No.3 of January 31, 2003<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.constitutionnet.org\/files\/Cuba%20Constitution.pdf\" >The Constitution of the Republic of Cuba, 1976 (as Amended to 2002) \u2013 ConstitutionNet.org \u2013 pdf<\/a>, <em><strong>or<\/strong><\/em> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pdba.georgetown.edu\/Constitutions\/Cuba\/cuba.html\" >Rep\u00fablica de Cuba \/ Republic of Cuba \u2013 Constituciounes Constitutions \u2013 Political Database of Americas \u2013 PDBA.Georgetown.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1972\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-united-states-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >US performs nuclear test<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nevada_Test_Site\" >Nevada Test Site<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em>For some more pertinent information, see<\/em> \u201c<strong>1988 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-united-states-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >US performs nuclear test<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nevada_Test_Site\" >Nevada Test Site<\/a>,\u201d <em>mentioned above.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>1972\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Velasco_Ibarra\" >Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda Velasco Ibarra<\/a>, serving as <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/President_of_Ecuador\" >President of Ecuador<\/a> for the fifth time, is overthrown by the military for the fourth time.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>The 1972 Military Coup in Ecuador:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/ecuador\/15.htm\" >Direct Military Rule, 1972-79 \u2013 Ecuador \u2013 CoutryStudies.us<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.janda.org\/ICPP\/ICPP2000\/Countries\/3-SouthAmerica\/35-Ecuador\/Ecuador63-00.htm\" >ECUADOR: The Party System from 1963 to 2000, by Kathryn B. Sanderson \u2013 Janda.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Ecuador and Military Coups:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.yachana.org\/teaching\/students\/webpages\/andean2k\/military\/ecuador.html\" >\u201c<em>Ecuador is a country long ravaged by the use of military force to control the populous\u2019 lives.\u00a0 Military governments are the norm in this chaotic country, while peace reigns only when the dictator is strong enough to squelch his enemies<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 The Military Government of Ecuador \u2013 Yachana.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.wsws.org\/en\/articles\/2000\/02\/ecua-f02.html\" >The coup in Ecuador: a grim warning, by Gerardo Nebbia and Bill Vann \u2013 2 February 2000 \u2013 SWS.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/warisacrime.org\/content\/military-coup-making-ecuador\" >Military Coup in the Making in Ecuador \u2013 WarIsACrime.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/wikileaks-press.info\/cables-used-for-historical-reseach-ecuador-1972-1976-the-coup-attempt-of-general-latorre\/\" >Cables used for Historical Research: Ecuador 1972-1976, the coup attempt of General Latorre \u2013 Wikileaks-press.info<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyisaweapon.com\/defcon2\/militarydictatorshipsintheamericas.html\" >MILITARY DICTATORSHIPS IN THE AMERICAS \u2013 A PROJECT OF HISTORY IS A WEAPON \u2013 HistoryIsAWeapon.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Ecuador:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/geos\/ec.html\" >Ecuador \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ecuador\" >Ecuador \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Ecuador\" >Ecuador \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/ecuador.html?pageno=5\" >\u201c<em>On August 16, 2012, Ecuador announced that it was granting political asylum to WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange. Assange had been seeking refuge at the country\u2019s Embassy in London while waiting for the decision. The decision further strained relations between Ecuador and Britain<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Ecuador Grants Asylum to Julian Assange \u2013 Ecuador \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_heads_of_state_of_Ecuador\" >List of heads of state of Ecuador \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of Ecuador:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Ecuador\" >History of Ecuador \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ecuadorexplorer.com\/html\/history.html\" >History of Ecuador \u2013 EcuadorExplore.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ecuaworld.com\/ecuador-information-center\/brief-history-ecuador\/\" >A Brief History of Ecuador \u2013 ECUAWORLD.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.geographia.com\/ecuador\/history.htm\" >ECUADOR: History and Culture \u2013 Geographia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ecuador.com\/history\/\" >Ecuador\u2019s History From Ancient Incas to Modern Times \u2013 Ecuador.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Economy of Ecuador:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/country\/ecuador\" >Ecuador \u2013 THE WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/ecuador\" >Ecuador \u2013 Data \u2013 THE WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/ecuador\" >Ecuador \u2013 The Heritage Foundation<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_Ecuador\" >Economy of Ecuador \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nationsencyclopedia.com\/economies\/Americas\/Ecuador-OVERVIEW-OF-ECONOMY.html\" >Ecuador \u2013 Overview of economy \u2013 NationsEncyclopedia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1972\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sound_recording_and_reproduction\" >Sound recordings<\/a> are granted US federal <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Copyright\" >copyright<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Phonogram_Convention\" >protection<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Copyright_law_of_the_United_States#Duration_of_copyright\" >for the first time<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1962\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-united-states-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >US performs nuclear test<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nevada_Test_Site\" >Nevada Test Site<\/a>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>For some more pertinent information, see<\/em> \u201c<strong>1988 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-united-states-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >US performs nuclear test<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nevada_Test_Site\" >Nevada Test Site<\/a>,\u201d <em>mentioned above.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1961\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sabena_Flight_548\" >Sabena Flight 548<\/a> crashes in Belgium, killing 73, including the entire United States <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Figure_skating\" >figure skating<\/a> team along with several of their coaches and family members.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1954\u00a0 <\/strong>Canada and the United States agree to construct the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Distant_Early_Warning_Line\" >Distant Early Warning Line<\/a>, a system of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Radar\" >radar<\/a> stations in the far northern Arctic regions of Canada and Alaska.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1953\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Liechtenstein_general_election,_February_1953\" >Parliamentary elections<\/a> held in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Liechtenstein\" >Liechtenstein<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1949\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gerald_Lankester_Harding\" >Gerald Lankester Harding<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Roland_de_Vaux\" >Roland de Vaux<\/a> begin excavations at Cave 1 of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Qumran_Caves\" >Qumran Caves<\/a>, where they will eventually discover the first seven <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dead_Sea_Scrolls\" >Dead Sea Scrolls<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1946\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ENIAC\" >ENIAC<\/a>, the first electronic general-purpose computer, is formally dedicated at the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/University_of_Pennsylvania\" >University of Pennsylvania<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Philadelphia\" >Philadelphia<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1945<\/strong>\u00a0 World War II: Third day of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bombing_of_Dresden_in_World_War_II\" >bombing in Dresden<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1944\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Narva_Offensive_%2815%E2%80%9328_February_1944%29\" >Narva Offensive<\/a> begins.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1944\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Monte_Cassino\" >assault<\/a> on <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Monte_Cassino\" >Monte Cassino<\/a>, Italy begins.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1942\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_II\" >World War II<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fall_of_Singapore\" >Fall of Singapore<\/a>. Following an assault by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Empire_of_Japan\" >Japanese<\/a> forces, the British General <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Arthur_Percival\" >Arthur Percival<\/a> surrenders. About 80,000 <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/British_Indian_Army\" >Indian<\/a>, United Kingdom and Australian soldiers become <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Prisoners_of_war\" >prisoners of war<\/a>, the largest surrender of British-led military personnel in history.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1933\u00a0 <\/strong>In <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Miami\" >Miami<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Giuseppe_Zangara\" >Giuseppe Zangara<\/a> attempts to assassinate US President-elect <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Franklin_D._Roosevelt\" >Franklin D Roosevelt<\/a>, but instead shoots <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mayor_of_Chicago\" >Chicago mayor<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anton_J._Cermak\" >Anton J. Cermak<\/a>, who dies of his wounds on March 6, 1933.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1925\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1925_serum_run_to_Nome\" >1925 serum run to Nome<\/a>: The second delivery of serum arrives in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nome,_Alaska\" >Nome, Alaska<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1923\u00a0 <\/strong>Greece becomes the last European country to adopt the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gregorian_calendar\" >Gregorian calendar<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1921\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kingdom_of_Romania\" >Kingdom of Romania<\/a> establishes its <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Legation\" >legation<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Helsinki\" >Helsinki<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Kingdom of Romania:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/almanachdegotha.org\/id32.html\" >Kingdom of Romania \u2013 AlmanachDeGotha.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kingdom_of_Romania#Union_with_Transylvania.2C_Bessarabia_and_Bukovina\" >Union with Transylvania, Bessarabia and Bukovina \u2013 Kingdom of Romania \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nzhistory.net.nz\/war\/kingdom-of-romaina-facts\" >Allies \u2013 Page 9 \u2013 Kingdom of Romania \u2013 NZHistory.net.nz<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of Romania:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Romania\" >History of Romania \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/romania-history.html\" >Romania \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.localhistories.org\/rumania.html\" >A BRIEF HISTORY OF ROMANIA, by Tim Lambert \u2013 LocalHistories.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rotravel.com\/History\/Introduction\/\" >Romanian History \u2013 History of Romania \u2013 Romanian Travel Guide \u2013 RoTravel.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/general-history.com\/history-of-romania\/\" >History of Romania \u2013 General-History, by Dean Swift \u2013 General-History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/history-of-Romania\" >History of Romania \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyworld.net\/wrldhis\/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=aa63\" >HISTORY OF ROMANIA \u2013 HistoryWorld.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.axatravel.ro\/romania-brief-history.php\" >A Brief History of Romania \u2013 AXATravel.ro<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_Romanian_history\" >Timeline of Romanian history \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.datesandevents.org\/places-timelines\/35-history-timeline-of-romania.htm\" >History Timeline of Romania \u2013 DatesAndEvents.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-europe-17776876\" >Romania profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1898\u00a0 <\/strong>The battleship <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/USS_Maine_%28ACR-1%29\" >USS\u00a0<em>Maine<\/em><\/a> explodes and sinks in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Havana\" >Havana<\/a> harbor in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cuba\" >Cuba<\/a>, killing 274. This event leads the United States to declare war on Spain.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1879\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Women%27s_rights\" >Women\u2019s rights<\/a>: US President <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rutherford_B._Hayes\" >Rutherford B. Hayes<\/a> signs a bill allowing female <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lawyer\" >attorneys<\/a> to argue cases before the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States\" >Supreme Court of the United States<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>History of Women\u2019s Rights in the United States:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.scholastic.com\/teachers\/article\/brief-history-womens-rights-movemen\" >A Brief History of Women\u2019s Rights Movements: The prominent figures and notable events of women\u2019s rights movements in America and beyond \u2013 Scholatic.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nwhp.org\/resources\/womens-rights-movement\/history-of-the-womens-rights-movement\/\" >History of Women\u2019s Rights Movements (1848-1998) \u2013 NWHP.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/history.house.gov\/Exhibitions-and-Publications\/WIC\/Historical-Essays\/No-Lady\/Womens-Rights\/\" >Women\u2019s Rights Movements, 1848-1920 \u2013 History.House.gov<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/spot\/womenstimeline1.html\" >History of the American Women\u2019s Rights Movements 1848-1920, by Ann-Marie Imbornoni \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/ecssba.rutgers.edu\/docs\/decl.html\" >Declaration of Rights of the Women of the United States \u2013 4 July 1876 \u2013 Rutgers.edu<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.wic.org\/misc\/history.htm\" >WOMEN\u2019S RIGHTS \u2013 Women\u2019s History in America \u2013 WIC.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Women\u2019s Rights in General:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Women\" >Women\u2019s rights \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/womensrightsworldwide.org\/\" >Women\u2019s Rights Worldwide \u2013 WomensRightsWorldwide.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalissues.org\/article\/166\/womens-rights\" >Women\u2019s Rights, by Anup Shah \u2013 Global Issues<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.scholastic.com\/teachers\/article\/brief-history-womens-rights-movements\" >A Brief History of Women\u2019s Rights Movements: The prominent figures and notable events of women\u2019s rights movements in America and beyond \u2013 Scholatic.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/unchronicle.un.org\/article\/womens-rights-human-rights\/\" >Women\u2019s Rights as Human Rights \u2013 UN Chronicle \u2013 UN.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/Issues\/Women\/WRGS\/Pages\/WRGSIndex.aspx\" >Women\u2019s Human Rights as Gender Equality \u2013 United Nations Human Rights \u2013 Office of High Commissioner for Human Rights \u2013 OHCHR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.trust.org\/spotlight\/poll-womens-rights-in-the-arab-world\/\" >POLL: Women\u2019s Rights in the Arab World \u2013 THOMPSON REUTERS FOUNDATION \u2013 Trust.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.amnestyusa.org\/our-work\/issues\/women-s-rights\" >Women\u2019s Rights are Human Rights \u2013 Amnesty International USA<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Women\u2019s Suffrage and Its History:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/teacher.scholastic.com\/activities\/suffrage\/history.htm\" >History of Women\u2019s Suffrage \u2013 Scholastic.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historynet.com\/womens-suffrage-movement\" >WOMEN\u2019S SUFFRAGE MOVEMENT \u2013 Historynet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/history-world.org\/woman_suffrage.htm\" >Woman Suffrage \u2013 History-World.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/womenshistory.answers.com\/suffrage\/womens-suffrage-around-the-world\" >Women\u2019s Suffrage Around The World, by Kerilynn Engel \u2013 Answers.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www1.cuny.edu\/portal_ur\/content\/voting_curriculum\/women_suffrage.html\" >Women\u2019s suffrage and World War I \u2013 CUNY.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nwhm.org\/online-exhibits\/progressiveera\/suffrage.html\" >Causes: The Woman Suffrage Movement \u2013 Reforming Their World: Women in the Progressive Era \u2013 The National Women\u2019s History Museum \u2013 NWHM.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/womenshistory.about.com\/od\/suffrage\/a\/intl_timeline.htm\" >International Woman Suffrage Timeline \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/global-development\/interactive\/2011\/jul\/06\/un-women-vote-timeline-interactive\" >A timeline of women\u2019s right to vote \u2013 interactive \u2013 Wednesday, 6 July, 2011 \u2013 TheGuardian.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ipu.org\/wmn-e\/suffrage.htm\" >WOMEN\u2019S SUFFRAGE \u2013 IPU.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/ipa\/A0931343.html\" >Timeline of Women\u2019s Suffrage Granted, by Country \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1835\u00a0 <\/strong>The first <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Constitutional\" >constitutional<\/a> law in modern <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Serbia\" >Serbia<\/a> is adopted.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1804\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Serbian_Revolution\" >Serbian Revolution<\/a> begins.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1798\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Roman_Republic_%2818th_century%29\" >Roman Republic<\/a> is proclaimed after <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Louis-Alexandre_Berthier\" >Louis-Alexandre Berthier<\/a>, a general of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Napoleon\" >Napoleon<\/a>, had invaded the city of Rome five days earlier.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1690\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Constantin_Cantemir\" >Constantin Cantemir<\/a>, Prince of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moldavia\" >Moldavia<\/a>, and the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Holy_Roman_Empire\" >Holy Roman Empire<\/a> sign a secret treaty in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sibiu\" >Sibiu<\/a>, stipulating that Moldavia would support the actions led by the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/House_of_Habsburg\" >House of Habsburg<\/a> against the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ottoman_Empire\" >Ottoman Empire<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>FEBRUARY 16<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>2015\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brainyhistory.com\/events\/2015\/february_16_2015_400735.html\" >A federal U.S. judge orders a halt to an executive order issued by President Barack Obama that allows approximately 5 million illegal immigrants to remain in the country; Obama expects to overcome this hurdle to implement the order as planned<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2013\u00a0 <\/strong>A <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/February_2013_Quetta_bombing\" >bomb blast<\/a> at a market in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hazara_Town\" >Hazara Town<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Quetta\" >Quetta<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pakistan\" >Pakistan<\/a> kills more than 80 people and injures 190 others.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2006\u00a0 <\/strong>The last <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mobile_army_surgical_hospital_%28US%29\" >Mobile army surgical hospital<\/a> (MASH) is decommissioned by the United States Army.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2005\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kyoto_Protocol\" >Kyoto Protocol<\/a> comes into force, following its <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ratification#Ratification_of_an_international_treaty\" >ratification<\/a> by Russia.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Kyoto Protocol:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Text of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/unfccc.int\/resource\/docs\/convkp\/kpeng.pdf\" >KYOTO PROTOCOL TO THE UNINTED NATIONS FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE \u2013 UNFCCC.int \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/unfccc.int\/kyoto_protocol\/items\/2830.php\" >Kyoto Protocol \u2013 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change \u2013 UNFCCC.int<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/kyotoprotocol.com\/\" >Kyoto Protocol \u2013 KyotoProtocol.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/environment.about.com\/od\/kyotoprotocol\/i\/kyotoprotocol.htm\" >What is the Kyoto Protocol? , by Larry West \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/environment\/2011\/mar\/11\/kyoto-protocol\" >What is the Kyoto Protocol and has it made any difference? \u2013 Friday, 11 March 2011 \u2013 TheGuardian.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Kyoto-Protocol\" >Kyoto Protocol \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.carbonify.com\/articles\/kyoto-protocol.htm\" >What is the Kyoto Protocol? \u2013 Carbonify.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Summary of the Kyoto Protocol:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/unfccc.int\/kyoto_protocol\/background\/items\/2879.php\" >A Summary of the Kyoto Protocol \u2013 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change \u2013 UNFFC.int<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.earthsfriends.com\/kyoto-protocol-summary\/\" >THE KYOTO PROTOCOL SUMMARY, by Alex Schenker \u2013 Earth\u2019s Friends \u2013 EarthsFriends.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.antiessays.com\/free-essays\/Summary-Of-The-Kyoto-Protocol-110690.html\" >Summary Of the Kyoto Protocol \u2013 Pertinent Essays on This Subject \u2013 Anti Essays \u2013 AntiEssays.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/us.when.com\/vertical?q=summary%20of%20kyoto%20protocol&amp;type=content&amp;s_pt=source2&amp;s_it=content&amp;s_chn=14\" >Pertinent Web Links on the Summary of the Kyoto Protocol \u2013 When.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Problems of the Kyoto Protocol:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Criticism_of_the_Kyoto_Protocol\" >Criticism of the Kyoto Protocol \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.eoearth.org\/view\/article\/154065\/\" >Kyoto Protocol and the United States \u2013 The Encyclopedia OF EARTH \u2013 EOEarth.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bookrags.com\/research\/quitting-the-kyoto-protocol-the-uni-hbh-04\/#gsc.tab=0\" >Quitting the Kyoto Protocol: the United States Strikes Out Alone \u2013 Research Article from History Behind the Headlines \u2013 BOOKRAGS.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.vexen.co.uk\/USA\/pollution.html\" >The USA versus the Environment \u2013 Oil, Pollution and Kyoto \u2013 Vexen.co.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/commdocs.house.gov\/committees\/intlrel\/hfa49425.000\/hfa49425_0.htm\" >THE KYOTO PROTOCOL: PROBLEMS WITH U.S. SOVEREIGNTY AND THE LACK OF DEVELOPING COUNTRY PARTICIPATION \u2013 House.gov<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/cei.org\/op-eds-and-articles\/kyoto-protocol-simply-wrong-wrong-wrong\" >Kyoto Protocol Simply Wrong, Wrong, Wrong, by Iain Murray \u2013 February 14, 2015 \u2013 COMPETITIVE ENTERPRISE INSTITUTE \u2013 CEI.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/burycoal.com\/blog\/2011\/12\/01\/objection-problems-with-kyoto\/\" >Objection: problems with Kyoto \u2013 December 1, 2011 \u2013 BuryCoal.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.eia.gov\/oiaf\/kyoto\/kyotobrf.html\" >What Does the Kyoto Protocol Mean to the US Energy Markets and the US Economy? \u2013 October 1998 \u2013 Energy Information Administration \u2013 EIA.gov<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ecoeconomics.org\/rcc\/kp.html#a04\" >Problems the Kyoto Protocol cannot solve \u2013 EcoEconomics.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mtholyoke.edu\/%7Edanov20d\/site\/challenges.htm\" >The Kyoto Protocol \u2013 Challenges \u2013 MTHOLYOKE.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/pulse\/problem-kyoto-protocol-seun-jabagun\" >Problem with Kyoto Protocol, by Seun Jabagun \u2013 Mar 7, 2015 \u2013 LinkedIn.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/cleantechnica.com\/2011\/12\/29\/was-the-kyoto-protocol-a-success-or-failure\/\" >Was the Kyoto Protocol a Success or Failure? , by Sylvio Marcacci \u2013 December 29<sup>th<\/sup>, 2011 \u2013 CleanTechnica.