The Escalating Belligerence in the Middle East: A Peace Propagator’s Academic Analysis of the Iran War of Choice

TRANSCEND MEMBERS, 6 Apr 2026

Prof Hoosen Vawda – TRANSCEND Media Service

“The present war in the Middle East, waged against Iran, by the combined forces of United States and its puppet ally, Israel is a war of religious traditions and ideals, by the west to financially strengthen its defence industry and occupy nations rich in natural resources. This war also highlights the total incompetence of global regulatory authorities as “toothless alligators”[1] and they have lost their respectful mandate for preservation of humanity and global peace. “ [2]

“The current, international, political scenario is a short walk to World War III and Armageddon [3]

This publication is suitable for general readership. Parental guidance is recommended for minors who may use this research paper as a resource material, for projects.

The author, as a third generation South African, person of Indian origins, by birth, has survived the brutality of the apartheid government under White Nationalism and is ideally positioned to discuss the war of ideologies between the global North countries based on using pretexts to annihilate non condescending nations to the neo imperialist strategies to attack and subjugate countries with rich natural resources in the 21st Century

A humanitarian Peace Appeal to the United Nations in the face of The Iran War, waged by United States and Israel, supported by His Masters Voices, The Nations, motivated by financial gains.
Original Graphic Conceptualised by Mrs V. Vawda March 2026

(1) Prologue

The 2026 Iran War represents a profound failure of global governance, morality, and collective security. Drawing upon Professor Richard Falk’s analysis of the war as an unprovoked “war of choice” (Falk, 2026), this paper examines the legal violations, political-economic motives, media manipulation, humanitarian impacts, and spiritual fractures that characterise the conflict. Supplemented with additional contemporary analyses, including humanitarian assessments and regional geopolitical reports, this paper situates the war within broader patterns of militarised hegemony and global systemic risk. Integrated through the ethical lenses of Ubuntu philosophy and biophotonic coherence theory, the paper proposes diplomatic, moral, and structural interventions aimed at preventing regional escalation, global economic destabilisation, and the existential threat of nuclear confrontation.

(2) Introduction

Political Economy, Media Studies

The Iran War of 2026 has emerged as one of the defining geopolitical crises of the early 21st century. As Professor Richard Falk (2026) observes, this war was initiated not as an act of self‑defence but as a deliberate political decision, framed through the language of strategic realism despite lacking evidence of imminent threat. The conflict has inflicted enormous suffering on the Iranian population, destabilised neighbouring states, disrupted global supply chains, and exposed systemic weaknesses within the United Nations and the international order.

This paper expands Falk’s critique into a broader academic framework, drawing on legal analysis,, humanitarian frameworks, and spiritual‑ethical paradigms including Ubuntu and biophotonic coherence.

(3) Literature Review

3.1 Richard Falk’s Foundational Analysis

In Interrogating the Iran War as a ‘War of Choice’, Falk (2026) argues that:

U.S. leadership trivialised the conflict, describing it as merely an “excursion” while inflicting widespread suffering (Falk, 2026).

The war was not legally defensible, given the absence of imminent danger and the lack of credible intelligence supporting claims of Iranian aggression (Falk, 2026).

The conflict has sparked “secondary effects” causing widespread humanitarian and economic harm far beyond Iran’s borders (Falk, 2026).

3.2 Additional Supporting Literature

Other sources reinforce Falk’s critique:

Reports document hundreds of civilian deaths, including children, and massive destruction of infrastructure across Iran, a “needless war” with catastrophic human costs (Center for American Progress, 2026).

Strategic analyses highlight that Iran posed no immediate nuclear or missile threat to the United States, contradicting political rhetoric used to justify the war (Gillespie, 2026).

Regional assessments show that the conflict has destabilised Gulf states, disrupted the Strait of Hormuz, and imperilled the global energy economy (Al Jazeera, 2026).

The Atlantic Council notes severe global market volatility as the war continues and warns of secondary geopolitical spillovers across Asia, Europe, and Africa (Kroenig, 2026).

These sources collectively advance Falk’s foundational argument: the war is unlawful, unnecessary, destabilising, and morally indefensible.

