Articles by Joan Pedro-Carañana, Toby Miller and Israel V. Márquez
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The Williams Brothers: Afro-Basque Hybridity
Joan Pedro-Carañana, Toby Miller and Israel V. Márquez – TRANSCEND Media Service,
2 Mar 2026
Most black immigrants come to Spain for work. The majority in low-paid jobs or outside formal labor and education. Two-thirds are Muslim. A quarter experience discrimination. They are routinely stopped and searched by police without reason—at higher levels than the rest of the population.
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