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1999\u00a0 <\/strong>Across Europe, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kurd\" >Kurdish<\/a> rebels take over embassies and hold hostages after <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Turkey\" >Turkey<\/a> arrests one of their rebel leaders, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Abdullah_%C3%96calan\" >Abdullah \u00d6calan<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1999\u00a0 <\/strong>In <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Uzbekistan\" >Uzbekistan<\/a>, a bomb explodes and gunfire is heard at the government headquarters in an apparent <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Assassination\" >assassination<\/a> attempt against <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/President\" >President<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Islom_Karimov\" >Islom Karimov<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1998\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/China_Airlines_Flight_676\" >China Airlines Flight 676<\/a> crashes into a road and residential area near <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chiang_Kai-shek_International_Airport\" >Chiang Kai-shek International Airport<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Taiwan\" >Taiwan<\/a>, killing all 196 aboard and seven more on the ground.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1991\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nicaragua\" >Nicaraguan<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Contras\" >Contras<\/a> leader <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Enrique_Berm%C3%BAdez\" >Enrique Berm\u00fadez<\/a> is assassinated in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Managua\" >Managua<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Enrique Berm\u00fadez:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Enrique_Berm%C3%BAdez\" >Enrique Berm\u00fadez &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.famousbirthdays.com\/people\/enrique-bermudez.html\" >Enrique Bermudez \u2013 famousbirthdays.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Contra War in Nicaragua:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/libcom.org\/history\/articles\/nicaragua-contras\" >The contra war in Nicaragua \u2013 Noam Chomsky \u2013 libcom.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nicaragua.com\/blog\/nicaragua-origins-and-effects-of-the-contra-war\" >Nicaragua \u2013 Origins and Effects of the Contra War \u2013 Nicaragua.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/war-memorial.net\/Nicaragua-Govt-vs-Contras--3.189\" >Nicaragua Govt vs Contra \u2013 war-memorial.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.com\/2014\/10\/10\/gary-webb-dark-alliance_n_5961748.html\" >Key Figures In CIA-Crack Cocaine Scandal Begin To Come Forward \u2013 by Ryan Grim and Matt Ferner \u2013 October 10, 2014 &#8211; Huffingtonpost.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Iran-Contra Affair:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/iran-contra-connection-revealed\" >\u201cOn November 25, controversy over the administration\u2019s secret dealings with Iran deepened dramatically when Attorney General Meese announced that the arms sales proceeds were diverted to fund Nicaraguan rebels\u2013the Contras\u2013who were fighting a guerrilla war against the elected leftist government of Nicaragua.\u201d &#8211; NOV 25, 1986: THIS DAY IN HISTORY: Iran-Contra connection revealed \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boundless.com\/u-s-history\/textbooks\/boundless-u-s-history-textbook\/the-conservative-turn-of-america-1968-1989-30\/the-reagan-administration-228\/the-iran-contra-scandal-1297-9771\/\" >The Iran-Contra Scandal \u2013 Boundless.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/alvaradohistory.com\/yahoo_site_admin\/assets\/docs\/4IranContraAffair.362201823.pdf\" >The Iran-Contra Affair, by Jon Carroll and Ronald Reagan \u2013 AlvaradoHistory.com \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fas.org\/irp\/offdocs\/walsh\/chap_31.htm\" >Chapter 31 Edwin Meese III: November 1986 \u2013 FAS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/repository.upenn.edu\/cgi\/viewcontent.cgi?article=1213&amp;context=curej\" >Evidence and Analysis: The Iran-Contra Affair As seen through American, Middle Eastern, and Soviet news sources, by Devin Chavira \u2013 1-1-2004 \u2013 UPenn.edu \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/muse.jhu.edu\/books\/9780700620364\" >Iran-Contra: Reagan\u2019s Scandal and the Unchecked Abuse of Presidential Power, by Malcolm Byrne \u2013 2014 \u2013 JHU.edu \u2013 pdf downloadable<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1987\u00a0 <\/strong>The trial of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/John_Demjanjuk\" >John Demjanjuk<\/a>, accused of being a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nazism\" >Nazi<\/a> guard dubbed \u201cIvan the Terrible\u201d in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Treblinka_extermination_camp\" >Treblinka extermination camp<\/a>, starts in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jerusalem\" >Jerusalem<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1986\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soviet_Union\" >Soviet<\/a> liner <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/MS_Mikhail_Lermontov\" >MS\u00a0<em>Mikhail Lermontov<\/em><\/a> runs aground in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marlborough_Sounds\" >Marlborough Sounds<\/a>, New Zealand.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1985\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hezbollah\" >Hezbollah<\/a> is founded.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Hezbollah and Its History:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Hezbollah\" >Hezbollah \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/mideastweb.org\/Middle-East-Encyclopedia\/hezbollah.htm\" >Hezbollah \u2013 Encyclopedia of Middle East \u2013 MideastWeb.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/frontlineworld\/stories\/lebanon\/thestory.html\" >LEBANON: Party of God \u2013 May 2006 \u2013 PBS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Hezbollah\" >History of Hezbollah \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/content.time.com\/time\/world\/article\/0,8599,1903301,00.html\" >A BRIEF HISTORY OF Hezbollah Monday, June 08, 2008 \u2013 TIME<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.defenddemocracy.org\/media-hit\/the-secret-history-of-hezbollah\/\" >The Secret History of Hezbollah, by Tony Badran \u2013 18<sup>th<\/sup> November 2013 \u2013 DefendeDemocracy.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theatlantic.com\/international\/archive\/2013\/10\/the-origins-of-hezbollah\/280809\/\" >The Origins of Hezbollah \u2013 TheAtlantic.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/abcnews.go.com\/Blotter\/story?id=5203824&amp;page=1\" >Hezbollah\u2019s History of Violence \u2013 ANCNews.go.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/Terrorism\/hizbollah.html\" >Hezbollah \u2013 History &amp; Overview \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.terrorism-info.org.il\/en\/article\/20436\" >Hezbollah: Portrait of a Terrorist Organization \u2013 The Meir Amit Intelligence and Terrorism Information Center \u2013 Terroristm-Info.org.il<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.terrorism-info.org.il\/en\/article\/20436\" >Hezbollah: A history of violence \u2013 THE GOLBE AND MAIL \u2013 Terrorism-Info.org.il<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.camera.org\/index.asp?x_context=2&amp;x_outlet=118&amp;x_article=1148\" >Timeline of Hezbollah Violence \u2013 July 17, 2006 \u2013 CAMERA.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/press.georgetown.edu\/book\/georgetown\/hezbollah\" >Book Review: <em>HEZBOLLHA: The Global Footprint of Lebanon\u2019s Party of God<\/em>, by Mathew Levitt \u2013 Georgetown University Press<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.hup.harvard.edu\/catalog.php?isbn=9780674066519\" >Book: <em>Hezbollah: A History of \u2018Party of God\u2019<\/em> , by Dominique Avon and Ana\u00efs-Trissa Khatchadourian \u2013 translated by Jane Marie Todd \u2013 published September 2012 \u2013 Harvard University Press<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1983\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ash_Wednesday_bushfires\" >Ash Wednesday bushfires<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Victoria_%28Australia%29\" >Victoria<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/South_Australia\" >South Australia<\/a> kill 75.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1979\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> at Eastern Kazakh\/<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Semipalatinsk_Test_Site\" >Semipalitinsk<\/a> USSR.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>USSR Nuclear Tests in 1979:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1979_Soviet_nuclear_tests\" >1979 Soviet nuclear tests &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>USSR\u2019s Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovwpnprog.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/tests\/USSR-ntestsS.html\" >Database of nuclear tests, USSR\/Russia: overview \u2013 JohnstonArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Effect and\/or Impact of Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/page-3-effects-of-nuclear-weapon-testing-by-the-soviet-union\/\" >Page 3: Effects of Nuclear Weapon Testing by the Soviet Union \u2013 Economic, social, and environmental impacts \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/general-overview-of-theeffects-of-nuclear-testing\/\" >GENERAL OVERVIEW OF THE EFFECTS OF NUCLEAR TESTING \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/slashdot.org\/story\/13\/08\/20\/1738213\/the-secret-effort-to-clean-up-a-former-soviet-nuclear-test-site\" >The Secret Effort To Clean Up a Former Soviet Nuclear Test Site \u2013 Slashdot.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/citeseerx.ist.psu.edu\/viewdoc\/summary?doi=10.1.1.543.8580\" >A Review of Nuclear Testing by the Soviet Union at Novaya, by Vitaly I. Khalturin , Tatyana G. Rautian , Paul G. Richards , and William S. Leith \u2013 CiteSeerX- PSU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Underground Nuclear Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tightflash.org\/all_911\/third_truth\/nuclear_demolition_basic\/USGSOFR01312.pdf\" >The Containment of Soviet Underground Nuclear Explosions, by Vitaly V. Adshkin, and William Leith \u2013 OPEN FILE REPROT 01-312, September 2001 \u2013 US DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/srl.geoscienceworld.org\/content\/86\/2A\/451.full.pdf\" >Political Seismology or Seismological Politics: Natural Resources Defense Council \u2013 USSR Experiments in Underground Nuclear Test Verification, by Anna Amramina<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2013\/02\/11\/world\/asia\/north-korea-underground-explosion-explainer\/index.html\" >What happens with an underground nuclear test? , by Kevin Voigt \u2013 February 19, 2013 \u2013 CNN<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nnsa.energy.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/nv_sweis\/environmentalimpact\/v2\/Appendix%20H.pdf\" >APPENDIX H \u2013 UNDERGROUND NUCLEAR TESTING<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/gajitz.com\/buried-history-underground-nuclear-weapons-tests\/\" >Buried History: Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 GAJITZ.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theblogbelow.com\/2008\/07\/underground-nuclear-test.html\" >Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 TheBlogBelow.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ldeo.columbia.edu\/res\/pi\/Monitoring\/Arch\/BRV_arch_exp.html\" >Borovoye Archive Data from Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 Columbia.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/of\/1993\/0501\/report.pdf\" >Physical Environment of the Underground Nuclear Test Site on Novaya Zemlya, Russia, by John R. Matzko \u2013 Open-File Report 93-501- Reston, Virginia \u2013 1993 \u2013 THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOGRAPHICAL SURVEY<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.boston.com\/bigpicture\/2009\/11\/kazakhstans_radioactive_legacy.html\" >Kazakhstan\u2019s radioactive legacy \u2013 Boston.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/wn.com\/semipalatinsk_test_site\" >\u201cMy home: nuclear base Semipalatinsk \u2013 21\u201d, Episode 02 \u201cMain Testing Field\u201d (Video: 3 min. 14 sec.) \u2013 WN.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/soviet_nuclear_testing_semipalatinsk_20th_anniversary\/24311518.html\" >Slow Death In Kazakhstan\u2019s Land Of Nuclear Tests \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/carlwillis.wordpress.com\/2012\/08\/13\/visit-to-the-semipalatinsk-nuclear-test-site\/\" >Visit to the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 SPEICAL NUCLEAR MATERIAL<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www-ns.iaea.org\/appraisals\/semipalatinsk.asp\" >The Semipalatinsk Test Site, Kazakhstan \u2013 IAEA.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nti.org\/facilities\/732\/\" >Semipalatinsk Test Site \u2013 NTI.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/io9.com\/5988266\/the-tragic-story-of-the-semipalatinsk-nuclear-test-site\" >The Tragic Story of the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site, by Vincze Mikl\u00f3s \u2013 io9.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/Sixty_Years_After_First_Soviet_Nuclear_Test_Legacy_Of_Misery_Lives_On\/1809712.html\" >60 Years After First Soviet Nuclear Test, Legacy Of Misery Lives On In Kazakhstan \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty \u2013 Monday, August 10, 2015 \u2013 RFERL.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/2\/hi\/8236431.stm\" >Soviet nuclear tests leave Kazakh fallout \u2013 Sunday, 6 September 2009 \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/wp-dyn\/content\/story\/2010\/02\/24\/ST2010022403314.html?sid=ST2010022403314\" >In Kazakhstan, the race for uranium goes nuclear, by Philip P. Pan \u2013 Thursday, February 25, 2005 \u2013 The Washington Post<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclearno.com\/text.asp?17456\" >Secrets of Semipalatinsk: How nuclear theft was averted in Central Asia \u2013 NuclearNo.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/listverse.com\/2012\/05\/15\/top-10-nuclear-test-sites\/\" >Top 10 Nuclear Test Sites, Michael Affleck, May 15, 2012 \u2013 Our World \u2013 ListVerse.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Health, and Ecological Issues in Kazakhstan\/Semipalatinsk:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/reference.allrefer.com\/country-guide-study\/kazakhstan\/kazakhstan17.html\" >Kazakstan\/Kazakhstan \u2013 Environmental Problems \u2013 Reference.AllRefer.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclear-risks.org\/fileadmin\/user_upload\/pdfs\/HBWW_EN\/Semipalatinsk_EN_web.pdf\" >\u201cIn Semipalatinsk, the local population was exposed to high levels of radioactivity from nuclear weapon tests for several decades\u2026\u201d \u2013 Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: Nuclear test site \u2013 Nuclear-Risk.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/large.stanford.edu\/courses\/2014\/ph241\/powell2\/docs\/vakulchuk.pdf\" >Semipalatinsk nuclear testing: the humanitarian consequences \u2013 Norwegian Institute of International Affairs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclearfiles.org\/menu\/key-issues\/nuclear-weapons\/issues\/testing\/PDFs\/JC-143920%5B1%5D.pdf\" >Radionuclide Contamination at Kazakhstan\u2019s Semipalatinsk Test Site Implications on Human and Ecological Heath, by T.M. Carlsen, L.E. Peterson, B.A. Ulsh, C.A. Werner, K.L.Purvis, A.C. Sharber<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.irpa.net\/irpa10\/cdrom\/00504.pdf\" >Radiation Exposure on Residents due to Semipalatinsk Nuclear Tests \u2013 IRPA.net<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nukefreetexas.org\/downloads\/plutominum_uranium_semipalatinsk_test_site.pdf\" >Plutonium and Uranium in Human Bones from Areas surrounding the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 NukeFreeTexas.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.csmonitor.com\/World\/Asia-South-Central\/2013\/0828\/Secrets-of-Semipalatinsk-How-nuclear-theft-was-averted-in-Central-Asia\" >\u201cTheir research done on sample villages near the test site found cancer mortality rates 2-1\/2 times greater than those in a control village. The agency says some 356,000 people face radiation risk, with 70 percent of those being descendants of exposed villagers\u2026\u201d \u2013 Secrets of Semipalatinsk: How nuclear theft was averted in Central Asia \u2013 The Christian Science Monitor<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/cajgh.pitt.edu\/ojs\/index.php\/cajgh\/article\/view\/127\/0\" >Studies of Health Effects from Nuclear Testing near the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site Kazakhstan, by Bernd Grosche, Tamara Zhunussova, Kazbek Apsalikov, Ausrele Kesminiene<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.idosi.org\/wasj\/wasj23%285%2913\/19.pdf\" >Information Report on Biological Studies Conducted At the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 IDOSI.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/europepmc.org\/articles\/PMC3866702\" >Mortality from Cardiovascular Disease in the Semipalatinsk Historical Cohort, 1960 \u2013 1999, and its Relationship to Radiation Exposure \u2013 Europe PubMed Central<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/soviet_nuclear_testing_semipalatinsk_20th_anniversary\/24311518.html\" >Slow Death of Kazakhstan\u2019s Land Of Nuclear Tests \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty \u2013 RFRL.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thebulletin.org\/lasting-toll-semipalatinsks-nuclear-testing\" >The lasting toll of Semipalitinsk\u2019s nuclear testing \u2013 TheBulletin.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/12566948_External_doses_of_residents_near_Semipalatinsk_nuclear_test_site\" >External Doses of Residents near Semipalitinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 ResearchGate.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1978\u00a0 <\/strong>The first computer <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bulletin_board_system\" >bulletin board system<\/a> is created (<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/CBBS\" >CBBS<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chicago\" >Chicago<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p><strong>1977\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sary_Shagan\" >Sary Shagan<\/a>, USSR.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>USSR Nuclear Tests in 1977:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1977_Soviet_nuclear_tests\" >1977 Soviet nuclear tests &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>USSR Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovwpnprog.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/tests\/USSR-ntestsS.html\" >Database of nuclear tests, USSR\/Russia: overview \u2013 JohnstonArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Sary-Shagan Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nti.org\/facilities\/682\/\" >Sary-Shagan \u2013 NTI<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/aboutkazakhstan.com\/blog\/army\/missile-firing-at-sary-shagan-testing-ground\/\" >Missile firing at Sary-Shagan testing ground \u2013 AboutKazakhstan.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.astronautix.com\/sites\/sarhagan.htm\" >Sary-Shagan \u2013 Encyclopedia Astronautica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/missilethreat.com\/russian-tv-profiles-sary-shagan-test-range\/\" >Russian TV Profiles Sary-Shagan Test Range \u2013 MISSILE THREAT \u2013 MissileThreat.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/ausairpower.net\/APA-Rus-ABM-Systems.html\" >Russian\/Soviet Anti-Ballistic Missile Systems \u2013 AusAirPower.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/ijkm.nl\/Sary-Shagan\" >Sary-Shagan \u2013 Russian Super Weapons Hypersonic Aircraft Igla Armas<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jamesoberg.com\/140520-topol-ky.pdf\" >Russia\u2019s KYSS-08 \u2018Topol\u2019 \u2013 Mystery Missile Mission \u2013 Kapustin Yar to Sary Shagon \u2013 Eighth Launch \u2013 May 20, 2014<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.siberianinsider.com\/russia-to-upgrade-neman-p-radar-in-sary-shagan.html\" >Russia to upgrade Neman-P rader in Sary-Shagon \u2013 28.08.2014 \u2013 Siberian Insider \u2013 SiberianInsider.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/freebeacon.com\/national-security\/russia-again-flight-tests-new-icbm-to-treaty-violating-range\/\" >\u201c<em>The RS-26 missile carried a dummy warhead from Russia\u2019s Kapustin Yar missile facility, located about 80 miles south of Volgograd in southern Russia, to an impact range at Sary Shagan in Kazakhstan<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Russia Again Flight Tests New ICBM to Treaty-Violating Rage, by Bill Gertz \u2013 March 31, 2015 \u2013 FreeBeacon.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1968\u00a0 <\/strong>The first computer <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bulletin_board_system\" >bulletin board system<\/a> is created (<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/CBBS\" >CBBS<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chicago\" >Chicago<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p><strong>1961\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DuSable_Museum_of_African_American_History\" >DuSable Museum of African American History<\/a> is chartered.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1961\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Explorer_program\" >Explorer program<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Explorer_9\" >Explorer 9<\/a> (S-56a) is launched.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1960\u00a0 <\/strong>The US Navy submarine <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/USS_Triton_%28SSRN-586%29\" >USS\u00a0<em>Triton<\/em><\/a> begins <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Operation_Sandblast\" >Operation Sandblast<\/a>, setting sail from <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/New_London,_Connecticut\" >New London, Connecticut<\/a>, to begin the first submerged circumnavigation of the globe.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1959\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fidel_Castro\" >Fidel Castro<\/a> becomes Premier of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cuba\" >Cuba<\/a> after dictator <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fulgencio_Batista\" >Fulgencio Batista<\/a> was overthrown on <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/January_1\" >January 1<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Cuba and the United States:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cuba%E2%80%93United_States_relations\" >Cuba-United States relations \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.latinamericanstudies.org\/us-cuba.htm\" >United States-Cuba Relations \u2013 LatinAmericanStudies.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/usforeignpolicy.about.com\/od\/countryprof4\/p\/uscubaprofile.htm\" >The US-Cuban Relationship \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.latinamericanstudies.org\/diaz-verson.htm\" >WHEN CASTRO BECAME A COMMUNIST: The Impact on US-Cuba Policy, by Salvador Diaz-Verson \u2013 Institute for US-Cuba Relations \u2013 Occasional Paper Series Volume 1, No.1, November 3, 1997<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/blogs.bu.edu\/guidedhistory\/historians-craft\/manny-paula\/\" >John F Kennedy versus Fidel Castro in the Early 1960s \u2013 BU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.hpu.edu\/CHSS\/History\/GraduateDegree\/MADMSTheses\/files\/Ann_Marie_Holmes.pdf\" >United States and Cuba: 1898-1958, by Ann-Marie Holmes \u2013 HPU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/content.time.com\/time\/nation\/article\/0,8599,1891359,00.html\" >A BRIEF HISTORY OF US-CUBA RELATIONS, by Clair Suddah \u2013 Wednesday, Apr. 15, 2009 \u2013 TIME<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.aneki.com\/comparison.php?country_1=United%20States&amp;country_2=Cuba\" >United States vs Cuba \u2013 Comparison \u2013 Aneki.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/country-facts.findthedata.com\/compare\/1-18\/United-States-vs-Cuba\" >United States vs Cuba \u2013 FindTheData.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/janefranklin.info\/Cuba.htm\" >Cuba and the United States: A Chronical History, by Jane Fanklin<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.com\/news\/us-cuba-relations\/\" >US Cuba Relations \u2013 News Archives \u2013 The Huffington Post<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-latin-america-12159943\" >Timeline: US-Cuba relations \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Fidel Castro:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/cold-war\/fidel-castro\" >FILDEL CASTRO \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/wgbh\/amex\/castro\/timeline\/\" >Fidel Castro \u2013 PBS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.school-for-champions.com\/speeches\/castro_un_1960.htm#.VfameZeufX4\" >Fidel Castro\u2019s 1960 Address to the UN General Assembly: \u201cThe Problem of Cuba and its Revolutionary Policy\u201d \u2013 Part 1 of 4, by Ron Kurtus<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/spartacus-educational.com\/COLDcastroF.htm\" >Fidel Castro \u2013 Spartacus-Educational.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/biography\/var\/fidelcastro.html\" >Fidel Castro \u2013 Political Leader \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.gwu.edu\/%7Eerpapers\/mep\/displaydoc.cfm?docid=erpn-fidcas\" >\u201c<em>President of Cuba, communist revolutionary, and implacable foe of US foreign policy, Fidel Castro began his life on a sugar plantation in eastern Cuba<\/em>.\u201d Fidel Castro \u2013 GWU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.biography.com\/people\/fidel-castro-9241487\" >Fidel Castro \u2013 Biography \u2013 Biography.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.thefamouspeople.com\/profiles\/fidel-castro-14.php\" >Fidel Castro \u2013 Biography \u2013 TheFamousPeople.