(4) Legal Analysis

4.1 Violations of The UN Charter

Under Article 2(4) of the UN Charter, member states may not use force except in self‑defence or with Security Council authorization. Intelligence reports cited by analysts confirm that Iran was not preparing any imminent attack, rendering the initial strikes unlawful (Gillespie, 2026).

4.2 Jus ad Bellum

The war fails all criteria for lawful initiation of conflict:

No imminent threat (Gillespie, 2026).

No Security Council resolution (Falk, 2026).

No proportionality, given the large-scale civilian harm.

4.3 Jus in Bello Violations

Humanitarian law requires:

distinction between civilians and combatants,

proportionality,

protection of essential infrastructure.

Reports confirm:

mass civilian casualties,

strikes on civilian infrastructure,

widespread displacement (Center for American Progress, 2026).

“In the chamber where humanity’s choices echo across continents, the world’s guardians convene, seeking clarity, restraint, and the fragile hope of peace amid the gathering storm.”
“At a moment of profound global uncertainty, the Security Council meets in urgent session to confront the escalating war and its far‑reaching consequences.”
“Here, in the circle of nations, the fate of millions balances on every word, reminding the world that peace is the highest form of courage.”
“Under the weight of crisis, the Council gathers as the world holds its breath, hoping diplomacy can outrun destruction.”
“Where nations assemble, humanity must speak with one voice: to shield the vulnerable, restrain power, and remember we rise or fall together.”
Original Graphic Conceptualised by Mrs V. Vawda March 2026

4.4 UN Failure

As Falk (2026) notes, the UN has been unable to act, mirroring prior failures in Iraq (2003), Gaza (2023–2025), and Syria. The paralysis of the Security Council is a structural issue.

(5) Political Economy and  The U.S. Arms Industry

5.1 Oil and Strategic Geography

The war has disrupted the Strait of Hormuz, through which 20% of global energy supply flows, causing market volatility and raising global prices (Al Jazeera, 2026).[4]

5.2 Profiteering

Major U.S. defence contractors expand production during wartime. Rising regional instability boosts demand for:

  • Guided missiles,
  • Naval defence systems,
  • Fighter jet upgrades,
  • Drone technologies.

5.3 Economic Burden

The war has already cost over $5 billion (Center for American Progress, 2026), while generating profits for private defence firms, repeating historical patterns described by Butler (1935).

 

(6) Media Spin, Narratives and War Justification

6.1 Political Realism as Justification

Falk (2026)[5] criticises how the media normalises a “war of choice” through euphemistic framing.

6.2 Manufactured Consent

Media narratives:

  • Overstate the threat from Iran,
  • Downplay civilian deaths,
  • Highlight “surgical precision,”
  • Echo state rhetoric of “regime threats,”
  • Frame aggression as moral necessity.

This mirrors past media performances during Iraq 2003, Vietnam, and Gaza.

(7) Humanitarian Impact: Local and  Global

7.1 Iran

Reports confirm:

  • hundreds of civilians killed
  • destruction of homes, schools, and hospitals
  • prevalence of famine-like conditions
  • thousands displaced (Center for American Progress, 2026)[6]

7.2 Regional

The conflict has spread instability to:

  • Lebanon,
  • Syria,
  • Gulf states [7].

7.3 Global

The Atlantic Council warns of:

  • market instability,
  • rising oil prices,
  • volatility in global trade routes [8]

This confirms Falk’s warnings about “secondary effects” spreading harm across the world [9]

(8) Violation Of Ubuntu and Biophotonic Coherence [10], [11]

8.1 Ubuntu

Ubuntu emphasises shared humanity: “I am because we are.”
War fractures collective existence by reducing human beings to geopolitical abstractions.

8.2 Biophotonic Philosophy[12]

In biophotonic theory, all humans carry intrinsic light. Peace cultivates coherence; war fractures it. Aggression extinguishes the luminous moral field that sustains global harmony.

War of choice = spiritual decoherence.

(9) The Way Forward

Recommended Measures:

  • Emergency UN General Assembly session (“Uniting for Peace”).
  • Immediate ceasefire and humanitarian corridors.
  • Regional multilateral negotiations.
  • Arms embargo on escalating parties.
  • Stabilisation of energy markets.
  • Appointment of a UN Special Rapporteur for the Iran conflict.