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Fidel-Castro\" >Fidel Castro \u2013 Political leader of Cuba \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Early_life_of_Fidel_Castro\" >Early life of Fidel Castro \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/latinamericanhistory.about.com\/od\/historyofthecaribbean\/p\/08fidelcastro.htm\" >Biography of Fidel Castro \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Cuba or the \u201cRepublic of Cuba\u201d (Rep\u00falica de Cuba):<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/geos\/cu.html\" >CUBA \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cuba\" >Cuba \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Cuba\" >Cuba \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/cuba.html\" >Cuba \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-latin-america-19583447\" >Cuba profile \u2013 Overview \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/americas\/cuba\" >Cuba \u2013 Human Rights Watch<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Foreign Relations of Cuba:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_Cuba\" >Foreign relations of Cuba \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cfr.org\/region\/cuba\/ri327\" >Cuba \u2013 Council of Foreign Relations \u2013 CFR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldlibrary.org\/articles\/Foreign_relations_of_Cuba\" >FOREIGN RELATIONS OF CUBA \u2013 WORLD PUBLIC LIBRARY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/bwcentral.org\/2015\/03\/the-council-of-foreign-relations-and-cuba\/\" >THE COUNCIL OF FOREIGN RELATOINS OF CUBA \u2013 BWCentral.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Cuba and USSR\/Russia:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cuba%E2%80%93Soviet_Union_relations\" >Cuba-Soviet Union relations \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cuba%E2%80%93Russia_relations\" >Cuba-Russian relations \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.coha.org\/cuba-russia-now-and-then\/\" >Cuba-Russia Now and Then \u2013 February 24, 2010 \u2013 COHA.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/blog.victimsofcommunism.org\/cuba-and-the-ussr-a-love-story\/\" >CUBA AND THE USSR: A LOVE STORY, by Katarina Hall, March 24, 2015 \u2013 VictimsOfCommunism.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.academia.edu\/7575209\/Fidel_Castros_Relationship_with_the_U.S.S.R._during_the_Bay_of_Pigs_Invasion_and_Cuban_Missile_Crisis\" >Fidel Castro\u2019s Relationship with the USSR during the Bay of Pig Invasion &amp; Cuban Missile Crisis, by Christian Martines \u2013 Academica.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History and Culture of Cuba:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Cuba\" >History of Cuba \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.thecubanhistory.com\/\" >The Cuban History<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/cuba-history.html\" >Cuba \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyofcuba.com\/cuba.htm\" >500 YEARS OF CUBAN HISTORY \u2013 HistoryOfCuba.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/cubahistory.org\/\" >History of Cuban Nation, from Colonial Days to the Present<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldtravelguide.net\/cuba\/history-language-culture\" >Cuba History, Language and Culture \u2013 World Travel Guide<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_Cuban_history\" >Timeline of Cuban history \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-latin-america-19576144\" >Cuba profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Culture_of_Cuba\" >Culture of Cuba \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/cubaheritage.com\/\" >CUBAN CULTURE, by CubaHeritage<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cubaheritage.org\/default.asp?lID=1\" >Cuba Heritage<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Economy of Cuba:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_Cuba\" >Economy of Cuba \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/military\/world\/cuba\/economy.htm\" >Cuba\u2019s Economy \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/cuba-economy.html\" >Cuba \u2013 Economy \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sjsu.edu\/faculty\/watkins\/cuba.htm\" >The Economic History and Economy of Cuba \u2013 Department of Economics \u2013 San Jos\u00e9 State University<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tradingeconomics.com\/cuba\/indicators\" >Cuba | Economic Indications \u2013 TradingEconomics.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/cuba\" >Cuba \u2013 Data \u2013 World Bank<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1945\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: American forces <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Corregidor_%281945%29\" >land on<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Corregidor_Island\" >Corregidor Island<\/a> in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Philippines\" >Philippines<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1943\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: Insertion of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Operation_Gunnerside\" >Operation Gunnerside<\/a>, Norway.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1943\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Red_Army\" >Red Army<\/a> troops re-enter <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kharkov\" >Kharkov<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1940\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_II\" >World War II<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Altmark_Incident\" >Altmark Incident<\/a>: The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/German_tanker_Altmark\" >German tanker Altmark<\/a> is boarded by sailors from the British <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Destroyer\" >destroyer<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/HMS_Cossack\" >HMS\u00a0<em>Cossack<\/em><\/a>. 299 British prisoners are freed.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1940\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_II\" >World War II<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Altmark_Incident\" >Altmark Incident<\/a>: The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/German_tanker_Altmark\" >German tanker Altmark<\/a> is boarded by sailors from the British <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Destroyer\" >destroyer<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/HMS_Cossack\" >HMS\u00a0<em>Cossack<\/em><\/a>. 299 British prisoners are freed.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1937\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wallace_H._Carothers\" >Wallace H. Carothers<\/a> receives a United States <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Patent\" >patent<\/a> for <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nylon\" >nylon<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1936\u00a0 <\/strong>Elections bring the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Popular_Front_%28Spain%29\" >Popular Front<\/a> to power in Spain.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1934\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Austrian_Civil_War\" >Austrian Civil War<\/a> ends with the defeat of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Austria\" >Social Democrats<\/a> and the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Republikanischer_Schutzbund\" >Republikanischer Schutzbund<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1923\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Howard_Carter\" >Howard Carter<\/a> unseals the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Burial_chamber\" >burial chamber<\/a> of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pharaoh\" >Pharaoh<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tutankhamun\" >Tutankhamun<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1918\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Council_of_Lithuania\" >Council of Lithuania<\/a> unanimously adopts the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Act_of_Independence_of_Lithuania\" >Act of Independence<\/a>, declaring <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lithuania\" >Lithuania<\/a> an independent state.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Independence of Lithuania:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lokashakti.org\/encyclopedia\/movements\/722-lithuanias-independence-movement--lokashakti-encyclopedia\" >Lithuania\u2019s independence movement (1988 \u2013 1991) \u2013 LokaShakti.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/lithuania-rejects-soviet-demand-to-renounce-its-independence\" >Lithuania rejects Soviet demand to renounce its independence \u2013 March 17, 1990 \u2013 THIS DAY IN HISTORY \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/odyg.wordpress.com\/2011\/01\/12\/lithuanian-independence-january-13-1991\/\" >Lithuanian Independence \u2013 January 13, 1991 \u2013 WordPress.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.garywallace.net\/index.php\/2010\/03\/11\/11-march-1990-lithuania-declared-independence-from-the-soviet-union\/\" >11 March 1990: Lithuania Declared Independence From the Soviet Union \u2013 GarryWallice.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/2\/hi\/europe\/country_profiles\/2133386.stm\" >Timeline: Lithuania \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History and Social Issues of Lithuania:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Lithuania\" >History of Lithuania \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.localhistories.org\/lithuania.html\" >A Short History of Lithuania \u2013 LocalHistories.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.balticsworldwide.com\/tourist\/lithuania\/history.htm\" >Lithuanian History \u2013 A Brief Chronology \u2013 BalticsWorldwide.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyworld.net\/wrldhis\/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=ac98\" >History of Lithuania \u2013 HistoryWorld.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/lithuania\/history\" >Lithuania \u2013 History \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/lithuania-history.html\" >Lithuania \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/globaledge.msu.edu\/countries\/lithuania\/history\/\" >History: Lithuania \u2013 MSU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.countriesquest.com\/europe\/lithuania\/land_and_resources\/environmental_issues.htm\" >\u201c<em>Like many countries of the former USSR, Lithuania has significant environmental problems related to pollution. Despite the growth of the country\u2019s environmental awareness since its independence from the USSR in 1991, a lack of technology, equipment, and funds make it difficult to adequately treat industrial emissions and to replace old equipment<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Land and Resources, Environmental Issues \u2013 Lithuania \u2013 CountriesQuest.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Suicide_in_Lithuania\" >Suicide in Lithuania \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.elibrary.lt\/resursai\/Mokslai\/LKA\/Monografijos\/tendency_of\/tendency_of_05.pdf\" >ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL SECURITY PROBLEMS IN LITHUANIA, by Juozas Bagdanavi\u010dius, Vladas Senkus<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Russia and the Baltic States:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.businessinsider.com\/russia-reviews-baltic-states-independence-2015-6\" >\u201c<em>Russia is going to review whether or not it was legal for the Soviet Union to recognize the Baltic states as independent nearly 25 years ago, according to a report by\u00a0Interfax<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Russia is reviewing the \u2018legality\u2019 of Baltic states\u2019 independence, by Barbara Tasch \u2013 June 30, 2015 \u2013 BusinessInsider.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.baltictimes.com\/russia_and_the_baltic_states__time_to_get_the_legal_facts_right\/\" >Russia and the Baltic States: Time to Get the Legal Facts Right \u2013 2015-07-06 \u2013 by Peter Van Elsuwege \u2013 BalticTimes.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Russians_in_the_Baltic_states\" >Russians in the Baltic states \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/2015\/07\/01\/us-russia-baltics-idUSKCN0PB4M520150701\" >\u201c<em>The Baltic states declared independence in 1990 and 1991, and activists in Lithuania and Latvia were killed in attempts by Soviet forces to quell rebellion. The events have been a matter of particular sensitivity in the three countries since Russia annexed Crimea from Ukraine, another former Soviet republic\u2026. Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia have Russian-speaking minorities and were unnerved by a statement by Putin last year declaring Moscow had the right to intervene with military force if necessary to protect Russian speakers abroad<\/em>.\u201d Russia tries to soothe Baltic states over independence review \u2013 July 1, 2015 \u2013 Reuters.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/europe\/russia\/11423416\/How-do-we-protect-the-Baltic-States.html\" >How do we protect the Baltic States?, by David Blair, graphic by Sam Dodge, 19 Feb. 2015 \u2013 Telegraph.co.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/politics\/2015\/feb\/19\/russia-a-threat-to-baltic-states-after-ukraine-conflict-warns-michael-fallon\" >Russia a threat to Baltic states after Ukraine conflict, warns Michael Fallon \u2013 19 Feb. 2015 \u2013 theguardian.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.newsweek.com\/putin-sets-his-sights-baltic-states-353682\" >Putin Sets His Sights on the Baltic States, by Halle Dale \u2013 7\/14\/15 \u2013 Newsweek.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1874\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dollar_coin_%28United_States%29\" >Silver Dollar<\/a> becomes legal US tender.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1866\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Spencer_Cavendish,_8th_Duke_of_Devonshire\" >Spencer Compton Cavendish, Marquess of Hartington<\/a> becomes British <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Secretary_of_State_for_War\" >Secretary of State for War<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1862\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/American_Civil_War\" >American Civil War<\/a>: General <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ulysses_S._Grant\" >Ulysses S. Grant<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Fort_Donelson\" >captures<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fort_Donelson\" >Fort Donelson<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tennessee\" >Tennessee<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1852\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Studebaker\" >Studebaker<\/a> Brothers wagon company, precursor of the automobile manufacturer, is established.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1804\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/First_Barbary_War\" >First Barbary War<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Stephen_Decatur\" >Stephen Decatur<\/a> leads a raid to burn the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pirate\" >pirate<\/a>-held frigate <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/USS_Philadelphia_%281799%29\" >USS\u00a0<em>Philadelphia<\/em><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1742\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Spencer_Compton,_1st_Earl_of_Wilmington\" >Spencer Compton<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Earl_of_Wilmington\" >Earl of Wilmington<\/a>, becomes <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom\" >British Prime Minister<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1699\u00a0 <\/strong>First <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Leopold_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor\" >Leopoldine<\/a> Diploma is issued by the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Holy_Roman_Emperor\" >Holy Roman Emperor<\/a>, recognizing the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Greek_Catholic\" >Greek Catholic<\/a> clergy enjoyed the same privileges as <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Roman_Catholic\" >Roman Catholic<\/a> priests in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Principality_of_Transylvania_%281570%E2%80%931711%29\" >Principality of Transylvania<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1646\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Torrington\" >Battle of Torrington<\/a>, Devon \u2013 the last major battle of the first <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/English_Civil_War\" >English Civil War<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>FEBRUARY 17<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>2011\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Libyan_Civil_War_%282011%29\" >Libyan protests<\/a> begin. In <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bahrain\" >Bahrain<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special_Security_Force_Command\" >security forces<\/a> launched a deadly <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pre-dawn_raid\" >pre-dawn raid<\/a> on protesters in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pearl_Roundabout\" >Pearl Roundabout<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Manama\" >Manama<\/a>, the day is locally known as <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bahrain_Bloody_Thursday\" >Bloody Thursday<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Bahrain Bloody Thursday of February 2011:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bahrain_Bloody_Thursday#Background\" >Background \u2013 Bahrain Bloody Thursday \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.enduringamerica.com\/home\/2011\/2\/17\/latest-libya-video-a-bloody-day-of-rage.html\" >Latest Libya Video: A Bloody \u201cDay of Rage\u201d \u2013 Thursday, February 17, 2011 \u2013 EA World View \u2013 EnduaringAmerica.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.syracuse.com\/news\/index.ssf\/2011\/02\/whats_going_on_day_of_rage_tur.html\" >What\u2019s going on: \u2018Day of Rage\u2019 turns bloody in Libya Thursday \u2013 February 17, 2011 \u2013 Syracuse.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.eurasiareview.com\/24022011-opposition-movement-moves-westward-in-libya-as-bloody-uprising-continues\/\" >Opposition Movement Moves Westward in Libya, as Bloody Uprising Continues \u2013 February 24, 2011 \u2013 Eurasia Review<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/duclarion.com\/2011\/02\/bloody-suppression-of-libyan-uprising-continues-3\/\" >Bloody suppression of Libya uprising continues, by Erin Holweger \u2013 February 27, 2011- Clarion \u2013 DuClarion.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cnas.org\/media-events\/cnas-in-the-news\/articles\/libya-s-civilians-suffer-in-bloody-stalemate\" >Libya\u2019s Civilians Suffer In Bloody Stalemate \u2013 March 24, 2011 \u2013 Center for a New American Security \u2013 CNAS.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_Bahraini_uprising_of_2011\" >Timeline of Bahraini uprising of 2011 \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Libya under Muammar Gaddafi:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Libya_under_Muammar_Gaddafi\" >History under Muammar Gaddafi \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/harvardpolitics.com\/world\/looking-libya\/\" >Looking at Libya, by Andrew Ma \u2013 November 19, 2013 \u2013 Harvard Political Review \u2013 HarvardPolitics.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/biography\/Qaddafi.html\" >Muammar Gaddafi (1942 \u2013 2011) \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/sas-space.sas.ac.uk\/3623\/3\/Libya_III.pdf\" >Libya: The Illusive Revolution \u2013 Part III: An Army for Islam, by Ruth First \u2013 SAS.ac.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/onthisday\/hi\/dates\/stories\/september\/1\/newsid_3911000\/3911587.stm\" >ON THIS DAY: 1 September \u2013 1969: Bloodless coup in Libya \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.systemicpeace.org\/inscr\/CSPCoupsCodebook2013.pdf\" >COUP D\u2019\u00c9TAT EVENTS, 1946 \u2013 2013 \u2013 CODEBOOK, by Monty G. Marshall, and Donna Ramsey Marshall \u2013 March 28, 2014 \u2013 SystemicPeace.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of Libya:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Libya\" >History of Libya \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyworld.net\/wrldhis\/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=aa83\" >HISTORY OF LIBYA \u2013 HistoryWorld.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/libyaweb.com\/History.html\" >THE HISTORY OF LYBIA \u2013 LibyaWeb.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/libya\/3.htm\" >Libya \u2013 History \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/libya-history.html\" >Libya \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countrystudies.us\/libya\/23.htm\" >Libya \u2013 WORLD WAR II AND INDPENDENCE \u2013 CountryStudies.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/ww2db.com\/country\/Libya\" >Libya \u2013 World War II Database, by C Peter Chen \u2013 WW2DB.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/2015\/10\/how-the-west-broke-libya-and-returned-it-to-the-hatred-of-the-past\/\" >How the West Broke Libya and Returned It to the Hatred of the Past, by Yasmina Khadra \u2013 The Guardian \u2013 TMS<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-13755445\" >Libya profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Economy of Libya:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_Libya\" >Economy of Libya \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/country\/libya\" >LIBYA \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/libya\" >Libya \u2013 Data \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/libya\" >Libya \u2013 Index \u2013 THE HERITAGE FOUNDATION<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/libya-economy.html\" >Libya \u2013 Economy \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.afdb.org\/en\/countries\/north-africa\/libya\/libya-economic-outlook\/\" >Libya Economic Outlook\u2013 AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT BANK GROUP<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2008\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kosovo\" >Kosovo<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2008_Kosovo_declaration_of_independence\" >declares independence<\/a> as the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Republic_of_Kosovo\" >Republic of Kosovo<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Independence of Kosovo:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-kosovo-serbia-idUSHAM53437920080217\" >Kosovo declares independence from Serbia, by Douglas Hamilton \u2013 Sun Feb 17, 2008 \u2013 Reuters.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Text of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.assembly-kosova.org\/common\/docs\/Dek_Pav_e.pdf\" >Kosovo Declaration of Independence \u2013 February 17, 2008 \u2013 Assembly-Kosova.org \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2008_Kosovo_declaration_of_independence#Political_background\" >Political background \u2013 Kosovo declaration of independence \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/geography.about.com\/od\/specificplacesofinterest\/a\/kosovoindependence.htm\" >Kosovo Independence \u2013 About education \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.counterpunch.org\/2008\/02\/19\/the-independence-of-kosovo\/\" >The independence of Kosovo, by Gary Leupp \u2013 CounterPunch.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/International_recognition_of_Kosovo\" >International recognition of Kosovo \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Kosovo Conflict:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kosovo_War\" >Kosovo War \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ifrc.org\/docs\/appeals\/98\/179808.pdf\" >ALBANIA: REFUGEE INFLUX FROM KOSOVO \u2013 December 16, 1998 \u2013 IFRC.org \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historytoday.com\/robert-bideleux\/kosovos-conflict\" >Kosovo\u2019s Conflict \u2013 HistoryToday.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Kosovo-conflict\" >Kosovo conflict \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.religioustolerance.org\/war_koso.htm\" >Religious aspects of the Yugoslavia \u2013 Kosovo conflict \u2013 ReligiousTolerance.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=ulPsNrMMZ3E\" >YouTube video (10 min. 16 sec.): 1999 \u2013 a documentary about Kosovo War ethnic cleansing<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_massacres_in_the_Kosovo_War\" >List of massacres in the Kosovo war \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/2\/hi\/europe\/5165042.stm\" >Flashback to Kosovo\u2019s war \u2013 Monday 10 July 2006 \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/wgbh\/pages\/frontline\/shows\/kosovo\/etc\/cron.html\" >A Kosovo Chronology \u2013 FRONTLINE \u2013 PBS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Kosovo Liberation Army:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kosovo_Liberation_Army#Foreign_support\" >Foreign support \u2013 Kosovo Liberation Army \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.hrw.org\/reports\/2001\/kosovo\/undword.htm\" >UNDER ORDERS: War Crimes in Kosovo. executive summary<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>The United States, NATO and the Kosovo Conflict:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www2.needham.k12.ma.us\/nhs\/cur\/Baker_00\/03-04\/baker%20-%20p1%20-%20yao\/us-kosovo.html\" >A Historic Intervention: Kosovo Conflict \u2013 MA.us<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cato.org\/publications\/congressional-testimony\/us-role-kosovo\" >The US Role in Kosovo, by Doug Bandow \u2013 March 10, 1999 \u2013 CATO.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nato.int\/kosovo\/history.htm\" >NATO\u2019s role in relation to the conflict in Kosovo \u2013 NATO.int<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nato.int\/acad\/fellow\/97-99\/brovkin.pdf\" >Discourse on NATO in Russia During the Kosovo War, by Vladimir Brovkin \u2013 NATO.int \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opendemocracy.net\/article\/the-kosovo-war-between-two-eras-2\" >Kosovo war: between two eras, by Martin Shaw \u2013 1 April 2009 \u2013 OpenDemocracy.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.economist.com\/blogs\/easternapproaches\/2013\/09\/balkans-and-syria\" >What did America learn from the 1999 Kosovo war? \u2013 Sep 11<sup>th<\/sup>, 2013 \u2013 The Economist<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/NATO_bombing_of_Yugoslavia\" >NATO\u2019s bombing of Yugoslavia \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalresearch.ca\/the-u-s-nato-military-intervention-in-kosovo\/1666\" >US-NATO Military Intervention in Kosovo \u2013 19 December 2005 \u2013 GlobalResearch.ca<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rand.org\/pubs\/monograph_reports\/MR1365.html\" >NATO\u2019s Air War for Kosovo: A Strategic and Operational Assessment, by Benjamin S Lambeth \u2013 Rand.org \u2013 pdf downloadable<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/ALLPOLITICS\/stories\/1999\/05\/13\/clinton.kosovo\/transcript.html\" >Transcript: Clinton justifies US involvement in Kosovo \u2013 May 13, 1999 \u2013 CNN.