Peace by Ubuntu artwork truly embodies: Human unity through interlinked hands, Shared dignity and collective identity, Warm technicolour radiance symbolising harmony, A visual meditation on the truth that humanity is one and its proclivity towards endogenous and exogenous Peace.
Original Graphic Conceptualised by Mrs V. Vawda March 2026

(10) Epigraph / Epilogue

“Peace is humanity remembering itself.”

(11) Conclusion With Policy Recommendations

The Iran War represents a convergence of legal failure, hegemonic overreach, humanitarian catastrophe, and spiritual rupture. The UN must reclaim moral authority by enforcing international law, addressing Security Council paralysis, and preventing unilateral aggression masked as necessity.

(12) The Bottom Line: Resetting The Doomsday Clock [13], [14]

The Doomsday Clock as of 04th February 2026 stands at 85 seconds to 00:00.  This is the closest humanity has ever been to symbolic catastrophe. A reader can see how the Doomsday Clock has moved through history. Humanity stands at a perilous threshold. Without coordinated diplomatic intervention, nuclear brinkmanship and global economic collapse loom. Preventing escalation requires:

  • diplomacy,
  • restraint,
  • international oversight,
  • demilitarisation of foreign policy.

(13) The Short Walk to Armageddon[15]

The author has coined the term “ The Short Walk to Armageddon” noting the international unprovoked belligerism, resulting in death of innocent civilians, gross infrastructural destruction, all in the pursuit of acquisition of natural resources, of a particular country like Venezuela and now the Islamic Republic of Iran, by United States.  In addition,  the Zionist genocide of Palestine by the IDF, to the accompaniment of Jewish settlers, has presently increased in intensity and geographic areas, to the killing and annihilatory sprees, to the Occupied West Bank, Beirut, and other parts of Lebanon. Every global tradition, Islamic, Christian, Jewish, Hindu, Buddhist, African Indigenous, proclaims the sanctity of life. The lessons of Hiroshima and Nagasaki echo today: when war becomes unrestrained, humanity enters a shadow of Armageddon, and death, from which it Will Not Return.

An Official Call For Action: A United Nations, Humanitarian and  Peace Appeal

Memorandum For Consideration by The Transcend Media Service Executive Committee

Date: 23 March 2026
Prepared by: Hoosen Vawda (Peace Propagator), for consideration by TMS

  1. Purpose of This Memorandum

This memorandum seeks TMS Executive Committee approval to submit an urgent humanitarian appeal to the United Nations (UN) calling for immediate executive action to prevent further escalation of the Iran War of 2026, which multiple scholarly analyses, including that of Professor Richard Falk, identify as a “war of choice” rather than necessity.[16]
The war threatens:

  • regional and global stability,
  • the safety of millions of civilians,
  • and international peace under the UN Charter.
  1. Basis for The Appeal
  2. The War Lacks Legal Justification

Independent analyses affirm the absence of an imminent threat from Iran prior to the conflict:

  • Intelligence assessments and expert commentary reveal that Iran had neither initiated nor prepared attacks warranting pre‑emptive force (Gillespie, 2026).
  • This places the conflict in violation of UN Charter Articles 2(4) and 51[17], , as highlighted by Professor Falk (2026), in an editorial publication in Transcend Media Service.[18]
  1. Severe Humanitarian Catastrophe

Reliable assessments document:

  • hundreds of civilian deaths, including children,
  • destruction of hospitals, schools, and critical infrastructure,
  • mass displacement and community collapse (Center for American Progress, 2026).