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.crisisgroup.org\/en\/regions\/europe\/balkans\/kosovo\/061-war-in-the-balkans-consequences-of-the-kosovo-conflict-and-future-options-for-kosovo-and-the-region.aspx\" >War in The Balkans: Consequences of the Kosovo Conflict and Future Options for Kosovo and the Region \u2013 19 April 1999 \u2013 CrisisGroup.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=EEhgwdJldeU\" >YouTube video (4 min. 51 sec.): Noam Chomsky About Serbia, Kosovo, Yugoslavia and NATO War 1<\/a>, <strong><em>or<\/em><\/strong> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.yourepeat.com\/watch\/?v=EEhgwdJldeU#%21\" >the same video on this site: YouRepeat.com<\/a>. The transcription of this video: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/chomsky.info\/20060425\/\" >On the NATO Bombing of Yugoslavia: Noam Chomsky interviewed by Danilo Mandi\u0107 \u2013 RTS Online, April 25, 2006 \u2013 Chomsky.info<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>History of Kosovo:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/AppData\/Local\/Temp\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Kosovo\" >History of Kosovo \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/kosovo\/history\" >Kosovo \u2013 History \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/kosovo.net\/hist.html\" >History of Kosovo and Metohija \u2013 Kosovo.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/kosovo-history.html\" >Kosovo \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-europe-18331273\" >Kosovo profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/us.when.com\/vertical?q=history%20of%20kosovo&amp;type=content&amp;s_pt=source2&amp;s_it=content&amp;s_chn=16\" >Pertinent Web Links on History of Kosovo \u2013 When.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2006\u00a0 <\/strong>A <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2006_Southern_Leyte_mudslide\" >massive mudslide<\/a> occurs in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Southern_Leyte\" >Southern Leyte<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Philippines\" >Philippines<\/a>; the official death toll is set at 1,126.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2003\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/London_congestion_charge\" >London congestion charge<\/a> is introduced.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1996\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/NASA\" >NASA<\/a>\u2018s <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Discovery_Program\" >Discovery Program<\/a> begins as the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/NEAR_Shoemaker\" >NEAR Shoemaker<\/a> spacecraft lifts off on the first mission ever to orbit and land on an asteroid, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/433_Eros\" >433 Eros<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1996\u00a0 <\/strong>In <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Philadelphia\" >Philadelphia<\/a>, world champion <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Garry_Kasparov\" >Garry Kasparov<\/a> beats the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Deep_Blue_%28chess_computer%29\" >Deep Blue<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Supercomputer\" >supercomputer<\/a> in a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chess\" >chess<\/a> match.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1995\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cenepa_War\" >Cenepa War<\/a> between <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Peru\" >Peru<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ecuador\" >Ecuador<\/a> ends on a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ceasefire\" >ceasefire<\/a> brokered by the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Nations\" >UN<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Genepa War:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cenepa_War#Background\" >Background \u2013 Genepa War \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.onwar.com\/aced\/chrono\/c1900s\/yr90\/cenepawar1995.htm\" >GENEPA WAR 1995 \u2013 OnWar.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/wars.findthedata.com\/l\/364\/Cenepa-War\" >Genepa War \u2013 FindTheData.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/prezi.com\/hxgnkxmcu8vc\/cenepa-war\/\" >Genepa War, by Dan Sheridan \u2013 30 November 2014 \u2013 Prezi.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Historical Background of Ecuador-Peru Dispute:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.foreignaffairs.com\/articles\/ecuador\/1942-07-01\/ecuador-peru-boundary-dispute\" >Ecuador-Peru Boundary Dispute, by Isaiah Bowman \u2013 July 1942 issue \u2013 Foreign Affairs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyguy.com\/Ecuador-Peru_War_of_1941.html\" >Ecuador-Peru Border War (1941) \u2013 HistoryGuy.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.peruviantimes.com\/29\/humala-correa-promise-to-strengthen-peru-ecuador-relations\/12867\/\" >Hamala, Correa promise to strengthen Peru-Ecuador relations \u2013 June 29, 2011 \u2013 PeruvianTimes.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_the_Ecuadorian%E2%80%93Peruvian_territorial_dispute\" >History of Ecuadorian and Peruvian territorial dispute \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Peru-Ecuador Relations:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_Ecuador#Peru\" >Peru \u2013 Foreign relations of Ecuador \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_Peru#Latin_America\" >Latin American \u2013 Foreign relations of Peru \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.latinnews.com\/component\/k2\/item\/13453-ecuador--better-relations-with-peru-than-colombia.html\" >ECUADOR: Better relations with Peru than Colombia \u2013 LatinNews.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1992\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nagorno-Karabakh_War\" >Nagorno-Karabakh War<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Armenia\" >Armenian<\/a> troops <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Garadaghly_Massacre\" >massacre<\/a> more than 20 <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Azerbaijani_people\" >Azerbaijani<\/a> civilians in the village of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Qarada%C4%9Fl%C4%B1,_Khojavend\" >Qarada\u011fl\u0131<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Nagorno-Karabakh War:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nagorno-Karabakh_War#Background\" >Background \u2013 Nagorno-Karabakh War \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/azerbaijanamericaalliance.org\/nagorno-karabakh\" >Key Issues \u2013 NAGORNO-KARABAKH CONFLICT \u2013 AzerbaijanAmericaAlliance.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/military\/world\/war\/nagorno-karabakh.htm\" >Nagorno-Karabakh \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/indepth\/features\/2015\/03\/tensions-reignite-nagorno-karabakh-conflict-150303121751335.html\" >Tensions reignite in the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, by Anna Nigmatulina \u2013 09 Mar 2015 \u2013 Aljazeera.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=s-zEumnEXW4\" >Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict (brief history) \u2013 YouTube video (12 min. 11 sec.)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Massacre in Qarada\u011fl\u0131 of 1992:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Capture_of_Garadaghly#The_assault\" >The assault \u2013 Capture of Garadaghly \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_massacres_in_Azerbaijan\" >List of massacres in Azerbaijan \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1989\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> at Eastern Kazakh\/<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Semipalatinsk_Test_Site\" >Semipalitinsk<\/a> USSR.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>USSR Nuclear Tests in 1989:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1989_Soviet_nuclear_tests\" >1989 Soviet nuclear tests &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>USSR\u2019s Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovwpnprog.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/tests\/USSR-ntestsS.html\" >Database of nuclear tests, USSR\/Russia: overview \u2013 JohnstonArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Effect and\/or Impact of Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/page-3-effects-of-nuclear-weapon-testing-by-the-soviet-union\/\" >Page 3: Effects of Nuclear Weapon Testing by the Soviet Union \u2013 Economic, social, and environmental impacts \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/general-overview-of-theeffects-of-nuclear-testing\/\" >GENERAL OVERVIEW OF THE EFFECTS OF NUCLEAR TESTING \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/slashdot.org\/story\/13\/08\/20\/1738213\/the-secret-effort-to-clean-up-a-former-soviet-nuclear-test-site\" >The Secret Effort To Clean Up a Former Soviet Nuclear Test Site \u2013 Slashdot.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/citeseerx.ist.psu.edu\/viewdoc\/summary?doi=10.1.1.543.8580\" >A Review of Nuclear Testing by the Soviet Union at Novaya, by Vitaly I. Khalturin , Tatyana G. Rautian , Paul G. Richards , and William S. Leith \u2013 CiteSeerX- PSU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Underground Nuclear Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tightflash.org\/all_911\/third_truth\/nuclear_demolition_basic\/USGSOFR01312.pdf\" >The Containment of Soviet Underground Nuclear Explosions, by Vitaly V. Adshkin, and William Leith \u2013 OPEN FILE REPROT 01-312, September 2001 \u2013 US DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/srl.geoscienceworld.org\/content\/86\/2A\/451.full.pdf\" >Political Seismology or Seismological Politics: Natural Resources Defense Council \u2013 USSR Experiments in Underground Nuclear Test Verification, by Anna Amramina<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2013\/02\/11\/world\/asia\/north-korea-underground-explosion-explainer\/index.html\" >What happens with an underground nuclear test? , by Kevin Voigt \u2013 February 19, 2013 \u2013 CNN<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nnsa.energy.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/nv_sweis\/environmentalimpact\/v2\/Appendix%20H.pdf\" >APPENDIX H \u2013 UNDERGROUND NUCLEAR TESTING<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/gajitz.com\/buried-history-underground-nuclear-weapons-tests\/\" >Buried History: Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 GAJITZ.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theblogbelow.com\/2008\/07\/underground-nuclear-test.html\" >Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 TheBlogBelow.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ldeo.columbia.edu\/res\/pi\/Monitoring\/Arch\/BRV_arch_exp.html\" >Borovoye Archive Data from Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 Columbia.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/of\/1993\/0501\/report.pdf\" >Physical Environment of the Underground Nuclear Test Site on Novaya Zemlya, Russia, by John R. Matzko \u2013 Open-File Report 93-501- Reston, Virginia \u2013 1993 \u2013 THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOGRAPHICAL SURVEY<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.boston.com\/bigpicture\/2009\/11\/kazakhstans_radioactive_legacy.html\" >Kazakhstan\u2019s radioactive legacy \u2013 Boston.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/wn.com\/semipalatinsk_test_site\" >\u201cMy home: nuclear base Semipalatinsk \u2013 21\u201d, Episode 02 \u201cMain Testing Field\u201d (Video: 3 min. 14 sec.) \u2013 WN.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/soviet_nuclear_testing_semipalatinsk_20th_anniversary\/24311518.html\" >Slow Death In Kazakhstan\u2019s Land Of Nuclear Tests \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/carlwillis.wordpress.com\/2012\/08\/13\/visit-to-the-semipalatinsk-nuclear-test-site\/\" >Visit to the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 SPEICAL NUCLEAR MATERIAL<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www-ns.iaea.org\/appraisals\/semipalatinsk.asp\" >The Semipalatinsk Test Site, Kazakhstan \u2013 IAEA.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nti.org\/facilities\/732\/\" >Semipalatinsk Test Site \u2013 NTI.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/io9.com\/5988266\/the-tragic-story-of-the-semipalatinsk-nuclear-test-site\" >The Tragic Story of the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site, by Vincze Mikl\u00f3s \u2013 io9.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/Sixty_Years_After_First_Soviet_Nuclear_Test_Legacy_Of_Misery_Lives_On\/1809712.html\" >60 Years After First Soviet Nuclear Test, Legacy Of Misery Lives On In Kazakhstan \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty \u2013 Monday, August 10, 2015 \u2013 RFERL.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/2\/hi\/8236431.stm\" >Soviet nuclear tests leave Kazakh fallout \u2013 Sunday, 6 September 2009 \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/wp-dyn\/content\/story\/2010\/02\/24\/ST2010022403314.html?sid=ST2010022403314\" >In Kazakhstan, the race for uranium goes nuclear, by Philip P. Pan \u2013 Thursday, February 25, 2005 \u2013 The Washington Post<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclearno.com\/text.asp?17456\" >Secrets of Semipalatinsk: How nuclear theft was averted in Central Asia \u2013 NuclearNo.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/listverse.com\/2012\/05\/15\/top-10-nuclear-test-sites\/\" >Top 10 Nuclear Test Sites, Michael Affleck, May 15, 2012 \u2013 Our World \u2013 ListVerse.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Health, and Ecological Issues in Kazakhstan\/Semipalatinsk:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/reference.allrefer.com\/country-guide-study\/kazakhstan\/kazakhstan17.html\" >Kazakstan\/Kazakhstan \u2013 Environmental Problems \u2013 Reference.AllRefer.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclear-risks.org\/fileadmin\/user_upload\/pdfs\/HBWW_EN\/Semipalatinsk_EN_web.pdf\" >\u201cIn Semipalatinsk, the local population was exposed to high levels of radioactivity from nuclear weapon tests for several decades\u2026\u201d \u2013 Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: Nuclear test site \u2013 Nuclear-Risk.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/large.stanford.edu\/courses\/2014\/ph241\/powell2\/docs\/vakulchuk.pdf\" >Semipalatinsk nuclear testing: the humanitarian consequences \u2013 Norwegian Institute of International Affairs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclearfiles.org\/menu\/key-issues\/nuclear-weapons\/issues\/testing\/PDFs\/JC-143920%5B1%5D.pdf\" >Radionuclide Contamination at Kazakhstan\u2019s Semipalatinsk Test Site Implications on Human and Ecological Heath, by T.M. Carlsen, L.E. Peterson, B.A. Ulsh, C.A. Werner, K.L.Purvis, A.C. Sharber<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.irpa.net\/irpa10\/cdrom\/00504.pdf\" >Radiation Exposure on Residents due to Semipalatinsk Nuclear Tests \u2013 IRPA.net<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nukefreetexas.org\/downloads\/plutominum_uranium_semipalatinsk_test_site.pdf\" >Plutonium and Uranium in Human Bones from Areas surrounding the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 NukeFreeTexas.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.csmonitor.com\/World\/Asia-South-Central\/2013\/0828\/Secrets-of-Semipalatinsk-How-nuclear-theft-was-averted-in-Central-Asia\" >\u201cTheir research done on sample villages near the test site found cancer mortality rates 2-1\/2 times greater than those in a control village. The agency says some 356,000 people face radiation risk, with 70 percent of those being descendants of exposed villagers\u2026\u201d \u2013 Secrets of Semipalatinsk: How nuclear theft was averted in Central Asia \u2013 The Christian Science Monitor<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/cajgh.pitt.edu\/ojs\/index.php\/cajgh\/article\/view\/127\/0\" >Studies of Health Effects from Nuclear Testing near the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site Kazakhstan, by Bernd Grosche, Tamara Zhunussova, Kazbek Apsalikov, Ausrele Kesminiene<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.idosi.org\/wasj\/wasj23%285%2913\/19.pdf\" >Information Report on Biological Studies Conducted At the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 IDOSI.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/europepmc.org\/articles\/PMC3866702\" >Mortality from Cardiovascular Disease in the Semipalatinsk Historical Cohort, 1960 \u2013 1999, and its Relationship to Radiation Exposure \u2013 Europe PubMed Central<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/soviet_nuclear_testing_semipalatinsk_20th_anniversary\/24311518.html\" >Slow Death of Kazakhstan\u2019s Land Of Nuclear Tests \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty \u2013 RFRL.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thebulletin.org\/lasting-toll-semipalatinsks-nuclear-testing\" >The lasting toll of Semipalitinsk\u2019s nuclear testing \u2013 TheBulletin.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/12566948_External_doses_of_residents_near_Semipalatinsk_nuclear_test_site\" >External Doses of Residents near Semipalitinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 ResearchGate.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1983\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-united-states-nuclear-testing-programme\/\" >US performs nuclear test<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.onlinenevada.org\/articles\/nevada-test-site-overview\" >(underground)<\/a> at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nevada_Test_Site\" >Nevada Test Site<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>US Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_United_States\" >List of the nuclear weapons tests of the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nuclear_weapons_and_the_United_States\" >Nuclear Weapons and the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.atomcentral.com\/the-cold-war.aspx\" >The Cold War \u2013 AtomCentral.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Nuclear Weapons and the United States:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nuclear_weapons_and_the_United_States\" >Nuclear Weapons and the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/us\/2014\/231697.htm\" >Nuclear Weapons Testing: History, Progress, Challenges: Verifications and Entry into Force of the CTBT \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/avc\/rls\/202015.htm\" >US Nuclear Weapons Stockpile Life Extension Programs \u2013 January 3, 2013 \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/research\/articles\/2014\/04\/28-50-nuclear-facts\" >50 Facts About US Nuclear Weapons Today \u2013 April 28, 2014 \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/research\/lecture\/2012\/08\/the-future-of-the-us-nuclear-triad\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Program, by Michaela Dodge \u2013 The Heritage Foundation<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.armscontrol.org\/act\/1997_05\/nas\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Policy \u2013 Arms Control Association<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252183576_The_Future_of_the_U.S._Nuclear_Weapons_Program\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Program, by Linton F. Brooks \u2013 ResearchGate.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/us\/2014\/233254.htm\" >US Nuclear Weapons Policy in the 21<sup>st<\/sup> Century \u2013 Rose Gottemoeller, Under Secretary\u00a0for Arms Control and International Security, \u00a0Dixie State University, St. George, Utah \u2013 October 21, 2014 \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Nevada Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fas.org\/nuke\/guide\/usa\/facility\/nts.htm\" >NEVADA TEST SITE \u2013 FAS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/wmd\/facility\/nts.htm\" >NEVADA TEST SITE \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.onlinenevada.org\/articles\/nevada-test-site-overview\" >Nevada Test Site Overview \u2013 OnlineNevada.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/about\/projects\/archive\/nucweapons\/nts\" >Nuclear testing at the Nevada Test Site \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/toxipedia.org\/display\/wanmec\/Nevada+Test+Site\" >Nevada Test Site \u2013 Toxipedia.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/digital.library.unlv.edu\/ntsohp\/\" >Nevada Test Site \u2013 Oral History Project<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/archure.net\/liberty\/nukenevada.html\" >NUKE TESTING in NEVADA \u2013 Archure.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nv.doe.gov\/library\/publications\/Environmental\/DOENV_11718_594.pdf\" >ECOLOGY OF THE NEVADA TEST SITE: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nevadatestsite.info\/\" >Nevada Test Site Workers Exposed to Radiation \u2013 National Cancer Benefits Center \u2013 NevadaTestSite.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/about\/projects\/archive\/nucweapons\/50\" >50 Facts About the US Nuclear Weapons \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Usa\/Tests\/\" >Gallery of US Nuclear Tests \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.acq.osd.mil\/ncbdp\/nm\/nm_book_5_11\/index.htm\" >The Nuclear Matters Handbook<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Ecological and Health Issues in and around the Nevada Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/cdclv.unlv.edu\/healthnv\/environment.html\" >Environment and the Quality of Life in Nevada \u2013 UNLV.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nv.doe.gov\/library\/publications\/Environmental\/DOENV_11718_594.pdf\" ><em>ECONLGOY OF THE NEVADA TEST SITE: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY WITH NARRATIVE SUMMARY, KEY WORD INDEX, AND SPECIES LISTS<\/em> \u2013 DOE\/NEV\/11718-594<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.osti.gov\/scitech\/biblio\/6458066\" ><em>Nevada Applied Ecology Information Center: a review of technical information support provided to the Nevada Applied Ecology Group<\/em><em> \u2013<\/em> Sci-Tech Connect<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/ecologycenter.org\/terrainmagazine\/summer-2002\/sovereignty-at-shoshone-mountain\/\" >\u201c<em>Between 1951 and 1992, the United States bombed its own soil with nuclear weapons \u2014 945 times. All but 17 of those explosions took place on a stretch of basin-and-range desert northwest of Las Vegas called the Nevada Test Site (NTS),\u2026<\/em>\u201d \u2013 Sovereignty at Shoshone Mountain \u2013 EcologyCenter.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.princeton.edu\/%7Eota\/disk1\/1989\/8909\/8909.PDF\" ><em>The Containment of Underground Nuclear Explosions<\/em> \u2013 Princeton.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nevadatestsite.info\/\" >Nevada Test Site Workers Exposed to Radiation \u2013 National Cancer Benefits Center<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1980\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mount_Everest\" >Mount Everest<\/a>, 1st Winter Ascent by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Krzysztof_Wielicki\" >Krzysztof Wielicki<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Leszek_Cichy\" >Leszek Cichy<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1979\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sino-Vietnamese_War\" >Sino-Vietnamese War<\/a> begins.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Sino-Vietnamese War:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sino-Vietnamese_War#Background\" >Background \u2013 Sino-Vietnam War \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sino-Vietnamese_conflicts_1979%E2%80%9390\" >Sino-Vietnamese conflicts \u2013 1979-90 \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/military\/world\/war\/prc-vietnam.htm\" >Chinese Invasion of Vietnam: February 1979 \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/omeka.cga.harvard.edu\/exhibits\/show\/modern-vietnam\/sino-vietnam-war--february-17-\" >SINO-VIETNAM WAR (FEBRUARY 17, 1979 \u2013 MARCH 16, 1979) \u2013 Harvard.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/thewindowtotheglobe.wordpress.com\/2014\/02\/24\/the-root-causes-of-sino-vietnamese-war-1979\/\" >THE ROOT CAUSES OF SINO-VIETNAM WAR, 1979, by Tem Oudom \u2013 February 24, 2014 \u2013 TheWindowToTheGlobe.WordPress.com \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.vietnam.ttu.edu\/events\/1996_Symposium\/96papers\/elleviet.php\" >Sino-Soviet Relations and the February 1979 Sino-Vietnamese Conflict, by Bruce Elleman \u2013 20 April 1996 \u2013 TTU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Sino-Vietnamese-War\" >Sino-Vietnamese War \u2013 1979 \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sinovietnamesewar.com\/\" >Sino-Vietnam War \u2013 SinoVietnamWar.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/wars.findthedata.com\/l\/219\/Sino-Vietnamese-War\" >Sino-Vietnam War \u2013 FindTheData.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1978\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Troubles\" >The Troubles<\/a>: The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Provisional_Irish_Republican_Army\" >Provisional IRA<\/a> detonates an <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Incendiary_bomb\" >incendiary bomb<\/a> at the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/La_Mon_restaurant_bombing\" >La Mon restaurant<\/a>, near Belfast, killing 12 and seriously injuring 30.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>The Troubles of 1978:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/cain.ulst.ac.uk\/othelem\/chron\/ch78.htm\" >Chronology of the Conflict 1978 \u2013 CAIN Web Service \u2013 cain.ulst.ac.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Troubles\" >The Troubles &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/history\/topics\/troubles_violence\" >The Troubles \u2013 Violence in the Troubles \u2013 History \u2013BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Irish Republican Army (IRA)\/Provisional Republican Army (PIRA):<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cfr.org\/separatist-terrorism\/provisional-irish-republican-army-ira-aka-pira-provos-oglaigh-na-heireann-uk-separatists\/p9240\" >Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) (aka, PIRA, \u201cthe provos,\u201d \u00d3glaigh na h\u00c9ireann) (UK separatists) \u2013 Council on Foreign Relations, by Kathryn Gregory \u2013 CFR.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/military\/world\/para\/ira.htm\" >Irish Republican Army (IRA), Provisional Irish Republican Army (PIRA) the Provos Direct Action Against Drugs (DADD) \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/military.wikia.com\/wiki\/Provisional_Irish_Republican_Army\" >Provisional Irish Republican Army \u2013 Military.Wikia.