The UN has a statutory obligation to protect civilian populations from unnecessary suffering [19]

  1. Escalating Regional Instability

Studies show that the war has:

  • Destabilised the Gulf region,
  • Triggered proxy escalations,
  • Endangered neighbouring states,
  • Disrupted the Strait of Hormuz[20], [21]through which 20% of global oil flows (Al Jazeera, 2026).[22]

Photo Top: The War on Islamic Republic of Iran, by the combined forces of US and Israel, highlighting the strategically important Strait of Hormuz, controlled by Iran, for global distribution of Iranian oil.
Photo Bottom: “Set against a landscape of escalating devastation, this visual allegory depicts the Doomsday Clock frozen at thirty seconds before midnight—symbolising the terminal point at which global instability, unchecked militarism, and systemic decoherence converge. ‘The Last Hour of Peace’ serves as an academic warning that humanity now stands within a narrow temporal threshold where decisive diplomatic intervention is the only barrier separating crisis from irreversible catastrophe.”
“This depiction of the Doomsday Clock at thirty seconds before midnight serves as a juridical and moral reminder that states bear an unequivocal obligation under the UN Charter and international humanitarian law to prevent foreseeable harm to civilian populations. ‘The Last Hour of Peace’ symbolises the threshold at which unlawful use of force, unchecked escalation, and failures of collective security converge into catastrophic consequences. When diplomacy collapses and legal norms are abandoned, humanity enters a zone where ethical restraint may no longer be sufficient to avert irreversible calamity.”
Original Photographs Conceptualised by Mrs V. Vawda March 2026

  1. Global Economic Shockwaves

The Atlantic Council warns of:

  • unprecedented market volatility,
  • energy price surges,
  • global supply-chain disruptions,
  • heightened risk of recession (Kroenig, 2026).

This war is no longer a regional conflict, it is a global humanitarian crisis.

III. Why The United Nations Must Act Now

  1. The UN’s Mandate Under the Charter

The UN was established to “save succeeding generations from the scourge of war.”
[23]Failure to act undermines:

  • international security,
  • global confidence in collective governance,
  • and the credibility of the global peace architecture.
  1. Historical Precedent of Failure

As seen in Iraq (2003), Gaza (2023–2025), and Syria, Security Council paralysis has repeatedly enabled humanitarian disasters. The current Iran War replicates this pattern

  1. The Nuclear Shadow

With three heavily armed states engaged, Israel, Iran, and the United States, the risk of miscalculation is non‑trivial.

Unchecked escalation could make the 2026 Doomsday Clock move dangerously closer to midnight.

  1. Recommended Actions For The United Nations

The memorandum requests that the UN pursue the following six urgent measures

  1. Emergency Special Session of the UN General Assembly

Convene under the Uniting for Peace Resolution (1950) when the Security Council is deadlocked.

  1. Immediate Ceasefire and Humanitarian Corridors

To allow:

  • Medical relief,
  • Civilian evacuation,
  • Civilian safety and protection against indiscriminate genocide, by Israel, housed in makeshift tents.
  • Infrastructure repair.
  1. Appointment of a UN Special Envoy or Rapporteur

To investigate:

  • legality of the war,
  • civilian casualties,
  • potential war crimes.
  1. UN‑Supervised Peace Negotiations

Engage:

  • Iran,
  • the United States,
  • Israel,
  • Gulf Cooperation Council [24](GCC) members,
  • neutral mediators.
  1. Stabilisation of Global Energy Supply

Coordination with OPEC,[25] EU[26], AU[27], and ASEAN[28] to prevent global economic collapse.[29]

“A single flashpoint in the Middle East sends tremors across the planet,  energy corridors fracture, trade arteries recoil, markets spiral into volatility, and the invisible architecture of global interdependence begins to convulse. As the Strait of Hormuz falters, shockwaves ripple outward across continents: supply chains buckle, currencies shudder, food security cracks, and entire economies strain under the gravitational pull of conflict. Humanity stands witness to a world illuminated not by progress, but by the glowing fault lines of a system pushed beyond coherence.” Original Graphic Conceptualised by Mrs V. Vawda March 2026

  1. Investigation of Arms‑Industry Influence

Given evidence that the war benefits U.S. military-industrial corporations (Center for American Progress, 2026), the UN must examine the role of weapons profiteering.[30],[31]

  1. Ethical and Spiritual Basis of the Appeal

Ubuntu Philosophy

  • Ubuntu teaches: “I am because you are.”
    A war of choice violates the core of our shared humanity.
    Harm to one nation becomes harm to all.

Biophotonic Coherence Framework

  • Conflict fractures the innate moral and luminous field binding human beings.
    Peace restores coherence, dignity, and spiritual integrity.