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/hi\/english\/static\/in_depth\/northern_ireland\/2001\/provisional_ira\/\" >Provisional IRA: War, ceasefire, endgame? \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tumblr.com\/search\/provisional%20irish%20republican%20army\" >PROVISIONAL IRISH REPUBLICAN ARMY \u2013 Tumblr.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Irish-Republican-Army\" >Irish Republican Army \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Irish_Republican_Army\" >Irish Republican Army \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.com\/news\/irish-republican-army\/\" >Irish Republican Army \u2013 News Archives \u2013 The Huffington Post<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/terrorism.about.com\/od\/groupsleader1\/p\/IRA.htm\" >Guide to the Irish Republican Army \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Irish-Republican-Army\" >Irish Republican Army \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/irish-republican-army.html\" >Irish Republican Army \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/military\/world\/para\/ira.htm\" >Irish Republican Army (IRA) \u2013 Provisional Irish Republican Army (PIRA) \u2013 the Provos \u2013 Direct Action Against Drugs (DADD) \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/terrorism.about.com\/od\/groupsleader1\/p\/IRA.htm\" >Guide to the Irish Republican Army \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.emich.edu\/cerns\/downloads\/papers\/PoliceStaff\/Unsorted\/Irish%20Republican%20Army.pdf\" >Terrorism \u2013 Irish Republican Army, by Michele Koznicki, Corey Willett, Michal Griffin, Eric Manley, and Ronald Matten \u2013 Eastern Michigan University<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>IRA\u2019s Terrorism:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_terrorist_incidents_in_London#Irish_republican_attacks_during_.22the_Troubles.22\" >Irish republican attacks during the \u201cTroubles\u201d \u2013 List of terrorist incidents in London \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldreportnews.com\/europe-archived\/terrorism-and-the-ira-methodologies-and-context\" >Terrorism and the IRA: Methodologies and Context \u2013 WorldReportNews.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chronology_of_Provisional_Irish_Republican_Army_actions_%281990%E2%80%9399%29\" >Chronology of Provisional Irish Republican Army actions (1990-99) \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/uk\/2005\/jul\/07\/terrorism.july73\" >London past terror attacks \u2013 Thursday, 7 July 2005 \u2013 TheGuardian.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/uknews\/terrorism-in-the-uk\/11071080\/IRA-terror-suspects-to-lose-immunity-from-prosecution.html\" >IRA terror suspects to lose immunity from prosecution \u2013 2 Sep 2014 \u2013 TheTelegraph.co.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/forum.prisonplanet.com\/index.php?topic=178608.35;wap2\" >New 7\/7 London Bombings Documentary \u2013 PrisonPlanet.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/sites.stedwards.edu\/craigc-culf331111fa2014\/group-europe\/the-gunpowder-plot\/\" >IRA Terrorism \u2013 Global Issues on Terrorism \u2013 Fall 2014 \u2013 Stedwards.edu<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/terrorism09.wikispaces.com\/Irish+Republican+Army\" >Irish Republican Army \u2013 History Assignment: Terrorism in the 20<sup>th<\/sup> Century, by Luke Styles and Tom Nicol \u2013 WikiSpaces.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.terrorismanalysts.com\/pt\/index.php\/pot\/article\/view\/96\/html\" >The Impact of Terrorism on Democracy in Northern Ireland, by Alex Schmidt \u2013 PERSPECTIVES ON TERRORISM \u2013 TerrorismAnalysists.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.trackingterrorism.org\/group\/irish-republican-army-ira\" >Irish Republican Army (IRA) \u2013 TERRORISM RESEARCH &amp; ANALYSIS CONSORTIUM \u2013 TrackingTerrorism.org<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_terrorist_incidents_in_Great_Britain\" >List of terrorism incidents in Great Britain \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.freerepublic.com\/focus\/f-news\/1982170\/posts\" >Irish Terrorism goes to Islamic (IRA and Muslim terrorists) \u2013 3\/7\/2008 \u2013 FreeRepublic.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>History of the IRA:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/irishistory.blogspot.co.uk\/2013\/08\/history-of-irish-republican-army-irish.html\" >History of the Irish Republican Army \u2013 Irish History<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ukessays.com\/essays\/history\/history-of-the-irish-republican-army-history-essay.php\" >History of the Irish Republican Army History Essay \u2013 UKEssays.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.timetoast.com\/timelines\/history-of-the-irish-republican-army\" >History of the Irish Republican Army \u2013 Video \u2013 TimeToast.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Sinn F\u00e9in:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sinnfein.ie\/\" >Sinn F\u00e9in \u2013 Official Site<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/rsfnational.wordpress.com\/\" >National Website of Republican Sinn F\u00e9in<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sinnfein.org\/documents.html\" >OFFICIAL DOCUMENTS AND PRESS RELEASES \u2013 SINN F\u00c9IN \u2013 SinnFein.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/wgbh\/pages\/frontline\/shows\/ira\/\" >THE IRA &amp; SINN FEIN \u2013 FRONTLINE \u2013 PBS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sinn_F%C3%A9in\" >Sinn F\u00e9in \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/sinn-fein.html\" >Sinn F\u00e9in \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Sinn_F%C3%A9in\" >History of Sinn F\u00e9in \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Leader_of_Sinn_F%C3%A9in\" >Leaders of Sinn F\u00e9in \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/politics\/sinn-fein\" >Sinn F\u00e9in \u2013 News Archive \u2013 TheGuardian.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/topics.nytimes.com\/top\/reference\/timestopics\/organizations\/s\/sinn_fein\/index.html\" >Sinn Feinn \u2013 News Archive \u2013 The New York Times \u2013 NYTimes.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/abcnews.go.com\/topics\/news\/world\/sinn-fein.htm?mediatype=Text\" >Sinn Fein News \u2013 ABC.go.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/articles.philly.com\/keyword\/sinn-fein\" >Articles on Sinn Fein \u2013 Philly.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>History of Sinn F\u00e9in:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Sinn_F%C3%A9in\" >History of Sinn F\u00e9in \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sinnfein.ie\/history\" >History \u2013 Sinn F\u00e9in \u2013 Official Site<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.corksf.20m.com\/about.html\" >A Brief History of Sinn Fein \u2013 Corks Sinn Fein<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Sinn F\u00e9in, IRA and the Catholic Church:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.counterpunch.org\/2015\/07\/10\/the-catholic-church-vs-the-ira-hunger-strikers-of-1923\/\" >The Catholic Church vs. the IRA Hunger Strikes of 1923, by Lily Murphy \u2013 July 10, 2015 \u2013 CounterPunch.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.academia.edu\/5755982\/The_Catholic_Church_and_Revolution_in_Ireland\" >The Catholic Church and the Revolution in Ireland \u2013 Academia.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/articles.latimes.com\/2005\/mar\/14\/world\/fg-irish14\" >In Catholic Church Belfast, IRA Becomes Public Enemy \u2013 March 14, 2005 \u2013 Los Angeles Times \u2013 LATimes.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.foxnews.com\/world\/2010\/09\/08\/sinn-fein-chief-says-met-catholic-priest-involved-bombing-didnt-discuss.html\" >Sinn Fein chief says he met Catholic priest involved in 1972 bombing, didn\u2019t discuss it \u2013 September 8, 2010 \u2013 FoxNews.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/archive.spectator.co.uk\/article\/2nd-march-1918\/11\/the-roman-catholic-church-in-ireland-and-sinn-fein\" >THE ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH IN IRELAND AND SINN FEIN \u2013 THE SPECTATOR ARCHIVE \u2013 Spectator.co.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk\/opinion\/letters\/questions-for-catholic-church-over-sinn-fein-29546185.html\" >Questions for Catholic Church over Sinn Fein \u2013 03\/09\/2013 \u2013 Belfast Telegraph \u2013 BelfastTelegraph.co.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=6cf9miux4cI\" >Gross hypocrisy from DUP\/Sinn Fein and Catholic Church over brutal murder. \u2013 YouTube video (12 min. 17 sec.)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1972\u00a0 <\/strong>Cumulative sales of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Volkswagen_Beetle\" >Volkswagen Beetle<\/a> exceed those of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ford_Model_T\" >Ford Model T<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1965\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ranger_program\" >Project Ranger<\/a>: The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ranger_8\" >Ranger 8<\/a> probe launches on its mission to photograph the <em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mare_Tranquillitatis\" >Mare Tranquillitatis<\/a><\/em> region of the Moon in preparation for the manned <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Apollo_program\" >Apollo<\/a> missions. <em>Mare Tranquillitatis<\/em> or the \u201cSea of Tranquility\u201d would become the site chosen for the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Apollo_11\" >Apollo 11<\/a> lunar landing.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1964\u00a0 <\/strong>Gabonese president <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/L%C3%A9on_M%27ba\" >L\u00e9on M\u2019ba<\/a> is toppled by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1964_Gabon_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat\" >a coup<\/a> and his rival, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jean-Hilaire_Aubame\" >Jean-Hilaire Aubame<\/a>, is installed in his place.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1959\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Project_Vanguard\" >Project Vanguard<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vanguard_2\" >Vanguard 2<\/a> \u2013 The first <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Weather_satellite\" >weather satellite<\/a> is launched to measure cloud-cover distribution.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1949\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chaim_Weizmann\" >Chaim Weizmann<\/a> begins his term as the first <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/President_of_Israel\" >President of Israel<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1944\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Operation_Hailstone\" >Operation Hailstone<\/a> begins. U.S. naval air, surface, and submarine attack against <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Truk_Lagoon\" >Truk Lagoon<\/a>, Japan\u2019s main base in the central Pacific, in support of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Eniwetok_Atoll\" >Eniwetok invasion<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1944\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_II\" >World War II<\/a>: The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Eniwetok_Atoll\" >Battle of Eniwetok Atoll<\/a> begins. The battle ends in an American victory on <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/February_22\" >February 22<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1933\u00a0 <\/strong><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Newsweek\" >Newsweek<\/a><\/em> magazine is first published.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1933\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Blaine_Act\" >Blaine Act<\/a> ends <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Prohibition_in_the_United_States\" >Prohibition in the United States<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1919\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ukrainian_People%27s_Republic#Winter_1918.E2.80.9319\" >Ukrainian People\u2019s Republic<\/a> asks <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Triple_Entente\" >Entente<\/a> and the US for help fighting the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bolsheviks\" >Bolsheviks<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>History of Ukraine:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ukrainian_People\" >Winter 1918-19 \u2013 Ukrainian People\u2019s Republic \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/wnu-ukraine.com\/about-ukraine\/history\/ukrainian-peoples-republic\/\" >\u201c<em>The Ukrainian People\u2019s Republic which existed from 1917 till 1921 was the first attempt in the 20<sup>th<\/sup> century to establish a sovereign nation state on the part of Ukrainian lands at the time incorporated into the Russian Empire. It appeared from the revolutionary chaos that broke up in Russian empire in 1917<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Ukrainian People\u2019s Republic \u2013 Worldwide News Ukraine \u2013 WNU-Ukraine.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Ukraine\" >History of Ukraine \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.syrucc.org\/history.html\" >A BREIF HISTORY OF THE UKRAINE \u2013 SYRUCC.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/ukraine.html\" >Ukraine \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ukraine.com\/history\/\" >Ukraine \u2013 History \u2013 The Past that Shaped the Present Day Ukraine \u2013 Ukraine.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1913\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Armory_Show\" >Armory Show<\/a> opens in New York City, displaying works of artists who are to become some of the most influential painters of the early 20th century.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1904\u00a0 <\/strong><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Madama_Butterfly\" >Madama Butterfly<\/a><\/em> receives its premi\u00e8re at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/La_Scala\" >La Scala<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Milan\" >Milan<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1871\u00a0 <\/strong>The victorious <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Prussia\" >Prussian<\/a> Army parades through Paris, France, after the end of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Siege_of_Paris_%281870%E2%80%9371%29\" >Siege of Paris<\/a> during the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Franco-Prussian_War\" >Franco-Prussian War<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1863\u00a0 <\/strong>A group of citizens of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Geneva\" >Geneva<\/a> founded an International Committee for Relief to the Wounded, which later became known as the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross\" >International Committee of the Red Cross<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1854\u00a0 <\/strong>The United Kingdom recognizes the independence of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Orange_Free_State\" >Orange Free State<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1838\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Weenen_massacre\" >Weenen massacre<\/a>: Hundreds of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Voortrekkers\" >Voortrekkers<\/a> along the Blaukraans River, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Natal,_South_Africa\" >Natal<\/a> are killed by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zulu_people\" >Zulus<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Weenen Massacre:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Weenen_massacre\" >Weenen massacre \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Weenen\" >Weenen &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/patriciahysell.wordpress.com\/tag\/weenen-massacre\/\" >Little Bits of History \u2013 patriciahysell.wordpress.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.historyanswers.co.uk\/history-of-war\/day-weenen-massacre\/\" >On This Day \u2013 The Weenen Massacre \u2013 historyanswers.co.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1814\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/War_of_the_Sixth_Coalition\" >War of the Sixth Coalition<\/a>: The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Mormans\" >Battle of Mormans<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1621\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Myles_Standish\" >Myles Standish<\/a> is appointed as first commander of the English <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Plymouth_Colony\" >Plymouth Colony<\/a> in North America.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1600\u00a0 <\/strong>The philosopher <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Giordano_Bruno\" >Giordano Bruno<\/a> is burned alive, for <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Heresy_in_Christianity\" >heresy<\/a>, at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Campo_de%27_Fiori\" >Campo de\u2019 Fiori<\/a> in Rome.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>FEBRUARY 18<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>2013\u00a0 <\/strong>Armed robbers <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Brussels_Airport_diamond_heist\" >steal<\/a> a haul of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Diamond\" >diamonds<\/a> worth $50 million during a raid at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Brussels_Airport\" >Brussels Airport<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Belgium\" >Belgium<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2007\u00a0 <\/strong>Terrorist bombs <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2007_Samjhauta_Express_bombings\" >explode<\/a> on the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Samjhauta_Express\" >Samjhauta Express<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Panipat\" >Panipat<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Haryana\" >Haryana<\/a>, India, killing 68 people.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2004\u00a0 <\/strong>Up to 295 people, including nearly 200 rescue workers, die near <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nishapur\" >Nishapur<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Iran\" >Iran<\/a> when a runaway freight train carrying <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sulfur\" >sulfur<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Petrol\" >petrol<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fertilizer\" >fertilizer<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nishapur_train_disaster\" >catches fire and explodes<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2003\u00a0 <\/strong>Nearly 200 people die in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Daegu_subway_fire\" >Daegu subway fire<\/a> in South Korea.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2001\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sampit_conflict\" >Inter-ethnic violence<\/a> between <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dayak_people\" >Dayaks<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Madura_Island\" >Madurese<\/a> breaks out in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sampit\" >Sampit<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indonesia\" >Indonesia<\/a>, that will ultimately result in more than 500 deaths and 100,000 Madurese displaced from their homes.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2001\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation\" >FBI<\/a> agent <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Robert_Hanssen\" >Robert Hanssen<\/a> is arrested for <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Spying\" >spying<\/a> for the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soviet_Union\" >Soviet Union<\/a>. He is ultimately convicted and sentenced to <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Life_imprisonment\" >life imprisonment<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1991\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Provisional_Irish_Republican_Army\" >IRA<\/a> explodes bombs in the early morning at <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Paddington_station\" >Paddington station<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Victoria_station_%28London%29\" >Victoria station<\/a> in London.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Terrorism at Paddington Station and Victoria Station on 19 February 1991:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.deseretnews.com\/article\/147693\/BLAST-AT-LONDONS-VICTORIA-STATION-KILLS-1-INJURES-37.html?pg=all\" >BLAST AT LONDON\u2019S VICTORIA STATION KILLES 1, INFURES 37 \u2013 Monday, Feb. 19, 1991 \u2013 DeseretNews.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/articles.latimes.com\/1991-02-19\/news\/mn-1528_1_victoria-station\" >Bombs Rip Rail Stations in London \u2013 February 19, 1991 \u2013 The Los Angeles Times \u2013 LATimes.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/uk\/1991\/feb\/19\/northernireland.duncancampbell\" >\u201c<em>The IRA appeared to have changed its tactics yet again yesterday, with bomb attacks on two London mainline stations that left one dead and 38 injured in a rush-hour explosion at Victoria. Several hours earlier, a bomb had exploded without causing injury at Paddington<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Man killed, 38 hurt, as IRA switches target to stations \u2013 February 19, 1991 \u2013 TheGuaridian.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/articles.baltimoresun.com\/1991-02-19\/news\/1991050076_1_london-irish-republican-army-bomb\" >London stations bombed IRA claims responsibility \u2013 February 19, 1991 \u2013 BaltimoreSun.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>IRA\u2019s Terrorism:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_terrorist_incidents_in_London#Irish_republican_attacks_during_.22the_Troubles.22\" >Irish republican attacks during the \u201cTroubles\u201d \u2013 List of terrorist incidents in London \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chronology_of_Provisional_Irish_Republican_Army_actions_%281990%E2%80%9399%29\" >Chronology of Provisional Irish Republican Army actions (1990-99) \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/forum.prisonplanet.com\/index.php?topic=178608.35;wap2\" >New 7\/7 London Bombings Documentary \u2013 PrisonPlanet.com<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Irish Republican Army (IRA)\/Provisional Irish Republican Army (PIRA):<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Irish_Republican_Army\" >Irish Republican Army \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.com\/news\/irish-republican-army\/\" >Irish Republican Army \u2013 News Archives \u2013 The Huffington Post<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/military\/world\/para\/ira.htm\" >Irish Republican Army (IRA) and the Provisional Irish Republican Army (PIRA) \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/terrorism.about.com\/od\/groupsleader1\/p\/IRA.htm\" >Guide to the Irish Republican Army \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Irish-Republican-Army\" >Irish Republican Army \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/irish-republican-army.html\" >Irish Republican Army \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/military\/world\/para\/ira.htm\" >Irish Republican Army (IRA) \u2013 Provisional Irish Republican Army (PIRA) \u2013 the Provos \u2013 Direct Action Against Drugs (DADD) \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/terrorism.about.com\/od\/groupsleader1\/p\/IRA.htm\" >Guide to the Irish Republican Army \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.emich.edu\/cerns\/downloads\/papers\/PoliceStaff\/Unsorted\/Irish%20Republican%20Army.pdf\" >Terrorism \u2013 Irish Republican Army, by Michele Koznicki, Corey Willett, Michal Griffin, Eric Manley, and Ronald Matten \u2013 Eastern Michigan University<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>History of the IRA:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/irishistory.blogspot.co.uk\/2013\/08\/history-of-irish-republican-army-irish.html\" >History of the Irish Republican Army \u2013 Irish History<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ukessays.com\/essays\/history\/history-of-the-irish-republican-army-history-essay.php\" >History of the Irish Republican Army History Essay \u2013 UKEssays.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.timetoast.com\/timelines\/history-of-the-irish-republican-army\" >History of the Irish Republican Army \u2013 Video \u2013 TimeToast.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Sinn F\u00e9in:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sinnfein.ie\/\" >Sinn F\u00e9in \u2013 Official Site<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/rsfnational.wordpress.com\/\" >National Website of Republican Sinn F\u00e9in<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sinnfein.org\/documents.html\" >OFFICIAL DOCUMENTS AND PRESS RELEASES \u2013 SINN F\u00c9IN \u2013 SinnFein.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/wgbh\/pages\/frontline\/shows\/ira\/\" >THE IRA &amp; SINN FEIN \u2013 FRONTLINE \u2013 PBS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sinn_F%C3%A9in\" >Sinn F\u00e9in \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/history\/sinn-fein.html\" >Sinn F\u00e9in \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Sinn_F%C3%A9in\" >History of Sinn F\u00e9in \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Leader_of_Sinn_F%C3%A9in\" >Leaders of Sinn F\u00e9in \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/politics\/sinn-fein\" >Sinn F\u00e9in \u2013 News Archive \u2013 TheGuardian.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/topics.nytimes.com\/top\/reference\/timestopics\/organizations\/s\/sinn_fein\/index.html\" >Sinn Feinn \u2013 News Archive \u2013 The New York Times \u2013 NYTimes.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/abcnews.go.com\/topics\/news\/world\/sinn-fein.htm?mediatype=Text\" >Sinn Fein News \u2013 ABC.go.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/articles.philly.com\/keyword\/sinn-fein\" >Articles on Sinn Fein \u2013 Philly.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>History of Sinn F\u00e9in:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Sinn_F%C3%A9in\" >History of Sinn F\u00e9in \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sinnfein.ie\/history\" >History \u2013 Sinn F\u00e9in \u2013 Official Site<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.corksf.20m.com\/about.html\" >A Brief History of Sinn Fein \u2013 Corks Sinn Fein<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Sinn F\u00e9in, IRA and the Catholic Church:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.counterpunch.org\/2015\/07\/10\/the-catholic-church-vs-the-ira-hunger-strikers-of-1923\/\" >The Catholic Church vs. the IRA Hunger Strikes of 1923, by Lily Murphy \u2013 July 10, 2015 \u2013 CounterPunch.