Universal Religious Teachings

All major traditions affirm:

  • Sanctity of all life,
  • Prohibition of unjust war,
  • Accountability of leaders,
  • Duty to protect the vulnerable.

The war grossly violates these universal moral principles.

  1. Recommendation to The TMS Executive Committee

It is recommended that:

  1. TMS endorses the memorandum as a collective institutional position

This amplifies moral weight and academic authority.

  1. The memorandum be submitted jointly by:
  • TMS Founder Prof. Johan Galtung (if possible),
  • Richard Falk,
  • The TMS Editorial Board,
  • and the collective TMS Peace Scholars
  • TMS contributors and readers
  1. The memorandum be dispatched to:
  • UNSecretary‑General, António Guterres, serving as the ninth occupant of the office since 1 January 2017. [32],
  • President of the UN General Assembly [33],[34]
  • UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA),[35],
  • UN Human Rights Council (UNHRC),[36]
  • Non‑Aligned Movement (NAM) leadership[37].

VII. Conclusion

This memorandum urges the United Nations to fulfil its founding purpose.
The 2026 Iran War is a preventable catastrophe, without immediate intervention:

  • Civilian deaths will continue,
  • Regional escalation is likely,
  • Global markets may collapse,
  • The nuclear threshold could be crossed.

The moral responsibility now lies with the global community to act decisively.

Prepared for TMS Executive Consideration

With humility, respect, and devotion to global peace propagation.

Professor Hoosen Vawda
Peace Propagator
TRANSCEND Media Service (TMS)

Call to Action

The esteemed and highly placed members of TMS Editorial Board, its contributors and readers, presently has been afforded an opportunity to effect their moral responsibility, as fellow peace propagators, to officially record their views on the war on Iran, with the suggested memorandum to the United Nations.  Missing this opportunity, with result in unnecessary death and destruction, the author humbly appeals.

Take-Home Message

Please act with your conscience, not your positional status in the international, academic and moral arena.

References:

[1] https://www.transcend.org/tms/2024/04/global-human-rights-institutions-a-veneer-of-peace-propagation-by-toothless-alligators-part-2/

 

[2] Personal Quote by author, January 2026

 

[3] Personal Quote by author, January 2026

 

[4] https://www.bing.com/ck/a?!&&p=4c1c13142b43f7abe0f7b70924cf3f4cfc9dd3f8ff75833702a01f6403e236eaJmltdHM9MTc3NDQ4MzIwMA&ptn=3&ver=2&hsh=4&fclid=2b35ea2c-b8d0-63b3-2370-fd36b95362a4&u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuYWxqYXplZXJhLmNvbS9vcGluaW9ucy8yMDI2LzMvMTkvaXJhbnMtZGlsZW1tYS1pbi13YXItYW5kLXBlYWNl&ntb=1

 

[5] https://www.transcend.org/tms/2026/03/interrogating-the-iran-war-as-a-war-of-choice-political-realism-vs-peace-journalism/

 

[6] https://www.bing.com/ck/a?!&&p=5fdcc500f0880181360f13bd7ed47c43b6f9d7d1c988821cdcf461e34c6e2bebJmltdHM9MTc3NDQ4MzIwMA&ptn=3&ver=2&hsh=4&fclid=2b35ea2c-b8d0-63b3-2370-fd36b95362a4&psq=(Center+for+American+Progress%2c+2026)&u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuYW1lcmljYW5wcm9ncmVzcy5vcmcv

 

[7] https://www.bing.com/ck/a?!&&p=3503b0e1ff83b2ef3d753897d06cc65a9c9683424de2ad98246546ce46e9d899JmltdHM9MTc3NDQ4MzIwMA&ptn=3&ver=2&hsh=4&fclid=2b35ea2c-b8d0-63b3-2370-fd36b95362a4&psq=(Al+Jazeera%2c+2026).+gulf+states&u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuYWxqYXplZXJhLmNvbS9uZXdzLzIwMjYvMy8yNS9pcmFuaWFuLWF0dGFja3MtYW1vdW50LXRvLXZpb2xhdGlvbi1vZi1zb3ZlcmVpZ250eS1ndWxmLXN0YXRlcy10ZWxsLXVu

 