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.academia.edu\/5755982\/The_Catholic_Church_and_Revolution_in_Ireland\" >The Catholic Church and the Revolution in Ireland \u2013 Academia.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/articles.latimes.com\/2005\/mar\/14\/world\/fg-irish14\" >In Catholic Church Belfast, IRA Becomes Public Enemy \u2013 March 14, 2005 \u2013 Los Angeles Times \u2013 LATimes.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.foxnews.com\/world\/2010\/09\/08\/sinn-fein-chief-says-met-catholic-priest-involved-bombing-didnt-discuss.html\" >Sinn Fein chief says he met Catholic priest involved in 1972 bombing, didn\u2019t discuss it \u2013 September 8, 2010 \u2013 FoxNews.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/archive.spectator.co.uk\/article\/2nd-march-1918\/11\/the-roman-catholic-church-in-ireland-and-sinn-fein\" >THE ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH IN IRELAND AND SINN FEIN \u2013 THE SPECTATOR ARCHIVE \u2013 Spectator.co.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk\/opinion\/letters\/questions-for-catholic-church-over-sinn-fein-29546185.html\" >Questions for Catholic Church over Sinn Fein \u2013 03\/09\/2013 \u2013 Belfast Telegraph \u2013 BelfastTelegraph.co.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=6cf9miux4cI\" >Gross hypocrisy from DUP\/Sinn Fein and Catholic Church over brutal murder. \u2013 YouTube video (12 min. 17 sec.)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1983\u00a0 <\/strong>Thirteen people die and one is seriously injured in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wah_Mee_massacre\" >Wah Mee massacre<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Seattle\" >Seattle<\/a>. It is said to be the largest robbery-motivated mass-murder in U.S. history.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1979\u00a0 <\/strong>Snow falls in the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sahara_Desert\" >Sahara Desert<\/a> in southern <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Algeria\" >Algeria<\/a> for the only time in recorded history.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1978\u00a0 <\/strong>The first <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ironman_Triathlon\" >Ironman Triathlon<\/a> competition takes place on the island of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Oahu\" >Oahu<\/a> and is won by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gordon_Haller\" >Gordon Haller<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1977\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Space_Shuttle_Enterprise\" >Space Shuttle <em>Enterprise<\/em><\/a> test vehicle is carried on its maiden \u201cflight\u201d on top of a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Boeing_747\" >Boeing 747<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1972\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/California_Supreme_Court\" >California Supreme Court<\/a> in the case of <em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/People_v._Anderson\" >People v. Anderson<\/a><\/em>, (6 Cal.3d 628) invalidates the state\u2019s <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Capital_punishment\" >death penalty<\/a> and commutes the sentences of all <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Death_row\" >death row<\/a> inmates to life imprisonment.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1970\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chicago_Seven\" >Chicago Seven<\/a> are found not guilty of conspiring to incite riots at the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1968_Democratic_National_Convention\" >1968 Democratic National Convention<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1965\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Gambia\" >The Gambia<\/a> becomes independent from the United Kingdom.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>The Gambia:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ciaworldfactbook.us\/africa\/gambia.html\" >The Gambia \u2013 The World Factbook \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.gambia.gm\/\" >Republic of the Gambia \u2013 Official Site<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/The-Gambia\" >The Gambia \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/gambia.html\" >Gambia \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-13376517\" >The Gambia country profile \u2013 Overview \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Foreign Relations of the Gambia:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_the_Gambia\" >Foreign relations of the Gambia \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201311061106.html\" >Gambia: Foreign Relations \u2013 AllAfrica.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/self.gutenberg.org\/articles\/Foreign_relations_of_Gambia\" >FOREIGN RELATIONS OF GAMBIA \u2013 Self.Gutenberg.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/r\/pa\/ei\/bgn\/5459.htm\" >US Relations With The Gambia \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Gambia-British Relations Today:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/world\/gambia\" >UK and Gambia \u2013 gov.uk<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.gambiaembassy.org.uk\/\" >Embassy of the Republic of The Gambia \u2013 GambiaEmbassy.org.uk<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/jollofnews.com\/index.php\/national-news\/politics\/922-uk-diplomat-promises-to-strengthen-relations-with-the-gambia\" >UK Diplomat Promises To Strengthen Relations With The Gambia \u2013 Wednesday, 21 October 2015 \u2013 Jollofnews.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Gambia-British Relations in History:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.accessgambia.com\/information\/colonial-history.html\" >Colonial History of Gambia \u2013 AccessGambia.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britishempire.co.uk\/maproom\/gambia.htm\" >The British Empire \u2013 Gambia \u2013 BritishEmpire.co.uk<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gambia_Colony_and_Protectorate\" >Gambia Colony of Protectorate \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.whatpassport.com\/countries\/Gambia-Colony-%28Banjul-and-Kombo-St-Mary%29\" >Gambia Colony (Banjul and Kombo St Mary) \u2013 Discover Your UK Nationality Options \u2013 British Nationality Solutions \u2013 WhatPassport.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/courses.wcupa.edu\/jones\/his312\/lectures\/brit-occ.htm#gambia.htm\" >The British in West Africa \u2013 Gambia \u2013 WCUPA.edu<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/britishcolonialafrica.com\/\" >British Colonial History in West Africa<\/a>, <\/em><strong>and<\/strong><em> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/britishcolonialafrica.com\/PDFS\/5_THE_TAMBI_TONITABA_EXPED_APR_02.pdf\" >A monograph on Gambia on the same website \u2013 pdf<\/a>.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>History of the Gambia:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_the_Gambia\" >History of the Gambia \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.accessgambia.com\/information\/history.html\" >History of The Gambia \u2013 AccessGambia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/the-gambia\/history\" >The Gambia \u2013 History \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gambia.co.uk\/history\" >The Gambia \u2013 History \u2013 Gambia.co.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyworld.net\/wrldhis\/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=ad47\" >HISTORY OF THE GMBIA \u2013 HistoryWorld.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/resourcepage.gambia.dk\/history.htm\" >History of The Gambia \u2013 ResourcePage.Gambia.DK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.localhistories.org\/gambia.html\" >A SHORT HISTORY OF THE GAMBIA \u2013 LocalHistories.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/gambia-the-country-africa-history.html\" >The Gambia \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nationsencyclopedia.com\/Africa\/The-Gambia-HISTORY.html\" >The Gambia \u2013 History \u2013 NationsEncyclopeida.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/africanhistory.about.com\/od\/guinea\/l\/bl-The-Gambia-Timeline.htm\" >The Gambia Timeline \u2013 Prehistory to Present Day \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-13380407\" >The Gambia profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Economy of the Gambia:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_the_Gambia\" >Economy of the Gambia \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/gambia\" >The Gambia \u2013 The Heritage Foundation<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.accessgambia.com\/information\/economic-profile.html\" >Economy of Gambia \u2013 AccessGambia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/countryeconomy.com\/countries\/gambia\" >The Gambia \u2013 CountryEconomy.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.afdb.org\/en\/countries\/west-africa\/gambia\/gambia-economic-outlook\/\" >Gambia Economic Outlook \u2013 AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT BANK GROUP<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/country\/gambia\" >The Gambia \u2013 THE WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/gambia\" >The Gambia \u2013 Data \u2013 THE WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1957\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Walter_James_Bolton\" >Walter James Bolton<\/a> becomes the last person <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Capital_punishment_in_New_Zealand\" >legally executed<\/a> in New Zealand.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Capital Punishment in New Zealand:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nzhistory.net.nz\/culture\/the-death-penalty\/the-last-execution\" >The death penalty: Page 4 \u2013 The last execution \u2013 The last execution in New Zealand: Walter Bolton, 18 February 1857 \u2013 NZHistoy.net.nz<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.thelancet.com\/journals\/lancet\/article\/PIIS0140-6736%2855%2992277-7\/abstract\" >Capital Punishment in New Zealand \u2013 Volume 266, No. 6892 \u2013 p.791 \u2013 1 October 1955 \u2013 THE LANCET.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.churchofchrist.org.nz\/assets\/Dave\/Capital_Punishment.pdf\" >CAPITAL PUNISHMENT \u2013 New Zealand \u2013 ChurchOfChrist.org \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/oldnewzealand.info\/crime\/capitalpunishment.html\" >Old New Zealand \u2013 Capital Punishment \u2013 OldNewZealand.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Capital_punishment_in_the_Cook_Islands\" >Capital punishment in Cook Islands \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.whatsyourprison.com\/the-nation-tv3-capital-punishment-in-new-zealand\/\" >The Nation, TV3: Capital Punishment in New Zealand \u2013 WhatsYourPrison.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bestessaywriters.com\/uncategorized\/the-abolition-of-capital-punishment-in-new-zealand\/\" >Abolition of Capital Punishment in New Zealand \u2013 BestEssayWriters.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/233148012_Capital_punishment_in_New_Zealand_An_experiment_that_failed\" >\u201c<em>In 1935 New Zealand became one of the first nations in the world to abandon the death penalty for murder. Fifteen years later the measure was recalled, before being withdrawn again in 1957. This paper looks at the factors underlying the abolition of hanging and its resurrection in 1950<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Capital Punishment in New Zealand: An experiment that failed \u2013 Greg Newbold \u2013 ResearchGate.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Some Arguments and Information on the Capital Punishment:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Capital_punishment\" >Capital punishment \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.religioustolerance.org\/execute.htm\" >Capital punishment: All viewpoints in the death penalty \u2013 ReligiousTolerance.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/ethics\/capitalpunishment\/\" >Ethics guide: Capital punishment \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.amnestyusa.org\/our-work\/issues\/death-penalty\/us-death-penalty-facts\" >Know the Facts About Capital Punishment \u2013 Amnesty International USA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/time.com\/deathpenalty\/\" >THE DEATH OF THE DEATH PENALTY, by David von Drehle \u2013 Time.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.clarkprosecutor.org\/html\/death\/timeline.htm\" >Capital Punishment Timeline \u2013 ClarkProsecutor.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/english.irib.ir\/subcontinent\/top-stories\/item\/213329-pakistan-resumes-executions-after-ramadan-break-official\" >Pakistan resumes capital punishment after Ramadan break: Official \u2013 IRIB World Service<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Second_Optional_Protocol_to_the_International_Covenant_on_Civil_and_Political_Rights\" >Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Text of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/ProfessionalInterest\/Pages\/2ndOPCCPR.aspx\" >Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights \u2013 OHCHR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1957\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kenya\" >Kenyan<\/a> rebel leader <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dedan_Kimathi\" >Dedan Kimathi<\/a> is executed by the British colonial government.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Dedan Kimathi:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/rastaites.com\/news\/hearticals\/kenya\/kimathibio.htm\" >Dedan Kimathi \u2013 RastaItes.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/dedan-kimathi.memory-of.com\/About.aspx\" >Memory of Dedan Kimathi \u2013 Dedan-Kimathi.Memory-of.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nathanielturner.com\/lynchedmaumauleaderdedankimathi.htm\" >Lynched Mau Mau Leader Dedan Kimathi \u2013 Honored with Statue\u00a0 in Nairobi \u2014 His Remains Have Yet To Be Found, by Stephen Millies \u2013 NathanielTurner.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/id.loc.gov\/authorities\/names\/n88643355.html\" >Dedan, Kimathi, 1920-1957 \u2013 LOC.gov<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/kenya740.tripod.com\/Dedan.html\" >DEDAN KIMATHI \u2013 Tripod.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dedan_Kimathi#Mau_Mau_movement\" >\u201cA court presided over by Chief Justice O\u2019Connor and with an all-black jury of Kenyans sentenced him to death while he lay in a hospital bed at the General Hospital Nyeri. In the early morning of 18 February 1957 he was executed by hanging at the Kamiti Maximum Security Prison. He was buried in an unmarked grave, and his burial site remains unknown.\u201d \u2013 Mau Mau movement \u2013 Dedan Kimathi \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.executedtoday.com\/2009\/02\/18\/1957-dedan-kimathi-mau-mau-commander\/\" >Dedan Kimathi \u2013 Mau Mau commander \u2013 February 18, 1957 \u2013 ExecutedToday.com<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>History of Kenya:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Kenya\" >History of Kenya \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.kenya-advisor.com\/kenya-history.html\" >Kenya History \u2013 Kenya-Advisor.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyworld.net\/wrldhis\/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=ad21\" >HISTORY OF KENYA \u2013 HistoryWorld.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/africanhistory.about.com\/od\/kenya\/p\/KenyaHist.htm\" >A Brief History of Kenya \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/kenya-history.html\" >Kenya \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/kenyaembassy.com\/aboutkenyahistory.html\" >Kenya \u2013 History \u2013 Embassy of the Republic of Kenya in Washington D.C.<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/crawfurd.dk\/africa\/kenya_timeline.htm\" >KENYA TIMELINE \u2013 Crawfurd.dk<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lonelyplanet.com\/kenya\/history\" >Kenya \u2013 History \u2013 LonelyPlanet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.kenyaconstitution.org\/history\/early-kenya-history\/\" >Early Kenya History \u2013 KenyaConstitution.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-13682176\" >Kenya profile \u2013 Timeline \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Kenya:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the-world-factbook\/geos\/ke.html\" >KENYA \u2013 THE WORLD FACTBOOK \u2013 CIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.un.org\/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=Kenya\" >Kenya \u2013 UN Data<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/country\/kenya.html\" >Kenya \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Kenya\" >Kenya \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-13681341\" >Kenya country profile \u2013 Overview \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Foreign Relations of Kenya:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_relations_of_Kenya\" >Foreign relations of Kenya \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/mfa.go.ke\/\" >MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS &amp; INTERNATIONAL TRADE \u2013 KENYA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cfr.org\/region\/kenya\/ri191\" >Kenya \u2013 Council on Foreign Relations \u2013 CFR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/r\/pa\/ei\/bgn\/2962.htm\" >US Relations With Kenya \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kenya%E2%80%93United_Kingdom_relations\" >Kenya-United Kingdom relations \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/theforeignpolicyanalyst.wordpress.com\/tag\/british-kenya-relations\/\" >British-Kenya Relations \u2013 WordPress.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/kenyahighcom.org.uk\/kenya-united-kingdom-relations-2\/\" >KENYA \u2013 UNITED KINGDOM RELATIONS \u2013 KenyaHighCom.org.uk<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Economy of Kenya:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_Kenya\" >Economy of Kenya \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/country\/kenya\" >Kenya \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/kenya\" >Kenya \u2013 Data \u2013 WORLD BANK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/index\/country\/kenya\" >Kenya \u2013 Index \u2013 THE HERITAGE FOUNDATION<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.afdb.org\/en\/countries\/east-africa\/kenya\/\" >Kenya \u2013 AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT BANK GROUP<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1955\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Operation_Teapot\" >Operation Teapot<\/a>: Teapot test shot \u201cWasp\u201d is successfully detonated at the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nevada_Test_Site\" >Nevada Test Site<\/a> with a yield of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Effects_of_nuclear_explosions#Summary_of_the_effects\" >1.2 kilotons<\/a>. Wasp is the first of fourteen shots in the Teapot series.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Operation Teapot:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Usa\/Tests\/Teapot.html\" >Operation Teapot \u2013 1955 \u2013 Nevada Proving Ground \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.atomicarchive.com\/Photos\/LANL\/Teapot.shtml\" >Operation Teapot: 1955 \u2013 Nevada Test Site \u2013 AtomicArcchive.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.atomcentral.com\/operation-teapot.aspx\" >Teapot Test series of 1955 \u2013 February \u2013 May 1955 \u2013 AtomicCentral.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Operation_Teapot#Wasp\" >Wasp \u2013 Operation Teapot \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=1BUJ4qralls\" >Atomic Test Film: \u201cOperation Teapot\u201d pt2-3 1955 USAF \u2013 YouTube video (11 min. 51 sec.)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Nuclear Tests at the Nevada Site:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_United_States\" >List of the nuclear weapons tests of the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nuclear_weapons_and_the_United_States\" >Nuclear Weapons and the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.atomcentral.com\/the-cold-war.aspx\" >The Cold War \u2013 AtomCentral.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/fas.org\/nuke\/guide\/usa\/facility\/nts.htm\" >NEVADA TEST SITE \u2013 FAS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/wmd\/facility\/nts.htm\" >NEVADA TEST SITE \u2013 GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.onlinenevada.org\/articles\/nevada-test-site-overview\" >Nevada Test Site Overview \u2013 OnlineNevada.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/about\/projects\/archive\/nucweapons\/nts\" >Nuclear testing at the Nevada Test Site \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/toxipedia.org\/display\/wanmec\/Nevada+Test+Site\" >Nevada Test Site \u2013 Toxipedia.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/digital.library.unlv.edu\/ntsohp\/\" >Nevada Test Site \u2013 Oral History Project<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/archure.net\/liberty\/nukenevada.html\" >NUKE TESTING in NEVADA \u2013 Archure.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nv.doe.gov\/library\/publications\/Environmental\/DOENV_11718_594.pdf\" >ECOLOGY OF THE NEVADA TEST SITE: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nevadatestsite.info\/\" >Nevada Test Site Workers Exposed to Radiation \u2013 National Cancer Benefits Center \u2013 NevadaTestSite.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/about\/projects\/archive\/nucweapons\/50\" >50 Facts About the US Nuclear Weapons \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Usa\/Tests\/\" >Gallery of US Nuclear Tests \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.acq.osd.mil\/ncbdp\/nm\/nm_book_5_11\/index.htm\" >The Nuclear Matters Handbook<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Nuclear Weapons and the United States:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nuclear_weapons_and_the_United_States\" >Nuclear Weapons and the United States \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/us\/2014\/231697.htm\" >Nuclear Weapons Testing: History, Progress, Challenges: Verifications and Entry into Force of the CTBT \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/avc\/rls\/202015.htm\" >US Nuclear Weapons Stockpile Life Extension Programs \u2013 January 3, 2013 \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/research\/articles\/2014\/04\/28-50-nuclear-facts\" >50 Facts About US Nuclear Weapons Today \u2013 April 28, 2014 \u2013 Brookings.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/research\/lecture\/2012\/08\/the-future-of-the-us-nuclear-triad\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Program, by Michaela Dodge \u2013 The Heritage Foundation<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.armscontrol.org\/act\/1997_05\/nas\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Policy \u2013 Arms Control Association<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252183576_The_Future_of_the_U.S._Nuclear_Weapons_Program\" >The Future of the US Nuclear Weapons Program, by Linton F. Brooks \u2013 ResearchGate.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.state.gov\/t\/us\/2014\/233254.htm\" >US Nuclear Weapons Policy in the 21<sup>st<\/sup> Century \u2013 Rose Gottemoeller, Under Secretary\u00a0for Arms Control and International Security, \u00a0Dixie State University, St. George, Utah \u2013 October 21, 2014 \u2013 US Department of State<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1954\u00a0 <\/strong>The first <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Church_of_Scientology\" >Church of Scientology<\/a> is established in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Los_Angeles\" >Los Angeles<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1947\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/First_Indochina_War\" >First Indochina War<\/a>: The French <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Hanoi\" >gain complete control<\/a> of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hanoi\" >Hanoi<\/a> after forcing the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Viet_Minh\" >Viet Minh<\/a> to withdraw to mountains.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>First Indochina War:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/dingeengoete.blogspot.com\/2013\/12\/this-day-in-history-dec-19-1946-start.html\" >This Day in History: Dec 19, 1946: Start of the First Indochina War \u2013 Dinge en Goete<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.coldwar.org\/articles\/40s\/FirstIndochinaWar.asp\" >FIRST INDOCHINA WAR \u2013 ColdWar.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/First-Indochina-War\" >First Indochina War \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyguy.com\/indochina_war_first.htm\" >First Indochina War \u2013 The History Guy \u2013 HistoryGuy.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/alphahistory.com\/vietnam\/first-indochina-war\/\" >The First Indochina War \u2013 AlphaHistory.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1946\u00a0 <\/strong>Sailors of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Indian_Navy_mutiny\" >Royal Indian Navy mutiny<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mumbai\" >Bombay<\/a> harbour, from where the action spreads throughout the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Presidencies_and_provinces_of_British_India\" >Provinces of British India<\/a>, involving 78 ships, twenty shore establishments and 20,000 sailors<\/p>\n<p><strong>1943\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Joseph_Goebbels\" >Joseph Goebbels<\/a> delivers his <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sportpalast_speech\" ><em>Sportpalast<\/em> speech<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Joseph Goebbels:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/world-war-ii\/joseph-goebbels\" >JOSEPH GOEBBELS \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.biography.com\/people\/joseph-goebbels-9313998\" >Joseph Goebbels \u2013 Bioraphy.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/wgbh\/amex\/holocaust\/peopleevents\/pandeAMEX98.html\" >People &amp; Events: Joseph Goebbels (1897-1945) \u2013 AMERICAN EXPERIENCE \u2013 PBS.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/Holocaust\/goebbels.html\" >Joseph Goebbels \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Sportpalast Speech:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/worldhistoryproject.org\/1943\/2\/18\/joseph-goebbels-delivers-his-sportpalast-total-war-speech\" >Feb 18 1943: Joseph Goebbels Delivers His Sportpalast (Total War) Speech \u2013 WorldHistoryProject.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Text of the Sportpalast Speech: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/research.calvin.edu\/german-propaganda-archive\/goeb36.htm\" ><em>Nation Rise Up, and Let Storm Break Loose,<\/em> (English translation) by Joseph Goebbels \u2013 Research.Calvin.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1943\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nazism\" >Nazis<\/a> arrest the members of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/White_Rose\" >White Rose<\/a> movement.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>White Rose:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/White_Rose\" >\u201c<em>The <\/em><strong><em>White Rose<\/em><\/strong><em> (German: die Wei\u00dfe Rose) was a non-violent, intellectual resistance group in Nazi Germany, consisting of students from the University of Munich and their philosophy professor. The group became known for an anonymous leaflet and graffiti campaign, lasting from June 1942 until February 1943, that called for active opposition to dictator Adolf Hitler\u2019s regime<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 White Rose \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.whiterosesociety.org\/WRS_pamphlets_home.html\" >In 1942, members of the student resistance organization \u2013 THE WHITE ROSE SOCIETY released these anti-Nazi leaflets. \u2013 The White Rose Society \u2013 TheWhiteRoseSociety.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.holocaustresearchproject.org\/revolt\/whiterose.html\" >The White Rose \u2013 Holocaust Education &amp; Archive Research Team \u2013 HolocaustResearchProject.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyisaweapon.com\/defcon1\/whiterose.html\" >The Six Pamphlets of the White Rose Society \u2013 HISTORY IS A WEAPON \u2013 HistoryIsAWeapon.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ushmm.org\/wlc\/en\/article.php?ModuleId=10007188\" >WHITE ROSE \u2013 Holocaust Encyclopedia \u2013 United States Holocaust Memorial Museum \u2013 USHMM.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nvdatabase.swarthmore.edu\/content\/white-rose-resistance-hitlers-regime-1942-1943\" >White Rose Resistance to Hitler\u2019s Regime, 1942-1943 \u2013 Global Nonviolent Action Database \u2013 Smarthmore.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/Holocaust\/rose.html\" >Holocaust Resistance \u2013 The White Rose \u2013 A Lesson in Dissent, by Jacob G. Hornberger \u2013 Jewish Virtual Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/zinnedproject.org\/2014\/02\/white-rose-members-executed\/\" >Feb 22, 1943: White Rose Members Executed \u2013 TEACHING A PEOPLE\u2019S HISTORY \u2013 ZINN EDUCATION PROJECT \u2013 ZinnEduProject.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=rkoJgPkFoDs\" >YouTube (9 min. 31 sec.) \u2013 White Rose<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=ab0I_iTZtHQ\" >YouTube (00 min. 31 sec.) \u2013 White Rose Society<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1942\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_II\" >World War II<\/a>: The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Imperial_Japanese_Army\" >Imperial Japanese Army<\/a> begins the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sook_Ching_massacre\" >systematic extermination<\/a> of perceived hostile elements among the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_in_Singapore\" >Chinese in Singapore<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1938\u00a0 <\/strong>During the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nanking_Massacre\" >Nanking Massacre<\/a> the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/International_Committee_for_the_Nanking_Safety_Zone\" >Nanking Safety Zone International Committee<\/a> is renamed \u201c<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nanking_Massacre#Nanking_Safety_Zone_and_the_role_of_foreigners\" >Nanking International Rescue Committee<\/a>\u201d and the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nanking_Safety_Zone\" >safety zone<\/a> in place for refugees falls apart.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Battle of Nanking (Nanjing):<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/ww2db.com\/battle_spec.php?battle_id=38\" >Battle of Nanjing and the Rape of Nanjing \u2013 9 Dec 1937 \u2013 31 Jan 1938, by C Peter Chen \u2013 World War II Database \u2013 WW2DB.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/the-rape-of-nanking\" >DEC 13, 1937: THIS DAY IN HISTORY: Rape of Nanking \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Nanking (Nanjing) Massacre:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/nanjing-massacre\" >NANJING MASSACRE \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nanking_Massacre#Massacre\" >Massacre \u2013 Nanking Massacre \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thenankingmassacre.org\/\" >THE NANJING MASSACRE \u2013 DECEMBER 1937 \u2013 TheNanjingMasscre.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/freycarol49\/war-nanking-massacre-1937-1938\/\" >War-Nanjing Massacre 1937-1938 \u2013 Piterest.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nankingrape.blogspot.com\/\" >Nanking Massacre (1937) \u2013 NankingRape.Blogspot.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Nanjing-Massacre\" >Nanjing Massacre \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyplace.com\/worldhistory\/genocide\/nanking.htm\" >The Rape of Nanking 1937-1938: 300,000 Deaths \u2013 Genocide in the 20<sup>th<\/sup> Century \u2013The History Place \u2013 HistoryPlace.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nanking-massacre.com\/Home.html\" >1937 Nanking Massacre \u2013 Nakging-Massacre.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.eyewitnesstohistory.com\/nanking.htm\" >The Rape of Nanking, 1937 \u2013 EyeWitnessToHistory.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/asianhistory.about.com\/od\/warsinasia\/fl\/The-Nanking-Massacre-1937.htm\" >The Nanking Massacre, 1937 \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/us.when.com\/vertical?q=1937%20nanking%20massacre&amp;type=content&amp;s_pt=source2&amp;s_it=content&amp;s_chn=15\" >Pertinent web links on the Nanking Massacre \u2013 When.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Double Tenth Incident of October 1943 \u2013 One of the Main Atrocities:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/eresources.nlb.gov.sg\/infopedia\/articles\/SIP_111_2005-01-06.html\" >Double Tenth incident \u2013 Singapore Infopedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.animalsillustrated.com\/q\/Double_Tenth_Incident\" >Double Tenth Incident \u2013 AnimalIllustrated.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/eresources.nlb.gov.sg\/history\/events\/3224d8f8-5c80-47a9-b144-a63dafe692b8\" >\u201c<em>The Double Tenth incident, which took place on 10 October 1943, refers to the arrest and torture of civilian residents in Singapore and civilian internees by Japanese military police which lasted until 2 April 1944<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 DOUBLE TENTH INCIDENT TAKES PLACE: 10<sup>th<\/sup> Oct 1943 \u2013 History SG \u2013 NLB.gov.sg<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/self.gutenberg.org\/articles\/Double_Tenth_Incident\" >DOUBLE TENTH INCIDENT \u2013 Self.Gutenberg.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/wdlhysec2d23.blogspot.hr\/2013\/02\/double-tenth-incident-10-oct-1943.html\" >Double Tenth Incident (10 Oct 1943) \u2013 My life under the Second World War in Singapore<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/ijkm.nl\/Double_Tenth_Incident\" >\u201c<em>This article is about the incident in Singapore. For the revolt against the Japanese occupation of British Borneo, see Jesselton Revolt. The \u201c<\/em><strong><em>Double Tenth incident<\/em><\/strong><em>\u201d or \u201c<\/em><strong><em>Double Tenth massacre<\/em><\/strong><em>\u201d occurred on 10 October 1943, during the Second World War Japanese occupation of Singapore<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Double Tenth Incident \u2013 IJKM.nl<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mindef.gov.sg\/imindef\/about_us\/history\/overview\/world_war2\/v03n10_history.html\" >\u201c<em>On 10 October 1943, the Japanese kempeitai, or secret police, arrested more than 130 locals in Singapore. This was carried out after seven Japanese ships were sunk in Keppel Harbour. The Japanese soldiers suspected that the sabotage was an inside job<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 1943 Double Tenth Massacre \u2013 MINDEF.gov.sg<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Nanjing Massacre Denial:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nanking_Massacre_denial\" >Nanjing Massacre denial \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www2.biglobe.ne.jp\/remnant\/nankingm.htm\" >The So-Called Nanking Massacre was a Fabrication \u2013 Remnant<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.zzwave.com\/cmfweb\/wiihist\/njmassac\/nmjapv.htm\" >THE NANKING MASSACRE \u2013 THE JAPANESE VERSIONS \u2013 ZZWave.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/blogs.wsj.com\/japanrealtime\/2014\/05\/23\/veteran-japan-scribe-defends-denial-of-nanjing-massacre\/\" >Veteran Japan Scribe Defends Denial of Nanjing Massacre \u2013 May 23, 2014 \u2013 The Wall Street Journal \u2013 Japan Real Time<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.ucsb.edu\/faculty\/marcuse\/classes\/133p\/133p04papers\/JChapelNanjing046.htm\" >Denying Genocide: The Evolution of the Denial of the Holocaust and the Nanking Massacre, by Joseph Chapel \u2013 May 2004 \u2013 UCSB.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/articles.latimes.com\/2013\/jan\/18\/opinion\/la-oe-guttentag-japan-nanking-20130118\" >Revisionism Tokyo-style \u2013 January 18, 2013 \u2013 Los Angeles Times<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/japanfocus.org\/events\/view\/209\" >David vs. Goliath: Resisting the Denial of the Nanking Massacre, by Joseph Essertier and Ono Masami \u2013 Feb. 21, 2014 \u2013 JapanFocus.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1932\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Empire_of_Japan\" >Empire of Japan<\/a> (EOJ) declares <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Manzhouguo\" >Manzhouguo<\/a> (the obsolete Chinese name for <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Manchuria\" >Manchuria<\/a>) independent from the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Republic_of_China_%281912%E2%80%9349%29\" >Republic of China<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Manchuria:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/asianhistory.about.com\/od\/glossaryko\/g\/GlosManchuria.htm\" >Where is Manchuria? \u2013 About education \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Manchuria\" >Manchuria \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pwencycl.kgbudge.com\/M\/a\/Manchuria.htm\" >Manchuria \u2013 The Pacific War Online Encyclopedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of Manchuria (1):<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Manchuria\" >History of Manchuria \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infoplease.com\/encyclopedia\/world\/manchuria-history.html\" >Manchuria \u2013 History \u2013 Infoplease.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.onthisday.com\/asia\/manchuria.php\" >China\u2019s Loss of Sovereignty in Manchuria 1895 \u2013 1914, by James Graham \u2013 published May 2004 \u2013 OnThisDay.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>History of Manchuria (2): Japanese Invasion of Manchuria:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thenagain.info\/WebChron\/China\/JapanManchuria.html\" >Japan Invades Manchuria \u2013 WebChron \u2013 ThenAgain.info<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mtholyoke.edu\/acad\/intrel\/WorldWar2\/manchuria.htm\" >JAPANESE CONQUEST OF MANCHURIA 1931-1932 \u2013 MTHOLYOKE.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/inter-wars.weebly.com\/japan-invades-manchuria-1931.html\" >Japan Invades Manchuria \u2013 Inter-War Period: Causes of WWII \u2013 Inter-Wars.Weebly.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/republicanchina.org\/COMMUNISTS-AND-JAPAN-INVASION-MANCHURIA.pdf\" >COMMUNISTS &amp; JAPANESE INVASION OF MANCHURIA, by Ah Xiang \u2013 RepublicanChina.org \u2013 pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.onthisday.com\/asia\/japan_economic_expansion.php\" >Japan\u2019s Economic Expansion into Manchuria and China in World War Two, by James Graham \u2013 published May 2004 \u2013 OnThisDay.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johndclare.net\/league_of_nations6.htm\" >The League in Manchuria \u2013 JohndClare.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.u-s-history.com\/pages\/h1499.html\" >The Manchurian Crisis \u2013 U-S-History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/pdf\/41759354.pdf?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents\" >THE SEXUAL BODY IN EXILE: THE SOMATIC POLITICS OF THE (WHITE) RUSSIANAND RUSSIN JEWS IN MANCHURIA AND JAPAN, by Takayuki Yokota-Murakami \u2013 <em>New Zealand Slavonic Journal<\/em>, Vol. 44 (2010), pp. 13-25 \u2013 JSTOR.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1930\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Elm_Farm_Ollie\" >Elm Farm Ollie<\/a> becomes the first <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cattle\" >cow<\/a> to fly in a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fixed-wing_aircraft\" >fixed-wing aircraft<\/a> and also the first cow to be milked in an aircraft.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1930\u00a0 <\/strong>While studying photographs taken in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/January\" >January<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Clyde_Tombaugh\" >Clyde Tombaugh<\/a> discovers <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pluto\" >Pluto<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1913\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pedro_Lascur%C3%A1in\" >Pedro Lascur\u00e1in<\/a> becomes <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/President_of_Mexico\" >President of Mexico<\/a> for 45 minutes; this is the shortest term to date of any person as president of any country.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1911\u00a0 <\/strong>The first official flight with <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Air_mail\" >air mail<\/a> takes place from <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Allahabad\" >Allahabad<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Provinces_of_Agra_and_Oudh\" >United Provinces<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/British_India\" >British India<\/a> (now India), when <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Henri_Pequet\" >Henri Pequet<\/a>, a 23-year-old pilot, delivers 6,500 letters to <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Naini\" >Naini<\/a>, about 10 kilometres (6.2\u00a0mi) away.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1900\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Second_Boer_War\" >Second Boer War<\/a>: Imperial forces suffer their worst single-day loss of life on <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bloody_Sunday_%281900%29\" >Bloody Sunday<\/a>, the first day of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Paardeberg\" >Battle of Paardeberg<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Battle of Paardeberg:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/militaryhistory.about.com\/od\/battleswars1900s\/p\/paardeberg.htm\" >Second Boer War; Battle of Paardeberg \u2013 About education \u2013 About.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca\/en\/article\/battle-of-paardeberg\/\" >Battle of Paardeberg \u2013 TheCanadianEncyclopedia.ca<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyofwar.org\/articles\/battles_paardeberg.html\" >Battle of Paardeberg, 18-27 February 1900 \u2013 HistoryOfWar.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britishbattles.com\/great-boer-war\/paardenburg.htm\" >The Battle of Paardeberg \u2013 BritishBattles.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.warmuseum.ca\/cwm\/exhibitions\/boer\/battlepaardeberg_e.shtml\" >Canada &amp; The South African War, 1899-1902: Battles \u2013 Paardeberg 18-27 February 1900 \u2013 CANADIAN WAR MUSEUM \u2013 WarMuseum.ca<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Second Boer War:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historynet.com\/second-boer-war.htm\" >Second Boer War \u2013 HistoryNet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/South-African-War\" >South African War (Second Boer War) \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nzhistory.net.nz\/war\/south-african-boer-war\/introduction\" >South African \u2018Boer War\u2019 \u2013 Page South African War 1899-1902 \u2013 NZHistory.net.nz<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.angloboerwar.com\/boer-war\" >Boer War 1899-1902 \u2013 AngloBoerWar.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/historywarsweapons.com\/second-boer-war\/\" >Second Boer War \u2013 HistoryWarsWeapons.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.encyclopedia.com\/topic\/Boer_War.aspx\" >\u201c<em>The Boer War (or Anglo-Boer War) was a conflict in which the British Empire fought the forces of two \u201cBoer Republics\u201d from 1899 to 1902 in southern Africa. The Boers lost the war, but resistance gained them concessions even in defeat<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Boer War \u2013 Encyclopedia.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Second_Boer_War#Background\" >Background \u2013 Second Boer War \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/history-net.com\/Start\/Boer_War\/boer_war.html\" >BOER WAR \u2013 History-Net.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/quizlet.com\/43208438\/impact-of-second-boer-war-flash-cards\/\" >Impact of Second Boer War \u2013 Quizlet.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/kieranmcmullen.com\/2012\/10\/07\/weapons-of-the-second-boer-war\/\" >Weapons of the Second Boer War \u2013 KieranMcMullen.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/wars.findthedata.com\/l\/186\/Second-Boer-War\" >Second Boer War \u2013 FindTheData.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.answers.com\/Q\/What_were_the_causes_of_the_second_boer_war\" >What were the causes of the second boer war? \u2013 Answers.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ranker.com\/list\/a-list-of-all-second-boer-war-battles\/reference\" >List of the Second Boer War Battles \u2013 Ranker.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1885\u00a0 <\/strong><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Adventures_of_Huckleberry_Finn\" >Adventures of Huckleberry Finn<\/a><\/em> by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mark_Twain\" >Mark Twain<\/a> is published in the United States.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1873\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bulgaria\" >Bulgarian<\/a> revolutionary leader <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vasil_Levski\" >Vasil Levski<\/a> is executed by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hanging\" >hanging<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sofia\" >Sofia<\/a> by the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ottoman_Empire\" >Ottoman<\/a> authorities.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1861\u00a0 <\/strong>With <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Italian_unification\" >Italian unification<\/a> almost complete, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Victor_Emmanuel_II_of_Italy\" >Victor Emmanuel II<\/a> of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Piedmont\" >Piedmont<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Savoy\" >Savoy<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sardinia\" >Sardinia<\/a> assumes the title of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/King_of_Italy\" >King of Italy<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1814\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Napoleonic_Wars\" >Napoleonic Wars<\/a>: The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Montereau\" >Battle of Montereau<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1797\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/French_Revolutionary_Wars\" >French Revolutionary Wars<\/a>: Sir <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ralph_Abercromby\" >Ralph Abercromby<\/a> and a fleet of 18 <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kingdom_of_Great_Britain\" >British<\/a> warships <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Invasion_of_Trinidad_%281797%29\" >invade<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Trinidad\" >Trinidad<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1781\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fourth_Anglo-Dutch_War\" >Fourth Anglo-Dutch War<\/a>: Captain Thomas Shirley <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shirley%27s_Gold_Coast_expedition\" >opens his expedition<\/a> against <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dutch_Gold_Coast\" >Dutch colonial outposts<\/a> on the Gold Coast of Africa (present-day <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ghana\" >Ghana<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>FEBRUARY 19<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>2003\u00a0 <\/strong>An <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ilyushin_Il-76\" >Ilyushin Il-76<\/a> military aircraft <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2003_Iran_Ilyushin_Il-76_crash\" >crashes<\/a> near <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kerman\" >Kerman<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Iran\" >Iran<\/a>, killing 275.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2002\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/NASA\" >NASA<\/a>\u2018s <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mars_Odyssey\" >Mars Odyssey<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Space_probe\" >space probe<\/a> begins to map the surface of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mars\" >Mars<\/a> using its thermal emission imaging system.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2001 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Oklahoma_City_bombing\" >Oklahoma City bombing<\/a> museum is dedicated at the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Oklahoma_City_National_Memorial\" >Oklahoma City National Memorial<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1986\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Akkaraipattu_massacre\" >Akkaraipattu massacre<\/a>: the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sri_Lankan_Army\" >Sri Lankan Army<\/a> massacres 80 <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tamil_people\" >Tamil<\/a> farm workers in the eastern province of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sri_Lanka\" >Sri Lanka<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1985\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Iberia_Airlines\" >Iberia Airlines<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Boeing_727\" >Boeing 727<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Iberia_Airlines_Flight_610\" >crashes<\/a> into <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mount_Oiz\" >Mount Oiz<\/a> in Spain, killing 148.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1985\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/William_J._Schroeder\" >William J Schroeder<\/a> becomes the first recipient of an <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Artificial_heart\" >artificial heart<\/a> to leave hospital.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1984\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> at Eastern Kazakh\/<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Semipalatinsk_Test_Site\" >Semipalitinsk<\/a> USSR.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>USSR Nuclear Tests in 1984:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1984_Soviet_nuclear_tests\" >1984 Soviet nuclear tests &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>USSR\u2019s Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests_of_the_Soviet_Union\" >List of nuclear weapons tests of the Soviet Union<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovtestsum.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Test Summary \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nuclearweaponarchive.org\/Russia\/Sovwpnprog.html\" >Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program \u2013 NuclearWeaponArchive.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.johnstonsarchive.net\/nuclear\/tests\/USSR-ntestsS.html\" >Database of nuclear tests, USSR\/Russia: overview \u2013 JohnstonArchive.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Effect and\/or Impact of Nuclear Weapons Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/page-3-effects-of-nuclear-weapon-testing-by-the-soviet-union\/\" >Page 3: Effects of Nuclear Weapon Testing by the Soviet Union \u2013 Economic, social, and environmental impacts \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/general-overview-of-theeffects-of-nuclear-testing\/\" >GENERAL OVERVIEW OF THE EFFECTS OF NUCLEAR TESTING \u2013 CTBTO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/slashdot.org\/story\/13\/08\/20\/1738213\/the-secret-effort-to-clean-up-a-former-soviet-nuclear-test-site\" >The Secret Effort To Clean Up a Former Soviet Nuclear Test Site \u2013 Slashdot.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/citeseerx.ist.psu.edu\/viewdoc\/summary?doi=10.1.1.543.8580\" >A Review of Nuclear Testing by the Soviet Union at Novaya, by Vitaly I. Khalturin , Tatyana G. Rautian , Paul G. Richards , and William S. Leith \u2013 CiteSeerX- PSU.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Underground Nuclear Tests:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tightflash.org\/all_911\/third_truth\/nuclear_demolition_basic\/USGSOFR01312.pdf\" >The Containment of Soviet Underground Nuclear Explosions, by Vitaly V. Adshkin, and William Leith \u2013 OPEN FILE REPROT 01-312, September 2001 \u2013 US DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/srl.geoscienceworld.org\/content\/86\/2A\/451.full.pdf\" >Political Seismology or Seismological Politics: Natural Resources Defense Council \u2013 USSR Experiments in Underground Nuclear Test Verification, by Anna Amramina<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2013\/02\/11\/world\/asia\/north-korea-underground-explosion-explainer\/index.html\" >What happens with an underground nuclear test? , by Kevin Voigt \u2013 February 19, 2013 \u2013 CNN<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nnsa.energy.