[8] https://www.bing.com/ck/a?!&&p=7535186f8abfa86be446da7d4323a16a56f2735cd03ea72e403d6b9a81623170JmltdHM9MTc3NDQ4MzIwMA&ptn=3&ver=2&hsh=4&fclid=2b35ea2c-b8d0-63b3-2370-fd36b95362a4&psq=(Kroenig%2c+2026).&u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9mb3JlaWducG9saWN5LmNvbS8yMDI2LzAzLzEyL2tyb2VuaWctcGFyc2ktZGViYXRlLXdhci1pbi1pcmFuLw

 

[9] TRANSCEND MEDIA SERVICE » Interrogating the Iran War as a ‘War of Choice’: Political Realism vs Peace Journalism

 

[10] https://www.bing.com/ck/a?!&&p=42ce9f0d50bd3810f9b0c9d153760bb7e0b217b4091dfdb87f9597189727311dJmltdHM9MTc3NDQ4MzIwMA&ptn=3&ver=2&hsh=4&fclid=2b35ea2c-b8d0-63b3-2370-fd36b95362a4&psq=Ubuntu+and+Biophotonic+Coherence+vawda+tms&u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudHJhbnNjZW5kLm9yZy90bXMvMjAyNi8wMS91YnVudHUtcmlzaW5nLWEtcGVhY2UtZm9yY2UtYWdhaW5zdC1nbG9iYWwtYmVsbGlnZXJpc20v

 

[11] https://www.bing.com/ck/a?!&&p=f9c48bef77b70e8e47793bfcf3d11e6c4f219087537de09d7222d6eefa2eeecaJmltdHM9MTc3NDQ4MzIwMA&ptn=3&ver=2&hsh=4&fclid=2b35ea2c-b8d0-63b3-2370-fd36b95362a4&psq=Ubuntu+and+Biophotonic+Coherence+vawda+tms&u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudHJhbnNjZW5kLm9yZy90bXMvYXV0aG9yLz9hPUhvb3NlbiUyMFZhd2Rh

 

[12] https://www.bing.com/ck/a?!&&p=f64de86158b092cf0e525d8bc97aa80625f3cf7f774fa41b91a8415b7c4cb06dJmltdHM9MTc3NDQ4MzIwMA&ptn=3&ver=2&hsh=4&fclid=2b35ea2c-b8d0-63b3-2370-fd36b95362a4&psq=Ubuntu+and+Biophotonic+Coherence+vawda+tms&u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubmNiaS5ubG0ubmloLmdvdi9wbWMvYXJ0aWNsZXMvUE1DODE0Njg0OS8

 

[13] https://www.bing.com/ck/a?!&&p=d2d34e4e4c4329c606e445cccb2534130c6719f815387d37a01f879b219fc3b6JmltdHM9MTc3NDQ4MzIwMA&ptn=3&ver=2&hsh=4&fclid=2b35ea2c-b8d0-63b3-2370-fd36b95362a4&psq=The+Doomsday+Clock&u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZG9vbXNkYXljbG9jay5uZXQv

 

[14] https://www.bing.com/ck/a?!&&p=8005c241c658ca2500340e70d735bad0ac975c66b45336915bad8943c8a9b194JmltdHM9MTc3NDQ4MzIwMA&ptn=3&ver=2&hsh=4&fclid=2b35ea2c-b8d0-63b3-2370-fd36b95362a4&psq=The+Doomsday+Clock&u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9lbi53aWtpcGVkaWEub3JnL3dpa2kvRG9vbXNkYXlfQ2xvY2s

 

[15] https://www.bing.com/ck/a?!&&p=caf0d9acca075971d6917c3ecbd31239ed25355b4887b66c710bb38f07cb1b19JmltdHM9MTc3NDQ4MzIwMA&ptn=3&ver=2&hsh=4&fclid=2b35ea2c-b8d0-63b3-2370-fd36b95362a4&psq=The+Short+Walk+to+Armageddon&u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuaW1kYi5jb20vdGl0bGUvdHQyMzg3NTk5Lw

 

[16] TRANSCEND MEDIA SERVICE » Interrogating the Iran War as a ‘War of Choice’: Political Realism vs Peace Journalism

 

[17] https://www.bing.com/ck/a?!&&p=4e5d4bf5aaa0cdb3af28354ea50beff322f1fd2576db5528bf1ea1a301f73dd4JmltdHM9MTc3NDQ4MzIwMA&ptn=3&ver=2&hsh=4&fclid=2b35ea2c-b8d0-63b3-2370-fd36b95362a4&psq=UN+Charter+Articles+2(4)+and+51&u=a1aHR0cDovL2xibXMwMy5jaXR5dS5lZHUuaGsvb2Fwcy9zbHcyMDEwLTQ2MzUtbG53ODA2LnBkZg

 

[18] https://www.transcend.org/tms/author/?a=Richard%20Falk

 

[19] https://www.bing.com/ck/a?!&&p=8d82dc4f312b35431e2e16f30a94c6378abb6bb894d1853a8031a75017f02531JmltdHM9MTc3NDQ4MzIwMA&ptn=3&ver=2&hsh=4&fclid=2b35ea2c-b8d0-63b3-2370-fd36b95362a4&psq=UN+CHarter+statutory+obligation+to+protect+civilian+populations+from+unnecessary+suffering&u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9lbi53aWtpcGVkaWEub3JnL3dpa2kvUmVzcG9uc2liaWxpdHlfdG9fcHJvdGVjdA

 

[20] https://www.bing.com/ck/a?!&&p=fba3ef0da7e1c6aa20e58612723cd3527746c8ff5e5663f8ebb9f21306fcc18eJmltdHM9MTc3NDQ4MzIwMA&ptn=3&ver=2&hsh=4&fclid=2b35ea2c-b8d0-63b3-2370-fd36b95362a4&u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly90aW1lLmNvbS9hcnRpY2xlLzIwMjYvMDMvMTcvd2hhdC1pcy10aGUtc3RyYWl0LW9mLWhvcm11ei1nbG9iYWwtdHJhZGUtb2lsLWZsb3ctaXJhbi13YXIv&ntb=1

 

[21] https://www.bing.com/ck/a?!&&p=a5237edf35581383566bb9867eaf76cc60de59d0ff24bcfbc9efde7487e48e5cJmltdHM9MTc3NDQ4MzIwMA&ptn=3&ver=2&hsh=4&fclid=2b35ea2c-b8d0-63b3-2370-fd36b95362a4&psq=Strait+of+Hormuz&u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9lbi53aWtpcGVkaWEub3JnL3dpa2kvU3RyYWl0X29mX0hvcm11eiNOYXZpZ2F0aW9u

 

[22] https://www.bing.com/ck/a?!&&p=40ea429d7924ef0d2e230ecc0523aba75aad485b545843a8dac1bd893ba200bdJmltdHM9MTc3NDQ4MzIwMA&ptn=3&ver=2&hsh=4&fclid=2b35ea2c-b8d0-63b3-2370-fd36b95362a4&u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuYWxqYXplZXJhLmNvbS9uZXdzLzIwMjYvMy8xL2hvdy11cy1pc3JhZWwtYXR0YWNrcy1vbi1pcmFuLXRocmVhdGVuLXRoZS1zdHJhaXQtb2YtaG9ybXV6LW9pbC1tYXJrZXRz&ntb=1

 

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______________________________________________

Professor G. Hoosen M. Vawda (Bsc; MBChB; PhD.Wits) is a member of the TRANSCEND Network for Peace Development Environment.
Director: Glastonbury Medical Research Centre; Community Health and Indigent Programme Services; Body Donor Foundation SA.
Principal Investigator: Multinational Clinical Trials
Consultant: Medical and General Research Ethics; Internal Medicine and Clinical Psychiatry:UKZN, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine
Executive Member: Inter Religious Council KZN SA
Public Liaison: Medical Misadventures
Activism: Justice for All
Email: vawda@ukzn.ac.za


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This article originally appeared on Transcend Media Service (TMS) on 6 Apr 2026.

Anticopyright: Editorials and articles originated on TMS may be freely reprinted, disseminated, translated and used as background material, provided an acknowledgement and link to the source, TMS: The Escalating Belligerence in the Middle East: A Peace Propagator’s Academic Analysis of the Iran War of Choice, is included. Thank you.

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