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/nv_sweis\/environmentalimpact\/v2\/Appendix%20H.pdf\" >APPENDIX H \u2013 UNDERGROUND NUCLEAR TESTING<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/gajitz.com\/buried-history-underground-nuclear-weapons-tests\/\" >Buried History: Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 GAJITZ.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theblogbelow.com\/2008\/07\/underground-nuclear-test.html\" >Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 TheBlogBelow.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ldeo.columbia.edu\/res\/pi\/Monitoring\/Arch\/BRV_arch_exp.html\" >Borovoye Archive Data from Underground Nuclear Tests \u2013 Columbia.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/of\/1993\/0501\/report.pdf\" >Physical Environment of the Underground Nuclear Test Site on Novaya Zemlya, Russia, by John R. Matzko \u2013 Open-File Report 93-501- Reston, Virginia \u2013 1993 \u2013 THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOGRAPHICAL SURVEY<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.boston.com\/bigpicture\/2009\/11\/kazakhstans_radioactive_legacy.html\" >Kazakhstan\u2019s radioactive legacy \u2013 Boston.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/wn.com\/semipalatinsk_test_site\" >\u201cMy home: nuclear base Semipalatinsk \u2013 21\u201d, Episode 02 \u201cMain Testing Field\u201d (Video: 3 min. 14 sec.) \u2013 WN.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/soviet_nuclear_testing_semipalatinsk_20th_anniversary\/24311518.html\" >Slow Death In Kazakhstan\u2019s Land Of Nuclear Tests \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Library<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/carlwillis.wordpress.com\/2012\/08\/13\/visit-to-the-semipalatinsk-nuclear-test-site\/\" >Visit to the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 SPEICAL NUCLEAR MATERIAL<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www-ns.iaea.org\/appraisals\/semipalatinsk.asp\" >The Semipalatinsk Test Site, Kazakhstan \u2013 IAEA.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nti.org\/facilities\/732\/\" >Semipalatinsk Test Site \u2013 NTI.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/io9.com\/5988266\/the-tragic-story-of-the-semipalatinsk-nuclear-test-site\" >The Tragic Story of the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site, by Vincze Mikl\u00f3s \u2013 io9.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/Sixty_Years_After_First_Soviet_Nuclear_Test_Legacy_Of_Misery_Lives_On\/1809712.html\" >60 Years After First Soviet Nuclear Test, Legacy Of Misery Lives On In Kazakhstan \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty \u2013 Monday, August 10, 2015 \u2013 RFERL.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/2\/hi\/8236431.stm\" >Soviet nuclear tests leave Kazakh fallout \u2013 Sunday, 6 September 2009 \u2013 BBC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/wp-dyn\/content\/story\/2010\/02\/24\/ST2010022403314.html?sid=ST2010022403314\" >In Kazakhstan, the race for uranium goes nuclear, by Philip P. Pan \u2013 Thursday, February 25, 2005 \u2013 The Washington Post<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclearno.com\/text.asp?17456\" >Secrets of Semipalatinsk: How nuclear theft was averted in Central Asia \u2013 NuclearNo.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/listverse.com\/2012\/05\/15\/top-10-nuclear-test-sites\/\" >Top 10 Nuclear Test Sites, Michael Affleck, May 15, 2012 \u2013 Our World \u2013 ListVerse.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>Health, and Ecological Issues in Kazakhstan\/Semipalatinsk:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/reference.allrefer.com\/country-guide-study\/kazakhstan\/kazakhstan17.html\" >Kazakstan\/Kazakhstan \u2013 Environmental Problems \u2013 Reference.AllRefer.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclear-risks.org\/fileadmin\/user_upload\/pdfs\/HBWW_EN\/Semipalatinsk_EN_web.pdf\" >\u201cIn Semipalatinsk, the local population was exposed to high levels of radioactivity from nuclear weapon tests for several decades\u2026\u201d \u2013 Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: Nuclear test site \u2013 Nuclear-Risk.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/large.stanford.edu\/courses\/2014\/ph241\/powell2\/docs\/vakulchuk.pdf\" >Semipalatinsk nuclear testing: the humanitarian consequences \u2013 Norwegian Institute of International Affairs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nuclearfiles.org\/menu\/key-issues\/nuclear-weapons\/issues\/testing\/PDFs\/JC-143920%5B1%5D.pdf\" >Radionuclide Contamination at Kazakhstan\u2019s Semipalatinsk Test Site Implications on Human and Ecological Heath, by T.M. Carlsen, L.E. Peterson, B.A. Ulsh, C.A. Werner, K.L.Purvis, A.C. Sharber<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.irpa.net\/irpa10\/cdrom\/00504.pdf\" >Radiation Exposure on Residents due to Semipalatinsk Nuclear Tests \u2013 IRPA.net<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nukefreetexas.org\/downloads\/plutominum_uranium_semipalatinsk_test_site.pdf\" >Plutonium and Uranium in Human Bones from Areas surrounding the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 NukeFreeTexas.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.csmonitor.com\/World\/Asia-South-Central\/2013\/0828\/Secrets-of-Semipalatinsk-How-nuclear-theft-was-averted-in-Central-Asia\" >\u201cTheir research done on sample villages near the test site found cancer mortality rates 2-1\/2 times greater than those in a control village. The agency says some 356,000 people face radiation risk, with 70 percent of those being descendants of exposed villagers\u2026\u201d \u2013 Secrets of Semipalatinsk: How nuclear theft was averted in Central Asia \u2013 The Christian Science Monitor<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/cajgh.pitt.edu\/ojs\/index.php\/cajgh\/article\/view\/127\/0\" >Studies of Health Effects from Nuclear Testing near the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site Kazakhstan, by Bernd Grosche, Tamara Zhunussova, Kazbek Apsalikov, Ausrele Kesminiene<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.idosi.org\/wasj\/wasj23%285%2913\/19.pdf\" >Information Report on Biological Studies Conducted At the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 IDOSI.org<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/europepmc.org\/articles\/PMC3866702\" >Mortality from Cardiovascular Disease in the Semipalatinsk Historical Cohort, 1960 \u2013 1999, and its Relationship to Radiation Exposure \u2013 Europe PubMed Central<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/soviet_nuclear_testing_semipalatinsk_20th_anniversary\/24311518.html\" >Slow Death of Kazakhstan\u2019s Land Of Nuclear Tests \u2013 Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty \u2013 RFRL.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/thebulletin.org\/lasting-toll-semipalatinsks-nuclear-testing\" >The lasting toll of Semipalitinsk\u2019s nuclear testing \u2013 TheBulletin.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/12566948_External_doses_of_residents_near_Semipalatinsk_nuclear_test_site\" >External Doses of Residents near Semipalitinsk Nuclear Test Site \u2013 ResearchGate.net<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1982\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> at Eastern Kazakh\/<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Semipalatinsk_Test_Site\" >Semipalitinsk<\/a> USSR.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>For some more pertinent information, see<\/em> \u201c<strong>1984 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ctbto.org\/nuclear-testing\/the-effects-of-nuclear-testing\/the-soviet-unionsnuclear-testing-programme\/\" >USSR performs nuclear test<\/a> at Eastern Kazakh\/<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Semipalatinsk_Test_Site\" >Semipalitinsk<\/a> USSR,\u201d, <em>mentioned above.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1978\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Egyptian_raid_on_Larnaca_International_Airport\" >Egyptian forces raid Larnaca International Airport<\/a> in an attempt to intervene in a hijacking, without authorisation from the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Republic_of_Cyprus\" >Republic of Cyprus<\/a> authorities. The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cypriot_National_Guard\" >Cypriot National Guard<\/a> and Police forces kill 15 Egyptian commandos and destroy the Egyptian <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/C-130\" >C-130<\/a> transport plane in open combat.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1976\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Executive_Order_9066\" >Executive Order 9066<\/a>, which led to the relocation of Japanese Americans to internment camps, is rescinded by President <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gerald_R._Ford\" >Gerald R. Ford<\/a>\u2018s Proclamation 4417.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Executive Order 9066 and the Internment of Japanese Americans:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/roosevelt-signs-executive-order-9066\" >FEB 19, 1942: This Day in History \u2013 Roosevelt signs Executive Order 9066 \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.archives.gov\/global-pages\/larger-image.html?i=\/historical-docs\/doc-content\/images\/japanese-relocation-order-l.jpg&amp;c=\/historical-docs\/doc-content\/images\/japanese-relocation-order.caption.html\" >Executive Order 9066 of February 19, 1942 \u2013 Archives.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ourdocuments.gov\/doc.php?flash=false&amp;doc=74&amp;page=transcript\" >Transcript of Executive Order9066: Resulting in the Relocation of Japanese (1942) \u2013 OurDocuments.gov<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Executive-Order-9066\" >Executive Order 9066 \u2013 Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Internment_of_Japanese_Americans\" >Internment of Japanese Americans \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/loc.gov\/teachers\/classroommaterials\/connections\/manzanar\/history2.html\" >\u201cSuffering Under a Great Injustice\u201d: Ansel Adam\u2019s Photographs of Japanese American Internment at Manzanar \u2013 LOC.gov<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.loc.gov\/teachers\/classroommaterials\/lessons\/fear\/\" >Japanese American Internment: Fear Itself \u2013 LOC.gov<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.archives.gov\/research\/alic\/reference\/military\/japanese-internment.html\" >Japanese Relocation and Internment during World War II \u2013 NARA resources \u2013 Archives.gov<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>President Gerald Ford\u2019s Proclamation 4417:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov\/library\/speeches\/760111p.htm\" >President Gerald R. Ford\u2019s Proclamation 4417, Confirming the Termination of the Executive Order Authorizing Japanese-American Internment During World War II \u2013 February 19, 1976 \u2013 FordLibraryMuseum.gov<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.presidency.ucsb.edu\/ws\/?pid=787\" >Proclamation 4417 \u2013 President Gerald R. Ford \u2013 UCSB.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1972\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Asama-Sans%C5%8D_incident\" >Asama-Sans\u014d hostage standoff<\/a> begins in Japan.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1965\u00a0 <\/strong>Colonel <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ph%E1%BA%A1m_Ng%E1%BB%8Dc_Th%E1%BA%A3o\" >Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u1ecdc Th\u1ea3o<\/a> of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Army_of_the_Republic_of_Vietnam\" >Army of the Republic of Vietnam<\/a>, and a communist spy of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/North_Vietnam\" >North Vietnamese<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Viet_Minh\" >Viet Minh<\/a>, along with Generals <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/L%C3%A2m_V%C4%83n_Ph%C3%A1t\" >L\u00e2m V\u0103n Ph\u00e1t<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tr%E1%BA%A7n_Thi%E1%BB%87n_Khi%C3%AAm\" >Tr\u1ea7n Thi\u1ec7n Khi\u00eam<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1965_South_Vietnamese_coup\" >attempted a coup<\/a> against the military <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Military_dictatorship\" >junta<\/a> of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nguy%E1%BB%85n_Kh%C3%A1nh\" >Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u00e1nh<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1963\u00a0 <\/strong>The publication of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Betty_Friedan\" >Betty Friedan<\/a>\u2018s <em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Feminine_Mystique\" >The Feminine Mystique<\/a><\/em> reawakens the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Feminist_movement\" >feminist movement<\/a> in the United States as women\u2019s organizations and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Consciousness_raising\" >consciousness raising<\/a> groups spread.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1960\u00a0 <\/strong>China successfully launches the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/T-7_%28rocket%29\" >T-7<\/a>, its first <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sounding_rocket\" >sounding rocket<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1959\u00a0 <\/strong>The United Kingdom grants <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cyprus\" >Cyprus<\/a> independence, which is then formally proclaimed on August 16, 1960.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1953\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Censorship\" >Censorship<\/a>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Georgia_%28U.S._state%29\" >Georgia<\/a> approves the first literature censorship board in the United States.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1949\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ezra_Pound\" >Ezra Pound<\/a> is awarded the first <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bollingen_Prize\" >Bollingen Prize in poetry<\/a> by the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bollingen_Foundation\" >Bollingen Foundation<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yale_University\" >Yale University<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1948\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Conference_of_Youth_and_Students_of_Southeast_Asia_Fighting_for_Freedom_and_Independence\" >Conference of Youth and Students of Southeast Asia Fighting for Freedom and Independence<\/a> convenes in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Calcutta\" >Calcutta<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1945\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Iwo_Jima\" >Battle of Iwo Jima<\/a>: About 30,000 <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States_Marine\" >United States Marines<\/a> land on the island of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Iwo_Jima\" >Iwo Jima<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Battle of Iwo Jima:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cv6.org\/1945\/iwo\/\" >Feb 19 \u2013 Mar 12, 1945 \u2013 CV6.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/fighting-on-iwo-jima-ends\" >MAR 16 1945: THIS DAY IN HISTORY: Fighting on Iwo Jima ends \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/world-war-ii\/battle-of-iwo-jima\" >BATTLE OF IWO JIMA \u2013 History.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.historyofwar.org\/articles\/battles_iwojima.html\" >Operation Detachment: The Battle for Iwo Jima February \u2013 March 1945 \u2013 HistoryOfWar.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Iwo_Jima\" >Iwo Jima \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nationalww2museum.org\/focus-on\/iwo-jima-fact-sheet.pdf\" >The Battle for Iwo Jima \u2013 NationalWW2Museum.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.warhistoryonline.com\/war-articles\/wwii-veterans-remember-1945-battle-of-iwo-jima.html\" >WWII veterans remember 1945 Battle of Iwo Jima \u2013 WarHistoryOnline.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1943\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Kasserine_Pass\" >Battle of Kasserine Pass<\/a> in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tunisia\" >Tunisia<\/a> begins.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1942\u00a0 <\/strong>World War II: United States President <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Franklin_D._Roosevelt\" >Franklin D. Roosevelt<\/a> signs the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Executive_Order_9066\" >executive order 9066<\/a>, allowing the United States military to relocate <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Japanese_American\" >Japanese Americans<\/a> to <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Internment_of_Japanese_Americans\" >internment camps<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1942\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_II\" >World War II<\/a>: Nearly 250 Japanese warplanes <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bombing_of_Darwin\" >attack<\/a> the northern Australian city of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Darwin,_Northern_Territory\" >Darwin<\/a> killing 243 people.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1937\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yekatit_12\" >Yekatit 12<\/a>: During a public ceremony at the Viceregal Palace (the former Imperial residence) in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Addis_Ababa\" >Addis Ababa<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ethiopia\" >Ethiopia<\/a>, two Ethiopian nationalists of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eritrea\" >Eritrean<\/a> origin attempt to kill viceroy <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rodolfo_Graziani\" >Rodolfo Graziani<\/a> with a number of grenades.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1915\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_I\" >World War I<\/a>: The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Naval_operations_in_the_Dardanelles_Campaign\" >first naval attack<\/a> on the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dardanelles\" >Dardanelles<\/a> begins when a strong Anglo-French task force bombards Ottoman artillery along the coast of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gallipoli\" >Gallipoli<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Naval Operations in the Dardanelles Campaign:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Naval_operations_in_the_Dardanelles_Campaign\" >Naval Operations in the Dardanelles Campaign \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.naval-history.net\/WW1Battle1503Dardanelles1.htm\" >DARDANELLES and GALLIPOLI CAMPAIGNS \u2013 1915-1916 \u2013 Part 1 \u2013 Naval Campaign in Outline \u2013 Naval History Homepage \u2013 Naval-History.net<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.britishbattles.com\/the-gallipoli-campaign-part-i-the-naval-attack-on-the-dardanelles\/\" >The Gallipoli campaign: Part I: The Naval Attack on the Dardanelles \u2013 BritishBattles.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.firstworldwar.com\/battles\/overview_gf.htm\" >Battles \u2013 Gallipoli Front \u2013 An Overview \u2013 FirstWorldWar.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/navymuseum.co.nz\/worldwar1\/battles-operations\/dardanelles-gallipoli\/\" >Dardanelles \u2013 Gallipoli \u2013 World War One \u2013 New Zealand\u2019s War at Sea \u2013 NavyMuseum.co.nz<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nzhistory.net.nz\/war\/the-gallipoli-campaign\/landing-plans\" >The Gallipoli Campaign \u2013 NEW ZEALAND HISTORY \u2013 NZHistory.net.nz<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1884\u00a0 <\/strong>More than <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Enigma_tornado_outbreak\" >sixty tornadoes<\/a> strike the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Southern_United_States\" >Southern United States<\/a>, one of the largest <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tornado\" >tornado<\/a> outbreaks in US history.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1878\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Thomas_Edison\" >Thomas Edison<\/a> patents the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Phonograph\" >phonograph<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1861\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Serf\" >Serfdom<\/a> is <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Emancipation_reform_of_1861\" >abolished<\/a> in Russia.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1859\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Daniel_E._Sickles\" >Daniel E. Sickles<\/a>, a New York Congressman, is acquitted of murder on grounds of temporary insanity. This is the first time this defense is successfully used in the United States.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1847\u00a0 <\/strong>The first group of rescuers reaches the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Donner_Party\" >Donner Party<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1819\u00a0 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/British_Empire\" >British<\/a> explorer <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/William_Smith_%28mariner%29\" >William Smith<\/a> discovers the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/South_Shetland_Islands\" >South Shetland Islands<\/a>, and claims them in the name of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/George_III_of_the_United_Kingdom\" >King George III<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1726\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Supreme_Privy_Council\" >Supreme Privy Council<\/a> is established in Russia.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1674\u00a0 <\/strong>England and the Netherlands sign the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Treaty_of_Westminster_%281674%29\" >Treaty of Westminster<\/a>, ending the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Third_Anglo-Dutch_War\" >Third Anglo-Dutch War<\/a>. A provision of the agreement transfers the Dutch colony of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/New_Amsterdam\" >New Amsterdam<\/a> to England, and it is renamed New York.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1649\u00a0 <\/strong>The <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Second_Battle_of_Guararapes\" >Second Battle of Guararapes<\/a> takes place, effectively ending <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Netherlands\" >Dutch<\/a> colonization efforts in <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Brazil\" >Brazil<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1600\u00a0 <\/strong>The Peruvian <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Stratovolcano\" >stratovolcano<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Huaynaputina\" >Huaynaputina<\/a> explodes in the most violent eruption in the recorded history of South America.<\/p>\n<p><strong>_______________________________________<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>(<em>Sources and references:<\/em><\/strong><em> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/february_13\" >https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/february_13<\/a> \u00a0\u00a0february<strong>_19<\/strong>; <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.onthisday.com\/events\/february\/13\" >http:\/\/www.onthisday.com\/events\/february\/13<\/a> \u00a0\u00a0to <strong>february\/19<\/strong>;\u00a0\u00a0 <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brainyhistory.com\/days\/february_13.html\" >http:\/\/www.brainyhistory.com\/days\/february_13.html<\/a>.\u00a0 \u00a0to <strong>february_19.html<\/strong>; and other pertinent web sites and\/or documents, mentioned above.<\/em><strong>)<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><em>The views expressed in the cited or quoted websites and\/or documents in this article do not necessarily reflect those of the author of this article. These websites and\/or documents are cited or quoted for academic or educational purposes. Neither the author of this article nor the Transcend Media Service (TMS) is responsible for the contents, information, or whatsoever contained in these websites and\/or documents.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>One of the primary purposes of this article is to provide the readers with opportunities to think about \u201cpeace\u201d, including positive peace and negative peace as well as external\/outer peace and internal\/inner peace, and more, directly or indirectly, from various angles and\/or in the broadest sense, through historical events. It is because this article is prepared specifically for the TMS whose main objective is to address \u201cpeace\u201d.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><em>Satoshi Ashikaga, having worked as researcher, development program\/project officer, legal protection\/humanitarian assistance officer, human rights monitor-negotiator, managing-editor, and more, prefers a peaceful and prudent life, especially that in communion with nature.\u00a0 His previous work experiences, including those in war zones and war-torn zones, remind him of the invaluableness of peace.\u00a0 His interest and\/or expertise includes international affairs, international law, jurisprudence, economic and business affairs, project\/operations or organizational management, geography, history, the environmental\/ecological issues, science and technology, visual\/audio documentation of nature and culture, and more. Being a member of the <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/\" ><em>TRANSCEND Network for Peace, Development and Environment<\/em><\/a><em>, he is currently compiling <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/category\/history\/\" >This Week in History<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Feb 13-19 ~ QUOTE OF THE WEEK: \u201cOptimism is the faith that leads to achievement.  Nothing can be done without hope and confidence.\u201d \u2013 Helen Keller<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[148],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-86569","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-history"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/86569","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=86569"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/86569\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=86569"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=86569"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.transcend.org\/tms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=86569"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}